Battery

Abstract

The battery may include a frame that forms a first liquid electrode in which a first semi-reaction occurs, a second liquid electrode in which a second semi-reaction occurs, a first electrode reservoir that is a space in which the first liquid electrode is accommodated, and a second electrode reservoir that is a space in which the second liquid electrode is accommodated, a separator membrane that is disposed between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir and is bonded to the frame, and an injection hole that is fluidly connected to the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir and is provided between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir in the frame for injecting a liquid electrode from outside the battery.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to batteries, and more particularly to batteries in which metal ions dissolved in an electrolyte are charged or discharged through oxidation and reduction reactions. [Background technology]

[0002] Unlike conventional batteries, redox flow batteries (RFBs) are systems that charge or discharge by oxidizing and reducing the active material in an electrolyte. Redox flow batteries operate by continuously circulating the electrolyte through a stack using a fluid pump, with the actual electrochemical reaction occurring within the stack. While such redox flow batteries offer advantages such as long life, high power output, and large capacity, they require an electrolyte storage tank and a fluid pump to circulate the electrolyte, resulting in a large overall system volume and limited design flexibility. To address these issues, the inventors of the present invention developed a redox flow battery that does not require an electrolyte tank or fluid pump. However, this new redox flow battery suffers from problems such as electrolyte leakage between the current collector and frame, electrochemical corrosion of the current collector, frame deformation, and high stress concentrations in parts of the battery. Among these, the problems resulting from an inefficient and unstable electrolyte injection process need to be addressed as a priority. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] To overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, one object of the present invention is to provide a battery that can minimize its volume.

[0004] In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, another object of the present invention is to provide a battery in which electrolyte can be easily and efficiently injected into the two electrolyte-containing spaces.

[0005] In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a battery, which allows the step of injecting an electrolyte into the battery to be carried out easily and efficiently. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In one embodiment, the battery includes a first liquid electrode in which a first semi-reaction occurs, a second liquid electrode in which a second semi-reaction occurs, a frame forming a first electrode reservoir that is a space in which the first liquid electrode is accommodated and a second electrode reservoir that is a space in which the second liquid electrode is accommodated, a separation membrane bonded to the frame and disposed between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir, and an injection hole provided in the frame to fluidly communicate with the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir for injecting a liquid electrode from the outside.

[0007] In another aspect, the battery can include a first liquid electrode in which a first half-reaction occurs, a second liquid electrode in which a second half-reaction occurs, a separation membrane disposed between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode, a frame supporting the separation membrane, and an injection hole disposed in the in-plane direction of the frame and for injecting the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode from the outside.

[0008] In another aspect, a battery includes a first current collector, a second current collector spaced apart from the first current collector, a separator disposed between the first current collector and the second current collector, a frame forming a first electrode reservoir between the first current collector and the separator and a second electrode reservoir between the second current collector and the separator, an injection hole disposed in the frame between the first current collector and the second current collector and fluidly communicating with the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir, and a seal member configured to close the injection hole.

[0009] Specific details regarding other embodiments are provided in the "Detailed Description" and "Drawings." [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] A battery according to the present disclosure may have one or more of the following advantages.

[0011] First, the liquid electrodes can be conveniently infused into multiple electrode reservoirs through a single infusion hole formed in the frame.

[0012] Second, the injection hole for injecting the liquid electrode can be formed within the frame so that it does not protrude outward from the frame, which simplifies manufacturing, prevents damage to the protruding part of the injection hole, and allows the frame to be airtightly sealed after the liquid electrode is injected.

[0013] Third, the liquid electrode injected through the injection hole can flow slowly into the electrode reservoirs through the inter-electrode communication parts formed in the frame, thereby preventing damage to the separation membrane due to excessive injection pressure.

[0014] Fourth, the liquid electrode injected through the injection hole can flow slowly into the multiple electrode reservoirs through the electrode communication parts formed in the frame, thereby minimizing the generation of bubbles.

[0015] Specific effects are described in the "Detailed Description" along with the above effects.

[0016] The various aspects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above, and other aspects and advantages not described above will be apparent from the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments shown in this specification. Furthermore, the aspects and advantages of the present disclosure can be realized by the means recited in the appended claims and combinations thereof. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an example of a battery according to an embodiment.

[0018] [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a battery according to an embodiment.

[0019] [Figure 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view of the example of the battery shown in FIG. 2 taken along the line 3-3.

[0020] [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a battery module according to an embodiment.

[0021] [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of a battery according to an embodiment.

[0022] [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a front view of an example of a frame according to an embodiment.

[0023] [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a rear view of an example of a frame according to an embodiment.

[0024] [Figure 8] 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an example of the flow of a liquid electrode through an inter-electrode communication portion of a battery according to an embodiment.

[0025] [Figure 9] 9 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the frame shown in FIG. 7 taken along the line 9-9.

[0026] [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view partially illustrating an example of a battery according to another embodiment.

[0027] [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view partially illustrating an example of a battery according to yet another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] Although redox flow batteries have the advantages of long life, high output, and large capacity, they require a tank for storing an electrolyte and a fluid pump for flowing the electrolyte, which results in problems such as space constraints and design difficulties. Therefore, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to realize a redox battery that does not require an electrolyte tank or a fluid pump, but the battery suffers from problems such as low energy density and large volume. To overcome the above drawbacks, one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide a battery that can minimize the volume of the battery.

[0029] The above-mentioned aspects, features, and advantages will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains can easily implement the technical idea of ​​the present disclosure. In the present invention, detailed descriptions of related technologies that are deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted. Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals may indicate the same or similar components.

[0030] In this specification, terms such as "first" and "second" are used simply to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, these terms should not be used to limit the components. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, a first component may also be a second component.

[0031] Throughout this disclosure, each element may be provided in singular or plural unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0032] Hereinafter, the expression "a component is provided or disposed on the upper or lower side" means that the component is provided or disposed in contact with the upper or lower surface. Note that the present disclosure does not intend to limit the disposition of other components between components or above or below a component.

[0033] When a component is described as being "connected with" another component, it is understood that the component may be directly connected to the other component or may be connected via another component. On the other hand, when a component is described as being "directly connected with" another component, it means that there are no other components between them.

[0034] Singular expressions can include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, terms such as "include," "has," and the like, should be understood to be intended to indicate the presence of a plurality of elements, functions, or steps described herein, and it should also be understood that more or fewer elements, functions, or steps may be used.

[0035] Throughout this specification, the term "A and / or B" means either A, B, or A and B, and the term "C to D" may mean greater than or equal to C and less than or equal to D, unless otherwise specified.

[0036] Hereinafter, a battery (for example, a secondary battery) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0037] Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery according to the present embodiment. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a battery according to one embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the battery shown in Fig. 2 along direction 3-3. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment.

[0038] In some embodiments, the battery comprises a first current collector (130a); a second current collector (130b) spaced apart from the first current collector (130a); a separator (120) disposed between the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b); a frame (110) defining a first electrode reservoir (111a) and a second electrode reservoir (111b); a first liquid electrode contained in the first electrode reservoir (111a) and configured to conduct a first half-reaction; a second liquid electrode contained in the second electrode reservoir (111b) and configured to conduct a second half-reaction; The electrode assembly may include a first solid electrode (150a) placed in the second electrode reservoir (111b) and impregnated with a first liquid electrode; a second solid electrode (150b) placed in the second electrode reservoir (111b) and impregnated with a second liquid electrode; a first adhesive member (160a) that connects the first current collector (130a) to the frame (110) (e.g., an adhesive member that connects the first current collector (130a) to the frame (110) directly or indirectly); a second adhesive member (160b) that connects the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110) (e.g., an adhesive member that connects the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110) directly or indirectly); and an inter-electrode communication portion (112) that fluidly connects the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b).

[0039] The first liquid electrode is an electrolyte in which an anode redox couple is dissolved. The anode redox couple can be realized as a material containing at least one of vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), bromine (Br), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), cerium (Ce), and cobalt (Co). In this embodiment, V 2+ / V 3+ The first liquid electrode may be an acidic aqueous solution that conducts current through ionization, preferably containing sulfuric acid. In this embodiment, the first liquid electrode can be fabricated by dissolving vanadyl sulfate (VOSO) or vanadium pentoxide (VO) in a sulfuric acid (HSO) solution.

[0040] The first liquid electrode is capable of carrying out the first half-reaction, which is as follows, where "→" indicates the direction of the reaction during discharge and "←" indicates the direction of the reaction during charge:

[0041] V 2+ ←→ V 3+ + e -

[0042] During discharge, the divalent vanadium ions are oxidized to trivalent vanadium ions, and during charge, the trivalent vanadium ions are reduced to divalent vanadium ions.

[0043] The first liquid electrode can be surrounded by a frame (110), a first current collector (130a), and a separation membrane (120). The first liquid electrode can be prevented from flowing in an in-plane direction by a first adhesive member (160a) between the first current collector (130a) and the frame (110). Hereinafter, the "in-plane direction" refers to a direction parallel to the plane formed by the separation membrane (120). The first liquid electrode is accommodated in a first electrode reservoir (111a). The first liquid electrode can be impregnated in a first solid electrode (150a).

[0044] The first liquid electrode is electrically connected to the first current collector 130a, and electrons can move to the first current collector 130a during discharge, and electrons from the first current collector 130a can move to the first liquid electrode during charge. The first liquid electrode is in contact with the separator 120, and hydrogen ions (protons) can move through the separator 120.

[0045] The second liquid electrode is an electrolyte in which a cathode redox couple is dissolved. The cathode redox couple can be realized as a material containing at least one of vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), bromine (Br), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), cerium (Ce), and cobalt (Co). In this embodiment, V 4+ / V 5+The second liquid electrode can be an acidic aqueous solution that conducts current through ionization, preferably containing sulfuric acid. In this embodiment, the second liquid current can be produced by dissolving vanadium sulfate (VOSO4) or vanadium pentoxide (VO2O5) in a sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution.

[0046] The second liquid electrode can carry out the second half-reaction, which is as follows, where "→" indicates the direction of the reaction during discharge and "←" indicates the direction of the reaction during charge:

[0047] V 5+ + e - ←→ V 4+

[0048] During discharge, the vanadium pentavalent ions are reduced to vanadium tetravalent ions, and during charge, the vanadium tetravalent ions are oxidized to vanadium pentavalent ions.

[0049] The second liquid electrode can be surrounded by the frame (110), the second current collector (130b), and the separation membrane (120). The second liquid electrode can be prevented from flowing in the in-plane direction by the second adhesive member (160b) between the second current collector (130b) and the frame (110). The second liquid electrode is accommodated in the second electrode reservoir (111b). The second liquid electrode can be impregnated in the second solid electrode (150b).

[0050] The second liquid electrode is electrically connected to the second current collector (130b), so that electrons can move to the second current collector (130b) during charging, and electrons from the second current collector (130b) can move to the second liquid electrode during charging. The second liquid electrode is in contact with the separator (120), so that hydrogen ions (protons) can move through the separator (120).

[0051] As mentioned above, the first and second liquid electrodes have the same composition. They contain vanadium ions in an electrolyte of the same composition. Hereinafter, the first and second liquid electrodes will be collectively referred to as liquid electrodes.

[0052] In some embodiments, the frame (110) is formed as a hollow square. In other embodiments, the frame (110) may be formed as a polygon, such as a diamond, circle, triangle, or pentagon, or other shape. The frame can have a predetermined thickness in the out-of-plane direction to accommodate the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). Hereinafter, the "out-of-plane" direction with respect to the structure refers to a direction that penetrates the in-plane direction of the structure (here, "in-plane direction" refers to a direction parallel to a plane formed by the structure, such as the separation membrane (120)). The out-of-plane direction can include the thickness direction, but is generally not limited to a direction perpendicular to the in-plane direction.

[0053] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the frame (110) may be aligned with the outer periphery of the first carbon current collector (132a) of the first current collector (130a) and the outer periphery of the second carbon current collector (132b) of the second current collector (130b).

[0054] The first current collector (130a) may be disposed on one side of the frame (110) in the out-of-plane direction, and the second current collector (130b) may be disposed on the other side of the frame (110) in the out-of-plane direction. More specifically, the first current collector (130a) may be disposed on one end face of the frame (110), and the second current collector (130b) may be disposed on the other end face of the frame (110). These two end faces face each other in the out-of-plane direction. The hollow interior region of the frame (110) is surrounded by the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b). The frame (110) is disposed between the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b) and can prevent the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode from flowing out (e.g., leaking) in the in-plane direction. The frame (110) is joined to the first current collector (130a) by a first adhesive member (160a) and to the second current collector (130b) by a second adhesive member (160b).

[0055] The separation membrane 120 may be disposed in a hollow interior region of the frame 110. The hollow interior region of the frame 110 may be divided into two spaces by the separation membrane 120. The frame 110 is joined to the separation membrane 120 by an adhesive member, and the adhesive member may be made of the same material as the first adhesive member 160a or the second adhesive member 160b.

[0056] The frame (110) may form a first electrode reservoir (111a) between the first current collector (130a) and the separator (120), and a second electrode reservoir (111b) between the second current collector (130b) and the separator (120).

[0057] The frame (110) can accommodate a first liquid electrode and a second liquid electrode. The first solid electrode (150a) and the second solid electrode (150b) can be disposed in a hollow interior region of the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) can be attached to the outer periphery of the frame (110) facing the first current collector (130a), and the second adhesive member (160b) can be attached to the other outer periphery of the frame (110) facing the second current collector (130b). (See the example in Figure 3.) In other words, the first adhesive member (160a) can be attached to one end surface of the frame (110) facing the out-of-plane direction, and the second adhesive member (160b) can be attached to the other end surface of the frame (110) facing the out-of-plane direction.

[0058] The frame (110) can be formed to surround the inter-electrode communication portion (112) together with the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b).

[0059] The electrode communication portion (112) can fluidly communicate the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). The first liquid electrode and / or the second liquid electrode can flow through the electrode communication portion (112). In some embodiments, the electrode communication portion (112) can include a groove portion and a through-hole portion. The groove portion can be formed along the outer periphery of the frame (110). The groove portion of the electrode communication portion (112) is recessed in the out-of-plane direction of the frame (110), and the longitudinal direction of the groove is formed along the in-plane direction. The through-hole portion of the electrode communication portion (112) allows fluid communication between the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). For example, the through-hole portion of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may pass through the frame (110) along the out-of-plane direction, with the longitudinal direction of the through-hole portion being the out-of-plane direction.

[0060] At least a portion of the electrode communication portion (112) may be surrounded and formed by the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) and the frame (110). Generally, the electrode communication portion (112) may be disposed within the frame between the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b). For example, the electrode communication portion (112) may be surrounded by the first adhesive member (160a) on the side of the frame (110) facing the first current collector (130a) and / or the second adhesive member (160b) on the opposite side of the frame (110) facing the second current collector (130b). In some embodiments, the first liquid electrode and / or the second liquid electrode flowing through the electrode communication portion (112) may contact the first adhesive member (160a) and / or the second adhesive member (160b).

[0061] The first and second adhesive members (160a, 160b) not only adhere and bond the first / second current collectors (130a, 130b) to the frame (110), but also function to prevent leakage of the liquid electrode between the frame (110) and the first / second current collectors (130a, 130b) and to electrically insulate the first / second current collectors (130a, 130b) from the liquid electrode located in the inter-electrode communication portion (112).

[0062] The inter-electrode communication part (112) will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS.

[0063] The separation membrane (120) may be disposed in the frame (110) (e.g., within the hollow interior region of the frame (110)) to separate the first and second liquid electrodes from each other and to allow hydrogen cations (protons) to migrate between the first and second liquid electrodes. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the separation membrane (120) may be disposed within the frame (110) at the center of the frame (110) in the thickness direction to separate the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b).

[0064] The separation membrane (120) may be disposed between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode. The separation membrane (120) may be disposed between the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b). The separation membrane (120) may be disposed closer to the inner region (in-plane direction) of the frame (110) than the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b). The outer periphery of the separation membrane (120) may be adhered to the frame (110).

[0065] During discharge, hydrogen cations migrate from the first liquid electrode to the second liquid electrode through the separation membrane (120). During charge, hydrogen cations migrate from the second liquid electrode to the first liquid electrode through the separation membrane (120).

[0066] The separation membrane 120 can include perfluorinated ionomers, partially fluorinated polymers, non-fluorinated hydrocarbons, etc. The separation membrane 120 can be formed of or include Nafion®, Flemion®, NEOSEPTA-F®, or Gore Select®.

[0067] The separator (120) prevents the first and second liquid electrodes from mixing with each other. However, during charging or discharging, vanadium ions and water contained in the first and second liquid electrodes may permeate the separator, resulting in a "crossover phenomenon." This results in an imbalance between the volumes of the first and second liquid electrodes, affecting the battery's performance and lifespan. A liquid electrode tank and pump, as in conventional redox secondary batteries, can eliminate this imbalance. However, in the present disclosure, where only a small amount of liquid electrode exists inside the battery, even a slight imbalance can affect the battery's performance and lifespan. The electrode communication section (112) can be configured to eliminate this imbalance caused by crossover. Furthermore, the first or second liquid electrode with an increased volume can move to the first or second liquid electrode with a decreased volume through the electrode communication section. In other words, the electrode communication section (112) functions as a buffer space to absorb the volume imbalance between the first and second liquid electrodes.

[0068] The first current collector (130a) may be disposed on one side of the frame (110) and may form a first electrode reservoir (111a) together with the frame (110) and the separator (120). The first current collector (130a) may be disposed parallel to and spaced apart from the second current collector (130b). The first current collector (130a) may be adhered to a first adhesive member (160a) that is adhered to the frame (110). The first current collector (130a) may be joined to the frame (110) by the first adhesive member (160a). For example, the first adhesive member (160a) may be applied to or adhered to the outer periphery of the first current collector (130a) and / or the peripheral edge of the frame (110) to adhere the two together.

[0069] Because the first adhesive member (160a) is attached to the first current collector (130a), it may not be in direct contact with the first or second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112). The first current collector (130a) may be electrically connected to the first liquid electrode, allowing electrons to move and current to flow during charging and discharging.

[0070] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, multiple batteries may be connected to form a module including multiple frames (110), multiple first current collectors (130a), and multiple second current collectors (130b) (the example in Figure 4 shows an example in which three batteries are connected). In some configurations, the multiple first current collectors (130a) may be electrically connected (e.g., by bus bars) to connect the multiple batteries in parallel or series.

[0071] The first current collector (130a) may include a first metal current collector (131a) made of metal and electrically connected to the bus bar, and a first carbon current collector (132a) may be disposed between the first metal current collector (131a) and the frame (110) (see FIG. 3).

[0072] The first carbon current collector (132a) may be made of a material such as graphite, carbon, or carbon plastic, and may have high electrical conductivity and high acid resistance. Referring to Figure 3, the first carbon current collector (132a) is disposed between the first liquid electrode and the first metal current collector (131a) to enable electron transfer between them while preventing oxidation of the first metal current collector (131a). The first carbon current collector (132a) may be formed in the shape of a rectangular plate, or may be coated on the first metal current collector (131a).

[0073] The first carbon current collector (132a) may be formed such that its outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) coincides with the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the frame (110). The first carbon current collector (132a) may be bonded to the frame (110) by a first adhesive member (160a). The first adhesive member (160a) may be adhered or applied to the outer periphery of the first carbon current collector (132a).

[0074] The first metal current collector (131a) may be made of a metal having high electrical conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, and may be formed in the shape of a rectangular plate, with a portion of the plate protruding and connected to a bus bar.

[0075] The first metal current collector (131a) may be formed from a flexible thin film or a rigid plate. When multiple batteries form a module, as shown in Figure 4, the multiple first metal current collectors (131a) may be formed from a flexible thin film, with some of them being formed from rigid plates.

[0076] The first carbon current collector 132a may be disposed on one side of the first metal current collector 131a. When multiple batteries form a module, as shown in Figure 4, the first carbon current collectors 132a of adjacent batteries may be disposed on both sides of the first metal current collector 131a of the battery.

[0077] Referring again to FIG. 3, the second current collector (130b) may be disposed on the opposite side of the frame (110) and may form a second electrode reservoir (111b) together with the frame (110) and the separator (120). The second current collector (130b) may be disposed parallel to and spaced apart from the first current collector (130a). The second current collector (130b) may be attached to a second adhesive member (160b) that is attached to the frame (110). The second current collector (130b) may be joined to the frame (110) by the second adhesive member (160b). For example, the second adhesive member (160b) may be applied to or attached to the outer periphery of the second current collector (130b) and / or the outer periphery of the frame (110) to bond the two together.

[0078] Because the second adhesive member (160b) is attached, the second current collector (130b) may not be in direct contact with the first or second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112). The second current collector (130b) may be electrically connected to the second liquid electrode, allowing electrons to move and current to flow during charging and discharging.

[0079] When multiple batteries form a module (e.g., as in FIG. 4) including multiple frames (110), multiple first current collectors (130a), and multiple second current collectors (130b), the multiple second current collectors (130b) may be electrically connected (e.g., by bus bars) to connect the multiple batteries in parallel.

[0080] The second current collector (130b) may include a second metal current collector (131b) made of metal and electrically connected to the bus bar, and may include a second carbon current collector (132b) arranged between the second metal current collector (131b) and the frame (110).

[0081] The second carbon current collector (132b) may be made of a material such as graphite, carbon, or carbon plastic, and may have high electrical conductivity and high acid resistance. The second carbon current collector (132b) is disposed between the second liquid electrode and the second metal current collector (131b) to enable electron transfer between them while preventing oxidation of the second metal current collector (131b). The second carbon current collector (132b) may be formed in the shape of a rectangular plate, or may be coated on the second metal current collector (131b).

[0082] The second carbon current collector (132b) may be formed such that its outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) coincides with the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the frame (110). The second carbon current collector (132b) may be bonded to the frame (110) by a second adhesive member (160b). The second adhesive member (160b) may be adhered or applied to the outer periphery of the second carbon current collector (132b).

[0083] The second metal current collector (131b) may be made of a metal having high electrical conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, and may be formed in the shape of a rectangular plate, with a portion of the plate protruding and connected to a bus bar.

[0084] The second metal current collector (131b) may be formed from a flexible thin film or a rigid plate. When multiple batteries form a module, as shown in Figure 4, the multiple second metal current collectors (131b) may be formed from a flexible thin film, with some of them being formed from rigid plates.

[0085] The second carbon current collector 132b may be disposed on one side of the second metal current collector 131b. When multiple batteries form a module, as shown in Figure 4, the second carbon current collectors 132b of adjacent batteries may be disposed on both sides of the second metal current collector 131b of the battery.

[0086] Referring again to FIG. 3, the first solid electrode (150a) may be disposed in the first electrode reservoir (111a) with the first liquid electrode impregnated therein. The first solid electrode (150a) may be surrounded by the frame (110), the first current collector (130a), and the separator (120). The first solid electrode (150a) may include a carbon-based material such as carbon or graphite felt, carbon cloth, carbon black, graphite powder, or graphene. The first solid electrode (150a) may be disposed further inward (in-plane) of the frame (110) than the first adhesive member (160a).

[0087] In some embodiments, the first solid electrode (150a) may be formed in a porous hexahedron shape. The first solid electrode (150a) may have a thickness greater than the out-of-plane thickness of the first electrode reservoir (111a). In this case, the first solid electrode (150a) may be press-fit into the first electrode reservoir (111a). The first solid electrode (150a) may be in close contact with the first current collector (130a) and the separation membrane (120).

[0088] The second solid electrode (150b) may be disposed in the second electrode reservoir (111b) with the second liquid electrode impregnated therein. The second solid electrode (150b) may be surrounded by the frame (110), the second current collector (130b), and the separator (120). The second solid electrode (150b) may include a carbon-based material such as carbon or graphite felt, carbon cloth, carbon black, graphite powder, or graphene. The second solid electrode (150b) may be further disposed inward (in-plane) of the frame (110) relative to the second adhesive member (160b).

[0089] In some embodiments, the second solid electrode (150b) may be formed in a porous hexahedron shape. The second solid electrode (150b) may have a thickness greater than the out-of-plane thickness of the second electrode reservoir (111b). In this case, the second solid electrode (150b) may be press-fit into the second electrode reservoir (111b). The second solid electrode (150b) may be in close contact with the second current collector (130b) and the separation membrane (120).

[0090] Each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may include at least one of an acrylate adhesive, an acrylate ester adhesive, an acrylate ethylene adhesive, a polycarbonate adhesive, a polyethylene adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, or an isocyanate adhesive. Each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) is one or a combination of a solvent adhesive, an emulsion adhesive, a hot melt adhesive, a liquid curing adhesive, or a film adhesive.

[0091] Each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may be formed in a strip shape. For example, each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may be formed in a square shape with a hollow interior region. In some embodiments, each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may be formed in a closed curve surrounding the peripheral region of the frame, for example, in a band shape as shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may be formed to coincide with the outer periphery (outer edge) of the frame (110). More specifically, the edge of each of the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) may be aligned with the edge of the frame (110) in the out-of-plane direction.

[0092] The first adhesive member (160a) may adhere the first carbon current collector (132a) of the first current collector (130a) to the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) may seal the gap between the first carbon current collector (132a) and the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) may be disposed in the form of a layer between the first carbon current collector (132a) and the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) may be adhered to one side of the frame (110) in the in-plane direction. The first adhesive member (160a) may be adhered to the outer periphery of one side of the first carbon current collector (132a) on which the first metal current collector (131a) is not disposed. The first adhesive member (160a) may be applied to the first carbon current collector (132a) and then adhered to the frame (110).

[0093] The first adhesive member 160a may be arranged so that the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the first carbon current collector 132a of the first current collector 130a coincides with the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the frame 110. More specifically, the edge of the first carbon current collector 132a may be aligned with the edge of the frame 110 in the out-of-plane direction. For example, the first adhesive member 160a may be arranged outside the outer periphery of the separator 120 in the frame 110 in the in-plane direction.

[0094] The first adhesive member (160a) may form part of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) together with the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) may cover part of the inter-electrode communication portion (112). The first adhesive member (160a) may cover part of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) formed as an in-plane groove on the outer periphery of the frame (110). The first adhesive member (160a) may cover part of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) formed as a through-hole in the frame (110).

[0095] At least a portion of the first adhesive member (160a) may extend beyond the inter-electrode communication portion (112) toward the outer circumferential boundary of the frame (110). The first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may contact the first adhesive member (160a). The first adhesive member (160a) may be attached to the frame (110) and the first current collector (130a) such that the first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112) does not contact the first current collector (130a).

[0096] The first adhesive member (160a) may be positioned within a space defined by the frame (110) in which the first solid electrode (150a) and the second solid electrode (150b) are not positioned (e.g., the first electrode reservoir (111a), the second electrode reservoir (111b), and / or the inter-electrode communication portion (112)).

[0097] The second adhesive member (160b) can adhere the second carbon current collector (132b) of the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110). The second adhesive member (160b) can seal the gap between the second carbon current collector (132b) and the frame (110). The second adhesive member (160b) can be laminated between the second carbon current collector (132b) and the frame (110). The second adhesive member (160b) can be adhered to the outer periphery of the other out-of-plane side of the frame (110). The second adhesive member (160b) can be adhered to the outer periphery of one of the two surfaces of the second carbon current collector (132b) on which the second metal current collector (131b) is not disposed. Here, the two main surfaces of the second carbon current collector (132b) refer to the two out-of-plane sides. The second adhesive member (160b) may be applied to the second carbon current collector (132b) and configured to adhere to the frame (110).

[0098] The second adhesive member 160b may be arranged such that the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the second carbon current collector 132b of the second current collector 130b coincides with the outer periphery (e.g., outer edge) of the frame 110. More specifically, the edge of the second carbon current collector 132b may be aligned with the edge of the frame 110 in the out-of-plane direction. The second adhesive member 160b may be arranged closer to the outer edge of the frame 110 (in the in-plane direction) than the second solid electrode 150b. The second adhesive member 160b may be arranged closer to the outer edge of the frame 110 (in the in-plane direction) than the second electrode reservoir 111b. The second adhesive member 160b may be arranged closer to the outer edge of the frame 110 (in the in-plane direction) than the separator 120.

[0099] The second adhesive member (160b) may form a portion of the frame (110) and a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion (112). The second adhesive member (160b) may cover a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion (112). The second adhesive member (160b) may cover a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) formed as a groove in the in-plane direction of the outer periphery of the frame (110). The second adhesive member (160b) may cover a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion (112) formed as a through-hole in the out-of-plane direction of the frame (110).

[0100] At least a portion of the second adhesive member (160b) may extend beyond the inter-electrode communication portion (112) toward the outer circumferential boundary of the frame (110). The first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may contact the second adhesive member (160b). The second adhesive member (160b) may be attached to the frame (110) and the second current collector (130b) such that the first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode flowing through the inter-electrode communication portion (112) does not contact the second current collector (130b).

[0101] The second adhesive member (160b) may be positioned within a space defined by the frame (110) in which the first solid electrode (150a) and the second solid electrode (150b) are not positioned (e.g., the first electrode reservoir (111a), the second electrode reservoir (111b), and the inter-electrode communication portion (112)).

[0102] The first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b) can cover both ends of the through-hole of the electrode communication portion (112). One end of the through-hole of the electrode communication portion (112) is blocked by the first adhesive member (160a), and the other end of the through-hole of the electrode communication portion (112) is blocked by the second adhesive member (160b). The first adhesive member (160a) prevents the liquid electrode flowing through the groove of the electrode communication portion (112) from directly contacting the first carbon current collector (132a) of the first current collector (130a), and the second adhesive member (160b) prevents the liquid electrode from directly contacting the second carbon current collector (132b) of the second current collector (130b).

[0103] In the present disclosure, the structure of the battery having the above configuration will be described in detail below.

[0104] A separator (120) having a predetermined thickness may be attached to the center of a rectangular frame (110) having a predetermined thickness in the thickness direction. A first current collector (130a) may be attached to one side of the frame (110) in the out-of-plane direction by a first adhesive member (160a), and a second current collector (130b) may be attached to the other side of the frame (110) in the out-of-plane direction by a second adhesive member (160b). This may form a first electrode reservoir (111a) and a second electrode reservoir (111b). That is, the frame (110) may be disposed between the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b), and the separator (120) may be disposed within the frame (110).

[0105] A first solid electrode (150a) impregnated with a first liquid electrode may be placed in the first electrode reservoir (111a), and a second solid electrode (150b) impregnated with a second liquid electrode may be placed in the second electrode reservoir (111b).

[0106] The first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) may be attached to the outer periphery of the frame (110) and to the outer periphery of the first carbon current collector (132a) or the second carbon current collector (132b). The first adhesive member (160a), the second adhesive member (160b), the frame (110), the first carbon current collector (132a), and the second carbon current collector (132b) may be arranged so that their respective peripheries (e.g., outer edges) coincide. Therefore, when they are joined together, the overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. More specifically, the edges of the first adhesive member (160a), the second adhesive member (160b), the frame (110), the first carbon current collector (132a), and the second carbon current collector (132b) may be aligned on the same line in the out-of-plane direction.

[0107] The first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) may form the frame (110) and the electrode communication portion (112). The first adhesive member (160a), the first carbon current collector (132a), and the first metal current collector (131a) may be sequentially arranged on the electrode communication portion (112) of the first electrode reservoir (111a). The second adhesive member (160b), the second carbon current collector (132b), and the second metal current collector (131b) may be sequentially arranged on the electrode communication portion (112) of the second electrode reservoir (111b).

[0108] During charging or discharging, the first liquid electrode and / or the second liquid electrode may flow within the inter-electrode communication portion (112), but the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) may prevent direct contact with the first current collector (130a) or the second current collector (130b).

[0109] 4, the above-described configuration is repeated in a crosswise manner to form a module. That is, a first current collector (130a) may be disposed between a plurality of frames (110) to which a separator (120) is bonded, and a second current collector (130b) may be disposed between a plurality of frames (110) to which a separator (120) is bonded. In this case, only one first metal current collector (131a) may be disposed between two first carbon current collectors (132a), and only one second metal current collector (131b) may be disposed between two second carbon current collectors (132b).

[0110] Fig. 5 is a plan view of the battery according to this embodiment. Fig. 6 is a front view of the frame according to this embodiment. Fig. 7 is a rear view of the frame according to this embodiment. Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the flow of liquid electrode through the inter-electrode communication part of the battery according to this embodiment. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the frame shown in Fig. 7 along the 9-9 direction.

[0111] A frame (110) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a square-shaped frame body (119) having a peripheral structural region surrounding a hollow interior region; a separation membrane support portion (115) that protrudes inward from the peripheral structural region of the frame body (119) toward the hollow interior region and is joined to a separation membrane (120); and a frame reinforcement portion (116) that is disposed in the hollow interior region of the frame body (119) and prevents deformation of the frame body (119).

[0112] The frame body (119) may be formed into a hollow square shape by four bars. The hollow interior region of the frame body (119) may form a first electrode reservoir (111a) and a second electrode reservoir (111b). A separation membrane support portion (115) protruding in the in-plane direction may be formed in the hollow interior region of the frame body (119). An inter-electrode communication portion (112) may be formed in the frame body (119).

[0113] The frame main body (119) may have one out-of-plane side to which the first adhesive member (160a) is adhered and the other out-of-plane side to which the second adhesive member (160b) is adhered. More specifically, the frame main body (119) has one end face to which the first adhesive member (160a) is adhered and the other end face to which the second adhesive member (160b) is adhered, and these end faces face each other in the out-of-plane direction. One out-of-plane side of the frame main body (119) may be adhered to the first current collector (130a) by the first adhesive member (160a), and the other out-of-plane side may be adhered to the second current collector (130b) by the second adhesive member (160b).

[0114] The separation membrane support member 115 may be formed to protrude from the hollow interior region of the frame body 119 toward the center in the in-plane direction and may be formed in a square shape. Referring to Figure 3, the separation membrane support member 115 may be disposed at the center of the frame body 119 in the thickness direction.

[0115] The outer periphery of the separation membrane (120) is adhered to the separation membrane support part (115), thereby enabling the separation membrane to be firmly stretched. The separation membrane support part (115) preferably has a minimum width sufficient to support the separation membrane (120). The separation membrane support part (115) functions as a rib for reinforcing the frame body (119) in the in-plane direction, and can prevent the frame body (119) from deforming in the in-plane direction even when the first or second liquid electrode expands or contracts, gas is generated in the liquid electrode, or an external impact occurs.

[0116] One side of the separation membrane support member 115 is closely adhered to the separation membrane 120, thereby preventing leakage of the first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode from between the separation membrane support member 115 and the separation membrane 120. An adhesive containing the same components as the material of the first adhesive member 160a or the second adhesive member 160b may be disposed between the separation membrane support member 115 and the separation membrane 120. The separation membrane support member 115 and the separation membrane 120 may be adhered to each other with an adhesive containing at least one of an acrylate adhesive, an acrylate ester adhesive, an acrylate ethylene adhesive, a polycarbonate adhesive, a polyethylene adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, and an isocyanate adhesive.

[0117] The separation membrane support (115) can be disposed inside the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) in the in-plane direction.

[0118] The frame reinforcement portion 116 may be formed to connect one side to the other side of the frame body 119 or to connect one vertex to another vertex. In this embodiment, the frame reinforcement portion 116 may be formed in a cross shape (+ shape) connecting two opposing sides of the frame body 119.

[0119] The frame reinforcing portion (116) can be disposed inside the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b) in the in-plane direction.

[0120] 5, the first adhesive member 160a or the second adhesive member 160b may not be attached to the separation membrane support member 115. The first adhesive member 160a may be attached to one side of the frame body 119 in the out-of-plane direction, and the second adhesive member 160b may be attached to the other side of the frame body 119 in the out-of-plane direction. The first adhesive member 160a may cover a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion 112 formed on one side of the frame body 119 in the out-of-plane direction, and the second adhesive member 160b may cover a portion of the inter-electrode communication portion 112 formed on the other side of the frame body 119 in the out-of-plane direction.

[0121] In order to eliminate the problem of an imbalance between the amount of the first liquid electrode and the amount of the second liquid electrode due to crossover that may occur during charging or discharging, the inter-electrode communication portion (112) is configured to be fluidly connected to the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b), so that the first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode can flow within the inter-electrode communication portion (112) during charging or discharging.

[0122] The inter-electrode communication portion (112) can be formed elongated so as to have a volume that allows flow equivalent to half the difference in volume between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode due to crossover, and to have a resistance value greater than a predetermined value.

[0123] The inter-electrode communication portion (112) may be formed in a part of the frame body (119) surrounding the first solid electrode (150a) or the second solid electrode (150b), and may be positioned on a part of the periphery of the first solid electrode (150a) or the second solid electrode (150b).

[0124] In some embodiments, the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may be positioned further toward the outer boundary (in-plane direction) of the frame (110) than the separation membrane support member (115). In some embodiments, the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may be positioned further inward (in-plane direction) from the outer boundary of the frame (110) than the adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b). For example, the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may be configured to be covered by the first adhesive member (160a) or the second adhesive member (160b).

[0125] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the inter-electrode communication portion (112) may include an inter-electrode through-hole (1121) formed as a through-hole in the out-of-plane direction within the frame; a first inter-electrode channel (1123a) fluidically connecting the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) and the first electrode reservoir (111a); and a second inter-electrode channel (1123b) fluidically connecting the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) and the second electrode reservoir (111b).

[0126] The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) may be formed as through-holes in the out-of-plane direction in the frame (110). The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) may be arranged in a direction penetrating the plane formed by the separation membrane (120). The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) may be arranged perpendicular to the plane formed by the separation membrane (120). The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) may be configured perpendicular to the first inter-electrode channel (1123a). The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) may also be configured perpendicular to the second inter-electrode channel (1123b). The inter-electrode through-holes (1121) formed in the out-of-plane direction may have one end bent in the in-plane direction to connect to the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the other end bent in the in-plane direction to connect to the second inter-electrode channel (1123b). The inter-electrode through-hole (1121) may connect the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the second inter-electrode channel (1123b) to each other.

[0127] The inter-electrode through-hole (1121) may be formed at one corner of the rectangular frame body (119). One end of the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) may be covered by a first adhesive member (160a), and the other end may be covered by a second adhesive member (160b). The center of the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) in the out-of-plane direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction) may be connected to the injection hole (114) described below.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 6, the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be formed as a groove on one side of the frame body (119) in the out-of-plane direction. The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be formed along the frame body (119) with the in-plane direction as the longitudinal direction. The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be formed by bending at least two times. The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be bent four times at the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) along the shape of the frame body (119) to form a nearly square shape before connecting to the first electrode reservoir (111a). The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be formed in all four bars of the frame body (119). The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may also have a first transition discharge portion (1125a), which is an opening that can connect to the first electrode reservoir (111a). The first inter-electrode channel (1123a) may be covered by a first adhesive member (160a).

[0129] Referring to FIG. 7, the second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may be formed as a groove on the other side of the frame body (119) in the out-of-plane direction. The second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may be formed along the frame body (119) with the in-plane direction as its longitudinal direction. The second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may be formed linearly along one bar of the frame body (119) in the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) and then connected to the second electrode reservoir (111b). The second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may have an open second transition discharge portion (1125b) for connection to the second electrode reservoir (111b). The second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may be covered with a second adhesive member (160b).

[0130] The second inter-electrode channel (1123b) is formed so as not to overlap with the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) when projected in the out-of-plane direction, thereby allowing the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the second inter-electrode channel (1123b) to form a closed curve when projected in the out-of-plane direction. When projected in the out-of-plane direction, the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may form a square. That is, the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the second inter-electrode channel (1123b) may be formed throughout the longitudinal direction (i.e., the in-plane direction) of the frame body (119).

[0131] The second transition exhaust portion (1125b) may be formed to overlap the first transition exhaust portion (1125a) when projected in the out-of-plane direction. The first transition exhaust portion (1125a) and the second transition exhaust portion (1125b) may be formed in the same direction and parallel to each other.

[0132] The first adhesive member (160a) may cover the first inter-electrode channel (1123a), and the second adhesive member (160b) may cover the second inter-electrode channel (1123b). The first adhesive member (160a) may cover one end of the inter-electrode through hole (1121), and the second adhesive member (160b) may cover the other end of the inter-electrode through hole (1121).

[0133] Referring to FIG. 9, a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an injection hole (114) formed in the frame (110) so that the first liquid electrode or the second liquid electrode may be injected through the injection hole (114).

[0134] The injection hole (114) may be formed in the frame (110) so that the liquid electrode can be injected from the outside through the injection hole (114) and flow into the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). The injection hole (114) may be formed within the frame (110) so as to open to the outside. One end of the injection hole (114) may be formed to coincide with the outer flat surface (end surface) (1191) of the frame (110) that is exposed to the outside when the battery is stacked with other batteries. In other words, the injection hole (114) may be formed so as not to be surrounded by a portion that protrudes from the outer flat surface (1191) of the frame (110). When the frame (110) is manufactured before being assembled with other components, there is no protrusion on the frame (110) where the injection hole (114) can be located. This differs from the method of injecting a liquid electrode through the injection hole (114) and then removing the protrusion surrounding the injection hole (114). Subsequent removal of the protrusion leaves at least a portion of the protrusion, resulting in one end of the injection hole (114) not flush with the flat surface of the frame (110) and / or the injection hole (114) being surrounded by the remaining portion of the protrusion. The injection hole (114) may be formed by molding together with the frame body. Since the frame (110) does not have a protrusion from the initial stages of manufacturing and assembly, the space required to accommodate batteries and battery stack modules can be reduced, simplifying the manufacturing and assembly process for batteries and battery modules. The injection hole (114) may be formed to inject a first liquid electrode into the first electrode reservoir (111a) and a second liquid electrode into the second electrode reservoir (111b). When a liquid electrode is injected from the outside through the injection hole (114), the liquid electrode can be contained in the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). The liquid electrode injected into the first electrode reservoir (111a) through the injection hole (114) can become the first liquid electrode, and the liquid electrode injected into the second electrode reservoir (111b) can become the second liquid electrode.

[0135] The injection hole 114 may be a hole formed in the in-plane direction of the frame 110. The injection hole 114 may be formed in the longitudinal direction of one end of one bar of the frame body 119. The injection hole 114 may be formed in one corner of the square-shaped frame body 119. The injection hole 114 may be formed in the thickness direction of the frame body 119.

[0136] The injection hole (114) may be located on the surface formed by the separation membrane (120). The injection hole (114) may be located at the boundary between the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). The injection hole (114) may be located between the first adhesive member (160a) and the second adhesive member (160b).

[0137] The injection hole (114) may have an in-plane length greater than the thickness of the frame (110) in the thickness direction.

[0138] The injection hole (114) is preferably connected at a right angle to the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) of the inter-electrode communication section (112) and branches in a T-shape. The injection hole (114) may branch into the inter-electrode communication section (112) and be connected to the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b). The injection hole (114) may be connected to the center of the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) in the in-plane direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction). The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the injection hole (114) at any point is larger than the maximum cross-sectional flow area of ​​the inter-electrode communication section (112). The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the injection hole (114) decreases from one end to the other end toward the portion connected to the inter-electrode through-hole (1121) of the inter-electrode communication section (112). The injection hole (114) may be disposed between the first inter-electrode channel (1123a) and the second inter-electrode channel (1123b). The injection hole (114) may be formed in the same direction as and be parallel to the first transition exhaust (1125a) and the second transition exhaust (1125b). According to one embodiment, the injection hole (114) may be disposed in a direction perpendicular to the first transition exhaust (1125a) or the second transition exhaust (1125b).

[0139] The injection hole (114) can be closed after injecting the liquid electrode into the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b) in an amount sufficient for the first and second half-reactions to occur.

[0140] A battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a sealing member (113) that closes the injection hole (114).

[0141] At least a portion of the sealing member (113) can be inserted into the injection hole (114). In this embodiment, the sealing member (113) has a rod-like shape and can be press-fitted into the injection hole (114) to block the injection hole (114). The sealing member (113) can include at least one of an acrylate adhesive, an acrylate ester adhesive, an acrylate ethylene adhesive, a polycarbonate adhesive, a polyethylene adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, and an isocyanate adhesive. The sealing member (113) can be a solvent-based, emulsion-based, hot-melt, or liquid-curing adhesive, and can be injected into the injection hole (114) to seal the injection hole (114). The cross-sectional flow area of ​​the injection hole (114) decreases from one end blocked by the sealing member (113) to the other end.

[0142] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view partially showing a battery according to another embodiment.

[0143] In this embodiment, a portion of the seal member 213 may be attached to the frame 110 to cover the injection hole 114, and another portion may be inserted into the injection hole 114. The seal member 213 may be adhered to the frame 110 with at least one of an acrylate adhesive, an acrylate ester adhesive, an acrylate ethylene adhesive, a polycarbonate adhesive, a polyethylene adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, and an isocyanate adhesive.

[0144] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view partially showing a battery according to still another embodiment.

[0145] In this embodiment, the sealing member 313 is formed of a film-type adhesive and is adhered to the frame 110. The sealing member 313 includes at least one of an acrylate-based adhesive, an acrylate ester-based adhesive, an acrylate ethylene-based adhesive, a polycarbonate-based adhesive, a polyethylene-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, and an isocyanate-based adhesive.

[0146] The above-mentioned battery includes a step of forming a frame (110) having a first electrode reservoir (111a) which is a space for accommodating a first liquid electrode, a second electrode reservoir (111b) which is a space for accommodating a second liquid electrode, an inter-electrode communication part (112) for fluidly communicating the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b) and absorbing any imbalance in volume between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode, and an injection hole (114) which fluidly communicates with the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b); The liquid electrode can be manufactured by the steps of: attaching a separator (120) that separates the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b) to the frame (110); attaching the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110) using a first adhesive member (160a) and a second adhesive member (160b), respectively, so that each current collector covers the first electrode reservoir (111a) and the second electrode reservoir (111b); and injecting liquid electrodes that constitute the first and second liquid electrodes through the injection hole (114).

[0147] The step of forming the frame may include forming an injection hole flush with the peripheral flat surface (1191) of the frame (110).

[0148] The step of forming the frame may further include forming the injection hole (114) so ​​that it is not surrounded by a portion of the frame (110) that protrudes from the peripheral planar surface (1191) of the frame (110).

[0149] The step of joining the first current collector (130a) and the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110) may include a step of applying a first adhesive member (160a) to at least one of the first current collector (130a) and the frame (110) to bond the first current collector (130a) to the frame (110), and a step of applying a second adhesive member (160b) to at least one of the second current collector (130b) and the frame (110) to bond the second current collector (130b) to the frame (110).

[0150] The method may further include the step of closing the injection hole (114) with a sealing member (113) after the injection step.

[0151] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to several exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and various modifications and other embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, effects obtained based on the configurations of the present disclosure and predictable effects are included within the scope of the present disclosure even if they are not explicitly stated in the description of the embodiments.

Claims

1. a first liquid electrode at which a first half-reaction occurs; a second liquid electrode at which a second half-reaction occurs; a frame forming a first electrode reservoir, which is a space in which the first liquid electrode is accommodated, and a second electrode reservoir, which is a space in which the second liquid electrode is accommodated; a separator membrane bonded to the frame and disposed between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir; and an injection hole in the frame between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir, the injection hole being in fluid communication with the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir, for injecting a liquid electrode from outside the battery through the injection hole; Including batteries.

2. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the injection hole is disposed in an in-plane direction of the frame.

3. the frame is square-shaped with a hollow interior area surrounded by four bars; The injection hole is longitudinally disposed at one end of one bar of the frame. The battery of claim 1 .

4. The frame has a square shape, The injection hole is located at one corner of the frame. The battery of claim 1 .

5. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the injection hole is disposed at the center of the frame in the thickness direction.

6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the injection hole has a length greater than a thickness of the frame.

7. The battery of claim 1 , further comprising a seal member for sealing the fill hole.

8. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein at least a portion of the sealing member is inserted into the filling hole.

9. The battery of claim 7 , wherein at least a portion of the sealing member is adhered to the frame and covers the fill hole.

10. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the sealing member is press-fitted into the filling hole.

11. 8. The battery of claim 7, wherein the sealing member includes at least one of an acrylate-based adhesive, an acrylate ester-based adhesive, an acrylate ethylene-based adhesive, a polycarbonate-based adhesive, a polyethylene-based adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, or an isocyanate-based adhesive.

12. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the sealing member includes at least one of a solvent-based adhesive, an emulsion-based adhesive, a hot-melt-based adhesive, and a liquid-hardening adhesive, and the adhesive is injected into the injection hole.

13. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the sealing member is formed of a film-type adhesive and is adhered to the frame.

14. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the injection hole has a flow path that gradually narrows from one end of the injection hole closed by the sealing member toward the other end.

15. an inter-electrode communication section configured to allow the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir to be in fluid communication with each other; the injection hole is connected to the inter-electrode communication part; The battery of claim 1 .

16. The battery according to claim 15 , wherein the injection hole is connected to the inter-electrode communication part in a T-shape.

17. The battery according to claim 15 , wherein the cross-sectional flow path area at any one point of the injection hole is larger than the cross-sectional flow path area of ​​the electrode-to-electrode communication portion.

18. The battery according to claim 15 , wherein the injection hole is formed so that a cross-sectional flow area thereof gradually narrows from one end to the other end connected to the inter-electrode communication portion.

19. The inter-electrode communication portion is inter-electrode through holes arranged in an out-of-plane direction of the frame; a first inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the first electrode reservoir; and a second inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the second electrode reservoir; the injection hole is disposed between the first inter-electrode channel and the second inter-electrode channel.

16. The battery of claim 15.

20. The inter-electrode communication portion is inter-electrode through holes arranged in an out-of-plane direction of the frame; a first inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the first electrode reservoir; and a second inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the second electrode reservoir; the injection hole is configured to allow the liquid electrode to flow into both the first inter-electrode channel and the second inter-electrode channel; 16. The battery of claim 15.

21. The inter-electrode communication portion is inter-electrode through holes arranged in an out-of-plane direction of the frame; a first inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the first electrode reservoir; and a second inter-electrode channel fluidly connecting the inter-electrode through-hole and the second electrode reservoir; the injection hole is connected to the inter-electrode through-hole; 16. The battery of claim 15.

22. a first current collector electrically connected to the first liquid electrode; a second current collector electrically connected to the second liquid electrode; a first adhesive member forming a bond between the first current collector and the frame; and a second adhesive member that forms a bond between the second current collector and the frame; the injection hole is disposed between the first adhesive member and the second adhesive member. The battery of claim 1 .

23. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the injection hole is located flush with the separator.

24. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the injection hole is located at a boundary region between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir.

25. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the injection hole branches to connect to the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir.

26. a first liquid electrode at which a first half-reaction takes place; a second liquid electrode at which a second half-reaction takes place; a separation membrane disposed between the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode; a frame supporting the separation membrane; and an injection hole disposed in an in-plane direction of the frame, through which the first liquid electrode and the second liquid electrode are injected from outside the battery; Including batteries.

27. a first current collector; a second current collector spaced apart from the first current collector; a separator disposed between the first current collector and the second current collector; a frame defining a first electrode reservoir between the first current collector and the separator, and a second electrode reservoir between the second current collector and the separator; an injection hole disposed in the frame between the first current collector and the second current collector, the injection hole being in fluid communication with the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir; and a sealing member configured to close the injection hole; Including batteries.

28. 1. A method of injecting a liquid electrode into a battery comprising: a first current collector; a second current collector spaced apart from the first current collector; a frame forming a first electrode reservoir and a second electrode reservoir; and a separator membrane disposed between the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir and bonded to the frame, the method comprising: a frame is disposed between the first current collector and the second current collector, and a liquid electrode is injected through an injection hole that is in fluid communication with the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir; A method comprising:

29. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the liquid electrode is injected into the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir in an amount that causes a first half-reaction in the first electrode reservoir and a second half-reaction in the second electrode reservoir, and then the injection hole is closed with a sealing member.

30. a first current collector; a second current collector spaced apart from the first current collector; a separator disposed between the first current collector and the second current collector; a frame forming a first electrode reservoir between the first current collector and the separator and a second electrode reservoir between the second current collector and the separator; and means for injecting the first electrode reservoir and the second electrode reservoir with a liquid electrode; Including batteries.

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