Apparatus and method for diagnosing abnormality of bridge

Abstract

Inclination or lateral movement of the abutment, subsidence of the abutment, deformation with or without inclination of the abutment, inclination or lateral movement of the pier, subsidence of the pier, deformation with or without inclination of the pier, deflection of the bridge girder, partial contact or contact at a connection portion between the abutment and the bridge girder, partial contact or contact at a joint between the bridge girder and the bridge girder, damage to a bearing or a telescopic device, lateral movement with inclination of a direct foundation, a pile foundation, or a caisson foundation, or lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide. To provide a device or the like for diagnosing the abnormality of a bridge capable of diagnosing the presence / absence of at least one of damage or the like in a support and / or an expansion device.SOLUTION: This device is provided with a temperature measuring part 11 and a displacement measuring part 12 having a movable joint 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, and a method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge. [Background technology]

[0002] In bridges, bridge girders repeatedly expand and contract due to factors such as seasonal temperature differences and shrinkage caused by drying concrete, so at the joints between the girders and abutments and at the joints between the girders, gaps are provided in the approximately vertical direction at appropriate intervals in the direction of the bridge axis to absorb displacement caused by expansion and contraction of the girders.In addition, bridge girders are equipped with bearings at the joints with the piers and abutments, and by combining bearings that fix the bridge girders with bearings that allow the bridge girders to move, unexpected axial forces are prevented from occurring in the bridge girders.

[0003] However, regardless of bridge girder expansion and contraction, bridges are often found where the gap at the connection or joint between girders and abutments is lost due to, for example, poor initial bridge construction, tilt or lateral movement of abutments, settlement of abutments, deformation with or without tilt of abutments, tilt or lateral movement of piers, settlement of piers, deformation with or without tilt of piers, deflection of bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connection between girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joint between girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilt of spread foundations, pile foundations, or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, etc., resulting in contact between the girders and abutments or between girders and other bridge girders, and unexpected axial forces being generated in the girders. There have also been reported cases where bridge girders in the gap area have been cut off in an effort to fill the lost gap, resulting in deformation or tilting of the piers or abutments again, causing the gap to be lost again.

[0004] In other words, it is difficult to tell by visual inspection of the exterior whether the loss of gap is due to expansion and contraction of the bridge girder, or due to poor initial construction of the bridge, tilting or lateral movement of the abutment, settlement of the abutment, deformation with or without tilting of the abutment, tilting or lateral movement of the pier, settlement of the pier, deformation with or without tilting of the pier, deflection of the bridge girder, partial contact or contact at the connection between the bridge girder and abutment, partial contact or contact at the joint between the bridge girder and girder, damage to the bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of the spread foundation, pile foundation or caisson foundation, lateral movement due to earthquake or landslide, etc.

[0005] Meanwhile, conventionally, there have been disclosed a bridge monitoring system (Patent Document 1) that measures the movement displacement in the direction of the bridge axis and the movement displacement perpendicular to the bridge axis between a bridge girder and abutment or between a bridge girder and a pier, and calculates the amount of relative movement between the bridge girder and abutment or between a bridge girder and a pier; a new bridge joint gap measuring device (Patent Document 2) that measures the gap in the expansion joint of a bridge using images and measuring changes in the tilt angle of a step measuring unit, as well as measuring the ambient temperature, to manage the gap distance of the expansion joint; and a bridge expansion joint system (Patent Document 3) that has a strain measurement sensor for constantly measuring the displacement of the tip of the face plate and the strain at the base in the gap of the finger joint of a bridge, and evaluates the soundness of the expansion joint and the bridge body due to traffic loads, allowing for maintenance or replacement of the bridge body and expansion joint at an appropriate time. The bridge monitoring system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a system that grasps deformation of bridge girders by calculating the relative movement of each bridge girder and the absolute coordinates of each bridge girder at a specified reference point. The bridge new construction joint gap measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a device that measures the gap of a bridge's expansion joint by attaching expansion joint gap measuring equipment to a mobile vehicle and using the mobile vehicle to travel along the bridge road. The bridge expansion joint system disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a system that monitors deformation of expansion joints installed on the deck of a road bridge using strain measurement sensors and surveillance cameras, evaluates the soundness of the expansion joints and the bridge body due to traffic loads, and performs maintenance or replacement of the bridge body and expansion joints at an appropriate time, or even rebuilds the bridge body.

[0006] Furthermore, a measuring device (Patent Document 4) has been disclosed that includes a crank section that can position the first unit and the second unit at the first position and the second position, respectively, even if there is a difference in elevation between the first position and the second position that face each other across a gap. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-120178 [Patent Document 2] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1872431 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-75090 [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 7285361 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The bridge monitoring system disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is not a system that diagnoses bridge abnormalities or is not used for such diagnosis in the first place, and the system is not able to diagnose whether the cause of the loss of gap or the repeated loss of gap is due to expansion and contraction of the bridge girders, or due to poor initial construction of the bridge, tilting or lateral movement of the abutments, settlement of the abutments, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the abutments, tilting or lateral movement of the piers, settlement of the piers, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the piers, deflection of the bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connections between the bridge girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joints between the bridge girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, etc.

[0009] Furthermore, the new bridge joint gap measuring device disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 is not a device that diagnoses or is used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities in the first place, and although the device is equipped with an expansion joint gap measuring device and a temperature sensor attached to a mobile vehicle, it does not clarify how the temperature sensor measures the ambient temperature of the expansion joint and how the gap distance of the expansion joint is managed, and it is unclear whether the cause of the gap loss or the repeated gap loss is due to the expansion and contraction of the bridge girder. It is not possible to diagnose whether the damage is due to poor initial bridge construction, tilting or lateral movement of the abutments, settlement of the abutments, deformation with or without tilting of the abutments, tilting or lateral movement of the piers, settlement of the piers, deformation with or without tilting of the piers, deflection of the bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connections between the bridge girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joints between the bridge girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, etc.

[0010] Furthermore, the bridge expansion joint system disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3 is also not a system that diagnoses bridge abnormalities or is not used for such diagnosis in the first place, and the system is only able to monitor deformation of expansion joints installed in the deck of a road bridge using strain measurement sensors and surveillance cameras. However, it is not able to diagnose whether the cause of the loss of gap or the repeated loss of gap is due to the expansion and contraction of the bridge girders, or whether it is due to poor initial construction of the bridge, tilting or lateral movement of the abutments, settlement of the abutments, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the abutments, tilting or lateral movement of the piers, settlement of the piers, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the piers, deflection of the bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connections between the bridge girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joints between the bridge girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, etc.

[0011] Furthermore, the measuring device disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 4 is a device that is arranged to span the gap at the connection between a bridge girder and an abutment or at the joint between bridge girders, and even if there is a difference in height between a first position and a second position that face each other across the gap, by being equipped with a crank section, the device can measure the amount of movement in the gap of the bridge by placing the first unit and the second unit at the first position and the second position respectively.However, while it is a device that can measure the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement, it is not a device that can measure the amount of displacement due to vertical movement or the rotation caused by horizontal movement and vertical movement.

[0012] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of diagnosing abnormalities in bridges without causing breaks at the points spanning the gap, even if deflection of the bridge girder or settlement or tilting of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge occurs. In addition, for damage where the gap is lost, which is difficult to detect visually from the outside, the invention can diagnose the following: tilting or lateral movement of the abutment, settlement of the abutment, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the abutment, tilting or lateral movement of the pier, settlement of the pier, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of the pier, bridge girder The object of the present invention is to provide a bridge abnormality diagnosing device, a device used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities, and a method for diagnosing bridge abnormalities that can diagnose the presence or absence of at least one of the following: deflection in the bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connections between the bridge girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joints between the bridge girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations, or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, and damage to bearings and / or expansion devices. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] As a result of intensive research, the inventor has found that a bridge abnormality diagnosis device or a device used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities, which is equipped with at least one or more temperature measurement units, one displacement meter unit, and one or more rotation angle measurement units, can diagnose bridge abnormalities without causing breaks at the points spanning the gap, even if deflection of the bridge girders or settlement or tilting of one abutment or pier of the bridge occurs, and can also calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount of the bridge girders due to temperature changes, calculated based on the temperature and / or temperature changes of the bridge girders measured in time series, and the theoretical expansion and contraction amount of the bridge girders due to temperature changes, measured in time series. The displacement measured by the displacement measurement unit arranged to span the gap of the bridge is compared with the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, which is calculated from the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge measured in time series, and based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement, it is possible to determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred. and determining whether or not a deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge and / or settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge has occurred based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, which is calculated from the displacement measured in time series by a displacement measuring unit that is arranged to span the gap of the bridge and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, measured in time series, and diagnosing an abnormality of the bridge based on each of the determinations. Furthermore, by using a device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge that is equipped with at least one or more temperature measurement units, multiple displacement meter units, and one or more rotation angle measurement units, even if deflection of the bridge girder or settlement or tilting of one abutment or pier of the bridge occurs, it is possible to diagnose abnormalities in the bridge without causing breakage at the point spanning the gap, and it is also possible to calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, calculated based on the amount of change in temperature and / or the bridge girder measured in time series, and the theoretical expansion and contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, measured in time series.The displacement measured by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge is compared with the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, which is calculated from the rotation angle of rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured in time series, and a determination is made as to whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement; and the ratio of the displacement of the upper part of the gap to the displacement of the lower part of the bridge is calculated based on the displacement measured by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the presence or absence of inclination of the bridge girder and abutment is confirmed based on the calculated ratio; The inventors have found that it is possible to determine whether or not there is tilt deformation in the abutments or piers of a bridge, and / or partial contact or contact at the connection parts between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joints between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge, and to determine whether or not at least one of deflection of the bridge girders, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge has occurred, based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, which is calculated from the displacement amounts measured in time series by displacement measurement units arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the bridge gap and the rotation angles measured in time series of rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the girders and / or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, and to diagnose abnormalities in the bridge based on each of the above determinations, and have completed the following inventions.

[0014] (1) The theoretical expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, calculated based on the temperature changes of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured over time, is compared with the displacement measured over time by a displacement measurement unit installed across the gap of the bridge, and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the rotation angle measured over time of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge. Based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, it is determined whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred. The displacement amount is calculated from the displacement amount measured in time series by a displacement measuring unit arranged to straddle the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, measured in time series. a device for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge, which is configured to determine whether or not deflection of the bridge girders and / or settlement of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred based on the amount of displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, and which is configured to determine whether or not deflection of the bridge girders and / or settlement of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred based on each of the determinations, and which is configured to determine whether or not the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders of the bridge has occurred based on the amount of displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge has occurred based on each of the determinations, and The device comprises: one displacement meter side unit that is arranged to straddle the gap of the bridge and has a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction, and that measures displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge; and one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge.

[0015] (2) The theoretical expansion and contraction of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, calculated based on the amount of change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured over time, is compared with the displacement measured over time by a displacement measurement unit installed across the gap of the bridge, and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured over time, and the theoretical expansion and contraction is compared with the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge. A determination is made as to whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on the presence or absence of a correlation with the amount of displacement due to lateral movement of the bridge girders and / or abutments of the bridge, which is calculated from the displacement measured in time series by a displacement measurement unit arranged to straddle the gap of the bridge, and the angle of rotation measured in time series of rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders and / or abutments that form the gap of the bridge. Based on the displacement caused by the movement, a determination is made as to whether or not there has been deflection in the bridge girder of the bridge and / or settlement of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge, and based on each of the determinations, a device for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge is provided, which comprises one or more temperature measurement units disposed on the bridge and / or in the vicinity thereof for measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in a time series, and one or more temperature measurement units disposed across the gap of the bridge for measuring the horizontal temperature of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge. The device comprises: one displacement meter side unit having a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction and that measures displacement amounts in a time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to movement and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in a time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge; and one or more calculation processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion / contraction amount, the amount of displacement due to the horizontal movement, and the amount of displacement due to the vertical movement.

[0016] (3) One or more temperature measurement units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and measure the temperature of the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders in a time series; one displacement meter side unit that is arranged across the gap of the bridge and has a movable joint at its end that can rotate up and down and measures the displacement amount in a time series to calculate the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders and / or abutments that form the gap of the bridge in a time series to calculate the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; and one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure the theoretical expansion and contraction amount based on the change in the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders measured in a time series and the horizontal a bridge abnormality diagnosing device or a device used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities, comprising: one or more calculation processing units that calculate the amount of displacement due to directional movement and the amount of displacement due to the up-down movement; one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units that compare the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount with the calculated amount of displacement due to horizontal movement and determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred based on the presence or absence of a correlation between them; one or more subsidence etc. determination units that determine whether or not deflection of the bridge girders of the bridge and / or subsidence of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred based on the calculated amount of displacement due to up-down movement; and one or more abnormality diagnosis units that diagnose abnormalities in the bridge based on the determinations made by each of the determination units.

[0017] (4) The theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, calculated based on the amount of change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured over time, is compared with the displacement amount measured over time by displacement measurement units installed to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the displacement amount due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the rotation angle of rotation measured over time by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, and the theoretical expansion / contraction amount is calculated. Based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the amount of displacement and the amount of displacement due to the horizontal movement, it is determined whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred; based on the amount of displacement measured in time series by displacement measurement units arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, the ratio of the amount of displacement at the upper part to the amount of displacement at the lower part is calculated, and based on the calculated ratio, it is confirmed whether or not there is an inclination in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge; Based on the determination of whether tilt deformation and / or partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection between the bridge girder and abutment of the bridge or at the joint between the bridge girder and abutment of the bridge, and the displacement due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measurement units that are arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle of rotation measured in time series, which is caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, A device for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge, which determines whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and based on each of the determinations, the device comprises one or more temperature measurement units disposed on the bridge and / or in the vicinity thereof for measuring air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder in time series, and one or more temperature measurement units disposed so as to span at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge,The device comprises a plurality of displacement meter units each having a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction, which measures displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, and one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge.

[0018] (5) The theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes, calculated based on the amount of change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured over time, is compared with the displacement amount measured over time by displacement measurement units installed to straddle the upper and lower parts of the bridge gap, and the displacement amount due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the rotation angle of rotation measured over time by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, and the theoretical expansion / contraction amount is calculated. Based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the amount of displacement and the amount of displacement due to the horizontal movement, it is determined whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred; based on the amount of displacement measured in time series by displacement measurement units arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, the ratio of the amount of displacement at the upper part to the amount of displacement at the lower part is calculated, and based on the calculated ratio, it is confirmed whether or not there is an inclination in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge; Based on the determination of whether tilt deformation and / or partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection between the bridge girder and abutment of the bridge or at the joint between the bridge girder and abutment of the bridge, and the displacement due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measurement units that are arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle of rotation measured in time series, which is caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, A device for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge, which determines whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and based on each of the determinations, the device comprises one or more temperature measurement units disposed on the bridge and / or in the vicinity thereof for measuring air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder in time series, and one or more temperature measurement units disposed so as to span at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge,The device comprises a plurality of displacement meter units having movable joints at their ends that can rotate in the vertical direction, which measure displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and displacement amounts due to vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement and displacement amounts due to vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, and one or more arithmetic processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion / contraction amount, the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, the ratio of the displacement amount at the top and bottom of the gap of the bridge, and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement.

[0019] (6) One or more temperature measuring units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and measure the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders in a time series; a plurality of displacement meter units that are arranged to straddle at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge and have movable joints at their ends that can rotate up and down and measure the displacement amount in a time series to calculate the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measuring units that measure in time series the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, in order to calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount based on the change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured in time series, the ratio of the displacement amount of the upper part of the gap of the bridge to the displacement amount of the lower part, the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; and one or more calculation processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount based on the change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured in time series, the ratio of the displacement amount of the upper part of the gap of the bridge to the displacement amount of the lower part, the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement. and one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units that compare the calculated ratio with the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement of the bridge abutments or piers and determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on the presence or absence of a correlation therebetween; and check whether or not there is any tilt in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge based on the calculated ratio, and determine whether or not there has been any tilt deformation in the abutments or piers of the bridge, and / or partial contact or contact at the connection parts between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joints between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge. a device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, comprising: one or more inclination deformation etc. occurrence determination units for determining whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girders of the bridge, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and inclination of one abutment or pier of the bridge, based on the calculated amount of displacement due to the vertical movement; and one or more abnormality diagnosis units for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge based on the determinations made by each of the determination units.

[0020] (7) A temperature change amount calculation step for calculating a temperature change amount by measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in a time series; a bridge girder theoretical expansion amount calculation step for calculating a theoretical expansion amount of the bridge girder of the bridge due to a temperature change based on the calculated temperature change amount, the linear expansion coefficient, and the expansion girder length of the bridge girder of the bridge; a displacement amount measurement step for measuring a displacement amount at a displacement amount measurement position of the gap of the bridge in a time series; a rotation angle measurement step for measuring a rotation angle of a rotation caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge in a time series; and a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement step for calculating a displacement amount due to horizontal movement and a displacement amount due to vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge from the displacement amount and rotation angle measured in a time series. abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination step of comparing the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount and the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement; subsidence etc. determination step of determining whether or not deflection of the bridge girders and / or subsidence of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred based on the calculated displacement amount due to vertical movement; and an abnormality diagnosis step of diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on the determinations in the respective determination steps.

[0021] (8) A temperature change amount calculation step of calculating a temperature change amount by measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in a time series; a bridge girder theoretical expansion amount calculation step of calculating a theoretical expansion amount of the bridge girder of the bridge due to a temperature change based on the calculated temperature change amount, the linear expansion coefficient, and the expansion girder length of the bridge girder of the bridge; a displacement amount measurement step of measuring in a time series the displacement amount at least at the displacement amount measurement position of the upper part of the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount at the displacement amount measurement position of the lower part; and a displacement amount ratio calculation step of calculating a ratio of the displacement amount at the displacement amount measurement position of the upper part of the gap of the bridge to the displacement amount at the displacement amount measurement position of the lower part of the gap. a rotation angle measurement step of measuring in time series the rotation angle of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge; a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement calculation step of calculating the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge from the displacement amount at the displacement measurement position of the upper part of the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount at the displacement measurement position of the lower part measured in time series, the calculated displacement amount ratio, and the rotation angle measured in time series; a process of determining lateral movement of abutments and piers, etc., in which the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount is compared with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement, and based on the presence or absence of a correlation between the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement, it is determined whether or not lateral movement of the abutments and piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred; and a process of determining whether or not there is inclination in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge based on the calculated ratio, and determining whether or not there is inclination deformation in the abutments and piers of the bridge, and / or whether or not there is a connection between the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge. A method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, comprising: a tilt deformation etc. determination process for determining whether partial contact or contact has occurred at joints between bridge girders or between bridge girders of the bridge; a subsidence etc. determination process for determining whether at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girders of the bridge, subsidence of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge, based on the calculated displacement due to the vertical movement; and an abnormality diagnosis process for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge based on the determinations made in each of the determination processes. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] According to the device for diagnosing bridge abnormalities and the device used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities of the present invention, even if there is deflection in the bridge girders or settlement or tilting of one of the bridge abutments or piers, it is possible to diagnose bridge abnormalities without causing breaks at the points spanning the gap. Furthermore, with the device for diagnosing bridge abnormalities, device used for diagnosing bridge abnormalities, and method for diagnosing bridge abnormalities according to the present invention, it is possible to easily, quickly, and accurately diagnose the presence or absence of at least one of the following damage, which is difficult to detect by visual inspection of the exterior and has resulted in the loss of clearance: tilting or lateral movement of abutments, settlement of abutments, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of abutments, tilting or lateral movement of piers, settlement of piers, deformation with or without accompanying tilting of piers, deflection of bridge girders, partial contact or contact at the connections between bridge girders and abutments, partial contact or contact at the joints between bridge girders, damage to bearings or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations, or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, and damage to bearings and / or expansion devices. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the configuration when a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of the bridge 3, and FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the configuration when a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3. [Figure 2] 1 shows a conventional device without a movable joint 13 and a device according to the present invention with a movable joint 13 at its end. [Figure 3] This figure shows the displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, the displacement amount Y1 due to vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and the displacement amount L at the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (the displacement amount at the displacement amount measuring position). [Figure 4]FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, the displacement Y1 due to vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, the rotation angle θ, and the displacement L (displacement at the displacement measurement position) in the displacement measurement unit 12; and FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement and the displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement under normal conditions, and the displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement and the displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement under abnormal conditions. [Figure 5] (a) A diagram showing a comparison between the calculated "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of bridge girder 31 of bridge 3 due to temperature change" and the calculated "displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement" of bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms gap 2 of bridge 3, and (b) a diagram showing lateral movement at the joint between bridge girders 31 of bridge 3 and lateral movement at the connection between bridge girder 31 and abutment 32 of bridge 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 shows a configuration in which (a) a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of the bridge 3, and further includes one or more calculation processing units 15; and (b) a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, and further includes one or more calculation processing units 15. [Figure 7]1A is a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of a bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15, one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. judgment units 16, one or more subsidence etc. judgment units 17, and one or more abnormality diagnosis units 18; and (b) is a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 and girders 31 of a bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15, one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. judgment units 16, one or more subsidence etc. judgment units 17, and one or more abnormality diagnosis units 18. [Figure 8] 1A is a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of the bridge 3, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3. [Figure 9] (a) A diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of the bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15; and (b) a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15. [Figure 10]1A is a diagram showing a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the connection between a bridge girder 31 and an abutment 32 of a bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15, one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units 16, one or more tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination units 19, one or more subsidence etc. determination units 17, and one or more abnormality diagnosis units 18; and (b) a configuration in which a device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment or a device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is installed at the joint between bridge girders 31 and girders 31 of a bridge 3, and further comprising one or more calculation processing units 15, one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units 16, one or more tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination units 19, one or more subsidence etc. determination units 17, and one or more abnormality diagnosis units 18. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a step diagram showing a specific configuration of a method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a step diagram showing a specific configuration of a method M2 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Hereinafter, embodiments of a device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, and a method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the configuration of a first embodiment of a device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge and a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge according to the present invention will be described. The device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment compare a theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature changes, which is calculated based on the amount of change in the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, with a displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, which is calculated from a displacement amount L measured in time series at a displacement amount measuring unit 12 arranged to straddle the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and a rotation angle θ of a rotation caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, which is measured in time series, and determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt and the displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement. and a displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, which is calculated from the displacement amount L measured in time series by a displacement amount measuring unit 12 arranged so as to straddle the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, and a determination as to whether or not a deflection of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 and / or a settlement of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and based on the above-mentioned respective determinations, a device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 or a device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 is provided, the device 1 comprising: one or more temperature measuring units 11 arranged on the bridge 3 and / or in the vicinity thereof for measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 in time series;The device is equipped with a displacement meter side unit 12 having a movable joint 13 at its end that can rotate up and down, which measures in time series the displacement amount (displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement amount measuring position)) L to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and one or more rotation angle measuring units 14 that measure in time series the rotation angle θ to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3. Each component will be described in detail below.

[0025] The bridge 3 of this first embodiment mainly includes a bridge girder 31, an abutment 32, a deck 33, a bearing 34, and a pier 35. In the bridge 3 of this first embodiment, the bridge girder 31 and the deck 33 may be collectively referred to as the bridge girder 31, or the bearing 34 and the pier 35 may be collectively referred to as the pier 35.

[0026] In this first embodiment, the gap 2 refers to an approximately vertical gap provided at the connection between the bridge girder 31 and abutment 32 of the bridge 3 or at the joint between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 to prevent damage caused by collision between the breastworks of the bridge girder 31 and the abutment 32 or between the bridge girders 31.

[0027] The device 1 of the first embodiment is provided with one or more temperature measurement units 11, which are arranged on the bridge 3 and / or in its vicinity as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) to measure the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 in a time series. In the device 1 of the first embodiment, the temperature measurement unit 11 can be selected as appropriate within a range that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but a mode having a thermometer or temperature sensor that can measure the air temperature or the temperature of the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 in a time series is preferred.

[0028] Next, one displacement meter side unit 12 is provided in the device 1 of this first embodiment, and as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b), it is arranged so as to straddle the approximately vertical gap 2 provided at the connection between the bridge girder 31 and the abutment 32 of the bridge 3 (Figure 1(a)), or it is arranged so as to straddle the approximately vertical gap 2 provided at the joint between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 (Figure 1(b)), and measures the displacement amount L (displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement amount measurement position)) in time series to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or the abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or the abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3, respectively. In the device 1 of this first embodiment, the displacement amount measuring unit 12 can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that it can be arranged so as to straddle the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction at the connection between the bridge girder 31 and the abutment 32 of the bridge 3, or can be arranged so as to straddle the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction at the joint between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, and that it has various displacement meters or displacement sensors such as a digital displacement meter that can measure the displacement amount (the displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (the displacement amount at the displacement amount measurement position)) L in a time series.

[0029] 1(a) and 1(b), the displacement meter side part 12 in the device 1 of the first embodiment is provided with a movable joint 13 at its end (either at both ends on the bridge girder 31 side and the abutment 32 side of the bridge 3, or at both ends on the bridge girder 31 side and the bridge girder 31 side of the bridge 3). In the device 1 of the first embodiment, the movable joint 13 can be appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the features of the present invention, and is not particularly limited, as long as it can be rotated in the vertical direction between the abutment 32 of the bridge 3 and the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3, or between the bridge girder 31 and the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3. Examples of such a movable joint 13 include a floating joint, a ball joint, a hinge joint, a universal joint, etc.

[0030] As shown in Figure 2, conventional devices 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges 3 and devices 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges 3 did not have movable joints 13 that could rotate up and down between the abutments 32 of the bridge 3 and the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, or between the bridge girders 31 and the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3. Therefore, when deflection occurs in the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, or when one of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 sinks or tilts, a break occurs at the point spanning the gap 2, making it impossible to perform accurate measurements or diagnoses.

[0031] On the other hand, the device 1 of this first embodiment is equipped at its end with a movable joint 13 that can rotate in the vertical direction between the abutment 32 of the bridge 3 and the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3, or between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 and the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3. This not only prevents the above-mentioned breakage from occurring, but also makes it possible to measure, in a time series manner, the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3, in order to calculate the "amount of displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "amount of displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3."

[0032] The device 1 of this first embodiment is provided with one or more rotation angle measuring units 14, which are connected to the movable joint 13 of the displacement meter side unit 12 as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) and measure the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 in a time series in order to calculate the "amount of displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "amount of displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3." In the device 1 of this first embodiment, the rotation angle measurement unit 14 can be selected appropriately within a range that does not impair the features of the present invention, and is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, a contact type or a non-contact type, as long as it is possible to measure, in a time series, the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 in order to calculate the "displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3."

[0033] Diagnosis of abnormalities in the bridge 3 using the device 1 of the first embodiment is carried out as follows.

[0034] First, the "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" is calculated. The "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" can be calculated, for example, by calculating the "temperature change amount ΔT (°C)" based on data on the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 measured in time series by the temperature measurement unit 11, and in particular, by calculating the "temperature change amount ΔT (°C)" based on temperature data tending to be low, selected from the data on the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, and then based on the calculated "temperature change amount ΔT (°C)," the "linear expansion coefficient α," and the "expansion / contraction girder length Lk (mm) of the bridge girder 31." Such a "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" can be calculated based on the following formula.

[0035] ΔLt=ΔT×α×Lk ΔLt: Theoretical expansion and contraction of bridge girder 31 of bridge 3 due to temperature change ΔT: Temperature change (℃) α: Linear expansion coefficient Lk: Telescopic length of bridge girder 31 (mm)

[0036] Next, as shown in Figure 3, the displacement measuring unit 12 measures the displacement L (displacement at the displacement measurement position) in time series to calculate the "displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3."

[0037] Next, in the rotation angle measurement unit 14, as shown in Figure 4(a), the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3 is measured in time series in order to calculate the "amount of displacement X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "amount of displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3."

[0038] Next, as shown in Fig. 4(a), the "amount of displacement X1 (L·COSθ in Fig. 4) due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3" and the "amount of displacement Y1 (L·SINθ in Fig. 4) due to vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3" are calculated from the amount of displacement L (amount of displacement in the displacement measurement unit 12 (amount of displacement at the displacement measurement position)) measured in time series by the displacement measurement unit 12 and the rotation angle θ measured in time series by the rotation angle measurement unit 14. Furthermore, the amount of displacement X1 due to horizontal movement and the amount of displacement Y1 due to vertical movement under normal conditions, and the amount of displacement X1 due to horizontal movement and the amount of displacement Y1 due to vertical movement under abnormal conditions are shown in Fig. 4(b).

[0039] Next, as shown in Figure 5(a), the calculated "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" is compared with the calculated "displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3." If no correlation is found between the "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" and the "displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3," it is determined that lateral movement of the abutment 32 of the bridge 3 and / or the pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, or that lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred. Figure 5(b) shows the lateral movement at the joints between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 and the lateral movement at the connection between the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 and the abutment 32 of the bridge 3.

[0040] Next, based on the "displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3" calculated from the displacement amount L measured in time series by the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement amount measuring position)) and the rotation angle θ measured in time series by the rotation angle measuring unit 14, a determination is made as to whether deflection has occurred in the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 and / or whether subsidence has occurred in one of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3.

[0041] Next, based on each of the above judgments, a diagnosis of abnormalities in the bridge 3 is made. Examples of abnormalities to be diagnosed include poor initial construction of the bridge 3, tilt or lateral movement of the abutments 32, settlement of the abutments 32, deformation with or without tilt of the abutments 32, tilt or lateral movement of the piers 35, settlement of the piers 35, deformation with or without tilt of the piers 35, deflection of the bridge girders 31, partial contact or contact at the connections between the bridge girders 31 and the abutments 32, partial contact or contact at the joints between the bridge girders 31, damage to the bearings 34 or expansion devices, lateral movement with tilt of the spread foundation, pile foundation, or caisson foundation, lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide, deformation of the foundation, damage to the structure, and ground movement.

[0042] Furthermore, the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment may include one or more arithmetic processing units 15, as shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b). One or more arithmetic processing units 15 are provided in the device 1 according to the first embodiment, and are connected to a temperature measurement unit 11, a displacement measurement unit 12, and a rotation angle measurement unit 14 as shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), to calculate the "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature changes," the "displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3," and the "displacement amount Y1 due to vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3." The arithmetic processing unit 15 in the device 1 of the first embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but for example, the connections with the temperature measurement unit 11, the displacement amount measurement unit 12, and the rotation angle measurement unit 14 can be electrical connections, or the temperature measurement unit 11, the displacement amount measurement unit 12, and the rotation angle measurement unit 14 can be freely controlled via a wireless network as a computer (not shown) installed in a remote location, or data can be transferred as needed from the temperature measurement unit 11, the displacement amount measurement unit 12, and the rotation angle measurement unit 14 to the computer serving as the arithmetic processing unit 15. Furthermore, the arithmetic processing unit 15 can be configured by setting up a arithmetic processing department and assigning personnel to handle manual operations.

[0043] 7(a) and 7(b), the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment may include one or more abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination units 16. One or more abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination units 16 are provided in the device 1 according to the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 5(a), a comparison is made between the "theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change" calculated by the calculation processing unit 15 and the "amount of displacement X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3," and the existence of a correlation therebetween is confirmed to determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred. The abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16 in the device 1 of this first embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but, for example, the connections with the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, and arithmetic processing unit 15 are electrical connections, or the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, and arithmetic processing unit 15 can be freely controlled via a wireless network as a computer (not shown) installed in a remote location, or data can be transferred as needed from the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, and arithmetic processing unit 15 to the computer that serves as the abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16. Furthermore, the abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16 can be configured by setting up an abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination department and assigning personnel to handle the work manually.

[0044] 7(a) and 7(b), the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment may be provided with one or more subsidence, etc. determination units 17. One or more subsidence, etc. determination units 17 are provided in the device 1 of the first embodiment, and determine whether or not deflection of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 and / or subsidence of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, based on the calculated "amount of displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3." The subsidence, etc. determination unit 17 in the device 1 of this first embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but, for example, the connections with the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, arithmetic processing unit 15, and abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16 are electrical connections, or the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, arithmetic processing unit 15, and abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16 can be freely controlled via a wireless network as a computer (not shown) installed in a remote location, or data can be transferred as needed from the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, arithmetic processing unit 15, and abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination unit 16 to the computer that serves as the subsidence, etc. determination unit 17. Furthermore, the subsidence, etc. determination unit 17 can be configured by setting up a subsidence, etc. determination department and assigning personnel to handle the work manually.

[0045] Furthermore, the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment may include one or more abnormality diagnosing units 18, as shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b). The device 1 according to the first embodiment may include one or more abnormality diagnosing units 18, and diagnoses an abnormality in the bridge 3 based on the determinations made by the respective determination units. The abnormality diagnosis unit 18 in the device 1 of this first embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited, but for example, the connections with the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, calculation processing unit 15, abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, and subsidence etc. determination unit 17 are electrical connections, and the configuration can be such that the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, calculation processing unit 15, abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, and subsidence etc. determination unit 17 can be freely controlled by a computer (not shown) installed in a remote location via a wireless network, or data can be transferred as needed from the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, calculation processing unit 15, abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, and subsidence etc. determination unit 17 to the computer that serves as the abnormality diagnosis unit 18. Also, a department for determining subsidence, etc. can be set up and staffed to handle the situation manually, thereby forming the abnormality diagnosis section 18.

[0046] Next, the configuration of a second embodiment of the device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device for use in diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge according to the present invention will be described. Note that, among the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 for use in diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment, components that are the same as or equivalent to the components of the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 for use in diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment described above will be assigned the same reference numerals, and repeated description may be omitted. The device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment compare a theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature changes, which is calculated based on the amount of change in the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, with displacement amounts L1, L2 measured in time series by displacement amount measuring units 12 arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, respectively, and a displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, which is calculated from a rotation angle θ of a rotation caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, and determine whether there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt and the displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement. 5 has occurred, and / or whether lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred; and based on the displacements L1 and L2 measured in time series by the displacement measuring units 12 arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, a ratio R of the displacement L1 at the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement L2 at the lower part is calculated, and based on the calculated ratio R, the presence or absence of tilt in the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 is confirmed, and whether tilt deformation in the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and / or whether partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection parts between the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or at the joints between the bridge girders 31 and 31 of the bridge 3 has occurred; and based on the displacements L1 and L2 measured in time series by the displacement measuring units 12 arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, a ratio R of the displacement L1 at the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement L2 at the lower part is calculated, and based on the calculated ratio R, the presence or absence of tilt deformation in the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 and / or partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection parts between the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or at the joints between the bridge girders 31 and 31 of the bridge 3 is confirmed.a determination as to whether or not at least one of deflection of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3, settlement of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3, and inclination of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, based on a displacement amount Y1 caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, which is calculated from L2 and a rotation angle θ of rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3 measured in time series; and one or more temperature measurement units 11, which are disposed on the bridge 3 and / or in the vicinity thereof and measure the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 in time series, The device is provided with a plurality of displacement meter side units 12 each having a movable joint 13 at its end that can rotate up and down, and that are arranged so as to span at least the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and that measure displacement amounts (displacement amounts at the displacement measurement positions) in the displacement amount measurement unit 12) L1, L2 in time series to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and one or more rotation angle measurement units 14 that measure the rotation angle θ in time series to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3.

[0047] 8(a) and 8(b), one or more temperature measurement units 11 are provided in the device 1 of the second embodiment, and are arranged on the bridge 3 and / or in its vicinity to measure the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 in a time series manner. As with the temperature measurement unit 11 in the device 1 of the first embodiment, such temperature measurement units 11 can be selected appropriately as long as the features of the present invention are not impaired, and there are no particular limitations on their configuration.

[0048] Furthermore, the device 1 of this second embodiment is provided with a plurality of displacement measuring units 12, which are arranged as shown in Figures 8(a) and (b) so as to straddle at least the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction provided at the connection between the abutment 32 and bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 (Figure 8(a)), or are arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 (Figure 8(b)), and each measure the displacement amount of the upper part of the gap 2 (displacement amount at the displacement measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position)) L1 and the displacement amount of the lower part (displacement amount at the displacement measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position)) L2 in time series. The displacement measuring units 12 in the device 1 of the second embodiment are arranged one at each of the upper and lower parts of the connection between the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3, or one at each of the upper and lower parts of the joints between the bridge girders 31 and girders 31 of the bridge 3, so as to straddle the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction, but it is sufficient that at least one is arranged one at each of the upper and lower parts of the connection between the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3, or at least one at each of the upper and lower parts of the joints between the bridge girders 31 and girders 31 of the bridge 3, so as to straddle the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction, and like the displacement measuring units 12 in the device 1 of the first embodiment, the displacement measuring units 12 in the device 1 of the second embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and their configuration is not particularly limited.

[0049] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 8(a) and (b), the displacement meter side part 12 in the device 1 of this second embodiment has a movable joint 13 at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction between either the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3, or between the bridge girders 31 and 31 of the bridge 3. However, it is sufficient that either the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3, or between the bridge girders 31 and 31 of the bridge 3, can be rotated in the vertical direction. As with the movable joint 13 in the device 1 of the first embodiment, the movable joint 13 in such device 1 of this second embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited.

[0050] Furthermore, the device 1 of the second embodiment is provided with one or more rotation angle measuring units 14, which, as shown in Figures 8(a) and (b), are connected to the movable joint 13 of the displacement meter side unit 12 to measure in time series the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders 31 and / or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 in order to calculate the displacement amount X1 caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girders 31 or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girders 31 or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3. However, like the rotation angle measuring unit 14 in the device 1 of the first embodiment, such rotation angle measuring units 14 in the device 1 of the second embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and there are no particular restrictions on their configuration.

[0051] In determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments 32 and piers 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred using the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment, the temperature measurement unit 11 calculates the temperature change ΔT (°C) based on temperature data measured in time series (however, this is not limited to temperature data that tends to be low), and then calculates the theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change based on the calculated temperature change ΔT (°C), the linear expansion coefficient α, and the expansion / contraction girder length Lk (mm) of the bridge girder 31. Then, the displacement measurement unit 12, which is arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, calculates the displacement L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement L2 of the lower part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3. The displacement amount L2 of the bridge 3 is measured over time, and the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders 31 and / or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3 is measured over time to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girders 31 or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3. The measured ``theoretical expansion and contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change'' is compared with the measured ``displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girders 31 or abutments 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3'' to confirm whether there is a correlation between them, and if no correlation is found, it is determined that lateral movement of the abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or the piers 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and / or lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred. In addition, to calculate the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, the ratio R of the displacement amount L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement amount L2 of the lower part, calculated from the displacement amount L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount L2 of the lower part, can be used.

[0052] Furthermore, when determining whether or not at least one of deflection in the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3, settlement of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3, and tilt of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred using the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the second embodiment, the displacement measurement unit 12, which is arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, measures the displacement L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 of the beam 3 and the displacement L2 of the lower part in time series, and also measures the displacement L1 of the bridge girder 31 and the bridge girder 31 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3. The rotation angle θ caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the girder 31 or abutment 32 is measured over time to calculate the displacement Y1 caused by the vertical movement of the girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and based on the measured ``displacement Y1 caused by the vertical movement of the girder 31 or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3'', it is determined whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the girder 31 of the bridge 3, settlement of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3, and tilting of one abutment 32 or pier 35 of the bridge 3. In addition, to calculate the displacement Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3, the ratio R of the displacement L1 at the top of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement L2 at the bottom, calculated from the displacement L1 at the top of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement L2 at the bottom, can be used.

[0053] Furthermore, in the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 according to the second embodiment, as described above, a plurality of displacement measurement units 12 are disposed, one at each of the upper and lower parts of the connection between at least the bridge girder 31 and the abutment 32 of the bridge 3 (FIG. 8(a)), or one at each of the upper and lower parts of the joint between at least the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 (FIG. 8(b)), so as to straddle the gap 2 in the approximately vertical direction, and the displacement amount of the upper part (displacement amount at the displacement measurement unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position)) L1 and the displacement amount of the lower part (displacement amount at the displacement measurement unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position)) L2 of the gap 2 at the connection between the bridge girder 31 and the abutment 32 of the bridge 3, which are measured in time series by the displacement measurement unit 12, are measured. 2. Alternatively, the displacement amount L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 at the joint between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position in the displacement measurement unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement measurement position)) and the displacement amount L2 of the lower part of the gap 2 at the joint between the bridge girders 31 of the bridge 3, which are measured in chronological order by the displacement measurement unit 12, are used to calculate the ratio R of the upper displacement amount L1 to the lower displacement amount L2 of the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and based on the calculated ratio R, the presence or absence of tilt in the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 is confirmed, and a determination is made as to whether tilt deformation has occurred in the abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or the piers 35 of the bridge 3, and / or whether partial contact or contact has occurred at the joints between the bridge girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or at the joints between the bridge girders 31 and girders 31 of the bridge 3. From this, it can be said that by using the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment, more in-depth diagnosis can be performed compared to when the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment are used.

[0054] Subsequently, based on each of the above-mentioned determinations, a diagnosis is made for an abnormality in the bridge 3. Note that the abnormality to be diagnosed may include the abnormality diagnosed by the device 1 of the first embodiment.

[0055] Furthermore, the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of this second embodiment may be equipped with one or more calculation processing units 15 that can be equipped in the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment described above, as shown in Figure 9, and one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units 16, one or more subsidence etc. determination units 17, one or more abnormality diagnosis units 18 that can be equipped in the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment described above, as shown in Figure 10, and may also be equipped with one or more inclination deformation etc. occurrence determination units 19. The tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination unit 19 in the device 1 of this second embodiment checks for the presence or absence of tilt in the girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 based on the ratio R of the displacement amount (displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement amount measuring position)) L1 of the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement amount (displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 (displacement amount at the displacement amount measuring position)) L2 of the lower part, and determines whether tilt deformation has occurred in the abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or the piers 35 of the bridge 3, and / or whether partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection between the girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or at the joints between the girders 31 and girders 31 of the bridge 3. The tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination unit 19 in the device 1 of the second embodiment can be selected as appropriate within the scope that does not impair the features of the present invention, and its configuration is not particularly limited. For example, the temperature measurement unit 11, the displacement amount measurement unit 12, the rotation angle measurement unit 14, the calculation processing unit 15, the abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, the subsidence etc. determination unit 17, and the abnormality diagnosis unit 18 are electrically connected, and further, the tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination unit 19 can be connected to a computer (not shown) installed in a remote location via a wireless network. The temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, calculation processing unit 15, abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, subsidence etc. determination unit 17, and abnormality diagnosis unit 18 can be freely controlled, or data can be transferred as needed from the temperature measurement unit 11, displacement amount measurement unit 12, rotation angle measurement unit 14, calculation processing unit 15, abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination unit 16, subsidence etc. determination unit 17, and abnormality diagnosis unit 18 to the computer serving as tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination unit 19. In addition, a subsidence etc. determination department can be established and staffed to handle the work manually, thereby forming tilt deformation etc. occurrence determination unit 19.

[0056] Next, the configuration of a first embodiment of a method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge according to the present invention will be described. In the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment, components that are the same as or equivalent to those of the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 according to the first and second embodiments described above will be assigned the same reference numerals, and repeated description may be omitted. As shown in FIG. 11 , the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 according to the first embodiment includes a temperature change calculation step S1, a bridge girder theoretical expansion / contraction calculation step S2, a displacement measurement step S3, a rotation angle measurement step S4, a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement calculation step S5, an abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination step S6, a subsidence, etc. determination step S7, and an abnormality diagnosis step S8.

[0057] The temperature change amount calculation step S1 in the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment is a step of measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 in time series to calculate the temperature change amount ΔT (°C), in particular, a step of calculating the temperature change amount ΔT (°C) based on temperature data tending to be low, selected from the data on the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 measured in time series, and the bridge girder theoretical expansion amount calculation step S2 in the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment is a step of calculating the temperature change amount ΔT (°C) based on the calculated temperature change amount ΔT (°C), the linear expansion coefficient α, and the bridge girder theoretical expansion amount. The displacement measurement step S3 in the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment is a step of measuring the displacement L at the displacement measurement position of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 (the displacement L in the displacement measurement unit 12 of the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 of the first and second embodiments described above), and the rotation angle measurement step S 4 is a step of measuring, in time series, the rotation angle θ of the rotation caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 and / or abutment 32 forming the gap 2 of the bridge 3, and the horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement amount calculation step S5 in the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality of the bridge 3 of the first embodiment calculates the displacement amount L of the displacement measurement position of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 measured in time series (the displacement amount in the displacement amount measuring unit 12 of the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality of the bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality of the bridge 3 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above) and This is a process of calculating the displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount Y1 due to the vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3 from the rotation angle θ measured in time series. The abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination process S6 in the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment compares the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change with the calculated displacement amount X1 due to the horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that forms the gap 2 of the bridge 3,This is a process of determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement has occurred due to an earthquake or landslide, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount ΔLt of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 due to temperature change and the calculated displacement amount X1 due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3. The subsidence, etc. determination process S7 in the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment is a process of determining whether or not deflection of the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 and / or subsidence of one of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 has occurred, based on the calculated displacement amount Y1 due to vertical movement of the bridge girder 31 or abutment 32 that form the gap 2 of the bridge 3. The abnormality diagnosis process S8 in the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment is a process of diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 based on the determinations made in the respective determination processes. The detailed contents of each step S1 to S8 are as described in the configurations of the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 in the first and second embodiments.

[0058] Next, the configuration of a second embodiment of a method for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the present invention will be described. In the method M2 for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the second embodiment, the components of the device 1 for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the first and second embodiments and the device 1 used for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the first embodiment, as well as the components of the method M1 for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the first embodiment, will be assigned the same reference numerals and may not be described again. As shown in FIG. 12 , the method M2 for diagnosing a bridge abnormality according to the second embodiment includes a temperature change calculation step S1, a theoretical bridge girder expansion / contraction calculation step S2, a displacement measurement step S3, a displacement ratio calculation step S9, a rotation angle measurement step S4, a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement calculation step S5, an abutment / pier lateral movement, etc. determination step S6, a tilt deformation, etc. occurrence determination step S10, a subsidence, etc. determination step S7, and an abnormality diagnosis step S8.

[0059] The displacement ratio calculation step S9 in the method M2 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is a step of calculating the ratio R of the displacement L1 at the displacement measurement position at the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 to the displacement L2 at the displacement measurement position at the lower part, measured in time series. The details of the displacement ratio calculation step S9 in the method M2 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment are as described in the configurations of the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge 3 of the first and second embodiments, and the configuration of the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment.

[0060] The inclination deformation, etc. occurrence determination step S10 in the method M2 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment is a step of checking the presence or absence of inclination in the girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 based on the ratio R calculated from the displacement amount L1 at the displacement measurement position at the upper part of the gap 2 of the bridge 3 and the displacement amount L2 at the displacement measurement position at the lower part, which are measured in time series, and determining whether or not there has been an inclination deformation of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3, and / or partial contact or contact at the connection parts between the girders 31 and abutments 32 of the bridge 3 or the joints between the girders 31 and 31 of the bridge 3. The details of the inclination deformation, etc. occurrence determination step S10 in the method M2 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the second embodiment are as described in the respective configurations of the device 1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the first and second embodiments, and the configuration of the method M1 for diagnosing an abnormality in a bridge 3 of the first embodiment.

[0061] According to the above-described first embodiment of the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3, the second embodiment of the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3 and the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3, method M1 which is a first embodiment of a method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3, and method M2 which is a second embodiment of a method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge 3, the following effects can be obtained. 1. Even if the bridge girder 31 of the bridge 3 deflects or one of the abutments 32 or piers 35 of the bridge 3 sinks or tilts, the abnormality of the bridge 3 can be diagnosed without causing any breakage at the point spanning the gap 2. 2. For damage that is difficult to detect by visual inspection and has resulted in the loss of gap 2, it is possible to diagnose the presence or absence of at least one of the following: tilting or lateral movement of abutment 32, settlement of abutment 32, deformation with or without tilting of abutment 32, tilting or lateral movement of pier 35, settlement of pier 35, deformation with or without tilting of pier 35, deflection of bridge girders 31, partial contact or contact at the connections between bridge girders 31 and abutments 32, partial contact or contact at the joints between bridge girders 31, damage to bearings 34 or expansion devices, lateral movement accompanied by tilting of spread foundations, pile foundations or caisson foundations, lateral movement due to earthquakes or landslides, damage to bearings 34 and / or expansion devices, etc. 3. The configurations of the device 1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first and second embodiments, the device 1 used for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first and second embodiments, and the method M1 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the first embodiment and the method M2 for diagnosing abnormalities in the bridge 3 of the second embodiment are simple, so the above-mentioned diagnosis can be performed easily, quickly, and accurately.

[0062] The device for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges, the device used for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges, and the method for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without sacrificing the characteristics of the present invention. For example, configurations other than those of the above-described embodiments and configurations can be adopted or added as appropriate without sacrificing the characteristics of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0063] 1. Equipment for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges or equipment used for diagnosing abnormalities in bridges 2 Yuma 3 Bridges 11 Temperature measurement section 12 Displacement meter side 13 Movable joint 14 Rotation angle measurement unit 15 Processing unit 16. Abutment and pier lateral movement judgment section 17. Subsidence Judgment Section 18 Abnormality diagnosis section 19 Inclination deformation occurrence determination unit 31 Bridge girder 32 Abutment 33 Floor slab 34 Bearing 35 Bridge Pier ΔLt Theoretical expansion and contraction of bridge girders due to temperature changes ΔT Temperature change L Displacement at the displacement measurement section (displacement at the displacement measurement position) Lk Bridge girder extension length L1: Displacement at the displacement measurement unit installed across the top of the bridge gap (displacement at the displacement measurement position) L2 Displacement at the displacement measurement unit installed across the bottom of the bridge gap (displacement at the displacement measurement position) M1 First embodiment of a method for diagnosing bridge abnormalities M2 Second embodiment of the method for diagnosing bridge abnormalities R Ratio of displacement of the upper part of the bridge gap to that of the lower part S1 Temperature change calculation process S2 Bridge girder theoretical expansion / contraction amount calculation process S3 Displacement measurement process S4 Rotation angle measurement process S5 Calculation process of horizontal and vertical movement displacement S6 Abutment / pier lateral movement determination process S7 Sedimentation etc. determination process S8 Abnormality diagnosis process S9 Displacement ratio calculation process S10: Process for determining occurrence of tilt deformation, etc. X1 Displacement due to horizontal movement Y1 Displacement due to vertical movement α Linear expansion coefficient θ rotation angle

Claims

1. A theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes calculated based on the amount of change in temperature and / or bridge girder temperature measured over time; and a displacement amount due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement amount measured in time series by a displacement amount measuring unit arranged to span the gap of the bridge and the rotation angle caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement; A determination is made as to whether or not deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge and / or settlement of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by a displacement measuring unit that is arranged to span the gap of the bridge and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; A device for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on each of the determinations, one or more temperature measurement units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series; a displacement meter side unit that is disposed so as to straddle the gap of the bridge and has a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction and measures displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measuring units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement; The device comprising:

2. A theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes calculated based on the amount of change in temperature and / or bridge girder temperature measured over time; and a displacement amount due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement amount measured in time series by a displacement amount measuring unit arranged to span the gap of the bridge and the rotation angle caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement; A determination is made as to whether or not deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge and / or settlement of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by a displacement measuring unit that is arranged to span the gap of the bridge and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; A device for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on each of the determinations, one or more temperature measurement units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series; a displacement meter side unit that is disposed so as to straddle the gap of the bridge and has a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction and measures displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement; one or more arithmetic processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion / contraction amount, the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; The device comprising:

3. one or more temperature measurement units that are disposed on a bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of bridge girders of the bridge in time series; a displacement meter side unit that is disposed so as to straddle the gap of the bridge and has a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction and measures displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measuring units that measure in time series the rotation angles of rotations caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders and / or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, in order to calculate the amount of displacement caused by horizontal movement and the amount of displacement caused by vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge; one or more arithmetic processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount based on the amount of change in temperature of the air temperature and / or bridge girder measured over time, the amount of displacement due to the horizontal movement, and the amount of displacement due to the vertical movement; one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units that compare the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement and determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on the presence or absence of a correlation between them; one or more subsidence etc. determination units that determine whether or not a deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge and / or subsidence of one abutment or pier of the bridge has occurred based on the calculated displacement amount due to the vertical movement; one or more abnormality diagnosis units that diagnose abnormalities in the bridge based on the judgments made by the respective judgment units; A device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, comprising:

4. A theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes calculated based on the amount of change in temperature and / or bridge girder temperature measured over time; and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement; Calculating the ratio between the amount of displacement at the upper part of the bridge gap and the amount of displacement at the lower part based on the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the bridge gap, and checking the presence or absence of tilt in the bridge girders and abutments based on the calculated ratio, and determining whether or not tilt deformation has occurred in the abutments and piers of the bridge, and / or whether or not partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection parts between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joints between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge; A determination is made as to whether or not at least one of deflection of the bridge girder, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge has occurred, based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units that are arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; A device for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on each of the determinations, one or more temperature measurement units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series; a plurality of displacement meter sides each having a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction, which are arranged so as to straddle at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and which measure displacement amounts in time series in order to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measuring units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement; The device comprising:

5. A theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder due to temperature changes calculated based on the amount of change in temperature and / or bridge girder temperature measured over time; and the displacement caused by the horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on whether or not there is a correlation between the theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement; Calculating the ratio between the amount of displacement at the upper part of the bridge gap and the amount of displacement at the lower part based on the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units arranged so as to straddle the upper and lower parts of the bridge gap, and checking the presence or absence of tilt in the bridge girders and abutments based on the calculated ratio, and determining whether or not tilt deformation has occurred in the abutments and piers of the bridge, and / or whether or not partial contact or contact has occurred at the connection parts between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joints between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge; A determination is made as to whether or not at least one of deflection of the bridge girder, settlement of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge has occurred, based on the displacement caused by the vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, calculated from the displacement measured in time series by displacement measuring units that are arranged to straddle the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and the rotation angle caused by the horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girder and / or abutment that form the gap of the bridge, measured in time series; A device for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge or a device used for diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on each of the determinations, one or more temperature measurement units that are arranged on the bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series; a plurality of displacement meter sides each having a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction, which are arranged so as to straddle at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge, and which measure displacement amounts in time series in order to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measurement units that measure rotation angles in time series to calculate the amount of displacement due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that forms the gap of the bridge and the amount of displacement due to vertical movement; one or more arithmetic processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion / contraction amount, the displacement amount due to the horizontal movement, the ratio of the displacement amount of the upper part of the gap of the bridge to the displacement amount of the lower part, and the displacement amount due to the vertical movement; The device comprising:

6. one or more temperature measurement units that are disposed on a bridge and / or in its vicinity and that measure air temperature and / or the temperature of bridge girders of the bridge in time series; a plurality of displacement meter units each having a movable joint at its end that can rotate in the vertical direction, which are arranged to straddle at least the upper and lower parts of the gap of the bridge and measure displacement amounts in time series to calculate displacement amounts due to horizontal movement of the bridge girder or abutment that form the gap of the bridge and displacement amounts due to vertical movement; one or more rotation angle measuring units that measure in time series the rotation angles of rotations caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of the bridge girders and / or abutments that form the gap of the bridge, in order to calculate the amount of displacement caused by horizontal movement and the amount of displacement caused by vertical movement of the bridge girders or abutments that form the gap of the bridge; one or more arithmetic processing units that calculate the theoretical expansion and contraction amount based on the amount of change in air temperature and / or bridge girder temperature measured over time, the ratio of the amount of displacement of the upper part of the bridge gap to the amount of displacement of the lower part, the amount of displacement due to the horizontal movement, and the amount of displacement due to the vertical movement; one or more abutment / pier lateral movement etc. determination units that compare the calculated theoretical expansion / contraction amount with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement and determine whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred, and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred, based on the presence or absence of a correlation between them; one or more tilt deformation occurrence determination units that check whether or not there is tilt in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge based on the calculated ratio, and determine whether or not there is tilt deformation in the abutments or piers of the bridge, and / or partial contact or contact at the connection parts between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joints between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge; one or more subsidence etc. determination units that determine whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge, subsidence of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and tilt of one abutment or pier of the bridge, based on the calculated displacement due to the vertical movement; one or more abnormality diagnosis units that diagnose abnormalities in the bridge based on the judgments made by the respective judgment units; A device for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge or a device used for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge, comprising:

7. a temperature change amount calculation step of measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series and calculating the temperature change amount; a bridge girder theoretical expansion / contraction amount calculation step for calculating a theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder of the bridge due to a temperature change based on the calculated temperature change amount, linear expansion coefficient, and expansion / contraction girder length of the bridge girder of the bridge; a displacement measurement step of measuring the displacement of the gap of the bridge in time series at a displacement measurement position; a rotation angle measurement step of measuring, in time series, the rotation angle of a rotation caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of a bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge; a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement calculation step for calculating the displacement amount due to horizontal movement and the displacement amount due to vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge from the displacement amount and rotation angle measured in time series; a process of determining lateral movement of an abutment or pier by comparing the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement, and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred based on whether or not there is a correlation between the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement; a subsidence determination step of determining whether or not a deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge and / or subsidence of one of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred based on the calculated displacement due to the vertical movement; an abnormality diagnosis step of diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on the judgments in the respective judgment steps; A method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge having the above structure.

8. a temperature change amount calculation step of measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the bridge girder of the bridge in time series and calculating the temperature change amount; a bridge girder theoretical expansion / contraction amount calculation step for calculating a theoretical expansion / contraction amount of the bridge girder of the bridge due to a temperature change based on the calculated temperature change amount, linear expansion coefficient, and expansion / contraction girder length of the bridge girder of the bridge; a displacement measurement step of measuring the displacement of at least an upper displacement measurement position of the gap of the bridge and a lower displacement measurement position of the gap in time series; a displacement ratio calculation step of calculating a ratio between the displacement amount at a displacement measurement position at an upper part of the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount at a displacement measurement position at a lower part of the gap; a rotation angle measurement step of measuring, in time series, the rotation angle of a rotation caused by horizontal and / or vertical movement of a bridge girder and / or abutment forming the gap of the bridge; a horizontal movement / vertical movement displacement calculation step for calculating the displacement amount due to horizontal movement and the displacement amount due to vertical movement of the bridge girder or abutment forming the gap of the bridge from the displacement amount at the displacement measurement position of the upper part of the gap of the bridge and the displacement amount at the displacement measurement position of the lower part measured in time series, the calculated displacement amount ratio, and the rotation angle measured in time series; a process of determining lateral movement of an abutment or pier by comparing the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount with the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement, and determining whether or not lateral movement of the abutments or piers of the bridge has occurred and / or whether or not lateral movement due to an earthquake or landslide has occurred based on whether or not there is a correlation between the calculated theoretical expansion and contraction amount and the calculated displacement amount due to horizontal movement; a tilt deformation occurrence determination process for checking whether or not there is tilt in the bridge girders and abutments of the bridge based on the calculated ratio, and determining whether or not there is tilt deformation in the abutments or piers of the bridge, and / or partial contact or contact at the connection between the bridge girders and abutments or at the joint between the bridge girders and girders of the bridge; a subsidence determination process for determining whether or not at least one of the following has occurred: deflection of the bridge girder of the bridge, subsidence of one abutment or pier of the bridge, and inclination of one abutment or pier of the bridge, based on the calculated displacement due to the vertical movement; an abnormality diagnosis step of diagnosing an abnormality in the bridge based on the judgments in the respective judgment steps; A method for diagnosing abnormalities in a bridge having the above structure.

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