Temporary house for disaster prevention

Abstract

To provide a temporary dwelling house which can be immediately utilized as a living place only by being transferred to and installed in a required place in an emergency, which can keep weight balance in transfer and installation, and which brings pipes for water and sewerage close to each other.SOLUTION: The temporary housing capable of being relocated by a truck is provided with a living room 4 having a bed base 6 and an air conditioner 8 on one side end side in a box-shaped dwelling part 2 and a kitchen 7 on the almost center part, a private room 5 having a washroom and a bath and a shower and a toilet on the other side end side, the kitchen 7 and the washroom and the bath and the shower and the toilet are arranged at a position where a shortest distance can connect a water supply route and a drain route, a rainwater tank collecting rainwater from the outside and supplying the rainwater as clean water and a solar panel supplying electric power to the roof part are provided, and on one of two longitudinal side faces of the box-shaped dwelling part 2, an entrance and a panel capable of being opened upward after installing the temporary housing on a place to be installed are provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to temporary housing, and more particularly to temporary housing that can be quickly set up in a desired location and used immediately after a major disaster such as an earthquake. [Background technology]

[0002] In the past, especially since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, the importance of quickly establishing temporary housing to support evacuees in areas severely damaged by earthquakes and typhoons has been recognized and required. In Japan, the Disaster Relief Act stipulates that construction of temporary housing must begin within 20 days of the disaster, but in some cases it can take an extremely long time for disaster victims to move in. Furthermore, there are also cases where the Disaster Relief Act does not apply at all.

[0003] In light of this situation, Patent Document 1 proposes a type of rapid-construction temporary housing that is easy to assemble and responds to emergencies, is compact yet provides sufficient living space, and is comprised of a lower structure, upper walls, protruding structures, a ceiling, and an extension, which allows for compact storage in normal times, and can be stacked, secured, and transported in the event of an emergency, and can be assembled easily and securely at the installation site. However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 required on-site assembly, and the interior equipment of the house also needed to be set up on-site, so it took several days to deliver it to disaster-stricken areas such as mountainous and depopulated areas where it was difficult to get manpower and supplies. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-36325 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide temporary housing that can be used immediately as a place to live in in the event of an emergency by simply transporting it to a required location and setting it up, and that has good weight balance during transportation and installation and is located close to water and sewerage pipes.

[0006] After thorough research, the inventors discovered that even before the government is fully prepared to build large-scale temporary housing, if a pre-prepared house that is well balanced in weight during transportation and set up so that people can start living in it immediately can be transported on a truck or a cart towed by a truck, it can be easily set up in the desired location and can support the lives of at least one disaster-stricken household as a temporary house.Furthermore, they discovered that even if the temporary house is box-shaped, providing it with a terrace can give it the image of a home for people to live in, bringing peace of mind to the disaster victims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The invention of claim 1 is a temporary housing that can be relocated by being placed on the back of a truck or on a cart pulled by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area with a steel core frame, The box-shaped living area has a living room equipped with a bed and an air conditioner at one side end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room equipped with a washroom, a bath shower, and a toilet at the other side end, The kitchen, the washroom, the bath shower, and the toilet are arranged on the outer wall of the temporary housing in a position that allows the water supply route and the sewerage route to be connected in the shortest distance, A rainwater tank and a water purification system are provided outside the box-shaped living area, the rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and outer wall of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area, a solar panel is provided on a roof of the box-shaped living space, and the solar panel supplies power to the box-shaped living space; A doorway is provided on one of the two long sides of the box-shaped living area, a panel that can be opened upward to form a canopy after the temporary housing is installed at the installation location, on the exterior of the long side having the entrance; Regarding temporary housing.

[0008] The invention of claim 2 relates to the temporary housing of claim 1, which has a container shape and is made of wood inside and outside.

[0009] The invention of claim 3 relates to the temporary housing described in claim 1, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the side of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of hinges, stays, and hinges.

[0010] The invention according to claim 4 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the eaves and the ground are supported by poles.

[0011] The invention according to claim 5 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 1, which is provided with a deck as a floor of the eaves part in front of the entrance.

[0012] The invention according to claim 6 is a temporary housing that can be relocated by being placed on the back of a truck or on a cart pulled by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area with a steel core frame, The box-shaped living area has a living room equipped with a bed and an air conditioner at one side end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room equipped with a washroom, a bath shower, and a toilet at the other side end, The kitchen, the washroom, the bath shower, and the toilet are arranged on the outer wall of the temporary housing in a position that allows the water supply route and the sewerage route to be connected in the shortest distance, A rainwater tank and a water purification system are provided outside the box-shaped living area, the rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and outer wall of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area, a solar panel is provided on a roof of the box-shaped living space, and the solar panel supplies power to the box-shaped living space; A doorway is provided on one of the two long sides of the box-shaped living area, a panel that can be opened outward from the entrance to form a canopy after the temporary housing is installed at an installation location, on the roof portion on the longitudinal side where the entrance is provided; The temporary housing relates to a temporary housing in which the framework is manufactured in two parts, a lower part and an upper part, and when transported, the lower part and the upper part are stacked to make them half the height, and the upper part is fixed to the lower part at the installation site, and the temporary housing is exteriorized by covering it with a tent sheet having waterproof, fireproof, heat-insulating and light-blocking functions.

[0013] The invention of claim 7 relates to the temporary housing described in claim 6, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the side of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of hinges, stays, and hinges.

[0014] The invention according to claim 8 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 6, wherein the eaves and the ground are supported by poles.

[0015] The invention according to claim 9 relates to the temporary housing according to claim 6, which is provided with a deck as a floor of the eaves part in front of the entrance. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the invention of claim 1, temporary housing with a box-shaped living area equipped with living facilities and a canopy on the side of the entrance can be installed anywhere accessible by truck, allowing residents to begin living there immediately after installation. The box-shaped living area is constructed with a steel core, providing sufficient strength for long-term use. The interior equipment is pre-installed with weight balance taken into consideration, allowing the box to be lifted as is when loading and unloading onto a truck bed or a trolley to be pulled by a truck. Furthermore, the inclusion of a rainwater tank, water purification equipment, and solar panels allows for independent access to purified water and electricity, even in areas where lifelines are cut off due to a disaster, without relying on the restoration of the water supply and power grid. Furthermore, the panels protect the glass on the side of the box-shaped living area where the entrance is located, and the canopy on the side of the entrance gives the temporary housing a residential feel, even though it is temporary, providing emotional support for residents and further expanding the living space beyond the box-shaped living area.

[0017] According to the invention of claim 2, it is possible to provide temporary housing that is strong, durable, and comfortable for long-term use.

[0018] According to the invention of claim 3, there is an effect that the panel can be easily opened by hand to form a canopy.

[0019] According to the invention of claim 4, by supporting the panel with a pole after opening it, it is possible to easily set up and fix the eaves at the entrance by hand.

[0020] According to the invention of claim 5, by installing a deck on the eaves of the entrance, it can be used as a terrace with a roof and floor, which has the effect of providing more spacious living space.

[0021] According to the invention of claim 6, temporary housing with a box-shaped living area equipped with living facilities and a canopy on the entrance side can be installed anywhere accessible by truck, allowing residents to begin living there immediately after installation. The box-shaped living area is constructed with a steel core, providing sufficient strength for long-term use. The interior equipment is pre-installed with weight balance taken into consideration, allowing the box to be lifted onto and off the truck bed or a trolley to be pulled by a truck. Furthermore, by equipping the building with a rainwater tank, water purification equipment, and solar panels, it is possible to obtain purified water and electricity independently, without relying on the restoration of the water supply and power grid, even in areas where lifelines are cut off due to a disaster. The paneled canopy on the entrance side of the temporary housing gives the temporary housing a residential feel, supporting residents' mental well-being and further expanding the living space beyond the box-shaped living area. When transporting, the upper part can be stacked on top of the lower part of the temporary housing frame, so when loaded onto a truck, it can be loaded at half the height of the temporary housing, which has the effect of allowing the frames of two temporary housing units to be stacked and transported at the same time. Furthermore, after the temporary housing frame is installed at the installation site, it is exterior-covered with a tent sheet that has waterproof, fireproof, heat-insulating, and light-blocking properties, which has the effect of making installation easy. Furthermore, since the panels are folded toward the roof during transport, it has the effect of protecting the equipment inside the frame during transport.

[0022] According to the invention of claim 7, there is an effect that the panel can be easily opened by hand to form a canopy.

[0023] According to the invention of claim 8, by supporting the panel with a pole after opening it, it is possible to easily set up and fix the eaves at the entrance by hand.

[0024] According to the invention of claim 9, by installing a deck on the eaves of the entrance, it can be used as a terrace with a roof and floor, which has the effect of providing more spacious living space. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention being lifted from a loading platform. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a front view of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a side view of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a rear view of the temporary housing according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1A and 1B are vertical and horizontal cross-sectional views of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the framework of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a temporary house according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a temporary housing according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0027] [Embodiment 1] Figure 1 shows the temporary housing (1) of the present invention being lifted and lowered from the bed of a truck or a cart towed by a truck. Figure 1 shows the temporary housing (1) as seen from the front with its panels closed during transportation. The size of the box-shaped living space of the temporary housing (1) according to the present invention is not important, but it must be within the range that can be carried in a vehicle. In this embodiment, the bottom of the box-shaped living space is 2200 mm x 6000 mm and the height is 2600 mm so that it can be loaded onto a 4-ton truck and transported. A 4-ton truck can deliver the space to places without main roads, such as mountainous areas. The method of lowering the temporary housing (1) from the truck bed or the cart pulled by the truck is not limited to the lifting method, and the drawings should be understood as merely examples.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a front view showing the temporary housing (1) according to the present invention that has been lowered from the loading platform to the installation site in FIG. 1, with the panel provided on the entrance side of the box-shaped living space (2) opened. An entrance (15) is provided inside the open panel. The entrance (15) can be a sliding door or an outward-opening door. Having the entrance (15) inside the eaves with the panel open gives residents a sense of security.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a side view of the temporary house (1) according to the present invention in the state shown in FIG. The box-shaped living area (2) has a panel (13) on the side facing the entrance that opens upward to form a canopy. The open panel (13) may be supported at its outer edge by a pole (16). A deck (14) is preferably installed under the canopy to be used as a terrace (3) at the entrance.

[0030] A rainwater tank (9) is installed on one side of the box-shaped living area (2), and rainwater from a rain gutter (10) is accumulated in the rainwater tank (9). The rainwater accumulated in the rainwater tank (9) passes through a water purification system (11) and is supplied as purified water to the kitchen and private rooms in the living area. If there is a river or lake near the temporary housing, a pump can be installed in the tank (9) to draw water from the river or lake and send it to a water purification facility (11) for use as purified water. The water purification equipment (11) is preferably equipped with a filter, RO filtration, and ultraviolet sterilization equipment.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4, the house is equipped with solar panels (12) on the roof and has pipes for purified water, sewage, and electricity on the rear exterior wall, so that purified water and electricity can be used even when the lifelines are not restored. The solar panel (12) provided on the roof is, for example, 12 square meters, but is not limited to this. Propane gas can also be used if a gas tank and gas piping are prepared and installed in advance. Of course, a portable household gas stove can also be provided.

[0032] The water purification system (11) preferably includes a water purification device and a purified water tank, and purifies rainwater from the rainwater tank (9) during times of low electricity demand, such as at night, and stores it in the purified water tank. The purified water tank is connected to the kitchen and private rooms via the waterworks. It is advisable to provide a water storage tank in the kitchen so that there is no shortage of purified water in the kitchen even if a large amount of purified water is used in the private room showers. A purified water tank with a capacity of, for example, 2 cubic meters allows for a life without worrying about water supply.

[0033] The solar panel (12) is preferably connected to a power supply device including a converter and a storage battery, so that power can be supplied to the temporary housing regardless of whether it is in sunlight or not.

[0034] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the living room and the private room may be provided with a ventilation system (17).

[0035] As shown in FIG. 4, the kitchen and private rooms of the living room are provided with piping on the exterior walls that connects the water supply line (20) and the sewer line (21) over the shortest distance.

[0036] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B in FIG. The box-shaped living area (2) has a steel frame with wooden walls, floors, and ceilings. In this embodiment, 100mm x 100mm column pipes are used as the core material, and cypress wood is used for the interior and exterior walls, but this is not limited to this. It is preferable to place insulation material between the interior and exterior walls. A roof may be provided on top of the box-shaped living area (2). The roof may be any shape, such as gable, shed, or hipped, but it must be kept to a height that allows it to be loaded onto a truck and transported.

[0037] The panel 13 may be made of, but is not limited to, wood, fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), etc. The size of the panel 13 can be selected arbitrarily as long as it does not exceed the size of the side surface on the entrance side of the box-shaped living area 2. Preferably, the size is selected to cover at least the glass-covered portion of the side surface on the entrance side. The panels (13) are attached to the exterior of the box-shaped living area (2), which has an entrance (11), using hinges, stays, hinges, etc. The panels (13) are preferably supported by poles (16) that open upward to form a canopy over the entrance. The poles (16) can be made of any material, such as square bars, round bars, or pipes made of wood, aluminum, or steel. They only need to be strong enough to support the weight of the panels (13). Preferably, the outer edges of the panels (13) are supported by poles (16) approximately every 2 m from the center to both ends. By installing a separately manufactured deck (14) on the eaves, it becomes a terrace (3) at the entrance, improving the quality of the living space. The deck (14) is an important part that, together with the panels, constitutes the exterior of the temporary housing, so it is preferable to make it out of wood such as cypress.

[0038] FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of a temporary house according to the present invention. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the temporary housing (1) comprises a box-shaped living area (2) and a terrace (3) with panels (13) as eaves and a deck (14) as the floor, and the box-shaped living area (2) comprises a living room (4) and a private room (5). The living room (4) is equipped with living facilities such as a bed (6), kitchen (7), and air conditioner (8), and the private room (5) is equipped with a washroom, bath, shower, and toilet. The kitchen (7) is equipped with a refrigerator, sink and stove. The stove runs on electricity, but gas can also be used if gas equipment is installed in advance. It is also advisable to have a television or other important source of information in the room.

[0039] The kitchen (7) and private rooms (5) in the box-shaped living area (2) are supplied with purified water from a water purification system. Electricity for the kitchen (7), air conditioner (8), television, water heater, lighting, and other appliances inside and outside the home is supplied by solar panels (12).

[0040] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a temporary housing unit according to one embodiment of the present invention. The living room (4) is equipped with a bed (6), a kitchen (7), and an air conditioner (8), and the private room (5) is equipped with a washroom, a bathroom shower, and a toilet, so that residents can start living there immediately. It is also preferable to prepare a dining table, chairs, and rods for hanging clothes in the living room (4) in advance.

[0041] [Embodiment 2] Figure 8 shows the framework of the temporary housing, which was constructed in two parts, upper and lower. In this embodiment, all equipment inside the box-shaped living space can be fixed to the framework in advance and transported. Water, sewerage, and electrical pipes are installed under the flooring. The panels form a canopy on the entrance side when installed.

[0042] When transporting by truck, if the upper part (18) of the frame is assembled with the lower part (19) of the frame and loaded onto the truck bed, one temporary housing unit can be loaded at half the height. This makes it possible to transport multiple temporary housing units at the same time by stacking the frame of another temporary housing unit on top of the frame of one already loaded. For example, if the lower part of one frame is attached to the lower part of another frame and loaded onto a loading platform, and then the upper part of another frame is attached to the upper part of the frame and placed on top of that, it would be possible to transport four temporary housing units at a time, and there is no limit to the number of units that can be loaded.

[0043] The lower (19) and upper (18) parts of the framework are fixed together by fitting steel frames together, fastening bolts, etc., so as to maintain the strength of the house.

[0044] As shown in Figure 9, after transportation, the temporary housing of this embodiment is installed at the installation location by placing the lower part of the framework, fixing the upper part on top of it, opening the panels (13), and then covering it with a tent sheet that has waterproof, fireproof, heat-insulating, and light-blocking properties to form an exterior.

[0045] Tent sheets that have waterproof, fireproof, heat-insulating, and light-blocking properties are selected from those with excellent functionality, such as polyester fabric coated with fluororesin or polyvinyl chloride. It is preferable to select an appropriate material depending on the environment of the installation location, such as heat insulating performance, light blocking performance, heat ray reflecting performance, soundproofing performance, etc.

[0046] If solar panels are placed on the eaves of the panel (13) on the entrance side, at least 12 square meters of solar panels can be used in this embodiment.

[0047] According to the temporary housing of the present invention, temporary housing where disaster victims can live safely and cleanly can be delivered as quickly as possible even in the event of a disaster. The implementation modes are not limited to the embodiments described herein, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applied to various modes, provided that the requirements are that it can be mounted on a vehicle, that it has good weight balance when moving and setting up, that it can be easily set up and used by a small number of people, and that it has sufficient facilities to ensure safety and cleanliness in daily life. [Industrial Applicability]

[0048] According to the present invention, in the event of an emergency, temporary housing can be provided that can be transported to the required location and set up immediately, even in disaster-stricken areas where manpower and supplies are difficult to reach, such as mountainous or depopulated areas. More specifically, even before the government is ready to construct large-scale temporary housing, pre-prepared housing that is well-balanced for transportation and temporary set-up and allows immediate use can be transported on a truck or a cart towed by a truck, and easily set up in the desired location, supporting the lives of at least one disaster-stricken household as a single temporary housing unit. Furthermore, even if the temporary housing is box-shaped, providing a terrace can give it the appearance of being a dwelling for people, helping disaster victims return to their daily lives. [Explanation of symbols]

[0049] 1. Temporary housing 2. Box-shaped living area 3 Terrace 4 Room 5 private rooms 6 beds 7. Kitchen 8. Air Conditioning 9. Rainwater Tank 10 Rain gutters 11 Water purification facilities 12. Solar Panels 13 Panels 14 Decks 15 Entrance 16. Paul 17 Ventilation vent 18 Top of the framework 19 Lower part of the framework 20 Water Supply Route 21 Sewerage Route

Claims

1. Temporary housing that can be moved by placing it on the back of a truck or on a cart pulled by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area with a steel core frame, The box-shaped living area has a living room equipped with a bed and an air conditioner at one side end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room equipped with a washroom, a bath shower, and a toilet at the other side end, The kitchen, the washroom, the bath shower, and the toilet are arranged on the outer wall of the temporary housing in a position that allows the water supply route and the sewerage route to be connected in the shortest distance, A rainwater tank and a water purification system are provided outside the box-shaped living area, the rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and outer wall of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area, a solar panel is provided on a roof of the box-shaped living space, and the solar panel supplies power to the box-shaped living space; A doorway is provided on one of the two long sides of the box-shaped living area, a panel that can be opened upward to form a canopy after the temporary housing is installed at the installation location, on the exterior of the long side having the entrance; Temporary housing.

2. 2. The temporary housing according to claim 1, having a container shape with the frame having a wooden interior and exterior.

3. 2. The temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the side of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of a hinge, a stay, and a hinge.

4. 2. The temporary housing according to claim 1, wherein the eaves are supported by poles between the eaves and the ground.

5. The temporary housing according to claim 1, further comprising a deck as a floor of the eaves portion of the entrance.

6. Temporary housing that can be moved by placing it on the back of a truck or on a cart pulled by a truck, It has a box-shaped living area with a steel core frame, The box-shaped living area has a living room equipped with a bed and an air conditioner at one side end and a kitchen in the approximate center, and a private room equipped with a washroom, a bath shower, and a toilet at the other side end, The kitchen, the washroom, the bath shower, and the toilet are arranged on the outer wall of the temporary housing in a position that allows the water supply route and the sewerage route to be connected in the shortest distance, A rainwater tank and a water purification system are provided outside the box-shaped living area, the rainwater tank collects rainwater from gutters installed on the roof edge and outer wall of the box-shaped living area, and the water purification system purifies water supplied from the rainwater tank and supplies it as purified water into the living area, a solar panel is provided on a roof of the box-shaped living space, and the solar panel supplies power to the box-shaped living space; A doorway is provided on one of the two long sides of the box-shaped living area, a panel that can be opened outward from the entrance to form a canopy after the temporary housing is installed at an installation location, on the roof portion on the longitudinal side where the entrance is provided; The framework is manufactured in two parts, a lower part and an upper part, and when transported, the lower part and the upper part are stacked to make them half the height, and the upper part is fixed to the lower part at the installation site, and the temporary housing is exteriorized by covering it with a tent sheet having waterproof, fireproof, heat-insulating and light-blocking functions.

7. 7. The temporary housing according to claim 6, wherein the panel is attached to the upper end of the side of the box-shaped living area having the entrance using one or more of the group consisting of a hinge, a stay, and a hinge.

8. 7. The temporary housing according to claim 6, wherein the eaves are supported by poles between the eaves and the ground.

9. The temporary housing according to claim 6, further comprising a deck as a floor of the eaves portion of the entrance.

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