Ship and trailer fastening system

Abstract

To reduce a burden of loading work, and to restrain reduction in space efficiency of a vehicle deck.SOLUTION: A ship includes a hull, a vehicle deck provided on the hull and capable of mounting a plurality of trailers of a semi-trailer side by side in a longitudinal direction of the trailer in a state where a trailer support that supports a front portion of the trailer from below is attached, and an engaging tool provided on the vehicle deck and capable of engaging with a twist lock provided at a lower end of the trailer support by inserting the twist lock and rotating the twist lock around an axis extending in a vertical direction. The engagement tool includes a groove which extends in the longitudinal direction of the trailer and into and from which the twist lock in an unlocked position can be vertically inserted and removed, and a restriction portion which restricts upward displacement of the twist lock by abutting against the twist lock when the twist lock inserted into the groove is rotated and the twist lock is set to a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trailer, and a length of the groove is twice or more a length of the twist lock in the longitudinal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a marine trailer securing system. [Background technology]

[0002] Vessels such as car ferries and RO-RO ships may carry only the trailer of a semi-trailer as cargo. The semi-trailer is towed by a tractor to the vehicle deck on the ship, and then detached from the tractor at a designated position on the vehicle deck.

[0003] The trailer's trailer stand is equipped with landing gear to maintain the height of the front of the trailer when the tractor is uncoupled. However, this landing gear is designed for use on land and may not be strong enough to withstand the motion of the ship's hull. Therefore, the front of the trailer mounted on the vehicle deck must be supported from below by a special component such as a trailer dolly. Furthermore, semi-trailer trailers are secured to the hull of the ship at multiple points with lashing belts to prevent them from skidding during the voyage, which requires manpower and time.

[0004] Meanwhile, Patent Document 1 proposes a technology for securing the front of a trailer to a vehicle deck using an inverted U-shaped trailer support. The trailer support in Patent Document 1 includes a support body attached to the underside of the front end of the trailer and a locking device for locking the lower end of the support body to the vehicle deck. The support body has a connecting portion that extends in the vehicle width direction of the trailer and is connected to the trailer, and a pair of legs that extend downward from both ends of the connecting portion in the vehicle width direction. The locking device is provided at each of the lower ends of the pair of legs and includes a twist-lock type locking member. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2000-505394 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Meanwhile, a vessel on which the trailer support described in Patent Document 1 can be used is provided with an engaging device (recessed through track) at a predetermined position on the vehicle deck with which a locking member of a locking device can engage. The engaging device has an opening that penetrates the vehicle deck from top to bottom. The locking member is inserted into the underside of the vehicle deck through this opening and then rotated (twisted) around a vertical axis to engage with the engaging device. A plurality of such engaging members are provided in the bow and stern directions at regular intervals that are set in accordance with the standard length of trailers in Europe, for example.

[0007] However, trailers loaded at predetermined positions on the vehicle deck may be shorter than the standard length. When trailers shorter than the standard length are loaded together, if trailer supports are used to secure the trailers to the engaging devices provided at regular intervals, unnecessary gaps will be created between the trailers and adjacent trailers in the front and rear, resulting in a problem of reduced space efficiency on the vehicle deck compared to the belt lashing method.

[0008] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a ship and trailer securing system that can reduce the burden of loading work and prevent a decrease in space efficiency on the vehicle deck. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the vessel according to the present disclosure includes a hull, a vehicle deck, and an engaging device. The vehicle deck is provided on the hull. The vehicle deck is capable of carrying multiple semi-trailer trailers lined up in the longitudinal direction of the trailer, with a trailer support attached that supports the front of the trailer from below. The engaging device is provided on the vehicle deck. The engaging device can be engaged by inserting a twist lock provided at the lower end of the trailer support and rotating it about an axis extending in the vertical direction. The engaging device has a groove and a restricting portion. The groove allows the twist lock, which is in an unlocked position extending in the longitudinal direction of the trailer, to be inserted and removed vertically. The restricting portion abuts against the twist lock when the twist lock inserted in the groove is rotated to a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trailer, thereby restricting upward displacement of the twist lock. The length of the groove is at least twice the longitudinal length of the twist lock.

[0010] The trailer securing system according to the present disclosure includes a trailer support and an engaging device. The trailer support is detachably attached to the underside of the front end of a trailer loaded on a vehicle deck provided within the hull of a ship. The engaging device is provided on the vehicle deck. The trailer support includes a support body and a twist lock. The support body is interposed between the front end of the trailer and the vehicle deck and supports the front end of the trailer from below. The twist lock is provided on the lower end of the support body. The engaging device includes a groove and a restricting portion. The groove allows the twist lock, which is in an unlocked position extending in the longitudinal direction of the trailer, to be inserted and removed vertically. When the twist lock inserted in the groove is rotated to a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trailer, the restricting portion abuts against the twist lock, thereby restricting upward displacement of the twist lock. The length of the groove is at least twice the longitudinal length of the twist lock. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The ship and trailer securing system disclosed herein can reduce the burden of loading work and prevent a decrease in the space efficiency of the vehicle deck. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a vessel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of a trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 is a view of a trailer support of a trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from the extension direction of the trailer. [Figure 5] 5 is a view of the trailer support of FIG. 4 as seen from the width direction of the trailer. [Figure 6] 1 is a side view showing a trailer equipped with a trailer support according to an embodiment of the present disclosure being towed by a tractor dedicated to loading. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating an example of a vehicle deck on which engaging devices of a trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are arranged. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an engaging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] 9 is a plan view showing a state in which a twist lock of a trailer support is inserted into an engaging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a manner different from that shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a first modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a second modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a third modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a fourth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an engaging member in a fifth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a sixth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, a boat and trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13. FIG. (ship) The trailer securing system according to this embodiment can be applied to ships such as car ferries and RO-RO ships (roll-on / roll-off ships) that can transport cars and trucks as cargo. In this embodiment, a RO-RO ship will be used as an example of the ship.

[0014] As shown in Figure 1, the RO-RO ship 1 comprises a hull 2 ​​and a superstructure 3. The hull 2 ​​has sides 4, a bottom 5, and multiple decks 10. The sides 4 have a pair of side shell plates that form the port and starboard sides, respectively. The bottom 5 has a bottom shell plate that connects the sides 4. The superstructure 3 is formed on the upper deck 10B of the hull 2, and comprises a bridge 3A and accommodation areas 3B.

[0015] The hull 2 ​​in this embodiment is equipped with two shore ramps 12 for loading and unloading cargo such as vehicles. The vessel 1 is illustrated as having shore ramps 12 (stern ramp 12A and center ramp 12B) at the stern 2A and at a midpoint in the fore-aft direction FA on the starboard side 4. These shore ramps 12 are connected to the freeboard deck 10A, which is a boarding deck located on the middle level of the decks 10 of the hull 2, which are formed in layers.

[0016] When these shore ramps 12 are folded down and deployed, vehicles such as passenger cars and trucks can drive themselves from the quay via the shore ramps 12 and enter the freeboard deck 10A. The vehicles (not shown) on board are loaded into predetermined positions on the vehicle deck 10C of a predetermined level, for example, via rampways 13, which are ramps connecting adjacent decks 10 above and below.

[0017] (semi-trailer) FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 2, the semi-trailer 20 includes a towed vehicle (hereinafter simply referred to as a trailer 21) that cannot travel on its own, and a towing vehicle (hereinafter simply referred to as a tractor 22). The vessel 1 of this embodiment is capable of transporting the trailer 21 alone as cargo.

[0018] The trailer 21 illustrated in this embodiment is a van-type trailer, and includes at least a trailer frame 24, a box body 25, trailer wheels 26, landing gear 27, and a kingpin 28. In the following description, the longitudinal direction of the semi-trailer 20 is referred to as the extension direction Da, the width direction of the semi-trailer 20 as the vehicle width direction Db, and the up-down direction of the semi-trailer 20 as the up-down direction Dc. In the following description, "front" and "rear" mean "front" and "rear" in the extension direction Da.

[0019] The trailer cradle 24 supports the box body 25 from below. The trailer cradle 24 extends in the extension direction Da. The box body 25 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape with a longitudinal direction in the extension direction Da and has a space therein for accommodating cargo. The box body 25 is fixed on the trailer cradle 24. The trailer wheels 26 support the rear of the trailer cradle 24 from below and are rotatable around a rotation axis extending in the vehicle width direction Db. Note that, although the present embodiment illustrates a case in which the box body 25 is mounted on the trailer cradle 24, the shape is not limited to a box shape and may be modified as appropriate, such as a shape with an open top or a tank shape. Furthermore, although the present embodiment illustrates a case in which two pairs of trailer wheels 26 are arranged side by side, front and rear, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The number and arrangement of the trailer wheels 26 may be modified as appropriate.

[0020] The landing gear 27 supports the trailer 21 from below and maintains the height position of the front of the trailer 21 when the trailer 21 is separated from the tractor 22 (hereinafter simply referred to as "during separation"). The landing gear 27 is disposed on both sides of the trailer frame 24 in the vehicle width direction Db and is extendable in the up-down direction Dc. The landing gear 27 is in a contracted state when the tractor 22 and the trailer 21 are coupled together (hereinafter simply referred to as "during coupling") and is in an extended state when the tractor 22 and the trailer 21 are separated from each other. In this embodiment, the landing gear 27 is disposed between the center position of the trailer 21 and the kingpin 28 in the extension direction Da. Note that in FIG. 2, the landing gear 27 in the extended state is indicated by a dashed line.

[0021] The kingpin 28 can be connected to a coupler 29 (described later) arranged on the upper rear surface of the tractor 22. The kingpin 28 has a pillar shape that protrudes downward from the lower front surface of the trailer frame 24, which is located above the rear of the tractor 22 when connected.

[0022] The tractor 22 of this embodiment includes at least a chassis 31, a cab 32, tractor wheels 33, and a coupler 29. The chassis 31 extends in the extension direction Da. The rear of the chassis 31 is located below the front of the trailer frame 24 when coupled. The cab 32 is located at the front of the chassis 31 and forms a driver's cab. In this embodiment, the cab 32 of the tractor 22 is a so-called cab-over type that is located above a traveling engine (not shown). Tractor wheels 33 are provided at the front and rear of the chassis 31. In this embodiment, of the tractor wheels 33, a pair provided at the front of the chassis 31 serve as steering wheels, and a pair provided at the rear serve as drive wheels.

[0023] The coupler 29 is disposed on the upper rear surface of the chassis 31. The kingpin 28 can be inserted into and removed from the coupler 29 from the rear of the tractor 22. Furthermore, by performing a predetermined operation with the kingpin 28 inserted, the coupler 29 can be put into a locked state in which the kingpin 28 cannot be removed. In the locked state, the coupler 29 allows the kingpin 28 to rotate about its axis, while restricting the kingpin 28 from being displaced relative to the coupler 29 in the extension direction Da, the vehicle width direction Db, and the up-down direction Dc.

[0024] The trailer 21 having the above configuration travels on the road as a semi-trailer 20 towed by the tractor 22 and is brought to a quay. When the semi-trailer 20 arrives at the quay, the landing gear 27 is extended from its retracted state, and the coupler 29 is put into an unlocked state that allows the kingpin 28 to be removed. Furthermore, in this state, the tractor 22 is driven forward. This separates the tractor 22 from the trailer 21, and the trailer 21 becomes self-supporting via the landing gear 27. Thereafter, before the trailer 21 is loaded onto the ship 1, a trailer support 80, which will be described later, is attached to the trailer 21.

[0025] (Trailer securing system) Fig. 3 is a side view of a trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a view of a trailer support of the trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as viewed from the extension direction of the trailer. Fig. 5 is a view of the trailer support of Fig. 4, as viewed from the vehicle width direction of the trailer. As shown in FIG. 3, the trailer securing system 40 includes a trailer support 80 and an engaging device 100.

[0026] (Trailer support) The trailer support 80 is detachably attached to the front end of the trailer 21. The trailer support 80 supports the trailer frame 24 at the front end of the trailer 21 from below. The trailer support 80 supports the load of the trailer 21 parked at a predetermined loading position on the vehicle deck 10C in place of the landing gear 27. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the trailer support 80 has at least a support body 81 and a twist lock 82.

[0027] 4, the support body 81 has an inverted U-shape when viewed from the extension direction Da. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support body 81 has a connecting portion 83 and a pair of leg portions 84. The connecting portion 83 is plate-shaped and extends along a plane intersecting the vertical direction Dc. When viewed in the vertical direction Dc, the connecting portion 83 has a rectangular shape extending in the vehicle width direction Db. A coupler 86 is provided on the connecting portion 83. The coupler 86 is detachably connected to a kingpin 28 provided on the underside of the trailer frame 24. This coupler 86 may have the same configuration as the coupler 29 provided on the tractor 22, but is not limited to having the same configuration as the coupler 29 of the tractor 22, as long as it is detachably connected to the kingpin 28 of the trailer 21. When the coupler 86 is connected to the kingpin 28, the connecting portion 83 supports the trailer frame 24 of the trailer 21 from below. A pair of legs 84 extend downward from both ends of the connecting portion 83 in the vehicle width direction Db. When viewed in the vertical direction Dc, each leg 84 has a rectangular cross section extending in the extension direction Da. The support body 81 is formed so as to be able to stand on its own on the vehicle deck 10C by means of a pair of legs 84.

[0028] Additionally, a support kingpin 85 is provided below the connecting portion 83. The support kingpin 85 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the connecting portion 83. This support kingpin 85 is formed so that it can be connected to a coupler 29T provided on a dedicated tractor 22T called a Tag Master, which will be described later. The support kingpin 85 in this embodiment has the same shape as the kingpin 28 provided on the trailer 21, but it does not necessarily have to have the same shape as long as it can be connected to the coupler 29T of the tractor 22T.

[0029] A twist lock 82 is provided at the lower end of each of the pair of leg portions 84. As shown in Fig. 5, in this embodiment, the twist locks 82 are provided two by two, side by side with a gap in the extension direction Da, on each of the pair of leg portions 84. In other words, four twist locks 82 are provided per support 81.

[0030] The twist lock 82 has a rectangular or oval shape when viewed in the vertical direction Dc. The twist lock 82 is provided to protrude downward from the lower end of the leg portion 84. The twist lock 82 is provided at the lower end of the shaft 87. The shaft 87 is provided within the pair of legs 84 and extends in the vertical direction Dc. The shaft 87 is provided to be rotatable about an axis C extending in the vertical direction Dc, and is made rotatable about the axis C by an appropriate drive mechanism using hydraulics or the like. Furthermore, the shaft 87 is provided to be able to be raised and lowered in the vertical direction Dc. The shaft 87 can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction Dc by an appropriate drive mechanism using hydraulics or the like. The twist lock 82 can be rotated around the axis C together with the shaft 87 to move between an unlocked position in which the longitudinal direction of the twist lock 82 is aligned with the extension direction Da and a locked position in which the longitudinal direction of the twist lock 82 is aligned with the vehicle width direction Db.

[0031] FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state in which a trailer equipped with a trailer support according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is towed by a tractor dedicated to loading. As shown in Figure 6, a trailer support 80, which is pre-attached to a tractor 22T called a tugmaster and is dedicated to loading onto the ship 1, is attached to the front end of the trailer 21. The trailer 21 is towed by the tractor 22T and carried into the ship 2 from the quay via the shore ramp 12.

[0032] The tractor 22T, like the tractor 22, is equipped with at least a chassis 31T, a cab 32, tractor wheels 33, and a coupler 29T. The rear portion of the chassis 31T of the tractor 22T is formed at a height that allows it to be inserted below the front portion of the trailer frame 24 with the trailer support 80 attached.

[0033] The coupler 29T is disposed on the upper rear surface of the chassis 31T. The coupler 29T allows the support kingpin 85 to be inserted into and removed from the rear of the tractor 22T. Furthermore, by performing a predetermined operation with the support kingpin 85 inserted, the coupler 29T can be placed in a locked state in which the support kingpin 85 cannot be removed. In the locked state, the coupler 29T allows the support kingpin 85 to rotate about its axis, while restricting the support kingpin 85 from being displaced relative to the coupler 29T in the extension direction Da, the vehicle width direction Db, and the up-down direction Dc.

[0034] (Engagement tool) FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating an example of a vehicle deck on which engaging devices of a trailer securing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are arranged. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of engaging devices 100 are provided on the vehicle deck 10C. These engaging devices 100 are embedded in the vehicle deck 10C so as not to interfere with vehicle travel on the vehicle deck 10C. Loading lanes 10s are provided on the vehicle deck 10C, allowing a plurality of trailers 21 to be loaded side by side in the extension direction Da with trailer supports 80 attached. In this embodiment, the loading lanes 10s extend in the fore-aft direction FA of the hull 2. The loading lanes 10s may also extend in the ship's width direction W. In this embodiment, a plurality of loading lanes 10s are provided on the vehicle deck 10C, spaced apart in the ship's width direction W. The engaging devices 100 are provided in pairs on both sides of the ship's width direction W in each loading lane 10s. The positions of the engaging devices 100 in the fore-and-aft direction FA in the loading lanes 10s may be the same or different among multiple loading lanes 10s.

[0035] Fig. 8 is a plan view showing an engaging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in Fig. 8. 8 and 9, the engaging device 100 has a groove plate 101, a pair of side plates 102, a pair of end plates 103, a bottom plate 104, and a stopper 108. The engaging device 100 can secure the trailer support 80 by inserting a twist lock 82 provided at the lower end of the trailer support 80 into the engaging device 100 and rotating it about an axis C extending in the up-down direction Dc to a locked position.

[0036] The channel plate 101 in this embodiment is provided so as to be continuous with the car deck 10C by being welded to a hole formed in a part of the car deck 10C. A groove 105 is formed in the groove plate 101. As shown in FIG. 8 , the groove 105 has, for example, an oval shape when viewed in the vertical direction Dc, and extends in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21 loaded on the loading lane 10s. The groove 105 may also have a rectangular shape when viewed in the vertical direction Dc. The length Lm of the groove 105 in the extension direction Da is greater than the width Wm in the vehicle width direction Db. The width Wm of the groove 105 is greater than the width Wr of the twist lock 82 in the short side direction. This allows the twist lock 82, which is in the unlocked position extending in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, to be inserted and removed vertically into and from the groove 105.

[0037] The length Lm of each groove 105 is at least twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82. The length Lm of each groove 105 exemplified in this embodiment is greater than the sum of twice the longitudinal length Lr of each twist lock 82 and the length S of the gap between two twist locks 82 that are in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. It is preferable that the length Lm of each groove 105 be greater by, for example, about 20 mm to 50 mm than the sum (Lr × 2 + S) of twice the length Lr and the gap length S.

[0038] 9, the underside of groove plate 101 forms restricting portion 101f. When twist lock 82 inserted into groove 105 is rotated to a locked position extending in vehicle width direction Db that intersects with extension direction Da of trailer 21, restricting portion 101f abuts against twist lock 82, thereby restricting upward displacement of twist lock 82.

[0039] A pair of side plates 102, a pair of end plates 103, and a bottom plate 104 are provided below the groove plate 101. The pair of side plates 102 are provided at a distance from each other in the vehicle width direction Db. When viewed from the up-down direction Dc, the pair of side plates 102 are arranged on both sides of the groove 105 in the vehicle width direction Db. Each side plate 102 extends downward from the groove plate 101. 8, the pair of end plates 103 connect both ends of the pair of side plates 102 in the extension direction Da. In this embodiment, each end plate 103 is formed, for example, in an arc shape when viewed from the up-down direction Dc. Each end plate 103 may also extend linearly in the vehicle width direction Db when viewed from the up-down direction Dc. 9, the bottom plate 104 is provided below the groove plate 101 with a gap therebetween and parallel to the groove plate 101. The bottom plate 104 connects the lower ends of the pair of side plates 102 and the lower ends of the pair of end plates 103.

[0040] In such an engaging device 100, a space 100s surrounded by a pair of side plates 102, a pair of end plates 103, and a bottom plate 104 is formed below the groove plate 101. By placing the twist lock 82 in the unlocked position with its longitudinal direction aligned with the extension direction Da of the trailer 21 relative to the engaging device 100, the twist lock 82 can be inserted into and removed from the groove 105. When the twist lock 82 is inserted through the groove 105 to a position below the groove plate 101 and rotated around the axis C extending in the up-down direction Dc to the locked position, the restricting portion 101f restricts the upward displacement of the twist lock 82, and the trailer support 80 engages with the engaging device 100.

[0041] The stopper 108 is provided at the middle of the direction in which the groove 105 extends (extension direction Da) when viewed from above. In this embodiment, for example, two stoppers 108 are provided at an interval in the extension direction Da. The stoppers 108 are provided at positions overlapping the grooves 105 when viewed from above. Each stopper 108 extends in the vehicle width direction Db, which intersects with the direction in which the grooves 105 extend, below the groove plate 101. Both ends of each stopper 108 are welded to, for example, a pair of side plates 102. The stoppers 108 divide the groove 105 into multiple sections when viewed from above. The stoppers 108 restrict movement of the twist lock 82 inserted in the groove 105 in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend (extension direction Da).

[0042] As shown in Fig. 7, in this embodiment, the engaging devices 100 are provided in pairs spaced apart on both sides of the loading lane 10s in the vehicle width direction Db, and multiple pairs are arranged at intervals in the extension direction Da. In each loading lane 10s of this embodiment, an engaging device group 100G is formed, where multiple pairs of engaging devices 100 are arranged in the extension direction Da. In this embodiment, the engaging device group 100G is formed by arranging three pairs of engaging devices 100 in the extension direction Da. The engaging device group 100G, which includes multiple pairs of engaging devices 100, can be arranged over a length A of, for example, 2 m to 4 m in the extension direction Da.

[0043] 8, in each locking device group 100G, the distance X between the grooves 105 of adjacent locking devices 100 in the extension direction Da is less than the distance S between the two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position arranged side by side in the extension direction Da. This allows the two twist locks 82 on one leg 84 to be inserted into and engaged with the two grooves 105 arranged side by side in the extension direction Da.

[0044] 7, a plurality of such engaging element groups 100G are arranged at intervals in the extension direction Da on the loading lane 10s. The interval D between the plurality of engaging element groups 100G in the extension direction Da is preferably, for example, 8 m to 11 m.

[0045] (Method of securing a trailer in a trailer securing system) As shown in Figure 3, a tractor 22T equipped with the trailer support 80 described above tows a trailer 21 and moves it via a rampway 13, which is a slope, to a vehicle deck 10C on a predetermined level of the deck 10, where the trailer 21 will be loaded. When the trailer 21 arrives at the vehicle deck 10C on the predetermined level, the pair of legs 84 of the trailer support 80 are placed on the vehicle deck 10C at the predetermined loading position, and the multiple twist locks 82 are inserted into the grooves 105 of the engaging devices 100. At this time, the twist locks 82 are placed in the unlocked position.

[0046] Next, when the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 is rotated around the axis C by a drive mechanism (not shown), the twist lock 82 is restricted from moving upward. At this time, the twist lock 82 presses against the lower surface of the groove plate 101 from below, preventing the twist lock 82 from sliding in the extension direction Da. As a result, the front of the trailer 21 is supported from below by the trailer support 80, and the trailer support 80 engages with the engaging device 100. Therefore, the trailer 21 is secured to the vehicle deck 10C without the use of a lashing belt or the like.

[0047] After this, the coupler 29T of the tractor 22T is unlocked from the support kingpin 85, the tractor 22T is moved forward, and the support kingpin 85 is pulled out from the coupler 29T. This separates the tractor 22T from the trailer support 80. Then, the tractor 22T, having been separated from the trailer 21, disembarks through the shore ramp 12.

[0048] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state in which a twist lock of a trailer support is inserted into an engaging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a manner different from that shown in FIG. When inserting the twist locks 82 of the trailer support 80 into the grooves 105 of the engaging devices 100, at least one of the multiple engaging devices 100 of the engaging device group 100G is selected depending on the length of the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. In this case, as shown in Figure 8, two twist locks 82 aligned in the extension direction Da may be inserted into the groove 105 of one of the multiple engaging devices 100 of the engaging device group 100G, or as shown in Figure 10, two twist locks 82 aligned in the extension direction Da may be inserted into the grooves 105 of two engaging devices 100 adjacent in the extension direction Da among the multiple engaging devices 100 of the engaging device group 100G, one each.

[0049] (Action and effect) In the vessel 1 and trailer securing system 40 of the above embodiment, the front of the trailer 21 is supported from below by the trailer support 80, and the trailer support 80 is engaged with the engaging device 100, so the trailer 21 can be easily secured to the vehicle deck 10C without using lashing belts or the like. This reduces the burden of loading work. Furthermore, because the length Lm of the groove 105 of the engaging device 100 is more than twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82, the range over which the twist lock 82 can be inserted into the groove 105 is longer in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. This increases the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is secured to the vehicle deck 10C. Therefore, when trailers 21 shorter than the standard length are loaded, it is possible to prevent unnecessary gaps from being created between adjacent trailers 21 in the front and rear. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the space efficiency of the vehicle deck 10C.

[0050] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the length Lm of the groove 105 is greater than the sum of twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82 and the length S of the gap between two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. Therefore, the range over which the two twist locks 82 can be inserted into the groove 105 is longer in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, increasing the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is fixed to the vehicle deck 10C.

[0051] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the length X between the grooves 105 of adjacent engaging devices 100 in the extension direction of the grooves 105 is less than or equal to the length S of the gap between two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. This allows two twist locks 82 to be inserted into and engaged with both grooves 105 of two engaging devices 100 that are adjacent in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend. In this way, by engaging one trailer support 80 so that it straddles engaging devices 100 that are adjacent in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend, the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is fixed to the vehicle deck 10C is further increased.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the engaging device 100 has a groove plate 101, a pair of side plates 102, and a bottom plate 104, and is formed in a box shape when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the trailer 21. This makes it possible to easily perform maintenance within the space 100s.

[0053] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the engaging device 100 is provided with a stopper 108, which can restrict movement of the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 in the extension direction of the groove 105. In particular, in a configuration in which the groove 105 is formed long to increase the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is fixed to the vehicle deck 10C, even if the twist lock 82 in the locked position slides in the extension direction of the groove 105, the amount of sliding of the twist lock 82 can be reduced, making it possible to prevent the trailer 21 from shifting position in the extension direction Da.

[0054] (First Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a first modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, the stopper 108 is attached to the engaging member 100 by welding, but the present invention is not limited to this. 11, the stopper 108 of the engaging device 100B may be detachably attached to the groove plate 101 by a bolt 109. Furthermore, when the stopper 108 is detachably attached to the groove plate 101 by the bolt 109, the groove plate 101 may be provided with a plurality of bolt insertion holes 101h spaced apart in the extension direction Da. This makes it possible to change the attachment position of the stopper 108 in the extension direction of the groove 105 depending on the position of the bolt insertion hole 101h by appropriately selecting the bolt insertion hole 101h through which the bolt 109 is inserted.

[0055] (Second Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a second modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, the stopper 108 is used to restrict the movement of the twist lock 82 in the direction in which the groove 105 extends, but this is not limitative. For example, as in a second modified example shown in Fig. 12, a pair of side plates 102 of an engaging device 100C may be provided with a plurality of protrusions 102s spaced apart in the extension direction (extension direction Da) of the groove 105. Each protrusion 102s protrudes inward in the width direction (vehicle width direction Db) of the groove 105. The position of the protrusion 102s formed on one side plate 102 in the extension direction Da coincides with the position of the protrusion 102s formed on the other side plate 102 in the extension direction Da. In other words, the plurality of protrusions 102s formed on one side plate 102 and the plurality of protrusions 102s formed on the other side plate 102 are arranged to face each other in the vehicle width direction Db. Furthermore, in this second modified example, the space between adjacent convex portions 102s in the extension direction Da is formed as an arc-shaped curved surface 102w when viewed from above so as not to interfere with the twist lock 82 when the twist lock 82 is rotated around the axis C.

[0056] In this way, by providing multiple protrusions 102s on the pair of side plates 102, when the twist lock 82 in the locked position tries to slide (move) in the direction of extension of the groove 105, the twist lock 82 hits the protrusions 102s. Therefore, the twist lock 82 is restricted from sliding in the direction of extension of the groove 105 without using a removable stopper 108. This makes it possible to efficiently prevent the trailer 21 from shifting in the extension direction Da while suppressing an increase in the number of parts, even in a configuration in which the groove 105 is formed long to increase the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is fixed to the vehicle deck 10C.

[0057] (Third Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a third modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, as in a third modified example shown in Fig. 13, the curved surface 102w of the second modified example may be omitted by simply providing a plurality of protrusions 102t at intervals in the extension direction (extension direction Da) of the groove 105 on a pair of side plates 102 of the engaging device 100D. Each of the protrusions 102t in this third modified example protrudes inward in the width direction of the groove 105 and has, for example, a semicircular shape when viewed from above. Note that the shape of the protrusions 102t is not limited to a semicircular shape and may be, for example, a triangular shape or a rectangular shape when viewed from above. In this way, by providing multiple protrusions 102t on a pair of side plates 102, as in the second modified example, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of parts while restricting the twist lock 82, which has a simpler shape than the first modified example and is set in the locked position, from sliding (moving) in the direction in which the groove 105 extends.

[0058] (Fourth Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a fourth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, the engaging element group 100G is configured by a plurality of sets of engaging elements 100, but this is not limitative. For example, as in a fourth modified example shown in FIG. 14 , the engaging element group 100G may include only one set of grooves 105E having a length equal to or greater than the total length of the engaging elements 100 arranged in the extension direction Da in the above embodiment. When the total length of the engaging elements 100 arranged in the extension direction Da is used, the groove 105E may have a length Lm2 of, for example, 2 m to 4 m in the extension direction Da. Furthermore, when the total length of the engaging elements 100 arranged in the extension direction Da is greater than the total length, the groove 105E may have the maximum length within the range that can be installed on the loading lane 10s. When the groove 105E has the maximum length, one engaging element group 100G including one set of grooves 105E is provided on one loading lane 10s.

[0059] (Fifth Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a fifth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, the engaging device 100 is configured to include the groove plate 101, the pair of side plates 102, the pair of end plates 103, and the bottom plate 104, but is not limited to this. For example, when the engaging device 100F of the fifth embodiment shown in Figure 15 is placed adjacent to a member 2m that forms the hull structure, such as a bulkhead, girder, or longitudinal member that constitutes the hull 2, the side panel 102, for example, may be formed by the member 2m.

[0060] (Sixth Modification of the Embodiment) FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an engaging member in a sixth modified example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, each engaging member 100 has a box structure formed by the groove plate 101, the pair of side plates 102, the pair of end plates 103, and the bottom plate 104, but is not limited to this. For example, as in a sixth modified example shown in FIG. 16 , a space 100s may be formed by a pair of side plates 102G and a bottom plate 104G so as to straddle the undersides of the engaging devices 100 of adjacent loading lanes 10s in the vehicle width direction Db (ship width direction W). In this case, the pair of side plates 102G extend downward from each of the groove plates 101 of the engaging devices 100 adjacent in the vehicle width direction Db. The bottom plate 104G connects the lower ends of the pair of side plates 102G to each other. By appropriately setting the height of the pair of side plates 102G in the up-down direction Dc and the width of the bottom plate 104G in the vehicle width direction Db, it is possible to make the space 100s large enough for workers to enter.

[0061] <Additional Notes> The boat 1 and the trailer securing system 40 according to the embodiment can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0062] (1) A vessel 1 according to a first aspect comprises a hull 2, a vehicle deck 10C provided on the hull 2 ​​and capable of loading a plurality of trailers 21 of semi-trailers 20 in a line in the extension direction Da of the trailers 21 with trailer supports 80 attached thereto that support the front portions of the trailers 21 from below, and an engaging device 100 provided on the vehicle deck 10C that can be engaged by inserting a twist lock 82 provided at the lower end of the trailer support 80 and rotating it around an axis C extending in the up-down direction Dc. The engaging device 100 is provided to the trailer support 80. The trailer 21 has a groove 105 into which the twist lock 82, which is in an unlocked position extending in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, can be inserted and removed vertically, and a regulating portion 101f that abuts against the twist lock 82 to regulate the upward displacement of the twist lock 82 when the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 is rotated to be in a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, and the length Lm of the groove 105 is at least twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82.

[0063] The vessel 1 is equipped with an engaging device 100 that can engage a twist lock 82 provided at the lower end of a trailer support 80. The trailer support 80 is attached to the front of the trailer 21 of the semi-trailer 20. The twist lock 82 provided at the lower end of the trailer support 80 can be inserted into a groove 105 of the engaging device 100 by setting the twist lock 82 at the unlocked position in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. When the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 is rotated around an axis C extending in the up-down direction Dc, the twist lock 82 abuts against the restricting portion 101f of the engaging device 100, thereby restricting upward displacement of the twist lock 82. As a result, the trailer support 80 engages with the engaging device 100 while supporting the front of the trailer 21 from below. Therefore, the trailer 21 can be secured to the vehicle deck 10C without using a lashing belt or the like. Because the length Lm of the groove 105 of the engaging device 100 is more than twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82, the range over which the twist lock 82 can be inserted into the groove 105 is longer in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. This increases the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is secured to the vehicle deck 10C. As a result, the burden of loading work can be reduced and a decrease in the space efficiency of the vehicle deck 10C can be prevented.

[0064] (2) The vessel 1 according to the second aspect is the vessel 1 of (1), wherein the trailer support 80 has two twist locks 82 arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, and the length Lm of the groove 105 is greater than the sum of twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82 and the length S of the gap between the two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21.

[0065] With this configuration, the length Lm of the groove 105 is greater than the sum of twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist locks 82 and the length between two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. As a result, the range over which the two twist locks 82 can be inserted into the groove 105 is longer in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, increasing the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is secured to the vehicle deck 10C.

[0066] (3) The vessel 1 according to the third aspect is the vessel 1 of (2), wherein the engaging devices 100 are arranged in a row in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend, and the length X between the grooves 105 of the engaging devices 100 adjacent to each other in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend is less than or equal to the length S of the gap between the two twist locks 82 in the unlocked position and arranged in a row in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21.

[0067] This allows two twist locks 82 to be inserted into and engaged with both grooves 105 of two engaging devices 100 that are adjacent in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend. In this way, by engaging one trailer support 80 so that it straddles engaging devices 100 that are adjacent in the direction in which the grooves 105 extend, the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is fixed to the vehicle deck 10C is further increased.

[0068] (4) The ship 1 according to the fourth aspect is any one of the ships 1 of (1) to (3), and the engaging device 100 has a groove plate 101 arranged along the vehicle deck 10C and having the groove 105 and the regulating portion 101f, a pair of side plates 102 arranged at a distance greater than the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82 and extending downward from the groove plate 101, and a bottom plate 104 connecting the lower ends of the pair of side plates 102.

[0069] As a result, because the engaging device 100 has a channel plate 101, a pair of side plates 102, and a bottom plate 104, when the twist lock 82 is inserted downward from above the channel plate 101 through the channel 105, it becomes rotatable about an axis C extending in the up-down direction Dc below the channel plate 101 within a space 100s surrounded by the pair of side plates 102 and the bottom plate 104. When the twist lock 82 is rotated about the axis C within the space 100s, the twist lock 82 abuts against a restricting portion 101f of the channel plate 101 from below, thereby restricting upward displacement. Furthermore, by making the engaging device 100 box-shaped when viewed from the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, maintenance within the space 100s can be easily performed.

[0070] (5) The vessel 1 according to the fifth aspect is the vessel 1 of (4), wherein the engaging device 100 is provided at the middle of the direction in which the groove 105 extends when viewed from above and at a position overlapping the groove 105, and further includes a stopper 108 extending below the groove plate 101 in a direction intersecting the direction in which the groove 105 extends, and restricting the movement of the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 in the direction in which the groove 105 extends.

[0071] As a result, stopper 108 provided on engaging device 100 restricts movement of twist lock 82 inserted into groove 105 in the extension direction of groove 105. Therefore, even in a configuration in which groove 105 is formed long to increase the degree of freedom in the position where trailer 21 is fixed to vehicle deck 10C, movement of twist lock 82 in the extension direction of groove 105 can be restricted, and positional displacement of trailer 21 in extension direction Da can be suppressed.

[0072] (6) The boat 1 according to a sixth aspect is the boat 1 of (5), wherein the stopper 108 is provided so that its position in the direction in which the groove 105 extends can be changed. This allows the position of the stopper 108 to be changed as desired.

[0073] (7) The vessel 1 according to the seventh aspect is any one of the vessels 1 of (4) to (6), wherein the pair of side plates 102 have a plurality of protrusions 102s, 102t that protrude inward in the width direction of the groove 105 at intervals in the direction in which the groove 105 extends.

[0074] As a result, by providing multiple protrusions 102s, 102t on the pair of side plates 102, it is possible to restrict movement of twist lock 82 in the locked position in the extension direction of groove 105. Therefore, even in a configuration in which groove 105 is formed long to increase the degree of freedom in the position at which trailer 21 is fixed to vehicle deck 10C, it is possible to restrict movement of twist lock 82 in the extension direction of groove 105 and prevent positional displacement of trailer 21 in the extension direction Da.

[0075] (8) A trailer securing system 40 according to an eighth aspect includes a trailer support 80 detachably attached to the underside of the front end of a trailer 21 loaded on a vehicle deck 10C provided within the hull 2 ​​of a vessel 1, and an engaging device 100 provided on the vehicle deck 10C. The trailer support 80 includes a support 81 interposed between the front end of the trailer 21 and the vehicle deck 10C and supporting the front end of the trailer 21 from below, and a twist lock 82 provided at the lower end of the support 81. , and the engaging device 100 has a groove 105 into which the twist lock 82 can be inserted and removed vertically, and a regulating portion 101f that abuts against the twist lock 82 to regulate upward displacement of the twist lock 82 when the twist lock 82 inserted into the groove 105 is rotated to set the twist lock 82 in a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the extension direction Da of the trailer 21, and the length Lm of the groove 105 is at least twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82.

[0076] This trailer securing system 40 can secure the trailer 21 to the vehicle deck 10C without using lashing belts or the like. Because the length Lm of the groove 105 of the engaging device 100 is more than twice the longitudinal length Lr of the twist lock 82, the range over which the twist lock 82 can be inserted into the groove 105 is longer in the extension direction Da of the trailer 21. This increases the degree of freedom in the position at which the trailer 21 is secured to the vehicle deck 10C. As a result, the burden of loading work can be reduced and a decrease in the space efficiency of the vehicle deck 10C can be prevented. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 1...Ship 2...Hull 2A…Stern 2m...component 3…Superstructure 3A…Funabashi 3B…Residence area 4...Side 5... Bottom of the ship 10...Deck 10A…Freeboard deck 10B…Upper deck 10C...Vehicle deck 10s...Loading lane 12...Shore Ramp 12A...Stern lamp 12B...Center lamp 13...Rampway 20...Semi-trailer 21...Trailer 22,22T...Tractor 24...Trailer stand 25…Box body 26...Trailer wheel 27...Landing gear 28...Kingpin 29, 29T, 86... Coupler 31, 31T...Chassis 32...Cab 33...Tractor wheel 40...Trailer securing system 80...Trailer support 81...Support 82...Twist Lock 83...Connection part 84...legs 85...Support kingpin 87...shaft 100, 100B~100F…Engagement tool 100G...Engagement tool group 100s…space 101…Groove plate 101f...Regulation Department 101h...Bolt insertion hole 102, 102G…Side plate 102s, 102t...convex part 103...End plate 104, 104G...bottom plate 105, 105E…Groove 108...Stopper 109...Bolt

Claims

1. The hull and A vehicle deck is provided on the hull and capable of loading multiple semi-trailer trailers in a longitudinal direction with trailer supports attached to the trailers that support the front of the trailers from below; An engaging device that is provided on the vehicle deck and can be engaged by inserting a twist lock provided at the lower end of the trailer support and rotating it around an axis extending in the vertical direction, The engaging member is a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the trailer into which the twist lock can be inserted and removed in an unlocked position; a restricting portion that restricts upward displacement of the twist lock by hitting the twist lock when the twist lock inserted in the groove is rotated to a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trailer, The length of the groove is at least twice the longitudinal length of the twist lock. ship.

2. The trailer support has two twist locks arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the trailer, The length of the groove is greater than twice the longitudinal length of the twist lock and the length of the gap between two twist locks in the unlocked position and positioned side by side in the longitudinal direction of the trailer.

2. The watercraft of claim 1.

3. The engaging members are provided in a plurality of rows in the extending direction of the groove, The length between the grooves of the engaging devices that are adjacent in the direction in which the grooves extend is equal to or less than the length between two of the twist locks that are in the unlocked position and arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the trailer.

3. The watercraft of claim 2.

4. The engaging member is A groove plate provided along the vehicle deck and having the groove and the regulating portion; a pair of side plates extending downward from the groove plate and spaced apart by a distance greater than the longitudinal length of the twist lock; a bottom plate connecting the lower ends of the pair of side plates to each other; 3. A vessel according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The engaging member is a stopper that is provided at the middle of the groove in the direction in which the groove extends when viewed from above and that is located at a position overlapping the groove, extends below the groove plate in a direction intersecting the direction in which the groove extends, and restricts movement of the twist lock inserted in the groove in the direction in which the groove extends.

5. A watercraft according to claim 4.

6. The stopper is provided so that its position in the extending direction of the groove can be changed.

6. A watercraft according to claim 5.

7. The pair of side plates have a plurality of protrusions that protrude inward in the width direction of the groove at intervals in the extending direction of the groove.

5. A watercraft according to claim 4.

8. a trailer support detachably attached to a lower side of a front end portion of a trailer loaded on a vehicle deck provided within the hull of the ship; An engagement tool provided on the vehicle deck, The trailer support is A support body interposed between the front end of the trailer and the vehicle deck and supporting the front end of the trailer from below; a twist lock provided at a lower end of the support, The engaging member is a groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the trailer into which the twist lock can be inserted and removed in an unlocked position; a restricting portion that restricts upward displacement of the twist lock by hitting the twist lock when the twist lock inserted in the groove is rotated to a locked position extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the trailer, The length of the groove is at least twice the longitudinal length of the twist lock. Trailer tie-down system.

Images