Shampoo composition containing sulfate-free surfactant system and sclerotium gum thickener

Abstract

To provide a stable shampoo composition containing one or more non-sulfated anionic surfactants and having sufficient viscosity and excellent product performance.SOLUTION: A. a surfactant system comprising: I. from 3% to 35% of an anionic surfactant, and ii. from 5% to 15% of an amphoteric surfactant, wherein the surfactant system comprises less than 0.5% of a sulfated surfactant; b. from 0.01% to 3% of a cationic polymer; and c. from 0.15% to 1.5% of a thickener comprising: B. a thickening agent comprising sclerotium gums; wherein the composition comprises less than about 1% inorganic salts; wherein the composition has a ratio of polymer charge densities to total inorganic salts of 1.2:1 or greater; wherein the composition has a viscosity greater than 2500cP; and wherein the composition has a pH greater than 5.5.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to shampoo compositions, and in particular to phase-stable shampoo compositions having a surfactant system that is free or substantially free of sulfate surfactants and a thickener that includes sclerotium gum. [Background technology]

[0002] Historically, most commercial cleaning compositions, such as shampoo compositions, contain sulfate-based surfactant systems because they provide effective cleaning and a good user experience.Sulfate-based surfactant systems generally have an acceptable viscosity, making it easy to apply and distribute the shampoo composition throughout the user's hair.In addition, sulfate-based surfactant systems are generally paired with cationic polymers that can form coacervates with the sulfate-based surfactant system during use, thereby providing effective conditioning benefits to the shampoo.

[0003] Some consumers, especially those with color-treated or otherwise treated hair, may prefer shampoo compositions that are substantially free of sulfate-based surfactant systems. However, formulating a shampoo containing non-sulfate surfactants with sufficient viscosity can be difficult. Many current sulfate-free shampoos have a viscosity that is too low, making them difficult for users to hold in their hands and apply to their hair and scalp. These consumers may also want to include a conditioning polymer in their shampoo because they feel that a more effective conditioning shampoo causes less hair stripping. However, it can be difficult to formulate a shampoo with a sulfate-free surfactant system that also contains a cationic polymer that provides conditioning benefits, because the shampoo may have a low viscosity, making it difficult for users to hold the liquid shampoo composition in their hands and distribute it to their hair and scalp.

[0004] When conventional anionic thickeners, such as xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, and gellan gum, are added to shampoo compositions containing sulfate-free surfactants and cationic polymers, the compositions can become unstable and separate into multiple phases. Conventional anionic thickeners can form complexes with the cationic polymers, which can reduce active deposition, reduce wet conditioning, and cause phase separation. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for stable shampoo compositions containing one or more non-sulfated anionic surfactants that have sufficient viscosity and excellent product performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] 1. A stable shampoo composition comprising: (a) a surfactant system comprising (i) 3 to 35% anionic surfactant, (ii) 5 to 15% amphoteric surfactant, and substantially no sulfated surfactant; (b) 0.01% to 2% cationic polymer; and (c) 0.15% to 1.5% thickener comprising sclerotium gum; said shampoo composition having a viscosity greater than 2500 cP and a pH greater than 5.5. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a typical sclerotium gum structure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 shows the β-(1,3)-β-(1,6) glucan structure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows the three-dimensional conformation of a scleroglucan triplex. [Figure 4] 20x photomicrograph of shampoo containing in situ coacervate. [Figure 5] 2 is a 10x photomicrograph of the shampoo composition of FIG. 1. [Figure 6A]10 is an image of Comparative Example C5. [Figure 6B] 10 is an image of Comparative Example C6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Some consumers prefer shampoo compositions that are substantially free of sulfate surfactants.These consumers may also prefer shampoos that feel less hair stripping, and therefore may prefer shampoos that contain cationic conditioning polymers.However, it is difficult to formulate these compositions to be stable and have the viscosity that consumers prefer.They are often too thin, making it difficult for users to hold them in their palms and distribute them on hair and scalp.

[0009] There are at least three common methods for thickening shampoo compositions. 1. Add an anionic thickener (e.g., xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, gellan gum). 2. Lowers pH. 3. Add an inorganic salt (e.g., NaCl).

[0010] However, these methods are not effective for shampoo compositions containing sulfate-free anionic surfactants and cationic conditioning polymers. First, it has been found that adding conventional anionic thickeners destabilizes the composition, affecting product appearance and performance. Second, it has been found that many sulfate-free surfactant systems undergo hydrolysis at low pH when the pH is lowered, causing changes in viscosity and performance over time and ultimately phase separation. Third, the addition of inorganic salts to liquid shampoos, as opposed to when the shampoo is diluted with water when the user washes their hair, results in instability due to the formation of gel-like complexes known as coacervates (referred to herein as "in situ coacervates" or "in situ coacervate phases," which are coacervates formed in the composition prior to dilution).

[0011] It has been discovered that sclerotium gum, with its unique triple helix structure, can be used to thicken shampoo compositions containing sulfate-free anionic surfactants and cationic polymers while also maintaining phase stability. It has also been discovered that thickeners, including sclerotium gum, can be used to thicken shampoo compositions containing sulfate-free surfactants and cationic polymers while maintaining phase stability and pH (e.g., >5.5) and also providing excellent wet conditioning.

[0012] It has also been found that in some instances, the amount of inorganic salt in the composition can also affect product stability and viscosity. In some instances, product stability and acceptable viscosity can be achieved by (1) maintaining a low concentration of inorganic salt in the formulation (e.g., 0-1 wt %), and / or (2) having a polymer charge density to salt ratio greater than 1.2:1.

[0013] One way to reduce inorganic salt concentrations is to avoid or minimize the addition of excess inorganic salts to the formulation and / or by using low-inorganic-salt-containing raw materials. For example, commercially available sulfate-free surfactants, such as disodium cocoyl glutamate, typically contain high concentrations of inorganic salts, such as 5% or more. Amphoteric surfactants, such as betaine or sultaine, typically contain high concentrations of inorganic salts, such as sodium chloride. Using these high-salt-containing raw materials in sulfate-free surfactant-based cleaning formulations with total sodium chloride levels greater than 1% in the formulation can lead to the formation of undesirable coacervates in the product. When the inorganic salt concentration in the surfactant raw materials is reduced so that the total salt in the composition is less than 1% or lower, a stable, single-phase, clear product can be formulated. On the other hand, when standard materials with high inorganic salt levels are used, the product is cloudy, two-phase, and unstable. The cloudy, two-phase product is likely the result of in situ coacervate formation.

[0014] In some examples, sclerotium gum may be the only thickener in the shampoo composition. In other examples, the thickener may include sclerotium gum, inorganic salts, and combinations thereof. The shampoo composition may be free of, or substantially free of, anionic thickeners. Non-limiting examples of anionic thickeners that may be excluded from the shampoo composition include carboxylic acid polymers, cross-linked polyacrylate polymers, polyacrylamide polymers, polysaccharides, and gums. Non-limiting examples of gums include acacia, agar, algin, alginic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, karaya gum, konjac gum, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan, propylene glycol alginate, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, sodium carrageenan, tragacanth gum, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.

[0015] The pH may be greater than 5.5, alternatively greater than 5.7, or alternatively greater than 5.8. Alternatively, the pH may be 5 to 8, alternatively 5.2 to 7.5, alternatively 5.3 to 7.25, alternatively 5.4 to 7.1, alternatively 5.5 to 7, alternatively 5.6 to 6.9, alternatively 5.7 to 6.8, or alternatively 5.8 to 6.7. The pH may be 4 to 8, alternatively 4.5 to 7.5, alternatively 5 to 7, alternatively 5.5 to 6.5, alternatively 5.5 to 6, or alternatively 6 to 6.5. The pH is determined by the pH Test Method described herein.

[0016] The shampoo composition may have a viscosity of greater than 2500 cP, alternatively greater than 4000 cP, alternatively greater than 4500 cP, alternatively greater than 500 cP. The shampoo composition may have a viscosity of from 2500 cP to 20,000 cP, alternatively from 3000 cps to 15,000 cps, alternatively from 4000 cP to 13,000 cP, alternatively from 5,000 cP to 11,000 cP, alternatively from 7,000 cP to 10,000 cP, alternatively from 2500 cP to 8500 cP, alternatively from 2500 cP to 6500 cP, when measured at 26.6°C by the Cone and Plate Viscosity Measurement test method described herein.

[0017] The shampoo composition may be applied at a shear rate of 10 to 100 rpm, at a pressure of 0.001 Pa to 0.5 Pa, alternatively 0.002 Pa to 0.3 Pa, alternatively 0.003 Pa to 0.2 Pa, alternatively 0.004 Pa to 0.18 Pa, alternatively 0.007 Pa to 0.17 Pa, alternatively 0.008 Pa to 0.15 Pa. -2 ~10 -4 s -1 The shampoo composition may have a Herschel-Bulkley yield stress at a shear rate of greater than 0.003 Pa, alternatively greater than 0.005 Pa, alternatively greater than 0.010 Pa, alternatively greater than 0.015 Pa, alternatively greater than 0.1 Pa. -2 ~10 -4 s -1 The yield stress may be measured at a shear rate of 100 to 10 using a Discovery Hybrid Rheometer (DHR-3) available from TA Instruments. -4 s -1 The temperature is measured at 26.7°C by a flow sweep at 100°C. To apply the Hershel-Bulkley model, -2 ~10 -4 s -1Use TA software to fit a model in logarithmic space at shear rates of 100 s. The geometry used to measure the yield stress and viscosity of the cleansing phase is a 60 mm 2° aluminum cone (with a Peltier steel plate). The geometry must be run at the gap specified by the manufacturer for that geometry. To ensure data integrity and reproducibility, it is recommended to trim the sample during the initial conditioning step in step 1. If the instrument geometry is out of calibration, torque map the geometry before running the yield stress or shear stress method. The version of Trios software used to generate the rheological data herein is TRIOS 5.1.1.

[0018] In some examples, it has been found that a thickener containing a combination of sclerotium gum and citrus peel fiber (commercially available as FiberDesign™ Sensation by Cargill®, which contains INCI lemon (citrus limon) peel powder and sclerotium gum) can result in improved product performance because the shampoo composition can have a higher yield stress, which can assist in suspending actives (e.g., cationic polymers; silicones; non-silicone organic conditioning agents, e.g., vegetable hydrocarbon oils, waxes, conditioning polymers; anti-dandruff actives) in the formulation. In some examples, the thickener can be selected from the group consisting of sclerotium gum, lemon peel powder, inorganic salts, and combinations thereof. In other examples, the thickener can be selected from the group consisting of sclerotium gum, lemon peel powder, and combinations thereof. In other examples, the thickener can contain both sclerotium gum and lemon peel powder.

[0019] The shampoo composition may have less than 1% inorganic salts, alternatively less than 0.75% inorganic salts, alternatively less than 0.5% inorganic salts, alternatively less than 0.25% inorganic salts, alternatively 0.2% or less inorganic salts. The shampoo composition may have 0% to 1% inorganic salts, alternatively 0% to 0.9% inorganic salts, alternatively 0% to 0.8%, alternatively 0% to 0.5% inorganic salts, alternatively 0% to 0.3% inorganic salts, alternatively 0.05% to 0.2% inorganic salts. The shampoo composition may have greater than 0% but less than 1%, alternatively greater than 0% but less than 0.75%, alternatively greater than 0% but less than 0.5%, alternatively greater than 0% but less than 0.25% inorganic salts. The shampoo composition may contain 0.5% to 5%, alternatively 0.55% to 4%, alternatively 0.75% to 3.5%, alternatively 0.6% to 3.25%, alternatively 0.8% to 3%, alternatively 0.8% to 2.5%, alternatively 1% to 2%, alternatively 1% to 1.5% of the inorganic salt. The shampoo composition may contain 0.75% to 1.5%, alternatively 0.8% to 1.4%, alternatively 0.9% to 1.4% of the inorganic salt. The weight percent of the inorganic chloride salt can be determined by the Argentometry Test Method for Determining the Weight Percentage of Inorganic Chloride Salt, described herein. The inorganic salt may be an inorganic chloride salt. The inorganic salt may be included in the composition with a surfactant or other ingredient, or may be added separately as a thickener. When the inorganic salt is included in the composition with a surfactant, it may still be considered a thickener.

[0020] The polymer charge density to total inorganic salt ratio can be 0.5:1 to 3:1, 0.7:1 to 2.5:1, alternatively 0.75:1 to 2.25:1, alternatively 1:1 to 2:1, alternatively 1.2:1 to 1.5:1, alternatively 1.1:1 to 1.4:1, alternatively 1.2:1 to 1.4:1. The polymer charge density to total inorganic salt ratio can be ≧1.1:1, alternatively ≧1.2:1, alternatively ≧1.3:1, alternatively ≧1.5:1. The polymer charge density to total inorganic salt ratio can be <15:1, <10:1, <7:1, <5:1, alternatively <4:1, alternatively <3:1, alternatively <2:1, alternatively <1.5:1. The polymer charge density to inorganic salt ratio, ignoring units, is the charge density (meq / gm) of the cationic polymer to the weight percent of the inorganic salt. If the composition contains more than one cationic polymer, the ratio is calculated according to the polymer with the lowest charge density.

[0021] The ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant can be from 0.25:1 to 3:1, alternatively from 0.3:1 to 2.5:1, alternatively from 0.4:1 to 2:1, alternatively from 0.5:1 to 1.5:1, alternatively from 0.6:1 to 1.25:1, alternatively from 0.75:1 to 1:1. The ratio of anionic surfactant to co-surfactant can be from 0.4:1 to 1.25:1, alternatively from 0.5:1 to 1.1:1, alternatively from 0.6:1 to 1:1. In some examples, the ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant is less than 2:1, alternatively less than 1.75:1, alternatively less than 1.5:1, alternatively less than 1.1:1, or alternatively less than 1:1.

[0022] The shampoo composition can be used to cleanse and / or condition hair. First, a user dispenses the liquid shampoo composition from a bottle onto their hands or a washing implement. Then, the shampoo is massaged into wet hair. While massaging the shampoo composition into the hair, the shampoo is diluted, coacervates may form, and the shampoo may foam. After massaging into the hair, the shampoo composition is rinsed from the user's hair, and at least a portion of the cationic polymer may adhere to the user's hair, thereby providing wet conditioning benefits. If desired, shampooing may be repeated and / or a conditioner may be applied. The conditioner may be a rinse-off conditioner or a leave-in conditioner.

[0023] It may be desirable for consumers to have a shampoo composition that contains minimal levels of ingredients. The shampoo composition can be formulated without polymeric thickeners or suspending agents, such as carbomer, EGDS, or thixotropic acid. The shampoo composition may contain 11 or fewer ingredients, 10 or fewer ingredients, 9 or fewer ingredients, 8 or fewer ingredients, 7 or fewer ingredients, or 6 or fewer ingredients. A minimum ingredient formulation may include water, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic polymers, inorganic salts, and fragrance. It is understood that the fragrance may be formed from one or more materials. In some examples, the composition may be free or substantially free of fragrance. In another example, the composition may be free or substantially free of polyethylene glycol (PEG).

[0024] The composition may be free of alkyl polyglucosides. Non-limiting examples of alkyl glucosides include decyl glucoside, cocoyl glucoside, lauroyl glucoside, and combinations thereof. It has been found that alkyl polyglucosides can affect the lathering properties and thickening of shampoo compositions containing sulfate-free anionic surfactants and cationic conditioning polymers.

[0025] The composition may be substantially free of, or may be free of, fatty acid esters having at least 10 carbon atoms. The composition may be substantially free of, or may be free of, fatty acid esters. The composition may be substantially free of, or may be free of, fatty acid esters having hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols. The composition may be substantially free of, or may be free of, oligomeric or polymeric esters prepared from unsaturated glyceryl esters, which can also be used as conditioning agents.

[0026] While the specification concludes with claims that particularly point out and distinctly claim the invention, it is believed that the present disclosure will be better understood from the description.

[0027] As used herein, "cleansing composition" includes personal cleansing products such as shampoos, conditioners, conditioning shampoos, shower gels, liquid hand washes, facial cleansers, and other surfactant-based liquid compositions.

[0028] The shampoo composition may be clear prior to dilution with water. As used herein, the terms "clear" or "transparent" mean that the composition has a percent transparency (%T) of at least about 70% transmittance at 600 nm. %T may be 70% to 100%, 75% to 100%, 80% to 100%, 85% to 100%, 90% to 100%, or 95% to 100% at 600 nm. In the present invention, the percent transparency (%T) may be at least 80% transmittance at 600 nm, and the percent transparency (%T) may be at least 90% transmittance at 600 nm.

[0029] As used herein, the term "fluid" includes liquids and gels.

[0030] As used herein, "molecular weight" or "M.Wt." refers to weight average molecular weight, unless otherwise specified. Molecular weight is measured using gel permeation chromatography ("GPC"), an industry standard method. Molecular weight has units of grams per mole.

[0031] As used herein, "substantially free" refers to less than 0.5%, alternatively less than 0.25%, alternatively less than 0.1%, alternatively less than 0.05%, alternatively less than 0.02%, alternatively less than 0.01%.

[0032] As used herein, "sulfate-free" and "substantially free of sulfates" mean essentially free of sulfate-containing compounds except when incidentally incorporated as a minor component. Sulfate-free contains no detectable sulfated surfactants.

[0033] As used herein, "sulfated surfactant" or "sulfate surfactant" means a surfactant containing a sulfate group. The term "substantially free of sulfated surfactants" or "substantially free of sulfate surfactants" means essentially free of surfactants containing sulfate groups, except when incidentally incorporated as a minor component.

[0034] All percentages, parts and ratios are by weight based on the total weight of the compositions of the present invention unless otherwise specified. All such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials.

[0035] Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels refer to the active portion of that component or composition and exclude impurities, e.g., residual solvents or by-products, that may be present in commercial sources of such component or composition.

[0036] It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given throughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limit given throughout this specification includes every higher numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

[0037] surfactants The cleansing composition described herein may include one or more surfactants in the surfactant system. The one or more surfactants may be substantially free of sulfate surfactants. As can be understood, surfactants provide a cleansing effect on soiled objects such as hair, skin, and hair follicles by facilitating the removal of oil and other soils. Surfactants generally facilitate such cleaning due to their amphiphilic nature, which allows them to break down and form micelles around oil and other soils, which can then be rinsed away, thereby removing them from the soiled object. Suitable surfactants for cleansing compositions may include an anionic moiety that allows the formation of a coacervate with the cationic polymer. The surfactant may be selected from anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0038] Cleansing compositions typically use sulfate-based surfactant systems (such as, but not limited to, sodium lauryl sulfate) for their foam production, stability, clarity, and effectiveness in cleansing. The cleansing compositions described herein are substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. As used herein, "substantially free" of sulfate-based surfactants means 0% to 3%, alternatively 0% to 2%, alternatively 0% to 1%, alternatively 0% to 0.5%, alternatively 0% to 0.25%, alternatively 0% to 0.1%, alternatively 0% to 0.05%, alternatively 0% to 0.01%, alternatively 0% to 0.001% sulfate, and / or alternatively sulfate-free. As used herein, "free" means 0%.

[0039] Additionally, the surfactant can be added to the composition as a solution rather than as a neat material, and the solution may include an inorganic salt that can be added to the formulation. The surfactant formulation may have an inorganic salt that can be 0% to 2%, alternatively 0.1% to 1.5%, alternatively 0.2% to 1% of the inorganic salt in the final composition.

[0040] Suitable surfactants that are substantially free of sulfates may include sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of isethionates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of ether sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfosuccinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfoacetates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glycinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sarcosinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glutamates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of alaninates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of carboxylates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of taurates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of phosphate esters; and combinations thereof.

[0041] The surfactant in the composition should be at a concentration sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and foaming performance. The cleaning composition may have a total surfactant concentration of 5% to 50%, alternatively 8% to 40%, alternatively 10% to 30%, alternatively 12% to 25%, alternatively 13% to 23%, alternatively 14% to 21%, alternatively 15% to 20%.

[0042] The cleaning composition may contain 3% to 30%, alternatively 4% to 20%, alternatively 5% to 15%, alternatively 6% to 12%, alternatively 7% to 10% anionic surfactant. The cleaning composition may contain 3% to 40%, alternatively 4% to 30%, alternatively 5% to 25%, alternatively 6% to 18%, alternatively 7% to 15%, alternatively 8% to 13%, alternatively 9% to 11% amphoteric surfactant.

[0043] The ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant can be from 0.25:1 to 3:1, alternatively from 0.3:1 to 2.5:1, alternatively from 0.4:1 to 2:1, alternatively from 0.5:1 to 1.5:1, alternatively from 0.6:1 to 1.25:1, alternatively from 0.75:1 to 1:1. The ratio of anionic surfactant to co-surfactant can be from 0.4:1 to 1.25:1, alternatively from 0.5:1 to 1.1:1, alternatively from 0.6:1 to 1:1. In some examples, the ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant is less than 2:1, alternatively less than 1.75:1, alternatively less than 1.5:1, alternatively less than 1.1:1, or alternatively less than 1:1.

[0044] In some examples, the inorganic salt is added to the shampoo composition along with the surfactant raw material. In one example, the surfactant raw material contains less than 1.5%, alternatively less than 1.25%, alternatively less than 1%, alternatively less than 0.7%, alternatively less than 0.5%, alternatively less than 0.25%, alternatively less than 0.2%, alternatively less than 0.15%, alternatively less than 0.1% or less of inorganic salt. In some examples, at least 0.05%, alternatively at least 0.07%, alternatively at least 0.1% of inorganic salt is added to the formulation via the surfactant raw material.

[0045] The surfactant system may comprise one or more amino acid-based anionic surfactants.Non-limiting examples of amino acid-based anionic surfactants include sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylglycinate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylsarcosinate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylglutamate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylalaninate, and combinations thereof.

[0046] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant can be a glutamate, for example, an acyl glutamate. Non-limiting examples of acyl glutamates include sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, ammonium cocoyl glutamate, diammonium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein sodium glutamate, cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein disodium glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein potassium glutamate, cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein dipotassium glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, undecylenoyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, hydrogenated tallow glutamate disodium, sodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium stearoyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, disodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, dipotassium myristoyl glutamate, cocoyl / hydrogenated tallow glutamate, cocoyl / palmoyl / sunflower oil sodium glutamate, hydrogenated tallow oil sodium glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, disodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, disodium palmoyl glutamate, TEA-cocoyl glutamate, hydrogenated tallow oil glutamate, TEA-lauroyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0047] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant may be an alaninate, such as an acyl alaninate. Non-limiting examples of acyl alaninates include sodium cocoyl alaninate, sodium lauroyl alaninate, sodium N-dodecanoyl-l-alaninate, and combinations thereof.

[0048] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant can be a sarcosinate, such as an acyl sarcosinate.Non-limiting examples of sarcosinates include sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, TEA-cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, dimer dilinoleyl bis-lauroyl glutamate / lauroyl sarcosinate, disodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauroamphodiacetate, lauroyl sarcosin ... sarcosinate), isopropyl lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, TEA cocoyl sarcosinate, TEA lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA oleoyl sarcosinate, TEA palm kernel sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.

[0049] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant can be a glycinate, such as an acyl glycinate. Non-limiting examples of acyl glycinates include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0050] The composition may contain an additional anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of sulfosuccinates, isethionates, sulfonates, sulfoacetates, glucose carboxylates, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyltaurates, and mixtures thereof.

[0051] Non-limiting examples of sulfosuccinate surfactants include disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, and combinations thereof. The composition may have a sulfosuccinate concentration of 2% to 22%, 3% to 19%, 4% to 17%, and / or 5% to 15% by weight.

[0052] Suitable isethionate surfactants can include the reaction product of a fatty acid esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Suitable fatty acids for isethionate surfactants can be derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil, such as amides of methyl tauride. Non-limiting examples of isethionates can be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, hydrogenated sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleyl methyl isethionate, sodium palm kernel oil isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0053] Non-limiting examples of sulfonates can include alpha olefin sulfonates, linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, sodium lauryl glucoside hydroxypropyl sulfonate, and combinations thereof.

[0054] Non-limiting examples of sulfoacetates include sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, ammonium lauryl sulfoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0055] Non-limiting examples of glucose carboxylates include sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, sodium cocoyl glucoside carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0056] Non-limiting examples of alkyl ether carboxylates include sodium laureth-4 carboxylate, laureth-5 carboxylate, laureth-13 carboxylate, sodium C12-13 pareth-8 carboxylate, sodium C12-15 pareth-8 carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0057] Non-limiting examples of acyltaurates include sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, sodium caproyl methyl taurate, and combinations thereof.

[0058] The surfactant system may further comprise one or more amphoteric surfactants, which may be selected from the group consisting of betaines, sultaines, hydroxysultans, amphohydroxypropylsulfonates, alkyl amphoactates, alkyl amphodiacetates, alkyl amphopropionates, and combinations thereof.

[0059] Examples of betaine amphoteric surfactants include cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), cocobetaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine (LAPB), oleyl betaine, cocobetaine, cetyl betaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryldimethyl α-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyldimethyl γ-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)α-carboxyethyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfobetaines include cocodimethylsulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethylsulfopropyl betaine, lauryldimethylsulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0060] Non-limiting examples of alkylamphoacetates include sodium cocoylamphoacetate, sodium lauroylamphoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0061] Amphoteric surfactants may include cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), lauramidopropyl betaine (LAPB), and combinations thereof.

[0062] The surfactant system may further comprise one or more non-ionic surfactants, which may be selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglucosides, alkyl glycosides, acyl glucamides, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of alkyl polyglucosides may include decyl glucoside, cocoyl glucoside, lauroyl glucoside, and combinations thereof.

[0063] Non-limiting examples of acyl glucamides include lauroyl / myristoyl methyl glucamide, capryloyl / caproyl methyl glucamide, lauroyl / myristoyl methyl glucamide, cocoyl methyl glucamide, and combinations thereof.

[0064] The composition may contain a nonionic cleansing surfactant which may include cocamide, cocamide methyl MEA, cocamide DEA, cocamide MEA, cocamide MIPA, lauramide DEA, lauramide MEA, lauramide MIPA, myristamide DEA, myristamide MEA, PEG-20 cocamide MEA, PEG-2 cocamide, PEG-3 cocamide, PEG-4 cocamide, PEG-5 cocamide, PEG-6 cocamide, PEG-7 cocamide, PEG-3 lauramide, PEG-5 lauramide, PEG-3 oleamide, PPG-2 cocamide, PPG-2 hydroxyethyl cocamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0065] Sclerotium gum The shampoo composition may contain 0.15% to 1.05% by weight of sclerotium gum, 0.15% to 1.0% by weight of sclerotium gum, 0.2% to 0.8% by weight of sclerotium gum, 0.4% to 0.8% by weight of sclerotium gum, and / or 0.4% to 0.6% by weight of sclerotium gum. Sclerotium gum, also known as scleroglucan, is a branched polysaccharide. In some instances, the primary structure of scleroglucan consists of glucose molecules linked by β-(1,3) bonds, with every third glucose molecule in the primary structure containing an additional glucose molecule linked by a β-(1,6) bond. In certain solutions, scleroglucan forms a triple helix shape.

[0066] Figure 1 shows an example of a typical sclerotium gum structure. Figure 2 shows an example of a β-(1,3)-β-(1,6) glucan structure, demonstrating the (3:1) side-chain branching ratio of scleroglucan (Martin et al., 2007). Figure 3 shows an example of the three-dimensional conformation of a scleroglucan triplex (Crescenzi et al., 1988). Specific examples of sclerotium gum include Amigum ER, available from Alban Muller, and Actigum CS 11 QD, available from Cargill.

[0067] cationic polymer The cleansing composition can include a cationic polymer that can form coacervate.As can be understood, the cationic charge of the cationic polymer can interact with the anionic charge of the surfactant to form coacervate.Suitable cationic polymers can include (a) cationic guar polymers, (b) cationic non-guar galactomannan polymers, (c) cationic starch polymers, (d) cationic copolymers of acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers, (e) synthetic non-crosslinked cationic polymers that may or may not form lyotropic liquid crystals when combined with cleansing surfactants, and (f) cationic cellulose polymers.In certain examples, two or more cationic polymers can be included.

[0068] The cationic polymer may comprise 0.05% to 3%, 0.075% to 2.0%, or 0.1% to 1.0% by weight of the cleaning composition. The cationic polymer may have a cationic charge density of 0.6 meq / g or greater, 0.9 meq / g or greater, 1.2 meq / g or greater, and 1.5 meq / g or greater. However, the cationic charge density may be about 7 meq / g or less, or even 5 meq / g or less. The cationic polymer may have a cationic charge density of 0.2 meq / g to 2.2 meq / g, 0.3 meq / g to 2.0 meq / g, 0.4 meq / g to 1.8 meq / g, 0.5 meq / g to 1.7 meq / g, or 0.6 meq / g to 1.3 meq / g. In some examples, the composition may include a cationic polymer having a charge density of 1.7 to 2.1 meq / g and 1 to 1.5% total inorganic salts. The charge density can be measured at the pH of the intended use of the cleansing composition (e.g., pH 3 to pH 9, or pH 4 to pH 8). The average molecular weight of the cationic polymer may generally be 10,000 to 10,000,000, 50,000 to 5,000,000, 100,000 to 3,000,000, 300,000 to 3,000,000, and 100,000 to 2,500,000. Low molecular weight cationic polymers may also be used. Low molecular weight cationic polymers may have higher optical transparency in the liquid carrier of the cleansing composition. The cationic polymer may be of a single type, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, a cationic guar polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500,000 g / mol or less, and the cleaning composition may have additional cationic polymers of the same or different types.

[0069] The charge density of cationic polymers other than cationic guar polymers can be determined by measuring the % nitrogen. The % nitrogen is determined by the U.S.P. <461> It is measured using Method II. The % nitrogen can then be converted to cationic polymer charge density by calculations known in the art.

[0070] The charge density of the cationic guar polymer can be calculated as follows: first, calculate the degree of substitution as disclosed in WO 2019 / 096601, page 3, lines 4-22, and then calculate the cationic charge density from the degree of substitution as described in WO 2013 / 011122, page 8, lines 8-17, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference.

[0071] Cationic Guar Polymer The cationic polymer may be a cationic guar polymer, which is a cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivative. Suitable guar gum for the guar gum derivative can be obtained as a naturally occurring material from the seeds of the guar plant. As can be understood, the guar molecule is a linear mannan in which single-membered galactose units on alternating mannose units are branched at regular intervals. The mannose units are linked to each other by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. The galactose branches are formed by α(1-6) bonds. The cationic derivative of guar gum can be obtained through the reaction between the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. The degree of substitution of cationic groups on the guar structure can be sufficient to provide the required cationic charge density described above.

[0072] The cationic guar polymer may have a weight average molecular weight ("M.Wt.") of less than 3,000,000 g / mole and a charge density of 0.05 meq / g to 2.5 meq / g. Alternatively, the cationic guar polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of less than 1,500,000 g / mole, 150,000 g / mole to 1,500,000 g / mole, 200,000 g / mole to 1,500,000 g / mole, 300,000 g / mole to 1,500,000 g / mole, and 700,000,000 g / mole to 1,500,000 g / mole. The cationic guar polymers may have a charge density of 0.2 meq / g to 2.2 meq / g, 0.3 meq / g to 2.0 meq / g, 0.4 meq / g to 1.8 meq / g, 0.5 meq / g to 1.7 meq / g, and 0.6 meq / g to 1.3 meq / g.

[0073] The cationic guar polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of less than 1,000,000 g / mol and a charge density of 0.1 meq / g to 2.5 meq / g. The cationic guar polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of less than 900,000 g / mol, 150,000 to 800,000 g / mol, 200,000 to 700,000 g / mol, 300,000 to 700,000 g / mol, 400,000 to 600,000 g / mol, 150,000 to 800,000 g / mol, 200,000 to 700,000 g / mol, 300,000 to 700,000 g / mol, and 400,000 to 600,000 g / mol. The cationic guar polymers have charge densities of 0.2 meq / g to 2.2 meq / g, 0.3 meq / g to 2.0 meq / g, 0.4 meq / g to 1.8 meq / g, and 0.5 meq / g to 1.5 meq / g.

[0074] The cleaning composition may comprise from 0.01% to less than 0.7%, from 0.04% to 0.55%, from 0.08% to 0.5%, from 0.16% to 0.5%, from 0.2% to 0.5%, from 0.3% to 0.5%, and from 0.4% to 0.5% cationic guar polymer by weight of the cleaning composition.

[0075] Cationic guar polymers can be formed from quaternary ammonium compounds conforming to general formula II:

[0076] [ka] In the formula, R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is a methyl or ethyl group, and R 6 is an epoxyalkyl group of general formula III,

[0077] [ka] Or R 6 is a halohydrin group of general formula IV,

[0078] [ka] In the formula, R 7 is a C1-C3 alkylene, X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is an anion such as Cl-, Br-, I-, or HSO4-.

[0079] Suitable cationic guar polymers may conform to the general formula V:

[0080] [ka] In the formula, R 8 is guar gum, R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 is as defined above and Z is a halogen. Suitable cationic guar polymers can conform to formula VI:

[0081] [ka] In the formula, R 8is guar gum.

[0082] Suitable cationic guar polymers can also include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Suitable examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride include the Jaguar series available from Solvay SA, the Hi-Care series available from Rhodia, and N-Hance and AquaCat available from Ashland Inc. For example, N-Hance BF-17 is a borate-free guar polymer. N-Hance BF-17 has a charge density of 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of 800,000.

[0083] Cationic Non-Guar Galactomannan Polymers The cationic polymer may be a galactomannan polymer derivative. Suitable galactomannan polymers may have a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 2:1 on a monomer to monomer basis and may be a cationic galactomannan polymer derivative or an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge. As used herein, the term "cationic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic groups have been added. The term "amphoteric galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic and anionic groups have been added such that the polymer has a net positive charge.

[0084] Galactomannan polymers can be present in the endosperm of legume seeds. Galactomannan polymers are composed of a combination of mannose and galactose monomers. Galactomannan molecules are linear mannans in which single-membered galactose units branch at regular intervals on specific mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. Galactose branches occur via α(1-6) linkages. The ratio of mannose to galactose monomers varies depending on the plant species and may also be affected by climate. Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives may have a mannose-to-galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis. Suitable mannose-to-galactose ratios may also be greater than 3:1 or greater than 4:1. Analysis of the mannose-to-galactose ratio is well known in the art and is typically based on measuring galactose content.

[0085] The gums used to prepare the non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can be obtained from natural sources such as plant seeds or beans. Examples of various non-guar galactomannan polymers include tara gum (3 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), carob or lob (4 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), and cassia gum (5 parts mannose / 1 part galactose).

[0086] The non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have a molecular weight of from 1,000 g / mol to 10,000,000 g / mol and a molecular weight of from 5,000 g / mol to 3,000,000 g / mol.

[0087] The cleaning compositions described herein may include galactomannan polymer derivatives having a cationic charge density of 0.5 meq / g to 7 meq / g. The galactomannan polymer derivatives may have a cationic charge density of 1 meq / g to 5 meq / g. The degree of substitution of cationic groups onto the galactomannan structure may be sufficient to provide the required cationic charge density.

[0088] The galactomannan polymer derivative may be a cationic derivative of a non-guar galactomannan polymer, obtained by reacting the hydroxyl groups of the polygalactomannan polymer with a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds for use in forming the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative include those conforming to the general formulas II-VI defined above.

[0089] The cationic non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives formed from the above reagents can be represented by the general formula VII:

[0090] [ka] wherein R is a gum. The cationic galactomannan derivative can be gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which can be more specifically represented by general formula VIII:

[0091] [ka]

[0092] The galactomannan polymer derivative may be an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge, which is obtained when the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further comprises an anionic group.

[0093] The cationic non-guar galactomannans can have a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 4:1, a molecular weight of 100,000 g / mol to 500,000 g / mol (e.g., 50,000 g / mol to 400,000 g / mol), and a cationic charge density of 1 meq / g to 5 meq / g (e.g., 2 meq / g to 4 meq / g).

[0094] The cleaning composition may comprise at least 0.05% of the galactomannan polymer derivative by weight of the composition.The cleaning composition may comprise from 0.05% to 2% of the galactomannan polymer derivative by weight of the composition.

[0095] Cationic Starch Polymer Suitable cationic polymers may also be water-soluble cationically modified starch polymers. As used herein, the term "cationically modified starch" refers to starch to which cationic groups have been added before the starch is degraded to a smaller molecular weight, or to starch to which cationic groups have been added after the starch has been modified to achieve a desired molecular weight. The definition of the term "cationically modified starch" also includes amphoterically modified starch. The term "amphoterically modified starch" refers to a starch hydrolysate to which cationic and anionic groups have been added.

[0096] The cleaning compositions described herein may comprise cationically modified starch polymers in the range of 0.01% to 10% (eg, 0.05% to 5%) by weight of the composition.

[0097] The cationically modified starch polymers disclosed herein have a bound nitrogen percentage of 0.5% to 4%.

[0098] The cationically modified starch polymers can have a molecular weight of from 850,000 g / mol to 15,000,000 g / mol (eg, from 900,000 g / mol to 5,000,000 g / mol).

[0099] Cationically modified starch polymers can have a charge density of 0.2 meq / g to 5 meq / g and 0.2 meq / g to 2 meq / g. Chemical modifications to achieve such charge densities can include adding amino and / or ammonium groups to the starch molecule. Non-limiting examples of such ammonium groups include substituents such as hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropylammonium chloride. Further details are provided in Solarek, DB, *Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Properties and Uses*, Wurzburg, OB, Ed., CRC Press, Inc. (Boca Raton, Fla.), 1986, pp. 113-125, which is incorporated herein by reference. Cationic groups can be added to the starch before it is degraded to smaller molecular weights, or the cationic groups can be added after such modification.

[0100] Cationically modified starch polymers may have a degree of substitution of cationic groups of 0.2 to 2.5. As used herein, the "degree of substitution" of a cationically modified starch polymer is a measure of the average number of hydroxyl groups on each anhydroglucose unit that are derivatized with a substituent. Because each anhydroglucose unit has three possible hydroxyl groups available for substitution, the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. The degree of substitution is expressed on a molar average basis as the number of moles of substituent per mole of anhydroglucose unit. The degree of substitution can be determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ("NMR"), a method well known in the art. 1 The NMR can be determined using 1 H NMR. 1Examples of H NMR methods include those described in "Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Iodine-Complexing, and Solvating in Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide," Qin-Ji Peng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72; and "An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy," J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, Carbohydrate Research, 71 (1979), 15-25.

[0101] The starch source before chemical modification can be selected from various sources, such as tubers, legumes, cereals, and grains. For example, the starch source can include corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, waxy corn starch, oat starch, cassava starch, barley, waxy rice starch, gluten-like rice starch, sweet rice starch, amioca, potato starch, tapioca starch, oat starch, sago starch, sweet rice, or a mixture thereof. Suitable cationic modified starch polymers can be selected from degraded cationic corn starch, cationic tapioca, cationic potato starch, and a mixture thereof. Cationic modified starch polymers include cationic corn starch and cationic tapioca.

[0102] Starch may contain one or more additional modifications before or after degradation to smaller molecular weights. For example, these modifications may include cross-linking, stabilization, phosphorylation, and hydrolysis. Stabilization may include alkylation and esterification.

[0103] The cationically modified starch polymer may be included in the cleansing composition in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzymatic, or alkaline degradation), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid, hypochlorite, alkali, or any other oxidizing agent), physically / mechanically degraded starch (e.g., by thermomechanical energy input in processing equipment), or a combination thereof.

[0104] Starch can be easily dissolved in water and can form a substantially translucent solution in water.The transmittance of the composition is measured by ultraviolet-visible ("UV / VIS") absorbance measurement.This measurement method uses a Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color to measure the absorbance or transmittance of UV / VIS light of a sample.It has been shown that a light wavelength of 600 nm is suitable for characterizing the transparency of cleansing compositions.

[0105] Cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer The cleaning composition may include a cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers, the copolymer having a charge density of 1.0 meq / g to 3.0 meq / g. The cationic copolymer may be a synthetic cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers.

[0106] Suitable cationic polymers can include: (i) an acrylamide monomer of formula IX:

[0107] [ka] In the formula, R 9 is H or C 1~4 alkyl, and R 10 and R 11 are independently H, C 1~4 alkyl, CH2OCH3, CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2, and phenyl, or together selected from the group consisting of C 3~6It is cycloalkyl. (ii) Cationic monomers conforming to formula X:

[0108] [ka] In the formula, k=1, v, v′, and v″ are each independently an integer of 1 to 6, w is 0 or an integer of 1 to 10, and X - is an anion.

[0109] The cationic monomer can conform to the formula X, where k=1, v=3, and w=0, z=1; - Cl - which forms the following structure (Formula XI):

[0110] [ka] As can be appreciated, the above structure may also be referred to as a diquat.

[0111] The cationic monomer can conform to the formula X, where v and v″ are each 3, v′=1, w=1, y=1, and X - is Cl - forming a structure of formula XII:

[0112] [ka] The structure of formula XII can be referred to as a triquat.

[0113] The acrylamide monomer can be either acrylamide or methacrylamide. The cationic copolymer can be AM:TRIQUAT, which can be a copolymer of acrylamide and 1,3-propanediaminium, N-[2-[[[dimethyl[3-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]propyl]ammonio]acetyl]amino]ethyl]2-hydroxy-N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-, trichloride. AM:TRIQUAT is also known as polyquaternium 76 (PQ76). AM:TRIQUAT can have a charge density of 1.6 meq / g and a molecular weight of 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0114] The cationic copolymer may comprise an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, wherein the cationic monomer is selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0115] The cationic copolymer can comprise a cationic monomer selected from the group consisting of trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyl dimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0116] The cationic copolymer may be formed from (1) a copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and a (meth)acrylamide-based cationic monomer, and / or a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer, and (2) a terpolymer of (meth)acrylamide, a cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester-based monomer, a (meth)acrylamide-based monomer, and / or a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer. The cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester-based monomer may be a cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom may be a dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate quaternized at C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts of dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate quaternized with methyl chloride. The cationized ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternized nitrogen atom may be dimethylaminoethyl acrylate quaternized with an alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate (ADAME-Quat). When the cationic monomer is based on (meth)acrylamide, it is a dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide quaternized at C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups, or a dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide quaternized with an alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0117] The (meth)acrylamide-based cationic monomer may be a dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide quaternized at C1 to C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. The (meth)acrylamide-based cationic monomer may be a dimethylaminopropylacrylamide quaternized with an alkyl halide, particularly methyl chloride or benzyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate.

[0118] The cationic monomer may be a hydrolytically stable cationic monomer. In addition to dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide, the hydrolytically stable cationic monomer may be any monomer that can be considered stable to the OECD hydrolysis test. The cationic monomer may be hydrolytically stable, and the hydrolytically stable cationic monomer may be selected from the group consisting of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and water-soluble cationic styrene derivatives.

[0119] The cationic copolymer can be a terpolymer of acrylamide, 2-dimethylammoniumethyl(meth)acrylate quaternized with methyl chloride (ADAME-Q), and 3-dimethylammoniumpropyl(meth)acrylamide quaternized with methyl chloride (DIMAPA-Q). The cationic copolymer can be formed from acrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, where the acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride has a charge density of 1.0 meq / g to 3.0 meq / g.

[0120] The cationic copolymer can have a charge density of 1.1 meq / g to 2.5 meq / g (e.g., 1.1 meq / g to 2.3 meq / g, 1.2 meq / g to 2.2 meq / g, 1.2 meq / g to 2.1 meq / g, 1.3 meq / g to 2.0 meq / g, and 1.3 meq / g to 1.9 meq / g) and / or a molecular weight of 100,000 g / mol to 2,000,000 g / mol (e.g., 300,000 g / mol to 1,800,000 g / mol, 500,000 g / mol to 1,600,000 g / mol, 700,000 g / mol to 1,400,000 g / mol, and 900,000 g / mol to 1,200,000 g / mol).

[0121] The cationic copolymer can be trimethylammoniopropyl methacrylamide chloride-N-acrylamide copolymer, also known as AM:MAPTAC. AM:MAPTAC can have a charge density of 1.3 meq / g and a molecular weight of 1,100,000 g / mol. The cationic copolymer can be AM:ATPAC. AM:ATPAC can have a charge density of 1.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0122] synthetic polymers The cationic polymer is i) one or more cationic monomer units, and optionally, ii) one or more monomeric units that have a negative charge, and / or iii) non-ionic monomers. The subsequent charge of the copolymer is positive. The ratio of these three monomers is represented by "m", "p" and "q", where "m" is the number of cationic monomers, "p" is the number of monomers with a negative charge and "q" is the number of non-ionic monomers.

[0123] The cationic polymer can be a water-soluble or dispersible, non-crosslinked synthetic cationic polymer having the structure of Formula XIII:

[0124] [ka] wherein A may be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

[0125] [ka] wherein @ is an amide, alkylamide, ester, ether, alkyl, or alkylaryl; Y is C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl, or aryloxy; Ψ is C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylaryl, or alkylaryloxy; Z is C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, aryl or aryloxy; R1 is H, C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl; s is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1 or more, T and R7 are C1-C22 alkyl; X- is a halogen, hydroxide, alkoxide, sulfate, or alkyl sulfate.

[0126] In the above structure, the negatively charged monomer is defined by R2' being H, C1-C4 straight or branched chain alkyl, and R3 being:

[0127] [ka] wherein D is O, N, or S; Q is NH or O; u is 1 to 6; t is between 0 and 1, J is an oxygenated functional group containing the following elements: P, S, C. The nonionic monomer is a monomer in which R2'' is H, C1-C4 straight or branched chain alkyl, R6 is straight or branched chain alkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, alkyloxy, alkylaryloxy, and β is

[0128] [ka] (wherein G′ and G″ are independently O, S, or NH, and L is 0 or 1).

[0129] Suitable monomers include aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, (meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers containing at least one secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine functional group, or a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine, or ethyleneimine; diallyldialkylammonium salts; mixtures thereof, salts thereof, and macromonomers derived therefrom.

[0130] Further examples of suitable cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamido chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0131] Suitable cationic monomers include those of the formula -NR3 +(wherein each R may be the same or different and may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, optionally having a hydroxyl group, and including an anion (counter ion). Examples of suitable anions include halides such as chloride and bromide, sulfate, hydrosulfate, alkyl sulfates (e.g., containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphate, citrate, formate, and acetate.

[0132] Suitable cationic monomers also include trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride. A further suitable cationic monomer may include trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride.

[0133] Examples of negatively charged monomers include alpha-ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a phosphate or phosphonate group, alpha-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoalkyl esters of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkyl amides of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, alpha-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group, and salts of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0134] Suitable negatively charged monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, salts of vinyl sulfonic acid, vinylbenzene sulfonic acid, salts of vinylbenzene sulfonic acid, α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, salts of α-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, salts of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), salts of acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and styrenesulfonate (SS).

[0135] Examples of nonionic monomers include vinyl acetate, amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with hydrogenated or fluorinated alcohols, polyethylene oxide (meth)acrylates (i.e., polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acids), monoalkyl esters of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkyl amides of α-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitriles, vinylamine amides, vinyl alcohol, vinylpyrrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

[0136] Suitable nonionic monomers may also include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0137] Anionic counterions (X) bound to synthetic cationic polymers -) may be any known counterion so long as the polymer remains soluble or dispersible in water, the cleansing composition, or the coacervate phase of the cleansing composition, and so long as the counterion is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the cleansing composition or does not otherwise significantly impair the performance, stability, or aesthetics of the product. Non-limiting examples of suitable counterions include halides (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), sulfate, and methyl sulfate.

[0138] The cationic polymers described herein can also help repair damaged hair, particularly chemically treated hair, by providing a substitute hydrophobic F-layer. The microscopically thin F-layer provides natural weather resistance while helping to seal in moisture and prevent further damage. Chemical treatment damages the hair cuticle, causing the protective F-layer to peel off from the hair. As the F-layer peels off, the hair becomes more hydrophilic. Application of lyotropic liquid crystals to chemically treated hair has been found to make the hair more hydrophobic, giving it the appearance and feel of untreated hair. Without being bound by any theory, it is believed that the lyotropic liquid crystal complex forms a hydrophobic layer or film that coats and protects the hair fiber in the same way that a natural F-layer protects hair. The hydrophobic layer can restore hair to a healthier state, typically resembling untreated hair. Lyotropic liquid crystals are formed by combining the synthetic cationic polymers described herein with the anionic cleansing surfactant component of the above-mentioned cleansing composition.The charge density of synthetic cationic polymers is relatively high.It should be noted that some synthetic polymers with relatively high cationic charge density do not form lyotropic liquid crystals, mainly due to their abnormal linear charge density.Such synthetic cationic polymers are described in International Publication No. 94 / 06403, which is incorporated by reference.The synthetic polymers described herein can be incorporated into a stable cleansing composition, which improves the conditioning performance of damaged hair.

[0139] The cationic synthetic polymer capable of forming lyotropic liquid crystals has a cationic charge density of 2 meq / gm to 7 meq / gm, and / or 3 meq / gm to 7 meq / gm, and / or 4 meq / gm to 7 meq / gm. The cationic charge density is 6.2 meq / gm. The polymer also has a molecular weight of 1,000 to 5,000,000, and / or 10,000 to 2,000,000, and / or 100,000 to 2,000,000.

[0140] Cationic synthetic polymers that enhance conditioning and deposition of benefit agents, but do not necessarily form lyotropic liquid crystals, may have a cationic charge density of 0.7 meq / gm to 7 meq / gm, and / or 0.8 meq / gm to 5 meq / gm, and / or 1.0 meq / gm to 3 meq / gm. The polymers also have molecular weights of 1,000 g / mole to 5,000,000 g / mole, 10,000 g / mole to 2,000,000 g / mole, and 100,000 g / mole to 2,000,000 g / mole.

[0141] Cationic Cellulose Polymer A suitable cationic polymer may be a cellulose polymer. A suitable cellulose polymer may include a salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethylammonium-substituted epoxide, known in the art (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10, available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) as the Polymer LR, JR, and KG series polymers. Another suitable type of cationic cellulose may include a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryldimethylammonium-substituted epoxide, known in the art (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade name Polymer LM-200. Another suitable type of cationic cellulose may include a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryldimethylammonium-substituted epoxide and a trimethylammonium-substituted epoxide, known in the art (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 67. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade names SoftCAT Polymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100, Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H. The cationic cellulose polymers can have cationic charge densities of 0.2 meq / g to 2.2 meq / g, 0.3 meq / g to 2.0 meq / g, 0.4 meq / g to 1.8 meq / g, 0.5 meq / g to 1.7 meq / g, and 0.6 meq / g to 1.3 meq / g.

[0142] Additional cationic polymers are also described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC) (1982)), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0143] Techniques for analyzing the formation of complex coacervates are known in the art. For example, microscopic analysis of the composition at any selected dilution level can be used to determine whether a coacervate phase has formed. Such a coacervate phase can be identified as an additional emulsified phase in the composition. The use of dyes can help distinguish the coacervate phase from other insoluble phases dispersed in the composition. Further details regarding the use of cationic polymers and coacervates are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,272,164, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0144] Liquid Carrier As can be appreciated, the cleansing composition may desirably be in the form of a pourable liquid under ambient conditions. The inclusion of an appropriate amount of liquid carrier can facilitate the formation of a cleansing composition with appropriate viscosity and rheology. The cleaning composition may comprise 20% to 95% by weight of the liquid carrier, and 60% to 85% by weight of the liquid carrier. The liquid carrier may be an aqueous carrier, such as water.

[0145] Optional ingredients As can be appreciated, the cleansing compositions described herein can contain various optional ingredients to tailor the properties and characteristics of the compositions. As can be appreciated, suitable optional ingredients are well known and can generally include any ingredient that is physically and chemically compatible with the essential ingredients of the cleansing compositions described herein. Optional ingredients should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics, or performance. Individual concentrations of optional ingredients can generally range from 0.001% to 10% by weight of the cleansing composition. Optional ingredients can be further limited to ingredients that do not impair the transparency of the translucent cleansing composition.

[0146] Suitable optional ingredients that can be included in the cleansing composition can include co-surfactants, deposition aids, conditioning agents (such as hydrocarbon oils, fatty acid esters, silicones, etc.), anti-dandruff agents, suspending agents, viscosity adjusters, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water-soluble and water-insoluble), pearlescent aids, foam boosters, pediculicides, pH adjusters, fragrances, preservatives, chelating agents, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins.CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Tenth Edition (published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC)) (2004) (hereinafter referred to as "CTFA") describes various non-limiting materials that can be added to the composition herein.

[0147] Conditioning Agent The cleansing composition can include a silicone conditioning agent. Suitable silicone conditioning agents can include volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. When a silicone conditioning agent is included, the agent can be present in an amount of 0.01% to 10%, 0.1% to 8%, 0.1% to 5%, and / or 0.2% to 3% by weight of the composition. Examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents, and optional suspending agents for silicones, are described in U.S. Reissue Patent No. 34,584, U.S. Patent No. 5,104,646, and U.S. Patent No. 5,106,609, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable silicone conditioning agents may have a viscosity, measured at 25° C., of from 20 centistokes (“csk”) to 2,000,000 csk, from 1,000 csk to 1,800,000 csk, from 50,000 csk to 1,500,000 csk, and from 100,000 csk to 1,500,000 csk.

[0148] The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles can have a volume average particle size ranging from 0.01 micrometers to 50 micrometers. When small particles are applied to hair, the volume average particle size can range from 0.01 micrometers to 4 micrometers, 0.01 micrometers to 2 micrometers, or 0.01 micrometers to 0.5 micrometers. When larger particles are applied to hair, the volume average particle size is typically in the range of 5 micrometers to 125 micrometers, 10 micrometers to 90 micrometers, 15 micrometers to 70 micrometers, and / or 20 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

[0149] Further information on silicones, including sections discussing silicone fluids, rubbers, and resins, and the manufacture of silicones, can be found in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0150] Suitable silicone emulsions for the cleansing compositions described herein include emulsions of insoluble polysiloxanes prepared according to the instructions in U.S. Pat. No. 4,476,282 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0276087, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable insoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes such as α,ω hydroxy-terminated or α,ω alkoxy-terminated polysiloxanes having a molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 500,000 g / mol. The insoluble polysiloxanes may have an average molecular weight in the range of 50,000 to 500,000 g / mol. For example, the average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane may be in the range of 60,000 to 400,000, 75,000 to 300,000, or 100,000 to 200,000, or the average molecular weight may be 150,000 g / mol. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average particle size in the range of 30 nm to 10 micrometers. The average particle size may be, for example, in the range of 40 nm to 5 micrometers, 50 nm to 1 micrometer, 75 nm to 500 nm, or about 100 nm.

[0151] Other classes of silicones suitable for the cleaning compositions described herein include: i) silicone fluids, including silicone oils, which are flowable materials having a viscosity of less than 1,000,000 csk when measured at 25° C.; ii) aminosilicones, which contain at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; iii) cationic silicones, which contain at least one quaternary ammonium functional group; iv) silicone gums, including materials having a viscosity of 1,000,000 csk or greater when measured at 25° C.; v) silicone resins, including highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems; vi) high refractive index silicones, having a refractive index of at least 1.46; and vii) mixtures thereof.

[0152] Alternatively, the cleaning composition may be substantially free or free of silicones.

[0153] Organic Conditioning Materials The conditioning agent of the cleansing composition described herein may further comprise at least one organic conditioning material, such as an oil or wax, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents, such as the silicones described above. The organic material may be non-polymeric, oligomeric, or polymeric. The organic material may be in the form of an oil or wax and may be added to the cleansing formulation in neat or pre-emulsified form. Suitable examples of organic conditioning materials include: i) hydrocarbon oils; ii) polyolefins; iii) fatty esters; iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds; v) fatty alcohols; vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives; vii) quaternary ammonium compounds; and viii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to 2,000,000, including those with the CTFA designations PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M, and mixtures thereof.

[0154] emulsifier Various anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be used in the cleansing composition of the present invention.The anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be essentially either monomeric or polymeric.Examples of monomers include, but are not limited to, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates, soaps, and fatty acid esters, and their derivatives.Examples of polymers include, but are not limited to, polyacrylates, polyethylene glycols, and block copolymers, and their derivatives.Naturally occurring emulsifiers such as lanolin, lecithin, and lignin, and their derivatives are also non-limiting examples of useful emulsifiers.

[0155] chelating agents The cleansing composition can also contain a chelating agent. Suitable chelating agents include those described in A.E. Martell & R.M. Smith, Critical Stability Constants, Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York & London (1974) and A.E. Martell & R.D. Hancock, Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution, Plenum Press, New York & London (1996), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. With respect to chelating agents, the term "salts and their derivatives" refers to salts and derivatives that contain the same functional structure (e.g., the same chemical backbone) as the chelating agent being referred to and have similar or better chelating properties. This term includes alkali metal, alkaline earth, ammonium, substituted ammonium salts (i.e., monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium) salts, esters of chelating agents with acidic moieties, and mixtures thereof, particularly all sodium, potassium, or ammonium salts. The term "derivative" also includes larger molecules containing one or more chelating groups with the same functional structure as the parent chelator, such as "chelating surfactant" compounds such as those exemplified in U.S. Pat. No. 5,284,972, and the polymer EDDS (ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid) disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,747,440. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,284,972 and 5,747,440 are each incorporated herein by reference. Suitable chelators may further contain histidine.

[0156] The concentration of EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent in the cleansing composition can be low. For example, the EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent can be present at 0.01% by weight. A concentration greater than 10% by weight can raise formulation and / or human safety concerns. The concentration of EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent can be at least 0.01%, at least 0.05%, at least 0.1%, at least 0.25%, at least 0.5%, at least 1%, or at least 2% by weight of the cleansing composition.

[0157] Gel Network The cleansing composition may also contain a fatty alcohol gel network. The gel network is formed by combining a fatty alcohol with a surfactant in a ratio of 1:1 to 40:1, 2:1 to 20:1, and / or 3:1 to 10:1. Formation of the gel network involves heating an aqueous dispersion of a fatty alcohol with the surfactant to a temperature above the melting point of the fatty alcohol. During this mixing process, the fatty alcohol melts, partitioning the surfactant into fatty alcohol droplets. The surfactant then entrains water into the fatty alcohol, transforming the isotropic fatty alcohol droplets into liquid crystalline phase droplets. When the mixture is cooled below the chain melting temperature, the liquid crystalline phase transforms into a solid crystalline gel network. The gel network can provide several benefits to the cleansing composition. For example, the gel network can provide a stabilizing effect in cosmetic creams and hair conditioners. Additionally, the gel network can provide a conditioning feel benefit in hair conditioners and shampoos.

[0158] The fatty alcohol may be present in the gel network at a concentration of 0.05% to 14% by weight. For example, the fatty alcohol may be present in an amount ranging from 1% to 10% by weight and / or from 6% to 8% by weight.

[0159] Suitable fatty alcohols include those having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, 12 to 22 carbon atoms, 16 to 22 carbon atoms, and / or 16 to 18 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. A mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol in a ratio of 20:80 to 80:20 is preferred.

[0160] The gel network can be prepared by placing water in a container. The water can then be heated to 74°C. Cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and a surfactant can then be added to the heated water. After mixing, the resulting mixture can be passed through a heat exchanger, where it is cooled to 35°C. Upon cooling, the fatty alcohol and surfactant can crystallize to form a crystalline gel network. Table 1 lists the components and respective amounts of an exemplary gel network composition.

[0161] To prepare the gel network premix of Table 1, water is heated to 74° C. and the amounts of fatty alcohol and gel network surfactant shown in Table 1 are added thereto. After blending, the mixture is passed through a mill and a heat exchanger where it is cooled to 32° C. As a result of this cooling step, the fatty alcohol, gel network surfactant, and water form a crystalline gel network.

[0162] [Table 1] 1 For anionic gel networks, the suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants having a net negative charge, including, among others, sulfonates, carboxylates, and phosphates, and mixtures thereof.

[0163] For cationic gel networks, the suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants with a net positive charge, including quaternary ammonium surfactants and mixtures thereof.

[0164] For amphoteric or zwitterionic gel networks, such suitable gel network surfactants include surfactants that have both positive and negative charges at the product use pH, including, among others, betaines, amine oxides, sultaines, amino acids, and mixtures thereof.

[0165] Benefit Agents The cleansing composition can further comprise one or more beneficial agents.Exemplary beneficial agents include, but are not limited to, particles, colorants, perfume microcapsules, gel networks, and other insoluble skin or hair conditioning agents such as skin silicones, natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil.Benefit agents can be selected from the group consisting of particles; colorants; perfume microcapsules; gel networks; other insoluble skin or hair conditioning agents such as skin silicones, natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil; and mixtures thereof.

[0166] Suspension The cleansing composition may contain a suspending agent at a concentration effective to suspend water-insoluble materials in dispersed form in the composition or to adjust the viscosity of the composition. Such concentrations range from 0.1% to 10% and 0.3% to 5.0% by weight of the composition. However, as can be appreciated, when certain glyceride ester crystals are included, a suspending agent may not be necessary, as the specific glyceride ester crystals may act as a suitable suspending or structuring agent.

[0167] Suitable suspending agents include anionic and nonionic polymers. Vinyl polymers, such as cross-linked acrylic acid polymers with the CTFA name Carbomer, cellulose derivatives and modified cellulose polymers, such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crystalline cellulose, cellulose powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth, galactan, carob gum, guar gum, karaya gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill. Mill), starch (rice, corn, potato, wheat), algal colloids (algae extracts), microbiological polymers such as dextran, succinoglucan, pulleran, starch-based polymers such as carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch, alginic acid-based polymers such as sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, acrylate polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, and inorganic water-soluble materials such as bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, laponite, hectonite, and silicic anhydride are useful herein.

[0168] Other suitable suspending agents include crystalline suspending agents that can be classified as acyl derivatives, long-chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such suspending agents are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,741,855, incorporated herein by reference. Suitable suspending agents include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms. The suspending agent may be ethylene glycol stearates, both monostearate and distearate, particularly distearates containing less than 7% monostearate. Other suitable suspending agents include alkanolamides of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms or 16 to 18 carbon atoms, suitable examples of which include stearic acid monoethanolamide, stearic acid diethanolamide, stearic acid monoisopropanolamide, and stearic acid monoethanolamide stearate. Other long-chain acyl derivatives include long-chain esters of long-chain fatty acids (e.g., stearyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, etc.), long-chain esters of long-chain alkanolamides (e.g., stearamide diethanolamide distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate), and the glyceryl esters of the foregoing. Long-chain acyl derivatives, ethylene glycol esters of long-chain carboxylic acids, long-chain amine oxides, and alkanolamides of long-chain carboxylic acids may also be used as suspending agents.

[0169] Other long chain acyl derivatives suitable for use as suspending agents include N,N-dihydrocarbylamidobenzoic acids and their soluble salts (e.g., Na, K), especially N,N-di(hydrogenated) C 16 , C 18 and tallowamidobenzoic acid species, which are commercially available from Stepan® Company (Northfield, Ill., USA).

[0170] Examples of long chain amine oxides suitable for use as suspending agents include alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, such as stearyl dimethyl amine oxide.

[0171] Other suitable suspending agents include primary amines having a fatty alkyl moiety of at least 16 carbon atoms (examples of which include palmitamine or stearamine) and secondary amines having two fatty alkyl moieties, each having at least 12 carbon atoms (examples of which include dipalmitoylamine or di(hydrogenated tallow)amine). Still other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenated tallow)phthalamide and crosslinked maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymer.

[0172] Viscosity modifier The shampoo composition may be free or substantially free of viscosity modifiers other than organic salts.

[0173] In some examples, the composition may contain a viscosity modifier instead of or in addition to the organic salt. Viscosity modifiers can be used to adjust the rheology of the cleansing composition. Suitable viscosity modifiers include carbomers having the trade names Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, and Carbopol 981, all available from BFGoodrich Company; acrylates / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer having the trade name ACRYSOL 22, available from Rohm and Hass; nonoxynyl hydroxyethyl cellulose having the trade name AMERCELL POLYMER HM-1500, available from Amerchol; methylcellulose having the trade name BENECEL, hydroxyethyl cellulose having the trade name NATROSOL, hydroxypropyl cellulose having the trade name KLUCEL, cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose having the trade name POLYSURF 67, all supplied by Hercules; ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide based polymers having the trade names CARBOWAX PEG, POLYOX WASR, and UCON FLUIDS, all supplied by Amerchol. Other suitable rheology modifiers include crosslinked acrylates, crosslinked maleic anhydride comethyl vinyl ether, hydrophobically modified associative polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0174] dispersed particles Dispersed particles known in the art can be included in cleansing compositions.When containing such dispersed particles, particles can be incorporated at a concentration of 0.025% by weight or more, 0.05% by weight or more, 0.1% by weight or more, 0.25% by weight or more, and 0.5% by weight or more of the composition.But cleaning compositions can also contain 20% by weight or less of dispersed particles, 10% by weight or less of dispersed particles, 5% by weight or less of dispersed particles, 3% by weight or less of dispersed particles, and 2% by weight or less of the composition.

[0175] As can be understood, the cleansing composition may further comprise optional components.For example, it may comprise amino acids.Suitable amino acids may include, for example, water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, C, pantothenic acid, pantothenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin and derivatives thereof; water-soluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole, glutamic acid and salts thereof; water-insoluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and derivatives thereof; water-insoluble amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptamine and salts thereof.

[0176] An anti-dandruff agent may be included. As can be appreciated, the formation of a coacervate facilitates deposition of the anti-dandruff agent on the scalp.

[0177] Suitable anti-dandruff agents include pyridinethione salts, azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, and mixtures thereof. Such anti-dandruff particulates must be physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the composition and must not otherwise unduly impair the stability, aesthetics, or performance of the product. The shampoo composition may also contain a cationic polymer to enhance deposition of the anti-dandruff active.

[0178] The anti-dandruff agent may be pyridinethione particles, such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione salts. The concentration of pyridinethione anti-dandruff particles may range from 0.1% to 4%, 0.1% to 3%, and 0.3% to 2% by weight of the composition. Suitable pyridinethione salts include those formed from heavy metals such as zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminum, and zirconium. Particularly preferred are zinc salts of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (known as "zinc pyridinethione" or "ZPT") and 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione salts in the form of tabular particles having an average particle size of 20 μm or less, 5 μm or less, or 2.5 μm or less. Salts formed from other cations, such as sodium, may also be suitable. Pyridinethione antidandruff agents are further described in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,809,971, 3,236,733, 3,753,196, 3,761,418, 4,345,080, 4,323,683, 4,379,753, and 4,470,982, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. When ZPT is used as an antidandruff particle, it is believed that hair growth or regrowth may be stimulated or regulated, or both, or hair loss may be reduced or inhibited, or hair may appear thicker or fuller.

[0179] In addition to the anti-dandruff active selected from polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, the shampoo composition may further comprise one or more antifungal or antibacterial actives in addition to the metal pyrithione salt active. Suitable antibacterial active substances include coal tar, sulfur, Whitfield's ointment, Castellani liniment, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, octopirox (piroctone olamine), ciclopirox olamine, undecylenic acid and its metal salts, potassium permanganate, selenium sulfide, sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, bitter orange oil, urea preparations, griseofulvin, 8-hydroxyquinoline citric acid, thiobendazole, thiocarbamates, haloprogin, polyenes, hydroxypyridones, morpholines, benzylamines, allylamines (e.g., terbinafine), tea tree oil, clove leaf oil, coriander, palmarosa, berberine, thyme red, cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, citronellic acid, hinokitol, ichthyol pale, Sensiva SC-50, Elestab Suitable antibacterial agents include HP-100, azelaic acid, lyticase, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), isothiazarinones and azoles such as octylisothiazarinone, and combinations thereof. Suitable antibacterial agents can include itraconazole, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, and coal tar.

[0180] Suitable antibacterial agents may be one or a mixture selected from the group consisting of azoles such as climbazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, econazole, and elubiol; hydroxypyridones such as piroctone olamine, ciclopirox, rilopirox, and MEA-hydroxyoctyloxypyridinone; keratolytic agents such as salicylic acid and other hydroxy acids; strobilurins such as azoxystrobin, and metal chelators such as 1,10-phenanthroline. Examples of azole antibacterial agents include imidazoles such as benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, bifonazole, butaconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole, cloconazole, eberconazole, econazole, elubiol, fenticonazole, fluconazole, flutimazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, lanoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, neticonazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, tioconazole, thiazoles, and triazoles such as terconazole and itraconazole, and combinations thereof. When present in a shampoo composition, the soluble antimicrobial active may be included in an amount from 0.01% to 5%, 0.5% to 6%, 0.1% to 3%, 0.1% to 9%, 0.1% to 1.5%, 0.1% to 2%, and even 0.3% to 2% by weight of the composition.

[0181] Selenium sulfide is a particulate anti-dandruff agent suitable for use in antimicrobial compositions when included at concentrations of 0.1% to 4%, 0.3% to 2.5%, and 0.5% to 1.5% by weight of the composition. Selenium sulfide is generally considered to be a compound having one mole of selenium and two moles of sulfur, but has the general formula Se x S ywhere x+y=8. The average particle size of selenium sulfide is typically less than 15 micrometers (e.g., 10 micrometers or less) as measured by forward laser light scattering (e.g., Malvern 3600 instrument). Selenium sulfide compounds are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,694,668, 3,152,046, 4,089,945, and 4,885,107, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0182] Sulfur may be used as a particulate antibacterial / anti-dandruff agent. Effective concentrations of particulate sulfur are typically from 1% to 4%, alternatively from 2% to 4%, by weight of the composition.

[0183] Keratolytic agents, such as salicylic acid, may also be included in the shampoo compositions described herein.

[0184] The cleaning compositions may optionally contain pigment materials such as inorganic, nitroso, monoazo, disazo, carotenoid, triphenylmethane, triarylmethane, xanthene, quinoline, oxazine, azine, anthraquinone, indigoid, thioindigoid, quinacridone, phthalocyanine, natural plant dyes, and the like, including water-soluble components such as those having CI designations.

[0185] One or more stabilizers and preservatives may be included. For example, to improve the shelf life of the personal care composition, one or more of trihydroxystearin, ethylene glycol distearate, citric acid, sodium citrate dihydrate, preservatives such as kathon, sodium chloride, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) may be included. The stabilizers and / or preservatives may be used at levels of 0.10% to 2%. Particularly suitable is sodium benzoate at levels of 0.10% to 0.45%. The personal care composition may also include citric acid at levels of 0.5% to 2%. Sodium benzoate and citric acid may be added to the personal care composition alone or in combination.

[0186] Method for producing cleansing composition The cleansing composition described herein can be formed in the same manner as known cleansing compositions.For example, the manufacturing process of cleansing composition can include the steps of mixing surfactant, cationic polymer and liquid carrier together to form cleansing composition.Sclerotium gum can be incorporated into the composition by first dispersing it in water with a polymer to water ratio of 1:80 using high-shear grinding equipment (for example, IKA T25 DS1 Digital Ultra Turrax homogenizer), adjusting grinding speed and grinding time to achieve desired batch viscosity and rheology.Then, the remaining ingredients are added to complete the batch.

[0187] Additional information regarding suitable sulfate-free surfactants and other ingredients for shampoo compositions can be found in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2019 / 0105247 and 2019 / 0105246.

[0188] Test Method Argentometric method for determining weight percent of inorganic chloride salts. The weight percent of inorganic chloride salts in a composition can be measured using a potentiometric method in which chloride ions in the composition are titrated with silver nitrate. Silver ions react with chloride ions from the composition to form an insoluble precipitate, silver chloride. This method uses an electrode (Mettler Toldeeo DM141) designed for potentiometric titration of anions that precipitate with silver. The largest change in signal occurs at the equivalence point, where the amount of silver ions added equals the amount of chloride ions in the solution. The concentration of the silver nitrate solution used should be calibrated using standards and chloride solutions known to those skilled in the art, such as sodium chloride solutions containing known amounts of sodium chloride, to ensure that results match known concentrations. This type of titration involving silver ions is known as argentometry and is commonly used to determine the amount of chloride present in a sample.

[0189] Method for determining the absence of in situ coacervates in a composition prior to dilution 1. Microscopy Method to Determine the Absence of In Situ Coacervate The absence of in situ coacervates can be determined using a microscope. If necessary, the composition is mixed and homogenized. The composition is then sampled onto a microscope slide and mounted under a microscope according to typical microscopy practices. For example, the sample is observed with a 10x or 20x objective lens. If in situ coacervates are present in the sample, an amorphous gel-like phase with a particle size of 20 nm to 200 nm can be seen throughout the sample. This amorphous gel-like phase may also be described as gel clumps or gel spheres. In this method, the in situ coacervates are separated from other ingredients intentionally added to the formulation that form flocks or otherwise appear as particles under a microscope.

[0190] Figure 4 is an exemplary photomicrograph at a 20x objective of a commercially available sulfate-free shampoo composition containing a cationic polymer and also having in situ coacervates. Reference numeral 1 in Figure 4 shows amorphous gel-like phases 130 nm in length, which are in situ coacervates. Figure 5 is an exemplary photomicrograph at a 10x objective of the same commercially available shampoo composition used at a 20x objective in Figure 4. Figure 5 shows many of these amorphous gel-like phases, which are present at lengths between 20 nm and 200 nm.

[0191] 2. Clarity evaluation - Transmittance (%T) measurement The absence of in situ coacervates can also be determined by the clarity of the composition: a composition that does not contain in situ coacervates will be clear if it does not contain any ingredients that would otherwise give it a cloudy appearance.

[0192] The clarity of a composition can be measured by % transmittance. In this evaluation to determine whether a composition is free of coacervates, the composition must be made without ingredients that would give the composition a cloudy appearance, such as silicones, opacifiers, non-silicone oils, mica, and gums or anionic rheology modifiers. While the addition of these ingredients is believed to prevent in situ coacervates from forming prior to use, these ingredients obscure the clarity measurement by % transmittance.

[0193] Clarity can be measured by percent transmittance (%T) using ultraviolet / visible (UV / VI) spectroscopy, which measures the transmission of UV / VIS light through a sample. A light wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be suitable for characterizing the degree of light transmittance through a sample. It is typically best to follow the specific instructions for the particular spectrophotometer being used. Generally, the procedure for measuring percent transmittance begins by setting the spectrophotometer to 600 nm. A calibration "blank" is then run to calibrate the readout to 100 percent transmittance. A single test sample is then placed in a cuvette designed to fit the particular spectrophotometer, taking care to ensure there are no air bubbles in the sample, before measuring the %T with the spectrophotometer at 600 nm. Alternatively, multiple samples can be measured simultaneously using a spectrophotometer such as the SpectraMax M-5, available from Molecular Devices. Multiple samples are transferred to a 96-well visible flat-bottom plate (Greiner part number 655-001), ensuring there are no air bubbles in the sample. The flat-bottom plate is placed in a SpectraMax M-5, available from Molecular Devices, and %T is measured using Software Pro v.5™ software.

[0194] 3.Lasentec FBRM method The absence of in situ coacervates can also be measured using the Lasentec FBRM method without dilution. The Lasentec Focused Beam Reflectance Method (FBRM) (Model S400A, available from Mettler Toledo Corp) can be used to determine the size and quantity of flocs, measured in chord length and particles / sec (numbers per second).

[0195] 4. In situ Coacervate Centrifugation Method The absence of in situ coacervate can also be measured by centrifuging the composition and measuring the in situ coacervate gravimetrically. This method requires the composition to be made without a suspending agent to allow for separation of the in situ coacervate phase. The composition is centrifuged at 9200 rpm for 20 minutes using a Beckman Couler TJ25 centrifuge. Several time / rpm combinations can be used. The supernatant is then removed, and the remaining settled in situ coacervate is assessed gravimetrically. The % in situ coacervate is calculated as the weight of settled in situ coacervate as a percentage of the weight of the composition added to the centrifuge tube using the following formula: This quantifies the proportion of the composition participating in the in situ coacervate phase.

[0196]

number

[0197] Determining the performance improvement due to the absence of in situ coacervate prior to dilution The compositions do not contain in situ coacervate prior to dilution, and therefore the quantity and quality of coacervate upon dilution is better than compositions that contain in situ coacervate prior to dilution, resulting in better wet conditioning and active deposition from compositions that do not contain coacervate prior to dilution compared to compositions that contain coacervate prior to dilution.

[0198] 1. Measuring % Transmittance (%T) during dilution Coacervate formation upon dilution of a transparent or translucent composition can be assessed by measuring the percent light transmitted (%T) through the diluted sample using a spectrophotometer. As the measured percent light transmission (%T) value of the dilution decreases, typically, a higher level of coacervate is formed. Diluted samples can be prepared at various weight ratios of water to composition, such as 2 parts water to 1 part composition (2:1), or 7.5 parts water to 1 part composition (7.5:1), or 16 parts water to 1 part composition (16:1), or 34 parts water to 1 part composition (34:1), and the %T can be measured for each dilution ratio. Examples of possible dilution ratios include 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7.5:1, 11:1, 16:1, 24:1, or 34:1. By averaging the %T values ​​of samples across a range of dilution ratios, it is possible to simulate and ascertain how much coacervate a composition will form, on average, when a consumer applies the composition to wet hair, lathers it, and then rinses it off. The average %T can be calculated by taking the numerical average of the individual %T measurements for the following dilution ratios: 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7.5:1, 11:1, 16:1, 24:1, and 34:1. A lower average %T indicates that more coacervate will form, on average, when a consumer applies the composition to wet hair, lathers it, and then rinses it off.

[0199] %T can be measured using ultraviolet / visible (UV / VI) spectroscopy, which determines the transmission of UV / VIS light through a sample. A light wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be suitable for characterizing the degree of light transmittance through a sample. It is typically best to follow the specific instructions for the particular spectrophotometer being used. Generally, the procedure for measuring percent transmittance begins by setting the spectrophotometer to 600 nm. A calibration "blank" is then run to calibrate the readout to 100 percent transmittance. A single test sample is then placed in a cuvette designed to fit the particular spectrophotometer, taking care to ensure there are no air bubbles in the sample before measuring %T with the spectrophotometer at 600 nm. Alternatively, multiple samples can be measured simultaneously using a spectrophotometer such as the SpectraMax M-5 available from Molecular Devices. Multiple diluted samples can be prepared in a 96-well plate (VWR catalog number 82006-448) and then transferred to a 96-well visible flat-bottom plate (Greiner part number 655-001), ensuring there are no air bubbles in the sample. The flat-bottom plate is placed in a SpectraMax M-5, available from Molecular Devices, and %T is measured using Software Pro v.5™ software.

[0200] 2. Evaluation of coacervate aggregate particle size upon dilution The coacervate aggregate particle size upon dilution can be visually assessed. Dilution samples can be prepared at various weight ratios of water to composition, such as 2 parts water to 1 part composition (2:1), or 7.5 parts water to 1 part composition (7.5:1), or 16 parts water to 1 part composition (16:1), or 34 parts water to 1 part composition (34:1), and the %T can be measured for each dilution ratio. Examples of possible dilution ratios include 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7.5:1, 11:1, 16:1, 24:1, or 34:1.

[0201] 3. Wet Combing Force Method General population hair switches, 8 inches long and weighing 4 grams, are used for the measurements. Each switch is treated with four cycles of cleansing composition (one lather / rinse step per cycle, 0.1 grams of cleansing composition per gram of hair in each lather / rinse step, with drying between cycles). Four switches are treated with each shampoo. The hair is not dried after the final treatment cycle. While the hair is wet, it is pulled through the fine-toothed halves of two Beautician 3000 combs. The force pulling the switch through the comb is measured by a friction analyzer (such as an Instron or MTS tensile tester) equipped with a load cell and reported in grams-force (gf). This pull is repeated for a total of five pulls per switch. The average wet combing force is calculated by averaging the force measurements from the five pulls on the four switches treated with each cleansing composition. The data can be presented as the average wet combing force through one or both of the two combs.

[0202] 4. Attachment method The deposition of active substance can be measured in vitro in hair tresses or in vivo on panelists' heads.A controlled amount of composition is applied to hair tresses or panelists' heads, and washed according to conventional washing protocols.For hair tresses, the tresses can be sampled and tested by suitable analytical measurement to determine the deposition amount of given active substance.To measure the deposition of panelists' scalp, the hair is then divided on the scalp area so that an open-end glass cylinder can be held on the surface, and simultaneously add an aliquot of extraction solution, stir, and then collect, and analytically quantify the deposition amount of given active substance.To measure the deposition of panelists' hair, a given amount of hair is sampled and then tested by suitable analytical measurement to determine the deposition amount of given active substance.

[0203] Cone and Plate Viscosity Measurement The viscosity of the examples is measured with a Brookfield Rheometer R / S Plus Cone / Plate Controlled Stress manufactured by Brookfield Engineering Laboratories (Stoughton, MA). The cone used (Spindle C-75-1) has a diameter of 75 mm and an angle of 1°. The viscosity is measured at a constant shear rate of 2 s -1 A steady-state flow experiment is used to determine the liquid viscosity at 26.7°C. The sample size is 2.5 mL to 3 mL, and the total measurement read time is 3 minutes.

[0204] Foam Characterization - Kruss DFA100 Foam Characterization A cleansing composition dilution of 1 part cleanser to 10 parts water by weight is prepared. The shampoo dilution is dispensed into a Kruss DFA100, which generates foam and measures foam properties.

[0205] pH method First, calibrate your Mettler Toledo Seven Compact pH meter. To do this, power on the pH meter and wait 30 seconds. Next, remove the electrode from the storage solution, rinse it with distilled water, and carefully wipe the electrode with a scientific cleaning wipe, such as Kimwipe®. Immerse the electrode in a pH 4 buffer solution and press the calibrate button. Wait until the pH icon stops flashing and press the calibrate button a second time. Rinse the electrode with distilled water and carefully wipe the electrode with a scientific cleaning wipe. Next, immerse the electrode in a pH 7 buffer solution and press the calibrate button a second time. Wait until the pH icon stops flashing and press the calibrate button a third time. Rinse the electrode with distilled water and carefully wipe the electrode with a scientific cleaning wipe. Next, immerse the electrode in a pH 10 buffer solution and press the calibrate button a third time. Wait until the pH icon stops flashing and press the measure button. Rinse the electrode with distilled water and carefully wipe the electrode with a scientific cleaning wipe. Immerse the electrode in the test sample and press the read button. Wait until the pH icon stops flashing and record the value. [Example]

[0206] The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments within the scope of the present invention. These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0207] The following examples illustrate various shampoo compositions. The examples in Tables 2 and 3 were prepared using conventional formulation and mixing techniques. Sclerotium gum was incorporated using high shear milling as described herein.

[0208] The total sodium chloride in the examples in Tables 2 and 3 was 0.07%. The total sodium chloride in the following tables was calculated based on product specifications from the supplier. The ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant in Tables 2 and 3 was 0.9:1. The ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant is calculated in weight percent. The ratio of polymer charge density to inorganic salt in Tables 2 and 3 was 18:1.

[0209] The polymer charge density to inorganic salt ratio is the charge density of the polymer (meq / gm) to the weight percent of the inorganic salt, ignoring units. If the composition contains more than one cationic polymer, the ratio is calculated according to the polymer with the lowest charge density.

[0210] Phase stability was determined for the Examples and Comparative Examples in Tables 2 and 3 as follows. The Examples were prepared and immediately placed in clear glass jars at least 1 inch wide. The jars were fitted with screw-top lids and hand-tightened. The Examples were stored at ambient temperature (20-25°C) and out of direct sunlight for 5 days. The compositions were then inspected to determine whether any cloudiness and / or precipitation was visually detectable. The cloudiness and / or precipitation could be present throughout the liquid shampoo composition or portions thereof, and / or suspended at or near the bottom of the container. If either cloudiness or precipitation was present, the composition was determined to have multiple phases and not be phase stable. Figures 6A and 6B show Comparative Examples C5 (containing 0.5% konjac gum thickener) and C6 (containing 0.5% gellan gum thickener), respectively. In both Figures 6A and 6B, precipitation can be seen toward the bottom of the container. If neither cloudiness nor precipitation was present, in situ coacervation was not present, and the composition was determined to be a stable single phase. The stable shampoo examples are believed to have improved product performance compared to examples that were not phase stable.

[0211] As used herein, "visually detectable" or "visually detectable" means that a human observer can visually discern the quality of an embodiment with the naked eye (with the exception of standard corrective lenses adapted to correct myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism, or other visual correction) from a distance of one meter under illumination at least equivalent to the illuminance of a standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb.

[0212] The examples in Tables 2 and 3 could also be formulated with silicones, opacifiers (e.g., glycol distearate, glycol stearate), non-silicone oils, mica, gums, or anionic rheology modifiers, and other ingredients that would give the shampoo a cloudy or cloudier appearance, however, the addition of these ingredients is not believed to result in the formation of in situ coacervates or other phase instabilities prior to use.

[0213] [Table 2]

[0214] C1 and C2 in Table 2 were phase stable. However, because neither example contained a thickener, the viscosity was too low for consumer preference. These examples would be difficult for a user to hold in the palm of their hand and apply throughout the hair.

[0215] C3 to C6 contain anionic thickeners (e.g., xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, and gellan gum) that separate into multiple phases, which may affect not only the appearance of the product but also its performance. Therefore, C3 to C6 are likely to be unpopular with consumers.

[0216] Yield stress was not measured for the examples in Table 2 because these examples were not acceptable to consumers.

[0217] [Table 3]

[0218] The examples in Table 3 are phase stable, have a pH that prevents surfactant hydrolysis (e.g., 5.5 or greater), and have consumer-acceptable viscosities (e.g., 2700 Pa or greater). These examples are believed to be more likely to be preferred by consumers than the comparative examples in Table 2.

[0219] The examples in Tables 4 and 5 can also be made and are believed to be stable and have consumer-acceptable viscosities. The examples in Table 4 have 0.7% total sodium chloride and a polymer charge density to inorganic salt ratio of 18:1 based on specifications from the supplier.

[0220] [Table 4]

[0221] [Table 5] 1. Mackam® DAB-ULS available from Solvay®. Specification range: solids = 34-36%, sodium chloride = 0-0.5%. Average values ​​used in calculations: active substance = 35%, sodium chloride = 0.25%. 2. Hostapon® SCI-85C available from Clariant® 3. SP Crodasinic™ LS30 / NP MBAL available from Croda® 4. UCARE™ Polymer JR-30M available from Dow® 5. Sclerotium gum, Amigum ER available from Alban Muller® 6. Sclerotium gum, Actigum® CS 11 QD available from Cargill® 7. Sclerotium gum and lemon peel powder, Fiber Design Sensation® available from Cargill® 8. Xanthan gum, Keltrol® CG-SFT available from CP Kelco® 9. Carrageenan, GENUVISCO® Carrageenan CG-131 available from CP Kelco® 10. Konjac Gum, Nutricol® XP 3464 available from FMC Corporation 11. Gellan gum, Kelcogel® CG-LA available from CP Kelco®. 12. Citric Acid USP Anhydrous Fine Granules available from ADM® 13. Sodium Benzoate available from Kalama® 14. Sodium salicylate available from JQC (Huayin) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 15. Sodium chloride was removed, resulting in 33.05% dry residue, 0.21% sodium chloride, 32.84% active substance, Dehyton® PK45 from BASF, used in the calculations. 16. TEGO® Betain CK PH 12 available from Evonik®. Specification range: active substance = 28-32%, sodium chloride = 4.5-6%. Average values ​​used for calculation: active substance = 30%, sodium chloride = 5.25%. 17. Octirox® available from Clariant® 18. Zinc Pyrithione available from Lonza® 19. UCARE™ Polymer KG-30M available from Dow®

[0222] Combination examples A. A stable shampoo composition comprising: a. i. 3% to 35%, preferably 3% to 30%, more preferably 4% to 20%, even more preferably 5% to 15%, and most preferably 6% to 12% of an anionic surfactant, and ii. a surfactant system comprising 5% to 15%, preferably 7% to 12%, more preferably 8% to 10%, of an amphoteric surfactant, the surfactant system being substantially free of sulfated surfactants; b. 0.01% to 3%, preferably 0.075% to 2.0%, more preferably 0.1% to 1.0%, of a cationic polymer; c. 0.15% to 1.5% thickening agent, preferably 0.25% to 1.25% thickening agent, more preferably 0.3% to 1.2% thickening agent, and even more preferably 0.5% to 1.0% thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises sclerotium gum; and having a viscosity of greater than 2500 cP, preferably greater than 4500 cP, preferably greater than 5000 cP, and a pH of greater than 5.5, preferably greater than 5.7, more preferably greater than 5.8. B. The stable shampoo composition of paragraph A, further comprising less than 1%, preferably less than 0.8%, more preferably less than 0.5%, and most preferably less than 0.2% of inorganic salts. C. The stable shampoo composition of paragraph A or B, having a viscosity of from 2.5 Pa·s to 20 Pa·s, preferably from 3 Pa·s to 15 Pa·s, more preferably from 4 Pa·s to 13 Pa·s, and most preferably from 5 Pa·s to 10 Pa·s, according to the Cone and Plate Viscosity Measurement Test Method. D. The composition of any of paragraphs A-C, wherein the stable shampoo composition has a pH of 5.5 to 7, preferably 5.6 to 6.9, more preferably 5.7 to 6.8, and even more preferably 5.8 to 6.7, according to the pH Test Method. According to the E. Herschel-Bulkley test method, a shear rate of 10 -2 ~10 -4 s -1 The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-D, having a yield stress of greater than 0.003 Pa, preferably greater than 0.005 Pa, more preferably greater than 0.010 Pa, and most preferably greater than 0.015 Pa. F.1. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-E having a polymer charge density to total inorganic salt ratio of 1:1 or greater, preferably 1.2:1 or greater, more preferably 1.3:1 or greater, and even more preferably 1.5:1 or greater. G. A stable shampoo composition according to any of paragraphs A-F, having an anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant ratio of from 0.25:1 to 3:1, preferably from 0.4:1 to 2:1, more preferably from 0.5:1 to 1.5:1, even more preferably from 0.6:1 to 1.25:1, and most preferably from 0.75:1 to 1:1. H. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-G, wherein the shampoo composition is substantially free of at least one of alkyl polyglucosides, fatty acid esters, and silicones. I. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-H, wherein the %T at 600 nm is greater than 70, preferably greater than 75%, more preferably greater than 80%, and most preferably greater than 90%. J. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs AI, wherein the shampoo composition lacks in situ coacervate as determined by a microscopy method to determine the lack of in situ coacervate. K. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-J, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of isethionates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of ether sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfosuccinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfoacetates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glycinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sarcosinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glutamates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of alaninates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of carboxylates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of taurates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of phosphate esters; and combinations thereof. L. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-K, wherein the cationic polymer is selected from cationic guar, cationic cellulose, cationic synthetic homopolymer, cationic synthetic copolymer, and combinations thereof. M. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-L, wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from betaines, sultaines, hydroxysultans, amphohydroxypropylsulfonates, alkylamphoacetates, alkylamphodiacetates, and combinations thereof. N. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-M, further comprising an anti-dandruff agent. O. The stable shampoo composition of any of paragraphs A-N, wherein the anti-dandruff agent is selected from piroctone olamine, zinc pyrithione, and combinations thereof.

[0223] Dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "40 mm."

[0224] All documents cited herein, including any cross-referenced or related patents or patent applications, and any patent applications or patents to which this application claims priority or benefit, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, unless expressly stated to the contrary. The citation of any document shall not be deemed to be prior art to any invention disclosed or claimed herein, or to teach, suggest, or disclose any such invention, either alone or in combination with any other reference(s). Furthermore, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

[0225] While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. 1. A stable shampoo composition comprising: a. i. 3% to 35% anionic surfactant, and ii. a surfactant system comprising 5% to 15% amphoteric surfactant, wherein the surfactant system is substantially free of sulfated surfactants; b. 0.01% to 3% of a cationic polymer; c. 0.15% to 1.5% thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises sclerotium gum; Including, The stable shampoo composition contains less than about 1% inorganic salts and has a polymer charge density to total inorganic salt ratio of 1.2:1 or greater; A stable shampoo composition has a viscosity of greater than 2500 cP and a pH of greater than 5.

5. A stable shampoo composition.

2. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt is selected from sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bromide, and combinations thereof.

3. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1 having a viscosity of greater than 4000 cP.

4. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1 having a pH greater than 5.

7.

5. According to the Herschel-Bulkley test method, a shear rate of 10 -2 ~10 -4 s -1 2. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, having a yield stress of greater than 0.003 Pa at 250°C.

6. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, which is substantially free of alkyl polyglucosides.

7. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, which is substantially free of fatty acid esters.

8. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the % T at 600 nm is greater than 70.

9. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, which is devoid of in situ coacervates as determined by a microscopy method to determine the absence of in situ coacervates.

10. 2. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of isethionates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of ether sulfonates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfosuccinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfoacetates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glycinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sarcosinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glutamate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of alaninates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of carboxylates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of taurates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of phosphate esters; and combinations thereof.

11. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the cationic polymer is selected from cationic guar, cationic cellulose, cationic synthetic homopolymers, cationic synthetic copolymers, and combinations thereof.

12. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from betaines, sultaines, hydroxysultans, amphohydroxypropylsulfonates, alkylamphoacetates, alkylamphodiacetates, and combinations thereof.

13. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, further comprising an anti-dandruff agent.

14. 14. The stable shampoo composition of claim 13, wherein the anti-dandruff agent is selected from piroctone olamine, zinc pyrithione, and combinations thereof.

15. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, which is substantially free of silicones.

16. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, comprising no more than nine ingredients.

17. 10. The stable shampoo composition of claim 1, wherein the sclerotium gum is added using high shear milling.

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