Revetment block and revetment structure

Abstract

To provide revetment blocks which can be easily connected to each other, and which can firmly protect a river bed, a sea bottom, a slope, a coast, a river bank, etc.SOLUTION: Three branch parts 21-22 which are radially arranged, rod-shaped, and made of concrete, and which are fixed to an 2b of a branch end of each of the branch parts 21-22 and arranged in a direction orthogonal to an axial direction of each of the branch parts 21-22; In the revetment block 1A, the axial centers of the leg parts 3 are all arranged in the same direction, and the axial center position of one (branch part 21) of the three branch parts 21-22 in the axial center direction of the leg part 3 is different from the axial center positions of the other two branch parts 22 by the thickness of the branch parts 21-22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to revetment blocks that can be easily connected to each other and can provide strong protection for riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc., and to revetment structures using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In general, slopes that are artificially created by cutting and filling earth are at risk of causing landslides due to rainfall. Furthermore, conventionally known wave dissipating blocks that are installed on riverbeds, seabeds, coasts or riverbanks, i.e., conventionally known wave dissipating blocks that have protrusions protruding evenly in four three-dimensional directions from a central base, are installed so that the wave dissipating blocks are connected to each other as much as possible, for example by placing protrusions of other wave dissipating blocks between the protrusions, but it is difficult to say that the connection between the wave dissipating blocks is strong. These wave-breaking blocks are made of concrete and do not have a very high specific gravity, so they have the problem of being easily swept away when a tsunami hits. Furthermore, when conventionally known slope forming blocks or wave dissipating blocks, which are concrete molded bodies, are laid on slopes, coasts or riverbanks, the slopes, coasts or riverbanks are covered with artificial objects, which causes a problem of damaging the natural landscape.

[0003] In order to address the above-mentioned problems, the applicant of the present invention has been researching for many years technologies relating to slope structures that combine slope-forming blocks with natural stones to more securely protect riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc., while their appearance blends in with the surrounding landscape, and has filed numerous patent applications. Among these, prior applications that are considered to be related to the present invention include Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 shown below.

[0004] Patent document 1 discloses an invention titled "Blocks, molds thereof, and construction method using the blocks," which relates to blocks used to form slopes and revetments, molds thereof, and a construction method using the blocks. The block disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a block having a columnar main body, a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a third protrusion protruding vertically from one end of the main body, and a fourth protrusion, a fifth protrusion, and a sixth protrusion protruding vertically from another end formed with a larger diameter than the one end of the main body and being taller than the first to third protrusions, wherein the first to third protrusions and the fourth to sixth protrusions are equally spaced circumferentially at the one end and the other end, respectively, the first protrusion and the fourth protrusion, the second protrusion and the fifth protrusion, and the third protrusion and the sixth protrusion are each located at the same circumferential position of the main body, and the first protrusion is displaced from the second protrusion and the third protrusion, and the fourth protrusion is displaced from the fifth protrusion and the sixth protrusion in the axial direction of the main body.

[0005] Patent document 2, titled "Riverbed formation blocks and riverbed structure using the same and method for forming the same," discloses an invention relating to an artificial riverbed formed on the riverbed, which relates to riverbed formation blocks for preventing the riverbed from being scouring by water currents, and a riverbed structure using the same and method for forming the same. The riverbed forming block, which is an invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, is a riverbed forming block that is placed in the riverbed so as to act on the flow of river water, and is characterized by having a rod-shaped, straight, curved or bent flow guide portion, at least one shaft portion fixed to this flow guide portion, and at least one leg portion protruding circumferentially near the end of the shaft portion on the side where the flow guide portion is not provided. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3585483 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-255576 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] When using blocks with radially arranged branch portions as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, and in order to connect multiple such blocks to each other, it was necessary to intersect the branch portion of one block with the branch portion of another block and hook them together. Furthermore, if an external force acts on a structure made up of multiple blocks connected together, causing the intersecting branches to separate, the connection between the blocks will no longer be maintained, and there is a risk that the formed slopes, etc. will be damaged or broken. Furthermore, when using the blocks disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, highly skilled craftsmen are required to assemble the blocks one by one in order to connect them together, which poses the problem of requiring a lot of manpower and effort for construction.

[0008] The present invention has been made in response to such conventional circumstances, and its purpose is to provide revetment blocks and revetment structures using the same that can be easily linked and integrated together, that produce structures in which the linked and integrated revetment blocks have high strength, and that can form body structures with various three-dimensional shapes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The first invention for solving the above problem is a revetment block comprising three radially arranged rod-shaped concrete branches and rod-shaped concrete legs fixed to the ends of each branch and arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the branches, the axes of the legs all being arranged in the same direction, and the axial position of one of the three branches in the axial direction of the leg differs from the axial positions of the other two branches by the thickness D1 of the branch. In the first aspect of the invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the leg has the function of supporting a structure on the installation surface, in which the three radially arranged branch portions are integrated. In the first aspect of the invention, the connector between the branch and leg functions as a hook-like hooking structure for hooking one revetment block onto another revetment block. In the first invention, since the tip ends of all the branch portions have the latching structure as described above, it becomes easy to latch another revetment block to one revetment block. In addition, when another revetment block is latched to one revetment block, it is possible to make it difficult for the latching portion to come off. Furthermore, in the first invention, since the axial position in the axial direction of the leg portion of one of the three branch portions is different from the axial positions of the other two branch portions by the thickness D1 of the branch portion, when linking a plurality of revetment blocks, it has the effect of suppressing interference between the branch portions of adjacent revetment blocks. As a result, the stability of the structure (frame structure) formed by linking a plurality of revetment blocks is enhanced.

[0010] The second invention is the first invention described above, and is characterized in that the axial positions of the respective branch portions in the axial direction of the leg portion are different by the thickness D1 of the branch portion. In the second invention, since the arrangement of each branch portion is specified as described above, when latching and linking a plurality of revetment blocks to each other, compared with the case of using the revetment block which is the first invention, it has the effect of more effectively suppressing interference between the branch portions of adjacent revetment blocks. Therefore, according to the second invention, when forming a frame structure by linking a plurality of revetment blocks, the revetment blocks can be arranged at a higher density than in the case of using the revetment block which is the first invention. For this reason, according to the second invention, the strength and stability of the frame structure formed by linking a plurality of revetment blocks can be further enhanced.

[0011] The third invention is the first or second invention described above, and is characterized in that all of the branch portions and the leg portions are prismatic, and a stepped hooking portion is provided at a position near the end of the leg portion and where the thickness of the leg portion changes from D1 to D2 (where D1 < D2). In the third invention having the above configuration, the branches and legs are all rectangular pillar-shaped and each leg has a stepped hook portion near its end, so that the hook portion formed on the peripheral side of the leg of one revetment block can be hooked onto a corner formed on the peripheral side of the branch or leg of another revetment block, or onto a hook portion formed on the peripheral side of the leg of another revetment block. Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to increase the number of arrangements of revetment blocks in which one revetment block can be hooked onto another revetment block. As a result, it is possible to increase the variety of three-dimensional shapes of the skeleton structure formed by connecting multiple revetment blocks.

[0012] The fourth invention is the first or second invention described above, characterized in that the bases of the three branches are connected together via a rod-shaped concrete trunk arranged parallel to the axial direction of the leg. In the fourth aspect of the invention, the bases of the three branches are integrally connected via the trunk, which increases the strength of the connection between the branches, thereby increasing the strength of the revetment block itself. As a result, the strength of the skeleton structure itself formed using the revetment blocks of the fourth invention is increased.

[0013] The revetment structure of the fifth invention is characterized by having a main body structure that connects multiple revetment blocks by hooking the connecting portions of the branches and legs of one revetment block of the first or second invention to the connecting portions of the branches and legs of another revetment block. In the fifth invention having the above configuration, by hooking the connecting portion (= hooking structure) between the branch and leg of one revetment block to the connecting portion (= hooking structure) between the branch and leg of another revetment block, it is possible to form a main body structure in which multiple revetment blocks are connected and integrated in a chain or mesh pattern, or in which multiple revetment blocks are connected and integrated randomly in three dimensions. Such a framework structure can cover and protect the surfaces of riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc. Alternatively, by using such a structural body structure to form a riverbed, seabed, slope, coast or riverbank, etc., it is possible to form a riverbed, seabed, slope, coast or riverbank, etc. that is resistant to erosion caused by the hydraulic force of river water or seawater, wind, rain or snow, etc.

[0014] The sixth invention is the fifth invention described above, characterized in that it is provided with buried materials that are soil, crushed stone, or waste concrete, or a combination of two or more types selected from these, to fill the gaps between the individual revetment blocks that make up the main structure. In the sixth aspect of the invention having the above-mentioned configuration, the revetment structure is formed by a skeleton structure and buried materials, thereby increasing the strength of the revetment structure itself. In other words, in the sixth invention, after the revetment structure is formed, the buried material gradually compacts over time, thereby integrating the buried material with the main structure and forming a stronger revetment structure. Therefore, according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to form a revetment structure that is stronger and more stable than when the revetment structure is formed using only a skeleton structure. Furthermore, in the sixth invention, by burying the skeleton structure in the embedding material, the skeleton structure (revetment blocks), which is an artificial object, becomes difficult to see from outside the revetment structure. Therefore, when the revetment structure of the sixth invention is installed on a riverbed, seabed, slope, coast or riverbank, the appearance can be made to resemble the natural landscape. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] When the skeleton structure constituting the fifth invention is formed using the first invention as described above, it is possible to form a skeleton structure in which the individual revetment blocks are difficult to separate. In other words, by using the revetment blocks of the first invention, it is possible to form the skeleton structure of the fifth invention, in which the revetment blocks have extremely high interlocking strength with each other. Therefore, when the revetment structure of the fifth invention is formed using the first invention, and a large external force acts on the revetment structure due to the occurrence of an earthquake or tsunami, the risk of damage or destruction to the main structure can be reduced. As a result, according to the first invention and the fifth invention using the same, it is possible to increase the strength of riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc. Alternatively, it is possible to form riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc. that have excellent strength.

[0016] According to the second invention, it is possible to form a skeleton structure in which revetment blocks are arranged at a higher density than when revetment blocks according to the first invention are used. As a result, according to the second invention, it is possible to form a skeleton structure that is stronger and more stable than when the revetment blocks of the first invention are used. Therefore, according to the second invention and the fifth invention using it, when a large external force acts on the revetment structure due to the occurrence of an earthquake or tsunami, the risk of damage or destruction to the main structure can be more reliably reduced. As a result, according to the second invention and the fifth invention using the same, it is possible to form riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc. that are superior in strength.

[0017] According to the third invention, compared to the case where the second invention is used, the variety of three-dimensional shapes of the body structure formed by hooking multiple revetment blocks together can be increased, making it easier to form a body structure that fits the terrain of the construction target or to form a body structure of any shape. Therefore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the convenience of the revetment block can be improved.

[0018] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a revetment block in which the strength of the connecting portion of the branches is superior to that of a case in which the bases of three branches are directly connected and integrated. As a result, when a skeleton structure is formed using the fourth invention and then a revetment structure is formed using the skeleton structure, the strength of the revetment structure itself can be increased.

[0019] According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a revetment structure that is stronger and more durable than a revetment structure formed using only a skeleton structure, and that blends in with the natural landscape. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a revetment block 1A according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] 2 is a view seen from the direction indicated by the symbol P in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] 1 is a perspective view of a revetment block 1A according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a skeleton structure 5A according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a body structure 5B according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a skeleton structure 5C according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a skeleton structure 5D according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] 3 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure 7A and a revetment structure 7B according to Example 1. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure 7C according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure 7D according to Example 1. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure 7E according to the first embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a revetment block 1B according to a second embodiment. [Figure 13] 13 is a view seen from the direction indicated by the symbol Q in FIG. 12. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a revetment block 1B according to a second embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a body structure 5E according to a second embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a skeleton structure 5F according to a second embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a body structure 5G according to a second embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a revetment structure 7F according to a second embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a revetment block 1C according to a third embodiment. [Figure 20] 20 is a view seen from the direction indicated by the symbol R in FIG. 19. [Figure 21] FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a body structure 5H according to a third embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of a skeleton structure 5H' according to a third embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] A revetment block according to an embodiment of the present invention and a revetment structure using the same will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 22. Note that the following description of the preferred embodiment is essentially merely an example. [Example]

[0022] A revetment block according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11. FIG. (Basic configuration of Example 1) The structure of the revetment block according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in Figure 1, the revetment block 1A of Example 1 has a hexagonal concrete main body 4 on the peripheral side of which three hexagonal concrete branches 21-22 are radially protruding at equal angles (every 120°), and each branch 2b of the branches 21-22 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of each branch 21-22 and has a hexagonal concrete leg 3 fixed integrally thereto. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, in the revetment block 1A of Example 1, the connection position of one of the three branch portions 21-22 (branch portion 21) in the axial direction of the trunk portion 4 differs from the connection positions of the other branch portions 22 by the thickness D1 of the branch portions 21-22. In other words, two of the three branches 22 have their ends 2b connected to the axial center of the leg 3, while the remaining branch 21 has its end 2b connected to a position offset by the thickness D1 from the axial center of the leg 3. Furthermore, the axial lengths of the three legs 3 in the revetment block 1A according to Example 1 are all the same at a desired length. Therefore, when the revetment block 1A is placed on a horizontal installation surface 100 with the axes of the three legs 3 aligned vertically, the axes of the branches 21 to 22 are all horizontal or approximately horizontal.

[0023] The revetment block 1A of Example 1 having the structure described above can be said to have, in other words, a T-shaped hanging structure 81 near the tip 2b of the branch 21, and a T-shaped hanging structure 82 near the tip 2b of the branch 22. That is, the hooking structure 81 is a connection between the branch 21 and the leg 3 , and the hooking structure 82 is a connection between the branch 22 and the leg 3 . In the drawings shown later, the reference numerals of the hooking structure 81 and the hooking structure 82 are not necessarily written.

[0024] Furthermore, the revetment block 1A according to Example 1 can be used by inverting it from the state shown in Figures 1 and 2. That is, in the state shown in Figures 1 and 2, it can be installed so that the load of the revetment block 1A is supported by the end faces arranged vertically above the three legs 3. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 3, the revetment block 1A may be placed on the installation surface 100 with the side surfaces of two adjacent legs 3 in contact with the installation surface 100. In other words, the revetment block 1A can be placed and used so that the side surfaces of the two legs 3 support the load of the revetment block 1A.

[0025] (Regarding the body structure of Example 1) The skeleton structure formed by connecting a plurality of revetment blocks 1A to each other will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in Figure 4, the body structure 5A of Example 1 is formed by linking and integrating multiple revetment blocks 1A by repeatedly hooking a hanging structure 81 consisting of the branch portion 21 and leg portion 3 of another revetment block 1A arranged in a similar manner onto the branch portion 22 of one revetment block 1A installed on the installation surface 100 with three legs 3 arranged upright.

[0026] 4 shows a case where multiple revetment blocks 1A constituting the skeleton structure 5A are arranged in a straight line, but the arrangement of the revetment blocks 1A can be adjusted appropriately by appropriately changing the hooking position of the hooking structure 81 of one revetment block 1A on the peripheral side of the branch portion 22 of the other revetment block 1A. In other words, the external shape of the skeleton structure 5A formed by linking multiple revetment blocks 1A can be made curved or bent (not shown).

[0027] Furthermore, in the skeleton structure 5A shown in Figure 4, it is also possible to hook a hanging structure 81 of another revetment block 1A to a branch portion 22 of one revetment block 1A to which a hanging structure 81 of another revetment block 1A is not hooked. In this case, a skeleton structure 5A (not shown) can be formed on the installation surface 100 by linking a plurality of revetment blocks 1A in a mesh-like manner.

[0028] Furthermore, in the body structure 5A shown in Figure 4, an example is given in which a hanging structure 81 of one revetment block 1A is hung on a branch portion 22 of another revetment block 1A, but the object to which the hanging structure 81 is hung does not need to be limited to the branch portion 22. Specifically, the body structure 5B of Example 1 shown in Figure 5 is formed by connecting and integrating multiple revetment blocks 1A by hanging the hanging structure 82 of one revetment block 1A onto the branch portion 22 of another revetment block 1A, hanging the hanging structure 81 of another revetment block 1A onto the branch portion 21 of one revetment block 1A, or hanging the hanging structure 82 of another revetment block 1A onto the branch portion 21 of one revetment block 1A. In this case, unlike the structural structure 5A shown in Figure 4, the end faces of the legs 3 of all the revetment blocks 1A do not come into contact with the installation surface 100, but the functionality of the structural structure 5B is not impaired. Furthermore, in the skeleton structure 5B shown in Figure 5, by sequentially adding revetment blocks 1A in a stacked manner from the vertically upper side, it is possible to form a skeleton structure 5B (not shown) that is thicker in the vertical direction. This method is particularly suitable for forming the skeleton structure 5B on a riverbed or the bottom of the sea.

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, a skeleton structure can be formed using a revetment block 1A that is placed on an installation surface 100 so that the side surfaces of the two legs 3 support the load of the revetment block 1A. Specifically, the body structure 5C of Example 1 shown in Figure 6 is formed by repeatedly connecting and integrating multiple revetment blocks 1A by hanging a hanging structure 81 arranged on the installation surface 100 side of another revetment block 1A to a branch portion 22 arranged on the installation surface 100 side of one revetment block 1A. 6 is, in other words, the surface of the skeleton structure 5A shown in FIG. 4 that faces the front of the paper is placed on the installation surface 100.

[0030] Furthermore, the body structure of Example 1 can be formed by combining a revetment block 1A (see Figures 1 and 2) with legs 3 arranged upright on the installation surface 100 and a revetment block 1A (see Figure 3) installed on the installation surface 100 so that the side surfaces of the two legs 3 support the load of the revetment block 1A. Specifically, the body structure 5D of Example 1 shown in Figure 7 is formed by connecting and integrating the body structure 5A shown in Figure 4 above by hanging the hanging structure 81 or hanging structure 82 of the revetment block 1A (see Figure 3) installed on the installation surface 100 so that the side surfaces of the two legs 3 support the load of the revetment block 1A to the desired leg 3 of any of the revetment blocks 1A. In this case, a skeleton structure 5D having a more complicated three-dimensional structure can be formed.

[0031] 4 to 7 show only a portion of the skeleton structure, and in reality, many more revetment blocks 1A are linked and integrated together. The same applies to the other skeleton structures shown later.

[0032] Furthermore, the surfaces of existing riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc. can be covered and protected only with the skeleton structures according to Example 1 (for example, skeleton structures 5A to 5D, etc.), and used as revetment structures. Alternatively, a riverbed, seabed, slope, coast, riverbank, etc. can be newly formed using the skeleton structure according to Example 1 (for example, skeleton structures 5A to 5D, etc.), and can be used as a revetment structure.

[0033] (Regarding the effects of the revetment block 1A of Example 1) In the revetment block 1A according to the first embodiment, all of the branches 21 to 22 constituting the revetment block 1A are provided with a hooking structure 81 or a hooking structure 82 near the top end 2b thereof. Therefore, it is extremely easy to hook one revetment block 1A onto another revetment block 1A and link them together to form an integrated structure. On the other hand, once a skeleton structure (for example, skeleton structures 5A to 5D) is formed by linking a plurality of revetment blocks 1A, it is difficult to separate any of the revetment blocks 1A from the skeleton structure. In other words, since it is not easy to separate the revetment block 1A from the skeleton structure according to Example 1 once it has been formed, it is possible to form a skeleton structure that is difficult to disassemble after it has been formed.

[0034] Furthermore, in the skeleton structure according to Example 1, the hooking position of one revetment block 1A to another revetment block 1A is not fixed, so the skeleton structure itself has flexibility. Therefore, in the skeleton structure according to Example 1, when an external force acts on this skeleton structure, this external force can be alleviated by the latching positions of the latching structures 81 and 82 shifting slightly. As a result, by using the revetment block 1A according to the first embodiment, it is possible to form a skeleton structure that is less likely to be damaged or broken when a large external force is applied. In other words, when a revetment structure is formed using the skeleton structure of Example 1, and when a large external force acts on the revetment structure due to the occurrence of an earthquake or tsunami, the risk of the revetment structure being damaged or broken can be reduced. As a result, by using the skeleton structure in Example 1, the strength of the riverbed, seabed, slope, coast or riverbank, etc. is increased.

[0035] (Modification of the revetment block of Example 1) <About the branch connection structure> In the revetment block 1A of Example 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3 above, three branch portions 21 to 22 are connected radially and integrally via the trunk portion 4, but the three branch portions 21 to 22 may also be directly connected and integrated without using the trunk portion 4. On the other hand, in the revetment block 1A according to Example 1, if the three branch portions 21 to 22 are integrally connected via the trunk portion 4, the strength of the revetment block 1A increases. In other words, the strength of the skeleton structure according to Example 1 increases. Therefore, when the revetment block 1A has the trunk portion 4, it is possible to provide the revetment structure according to the first embodiment which has superior strength.

[0036] <Shape of branches and legs> The previous Figures 1 to 3 illustrate an example in which the branch portions 21 to 22 and leg portions 3 of the revetment block 1A of Example 1 have a hexagonal prism-like outer shape, but these do not necessarily have to be hexagonal prism-like, and may be rod-like with a uniform or approximately uniform thickness, such as a cylinder, a square prism, or other polygonal prism. In either case, the same effects as when the branch portions 21 to 22 and the leg portion 3 have an outer shape of a hexagonal column are achieved.

[0037] <About the shape of the latching structure> In the revetment block 1A of Example 1, an example is given in which a hanging structure 81 or a hanging structure 82 having a T-shaped outer shape is formed at the tip 2b of the branch 21 or the branch 22, but the outer shape of the hanging structure 81 or the hanging structure 82 may also be L-shaped (not shown). In this case, the number of revetment blocks 1A that can be connected to each other is reduced compared to when the outer shape of the hanging structure 81 or the hanging structure 82 is T-shaped, and as a result, the number of variations in the three-dimensional shape of the body structure that can be formed using multiple revetment blocks 1A is reduced.However, there is no disadvantage in forming, for example, the body structure 5A shown in Figure 4 or the body structure 5C shown in Figure 6.

[0038] <Regarding the revetment structure using the skeleton structure and buried materials according to Example 1> The revetment structure may be formed using only the skeleton structure according to Example 1 (for example, skeleton structures 5A to 5D, etc.), or may be formed using the skeleton structure according to Example 1 and buried materials. Here, with reference to Figs. 8 to 11, another example of a revetment structure formed using the skeleton structure according to the first embodiment will be described.

[0039] The revetment structure 7A of Example 1 shown in Figure 8 is constructed by installing a chain-like or mesh-like structural body 5A formed by connecting multiple revetment blocks 1A on the ground surface, riverbed, or seabed, which is the installation surface 100, and then burying the structural body 5A with buried material 6. The buried material 6 may be, for example, earth and sand, crushed stone, or waste concrete, or a combination of two or more selected from these. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of layers of the revetment structure 7A may be stacked on the installation surface 100 to form the revetment structure (revetment structure 7B according to Example 1).

[0040] In addition, the revetment structure 7C of Example 1 shown in Figure 9 is formed by laying multiple revetment blocks 1A connected to each other on the installation surface 100, which is the ground surface or riverbed or seabed, and if necessary, randomly stacking revetment blocks 1A vertically above them and connecting and integrating them to form a main structure 5B, and then burying the main structure 5B in buried material 6. In addition, in the revetment structure 7D shown in FIG. 9, the skeleton structure 5D shown in FIG. 7 may be used instead of the skeleton structure 5B.

[0041] Furthermore, the revetment structure 7D of Example 1 shown in Figure 10 is formed by forming an edge or peripheral portion using a chain-like structural body 5C formed by connecting multiple revetment blocks 1A on the ground surface, riverbed, or seabed, which is the installation surface 100, and then placing buried material 6 behind this edge portion or inside the peripheral portion. Furthermore, the revetment structure 7D may be one in which the skeleton structure 5C constituting the edge or peripheral portion is partially or entirely buried in the buried material 6. Note that Fig. 10 shows a state in which the skeleton structure 5C constituting the edge or peripheral portion is entirely buried in the buried material 6.

[0042] In addition, the revetment structure 7E of Example 1 shown in Figure 11 has an edge or peripheral portion formed by a chain-like structural structure 5C formed by connecting multiple revetment blocks 1A on the installation surface 100, which is the ground surface or riverbed or seabed, and a chain-like or mesh-like structural structure 5A formed by connecting multiple revetment blocks 1A horizontally is placed behind this edge portion or inside the peripheral portion, and then the structural structure 5C and the structural structure 5A are buried with buried material 6. In addition, instead of the skeleton structure 5A in the revetment structure 7E, the skeleton structure 5B may be used.

[0043] In the revetment structure according to Example 1 described above (e.g., revetment structures 7A to 7E, etc.), the buried material 6 gradually compacts over time, and as a result, the buried material 6 and the main structure according to Example 1 gradually become integrated, ultimately forming a strong revetment structure. Moreover, the exterior of the revetment structure according to Example 1 (for example, revetment structures 7A to 7E) appears as if it were formed from the buried material 6 only. That is, in the revetment structure according to Example 1, the revetment blocks 1A, which are artificial objects, are not exposed at all or almost not at all on the surface of the revetment structure. Therefore, according to the revetment structure of Example 1, it is possible to form a revetment structure that blends in well with the surrounding landscape. [Example]

[0044] Second Embodiment A revetment block according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. (Basic configuration of Example 2) In the second embodiment, the same components as those of the revetment block 1A according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the different components will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, all the branch portions 21 to 22 and all the leg portions 3 constituting the revetment block 1B according to Example 2 are prismatic (for example, hexagonal prismatic). Furthermore, both end portions of the leg portion 3 of the revetment block 1B according to Example 2 are shaped to project outward compared to other regions. That is, at a position near the end portion 3a of the leg portion 3, a stepped engaging portion 3b is provided where the thickness of the leg portion 3 changes from D1 to D2 (where D1 < D2).

[0045] According to the revetment block 1B according to Example 2 provided with the engaging portion 3b, when forming a body structure by linking a plurality of revetment blocks 1B according to Example 2, at the corner portion 2c formed on the circumferential side surface of each of the branch portions 21 to 22 of one revetment block 1A, or at the corner portion 3c formed on the circumferential side surface of the leg portion 3, the engaging portion 3b formed near the end portion 3a of the leg portion 3 of another revetment block 1A is hooked, whereby a plurality of revetment blocks 1B can be linked and integrated. That is, the revetment block 1B according to Example 2 is provided with a latching structure 81 or a latching structure 82 near the tip 2b of all the branch portions 21 to 22, and further, an engaging portion 3b, which is another latching structure, is provided at each of the axial direction end portions of all the leg portions 3.

[0046] (Regarding the body structure of Example 2) By using the revetment block 1B according to Example 2, a body structure according to Example 2 as shown in FIGS. 15 to 18 can be formed. The body structure 5E according to Example 2 shown in FIG. 15 is an integrated structure obtained by linking the body structure 5A shown in FIG. 5 and the body structure 5C shown in FIG. 6. That is, the body structure 5E is integrated by hooking the engaging portion 3b formed on the leg portion 3 of the revetment block 1B constituting the body structure 5C at the corner portion 2c formed on the circumferential side surface of the branch portion 22 of the revetment block 1B constituting the body structure 5A. Thus, by using the revetment block 1B according to Example 2, a plurality of revetment blocks 1B can be linked without using the latching structure 81 or the latching structure 82. However, the connecting force when the hook portions 3b formed on the legs 3 are used is weaker than the connecting force when the hook structures 81 and 82 are used to connect the revetment blocks 1B to each other. In addition, instead of the skeleton structure 5A in the skeleton structure 5E, a skeleton structure 5B (not shown) can also be used.

[0047] In addition, the main structure 5F shown in Figure 16 is formed by connecting and integrating multiple revetment blocks 1B by hanging the hanging structure 81 or hanging structure 82 of one revetment block 1B onto the branch portion 21 or branch portion 22 of another revetment block 1B, and further by hanging the hook portion 3b formed on the leg portion 3 of another revetment block 1B onto the corner portion 2c formed on the peripheral side of the branch portion 21 or branch portion 22 of one revetment block 1B, thereby connecting and integrating multiple revetment blocks 1B. In this case, as shown in FIG. 16, the three-dimensional shape of the skeleton structure 5F can be made to fit the uneven installation surface 100'.

[0048] In addition, the skeleton structure 5E shown in Figure 15 and the skeleton structure 5F shown in Figure 16 can be used alone as a revetment structure, but they can also be combined with buried material, that is, the skeleton structure 5E or the skeleton structure 5F buried in buried material 6 can be used as a revetment structure (not shown).

[0049] Moreover, a skeleton structure 5G according to Example 2 shown in FIG. 17 is formed by vertically linking and integrating a plurality of stages of the skeleton structure 5C shown in FIG. The skeleton structure 5G shown in FIG. 17 can be formed using the revetment block 1B according to the second embodiment by the following procedure. First, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a skeleton structure 5C shown in FIG. 6 is formed using a plurality of revetment blocks 1B on the ground surface, riverbed, or seabed, which is the installation surface 100 (step S1). Next, buried material 6 is piled on the back side of the structural body 5C formed on the installation surface 100, that is, on the left side of the paper based on the installation position of the structural body 5C shown in Figure 18, to form a new installation surface 101 vertically below the side of the leg 3 located at the highest vertical position in the structural body 5C (step S2, see Figures 17 and 18). Thereafter, a plurality of revetment blocks 1B are newly used on the installation surface 101 to form the skeleton structure 5C shown in FIG. 6 (step S3). Furthermore, after this, embedding material 6 is piled on the back side of the skeleton structure 5C newly formed on the installation surface 101 (step S4). In addition, when forming a skeleton structure 5G in which two or more stages of skeleton structures 5C are linked on the installation surface 100, steps S2 to S4 may be repeated in this order a desired number of times after performing steps S1 to S3 described above. In this case, in step S4, a new mounting surface (a mounting surface corresponding to the installation surface 101) is formed.

[0050] Furthermore, when performing the above-mentioned step S3, the revetment block 1B is placed on the installation surface 101 while the hook portion 3b formed on the leg portion 3 arranged in the highest vertical position of the revetment block 1B placed on the installation surface 100 is hooked onto the hook portion 3b formed on the leg portion 3 arranged in contact with the installation surface 101 of the revetment block 1B installed on the installation surface 101. In other words, in the embankment block 1B installed on the installation surface 100, the portion having width D2 on the end 3a side of the leg 3 arranged at the highest vertical position is sandwiched between the portions having width D2 on the end 3a side of the legs 3 of two embankment blocks 1B arranged adjacent to each other on the installation surface 101 and arranged in contact with the installation surface 101, and the embankment blocks 1B are arranged in a straight line on the installation surface 101 (see Figure 18).

[0051] The skeleton structure 5G may be used as the revetment structure 7E with the skeleton structures 5C constituting each stage left exposed, as shown in Fig. 17. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 18, the skeleton structures 5G constituting each stage may be used as the revetment structure 7E with all of them buried in the embedding material 6. [Example]

[0052] Third Embodiment A revetment block according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. (Basic configuration of Example 3) In the third embodiment, the same components as those of the revetment block 1A according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the different components will be described below. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the revetment block 1C of Example 3 is installed on the peripheral side of a trunk 4 whose axial length has been increased by 1.5 times, with one of the two branch portions 22 being branch portion 23, and shifted by the thickness D1 of branch portions 21 to 23 to the side where branch portion 21 is not arranged, based on the connection position of the remaining branch portion 22. That is, the branch portions 21 to 23 of the revetment block 1C according to Example 3 are connected at different positions in the axial direction of the trunk portion 4 by the diameter D1 of the branch portions 21 to 23. More specifically, when the leg 3 of the revetment block 1C of Example 3 is placed upright on the installation surface 100 and viewed from the side (see Figure 20), the axial center positions of the branch 21 that is farthest from the installation surface 100, the branch 22 that is the next farthest, and the branch 23 that is closest to the installation surface 100 are spaced apart by the thickness D1 of the branches 21 to 23. Furthermore, the axial lengths of the three legs 3 in the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment are all the same as desired lengths. Therefore, when the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment is placed on a horizontal installation surface 100 with the legs 3 standing upright, all three branches 21 to 23 are horizontal or approximately horizontal.

[0053] The revetment block 1C of Example 3 having the structure described above has a T-shaped hanging structure 81 at the tip 2b of branch 21, a T-shaped hanging structure 82 at the tip 2b of branch 22, and a T-shaped hanging structure 83 at the tip 2b of branch 23.

[0054] Furthermore, although not particularly shown, the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment may be used by being placed on the installation surface 100 with the side surfaces of two adjacent legs 3 in contact with the installation surface 100. In other words, the revetment block 1C can be installed and used so that the side surfaces of the two legs 3 support the weight of the revetment block 1C.

[0055] (Regarding the body structure of Example 3) When the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment is used, the same skeleton structure as that according to the first embodiment (for example, skeleton structures 5A to 5D, etc.) can be formed. Furthermore, when the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment is used, a skeleton structure as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 can be formed. The body structures 5H and 5H' of Example 3 shown in Figures 21 and 22 are formed by connecting and integrating one revetment block 1C by hanging the hanging structure 81 or 82 of another revetment block 1C to the branch portion 23 of the other revetment block 1C, or by hanging the hanging structure 81 of another revetment block 1C to the branch portion 22 of the other revetment block 1C. In Figs. 21 and 22, adjacent bank protection blocks 1C are distinguished from each other by adding gray hatching or diagonal lines to make it easier to distinguish between the respective bank protection blocks 1C.

[0056] When forming a main structure 5A using the revetment blocks 1A according to the previous Example 1, and when it is necessary to bring the end faces of the legs 3 of all the revetment blocks 1A constituting the main structure 5A into contact with the installation surface 100, it is necessary to hook the hanging structure 81 of one revetment block 1A onto the branch portion 22 of another revetment block 1A. Furthermore, the revetment block 1A according to Example 1 has two branch portions 22 that are attached at the same position in the axial direction of the trunk portion 4, but has only one hooking structure 81 that can be hooked onto this branch portion 22. Therefore, when it is necessary to bring the end faces of the legs 3 of all of the revetment blocks 1A constituting the main structure 5A of Example 1 into contact with the installation surface 100, and when two adjacent revetment blocks 1A are to be connected, there is only one place where they can be connected. For this reason, when arranging the revetment blocks 1A in a mesh pattern on the installation surface 100, it has not been possible to increase the density of the revetment blocks 1A above a certain level.

[0057] In contrast, when the revetment blocks 1C according to Example 3 are used to form the skeleton structure 5A, and when the end faces of the legs 3 of all of the revetment blocks 1C constituting the skeleton structure 5A need to be in contact with the installation surface 100, it is possible to hook the hanging structure 81 or 82 of one revetment block 1C onto the branch 23 of another revetment block 1C, and it is also possible to hook the hanging structure 81 of another revetment block 1C onto the branch 22 of one revetment block 1C. In other words, when two adjacent revetment blocks 1C are to be linked, there are two places where they can be linked (see Figures 21 and 22). Therefore, when using the revetment block 1C of Example 3, when arranging the revetment blocks 1C in a mesh pattern on the installation surface 100, the revetment blocks 1C can be arranged at a higher density than when using the revetment block 1A.

[0058] Therefore, when the revetment block 1C according to the third embodiment is used, a stronger skeleton structure (for example, skeleton structures 5H, 5H' shown in Figs. 21 and 22) can be formed. As a result, the strength of the revetment structure formed by using only the skeleton structure according to Example 3, or by using the skeleton structure according to Example 3 and the buried material 6, can be improved.

[0059] (Modification of the revetment block of Example 3) <About the branch connection structure> In the revetment block 1C of Example 3 shown in Figures 19 and 20 above, three branch portions 21 to 23 are connected radially and integrally via the trunk portion 4, but the three branch portions 21 to 23 may also be directly connected and integrated without using the trunk portion 4. On the other hand, in the revetment block 1C according to Example 3, when the three branch portions 21 to 23 are integrally connected via the trunk portion 4, the strength of the revetment block 1C increases. In other words, the strength of the skeleton structure according to Example 3 increases. Therefore, when the revetment block 1C includes the trunk portion 4, it is possible to provide a revetment structure according to the third embodiment that is stronger.

[0060] <Shape of branches and legs> In the previous Figures 19 and 20, an example is given in which the outer shapes of the branch portions 21 to 23 and leg portions 3 of the revetment block 1C of Example 3 are hexagonal prisms, but these do not necessarily have to be hexagonal prisms, and can be rod-shaped with a uniform or approximately uniform thickness, such as a cylinder, square prism, or other polygonal prism. In either case, the same effects as when the branch portions 21 to 23 and the leg portion 3 have an outer shape of a hexagonal column are achieved.

[0061] Furthermore, if the revetment block 1C of Example 3 has a stepped hook portion 3b near the end portion 3a of the leg portion 3, like the revetment block 1B of Example 2, the outer shapes of the branch portions 21 to 23 and the three legs 3 that make up the revetment block 1C must be rectangular prism-shaped (for example, a hexagonal prism). Furthermore, when the revetment block 1C of Example 3 has a stepped hook portion 3b near the end portion 3a of the leg portion 3 (not shown), a body structure of Example 3 having a more complex three-dimensional shape can be formed, as in the case where the revetment block 1B of Example 2 is used.

[0062] <About the shape of the latching structure> In the embankment block 1C of Example 3, the example is given in which the top end 2b of each branch 21 to 23 is provided with a T-shaped hanging structure 81, hanging structure 82, or hanging structure 83, but the hanging structures 81 to 83 may also have an L-shaped outer shape (not shown). In this case, the number of revetment blocks 1C that can be connected to each other is reduced compared to when the outer shape of the hanging structures 81 to 83 is T-shaped, and as a result, the variety of three-dimensional shapes of the body structure that can be formed using multiple revetment blocks 1C is reduced, but there is no disadvantage in forming, for example, the body structure 5A shown in Figure 4 or the body structure 5C shown in Figure 6. [Industrial Applicability]

[0063] As described above, the present invention provides revetment blocks and revetment structures using the same that can be easily connected to each other and can provide strong protection for riverbeds, seabeds, slopes, coasts, riverbanks, etc., and can be used in technical fields related to flood control and civil engineering. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1A~1C...Revetment block 21~23...Branch part 2a...Base part 2b...Top end 2c...Corner part 3...Legs 3a...End part 3b...Hook part 3c...Corner part 4...Template 5A~5H'...Structure structure 6...Buried material 7A~7E...Revetment structure 81~83...Latching structure 100, 100', 101...Installation surface

Claims

1. Three rod-shaped concrete branch portions arranged radially; a rod-shaped concrete leg portion fixed to the top end of each of the branches and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the branch portion; The axes of the legs are all aligned in the same direction, A revetment block characterized in that the axial position of one of the three branches in the axial direction of the leg differs from the axial positions of the other two branches by the thickness D1 of the branch.

2. 2. The revetment block according to claim 1, wherein the axial positions of the respective branch portions in the axial direction of the leg portion differ by an amount equal to the diameter D1 of the branch portion.

3. The branches and the legs are all prismatic, A revetment block as described in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it has a stepped hook portion near the end of the leg and at a position where the thickness of the leg changes from D1 to D2 (where D1 < D2).

4. The revetment block according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the bases of the three branches are connected together via a rod-shaped concrete trunk arranged parallel to the axial direction of the leg.

5. A revetment structure characterized by having a main structure in which multiple revetment blocks are linked together by hooking the connecting portions of the branch portions and the legs of one revetment block described in claim 1 or claim 2 to the connecting portions of the branch portions and the legs of another revetment block.

6. The revetment structure described in claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with buried material which is soil, crushed stone, or waste concrete, or a combination of two or more types selected from these, to fill the gaps between the individual revetment blocks that make up the main structure.

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