End form device and method for placing lining concrete

Abstract

To provide a gable form device improved in workability.SOLUTION: This gable form device 10 can open and close a gable side opening part 4a of a space 4 for placing lining concrete between a tunnel inner peripheral surface 2 and an outer peripheral surface 3 of a form 1. The gable end form device 10 includes a base portion 11 projecting in a tunnel axial direction from a gable-side end portion 6 of the form 1 on a tunnel inner space side with respect to an outer peripheral surface 3 of the form 1, a face plate portion 12 capable of closing a gable-side opening portion 4a, a first arm portion 13 having a distal end portion connected to the face plate portion 12 and supporting the face plate portion 12, and a second arm portion 14 having a distal end portion hinged to a proximal end portion of the first arm portion 13 and a proximal end portion 14a hinged to the base portion 11. 15a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a gable formwork device capable of opening and closing the gable-side opening of the space for pouring lining concrete between the inner surface of a tunnel and the outer surface of a formwork facing it, and a method for pouring lining concrete into the space using this device. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, when constructing a mountain tunnel using the NATM method, first, sprayed concrete is sprayed onto the inner surface of the tunnel formed by blasting excavation or the like as a primary lining, and if necessary, a waterproof sheet is placed on top of that.Furthermore, as a secondary lining, lining concrete is poured using an arch-shaped formwork with an outer surface facing the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0003] In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a gable formwork device that can close the gable side opening of the space for pouring lining concrete between the inner surface of a tunnel and the outer surface of an arch-shaped formwork. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4283419 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, many hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering the end formwork are arranged so that they protrude into the tunnel interior beyond the formwork, which gets in the way of work. For this reason, further improvements to the end formwork device are needed.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a gable formwork device with improved workability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Therefore, the gable form device of the present invention can open and close the gable-side opening of the space for pouring lining concrete between the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel and the outer circumferential surface of the form.The gable form device of the present invention comprises a base portion that protrudes in the tunnel axial direction from the gable-side end of the form on the tunnel interior side of the outer circumferential surface of the form, a face plate portion that can close the gable-side opening, a first arm portion whose tip portion is connected to the face plate portion and supports the face plate portion, a second arm portion whose tip portion is hinged to the base end of the first arm portion and whose base end is hinged to the base portion, and an extendable actuator whose base end is hinged to the base portion and whose tip portion is hinged to the first arm portion or the face plate portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, workability can be improved in the area inside the tunnel from the formwork. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel viewed from the face side (end side), showing an example of a formwork in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a side view of the gable formwork device in the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a plan view and a front view of the gable formwork device in the embodiment; [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an operating state of the gable formwork device in the embodiment; [Figure 5] 5A and 5B are diagrams showing the order in which the face plate parts are set in the embodiment; [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a method (first pouring method) for pouring lining concrete in a non-reinforced concrete section in the embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an expanded state of the seal member in the embodiment; [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first modified example of the setting order of the face plate parts in the embodiment; [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second modified example of the setting order of the face plate parts in the embodiment; [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second modified example of the setting order of the face plate parts in the embodiment; [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a method (second pouring method) for pouring lining concrete in the reinforced concrete section in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel viewed from the tunnel face side (end side), showing an example of an arch-shaped formwork 1 in one embodiment of the present invention. Here, the front side of the paper in Figure 1 is the tunnel face side (end side), and the back side of the paper is the tunnel entrance side (lap side). Furthermore, when referring to "front and rear," the end side is the front side, and the lap side is the rear side.

[0011] The tunnel in this embodiment is a mountain tunnel, and the tunnel inner surface 2 is primarily supported with sprayed concrete or the like after the tunnel is excavated by blasting. A form 1 is set opposite this tunnel inner surface 2, and a space 4 for pouring lining concrete is formed between the tunnel inner surface 2 and the outer surface 3 of the form 1. A gantry vehicle (not shown) that can move on rails laid on the tunnel bottom (invert) 5 is used to set the form 1.

[0012] The formwork 1 is also called the "lining center" and is configured as one span (e.g., 10.5 m) by connecting multiple (e.g., seven) arch-shaped formwork members each having a predetermined width (e.g., 1.5 m) in the tunnel axial direction (front-to-back direction) in the tunnel axial direction. Although not shown in the figure, each formwork member is divided appropriately in the circumferential direction and is used in combination.

[0013] The lap end of the space 4 between the tunnel inner surface 2 and one span of formwork 1 is blocked by the existing lining concrete. On the other hand, the gable opening 4a of the space 4 can be blocked by a plurality of face plates 12 (see Figures 2 to 5) described later.

[0014] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, the arch-shaped end opening 4a is divided into a plurality of (e.g., nine) regions P1 to P9 in the circumferential direction, and a face plate portion 12 is assigned to each of the regions P1 to P9. That is, in this embodiment, a plurality of (e.g., nine) face plate portions 12 can be arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Note that, although Fig. 1 shows the end opening 4a divided into nine regions P1 to P9 in the circumferential direction, it goes without saying that the number of regions is not limited to nine.

[0015] In this embodiment, the gable formwork apparatus 10 is divided into separate units for each of the aforementioned areas P1 to P9, and the configuration of the gable formwork apparatus 10 used in area P5 corresponding to the tunnel top (top end) will be described below with reference to Figures 2 and 3. In this regard, the gable formwork apparatus 10 used in areas other than area P5 (areas P1 to P4, P6 to P9) also have the same configuration as that used in area P5.

[0016] 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the schematic configuration of a gable formwork device 10 that can open and close area P5 of the gable-side opening 4a of space 4. FIG. 2 is a side view of the gable formwork device 10. FIG. 3(A) is a plan view of the gable formwork device 10. FIG. 3(B) is a front view (viewed from the face side) of the gable formwork device 10. Here, FIG. 2 shows a state in which a sealing member 20, which will be described later, is expanded, and FIGS. 3(A) and (B) show a state in which the sealing member 20 is contracted. For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 2 omits the illustration of a plate-like member 25, which will be described later, and FIGS. 3(A) and (B) omit the illustration of a scaffolding 30, which will be described later.

[0017] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the gable formwork device 10 comprises a pair of base portions 11, one panel portion 12, a pair of first arm portions 13, a pair of second arm portions 14, and a pair of actuators 15.

[0018] The pair of base portions 11 are arranged parallel to each other at a distance in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The base portions 11 protrude forward (in the tunnel axial direction) from the end portion 6 of the formwork 1 on the tunnel interior side (inner side in the tunnel radial direction) beyond the outer peripheral surface 3 of the formwork 1.

[0019] The base portion 11 is made of, for example, steel and includes a frame portion 11a and a beam portion 11b. The frame portion 11a is formed, for example, from an H-shaped steel and extends in the tunnel interior / exterior direction (tunnel radial direction). The base end of the frame portion 11a is fixed to the end end portion 6 of the formwork 1, and the tip end protrudes slightly from the end end portion 6 toward the interior of the tunnel. The beam portion 11b is formed, for example, from an H-shaped steel and extends forward (in the tunnel axial direction) from the tip of the frame portion 11a.

[0020] The face plate 12 is made of, for example, steel. A sealing member 20 capable of sealing the gap between the face plate 12 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 is attached to the end of the face plate 12 on the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 side. In this embodiment, the sealing member 20 is described below as an expandable / contractable bag member that extends in the tunnel circumferential direction along the face plate 12 and is made of, for example, rubber or cloth, but the sealing member 20 is not limited to a bag member. The sealing member 20 is a sealing means that seals the gap between the face plate 12 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 and is capable of sealing the gap.

[0021] The bag member described above is formed so as to expand when filled with fluid and to contract when the fluid is removed. An example of a bag member is an airbag, which expands when filled with air and contracts when the air is removed. A fluid supply / discharge device (including, for example, a pump device) (not shown) may be used to supply fluid (e.g., air) into the bag member and to discharge fluid (e.g., air) from the bag member.

[0022] The face plate portion 12 is provided with a plurality of holding mechanisms 21 for suppressing forward expansion of the sealing member 20. The holding mechanism 21 includes, for example, a cylindrical member 21a fixed to the back side (face side) of the face plate portion 12 and extending in the tunnel interior and exterior directions, a pipe member 21b inserted into the cylindrical member 21a and slidable in the tunnel interior and exterior directions relative to the cylindrical member 21a, and a handle 21c for fixing the pipe member 21b to the cylindrical member 21a.

[0023] 3(A) and (B) show plate-like members 25 attached to both ends of the face plate portion 12 in the tunnel circumferential direction. These plate-like members 25 are made of steel, for example, and are intended to close the gaps between adjacent face plate portions 12 in the tunnel circumferential direction. The attachment of these plate-like members 25 to the face plate portion 12 can be appropriately determined depending on the order in which the face plate portions 12 are set. Details of this will be described later using Figs. 5 and 8 to 10.

[0024] The pair of first arm portions 13 are made of, for example, steel and are arranged parallel to each other at a distance in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The tip end of each first arm portion 13 is connected to and supports the face plate portion 12, and the base end is hinged to the tip end of the second arm portion 14. In other words, the base end of each first arm portion 13 is pivotally supported to the tip end of the second arm portion 14 via a first pivot shaft 13a extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

[0025] The pair of second arm portions 14 are made of, for example, steel and are arranged parallel to each other at a distance in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The base end portion 14a of each second arm portion 14 is hingedly connected to the beam portion 11b. In other words, the base end portion 14a of each second arm portion 14 is pivotally supported on the beam portion 11b via the second pivot shaft 14b extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

[0026] Second arm portion 14 includes stopper portion 14c that prevents first arm portion 13 from falling down relative to second arm portion 14. The first arm portion 13 is longer than the second arm portion 14. It is preferable that the first arm portion 13 has a length 1.5 times or more that of the second arm portion 14.

[0027] The pair of actuators 15 are each telescopic and are arranged in parallel at a distance from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The actuators 15 are, for example, hydraulic cylinders. The base end 15a of the actuator 15 is hingedly connected to the beam portion 11b, and the tip end is hingedly connected to the first arm portion 13 or the face plate portion 12. In other words, the base end 15a of the actuator 15 is pivotally supported on the beam portion 11b via a third pivot shaft 15b extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the first arm portion 13 or the face plate portion 12 is pivotally supported on the tip end of the actuator 15 via a fourth pivot shaft 15c extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. In this regard, in this embodiment, the tip end of the actuator 15 is hingedly connected to the tip end of the first arm portion 13, i.e., the tip end of the first arm portion 13 is pivotally supported on the tip end of the actuator 15 via the fourth pivot shaft 15c.

[0028] In this embodiment, the base end 14a (and the second pivot shaft 14b) of the second arm section 14 is located forward of the frame section 11a, and the base end 15a (and the third pivot shaft 15b) of the actuator 15 is located forward of the base end 14a (and the second pivot shaft 14b) of the second arm section 14, and these are lined up in series at a distance from each other in the tunnel axis direction. In other words, the second pivot shaft 14b and the third pivot shaft 15b each extend perpendicular to a plane defined by the tunnel axis direction and the tunnel interior / exterior directions, and the third pivot shaft 15b is located forward of the second pivot shaft 14b. In addition, the base end 14a (and the second pivot shaft 14b) of the second arm section 14 and the base end 15a (and the third pivot shaft 15b) of the actuator 15 are located closer to the tunnel interior than the outer circumferential surface 3 of the formwork 1.

[0029] A scaffolding 30 is installed below the base portion 11. The scaffolding 30 is attached directly or indirectly to the gantry vehicle or formwork 1. Various tasks around the gable formwork device 10 can be performed by workers on the scaffolding 30.

[0030] The gable end 6 of the formwork 1 is provided with a fixing means 41 for fixing a sheet pile 40 (see Figure 11) capable of closing the gable end opening 4a of the space 4. The fixing means 41 is configured to include an angle bar 42 arranged at a distance from the gable end 6 of the formwork 1. The angle bar 42 (fixing means 41) is provided in a position where it does not interfere with (in other words, where it does not come into contact with) the first arm portion 13 and the face plate portion 12 when the first arm portion 13 is raised or lowered relative to the beam portion 11b (see Figure 4).

[0031] A pair of pillar members 43 are erected at the front of the beam section 11b so as to sandwich the front part of the actuator 15 from both sides in the tunnel circumferential direction. These pillar members 43 support receiving members 44 that extend (extend in an arch shape) in the tunnel circumferential direction. The receiving members 44 are formed, for example, from channel steel with an open rear. The receiving members 44 are used to receive support members 45 (see Figure 11) that support the sheet piles 40.

[0032] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the operating state of the gable form device 10 in this embodiment. In detail, Figures 4(A) to (C) show three operating positions of the gable form device 10, with Figure 4(A) showing the gable form storage position (hereinafter simply referred to as the "storage position") which is the first operating position, Figure 4(B) showing the gable form removal position (hereinafter simply referred to as the "removal position") which is the second operating position, and Figure 4(C) showing the gable form set position (hereinafter simply referred to as the "set position") which is the third operating position. In addition, in Figs. 4(a) to 4(c), the pillar members 43 and the receiving members 44 described above are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

[0033] 4(A), the actuator 15 is in the most shortened state, so that the second arm 14 stands upright relative to the beam 11b and the first arm 13 lies flat against the beam 11b. Furthermore, because the first arm 13 lies flat against the beam 11b, the face plate 12 faces the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 (in other words, the face plate 12 faces outward in the radial direction of the tunnel). In this stored position, the face plate 12 is spaced apart from the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. In this separated state, the separation distance L1 between the angle iron 42 (fixing means 41) and the face plate portion 12 is preferably within a range of 175 mm or more at the lower limit and 1200 mm or less at the upper limit (i.e., the separation distance L1 is 175 mm to 1200 mm), and more preferably within a range of 375 mm or more at the lower limit and 1000 mm or less at the upper limit (i.e., the separation distance L1 is 375 mm to 1000 mm). Furthermore, in this separated state, the separation distance L2 between the opening end of the gable-side opening 4a and the face plate 12 (in other words, the separation distance L2 between the gable-side end 6 of the formwork 1 and the face plate 12) is preferably within a range of 200 mm or more at the lower end and 1225 mm or less at the upper end (i.e., the separation distance L2 is 200 mm to 1225 mm), and more preferably within a range of 400 mm or more at the lower end and 1025 mm or less at the upper end (i.e., the separation distance L2 is 400 mm to 1025 mm). This makes it easier for workers on the scaffolding 30 to install the sheet piles 40 and arrange the reinforcement when pouring the lining concrete in the reinforced concrete section shown in Figure 11, and also prevents the gable-side formwork device 10 from becoming larger. In addition, the space of the separation distance L2 becomes a working space for installing the sheet piles 40 and for reinforcing bar arrangement work when the gable side opening 4a of the space 4 is blocked by the sheet piles 40 without using the face plate portion 12 in the reinforced concrete section shown in Figure 11.

[0034] In the stored position shown in Fig. 4(A), the face plate portion 12, the first arm portion 13, the second arm portion 14, and the actuator 15 are compactly stored within the storage height H shown in Fig. 4(A). Here, the storage height H corresponds to the distance between the outer surface 3 of the formwork 1 and the beam portion 11b in the tunnel interior / exterior direction. The storage height H is preferably 1200 mm or less, and more preferably 600 mm or less. Setting the storage height H in this manner makes it easier to perform reinforcement work and sheet pile 40 installation work in the reinforcing bar section shown in Fig. 11.

[0035] In the set position shown in Figure 4(c), the actuator 15 is in a fully extended state, so that the second arm 14 is laid flat against the beam 11b and the first arm 13 is erected against the beam 11b. Furthermore, as the first arm 13 is erected against the beam 11b, the face plate 12 closes the end-side opening 4a of the space 4 (in other words, the face plate 12 faces rearward). By expanding the sealing member 20 in this set position, the gap between the face plate 12 and the tunnel inner surface 2 can be sealed (see Figure 2). In addition, in the set position shown in FIG. 4(c), the tip of the second arm portion 14 in the laid-down state abuts against the frame portion 11a.

[0036] The demolding position shown in Fig. 4(B) is an intermediate position between the storage position shown in Fig. 4(A) and the set position shown in Fig. 4(C). In the demolding position shown in Fig. 4(B), the actuator 15 is more extended than in the storage position shown in Fig. 4(A), and is more retracted than in the set position shown in Fig. 4(C). In the demolding position shown in Fig. 4(B), the second arm portion 14 is laid down relative to the beam portion 11b, and the first arm portion 13 is tilted forward by an angle θ from its upright position. This tilting (tilting) of the first arm portion 13 causes the face plate portion 12 to retract from the end-side opening 4a of the space 4, opening the end-side opening 4a. 4(A), the tip of the second arm portion 14 in the collapsed state abuts against the frame portion 11a. The angle θ shown in Figures 4(A) and 4(C) is called the "removal angle," and corresponds to the angle between the stopper portion 14c (specifically, the surface of the stopper portion 14c with which the first arm portion 13 can abut) and the tunnel inner / outer direction (tunnel radial direction) when the tip of the second arm portion 14 abuts against the frame portion 11a.

[0037] For example, when moving from the set position shown in Figure 4(c) to the demolding position shown in Figure 4(a), the panel portion 12 and the first arm portion 13 rotate (rotate forward) relative to the second arm portion 14 and the beam portion 11b, with the first pivot axis 13a as the center of rotation. 4(A), the face plate portion 12, the first arm portion 13, and the second arm portion 14 rotate (rotate forward) relative to the beam portion 11b around the second pivot shaft 14b. During this rotation, the relative angle between the first arm portion 13 and the second arm portion 14 on the first pivot shaft 13a is maintained by the stopper portion 14c.

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, as the actuator 15 extends toward the set position shown in Figure 4 (c), the second arm portion 14 collapses relative to the beam portion 11b so that the tip of the second arm portion 14 approaches the formwork 1, and the first arm portion 13 stands up relative to the beam portion 11b, causing the panel portion 12 to block the gable side opening 4a of the space 4. In addition, in this embodiment, when the actuator 15 is shortened toward the storage position shown in Figure 4 (a), the second arm portion 14 stands up relative to the beam portion 11b so that the tip of the second arm portion 14 moves away from the formwork 1, and the first arm portion 13 collapses relative to the beam portion 11b, thereby moving the panel portion 12 away from the gable side opening 4a of the space 4.

[0039] Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the setting order of the face plate portion 12 in this embodiment. Note that Fig. 5 shows the areas P1 to P9 of the arch-shaped end-side opening 4a in a developed state on a plane. In this embodiment, first, as shown in Figure 5(a), the panel portions 12 corresponding to areas P1, P3, P5, P7, and P9 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4 are set as the leading group, and each panel portion 12 is set in a set position (see Figure 4(c)) so as to block the areas P1, P3, P5, P7, and P9. Next, as shown in Figure 5(a), the panel portions 12 corresponding to areas P2, P4, P6, and P8 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4 are set as the trailing group, and each panel portion 12 is set to the set position (see Figure 4(c)) so as to block the areas P2, P4, P6, and P8.

[0040] In this embodiment, plate-like members 25 are attached to both sides of the face plate 12 constituting the leading group in the tunnel circumferential direction. On the other hand, plate-like members 25 are not attached to the face plate 12 constituting the trailing group. One side of the face plate 25 in the tunnel circumferential direction is attached to the face plate 12 constituting the leading group, and the other side of the face plate 25 in the tunnel circumferential direction can overlap (be superimposed on) the face plate 12 constituting the trailing group. Therefore, the gap between the face plate 12 constituting the leading group and the face plate 12 constituting the trailing group can be blocked by the plate-like member 25. The order in which the face plate portions 12 are set is not limited to that shown in Fig. 5. Modified examples of the order in which the face plate portions 12 are set will be described later with reference to Figs.

[0041] 6 is a diagram showing a method (first casting method) for pouring lining concrete in a non-reinforced concrete section in this embodiment. Here, the "non-reinforced concrete section" refers to a section of the lining concrete constructed as a secondary lining that does not contain reinforcing bars. In contrast, the "reinforced concrete section" refers to a section of the lining concrete constructed as a secondary lining that contains reinforcing bars (in other words, a section made of reinforced concrete).

[0042] In the first method of pouring the lining concrete, first, as shown in Fig. 6(A), the gable side opening 4a of the space 4 is blocked with a plurality of face plates 12. In other words, each face plate 12 is set in a set position (see Fig. 4(C)) so as to block areas P1 to P9 of the gable side opening 4a of the space 4. The set order of the face plates 12 is, for example, the set order shown in Fig. 5 above.

[0043] Next, the pipe member 21b of the holding mechanism 21 is slid from the retracted position shown in FIG. 6(A) to the extended position shown in FIG. 2, causing the pipe member 21b to protrude radially outward from the face plate 12. Then, the sealing members 20 attached to each face plate 12 are expanded, thereby sealing the gap between each face plate 12 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2. Furthermore, when the sealing members 20 expand, the pipe member 21b of the holding mechanism 21 promotes the expansion of the sealing members 20 in the tunnel circumferential direction, so that the gap between the plate member 25 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 can also be sealed by the sealing members 20. This point is illustrated in FIG. 7, which shows the expanded state of the sealing members 20 and illustrates how the expansion of the sealing members 20 between face plate portions 12 adjacent to each other in the tunnel circumferential direction seals the gap between the plate member 25 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2.

[0044] Next, as shown in Fig. 6(A), lining concrete C is poured into the space 4. After the lining concrete C has been cured, the sealing member 20 is contracted and the pipe member 21b of the holding mechanism 21 is slid from the advanced position shown in Fig. 6(A) to the retracted position described above, thereby eliminating the protrusion of the pipe member 21b from the face plate portion 12 described above.

[0045] Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 6(c), each face plate portion 12 is set to the demolding position (see Fig. 4(a)). The demolding order of the face plate portions 12 is the reverse of the set order shown in Fig. 5 (i.e., after the face plate portions 12 constituting the trailing group are demolded, the face plate portions 12 constituting the leading group are demolded).

[0046] By repeating the first pouring method for the lining concrete shown in Figs. 6(a) to 6(c) and the advancement of the formwork 1, the construction of the lining concrete in the non-reinforced concrete section progresses.

[0047] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first modified example of the setting order of the face plate portion 12 in this embodiment. In this modified example, first, as shown in Figure 8(a), the panel portions 12 corresponding to areas P2, P4, P6, and P8 of the gable side opening 4a of the space 4 are set as the leading group, and each panel portion 12 is set in the set position (see Figure 4(c)) so as to block the areas P2, P4, P6, and P8. Next, as shown in Figure 8(a), the panel portions 12 corresponding to areas P1, P3, P5, P7, and P9 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4 are set as the trailing group, and each panel portion 12 is set to the set position (see Figure 4(c)) so as to block the areas P1, P3, P5, P7, and P9.

[0048] In this modified example, plate-like members 25 are attached to both sides of the face plate portions 12 constituting the leading group in the tunnel circumferential direction. On the other hand, of the face plate portions 12 constituting the trailing group, those corresponding to areas P3, P5, and P7 do not have plate-like members 25 attached. Furthermore, of the face plate portions 12 constituting the trailing group, those corresponding to areas P1 and P9 do not have plate-like members 25 attached to the sides adjacent to areas P2 and P8. Therefore, in this modified example as well, the gap between the face plate portion 12 constituting the leading group and the face plate portion 12 constituting the trailing group can be blocked by the plate-like member 25.

[0049] 9 and 10 are diagrams showing a second modified example of the setting order of the face plate portion 12 in this embodiment. In this modification, first, as shown in FIG. 9(A), the face plate portion 12 is set in the set position (see FIG. 4(C)) so as to close the areas P1 and P9 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. Next, as shown in FIG. 9(A), the face plate portion 12 is set to the set position (see FIG. 4(C)) so as to close the areas P2 and P8 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. Next, as shown in FIG. 9(c), the face plate portion 12 is set to the set position (see FIG. 4(c)) so as to close the areas P3 and P7 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. Next, as shown in FIG. 10(d), the face plate portion 12 is set in the set position (see FIG. 4(c)) so as to close the areas P4 and P6 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. Next, as shown in FIG. 10(E), the face plate portion 12 is set to the set position (see FIG. 4(C)) so as to close the area P5 of the end-side opening 4a of the space 4. In this modified example, for adjacent panel sections 12 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, a plate-shaped member 25 is attached to the panel section 12 that is set first, and this plate-shaped member 25 can close the gap between the panel section 12 that is set first and the panel section 12 that is set later.

[0050] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method (second casting method) for pouring lining concrete in a reinforced concrete section in this embodiment. In the second method of pouring the lining concrete, first, each face plate portion 12 is placed in the storage position (see FIG. 4(A)). Then, wooden sheet piles (insertion boards) 40 are inserted into the gap between the gable end portion 6 of the formwork 1 and the angle iron 42, and cambers (wedges) 46 are driven between the angle iron 42 and the sheet pile 40 to secure the sheet pile 40 in place. In this way, the gable opening 4a of the space 4 is blocked by the multiple sheet piles 40. Note that a support member 45 for supporting the sheet pile 40 is arranged between the sheet pile 40 and the receiving member 44. The support member 45 can be formed of, for example, a pipe or a square timber.

[0051] Furthermore, reinforcing bars 50 are placed so as to penetrate the sheet piles 40 from within the space 4 and extend forward (in the tunnel axial direction). Thereafter, lining concrete is poured into the space 4.

[0052] Here, as already explained with reference to FIG. 4(A), by ensuring the separation distances L1 and L2, it becomes possible for workers on the scaffolding 30 to easily perform the work of installing the sheet piles 40 and the work of arranging reinforcement.

[0053] According to this embodiment, the end form device 10 can open and close the end-side opening 4a of the space 4 for pouring lining concrete between the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 and the outer circumferential surface 3 of the formwork 1. The end form device 10 includes a base portion 11 that protrudes in the tunnel axial direction from the end-side end 6 of the formwork 1 on the tunnel interior space side of the outer circumferential surface 3 of the formwork 1; a face plate portion 12 that can close the end-side opening 4a; a first arm portion 13 whose tip portion is connected to the face plate portion 12 and supports the face plate portion 12; a second arm portion 14 whose tip portion is hinged to the base end of the first arm portion 13 and whose base end portion 14a is hinged to the base portion 11; and a telescopic actuator 15 whose base end portion 15a is hinged to the base portion 11 and whose tip portion is hinged to the first arm portion 13 or the face plate portion 12. This can improve workability in the area inside the tunnel interior space side of the formwork 1.

[0054] According to this embodiment, the extension operation of the actuator 15 causes the second arm 14 to collapse relative to the base 11 so that the tip of the second arm 14 approaches the formwork 1, and the first arm 13 stands up relative to the base 11, causing the face plate 12 to close the gable-side opening 4a (see FIG. 4(c)). The contraction operation of the actuator 15 causes the second arm 14 to stand up relative to the base 11 so that the tip of the second arm 14 moves away from the formwork 1, and the first arm 13 collapses relative to the base 11, causing the face plate 12 to move away from the gable-side opening 4a (see FIG. 4(a)). This makes it possible to sufficiently ensure the separation distance L1 shown in FIG. 4(a), for example.

[0055] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, second arm portion 14 includes stopper portion 14c that restricts first arm portion 13 from tipping over relative to second arm portion 14. This makes it possible to prevent first arm portion 13 from tipping over excessively relative to second arm portion 14.

[0056] According to this embodiment, the base portion 11 has a frame portion 11a attached to the end portion 6 of the formwork 1 and a beam portion 11b extending from the frame portion 11a in the tunnel axis direction. A base end portion 14a of the second arm portion 14 and a base end portion 15a of the actuator 15 are hingedly connected to the beam portion 11b. When the second arm portion 14 is lowered relative to the beam portion 11b, the tip end portion of the second arm portion 14 abuts against the frame portion 11a. This allows the posture of the second arm portion 14 to be stabilized, for example, in the demolding position shown in FIG. 4(A) and the set position shown in FIG. 4(C).

[0057] According to this embodiment, the gable formwork device 10 is equipped with a sealing member 20 attached to the face plate 12 and capable of sealing the gap between the face plate 12 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2. The sealing member 20 is configured, for example, by an inflatable / deflated bag member. This allows the gap between the face plate 12 and the tunnel inner circumferential surface 2 to be sealed with a simple configuration. While this embodiment has been described using a bag member as an example of the sealing member 20, the sealing member 20 is not limited to a bag member. An elastic body may also be used as the sealing member 20, such as a spatula-shaped rubber plate or a member that can elastically deform to the width of the gap. A sheet pile inserted at an angle may also be used as the sealing member 20. A plate-shaped member that can slide and expand may also be used as the sealing member 20.

[0058] According to this embodiment, multiple face plates 12 are arranged in a line in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the gable formwork device 10 is provided with a pair of first arms 13, a pair of second arms 14, and a pair of actuators 15 for each face plate 12. One side of a plate-like member 25 for closing the gap between adjacent face plates 12 in the tunnel circumferential direction is attached to one of the adjacent face plates 12, and the other side of the plate-like member 25 can overlap the other of the adjacent face plates 12. This allows the plate-like member 25 to be set simultaneously (in a single operation) with the setting of the face plate 12 in the gable-side opening 4a. In other words, the plate-like member 25 can be installed efficiently.

[0059] According to this embodiment, the gable end 6 of the formwork 1 is provided with fixing means 41 for fixing a sheet pile 40 capable of closing the gable opening 4a, and the fixing means 41 is provided in a position where it does not interfere with the first arm portion 13 and the face plate portion 12 when the first arm portion 13 is raised or lowered relative to the base portion 11 (see Figures 4(A) to 4(C)). This makes it possible to use a conventional method using wooden sheet piles 40 in combination.

[0060] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, when the face plate portion 12 is spaced from the gable opening 4a, the distance L2 between the opening edge of the gable opening 4a and the face plate portion 12 is 200 mm or more (see FIG. 4(A)). This makes it easier for workers on the scaffolding 30 to install the sheet piles 40 and perform reinforcement work (see FIG. 11).

[0061] According to this embodiment, the method of pouring lining concrete into the space 4 using the gable formwork device 10 (the second pouring method described above) includes fixing sheet piles 40 to the gable end 6 of the formwork 1 using fixing means 41 while the face plate 12 is separated from the gable end opening 4a, thereby blocking the gable end opening 4a with the sheet piles 40, and pouring lining concrete into the space 4 while reinforcing bars 50 extend from the space 4 through the sheet piles 40 in the tunnel axial direction (see FIG. 11 ). In this method, scaffolding 30 is installed below the base 11, and a worker on the scaffolding 30 fixes the sheet piles 40 to the gable end 6 of the formwork 1 using the fixing means 41. In this manner, lining concrete can be constructed in the reinforcing bar section.

[0062] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the method of pouring lining concrete into the space 4 using the gable formwork device 10 (the first pouring method described above) includes pouring the lining concrete C into the space 4 with the face plate portion 12 closing the gable side opening 4a (see Figures 6(a) to 6(c)). In this way, lining concrete can be constructed in the non-reinforced concrete section. Furthermore, even in cases where non-reinforced concrete sections and reinforced concrete sections alternate, lining concrete can be constructed efficiently using the gable formwork device 10.

[0063] It should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention encompasses not only what is directly shown in the described embodiments, but also various improvements and modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1...formwork, 2...tunnel inner surface, 3...outer surface, 4...space, 4a...end opening, 5...tunnel bottom, 6...end end, 10...end formwork device, 11...base portion, 11a...frame portion, 11b...beam portion, 12...face plate portion, 13...first arm portion, 13a...first pivot shaft, 14...second arm portion, 14a...base end portion, 14b...second pivot shaft, 14c...stopper portion, 15...actuator, 15a...base end portion, 15b...second 3 pivot axis, 15c...fourth pivot axis, 20...sealing member, 21...holding mechanism, 21a...cylindrical member, 21b...pipe member, 21c...handle, 25...plate-shaped member, 30...scaffolding, 40...sheet pile, 41...fixing means, 42...angle member, 43...column member, 44...receiving member, 45...support member, 46...camber, 50...reinforcing bar, C...lining concrete, H...storage height, L1, L2...separation distance, P1 to P9...area, θ...angle

Claims

1. A gable formwork device that can open and close the gable side opening of the space for pouring lining concrete between the inner surface of a tunnel and the outer surface of the formwork, a base portion extending from the end of the formwork in the tunnel axial direction on the tunnel interior side of the outer peripheral surface of the formwork; a face plate portion capable of closing the end side opening; a first arm portion having a tip portion connected to the face plate portion and supporting the face plate portion; a second arm portion having a distal end hinged to a proximal end of the first arm portion and a proximal end hinged to the base portion; an extendable actuator having a base end hinged to the base portion and a tip end hinged to the first arm portion or the face plate portion; A gable formwork device comprising:

2. By the extension operation of the actuator, the second arm portion falls down relative to the base portion so that the tip end of the second arm portion approaches the formwork, and the first arm portion stands up relative to the base portion, whereby the face plate portion closes the gable side opening, The gable formwork device of claim 1, wherein the contraction of the actuator causes the second arm portion to stand up relative to the base portion so that the tip of the second arm portion moves away from the formwork, and the first arm portion to collapse relative to the base portion, thereby separating the panel portion from the gable side opening.

3. The gable form device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second arm portion is provided with a stopper portion that restricts the first arm portion from falling down relative to the second arm portion.

4. The gable formwork device according to claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising a sealing member attached to the face plate portion and capable of sealing a gap between the face plate portion and the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel.

5. A plurality of the face plate portions are arranged side by side in the tunnel circumferential direction, a pair of the first arm portions, a pair of the second arm portions, and a pair of the actuators are provided for one of the face plate portions, A gable formwork device as described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein one side of a plate-shaped member for sealing the gap between adjacent panel portions in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is attached to one of the adjacent panel portions, and the other side of the plate-shaped member is capable of overlapping with the other of the adjacent panel portions.

6. A fixing means for fixing a sheet pile capable of closing the gable side opening is provided at the gable side end of the formwork, 3. The gable formwork device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means is provided at a position where it does not interfere with the first arm portion and the panel portion when the first arm portion is raised or lowered relative to the base portion.

7. The gable formwork device according to claim 6, wherein when the face plate portion is spaced apart from the gable side opening, the distance between the opening end of the gable side opening and the face plate portion is 200 mm or more.

8. A method for pouring lining concrete into the space using the gable formwork device according to claim 6, The sheet pile is fixed to the end of the formwork using the fixing means while the face plate portion is spaced from the end opening, thereby closing the end opening with the sheet pile; and Pouring lining concrete into the space in a state where reinforcing bars extend from the space through the sheet pile in the tunnel axial direction; A method for pouring lining concrete, including:

9. A method for pouring lining concrete into the space using the gable formwork device according to claim 1 or 2, A method for pouring lining concrete, comprising pouring lining concrete into the space while the face plate portion is blocking the gable side opening.

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