Heater

Abstract

To provide a heater capable of achieving miniaturization, suppression of electric leakage, and improvement of heating efficiency of fluid.SOLUTION: A heater according to an embodiment includes a tubular base part in which a fluid to be heated flows, and a belt-like heating part provided on an outer wall side of the base part. The heat generation portion extends along a direction in which the base portion extends, or is wound around the outer wall of the base portion and extends in a direction intersecting the direction in which the base portion extends.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention relates to a heater. [Background technology]

[0002] There are heaters that heat fluids such as air and water. Heaters that heat fluids are provided, for example, in heating devices that heat air and in hot water devices that heat water.

[0003] One such heater proposed is a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater. When a current flows through a PTC heater, the temperature of the PTC heater rises in accordance with the magnitude of the current. When the temperature of the PTC heater exceeds the Curie temperature, the resistance of the PTC heater increases, making it difficult for current to flow through the PTC heater, and the temperature rise of the PTC heater is suppressed. When the temperature of the PTC heater drops due to the suppression of the temperature rise of the PTC heater, current flows more easily through the PTC heater, and the temperature of the PTC heater rises again. Therefore, the use of a PTC heater allows for self-control of the heating temperature.

[0004] However, the heat generated by the PTC heater is transferred to the fluid via heat exchange fins, which are made up of multiple plates arranged three-dimensionally, making it difficult to miniaturize the device when using a PTC heater.

[0005] Furthermore, since the PTC heater is exposed to the fluid to be heated, there is a risk of electrical leakage if the fluid is conductive. In addition, in recent years, there has been a demand for improvement in the efficiency of heating the fluid.

[0006] Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a heater that can be made smaller, that can suppress electrical leakage, and that can improve the efficiency of heating the fluid. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-054934 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a heater that can be made smaller, that can suppress electrical leakage, and that can improve the efficiency of heating a fluid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The heater according to the embodiment includes a tubular base portion through which a fluid to be heated flows, and a band-shaped heat generating portion provided on the outer wall side of the base portion. The heat generating portion extends along the extension direction of the base portion, or is wound around the outer wall of the base portion and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the base portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a heater that can be made smaller, that can suppress electrical leakage, and that can improve the efficiency of heating a fluid. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater according to another embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater according to another embodiment. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating a base portion according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments will be illustrated with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, like components are designated by like reference numerals and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted where appropriate.

[0013] The heater 1 according to this embodiment heats a fluid flowing inside the heater 1. The fluid is, for example, air contained in the environment in which the heater 1 is installed. The fluid is, for example, water or a solution (e.g., coolant liquid). The fluid may be conductive or insulating. However, the type of fluid is not limited to those exemplified.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the heater 1 includes, for example, a base portion 10, an insulating portion 20, a heat generating portion 30, a wiring portion 40, and a protective portion 50.

[0015] The base 10 has a tubular shape, and a fluid 100 to be heated flows inside the base 10. The base 10 has, for example, a space inside the base 10 through which the fluid 100 flows. The base 10 extends, for example, in one direction. The fluid 100 flows, for example, in one direction inside the base 10.

[0016] The outline of the outer wall of the base 10 when viewed from the direction in which the base 10 extends can be, for example, a shape in which at least a portion is curved. The outline of the outer wall of the base 10 can be, for example, a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon with some curved sides. The outline of the outer wall of the base 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is an ellipse. The outline of the inner wall of the base 10 when viewed from the direction in which the base 10 extends can be similar to the outline of the outer wall of the base 10, or can be a circle, etc. For example, the base 10 can be a circular pipe, an elliptical pipe, a flattened pipe, etc. The base 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is an elliptical pipe.

[0017] The length dimension of the base 10 in the direction in which the base 10 extends can be changed as appropriate depending on the processing capacity required of the heater 1 (for example, the temperature and flow rate of the fluid 100), the installation space for the heater 1, and the like.

[0018] The thickness dimensions, inner wall dimensions (e.g., inner diameter dimensions), and outer wall dimensions (e.g., outer diameter dimensions) of the base 10 can be changed as appropriate depending on the processing capacity required of the heater 1 (e.g., the temperature of the fluid 100, the flow rate of the fluid 100, the heating efficiency of the fluid 100, etc.), the installation space of the heater 1, etc.

[0019] For example, if the thickness of the base 10 is reduced, the heat generated in the heat generating part 30 is more easily transferred to the fluid 100. Therefore, if the thickness of the base 10 is reduced, it is possible to shorten the time it takes for the fluid 100 to heat up and improve the heating efficiency of the fluid 100. For example, if the thickness of the base 10 is increased, the rigidity of the base 10 is increased, which makes it easier to increase the flow rate and pressure of the fluid 100 and increase the amount of fluid 100 that can be processed.

[0020] For example, if the inner wall dimensions of the base 10 are reduced, the heat generated in the heat generating portion 30 will be more easily transferred to the fluid 100. Therefore, if the inner wall dimensions of the base 10 are reduced, it will be possible to shorten the time it takes for the fluid 100 to heat up and improve the heating efficiency of the fluid 100. For example, if the inner wall dimensions of the base 10 are increased, the pipeline resistance will be reduced, making it easier to increase the flow rate of the fluid 100 and to miniaturize pumps and the like that supply the fluid 100.

[0021] For example, if the outer wall dimensions of the base 10 are reduced, the installation space for the heater 1 is reduced, making it easier to install the heater 1. For example, if the outer wall dimensions of the base 10 are increased, the installation space for the heat generating unit 30 is increased. Therefore, for example, the number of heat generating units 30 can be increased to improve the processing capacity of the heater 1 (for example, the temperature and flow rate of the fluid 100).

[0022] The base 10 is made of a heat-resistant material with high thermal conductivity. For example, the base 10 can be made of metals such as stainless steel, aluminum alloys, and copper alloys, or inorganic materials such as ceramics.

[0023] In this case, the thermal conductivity of metal is higher than that of inorganic materials such as ceramics. Therefore, if the base 10 contains a metal, the time required for the fluid 100 to heat up can be shortened. Furthermore, the rigidity of metal is higher than that of inorganic materials such as ceramics. Therefore, if the base 10 is made of a metal, it becomes easier to increase the pressure of the fluid 100 or to install it in an environment where it is exposed to vibrations or external forces, such as in an automobile.

[0024] On the other hand, inorganic materials such as ceramics generally have insulating properties, so if the base 10 contains an inorganic material, the insulating portion 20 described below can be omitted. The heater 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 has a base portion 10 containing metal and an insulating portion 20.

[0025] The insulating portion 20 is in the form of a film and is bonded to the outer wall of the base 10. The insulating portion 20 is provided between the conductive base 10 and the heat generating portion 30 and wiring portion 40. The insulating portion 20 insulates the base 10 from the heat generating portion 30 and wiring portion 40. Therefore, the insulating portion 20 covers at least the area of ​​the outer wall of the base 10 where the heat generating portion 30 and wiring portion 40 are provided. In this case, if the insulating portion 20 covers the entire area of ​​the outer wall of the base 10, the outer wall of the base 10 can be protected from, for example, gases contained in the environment in which the heater 1 is provided.

[0026] The thickness of the insulating portion 20 is not particularly limited as long as the insulating properties can be ensured. The insulating portion 20 is formed from a material that is heat resistant and insulating. The insulating portion 20 can be formed from, for example, a ceramic or glass material. The insulating portion 20 can be formed by, for example, thermal spraying or firing. Furthermore, if the insulating portion 20 contains a ceramic or glass material, the outer wall of the base 10 can be easily protected.

[0027] The heat generating unit 30 converts applied power into heat (Joule heat). The heat generating unit 30 is strip-shaped and is provided on the outer wall side of the base 10. The heat generating unit 30 can be provided on the outer wall of the base 10 via an insulating unit 20. For example, the heat generating unit 30 is bonded to the insulating unit 20. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the heat generating unit 30 can be provided directly on the outer wall of the base 10. In this case, the heat generating unit 30 is bonded to the base 10.

[0028] For example, the heat generating portion 30 extends in the same direction as the base portion 10. For example, the heat generating portion 30 has a linear shape. The electrical resistance value per unit length of the heat generating section 30 can be approximately uniform in the direction in which the heat generating section 30 extends, or can vary. The electrical resistance value per unit length of the heat generating section 30 illustrated in FIG. 1 is approximately uniform in the direction in which the heat generating section 30 extends. For example, the width and thickness dimensions of the heat generating section 30 illustrated in FIG. 1 are approximately constant. To change the electrical resistance value per unit length of the heat generating section 30, it is sufficient to change at least one of the width and thickness dimensions.

[0029] At least one heat generating section 30 can be provided. The heater 1 illustrated in Fig. 1 is provided with three heat generating sections 30. The number of heat generating sections 30 can be changed as appropriate depending on the processing capacity of the heater 1 (for example, the temperature and flow rate of the fluid 100).

[0030] Furthermore, when multiple heat generating sections 30 are provided, multiple heat generating sections 30 can be provided in a partial area of ​​the outer wall side of the base 10, or multiple heat generating sections 30 can be provided in the entire area of ​​the outer wall side of the base 10.

[0031] 1, a plurality of heat generating units 30 are provided in a partial area on the outer wall side of the base 10. For example, if an element that does not have high heat resistance is provided near the heater 1, the heat generating units 30 can be provided on the opposite side of the element.

[0032] For example, if there are no restrictions on the installation environment of the heater 1, multiple heat generating parts 30 can be provided at positions that are rotationally symmetric about the central axis of the base 10. In this way, it becomes easy to uniformly heat the fluid 100 flowing inside the heater 1 (base 10).

[0033] The plurality of heat generating portions 30 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel.

[0034] The heat generating portion 30 can be formed using, for example, ruthenium oxide (RuO), a silver-palladium (Ag-Pd) alloy, a silver-platinum (Ag-Pt) alloy, or the like. The heat generating portion 30 can be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material onto the insulating portion 20 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the heat generating portion 30 can be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material to the outer wall of the base 10 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like.

[0035] The wiring portion 40 is provided on the outer wall of the base 10 via the insulating portion 20. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the wiring portion 40 can be provided directly on the outer wall of the base 10.

[0036] The wiring section 40 includes, for example, a terminal 41 and a wiring 42 . For example, a pair of terminals 41 may be provided. For example, if one heat generating unit 30 is provided, the terminals 41 may be electrically connected to both ends of the heat generating unit 30. If multiple heat generating units 30 are provided, the terminals 41 may be electrically connected to both ends of the multiple heat generating units 30 electrically connected by wiring 42. The pair of terminals 41 are electrically connected to a temperature control device or the like via a connector, wiring, or the like. Note that if the fluid 100 flowing inside the heater 1 (base 10) is conductive, a waterproof connector may be used, or the connection between the terminals 41 and the wiring may be covered with silicone resin or the like. This improves reliability against electrical leakage, short circuits, and the like.

[0037] The wiring 42 electrically connects the heat generating portions 30 to each other. When one heat generating portion 30 is provided, the wiring 42 can be omitted.

[0038] Also, wiring can be provided to electrically connect the terminal 41 and the heat generating portion 30 (see, for example, wiring 42a in FIG. 2). If wiring is provided to electrically connect the terminal 41 and the heat generating portion 30, the arrangement of the pair of terminals 41 can be changed as desired. For example, the pair of terminals 41 can be provided side by side on one end side of the base 10 in the direction in which the base 10 extends. If the pair of terminals 41 are provided side by side on one end side of the base 10, the heater 1 can be electrically connected to a temperature control device or the like on one end side of the heater 1. This makes it possible to reduce the wiring space and facilitate the wiring work.

[0039] The terminals 41 and the wiring 42 are formed using a material containing, for example, silver or copper. For example, the terminals 41 and the wiring 42 can be formed by applying a paste-like material onto the insulating portion 20 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like. Note that, if the base 10 contains an insulating material, the terminals 41 and the wiring 42 can be formed by applying a paste-like material to the outer wall of the base 10 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like.

[0040] The protective part 50 is provided on the outer wall of the base 10, for example, via the insulating part 20. The protective part 50 covers the heat generating part 30 and the wiring 42. The terminals 41 are exposed from the protective part 50. Note that if the base 10 contains an insulating material, the protective part 50 can be provided directly on the outer wall of the base 10.

[0041] The protective portion 50 has, for example, a function of insulating the heat generating portion 30 and the wiring 42, and a function of protecting the heat generating portion 30 and the wiring 42 from external forces and gases contained in the environment in which the heater 1 is installed. For this reason, the protective portion 50 is formed from a material that has heat resistance, insulating properties, and high chemical stability. The protective portion 50 is formed from, for example, a glass material. The thickness of the protective portion 50 can be, for example, about 10 μm to 60 μm.

[0042] The protective portion 50 can be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material onto the insulating portion 20, the heat generating portion 30, and the wiring 42 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like. In this case, the terminals 41 are exposed from the protective portion 50. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the protective portion 50 can be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material onto the base 10, the heat generating portion 30, and the wiring 42 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method or the like.

[0043] The heater 1 may further include a detection unit that detects the temperature of the heat generating unit 30. The detection unit may be, for example, a thermistor. The thermistor may be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material onto the insulating unit 20 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the detection unit may be formed, for example, by applying a paste-like material to the outer wall of the base 10 using a screen printing method or a coating nozzle, and then curing the material using a baking method. The thermistor material may include, for example, manganese and cobalt, and at least one of copper and nickel.

[0044] A wiring section electrically connected to the detection section may be provided. The wiring section may have terminals and wiring, similar to the wiring section 40 described above. In this case, the protection section 50 may cover the detection section and wiring. The terminals may be exposed from the protection section 50.

[0045] Furthermore, although the above describes an example in which the insulating section 20, heating section 30, wiring section 40, and protective section 50 are sequentially formed on the outer wall of the tubular base 10, it is also possible to sequentially form at least one set of insulating section 20, heating section 30, wiring section 40, and protective section 50 on the surface of a flat metal plate, bend it, and join the ends of the metal plate by welding or the like, or screw the ends of the metal plate together via packing or the like. However, if the heater 1 is provided with a tubular base 10, it is possible to improve reliability against leakage of the fluid 100 flowing inside the heater 1.

[0046] As described above, in the heater 1 according to this embodiment, the flow path through which the fluid 100 to be heated flows and the base 10 on which the heat generating unit 30 and other components are provided are integrated. The heat generating unit 30 and the wiring unit 40 are isolated from the fluid 100 by the base 10. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the heater 1, suppress leakage current, and improve the heating efficiency of the fluid 100.

[0047] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater 1a according to another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the heater 1a includes, for example, a base portion 10a, an insulating portion 20, a heat generating portion 30, a wiring portion 40, and a protective portion 50.

[0048] The base 10a is tubular and extends in one direction. The contour of the outer wall of the base 10a when viewed from the direction in which the base 10a extends can be, for example, a polygon. The contour of the outer wall of the base 10a illustrated in FIG. 2 is a hexagon. The contour of the inner wall of the base 10a when viewed from the direction in which the base 10a extends can be similar to the contour of the outer wall of the base 10a, or can be a circle, for example. The base 10a can be, for example, a square pipe or a hexagonal pipe.

[0049] As in the case of the heater 1 described above, the insulating portion 20, the heat generating portion 30, the wiring portion 40, and the protective portion 50 can be provided on the outer wall of the base portion 10a. In this case, if the outline of the outer wall of the base portion 10a when viewed from the direction in which the base portion 10a extends is polygonal, the insulating portion 20, the heat generating portion 30, the wiring portion 40, and the protective portion 50 can be formed on a flat surface. This makes it easier to form these portions. The materials and forming methods of the insulating portion 20, the heat generating portion 30, the wiring portion 40, and the protective portion 50 can be the same as those described above.

[0050] The length, thickness, inner wall dimensions, and outer wall dimensions of the base 10a can be changed as appropriate depending on the processing capacity required of the heater 1a (for example, the temperature of the fluid 100, the flow rate of the fluid 100, the heating efficiency of the fluid 100, etc.), the installation space of the heater 1a, etc., as in the case of the base 10 described above. The material of the base 10a can be the same as the material of the base 10 described above.

[0051] 2, the heater 1a is provided with wiring 42a that electrically connects the terminal 41 and the heat generating portion 30. As described above, the provision of wiring 42a allows the arrangement of the pair of terminals 41 to be changed as desired. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the pair of terminals 41 can be arranged side by side on one end of the base 10a in the direction in which the base 10a extends. If the pair of terminals 41 are arranged side by side on one end of the base 10a, the heater 1a can be electrically connected to a temperature control device or the like at one end of the heater 1a. This reduces the wiring space and facilitates wiring work.

[0052] Furthermore, similar to the heater 1 described above, a detection section for detecting the temperature of the heat generating section 30 and a wiring section electrically connected to the detection section may be further provided.

[0053] Also, similar to the heater 1 described above, at least one set of insulating section 20, heating section 30, wiring section 40, and protective section 50 can be formed in this order on the surface of a flat metal plate, which can then be bent and the ends of the metal plate joined together by welding or the like, or the ends of the metal plate can be screwed together via packing or the like. However, if the heater 1a is provided with a tubular base 10a, reliability against leakage of the fluid 100 flowing inside the heater 1a can be improved.

[0054] As described above, in the heater 1a according to this embodiment, the flow path through which the fluid 100 to be heated flows and the base 10a on which the heat generating unit 30 and other components are provided are integrated. The heat generating unit 30 and the wiring unit 40 are isolated from the fluid 100 by the base 10a. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the heater 1a, suppress leakage current, and improve the heating efficiency of the fluid 100.

[0055] FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a heater 1b according to another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the heater 1b includes, for example, a base 10, an insulating portion 20, a heat generating portion 30a, a terminal 41, and a protective portion 50.

[0056] The base 10 has a tubular shape and extends in one direction. The base 10 illustrated in FIG. 3 is a circular tube.

[0057] The heat generating portion 30a is strip-shaped and is provided on the outer wall of the base 10 via the insulating portion 20. If the base 10 contains an insulating material, the heat generating portion 30a can be provided directly on the outer wall of the base 10.

[0058] As shown in Fig. 3, the heat generating part 30a is wound around the outer wall of the base 10 and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the base 10. For example, the heat generating part 30a has a spiral shape. The length, width, thickness, and material of the heat generating part 30a can be the same as those of the heat generating part 30 described above. If the heat generating part 30a has a spiral shape, it becomes easier to uniformly heat the fluid 100 flowing inside the heater 1b (base 10).

[0059] The spiral-shaped heat generating portion 30a can be formed, for example, as follows: First, the base 10 is rotated around its tube axis (central axis). Next, a paste-like material is discharged from the application nozzle, and the application nozzle is moved in the direction in which the base 10 extends while maintaining the distance between the application nozzle and the outer wall of the base 10 within a predetermined range. Next, the applied material is hardened using a baking method or the like, thereby forming the spiral-shaped heat generating portion 30a.

[0060] The application nozzle may move in a spiral around the outer wall of the base 10 while keeping the distance between the application nozzle and the outer wall of the base 10 within a predetermined range.

[0061] Terminals 41 are electrically connected to both ends of the heat generating portion 30a. In this case, similar to the heater 1a described above, wiring 42a can be provided to electrically connect the terminals 41 and the heat generating portion 30a. Similarly to the heater 1 described above, a detection portion that detects the temperature of the heat generating portion 30a and wiring portions electrically connected to the detection portion can also be provided.

[0062] As described above, in heater 1b according to this embodiment, the flow path through which fluid 100 to be heated flows and base 10 on which heat generating unit 30a and the like are provided are integrated. Furthermore, heat generating unit 30a and terminals 41 are isolated from fluid 100 by base 10. This makes it possible to reduce the size of heater 1b, suppress leakage, and improve the heating efficiency of fluid 100.

[0063] FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a base portion 10b according to another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the base 10b is tubular and has at least one protrusion 10b1 on its inner wall. The base 10b illustrated in FIG. 4 has four protrusions 10b1. The protrusions 10b1 extend, for example, in the same direction as the base 10b extends. When multiple protrusions 10b1 are provided, they can be arranged at positions that are rotationally symmetric about the central axis of the base 10b. This makes it easier to uniformly heat the fluid 100 flowing inside the base 10b.

[0064] The base 10b can be made of metal such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, etc. In this case, the base 10b having the protrusion 10b1 can be formed by drawing or extrusion, for example.

[0065] If the convex portion 10b1 is provided, it becomes easier to transfer heat to the fluid 100. Therefore, the heating efficiency of the fluid 100 can be further improved. Furthermore, if the convex portion 10b1 is provided, the rigidity of the base portion 10b can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to improve the heating efficiency of the fluid 100 by reducing the thickness of the base portion 10b, or to improve the processing capacity of the heater by increasing the pressure and flow rate of the fluid 100 flowing inside the base portion 10b.

[0066] In the above, an example has been given in which the outline of the outer wall of base 10b when viewed from the direction in which base 10b extends is circular, but the same applies to cases in which the outline of the outer wall of base 10b is an ellipse, a polygon with some sides curved, a polygon, etc.

[0067] Furthermore, although the above has exemplified the case where the base extends linearly, the base may be bent, for example, in an L-shape or a U-shape, or curved, for example, in an arc shape.

[0068] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, modifications, etc. can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, the above-described embodiments can be implemented in combination with each other.

[0069] The following are additional notes regarding the above-described embodiment.

[0070] (Appendix 1) a tubular base portion through which the fluid to be heated flows; a band-shaped heating portion provided on the outer wall side of the base; Equipped with The heat generating portion is extending along the direction in which the base extends; or A heater is wound around the outer wall of the base and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the base.

[0071] (Appendix 2) The heater further includes an insulating portion provided between the base portion and the heat generating portion, the base comprises a metal; the insulating portion is joined to the outer wall of the base; 2. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating portion is joined to the insulating portion.

[0072] (Appendix 3) 3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the contour of the outer wall of the base when viewed from the extending direction of the base is a shape at least partially composed of curves or a polygon.

[0073] (Appendix 4) 4. The heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat generating portion is linear or spiral.

[0074] (Appendix 5) 5. The heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the base. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 1 heater, 1a heater, 1b heater, 10 base, 10a base, 10b base, 10b1 protrusion, 20 insulating part, 30 heat generating part, 30a heat generating part, 100 fluid

Claims

1. a tubular base portion through which a fluid to be heated flows; a band-shaped heating portion provided on the outer wall side of the base; Equipped with The heat generating portion is extending along the direction in which the base extends; or A heater is wound around the outer wall of the base and extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the base.

2. The heater further includes an insulating portion provided between the base portion and the heat generating portion, the base comprises a metal; the insulating portion is joined to the outer wall of the base; 2. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating portion is joined to the insulating portion.

3. 3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the contour of the outer wall of the base when viewed in the extending direction of the base is a shape at least partly formed by curves or a polygon.

4. 3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating portion has a linear or spiral shape.

5. 3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the base is provided with at least one protrusion.

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