Pallet and method for transporting load

Abstract

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a pallet having high strength.SOLUTION: A pallet according to the present disclosure is a pallet used for transporting a load, and includes a top plate, a plurality of upper surface beams that are arranged in parallel with each other on an upper surface of the top plate and on which the load can be placed, and a plurality of lower surface beams that are arranged in parallel with each other on a back surface of the top plate and function as leg bodies of the pallet. A first gap into which the fork can be inserted is provided between the adjacent upper surface girders, and a second gap into which the fork can be inserted is provided between the adjacent lower surface girders. The plurality of upper surface girders and the plurality of lower surface girders continuously extend from one end to the other end of the top plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to pallets and methods for transporting loads using pallets. [Background technology]

[0002] As wafer sizes increase, the sputtering targets used in sputtering equipment to manufacture electronic devices are becoming heavier, with each target weighing more than several tens of kilograms. Therefore, it is desirable to transport them using a lifter or similar device.

[0003] Normally, when transporting goods using a lifter, the goods are transported on a pallet. However, when goods are being transported from outside the clean room into the clean room, it is desirable to avoid bringing the pallet into the clean room along with the goods. Therefore, it is necessary to lift the goods from the pallet before entering the clean room and transport only the goods into the clean room.

[0004] The following document discloses a pallet with beams on the underside of the top plate and blocks on the top surface that can hold cargo, arranged at appropriate intervals. By inserting forks into the gaps between the blocks, cargo can be removed from the pallet using a lifter. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 03-081838 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, in the above-mentioned method, the deflection of the top plate cannot be reduced by the blocks placed on the top plate, and therefore the strength of the pallet cannot be increased.

[0007] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present disclosure aims to provide a pallet with high strength in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] Aspects of the present disclosure include: A pallet used for transporting cargo, The top plate and A plurality of upper surface girders arranged parallel to each other on the upper surface of the top plate, on which the luggage can be placed; A plurality of lower girders arranged parallel to each other on the back surface of the top plate and functioning as legs of the pallet; Equipped with A first gap into which a fork can be inserted is provided between adjacent upper surface beams, A second gap is provided between adjacent lower beams, into which a fork can be inserted; It is preferable that the plurality of upper girders and the plurality of lower girders extend continuously from one end of the top plate to the other end. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] In the pallet of the present disclosure, the upper girders, which are placed on the upper surface of the top plate, and the lower girders, which are placed on the underside of the top plate, extend continuously from one end of the top plate to the other. Because the upper girders and the lower girders each support the top plate, it is possible to enhance the effect of reducing deflection of the top plate, thereby increasing the strength of the pallet. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a pallet according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a top view of the pallet according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 taken along line AB. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing a method for transporting cargo using a pallet according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] 5 is a cross-sectional view of the area surrounded by CDEF in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the features of the lower surface girder according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a first configuration of an upper top panel made of cardboard. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second configuration of the top panel made of cardboard. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third configuration of the top panel made of cardboard. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram partially showing a first configuration of a top girder made of corrugated cardboard. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of the first configuration of the top surface girder using corrugated cardboard. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a second configuration of the top girder using corrugated cardboard. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of the second configuration of the top girder using corrugated cardboard. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third configuration of the top girder using corrugated cardboard. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of the third configuration of the top girder using corrugated cardboard. [Figure 16] FIG. 4 is a side view showing a first modified example of the pallet according to the first embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a side view showing a second modified example of the pallet according to the first embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pallet according to a second embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a top view of a pallet according to a second embodiment. [Figure 20] 20 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 19 taken along G-H. [Figure 21] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of IJ in FIG. 19. [Figure 22] 10 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage using a pallet according to a second embodiment. FIG. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a first modified example of the pallet according to the second embodiment. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a pallet according to a comparative example of the present disclosure. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pallet according to a third embodiment. [Figure 26] FIG. 10 is a top view of a pallet according to a third embodiment. [Figure 27] 27 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 26 in KL. [Figure 28] 10 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage using a pallet according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 29] 10 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage using a pallet according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 30] 10 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage using a pallet according to a third embodiment. FIG. [Figure 31] FIG. 10 is a top view showing a top surface of a first modified example of a pallet according to the third embodiment. [Figure 32] FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of an open plane in FIG. 31 . [Figure 33] FIG. 13 is a top view showing a lower top plate in a first modified example of the third embodiment. [Figure 34] 34 is a QR cross-sectional view of FIG. 33. [Figure 35] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a second modified example of the pallet according to the third embodiment. [Figure 36] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a third modified example of the pallet according to the third embodiment. [Figure 37] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a fourth modified example of the pallet according to the third embodiment. [Figure 38] FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pallet according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 39] 39 is a cross-sectional view of the area surrounded by STUV in FIG. 38. [Figure 40] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage using a pallet according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 41] FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pallet according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 42] FIG. 13 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pallet according to a sixth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding components will be designated by the same reference numerals, and repeated description may be omitted.

[0012] Embodiment 1 <Palette configuration> FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a pallet 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a top view of the pallet 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB of FIG. 2. In the XYZ coordinate system shown in the figure, the positive direction of the Z axis indicates the ceiling direction, and the negative direction of the Z axis indicates the floor direction. The XY plane is horizontal to the floor. This is common to all figures showing the XYZ coordinate system unless otherwise specified.

[0013] The top plate 1 is made by bonding an upper top plate 1A and a lower top plate 1B together. By bonding them together, the strength can be increased compared to when the top plate 1 is made from a single plate. The configuration of the top plate 1 is not limited to bonding an upper top plate 1A and a lower top plate 1B together. The top plate 1 may be made from a single plate, or may be made by bonding an additional plate to the upper top plate 1 and the lower top plate 1B. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the strength, it is desirable that the top plate 1 has at least one single plate that cannot be divided into small pieces. It is also desirable that the top plate 1 does not have any through holes, through grooves, etc.

[0014] Parallel upper girders 2, 3, and 4 are arranged at a distance from each other on the top surface of the top plate 1. Each of the upper girders 2 to 4 extends continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular top plate 1. The upper surfaces P1, P2, and P3 of the upper girders 2 to 4 are at approximately the same height from the top plate 1, allowing cargo to be placed on them. The gap S1 between the upper girders 2 and 3, and the gap S2 between the upper girders 2 and 4, are spaces into which forks can be inserted when lifting cargo. To avoid interference with the forks, the beginning and end of the extension of gap S1 and gap S2 are open. Furthermore, gaps S1 and S2 are open toward the ceiling surface.

[0015] On the underside of the top plate 1, lower girders 5 and 6 are arranged, which are parallel to each other in a plan view. The lower girders 5 and 6 are parallel to the upper girders 2 to 4 in a plan view. The lower girders 5 and 6 extend continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular top plate 1. The lower girders 5 and 6 are of approximately the same height and function as the legs of the pallet 100. A gap S3 between the lower girders 5 and 6 is a space for inserting forks when lifting the pallet 100. By arranging the lower girders 5 and 6 along the edges of both sides of the top plate 1 as in this embodiment, the gap S3 can be made larger, and interference between the forks and the lower girders 5 and 6 can be avoided. However, the number of lower girders 5 and 6 is not limited as long as there are multiple girders. The arrangement of the lower girders 5 and 6 is also not limited.

[0016] In this way, in the pallet 100 of this embodiment, the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 extend continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular top plate 1. Because the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 each support the top plate 1, it is possible to enhance the effect of reducing deflection of the top plate 1. This increases the strength of the pallet 100.

[0017] <How to transport luggage using pallets> Figure 4 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage TG using pallet 100 according to embodiment 1. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the area surrounded by CDEF in Figure 4. Here, a method for transporting luggage TG from outside the clean room into the clean room using a lifter will be described. The lifter may be a forklift, a dolly, a power lifter, or any other type of lifter.

[0018] The object of the luggage TG is not particularly limited, but for example, it is a cardboard box that a sputtering target is packed in. The cardboard box brought into the clean room is preferably plastic cardboard (commonly known as Pladan), which has excellent low dust generation properties.

[0019] First, the first fork FK1 attached to the first lifter is inserted into the gap S3 of the pallet 100 and raised, thereby simultaneously lifting the package TG placed on the pallet 100 and the pallet 100 (first step). The first lifter then moves the package TG and the pallet 100 to the front room of the clean room, which is an intermediate point (second step). The first fork FK1 is then lowered, simultaneously lowering the package TG and the pallet 100 (third step). In this way, the package TG is transported, for example, from a sputtering target manufacturing factory to the front room of a clean room in an electronic device manufacturing factory.

[0020] Next, the second fork FK2 attached to the second lifter is inserted into the gaps S1 and S2 of the pallet 100 and raised to lift the cargo TG from the pallet 100 (fourth step). The second lifter is a lifter with a higher level of cleanliness than the first lifter. The second lifter then moves the cargo TG into the clean room (fifth step). The second fork FK2 is then lowered to unload the cargo TG (sixth step).

[0021] In this way, the pallet 100 of this embodiment is designed so that luggage TG can be removed by inserting the forks of the lifter into the gaps S1, S2 between adjacent top girders 2 to 4. By removing luggage TG from the pallet 100 before entering the clean room, only luggage TG can be brought into the clean room.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first lifter is responsible for transporting the luggage TG outside the clean room, and the second lifter, which is cleaner than the first lifter, is responsible for transporting the luggage TG in the antechamber and inside the clean room, thereby preventing dust sources from being brought into the clean room.

[0023] The first lifter and the second lifter do not necessarily have to be used separately, and may be the same depending on the required cleanliness.

[0024] The destination of the cargo is not limited to a clean room, but may be any place that requires a clean condition.

[0025] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the features of the lower girders 5, 6 according to the first embodiment. The gap S3 between the lower girders 5, 6 is open toward the floor. In other words, since the only frame that comes into contact with the floor is the lower girders 5, 6, it is possible to minimize the interference of the casters CAS protruding forward of the lifter LF with the pallet 100. This improves the efficiency of transportation by the lifter LF.

[0026] <Pallet materials> The pallet 100 can be made of wood, plastic (resin), paper, etc. From an environmentally friendly perspective, recycled materials can be used and plastic and paper are preferred because they can be recycled when discarded. Furthermore, from the perspective of weight reduction, plastic or cardboard materials such as paper are preferred.

[0027] From the viewpoint of clean room compatibility, it is preferable to use plastics that have excellent low dust generation properties. In addition to the above-mentioned environmental considerations and lightweight considerations, it is particularly preferable to use plastic cardboard for the pallet 100.

[0028] Known types of corrugated cardboard include single-faced, double-faced, multi-faced, and tri-wall corrugated cardboard. Any combination of corrugated cardboard with the required strength can be used for the pallet 100. However, from the perspective of increasing strength, it is preferable to use multi-faced or tri-wall corrugated cardboard.

[0029] A known adhesive having the required adhesive strength can be used to assemble the pallet 100. For example, an ethylene vinyl acetate hot melt adhesive can be used to assemble the top plate 1, upper girders 2 to 4, and lower girders 5 and 6, which require strong adhesive strength. Hot melt adhesives can be easily peeled off by heating with warm water, etc., which makes it easy to disassemble the pallet 100.

[0030] Furthermore, by using conductive plastic containing carbon black or the like, anti-static measures can be taken for the pallet 100, preventing charged objects from being brought into the factory. For example, plastic with a conductivity (intrinsic conductivity) of 0.01 S / cm or more, preferably 1 S / cm or more, can be expected to have an anti-static effect.

[0031] Generally, materials that are considered to be conductive have a conductivity of approximately 100 S / cm or more. However, in the case of the plastic used in the pallet 100 of this embodiment, all that is required is an antistatic effect, so this can include the semiconducting range of 0.01 to 1 S / cm.

[0032] Countermeasures against static electricity in the pallet 100 are not limited to when the pallet 100 is made of conductive plastic, but can also be implemented by attaching a conductive sheet to the surface of the pallet 100, for example.

[0033] <Configuration of top panel 1A made of cardboard> Hereinafter, examples of the configuration of the top panel 1A made of cardboard are shown in FIGS.

[0034] FIG. 7 shows a first configuration D1 of a top panel 1A made of corrugated cardboard. The top panel 1A is made up of stacked sheets of corrugated cardboard D1a, D1b, D1c, and D1d, which are single sheets of cardboard that cannot be divided into small pieces. In general, cardboard is known to have high strength against forces applied in the direction along its surface. By stacking the cardboard as shown in this figure, it is possible to increase the strength in the direction perpendicular to the surface. There is no limit to the number of cardboard sheets that can be stacked, and two or more cardboard sheets may be stacked depending on the required strength.

[0035] FIG. 8 shows a second configuration D2 of a top panel 1A made of corrugated cardboard. In the top panel 1A, corrugated cardboard D2a, laminated board D2b, and corrugated cardboard D2c are laminated together in this order. The laminated board D2b is a plurality of corrugated cardboards stacked in a direction along the surface of the top panel 1, and both cross sections of the laminate are flat, making it flat. By sandwiching the laminated board D2b between the single pieces of corrugated cardboard D2a and corrugated cardboard D2c, the strength can be increased not only in the direction along the surface of the top panel 1 but also in the direction perpendicular to it. However, the top panel 1A only needs to include the corrugated cardboard D2a and laminated board D2b, and the above-mentioned effects can be obtained in this case as well.

[0036] FIG. 9 shows a third configuration D3 of a top surface tabletop 1A made of corrugated cardboard. Four sheets of corrugated cardboard D3a, D3b, D3c, and D3d are stacked in the top surface tabletop 1A. A laminated plate D3e is incorporated into a portion of the intermediate layers of corrugated cardboard D3b and D3c. Like the laminated plate D2b, the laminated plate D3e is a plurality of corrugated cardboards stacked in a direction along the surface of the tabletop 1. In this way, the laminated plate D3e may be used only in a portion. By using the laminated plate D3e in a desired area, it is possible to partially increase the strength of the tabletop 1 in a direction perpendicular to its surface. The number and arrangement of the laminated plate D3e are not limited. Furthermore, the area where the laminated plate D3e is incorporated is not limited to the intermediate layer.

[0037] The above description of the upper top plate 1A also applies to the lower top plate 1B. In the description of the lower top plate 1B in FIGS. 7 to 9, please read upper top plate 1A as lower top plate 1B as appropriate.

[0038] <Construction of top girders 2-4 using corrugated cardboard> 10 to 15 show configuration examples of top beams 2 to 4 made of cardboard. Here, only top beam 4 is shown as a representative example, but the same applies to top beams 2 and 3. Here, the top board 1A has the second configuration D2 described above, but it is not limited to this and may also have the first configuration D1, the third configuration D3, or other configurations.

[0039] Figure 10 is a diagram partially showing a first configuration D4 of the top surface beam 4 made of corrugated cardboard. The top surface beam 4 is made of multiple pieces of corrugated cardboard stacked in a direction along the surface of the tabletop 1, and both cross sections of the stack are flat, resulting in a rectangular prism shape. By stacking the corrugated cardboard in a direction along the surface of the tabletop 1, it is possible to increase the strength in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the tabletop 1.

[0040] FIG. 11 shows a modified example of the first configuration D4 of the top girder 4 using corrugated cardboard. In addition to the first configuration D4 described above, the top girder 4 here has a corrugated cardboard D4a cover that protects the top surface P3, which is the luggage carrying surface. The provision of the cover prevents luggage from coming into contact with the main body of the top girder 4, thereby reducing deterioration of the main body of the top girder 4. By using an adhesive or double-sided tape containing processed starch as the main component to bond the corrugated cardboard D4a cover to the main body of the top girder 4, peeling becomes easy, and the cover can be replaced as needed depending on deterioration. Note that while this figure shows an example in which the corrugated cardboard D4a is single-layered, it may also be multi-layered.

[0041] FIG. 12 shows a second configuration D5 of a top beam 4 made of corrugated cardboard. In the top beam 4, multiple pieces of corrugated cardboard D5a, D5b, D5c, D5d, and D5e, each folded into a rectangular tube and successively reduced in size, are fitted together to form a single rectangular pillar. The top beam 4 is also arranged on the top board 1A so that the cross section of the fitted corrugated cardboard D5a-D5e is perpendicular to the surface of the top board 1. This allows the corrugated cardboard D5a-D5e to be stacked simultaneously in both directions along the surface of the top board 1 and perpendicular to the surface. This allows the strength of the top board 1 to be sufficiently increased in both directions along the surface and perpendicular to the surface.

[0042] 13 is a diagram showing a modified example of the second configuration D5 of the top girder 4 using corrugated cardboard. In addition to the second configuration D5 described above, the top girder 4 has a cover made of corrugated cardboard D5f that protects the top surface P3, which is the luggage carrying surface. This provides the same effects as those described in FIG. 11 in addition to the effects provided by the second configuration D5.

[0043] In the second configuration D5, the top girder 4 may be constructed by, for example, folding a single piece of cardboard each time and winding it so that the cross section is rectangular. The top girder 4 may be disposed on the top panel 1A so that the wound cross section of the cardboard is perpendicular to the top panel 1, or horizontally. Alternatively, the top girder 4 may be constructed by folding the cardboard in a zigzag pattern and pressing it to form a rectangular prism. Alternatively, the cardboard may be folded in a zigzag pattern and pressed to form a rectangular prism, and then wrapped around the periphery. In this case, not only double-sided cardboard but also single-sided cardboard and double-sided cardboard, which are easy to fold, can be suitably used. This also applies to the third configuration D6 described below.

[0044] FIG. 14 shows a third configuration D6 of a top beam 4 made of corrugated cardboard. The top beam 4 is made up of multiple corrugated cardboards D6a, D6b, D6c, D6d, and D6e, each folded into a rectangular tube, and successively smaller in size, fitted together to form a single rectangular pillar. Unlike the second configuration D5, the top beam 4 is arranged on the top panel 1A so that the cross section of the fitted corrugated cardboards D6a-D6e is horizontal to the surface of the top panel 1. As with the second configuration D5, the corrugated cardboards D6a-D6e can be stacked simultaneously in both directions along and perpendicular to the surface of the top panel 1. This allows for sufficient strength in both directions along and perpendicular to the surface of the top panel 1.

[0045] 15 is a diagram showing a modified example of the third configuration D6 of the top girder 4 using corrugated cardboard. In addition to the third configuration D6 described above, the top girder 4 has a cover made of corrugated cardboard D6f that protects the top surface P3, which is the luggage carrying surface. This provides the same effects as those described in FIG. 11 in addition to the effects provided by the third configuration D6.

[0046] The above explanation of the upper girders 2 to 4 also applies to the lower girders 5 and 6. Regarding the lower girders 5 and 6, please read the upper girders 2 to 4 as the lower girders 5 and 6 as appropriate in the explanation of Figures 10 to 15. Also, please read the upper surfaces P1 to P3 of the upper girders 2 to 4 as the bottom surfaces P4 and P5 of the lower girders 5 and 6 as appropriate. Note that the configuration explained in Figures 10 to 15 only needs to be applied to at least one of the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6.

[0047] As described above, in the pallet 100 of this embodiment, the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 extend continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular top plate 1. Because the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 each support the top plate 1, it is possible to enhance the effect of reducing deflection of the top plate 1. This increases the strength of the pallet 100.

[0048] The shape of the tabletop 1 when viewed from above does not necessarily have to be rectangular, and may be circular, elliptical, etc. In the present disclosure, the upper surface beams 2 to 4 and the lower surface beams 5 and 6 extend continuously from one end of the tabletop 1 to the other end, thereby reducing the deflection of the tabletop 1, and the shape of the tabletop 1 is not important.

[0049] First Modification of First Embodiment In pallet 100 of the first embodiment, by using reinforcing plates in some parts, the strength of pallet 100 can be increased even when it is made of cardboard such as paper or plastic.

[0050] Figure 16 is a side view showing a first modified example of the pallet 100 according to embodiment 1. In Figure 16, reinforcing plates 7 to 9 are provided on upper surfaces P1 to P3, which are the cargo carrying surfaces of upper girders 2 to 4, respectively. Furthermore, reinforcing plates 10 and 11 are provided on bottom surfaces P4 and P5, which are the floor contact surfaces of lower girders 5 and 6, respectively.

[0051] Deterioration of the load-placing surface and the surface that comes into contact with the floor can be reduced by the reinforcing plates 7 to 11. Furthermore, by selectively using the reinforcing plates only in necessary areas rather than on the entire pallet 100, an increase in weight can be suppressed.

[0052] 16, a reinforcing plate 12 is also provided on the back surface of the top plate 1 that contacts the gap S3. By supporting the top plate 1 with the reinforcing plate 12, the deflection of the top plate 1 can be further reduced compared to the first embodiment, thereby increasing the strength of the pallet 100. Furthermore, damage to the top plate 1 caused by the forks of the lifter coming into contact with the back surface of the top plate 1 can be prevented.

[0053] The reinforcing plates 7-12 are preferably made of a material stronger than the wood, plastic, paper, cardboard, or other materials used in the pallet 100, and are preferably made of lightweight metals such as plastic, aluminum, or duralumin. The reinforcing plates 7-12 may also be made of a material with higher friction than the material used in the pallet 100, such as rubber containing nitrile, silicone, urethane, or acrylic. In particular, using a high-friction material for the reinforcing plates 7-9 of the upper girders 2-4 increases the static friction coefficient on the load placement surface, allowing for more stable placement of loads (TG). Similarly, using a high-friction material for the reinforcing plates 10 and 11 of the lower girders 5 and 6 allows for stable placement of the pallet 100 on the floor. Similarly, using a high-friction material for the reinforcing plate 12 prevents the pallet 100 from falling off the forks of the lifter.

[0054] Furthermore, by using an adhesive or double-sided tape containing processed starch as the main component to adhere the reinforcing plates 7 to 12 to the pallet 100, separation becomes easy, and the reinforcing plates 7 to 12 can be replaced as they deteriorate.

[0055] <Modification 2 of First Embodiment> Figure 17 is a side view showing a second modified example of the pallet 100 according to the first embodiment. The reinforcing plates 7-9 may be bent to cover not only the upper surfaces P1-P3 of the upper girders 2-4 but also the side surfaces. Similarly, the reinforcing plates 10 and 11 may be bent to cover not only the bottom surfaces P4 and P5 of the lower girders 5 and 6 but also the side surfaces. This makes it possible to protect the side surfaces of the upper girders 2-4 and the lower girders 5 and 6.

[0056] Embodiment 2 The following describes the changes from the first embodiment.

[0057] <Palette configuration> Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a pallet 100 according to embodiment 2. Fig. 19 is a top view of the pallet 100 according to embodiment 2. Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line GH in Fig. 19, and Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IJ in Fig. 19.

[0058] The basic configuration of the pallet 100 of this embodiment is the same as that of the pallet 100 of embodiment 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3. However, in this embodiment, the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 are perpendicular to each other in a plan view. By supporting the top plate 1 from two directions where the upper girders 2 to 4 and the lower girders 5 and 6 are perpendicular to each other, the effect of reducing deflection of the top plate 1 can be improved compared to embodiment 1, and the strength of the pallet 100 can be further increased.

[0059] <How to transport luggage using pallets> 22 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage TG using a pallet 100 according to embodiment 2. As in embodiment 1, a method for transporting luggage TG from outside the clean room into the clean room will be described here. However, since the first to third steps performed using the first lifter are the same as those in embodiment 1, the description will be omitted.

[0060] In this embodiment, the gaps S1 and S2 for lifting the luggage TG are perpendicular to the gap S3 for lifting the pallet 100 in a plan view. Therefore, in the fourth step, the second fork FK2 is inserted from a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the first fork FK1 to lift the luggage TG. Since the luggage TG can be removed by the second lifter without moving the first fork FK1 away from the gap S3 by moving the first lifter, work efficiency can be improved compared to the first embodiment. Note that the fifth step and subsequent steps are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0061] 21, the bottom surface P5 of the lower girder 6 of this embodiment is cut away except for the starting end 6A and the ending end 6B where the lower girder 6 extends, creating an insertion space for the caster CAS. This prevents the caster CAS from interfering with the frame of the pallet 100 even when the second lifter is used to remove cargo TG from directly opposite the longitudinal surface of the lower girder 6. This configuration is also the same for the lower girder 5.

[0062] First Modification of Second Embodiment FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a first modified example of the pallet 100 according to the second embodiment. The pallet 100 has grooves S5 and S6 that cross the upper surfaces P1-3 of the upper girders 2-4, respectively, in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the upper girders 2-4. To provide fork insertion space, the grooves S5 and S6 penetrate the upper girders 2-4 in the extension direction. The provision of grooves S5 and S6 makes it possible to insert forks from two perpendicular directions when loading and unloading cargo, thereby improving work convenience compared to the second embodiment. Note that the number of grooves S5 and S6 does not necessarily have to be multiple; a single groove will suffice as long as a pair of forks can be inserted.

[0063] It should be noted that the grooves S5 and S6 of the present disclosure are deep enough not to penetrate the top girders 2 to 4. In other words, even with grooves S5 and S6 provided, the top girders 2 to 4 continue to extend continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular tabletop 1. Therefore, compared to the comparative example of Figure 24 in which the top girders 2 to 4 are divided by grooves S5 and S6, the effect of supporting the tabletop 1 can be improved, and the effect of reducing deflection of the tabletop 1 can be enhanced.

[0064] Embodiment 3 The following describes the changes from the first and second embodiments.

[0065] <Palette configuration> Figure 25 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of pallet 100 according to embodiment 3. Figure 26 is a top view of pallet 100 according to embodiment 3. Figure 27 is a KL cross-sectional view of Figure 26. However, in Figures 25 and 27, the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B are shown separated to make the internal configuration of pallet 100 easier to understand.

[0066] In this embodiment, a spindle 21 is provided in the center of the surface of the upper top plate 1A facing the lower top plate 1B. The lower top plate 1B also has a hole 22 into which the spindle 21 fits. By rotating the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B relative to each other around the spindle 21, it becomes possible to insert a fork from any direction when loading or unloading a package or pallet 100. This makes it possible to improve the convenience of the work compared to the first and second embodiments.

[0067] Here, the spindle 21 is provided on the top plate 1A and the hole 22 is provided on the bottom plate 1B, but the opposite may be true, with the hole 22 provided on the top plate 1A and the spindle 21 provided on the bottom plate 1B.

[0068] The spindle 21 can be made of, for example, cylindrical plastic or metal. Cardboard may also be used to reduce weight, in which case the spindle 21 can be made by stacking multiple disk-shaped cardboard pieces. Alternatively, the spindle 21 may be made by rolling up a single sheet of cardboard. Furthermore, the outer wall of the spindle 21 can be strengthened by covering the outer periphery of the rolled up cardboard with cylindrical plastic, metal, or the like.

[0069] On the other hand, the lower top panel 1B having the hole 22 can be made of, for example, a single layer or multiple layers of cardboard with a circular cutout in the center. Furthermore, the inner wall can be reinforced by fitting a cylindrical plastic, metal, or other material into the hole 22.

[0070] In order to improve the sliding properties of the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B, a lubricant containing, for example, paraffin wax or wax material may be applied between the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B, or a lubricating sheet or the like may be inserted between the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B.

[0071] <How to transport luggage using pallets> 28 to 30 are diagrams showing a method for transporting luggage TG using a pallet 100 according to embodiment 3. As in embodiment 1, a method for transporting luggage TG from outside the clean room into the clean room will be described here. The first to third steps performed using the first lifter are similar to those in embodiment 1, and therefore will not be described here. However, as shown in FIG. 28, in the first to third steps, gaps S1 and S2 are oriented parallel to gap S3.

[0072] Next, as shown in FIG. 29, before the fourth step, the upper top plate 1A is rotated 90 degrees relative to the lower top plate 1B with the luggage TG placed thereon. As a result, as shown in FIG. 30, the gaps S1 and S2 are oriented perpendicular to the gap S3. Furthermore, in the fourth step, the second fork FK2 of the second lifter is inserted into the gaps S1 and S2 to lift the luggage TG from the pallet 100. Since the second lifter can remove the luggage TG without moving the first lifter to move the first fork FK1 away from the gap S3, work efficiency can be further improved compared to the first embodiment. Note that the fifth step and subsequent steps are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0073] The rotation angle of the top board 1A is not limited to 90 degrees, but may be determined appropriately in accordance with the position of the second fork FK2 provided on the second lifter.

[0074] First Modification of Third Embodiment Figure 31 is a first modified example of pallet 100 according to embodiment 3, and is a top view showing upper top plate 1A. Figure 32 is an OP cross-sectional view of Figure 31. Figure 33 is a top view showing lower top plate 1B in the first modified example of embodiment 3. Figure 34 is a QR cross-sectional view of Figure 33. Figures 31 to 34 show the upper top plate 1A and lower top plate 1B separated to make the internal structure of pallet 100 easier to understand.

[0075] As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, in the upper top plate 1A, in addition to the spindle 21 described above, a pin 23 for limiting the rotation angle is provided on the surface facing the lower top plate 1B.

[0076] 33 and 34, a groove 24 is provided on the upper surface of the lower top plate 1B to serve as a guide when rotating the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B. The groove 24 is formed along an arc having a circumferential angle of 90 degrees with the hole 22 as its center, and a pin 23 can be inserted into the groove 24.

[0077] As described above, in this embodiment, the top plate 1A is rotated by 90 degrees so that the gaps S1 and S2 are parallel to or perpendicular to the gap S3. By rotating the top plate 1A using the groove 24 as a guide, the top plate 1A and the bottom plate 1B can be prevented from rotating by more than 90 degrees, thereby improving safety.

[0078] Furthermore, the pin 23 and the groove 24 are formed so that when the pin 23 is positioned at one end of the groove 24, the gaps S1 and S2 are parallel to the gap S3, and when the pin 23 is positioned at the other end of the groove 24, the gaps S1 and S2 are perpendicular to the gap S3. This makes it easy to position the top plate 1A when rotating it.

[0079] 31 to 34, the rotation angle of the top panel 1A is limited to a maximum of 90 degrees, but the angle is not limited to 90 degrees. In other words, the groove 24 may be formed along an arc having an arbitrary circumferential angle with the hole 22 as the center.

[0080] The pin 23 can be made of, for example, cylindrical plastic or metal. Cardboard may be used to reduce weight, in which case the pin 23 can be made by stacking multiple disk-shaped cardboard pieces. Alternatively, the pin 23 can be made by rolling up a single sheet of cardboard. Furthermore, the outer wall of the pin 23 can be strengthened by covering the outer periphery of the rolled up cardboard with cylindrical plastic, metal, or the like.

[0081] On the other hand, the lower top panel 1B having the hole 22 and groove 24 can be made of a single layer or multiple layers of corrugated cardboard with a circular cutout in the center and arcs cut out at any angle around the center. The inner wall can also be reinforced by fitting a cylindrical piece of plastic, metal, or the like into the groove 24.

[0082] <Modification 2 of Embodiment 3> Figure 35 is a perspective view showing a second modified example of the pallet 100 according to the third embodiment. A U-shaped fastener 25 is fixed to the pallet 100 and engages with one end of the upper top panel 1A and the lower top panel 1B to bind the upper top panel 1A and the lower top panel 1B together. The fastener 25 can be made of, for example, synthetic rubber, plastic, or metal. The fastener 25 prevents unintentional rotation of the upper top panel 1A and the lower top panel 1B, improving safety when transporting cargo.

[0083] The fasteners 25 may be fitted at any position on the outer periphery of the top panel 1A and the bottom panel 1B, and may be fitted at any of the four corners of the top panel 1A and the bottom panel 1B. The shape of the fasteners 25 is not limited to a U-shape, and may be any shape that allows the top panel 1A and the bottom panel 1B to be bundled together.

[0084] <Modification 3 of Embodiment 3> FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing a third modified example of the pallet 100 according to the third embodiment. Holes 26 are provided at two of the four corners of the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B, penetrating the upper top plate 1A and reaching the lower top plate 1B. Strength can be ensured by not penetrating the lower top plate 1B, but the holes 26 may also penetrate the lower top plate 1B. Unintentional rotation of the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B can be prevented by inserting pins 27 into the holes 26. It is preferable that the holes 26 are provided at or near the four corners, where they have little effect on the strength of the top plate 1. It is preferable that the holes 26 are provided in two locations, but one location is also acceptable.

[0085] <Fourth Modification of Third Embodiment> Figure 37 is a perspective view showing a fourth modified example of the pallet 100 according to the third embodiment. Rotation handles 28 are provided on the upper girders 3 and 4 located along both side edges of the top plate 1. This increases safety when rotating the upper top plate 1A. Note that the handles 28 need only be provided in a position on the pallet 100 that allows the upper top plate 1A and lower top plate 1B to be rotated, and may be provided on the lower girders 5 and 6, for example.

[0086] Furthermore, the handle 28 does not have to be cylindrical as shown in the figure, but may be U-shaped, L-shaped, or have other shapes.

[0087] In the third embodiment and its modifications, the spindle 21 and the hole 22 into which the spindle 21 is fitted are provided at the center of the surfaces of the upper top plate 1A and the lower top plate 1B facing each other, but this is not limited to the center. For example, a circular convex portion and a circular concave portion into which the circular convex portion is fitted may be provided around the central axis.

[0088] Embodiment 4 The following describes the changes from the first embodiment.

[0089] <Palette configuration> Figure 38 is a perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a pallet 100 according to embodiment 4. Figure 39 is a cross-sectional view of the area surrounded by STUV in Figure 38. The basic configuration of the pallet 100 of this embodiment is the same as that of the pallet 100 of embodiment 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3. However, in this embodiment, an intermediate top plate 1C is newly disposed on the upper surface of the lower top plate 1B. Furthermore, parallel intermediate girders 29, 30, and 31 are disposed at a distance from each other on the upper surface of the intermediate top plate 1C. Each of the intermediate girders 29 to 31 extends continuously between the opposing sides of the rectangular top plate 1. The intermediate girders 29 to 31 are approximately the same height, and an upper top plate 1A is disposed on the upper surface of each of the intermediate girders 29 to 31.

[0090] The gap S7 between the intermediate girders 29 and 30 and the gap S8 between the intermediate girders 29 and 31 are spaces through which the securing belts pass.

[0091] <How to transport luggage using pallets> FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a method for transporting luggage TG using a pallet 100 according to embodiment 4. As in embodiment 1, a method for transporting luggage TG from outside the clean room into the clean room will be described here. The first to third steps performed using the first lifter are similar to those in embodiment 1, and therefore will not be described here. However, as shown in FIG. 40, the luggage here is secured by a lashing belt 32A passed through gap S7 and a lashing belt 32B passed through gap S8. Securing the luggage TG with lashing belts 32A and 32B can improve the convenience and safety of the transport operation. It is preferable that lashing belts 32A and 32B be made of a material with low dust generation properties.

[0092] The fourth step and subsequent steps are also the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described here. However, in this embodiment, the fourth step and subsequent steps are carried out after the securing belts 32A and 32B are removed from the luggage TG.

[0093] The number and arrangement of the intermediate girders 29 to 31 for forming the gaps S7 and S8 that serve as insertion spaces for the cargo securing belts are not limited, and the intermediate girders 29 to 31 need only be arranged so that at least one gap is formed.

[0094] The intermediate top plate 1C does not necessarily have to be disposed. In other words, the gaps S7 and S8 can be provided by disposing a plurality of intermediate beams 29-31 between the lower top plate 1B and the upper top plate 1A, and the above-mentioned effect can be obtained.

[0095] First Modification of Fourth Embodiment The pallet 100 of this embodiment may be combined with embodiment 3. That is, in the intermediate top plate 1C of this embodiment, a spindle 21 is provided in the center of the surface facing the lower top plate 1B. Furthermore, a hole 22 into which the spindle 21 fits is provided in the lower top plate 1B. This allows the upper top plate 1A and intermediate top plate 1C to rotate relative to the lower top plate 1B, achieving the effect of combining embodiment 3 and embodiment 4.

[0096] Fifth embodiment The following describes the changes from the first embodiment.

[0097] <Palette configuration> Figure 41 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a pallet 100 according to embodiment 5. The basic configuration of the pallet 100 of this embodiment is the same as that of the pallet 100 of embodiment 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3. However, the top plate 1 of this embodiment is a rectangle with chamfered corners when viewed from above. Chamfering the corners reduces the risk of a worker tripping over the corners of the top plate 1.

[0098] Sixth embodiment The following describes the changes from the third embodiment.

[0099] <Palette configuration> FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing the outline of the configuration of a pallet 100 according to embodiment 6. In this embodiment, as in embodiment 3, an upper top plate 1A and a lower top plate 1B rotate relative to each other. However, in this embodiment, the top plate 1 is circular. An angle scale 33 is provided on the side of the lower top plate 1B. Furthermore, an indication arrow 34 is provided on the side of the upper top plate 1A. This makes it possible to check the rotation angle of the upper top plate 1A relative to the lower top plate 1B, improving workability. The top plate 1 is not limited to being circular, but may also be elliptical.

[0100] Here, the indicator arrow 34 is provided on the upper top plate 1A and the angle scale 33 is provided on the lower top plate 1B, but the opposite may also be true, with the angle scale 33 provided on the upper top plate 1A and the indicator arrow 34 provided on the lower top plate 1B.

[0101] As described above, the present disclosure can provide a highly strong pallet.

[0102] The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made in the implementation stage without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the embodiments and modifications may be implemented in appropriate combinations, in which case the combined effects can be obtained.

[0103] Various aspects of the present disclosure are summarized below as appendices. (Appendix 1) A pallet used for transporting cargo, The top plate and A plurality of upper surface girders arranged parallel to each other on the upper surface of the top plate, on which the luggage can be placed; A plurality of lower girders arranged parallel to each other on the back surface of the top plate and functioning as legs of the pallet; Equipped with A first gap into which a fork can be inserted is provided between adjacent upper surface beams, A second gap is provided between adjacent lower beams, into which a fork can be inserted; A pallet, wherein the plurality of upper girders and the plurality of lower girders extend continuously from one end of the top plate to the other end. (Appendix 2) 2. The pallet of claim 1, wherein the upper girders and the lower girders are perpendicular to each other or parallel to each other in a plan view. (Appendix 3) The top plate has an upper top plate on which the upper girders are arranged and a lower top plate on which the lower girders are arranged, 2. The pallet of claim 1, wherein the upper top plate and the lower top plate are rotatable relative to each other. (Appendix 4) a spindle is provided on the upper top plate on a surface facing the lower top plate; The lower top plate is provided with a hole into which the spindle is fitted, 4. The pallet of claim 3, wherein the upper top plate and the lower top plate rotate around the spindle. (Appendix 5) The upper top plate further includes a pin on a surface facing the lower top plate, a groove into which the pin can be inserted is provided on the upper surface of the lower top plate; A pallet as described in Appendix 4, wherein the groove is formed along an arc centered on the hole. (Appendix 6) A pallet as described in Appendix 5, wherein the pin and the groove are configured such that when the pin is positioned at one end of the groove, the first gap is parallel to the second gap, and when the pin is positioned at the other end of the groove, the first gap is perpendicular to the second gap. (Appendix 7) A pallet described in any one of appendix 3 to 6, further comprising a fastener that engages with one end of the upper top plate and the lower top plate to bundle the upper top plate and the lower top plate together. (Appendix 8) A pallet described in any one of appendix 3 to 6, having a hole through the upper top plate that extends to the lower top plate and into which a pin can be inserted. (Appendix 9) A pallet as described in any one of appendices 3 to 8, wherein a handle for rotating the upper top plate and the lower top plate relative to each other is provided on at least one of the upper beam and the lower beam. (Appendix 10) A pallet described in any one of Appendix 3 to 9, wherein a lubricant is applied between the upper top plate and the lower top plate to improve the rotational sliding properties of the upper top plate and the lower top plate, or a lubricating sheet is inserted between the upper top plate and the lower top plate. (Appendix 11) The upper top plate and the lower top plate are circular, An angle scale indicating a rotation angle of the upper top plate and the lower top plate is provided on one of the upper top plate and the lower top plate, A pallet as described in any one of appendices 3 to 10, wherein an indication arrow is provided on the other of the upper top plate and the lower top plate. (Appendix 12) 4. The pallet of claim 1, wherein the top plate has a single plate. (Appendix 13) 13. The pallet of claim 12, wherein the top plate is plastic or paper cardboard. (Appendix 14) The top plate includes the plate and a laminated plate bonded together, The board is made of corrugated cardboard, 14. A pallet as described in Appendix 12 or 13, wherein the laminated plate has multiple cardboards stacked in a direction along the surface of the plate. (Appendix 15) A pallet described in any one of appendices 12 to 14, wherein at least one of the upper girders and the lower girders is made of cardboard stacked in a direction along the surface of the top plate. (Appendix 16) In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, A pallet as described in any one of appendices 12 to 14, in which a plurality of cardboard boxes, each folded into a rectangular tube and successively reduced in size, are fitted together to form a single rectangular pillar, and the cross section of the fitted cardboard boxes is vertical or horizontal to the surface of the top plate. (Appendix 17) In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, A pallet according to any one of appendices 12 to 14, wherein the cardboard is wound so that the cross section is rectangular, and the wound cross section of the cardboard is vertical or horizontal to the surface of the top plate. (Appendix 18) In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, 15. A pallet according to any one of clauses 12 to 14, wherein the cardboard is zigzag folded and pressed into a rectangular prism. (Appendix 19) 19. A pallet according to any one of clauses 15 to 18, further comprising a cardboard cover on at least one of the top surface of the upper beam and the bottom surface of the lower beam. (Appendix 20) 19. The pallet of any one of clauses 15 to 18, wherein the cardboard is made of plastic or paper. (Appendix 21) 21. The pallet of claim 20, wherein the plastic is electrically conductive. (Appendix 22) Further, a reinforcing plate is provided on the upper surface of the upper beam and the bottom surface of the lower beam, A pallet as described in any one of appendices 15 to 18, wherein the reinforcing plate is made of a material that is stronger or has higher friction than the material used for the upper and lower beams. (Appendix 23) A pallet as described in Appendix 22, wherein the top plate has a reinforcing plate provided on the back surface that contacts the second gap. (Appendix 24) 23. The pallet of claim 22, wherein the reinforcing plate covers the upper surface of the upper beam and the bottom surface of the lower beam as well as the side surfaces of the upper beam and the lower beam. (Appendix 25) a groove extending across the upper surface of each of the plurality of upper surface beams in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the upper surface beams; A pallet described in any one of appendixes 1 to 24, wherein the groove does not penetrate through the plurality of upper surface girders in the depth direction, but penetrates through the plurality of upper surface girders in the direction in which the groove extends. (Appendix 26) A pallet described in any one of appendices 1 to 25, wherein the bottom surface of the lower girder is cut away except for the beginning and end where the lower girder extends, providing a space for inserting casters. (Appendix 27) 27. A pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the second gap between adjacent lower beams is open to the floor. (Appendix 28) The top plate is a lower top plate on which the lower girder is arranged; an upper top plate on which the upper girder is arranged; A plurality of intermediate beams arranged parallel to each other between the lower top plate and the upper top plate; Including, 3. A pallet as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein a third gap is provided between adjacent intermediate beams to allow a securing belt to pass through. (Appendix 29) The top plate further includes an intermediate top plate between the lower top plate and the intermediate beam, 29. The pallet of claim 28, wherein the lower top plate and the intermediate top plate are rotatable. (Appendix 30) A pallet described in any one of appendixes 1 to 10, wherein the top plate is a rectangle with chamfered corners when viewed in a plane. (Appendix 31) A method for transporting cargo using a pallet according to any one of appendices 1 to 30, comprising: a first step of inserting a first fork provided on a first lifter into the second gap to simultaneously lift the load placed on the pallet and the pallet; a second step of moving the load and the pallet to an intermediate point by the first lifter; a third step of lowering the first fork at the intermediate point to simultaneously unload the load and the pallet; a fourth step of inserting a second fork provided on a second lifter into the first gap to lift the load from the pallet; a fifth step of moving the luggage to a desired location by the second lifter; A method of transporting luggage, including: (Appendix 32) 32. A method for transporting luggage as described in Appendix 31, wherein the second lifter is a lifter that is cleaner than the first lifter.

[0104] <Correspondence to terms used in claims> In the claims, the gap S1 between upper girder 2 and upper girder 3, and the gap S2 between upper girder 2 and upper girder 4 are referred to as the first gap. The gap S3 between lower girder 5 and lower girder 6 is referred to as the second gap. Furthermore, the gap S7 between intermediate girder 29 and intermediate girder 30, and the gap S8 between intermediate girder 29 and intermediate girder 31 are referred to as the third gap. [Explanation of symbols]

[0105] 1: Top plate, 1A: Top top plate, 1B: Bottom top plate, 1C: Middle top plate, 2-4: Top beam, 5-6: Bottom beam, 6A: Starting end, 6B: End, 7-12: Reinforcing plate, 21: Spindle, 22: Hole, 23: Pin, 24: Groove, 25: Fastener, 26: Hole, 27: Pin, 28: Handle, 29-31: Middle beam, 32A: Fastening belt, 32B: Fastening belt, 33: Angle scale, 34: Indicator arrow, 100: Pallet, CAS: Caster, D1: First configuration, D1a-D1d: Cardboard, D2: Second configuration, D2a : cardboard, D2b: laminate, D2c: cardboard, D3: third configuration, D3a to D3d: cardboard, D3e: laminate, D4: first configuration, D4a: cardboard, D5: second configuration, D5a to D5e: cardboard, D6: third configuration, D6a to D6e: cardboard, D6f: cardboard, FK1: first fork, FK2: second fork, LF: lifter, P1 to P3: top surface, P4 to P5: bottom surface, S1: gap, S2: gap, S3: gap, S5: groove, S6: groove, S7: gap, S8: gap, TG: luggage

Claims

1. A pallet used for transporting cargo, The top plate and A plurality of upper surface girders arranged parallel to each other on the upper surface of the top plate, on which the luggage can be placed; A plurality of lower girders arranged parallel to each other on the back surface of the top plate and functioning as legs of the pallet; Equipped with A first gap into which a fork can be inserted is provided between adjacent upper surface beams, A second gap into which a fork can be inserted is provided between adjacent lower spars, A pallet, wherein the plurality of upper girders and the plurality of lower girders extend continuously from one end of the top plate to the other end.

2. The pallet according to claim 1 , wherein the upper girders and the lower girders are perpendicular to each other or parallel to each other in a plan view.

3. The top plate has an upper top plate on which the upper girders are arranged and a lower top plate on which the lower girders are arranged, The pallet of claim 1 , wherein the upper top plate and the lower top plate are rotatable relative to each other.

4. a spindle is provided on the upper top plate on a surface facing the lower top plate; The lower top plate is provided with a hole into which the spindle is fitted, The pallet of claim 3 , wherein the upper top plate and the lower top plate rotate about the spindle.

5. The upper top plate further includes a pin on a surface facing the lower top plate, a groove into which the pin can be inserted is provided on the upper surface of the lower top plate; The pallet according to claim 4 , wherein the groove is formed along an arc centered on the hole.

6. 6. A pallet as described in claim 5, wherein the pin and the groove are formed so that when the pin is positioned at one end of the groove, the first gap is parallel to the second gap, and when the pin is positioned at the other end of the groove, the first gap is perpendicular to the second gap.

7. The pallet according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising a fastener that fits onto one end of the upper top plate and the lower top plate to bind the upper top plate and the lower top plate together.

8. 5. A pallet according to claim 3, wherein a hole is provided through said upper top plate to reach said lower top plate, into which a pin can be inserted.

9. 5. A pallet according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a handle for rotating said upper top plate and said lower top plate relative to each other is provided on at least one of said upper girders and said lower girders.

10. A pallet as described in claim 3 or 4, wherein a lubricant is applied between the upper top plate and the lower top plate to improve the rotational sliding property of the upper top plate and the lower top plate, or a lubricating sheet is inserted between the upper top plate and the lower top plate.

11. The upper top plate and the lower top plate are circular, An angle scale indicating a rotation angle of the upper top plate and the lower top plate is provided on one of the upper top plate and the lower top plate, 5. A pallet according to claim 3, wherein an indication arrow is provided on the other of the upper top plate and the lower top plate.

12. The pallet of claim 1 , wherein the top plate comprises a single plate.

13. 13. The pallet of claim 12, wherein the top plate is plastic or paper-based cardboard.

14. The top plate includes the plate and a laminated plate bonded together, The board is made of corrugated cardboard, 13. The pallet according to claim 12, wherein the laminated plate has a plurality of corrugated cardboard sheets stacked in a direction along the surface of the plate.

15. The pallet according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the upper girders and the lower girders is made of cardboard laminated in a direction along the surface of the top plate.

16. In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, 13. A pallet as described in claim 12, wherein a plurality of cardboard boxes, each folded into a rectangular tube and successively smaller in size, are fitted together to form a single rectangular prism, and the cross section of the fitted cardboard boxes is vertical or horizontal to the surface of the top plate.

17. In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, 13. The pallet according to claim 12, wherein the corrugated cardboard is wound so that its cross section is rectangular, and the wound cross section of the corrugated cardboard is vertical or horizontal to the surface of the top plate.

18. In at least one of the upper spar and the lower spar, 13. The pallet of claim 12, wherein the corrugated cardboard is zigzag folded and pressed into a rectangular prism.

19. 19. A pallet according to any one of claims 15 to 18, further comprising a cardboard cover on at least one of the top surface of the upper beam and the bottom surface of the lower beam.

20. 19. A pallet according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the cardboard is made of plastic or paper.

21. 21. A pallet according to claim 20, wherein the plastic is electrically conductive.

22. Further, a reinforcing plate is provided on the upper surface of the upper beam and the bottom surface of the lower beam, 19. A pallet according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the reinforcing plate is made of a material that is stronger or has higher friction than the material used for the upper and lower beams.

23. The pallet according to claim 22, wherein the reinforcing plate is provided on the back surface of the top plate that contacts the second gap.

24. 23. A pallet according to claim 22, wherein the stiffener plate covers the upper surface of the upper spar and the bottom surface of the lower spar as well as the side surfaces of the upper spar and the lower spar.

25. a groove extending across the upper surface of each of the plurality of upper surface beams in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the upper surface beams; A pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the groove does not penetrate through the plurality of upper surface girders in the depth direction, but penetrates through the plurality of upper surface girders in the direction in which the groove extends.

26. 4. A pallet according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the lower girder is cut away except for the beginning and end where the lower girder extends, to provide a space for inserting casters.

27. The pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second gap between adjacent lower girders is open toward the floor surface.

28. The top plate is a lower top plate on which the lower girder is arranged; an upper top plate on which the upper girder is arranged; A plurality of intermediate beams arranged parallel to each other between the lower top plate and the upper top plate; Including, 3. A pallet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a third gap is provided between adjacent intermediate beams, through which a securing belt can be passed.

29. The top plate further includes an intermediate top plate between the lower top plate and the intermediate beam, 29. The pallet of claim 28, wherein the lower top plate and the intermediate top plate are rotatable.

30. The pallet according to claim 1 , wherein the top plate is rectangular in shape with chamfered corners in a plan view.

31. A method for transporting cargo using the pallet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a first step of inserting a first fork provided on a first lifter into the second gap to simultaneously lift the load placed on the pallet and the pallet; a second step of moving the load and the pallet to an intermediate point by the first lifter; a third step of lowering the first fork at the intermediate point to simultaneously lower the load and the pallet; a fourth step of inserting a second fork provided on a second lifter into the first gap to lift the load from the pallet; a fifth step of moving the luggage to a desired location by the second lifter; A method of transporting luggage, including:

32. 32. The method of transporting a load according to claim 31, wherein the second lifter is a lifter with a higher level of cleanliness than the first lifter.

Images