Exterior structure

Abstract

To enhance power generation efficiency while adopting a see-through solar cell member for the exterior of a building.SOLUTION: An exterior structure according to the present disclosure includes a see-through solar cell member (40) that is provided on an outer side of a building (1) and transmits light, and an inner side solar cell member (50) that is provided on an inner side of the building (1) with respect to the see-through solar cell member (40).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes the use of light-transmitting solar cell modules as windows in buildings. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-085750 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Generally, glass curtain walls of buildings have a vision section and a spandrel section. If solid solar cell components (solar panels) with low light transmittance are installed on the spandrel section of the glass curtain wall, the difference in appearance between the vision section (transparent glass) of the glass curtain wall becomes noticeable, which may disrupt the uniformity of the exterior design. On the other hand, using see-through solar cell components with light transmittance could be considered as a way to make the difference in appearance less noticeable, but this could result in lower power generation efficiency compared to using solid solar cell components.

[0005] The present invention aims to improve power generation efficiency while employing see-through solar cell components on the exterior of a building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The main invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is an exterior structure comprising a see-through solar cell member that is installed on the exterior side of a building and transmits light, and an interior solar cell member that is installed closer to the interior of the building than the see-through solar cell member.

[0007] Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve power generation efficiency while employing a see-through solar cell member on the exterior of a building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a building 1 having a glass curtain wall structure as an exterior structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the exterior structure of the spandrel portion SA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] At least the following matters will become clear from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Aspect 1 is an exterior structure including a see-through solar cell member that is provided on the exterior side of a building and transmits light, and an interior solar cell member that is provided on the interior side of the building relative to the see-through solar cell member. This exterior structure can increase power generation efficiency while employing the see-through solar cell member on the exterior of the building.

[0012] Aspect 2 is the exterior structure of Aspect 1, characterized in that a hollow layer is provided between the see-through solar cell member and the inner solar cell member, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the building.

[0013] Aspect 3 is the exterior structure of Aspect 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner solar cell member is disposed on the surface of the face material, thereby making it possible to support the inner solar cell member without distortion.

[0014] Aspect 4 is the exterior structure of any one of Aspects 1 to 3, characterized in that the internal solar cell member is flexible. In this way, when the internal solar cell member is flexible, it is effective to arrange the internal solar cell member on the surface of the face material.

[0015] Aspect 5 is an exterior structure according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, characterized in that the internal solar cell member is fixed or locked to a face material. This allows the internal solar cell member to be easily supported so that it can be removed from the face material. Note that, because the internal solar cell member is not subjected to external wind loads, it can be supported by a simple fixing method (for example, a fixing structure using bolts or screws) or locking method (a locking structure using hangers or hooks).

[0016] Aspect 6 is the exterior structure of any one of Aspects 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal solar cell member is removably disposed on the face material, thereby making it possible to replace the internal solar cell member when it deteriorates.

[0017] A seventh aspect is the exterior structure of any one of the first to sixth aspects, characterized in that the see-through solar cell member generates electricity using light with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, thereby enabling the see-through solar cell member to generate electricity while transmitting visible light.

[0018] Aspect 8 is the exterior structure of Aspect 7, wherein the inner solar cell member generates electricity using light transmitted through the see-through solar cell member. This allows the see-through solar cell member and the inner solar cell member to generate electricity using light in a wide wavelength range, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0019] Aspect 9 is the exterior structure of any one of Aspects 1 to 8, characterized in that the inner solar cell member is made of a perovskite solar cell. This allows for a reduction in the weight of the inner solar cell member. Furthermore, because the see-through solar cell member is disposed on the outer side of the inner solar cell member, the impact of the disadvantage of perovskite solar cells, such as poor weather resistance, can be reduced.

[0020] === Implementation form === <About Glass Curtain Walls> FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a building 1 having a glass curtain wall structure as an exterior structure.

[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates the interior space of a certain floor of a building 1 having multiple floors. The building 1 has an exterior 10, a floor 20, and a ceiling 30. The exterior 10 includes the exterior walls of the building 1 and is a part that separates an outdoor space (hereinafter also referred to as the "exterior space") from an indoor space (hereinafter also referred to as the "indoor space"). The floor 20 is a part that forms the floor of a certain floor in the indoor space of the building 1, and has a concrete slab 21 and a floor finishing material 22. The ceiling 30 is a part that forms the ceiling of a certain floor in the indoor space of the building 1. Of these, by making the concrete slab 21 a fire-resistant structure, each floor of the building 1 is divided into fire compartments.

[0022] The exterior 10 is constructed of a glass curtain wall structure (exterior structure) in which a curtain wall (non-load-bearing wall) is formed of glass. The exterior 10 has a vision section VA and a spandrel section SA.

[0023] The vision section VA is a portion of the indoor space adjacent to the space occupied by people, and allows the outdoor space to be viewed from the indoor space through the vision section VA. The vision section VA has a see-through member 11 that transmits light and structural members that support the see-through member 11 (such as the outer frame, mullions, and transoms of the see-through member 11), and is primarily composed of the see-through member 11. The see-through member 11 is composed of, for example, glass (vision glass). However, instead of being composed of glass, the vision section VA may also be composed of a see-through solar cell member. In the figure, the vision section VA is the portion above the floor section 20 and below the ceiling section 30. However, the vertical range of the vision section VA is not limited to this.

[0024] The spandrel portion SA is a portion that contacts the walls and floors (here, concrete slabs 21) that constitute the fire compartments of the building 1, and is provided to prevent the spread of fire from one fire compartment to another in the event of a fire. In the drawing, the spandrel portion SA is a portion above the ceiling portion 30 and below the floor portion 20. However, the vertical range of the spandrel portion SA is not limited to this. For example, if a wall (a so-called spandrel wall) having a predetermined height (e.g., about 1 meter) is provided above the floor portion 20, the spandrel portion SA will be a portion above the ceiling portion 30 and below the upper end of the spandrel wall. The spandrel portion SA is provided so as to overlap at least a portion of the floor portion 20 or the ceiling portion 30 in the horizontal direction.

[0025] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the exterior structure of the spandrel portion SA.

[0026] The spandrel section SA of this embodiment has a see-through solar cell member 40, an inner solar cell member 50, a backboard 70, and structural members (such as an outer frame, mullions, and transoms) that support these members.

[0027] The see-through solar cell member 40 is a see-through solar cell member (see-through solar panel) that transmits light. As shown in FIG. 1, the see-through solar cell member 40 is provided on the exterior side of a building 1. The see-through solar cell member 40 in the drawing is arranged parallel to the up-down direction (vertical direction). However, the see-through solar cell member 40 may be arranged at an angle to the up-down direction or may be arranged perpendicular to the up-down direction.

[0028] The see-through solar cell member 40 shown in FIG. 2 includes two glass plates 41 (front glass 41A and back glass 41B), cells 42, and a sealing material 43. The see-through solar cell member 40 is configured by arranging a plurality of cells 42 at intervals between the two glass plates 41 and sealing the two glass plates 41 with a sealing material 43 (e.g., ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin; EVA). However, the configuration of the see-through solar cell member 40 is not limited to this. Furthermore, although the illustration shows light passing between the cells 42, the cells 42 may be configured to be transparent to visible light, allowing light to pass through the cells 42.

[0029] The see-through solar cell member 40 generates electricity using ultraviolet light (light with a shorter wavelength than visible light) while transmitting visible light. By arranging the see-through solar cell member 40, which transmits visible light, on the exterior side of the spandrel section SA, it is possible to achieve a design equivalent to a glass curtain wall structure in which almost the entire exterior 10 is covered with a glass wall surface.

[0030] If solid-type solar cell components that do not transmit light were used in the spandrel section SA, the difference in appearance between them and the see-through members 11 (vision glass) installed in the vision section VA would be significant, which could disrupt the uniformity of the glass curtain wall design. In contrast, in this embodiment, by placing the see-through solar cell components 40 in the spandrel section SA, the difference in appearance between them and the see-through members 11 (vision glass) in the vision section VA can be made less noticeable. However, the see-through solar cell components 40 have lower power generation efficiency than solid-type solar cell components that do not transmit light. Therefore, in this embodiment, an inner solar cell component 50 is installed in the spandrel section SA to compensate for the power generation efficiency.

[0031] The inner solar cell member 50 is a solar cell member that is provided closer to the interior of the building 1 than the see-through solar cell member 40. The inner solar cell member 50 generates electricity using light (visible light) that has passed through the see-through solar cell member 40. The see-through solar cell member 40 generates electricity using ultraviolet light, and the inner solar cell member 50 generates electricity using visible light (light that has passed through the see-through solar cell member 40), which allows electricity to be generated using light in a wide wavelength range, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0032] The inner solar cell member 50 is arranged parallel to the see-through solar cell member 40. Here, since the see-through solar cell member 40 is arranged parallel to the vertical direction, the inner solar cell member 50 is also arranged parallel to the vertical direction. The inner solar cell member 50 may be arranged at an angle to the see-through solar cell member 40. However, when the see-through solar cell member 40 and the inner solar cell member 50 are arranged in the spandrel portion SA, it is desirable that the inner solar cell member 50 be arranged parallel to the see-through solar cell member 40.

[0033] The inner solar cell member 50 is preferably made of a flexible film-like (sheet-like) solar cell. This makes the inner solar cell member 50 lightweight, making it easier to attach to a backboard 70 (described later). Here, the inner solar cell member 50 is made of a flexible film-like perovskite solar cell. Perovskite solar cells are lighter than crystalline silicon solar cells, so by making the inner solar cell member 50 of a perovskite solar cell, the weight of the inner solar cell member 50 can be reduced.

[0034] Perovskite solar cells generally have lower weather resistance than crystalline silicon solar cells. However, in this embodiment, the see-through solar cell member 40 is disposed on the outer side of the inner solar cell member 50, which prevents the inner solar cell member 50 (perovskite solar cell) from being affected by wind, rain, and moisture, and thus prevents deterioration of the inner solar cell member 50 (perovskite solar cell). Furthermore, perovskite solar cells are generally more susceptible to degradation by ultraviolet rays than crystalline silicon solar cells. However, in this embodiment, the see-through solar cell member 40, which generates electricity using ultraviolet rays, is disposed on the outer side of the inner solar cell member 50, so that ultraviolet rays irradiating the inner solar cell member 50 (perovskite solar cell) can be suppressed, and degradation of the inner solar cell member 50 (perovskite solar cell) due to ultraviolet rays can be suppressed. In this way, even if the inner solar cell member 50 is made of a perovskite solar cell, the effects of the disadvantages of perovskite solar cells can be suppressed. For this reason, in this embodiment, perovskite solar cells can be suitably used for the inner solar cell member 50.

[0035] The inner solar cell member 50 is not limited to a perovskite solar cell. For example, the inner solar cell member 50 may be made of a flexible amorphous silicon solar cell. Even in this case, the inner solar cell member 50 does not have to be flexible, and does not have to be in a film (sheet) shape.

[0036] A hollow layer 60 is provided between the see-through solar cell member 40 and the inner solar cell member 50. By providing the hollow layer 60, the effects of external temperature changes can be alleviated, and the thermal insulation performance of the building 1 can be improved. Furthermore, by providing the hollow layer 60, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation. Note that, since perovskite solar cells are easily deteriorated by moisture, when the inner solar cell member 50 is made of a perovskite solar cell, it is particularly effective to provide the hollow layer 60 between the see-through solar cell member 40 and the inner solar cell member 50.

[0037] The backboard 70 is a plate-like member that is heat-resistant and fire-resistant. The backboard 70 has the function of preventing flames, smoke, etc. from escaping from the exterior space side of the building 1 into the interior space side in the event of a fire. The backboard 70 also has the function of preventing structural materials such as beams provided on the interior space side from being seen from the exterior space side, along with the interior solar cell member 50. The backboard 70 is made of, for example, a fire-resistant board.

[0038] An internal solar cell member 50 is provided on the surface of the backboard 70 facing the exterior space. The backboard 70 and the internal solar cell member 50 are arranged closer to the interior space than the see-through solar cell member 40, so the internal solar cell member 50 can be provided on the surface of the backboard 70 without considering wind load. Furthermore, when the internal solar cell member 50 is made of a lightweight perovskite solar cell, it is particularly easy to provide the internal solar cell member 50 on the surface of the backboard 70.

[0039] Because the inner solar cell member 50 can be provided on the surface of the backboard 70 without considering wind load, the inner solar cell member 50 can be fixed to the backboard 70 by a fixing method or locking method using a simple mounting member that is strong enough to support its own weight. Examples of fixing methods include a method of fixing the inner solar cell member 50 to the backboard 70 by joining using screws or bolts (a fixing structure using screws or bolts). Here, the inner solar cell member 50 made of perovskite solar cells is fixed to the surface of the backboard 70 by tapping screws. However, the members used in the fixing method are not limited to screws (tapping screws) or bolts. Examples of locking methods include a method of locking the inner solar cell member 50 to the upper edge of the backboard 70 using a hanger or hook (a locking structure using a hanger or hook). In addition, in the case of a relatively hard inner solar cell member 50, it is possible to attach the inner solar cell member 50 to the backboard 70 simply by engaging the upper edge of the inner solar cell member 50 with the upper edge of the backboard 70, and in this case, it is possible to omit fixing or engaging the lower edge of the inner solar cell member 50 to the backboard 70.

[0040] It is desirable to removably mount the inner solar cell members 50 on the backboard 70. This makes it possible to replace the inner solar cell members 50 if they deteriorate. For this reason, it is particularly effective to removably mount the inner solar cell members 50 on the backboard 70, particularly when the inner solar cell members 50 are made of perovskite solar cells, which are prone to deterioration. Note that the structure for removably mounting the inner solar cell members 50 on the backboard 70 is not limited to a fixing structure using screws or bolts or a locking structure using hangers or hooks, and other structures may also be used.

[0041] By arranging the inner solar cell members 50 on the surface of a panel such as the backboard 70, the inner solar cell members 50 can be arranged on a flat surface, and therefore the inner solar cell members 50 can be supported without warping. In particular, when the inner solar cell members 50 are flexible, it is effective to arrange the inner solar cell members 50 on the surface of the panel. However, the inner solar cell members 50 may also be arranged at a distance from the surface of the backboard 70.

[0042] The surface material on which the internal solar cell member 50 is disposed is not limited to the backboard 70. For example, a fire-resistant material such as a fire-resistant beam, fire-resistant column, or non-combustible wall may be used as the surface material, and the internal solar cell member 50 may be disposed on the surface (the surface facing the exterior space) of the surface material. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , when a see-through solar cell member 40 is disposed in place of the spandrel glass of the spandrel section SA and the internal solar cell member 50 is disposed closer to the indoor space than the see-through solar cell member 40, the internal solar cell member 50 will be disposed between the see-through solar cell member 40 and the backboard 70, and therefore the backboard 70 is suitable as a surface material on which the internal solar cell member 50 is disposed.

[0043] In the above description, the see-through solar cell member 40 and the interior solar cell member 50 are arranged in the spandrel portion SA, but the exterior structure including the see-through solar cell member 40 and the interior solar cell member 50 is not limited to the spandrel portion SA. For example, the see-through solar cell member 40 and the interior solar cell member 50 may be arranged in an exterior portion such as a beam, a column, or a wall. Even in this case, it is possible to increase power generation efficiency by arranging the see-through solar cell member 40 on the exterior side of the building 1 and arranging the interior solar cell member 50 closer to the interior of the building 1 than the see-through solar cell member 40.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above description, the see-through member 11 of the vision section VA is made of glass (vision glass), but the see-through member 11 of the vision section VA may also be made of a see-through solar cell member. In this case, it is desirable that the light transmission characteristics of the see-through solar cell member of the vision section VA be the same as those of the see-through solar cell member 40 of the spandrel section SA. In other words, it is desirable that the configuration of the see-through solar cell member of the vision section VA be the same as that of the see-through solar cell member 40 of the spandrel section SA. This can enhance the uniformity of the design of the glass curtain wall. However, a see-through solar cell member different from the see-through solar cell member 40 of the spandrel section SA may be used for the vision section VA.

[0045] ===Other embodiments=== The above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. In particular, the embodiments described below are also included in the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] 1 building, 10 exterior, 11 see-through member, 20 floor, 21 Concrete slab, 22 Floor finishing materials, 30 Ceiling section, 40 See-through solar cell components, 41 glass plate, 41A front glass, 41B rear glass, 42 Cell, 43 Encapsulating material, 50 inner solar cell member, 60 hollow layer, 70 backboard, VA Vision Department; SA spandrel section

Claims

1. a see-through solar cell member that is provided on the exterior side of the building and transmits light; an interior solar cell member provided on the interior side of the building relative to the see-through solar cell member; An exterior structure comprising:

2. The exterior structure according to claim 1, An exterior structure comprising a hollow layer between the see-through solar cell member and the inner solar cell member.

3. The exterior structure according to claim 1, An exterior structure characterized in that the inner solar cell member is disposed on the surface of a face material.

4. The exterior structure according to claim 1, The exterior structure is characterized in that the inner solar cell member is flexible.

5. The exterior structure according to claim 1, An exterior structure characterized in that the inner solar cell member is fixed or engaged to a surface material.

6. The exterior structure according to claim 1, An exterior structure characterized in that the inner solar cell member is removably arranged on a surface material.

7. The exterior structure according to claim 1, The exterior structure is characterized in that the see-through solar cell member generates electricity using light with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light.

8. The exterior structure according to claim 7, An exterior structure characterized in that the inner solar cell member generates electricity using light that passes through the see-through solar cell member.

9. The exterior structure according to claim 1, An exterior structure characterized in that the inner solar cell member is composed of a perovskite solar cell.

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