Combine harvester

Abstract

To reduce the frequency of maintenance work of a rotary blade by suppressing the collision of the rotary blade with a field surface.SOLUTION: A reaping and pre-processing device 3 is composed of a raking device 3A for raking crops of a field backward while erecting the crops, a rotary blade 22 for cutting roots of the raked crops, an auger device 3C for gathering the cut crops to one side, and a feeder-house 3D for conveying the gathered crops to a thresher 4, and a support shaft 25 extending in a lateral direction is provided on a lower wall of an auger frame 60 of the auger device 3C. A guide guide 31 for picking up and guiding a crop is arranged above a rotary blade 22, the rear part of a frame 21 extending in the longitudinal direction for supporting the rotary blade 22 is rotatably attached to a spindle 25, the uneven state of a field surface is reflected on the frame 21 to vertically rotate the frame 21, a part to be detected 2 is formed on the rear part of the frame 21 extending backward from the spindle 25, the swing angle of the part to be detected 2 is measured by a sensor 2 mounted on an auger frame 60, and the reaping pretreatment device 3 is lifted and lowered based on the measured value of the sensor 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a combine harvester that harvests, threshes, and sorts crops. [Background technology]

[0002] A conventional technique has been known in which a pre-harvest processing device is provided in front of the threshing device of a combine harvester, which comprises a raking device that raises the stalks in the field and raks them backward, a cutting device that cuts the roots of the raked-in crops, an auger device that gathers the cut crops to one side, and a feeder house that transports the gathered crops to the threshing device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-157280 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the technology of Patent Document 1, a detector that detects the unevenness of the field surface is installed below the auger device, so the pre-harvest treatment device is raised and lowered based on the unevenness of the field surface after the cutting device has passed. As a result, there is a discrepancy between the cutting position by the cutting device and the detected unevenness of the field surface, which raises the risk of the cutting device colliding with a convex part of the field.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a combine harvester that can prevent the cutting device from colliding with convex parts in a field and reduce the frequency of maintenance work for the cutting device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.

[0007] That is, in the invention described in claim 1, a combine harvester is provided with a traveling device (2) below a machine frame (1), a pre-harvesting treatment device (3) is provided in front of the machine frame (1), and a threshing device (4) is provided behind the pre-harvesting treatment device (3), and the pre-harvesting treatment device (3) is comprised of a raking device (3A) that raks crops in the field rearward while standing them up, a rotary blade (22) that cuts the roots of the raked crops, an auger device (3C) that gathers the cut crops to one side, and a feeder house (3D) that transports the gathered crops to the threshing device (4). a support shaft (25) extending in the left-right direction is provided on the lower wall of the auger frame (60) of the auger device (3C); a guide (31) for picking up and guiding the crop is arranged above the rotary blade (22); a frame (21) extending in the front-rear direction and supporting the rotary blade (22) has its rear portion rotatably attached to the support shaft (25); the frame (21) is configured to reflect the unevenness of the field surface in the frame (21) and rotate in the up-down direction; and a detection portion (26) extending rearward from the support shaft (25) is formed at the rear of the frame (21); The combine harvester is configured such that a sensor (27) attached to the auger frame (60) measures the swing angle of the detection part (26), and the pre-harvest treatment device (3) is raised and lowered based on the measurement value of the sensor (27).

[0008] In the invention described in claim 2, a cover (24) that covers the lower part of the frame (21) is provided on the lower side of the frame (21), and the lower part of the cover (24) is formed in an approximately straight line when viewed from the side, thereby forming a combine harvester as described in claim 1.

[0009] In the invention described in claim 3, the rear portion of the guide (31) is rotatably attached to a support shaft (34) extending in the left-right direction and provided on the rear upper side of the support shaft (25), and a sled (32) is formed on the lower side of the front portion of the guide (31), which is a combine described in claim 1 or 2. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] Since the present invention is configured as described above, in the invention of claim 1, the unevenness of the field surface is reflected on the frame (21) supporting the rotary blade (22), the detection target (26) is formed on the frame (21), the swing angle of the detection target (26) is measured by the sensor (27), and the elevation of the pre-harvest treatment device (3) is controlled based on the detected value of the sensor (27), so that the unevenness of the field surface can be quickly reflected. As a result, the rotary blade (22) is prevented from colliding with the field surface, and the frequency of maintenance work for the rotary blade (22) can be reduced.

[0011] In the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the cover (24) can accurately grasp the state of the field, and this state of the field can be quickly transmitted to the frame (21).

[0012] In the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the rear part of the guide (31) is rotatably attached to a support shaft (34) extending in the left-right direction and provided on the rear upper side of the support shaft (25), and a sled (32) is formed on the underside of the front part of the guide (31), so that the front part of the guide (31) can move up and down depending on the condition of the field, thereby accurately picking up crops. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] Combine harvester front view [Figure 2] Left side view of combine harvester [Figure 3] Top view of a combine harvester [Figure 4] Plan view of pre-harvest processing device [Figure 5] Left side view of pre-harvest treatment device [Figure 6] Perspective view of pre-harvest treatment device [Figure 7] Enlarged view of the rotary blade and lifter [Figure 8] Illustration of how to install the rotary blade [Figure 9] Enlarged view of the rotary blade and lifter [Figure 10] Plan view of pre-harvest processing device [Figure 11] Left side view of pre-harvest treatment device [Figure 12] Enlarged left side view of part of the grass division guide [Figure 13] Schematic diagram of four-ridge lifter device [Figure 14] Plan view of the display device DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a general-purpose combine harvester has a traveling device 2 consisting of a pair of left and right crawlers that travels on the soil surface, mounted on the underside of a body frame 1; a pre-harvesting device 3 that harvests crops in the field, mounted on the front side of the body frame 1; a threshing device 4 that threshers and sorts the harvested crops, mounted on the rear left side of the pre-harvesting device 3; and a control unit 5 on which an operator rides, mounted on the rear right side of the pre-harvesting device 3.

[0015] An engine room 6 that houses the engine is provided below the control unit 5, a grain tank 7 that stores threshed and sorted grain is provided behind the control unit 5, and a discharge auger 8 that discharges crop grains to the outside is provided behind the grain tank 7.

[0016] The pre-harvest processing device 3 is composed of a scraping device 3A that transports crops in the field rearward while standing them up, a cutting device 3B (rotary blade 22) that cuts the base of the stalks that are transported to the rear and below the scraping device 3A, an auger device 3C that gathers the crops whose bases have been cut to the left, and a feeder house 3D that transports the gathered crops to the threshing device 4.

[0017] 4 and 5, the sweeping device 3A is provided on the front upper side of the auger frame 60 of the auger device 3C. The sweeping device 3A has approximately the same width as the auger frame 60 in the left-right direction.

[0018] The take-in device 3A is composed of a take-in reel 10 and an arm 11 that moves the take-in reel 10 up and down.

[0019] When viewed from the side, the take-up reel 10 is formed in an approximately hexagonal shape, and tine support rods 12 extending in the left-right direction are provided at six corners, and multiple reel tines 13 are suspended from the tine support rods 12 at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction.

[0020] A rotary shaft 14 extending in the left-right direction is installed on the front of the arm 11, and the rotary shaft 14 supports the take-up reel 10. The rear of the arm 11 is rotatably attached to the upper part of the rear wall of the auger frame 60 of the auger device 3C, and the arm 11 and the left wall of the auger frame 60 are connected at their intermediate portions by a lifting device such as a hydraulic cylinder that swings the front of the arm 11 up and down.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 6, the auger device 3C is composed of an auger frame 60 and a scraping auger 61 installed on the left and right walls of the auger frame 60.

[0022] The auger frame 60 is formed of a lower wall, a left wall erected on the left portion of the lower wall, a right wall erected on the right portion of the lower wall, and a rear wall connecting the rear portion of the lower wall to the left and right walls. An inlet (not shown) for transporting crops to the feeder house 3D is formed on the left side of the rear wall. In side view, the lower wall of the auger frame 60 is formed in a gently curved shape that protrudes downward.

[0023] A plurality of raking fingers 62 that can freely appear and disappear from the outer peripheral surface are provided on the left side of the outer peripheral surface of the raking auger 61. This allows crops that have gathered in front of the inlet of the auger frame 60 to be efficiently transported to the feeder house 3D.

[0024] A plurality of conveying spirals 63 are provided on the right side of the outer peripheral surface of the raking auger 61. This allows the grain straw conveyed to the auger frame 60 to be efficiently gathered in front of the inlet.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the feeder house 3D connects the auger device 3C and the threshing device 4, and is a device that transports crops, which are the material to be processed and transported to the left part of the auger frame 60, to the threshing device 4.

[0026] 4 to 6, the cutting device 3B (rotary blade 22) of the first embodiment is formed from a pair of left and right rotary blade devices 20 that cut the roots of crops, and a pair of left and right lifter devices 30 provided above the rotary blade devices 20. The lifter devices 30 are devices that stand up the crops that have been scraped in by the scraping device 3A.

[0027] The distance between the left and right rotary blades 22 in the left-right direction is set to the distance between the rows in the field, which allows the rotary blade device 20 to efficiently cut the crops planted in each row in the field.

[0028] The rotary blade device 20 is formed from a frame 21 extending in the front-to-rear direction, a rotary blade 22 provided on the upper front side of the frame 21, a motor 23 (electric motor, hydraulic motor, etc.) for rotating the rotary blade 22 provided on the upper rear side of the frame 21, and a cover 24 removably attached to the lower part of the frame 21.

[0029] The frame 21 of the rotary blade device 20 disposed on the left side extends from the rear toward the front right side, and the frame 21 of the rotary blade device 20 disposed on the right side extends from the rear toward the front left side.

[0030] The rotary blade 22 of the left rotary blade device 20 rotates clockwise, and the rotary blade 22 of the right rotary blade device 20 rotates counterclockwise. This prevents soil that comes into contact with the rotary blade 22 from scattering outside the auger frame 60.

[0031] A cover 24 covers the sprocket for the rotary blade supported on the lower part of the rotary shaft of the rotary blade 22, the sprocket for the motor supported on the lower part of the rotary shaft of the motor 23, and the chain wound around both sprockets. The rotary shaft of the rotary blade 22 and the rotary shaft of the motor 23 pass through the frame 21 and extend below the lower surface of the frame 21. This prevents the sprocket, chain, etc. from coming into contact with the field, and prevents soil from adhering to the sprocket and chain.

[0032] As shown in Figure 7, the rear part of frame 21 is rotatably attached to a support shaft 25 that extends in the left-right direction and is installed on the left and right walls of auger frame 60. This allows the front part of frame 21 to move up and down along the unevenness of the field, allowing rotary blade 22 to efficiently cut the roots of crops.

[0033] A detection target 26 extending rearward from the rear of the frame 21 is formed at the rear of the frame 21, and a pin 26A extending laterally is provided on the left side of the rear of the detection target 26. A detector 27A of a sensor 27, such as a potentiometer, mounted on the auger frame 60 is fitted onto the pin 26A. This allows the frame 21 of the rotary blade device 20 to quickly measure the unevenness of the field. The movement of the cover 24 in contact with the field surface corresponds to the movement of the frame 21, allowing the pre-harvesting treatment device 3 to quickly move up and down along the unevenness of the field, thereby maintaining the rotary blade 22 at a predetermined height. The rotary blade 22 moves up and down together with the cover 24, and the pre-harvesting treatment device 3 also moves up and down in accordance with the up and down movement of the cover 24, preventing the reel tine 13 from coming into contact with the rotary blade 22.

[0034] In addition, in the conventional configuration, a sensor was provided behind the cutting device (rotary blade) to detect unevenness in the field surface, which sometimes caused delays in the lifting and lowering control of the pre-harvest processing device 3, but this can now be resolved.

[0035] The lower side of the front part of the cover 24 is formed with an upward slope toward the front, which prevents the front part of the cover 24 from protruding into the unevenness of the field and allows the front part of the rotary blade device 20 to move up and down efficiently along the unevenness of the field.

[0036] The rotary blade 22 is positioned below the upper surface of the lower wall of the auger frame 60. This prevents a large amount of soil that comes into contact with the rotary blade 22 from entering the auger frame 60. Furthermore, when the raking device 3A is lowered, the tip of the reel tine 13 moves close to the upper surface of the rotary blade 22. This reduces head loss and allows the roots of the crops raked in by the raking device 3A to be cut and transported to the auger frame 60 efficiently.

[0037] A restricting member 28 is provided on the underside of the rear portion of the frame 21. This prevents the front portion of the frame 21 from descending excessively and coming into contact with the soil in the field when the pre-harvest treatment device 3 is raised.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 8, the restricting member 28, which has a predetermined length in the left-right direction, is fixed to the front portion of the lower wall of the auger frame 60 with fastening means such as bolts. The restricting member 28 is formed of an angle member or the like, and is connected by reinforcing members 28A at a predetermined left-right interval to a vertical portion extending downward from the front portion of the lower wall of the auger frame 60 and a horizontal portion extending forward from the lower end of the vertical portion. This prevents deformation of the horizontal portion of the restricting member 28 due to contact with the cover 24. The support shaft 25 is inserted through an opening formed in the connecting portion 21A at the rear of the frame 21 and an opening formed in the reinforcing member 28A.

[0039] 4 to 6, the lifter device 30 is made up of a guide 31 (hereinafter referred to as a lifter) made of round steel, and a sled 32 attached to the underside of the front of the lifter 31. The rear parts of the pair of left and right lifters 31 are preferably connected by a plate-shaped or comb-shaped cover 33. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of crops that leak into the field from the rear parts of the pair of left and right lifters 31, thereby suppressing head loss.

[0040] In a plan view, the left part of the sled 32 extends from the front end toward the rear left side, and the right part of the sled 32 extends from the front end toward the rear right side. In a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the left-right direction, the left part of the sled 32 extends upward toward the left side, and the right part of the sled 32 extends upward toward the right side. This allows the sled 32 to move along the unevenness of the field, preventing the front part of the lifter 31 from penetrating the soil of the field.

[0041] In side view, the lifter 31 extends upward from its front end, located in front of the rotary blade 22 of the rotary blade device 20, to above the motor 23, and then downward from the rear. The rear of the lifter 31 is rotatably attached to a support shaft 34, which extends left and right and is located above and behind the support shaft 25. This allows the front of the lifter 31 to move up and down along the unevenness of the field, efficiently erecting the stalks raked in by the raking device 3A. It also efficiently guides the crops, whose roots have been cut, to the auger device 3C.

[0042] The tip 31a of the lifter 31 is configured to contact the ground ahead of the rotary blade 22. As a result, the fallen crops are lifted by the lifter 31 and then cut by the rotary blade 22, and simultaneously with the cutting, the crops are raked in by the raking device 3A, allowing for efficient harvesting of the crops.

[0043] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the lifter 31 and the frame 21 supporting the rotary blade 22 are connected by a connecting member R. This allows the rotary blade 22 and the lifter 31 to move up and down together, reducing the amount of crops cut by the rotary blade 22 that are missed.

[0044] The connecting member R is attached near the support shaft 34 of the lifter 31 and to the frame 22 near the rotary blade 22, so that the connecting member R is tilted backward, reducing the resistance it receives from the crops. Also, the connecting member R is configured to be located outside the space 31h between the pair of left and right lifters relative to the rotary blade 22. This reduces the impact on the crops being transported.

[0045] As shown in Figure 4, the connecting member RA may be made of a flat plate. The width of this flat connecting member RA is longer than the distance 31h between the pair of left and right lifters and is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the rotary blade 22. This reduces cutting errors in crops passing through the rotary blade 22 and enables efficient transport of the crops to the rear after cutting.

[0046] As shown in Figure 9, the shape of the connecting member R is curved to approximately the same shape as the rotational locus 13A of the tip of the reel tine 13. This makes the distance between the tine 13 and the connecting member R approximately constant, improving the raking performance.

[0047] As shown in Figure 4, the tines 13 are concentrated near the pair of left and right lifters 31, 31, and no tines 13 are provided in other areas. This creates a space, making it easier to see the crops from the control unit 5. The existence of the space also makes maintenance and inspection work easier.

[0048] When providing the raking fingers F to the auger device 3C, the raking fingers F are always provided in the portion between the pair of left and right lifters 31h, so that the crops can be efficiently raked into the auger device 3C.

[0049] The hydraulic motor 23 that drives the rotary blade 22 is configured to be disposed outside the body of the pair of left and right lifters 31, 31. This reduces contact of the transported grain with the hydraulic motor 23.

[0050] 7, the lifter 31 is configured to pass through a position higher in the vertical direction than the hydraulic motor 23. This prevents the hydraulic motor 23 from interfering with the crops being transported. In addition, in terms of the vertical height relationship between the tip position 24h of the cover 24 that covers the underside of the frame 21 that supports the rotary blade 22 and the tip position 22h of the rotary blade 22, the tip position 24h of the cover 24 is configured to be positioned at the same position as or higher than the tip position 22h of the rotary blade 22.

[0051] As a result, even if the rotary blade 22 comes into contact with the ground, the cover 24 can prevent the rotary blade 22 from digging into the ground.

[0052] As shown in Figures 10 to 12, grass dividing guides 40 are provided on the sides of the auger frame 60, outside the lifters 31 at both ends. These grass dividing guides 40 are inclined from front to back, and are used to separate uncut stalks. This allows for efficient separation of fallen uncut stalks.

[0053] The grass dividing guide 40 is also configured to be movable in the front-to-rear direction. The grass dividing guide 40 is configured by fitting two pipes together, and a set bolt 41 is provided on the non-operating side of the grass dividing guide 40, i.e., on the underside of the grass dividing guide 40.

[0054] The symbol 60a indicates the inclination of the upper surface of the auger frame 60. The inclination of the grass separating guide 40 is approximately the same as the inclination of the auger frame 60. This allows the separated and transported crops to move smoothly along the auger frame 60.

[0055] An outer grass dividing guide 40a, 40a is provided on the outside of the machine body of the grass dividing guide 40, 40, and an inner grass dividing guide 40b, 40b is provided inside the machine body of the grass dividing guide 40, 40. This allows the guide of separated crops around the grass dividing guide 40, 40 to be carried out smoothly.

[0056] As mentioned above, the lifter device 30 has been described as being configured to accommodate two ridges, but Figure 13 shows a lifter device 30 that is compatible with four ridges. This device is configured so that a left lifter device 30L and a right lifter device 30R can be added to the outside of the conventional two-ridge lifter devices 30, 30. The lifters 31 and rotary blades 22 of the left lifter device 30L and the right lifter device 30R are configured to be movable in the left-right direction. This makes it easy to accommodate differences in row spacing between ridges.

[0057] The lifter devices 30 for the four rows are each equipped with the aforementioned sensor 27. When the sensors 27 (one or two) on the two left rows (the left lifter device 30 and the adjacent lifter device 30 on the right) detect a movement, the vehicle body tilting device is activated to raise the left side of the machine body. When the sensors 27 (one or two) on the two right rows (the right lifter device 30 and the adjacent lifter device 30 on the left) detect a movement, the vehicle body tilting device is activated to raise the right side of the machine body. This allows the pre-harvesting treatment device 3 to remain parallel to the field surface, enabling stable operation without the rotary blades 22 coming into contact with the field surface.

[0058] Regardless of the number of sensors, if the left and right sensors 27 of the four sensors detect an abnormality at approximately the same time, the entire pre-harvest treatment device 3 is raised. This allows for stable reaping work without the four rotary blades 22 coming into contact with the field surface.

[0059] The display device 50 of the control unit 5 is provided with monitor lamps 50a that display the detection states of the four sensors 27, respectively. This makes it possible to visually check the left-right tilt state of the pre-harvest processing device 3 relative to the field scene. Alternatively, the load (current value or pressure value) of each motor 23 that drives each rotary blade 22 may be detected, and the monitor lamps 50a may be turned on when the load exceeds a predetermined value. This makes it possible to visually check the load state of each rotary blade 22, so that if the vehicle body tilt control cannot handle the situation, the vehicle can be manually stopped, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1 Aircraft frame 2 Running gear 3 Pre-harvest processing equipment 3A scraping device 3C Auger Device 3D Feeder House 4. Threshing equipment 22 Rotary blade 21 frames 22 Rotary blade 24 Cover 25 Spindle 26 Detected part 27 Sensors 31 Guide (lifter) 34 Spindle 60 Ogre Frame

Claims

1. A combine harvester having a traveling device (2) provided below a machine frame (1), a pre-harvesting device (3) provided in front of the machine frame (1), and a threshing device (4) provided behind the pre-harvesting device (3), The pre-harvest treatment device (3) comprises a raking device (3A) that raks crops in the field backward while standing them up, a rotary blade (22) that cuts the roots of the raked crops, an auger device (3C) that gathers the cut crops to one side, and a feeder house (3D) that transports the gathered crops to a threshing device (4), a support shaft (25) extending in the left-right direction is provided on the lower wall of the auger frame (60) of the auger device (3C); A guide (31) is arranged above the rotary blade (22) to pick up and guide the crop; The rear part of a frame (21) extending in the front-rear direction and supporting the rotary blade (22) is rotatably attached to the support shaft (25), and the frame (21) is configured to rotate in the vertical direction in response to the unevenness of the field surface, A detection portion (26) is formed at the rear of the frame (21) and extends rearward beyond the support shaft (25), The sensor (27) attached to the auger frame (60) is configured to measure the swing angle of the detection target part (26), A combine harvester characterized in that the pre-harvest treatment device (3) is raised and lowered based on the measurement value of the sensor (27).

2. A cover (24) is provided below the frame (21) to cover the lower part of the frame (21), 2. The combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein a lower portion of the cover (24) is formed in a substantially straight line in a side view.

3. A combine harvester as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rear portion of the guide (31) is rotatably attached to a support shaft (34) extending in the left-right direction and provided rearward and above the support shaft (25), and a sled (32) is formed on the lower side of the front portion of the guide (31).

Images