Elevator hoisting machine

Abstract

To provide an elevator hoisting machine that reduces the effort required for maintenance and inspection work. [Solution] The elevator hoisting machine 20 includes a sheave 21 over which the main rope is stretched, a movable unit 42 including a lining 43 that applies braking force to the sheave 21, and a braking mechanism 32 which includes a main body 54 that houses a plunger 53 provided with a rod 53A that contacts an adjustment bolt 46 attached to the movable unit 43, and a biasing unit 52 that displaces the movable unit 42 to a position where no braking force is applied by the contact surface of the rod 53A pushing the adjustment bolt 46 against the biasing force of the compression spring 45 when the main body 54 is energized, and the adjustment bolt 46 is provided with a cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole that is screwed into the rod 53A in a manner that allows it to be displaced in a direction toward or toward the rod 53A.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hoisting machine for an elevator provided in an elevator that raises and lowers a car via a main rope.

Background Art

[0002] An elevator hoisting machine includes a sheave around which a main rope for raising and lowering a car is wound, and a braking mechanism that applies a braking force to the sheave. This braking mechanism includes a movable unit that applies a braking force to the sheave using a sliding member, and a biasing unit that biases the movable unit. The movable unit is constantly biased in a direction to apply a braking force to the sheave, and when releasing this braking force, the biasing unit biases the movable unit in the opposite direction to the biasing force so that the braking state of the sheave is released.

[0003] This biasing unit includes a plunger to which a rod is attached and a main body composed of a coil or the like. The rod is arranged to protrude from the main body, and when the main body is in an energized state, the plunger moves a predetermined distance by magnetic force, thereby biasing the rod against the movable unit and bringing the braking force of the movable unit not to act on the sheave. On the other hand, when in a non-energized state, the rod is pushed back by the biasing force of the movable unit, so that the plunger is pushed back by the predetermined distance and the braking force acts on the sheave.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses an elevator hoisting machine provided with a braking mechanism including a lining (sliding member) and a lever to which the lining is attached, configured such that the lining is pressed against a rotating body via the lever by the biasing force of a first biasing member, and configured to move the lever in a direction to separate the lining from the rotating body using an actuator (main body) including a movable iron core (plunger).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6674666 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] Incidentally, during maintenance and inspection, it is necessary to measure the length of the rod protruding from the main body when the power is off in order to confirm that the plunger is being driven properly. However, since the above-mentioned rod is constantly biased by the movable unit, it is difficult to measure the length of the rod protruding from the main body, which poses a problem as it makes maintenance and inspection work more time-consuming.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide an elevator hoisting machine that can reduce the effort required for maintenance and inspection work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The elevator hoisting machine of the present invention comprises a sheave over which the elevator main rope is stretched, a movable unit including a sliding member that applies a braking force to the sheave and a biasing member that biases the sliding member in a direction that presses it against the sheave, and a braking mechanism including a main body that houses a plunger provided with a rod that contacts a bolt attached to the movable unit, and when the main body is energized, the rod pushes the bolt against the biasing force of the biasing member, thereby displacing the movable unit to a position where no braking force is applied, wherein the bolt is provided with a cylindrical member that is screwed onto the rod in a manner that allows it to be displaced in a direction toward or toward the rod.

[0009] In the elevator hoisting machine of the present invention, the cylindrical member may be provided with an opening for visually confirming the position of the rod.

[0010] In the elevator hoisting machine of the present invention, the cylindrical member may be provided with a measuring reference surface that is substantially parallel to the main body side reference surface provided on the main body when it is in contact with or close to the rod.

[0011] In the elevator hoisting machine of the present invention, the cylindrical member may be configured to displace the bolt to a position where no braking force is applied by being biased away from the main body by a brake release lever inserted between the cylindrical member and the main body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] In the elevator hoisting machine according to the present invention, the cylindrical member is screwed onto a bolt in a state that allows it to be displaced in a direction toward or toward the rod. Therefore, the length from the main body to the cylindrical member can be measured with the cylindrical member in contact with or close to the rod. Here, the length of the cylindrical member portion included in the length from the main body to the cylindrical member is of a constant size. Therefore, the length of the rod protruding from the main body can be determined by subtracting the length of the cylindrical member portion from the length from the main body to the cylindrical member. This reduces the effort required to measure the length of the rod protruding from the main body. As a result, the effort required for maintenance and inspection work can be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of the elevator in this embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2(a) is a diagram that includes the overall configuration of the hoisting machine shown in Figure 1, as well as a partially enlarged view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit in the braking mechanism, while Figure 2(b) is a diagram showing the configuration of the hoisting machine in a plan view. [Figure 3] Figure 3(a) is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit in the demagnetized state, and Figure 3(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit in the energized state. [Figure 4] Figure 4(a) shows the mounting position of the cylindrical member with a screw hole on the adjustment bolt when not in use, Figure 4(b) shows the position of the cylindrical member with a screw hole when in use, i.e., during maintenance and inspection, and Figure 4(c) is a partial enlargement view of the cylindrical member with a screw hole included in Figure 4(b). [Figure 5]Figure 5(a) shows the configuration of the cylindrical member with screw holes in a side view, and Figure 5(b) shows the configuration of the cylindrical member with screw holes in a top (plan) view. [Figure 6] Figure 6(a) is a plan view of the brake release lever, and Figure 6(b) is a side view of the brake release lever. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a plan view showing the brake release lever attached to the hoisting machine. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] The elevator 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the scales between components are not necessarily consistent in each figure. In each figure, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sheave 21 is shown as horizontal direction X, the horizontal direction perpendicular to horizontal direction X is shown as horizontal direction Y, and the vertical direction is shown as vertical direction Z.

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of elevator 10. As shown in Figure 1, elevator 10 is a rope-type elevator employing a traction drive system, and a machine room 12 is located directly above the hoistway 11. Elevator 10 is equipped with a hoisting machine (elevator hoisting machine) 20 and a deflector wheel 13 in the machine room 12. A main rope 14 is wound around the sheave 21 of the hoisting machine 20 and the deflector wheel 13, and an elevator car 15 is suspended from one end of the main rope 14, and a counterweight 16 is suspended from the other end.

[0016] FIG. 2(a) is a view showing the front-side configuration of the hoist 20 and partially including an enlarged view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit 52. FIG. 2(b) is a plan view showing the configuration of the hoist 20. In FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), in order to avoid complicated illustrations, the illustration of some components is omitted and the cross-sectional hatching is omitted. As shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the hoist 20 includes, in addition to the cable drum 21, a rotating body 22 attached coaxially with the cable drum 21, and a pair of left and right braking mechanisms 30, 32 that apply a braking force to the rotating body 22. Here, since the configurations of the braking mechanisms 30, 32 are the same, in the following description, mainly the right-side braking mechanism 32 will be described, and the description of the left-side braking mechanism 30 will be omitted as appropriate. This braking mechanism 32 includes a movable unit 42 and a biasing unit 52 that biases the movable unit 42.

[0017] The movable unit 42 has a lining (sliding member) 43 that applies a braking force to the rotating body 22, a braking lever 44 that rotatably supports the lining 43, a compression spring (biasing member) 45 that biases the braking lever 44 in a direction approaching the rotating body 22, and an adjustment bolt 46 that abuts against a rod 53A of the biasing unit 52 described later. The braking lever 44 is pivotally supported at its lower end via a rotating shaft 44B and is biased by a compression spring 45 attached to the upper part so as to rotate in a direction to press the lining 43 against the rotating body 22. This rotating body 22 is attached to the rotating shaft of the cable drum 21 disposed on the front side, and when a braking force acts on the rotating body 22, a braking force also acts on the cable drum 21.

[0018] The adjustment bolt 46 is disposed so as to penetrate the upper end portion 44A of the braking lever 44 in the horizontal direction X, and is fixed to the upper end portion 44A using a nut NT1 in a state of being screwed into a screw hole provided in the upper end portion 44A.

[0019] The biasing unit 52 includes a plunger 53 which is a movable iron core to which a rod 53A for biasing the adjustment bolt 46 described above is attached, and a main body (main body portion) 54 for housing the plunger 53. The main body 54 includes an electromagnetic portion 55 disposed so as to surround the periphery of the plunger 53 and a cover 56 for closing the end opening of the main body 54. The outer surface 56S (see FIG. 4(b)) of the cover 56 corresponds to the reference surface on the main body side of the present invention. A rod 53A is provided on the plunger 53. The rod 53A is disposed so as to protrude outside from a through hole 56H provided in the cover 56.

[0020] The electromagnetic portion 55 is constituted by a coil or the like and has a role of moving the plunger 53 toward the cover 56 side via magnetic force when energized. The cover 56 contains a ferromagnetic metal such as iron and has a function of attracting the plunger 53 by magnetic force when the electromagnetic portion 55 is in an energized (excited) state. Further, a compression spring 53C is interposed between a washer 53B attached to the tip of the rod 53A and the cover 56. By the biasing force of this compression spring 53C, the end face T (see FIG. 3(a)) of the rod 53A is held in contact with the adjustment bolt 46 of the movable unit 42.

[0021] The operation of the braking mechanism 32 will be described with further reference to FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b). FIG. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit 52 in the braking mechanism 32 at the braking position P1, and FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the internal configuration of the biasing unit 52 at the non-braking position P2. In FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the cross-sectional hatching is partially omitted to avoid complicated illustration. As shown in FIG. 3(a), when the electromagnetic portion 55 of the biasing unit 52 is in a non-energized state, the biasing force of the adjustment bolt 4 of the movable unit 42 is greater than the elastic force of the compression spring 53C that biases the plunger 53 toward the cover 56 side. Therefore, the plunger 53 moves in a direction away from the cover 56 and is held at the braking position P1. At this time, a magnetic gap (gap) GP is formed between the cover 56 and the plunger 53.

[0022] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3(b), when the electromagnetic unit 55 is energized, the plunger 53 is attracted to the cover 56 by magnetic force against the biasing force of the adjustment bolt 46, and moves to the non-braking position P2 on the cover 56 side. Note that a cushioning material (not shown) is placed between the cover 56 and the plunger 53, so the distance the plunger 53 moves when the electromagnetic unit 55 changes from a non-energized state to an energized state is slightly shorter than the magnetic gap GP described above. In this way, the adjustment bolt 46 is displaced outward via the plunger 53, in other words, away from the cover 56, and the movable unit 42 rotates away from the rotating body 22, causing the lining 43 to move away from the rotating body 22 and resulting in a state where no braking force acts on the rotating body 22.

[0023] Here, the size of the magnetic gap GP formed when the electromagnetic unit 55 is not energized must be a preset size for the plunger 53 to operate normally. However, it is not possible to directly measure the size of the magnetic gap GP, which is the gap between the plunger 53 and the cover 56.

[0024] Therefore, during maintenance and inspection, the length of the rod 53A protruding from the cover 56 when the electromagnetic unit 55 is not energized is measured and compared with, for example, the length of the rod 53A protruding from the cover 56 when it is energized, to confirm the size of the magnetic gap GP mentioned above.

[0025] However, since the rod 53A is abutted against the adjustment bolt 46 mentioned above, it is difficult to measure the length from the end face T of the rod 53A to the cover 56 using a measuring instrument such as a caliper, which presents a problem as it requires time and effort to measure.

[0026] Therefore, in this embodiment, the size of the magnetic gap GP is confirmed to be of an appropriate size by measuring the length of the rod 53A protruding from the cover 56 using a cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole attached to the adjustment bolt 46. The measurement method using the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole will be explained below with reference to Figures 4(a) to 5(b).

[0027] Figure 4(a) shows the mounting position of the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole on the adjustment bolt 46 when not in use. As shown in Figure 4(a), the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole is screwed onto the adjustment bolt 46 in a manner that allows it to be displaced in a direction toward or toward the rod 53A. When not in use and not being maintained, the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole is mounted in a retracted position adjacent to the upper end 44A of the brake lever 44, away from the rod 53A.

[0028] On the other hand, Figure 4(b) shows the position of the cylindrical member 60 with screw holes during maintenance and inspection. Figure 4(c) is a partially enlarged view of the cylindrical member 60 with screw holes included in Figure 4(b). As shown in Figures 4(b) and 4(c), when performing maintenance and inspection work, the cylindrical member 60 with screw holes is displaced toward the cover 56 side from the retracted position described above until the bottom surface 62F of the cap portion 62 comes into contact with or is close to the rod 53A, as will be detailed later.

[0029] Here, Figure 5(a) shows the configuration of the cylindrical member with a screw hole in a side view, and Figure 5(b) shows the configuration of the cylindrical member with a screw hole in a top view (in other words, a plan view). As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the cylindrical member with a screw hole 60 has a cap portion 62 that is bottomed in a cylindrical shape on the left side, and a screw hole 64 is provided that penetrates the central axis from the right end face 60Q to the bottom face 62F of the cap portion 62.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner space D of the cap portion 62 is formed in a roughly cylindrical shape, large enough to insert the rod 53A, or in other words, large enough to cover the rod 53A. In addition, the cap portion 62 has openings 62A and 62B on its sides. This allows the inner space D of the cap portion 62 to be visible from the outside.

[0031] However, if the biasing force of the bottom surface 62F in the internal space D of the cap portion 62 causes the end face T of the rod 53A (see Figure 3(a)) and the adjustment bolt 46 to separate, it becomes impossible to accurately measure the protruding length of the rod 53A that extends from the cover 56 of the main body 54.

[0032] Therefore, as shown in Figure 4(c), visually check whether the end face T of the rod 53A (see Figure 3(a)) and the bottom surface 62F are in slight contact through the openings 62A and 62B (in other words, the bottom surface 62F is in contact with the rod 53A to the extent that it does not push the rod 53A too far), or whether there is a very small gap between the end face T and the bottom surface 62F. Here, a very small gap is, for example, a gap of 0.02 mm or less. The size of the above very small gap may be checked by inserting a gap gauge through the openings 62A and 62B. After that, measure the distance L (see Figure 4(b)) from the right end face (measurement reference surface) 60R of the cylindrical member 60 with screw holes, that is, the right end face 60R of the cylindrical member 60 which is approximately parallel to the outer surface 56S of the cover 56 and located on the opposite side of the cover 56, to the outer surface 56S of the cover 56.

[0033] This allows us to confirm whether the normal state is achieved when the electromagnetic unit 55 changes from a non-energized state to an energized state, causing the plunger 53 to move to the non-braking position P2, thereby eliminating the braking force acting on the rotating body 22 via the movable unit 42. Furthermore, if the distance L is not within a preset tolerance, the protruding length of the rod 53A can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the fixing position of the adjustment bolt 46 relative to the braking lever 44 of the movable unit 42.

[0034] In the hoisting machine 20 of this embodiment, the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole is displaced toward the cover 56 until the bottom surface 62F of the cap portion 62 contacts or is close to the rod 53A, and the distance L from the cover 56 to the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole is measured. Here, the length (thickness) TL (see Figure 4(c)) of the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole, which is included in the distance L, is a constant length, in other words, a fixed value, so the length of the rod 53A protruding from the cover 56 can be confirmed by subtracting the length corresponding to the fixed value. Here, the length TL corresponds to the distance between the right end surface 60R and the bottom surface 62F of the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole. This reduces the effort required to measure the length of the rod 53A protruding from the cover 56. As a result, the effort required for maintenance and inspection work can be reduced.

[0035] Next, a method for releasing the brake in the event of a power outage in the hoisting machine 20 using the cylindrical member 60 with screw holes will be described. In the hoisting machine 20 described above, the electromagnetic unit 55 becomes de-energized in the event of a power outage, so a braking force acts on the rotating body 22 via the braking mechanisms 30 and 32. In such cases, it is necessary for a maintenance worker to manually and temporarily release the braking state in the braking mechanisms 30 and 32 in order to raise or lower the elevator car 15 to the designated landing.

[0036] Therefore, in this embodiment, the braking state in the braking mechanisms 30 and 32 is released using a cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole and brake release levers 70 and 72, which will be described later.

[0037] Figure 6(a) is a plan view of the brake release lever 72 described above, and Figure 6(b) is a side view of the brake release lever 72. As shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), the brake release lever 72 is a metal jig consisting of a lever body 74 which is a long rod shape and an insertion part 76 attached to the tip of the lever body 74. One end of the insertion part 76 is welded to the lever body 74, and the other end is bent and extends to form a claw part 78. This claw part 78 is a flat plate formed in a bifurcated shape so as to be able to grip the rod 53A.

[0038] As shown in Figure 7, a bulge 78A is provided on the back side of the insertion portion 76. This bulge 78A is approximately semicircular in side view and is provided in a straight line in the width direction. The bulge 78A functions as a fulcrum when the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole is moved toward the cover 56 and the bulge 78A is inserted into the gap SP (see Figure 7) formed between the cover 56 and the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole so that the bulge 78A contacts the cover 56, thereby biasing the lever body 74 toward the center of the sheave 21.

[0039] Furthermore, it is preferable to set the length of the gap SP to be slightly longer than the thickness of the claw portion 78, including the bulging portion 78A, in order to allow the claw portion 78 to be inserted. For this reason, it is desirable to adjust the size of the gap SP in advance by rotating the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole relative to the adjustment bolt 46 to move it from the retracted position described above towards the cover 56 side.

[0040] Furthermore, it is preferable to set the distance α between the tip 78P and the bulge 78A of the claw portion 78, which functions as a point of application when biasing the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole, so that when the claw portion 78 is inserted between the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole and the cover 56, the tip 78P is located behind the axis centerline CL of the adjustment bolt 46. More specifically, it is preferable to set the distance between the tip 78P and the axis centerline CL to be within 15% of the distance between the bulge 78A and the axis centerline CL. This allows the biasing force of the brake release lever 70 to be smoothly transmitted to the adjustment bolt 46 via the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole.

[0041] Here, Figure 7 is a plan view showing the hoisting machine 20 with the brake release lever 72 attached. As shown in Figure 7, when the electromagnetic part is not energized due to a power outage or the like, the cylindrical member with screw holes 60 is displaced from the retracted position toward the cover 56. In this case, it is preferable to displace the cylindrical member with screw holes 60 toward the cover 56 to a position where the size of the gap SP between the cylindrical member with screw holes 60 and the cover 56 is slightly larger than the thickness of the claw portion 78 of the brake release lever 72.

[0042] Next, the brake release lever 72 is inserted into the gap SP and the lever body 74 is biased toward the center of the sheave 21, thereby biasing the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole toward the movable unit 42, i.e., toward the main body 54. This causes the brake lever 44 (see Figure 2(a)) to rotate toward the rotating body 22 via the cylindrical member 60 with a screw hole, so that the braking force does not act on the rotating body 22 via the lining 43.

[0043] In the same procedure as described above for the braking mechanism 32, the braking state of the opposite braking mechanism 30 is released simultaneously with the braking mechanism 32, for example, for a few seconds, using a brake release lever 70 which has the same configuration as the brake release lever 72. This temporarily releases the braking state on the rotating body 22, allowing the elevator car 15 to be lowered to the desired landing. In this way, by using the brake release levers 70 and 72, the braking state of the braking mechanisms 30 and 32 can be released by a single maintenance worker.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is preferable to set the magnitude of the braking force acting on the rotating body 22 via the braking mechanisms 30 and 32 to a magnitude that allows the rotating body 22 to be stopped by the braking force of only one of the braking mechanisms 30 or 32. In this case, during maintenance and inspection, the braking state of the braking mechanism 30 can be temporarily released using the brake release lever 70 to perform inspection work on its operating state, and then the braking mechanism 30 can be returned to the braking state. After that, the braking state of the braking mechanism 32 can be temporarily released using the brake release lever 72 to perform inspection work. Therefore, the operating state of the braking mechanisms 30 and 32 can be individually inspected while maintaining the stopped state of the rotating body 22. This improves the workability of maintenance and inspection work.

[0045] In this embodiment, an example is given in which the hoisting machine 20 is equipped with two braking mechanisms 30 and 32, but it is not limited to this. For example, the hoisting machine 20 may be equipped with only one braking mechanism. In this case as well, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

[0046] The present invention can be implemented in various forms with improvements, modifications, or alterations based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, without departing from its spirit. Furthermore, the invention may be implemented in a form in which any of its defining features is replaced with other technologies, as long as the same function or effect is achieved. [Explanation of symbols]

[0047] 10 Elevators 11 Elevator 14 Main rope 15. 20. Hoisting machine (hoisting machine for elevators) 30,32 Braking mechanism 40 Adjustment bolts 42 Movable Units 43. Lining (sliding member) 44. Brake lever 45 Compression spring (biasing member) 46 Adjustment bolt 52 biasing units 53 Plunger 53A Rod 53B Washer 53C Compression Spring 54 Main unit (main body) 55 Electromagnetic part 56 Cover 56S Outer surface (main body side reference surface) 60. Cylindrical member with screw holes 60R Right end surface (measurement reference surface) 62 Cap section 62A,62B opening 62F Bottom 70, 72 Brake release lever SP gap P1 Braking position P2 non-braking position X,Y horizontal direction Z vertical direction

Claims

1. The rope that the main rope for the elevator is stretched across, A braking mechanism comprising: a movable unit including a sliding member that applies a braking force to the sheave and a biasing member that biases the sliding member in a direction that presses it against the sheave; and a biasing unit having a main body that houses a plunger provided with a rod that contacts a bolt attached to the movable unit, and when the main body is energized, the rod pushes the bolt against the biasing force of the biasing member, thereby displacing the movable unit to a position where the braking force does not act; Equipped with, The bolt is provided with a cylindrical member that is screwed onto the rod in a manner that allows it to be displaced in a direction that moves it closer to or further away from the rod. Elevator hoisting machine.

2. The cylindrical member is provided with an opening for visually confirming the position of the rod. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1.

3. The cylindrical member is provided with a measuring reference surface that is substantially parallel to the main body side reference surface provided on the main body when it is in contact with or close to the rod. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1.

4. The cylindrical member is configured to be biased away from the main body by a brake release lever inserted between the cylindrical member and the main body, thereby displacing the bolt to a position where the braking force does not act. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1.

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