Operation management device

Abstract

The present invention provides an operation management device that, in predetermined circumstances, ensures the convenience of a power generation system by operating it in a manner suitable for the requirements of the power generation system. [Solution] The operation management device is an operation management device that manages the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, and includes a processing unit that operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output to the power generation system is less than or equal to a first predetermined value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an operation management device.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a generator engine operation control device that controls the operation of a plurality of generator engines (for example, diesel engines). The plurality of generator engines are provided in a power generation system.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In recent years, from the perspective of carbon neutrality, a power generation system including an engine generator and a fuel cell generator has been desired. The engine generator and the fuel cell generator are the same in that they generate electricity using hydrogen gas as fuel. However, for example, the engine generator has higher maintenance efficiency and lower power generation efficiency than the fuel cell generator. Therefore, in a predetermined case, the requirements for the power generation system (prioritizing maintenance efficiency, prioritizing power generation efficiency, etc.) may be changed. When the above changes occur, if an operation management device that manages the operation of the power generation system cannot operate the power generation system in a manner suitable for the changed requirements, the power generation system becomes inconvenient.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an operation management device that can perform an operation of a power generation system suitable for requirements for the power generation system in a predetermined case and ensure the convenience of the power generation system.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] An operation management device according to one aspect of the present invention is an operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, and includes a processing unit that operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output to the power generation system is less than or equal to a first predetermined value.

[0007] Another aspect of the present invention relates to an operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, and includes a processing unit that operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output to the power generation system is equal to or greater than a second predetermined value. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the above configuration, in certain cases, the power generation system can be operated in a manner suitable for the requirements of the power generation system, thereby ensuring the convenience of the power generation system. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a schematic block diagram showing the general configuration of an operation management device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This flowchart shows the flow of operation management of the power generation system by the operation management device described above. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operating patterns of the above power generation system. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modified example of the above operating pattern. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating other variations of the above operating pattern. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modified example of the connection between the above-mentioned operation management device and the power generation operator's system. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0011] [1. Outline configuration of the operation control system] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the general configuration of an operation management device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The operation management device 1 is a computer device located near the power generation system 2 (specifically, within the site where the power generation system 2 is installed). However, the operation management device 1 is not limited to the above configuration and may be, for example, a server device that can communicate via a communication line such as the Internet.

[0012] The operation management device 1 comprises a processing unit 1a, a storage unit 1b, and a communication unit 1c. The processing unit 1a is, for example, a processor or a microprocessor. The storage unit 1b is a main memory device such as ROM (Read Only Memory) or RAM (Random Access Memory). The storage unit 1b may further include an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or SSD (Solid State Drive). Various programs and data are stored in the storage unit 1b. The processing unit 1a reads various programs from the storage unit 1b and performs arithmetic processing according to the programs. This allows, for example, the processing unit 1a to manage the operation of the power generation system 2 based on operation patterns. In other words, the operation management device 1 can manage the operation of the power generation system 2. The programs stored in the storage unit 1b may be provided, for example, on a computer-readable non-volatile recording medium. As another example, the programs may be provided from a program provision server via a communication line such as the Internet.

[0013] The communication unit 1c communicates with, for example, a power generation operator's communication terminal device PP1, an information server SV1 managed by a general power transmission and distribution operator, etc., via a communication line such as the Internet. The communication terminal device PP1 includes, for example, a personal computer, a smartphone, etc. More specifically, the connection between the communication unit 1c and the above communication line is made via a wireless router (not shown) provided outside the operation management device 1. In other words, communication between the communication unit 1c and the communication terminal device PP1 is performed wirelessly. Similarly, communication between the communication unit 1c and the information server SV1 is also performed wirelessly. Note that the communication between the communication unit 1c and the communication terminal device PP1 or the information server SV1 is not limited to the above configuration. For example, communication between the communication unit 1c and the communication terminal device PP1 or the information server SV1 may be performed via wired communication.

[0014] The power generation system 2 is connected to the commercial power grid 101. More specifically, the power generation system 2 comprises an engine generator 21 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of fuel cell cogeneration devices 22, and the engine generator 21 and each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 are connected to the commercial power grid 101. In this embodiment, there is one engine generator 21, but it is not limited to one, and there may be multiple (two or more) engine generators. Similarly, there are two fuel cell cogeneration devices 22, but it is not limited to two, and there may be one, three or more, or more.

[0015] The commercial power grid 101 includes a commercial power source 101a and supplies commercial power generated by the commercial power source 101a. The load 102 is connected to the commercial power grid 101. The load 102 includes, for example, household electrical appliances, industrial (industrial, facility) electrical appliances, etc. Specifically, motors, pumps, etc. installed in such appliances consume power. Therefore, the power demand (power consumption) of the load 102 is covered by the power generated by the power generation system 2 and the commercial power supplied from the commercial power grid 101.

[0016] The engine generator 21 has a hydrogen engine 21a and a generator 21b connected to the hydrogen engine 21a. The hydrogen engine 21a injects hydrogen gas into the intake air to generate an air-fuel mixture, compresses this air-fuel mixture, ignites the compressed air-fuel mixture to burn the hydrogen gas, and obtains power thereby. That is, the hydrogen engine 21a of the present embodiment is a hydrogen gas dedicated combustion engine. The power output from the hydrogen engine 21a is transmitted to the generator 21b. By this power, the generator 21b generates electricity. The electricity generated by the generator 21b is supplied to the load 102.

[0017] Note that the configuration of the hydrogen engine 21a is not limited to the above. For example, it may be a hydrogen gas mixed combustion engine in which a liquid fuel such as light oil and hydrogen gas are used as fuels. When the hydrogen engine 21a is the above hydrogen gas mixed combustion engine, for example, the hydrogen engine 21a injects hydrogen gas into the intake air to generate an air-fuel mixture, compresses this air-fuel mixture, and injects a liquid fuel into the air-fuel mixture that has become high temperature to burn the hydrogen gas and obtain power.

[0018] Also, the hydrogen engine 21a generates heat when obtaining power. More specifically, the hydrogen engine 21a increases the amount of heat generated as the output power increases. Therefore, the heat (waste heat) generated in the hydrogen engine 21a may be recovered inside the engine generator 21 and effectively utilized for, for example, hot water supply, heating, etc. That is, the engine generator 21 may include a hydrogen engine cogeneration device capable of recovering the waste heat of the hydrogen engine 21a.

[0019] The engine generator 21 further has a control device 21c. The control device 21c is composed of a computer device and controls each part of the engine generator 21 (including the hydrogen engine 21a and the generator 21b). Also, the control device 21c is communicably connected to the operation management device 1. For example, the control device 21c controls the hydrogen engine 21a and the generator 21b based on an operation instruction output from the operation management device 1.

[0020] Note that the engine generator 21 may have an engine other than the hydrogen engine 21a instead of (or in addition to) the hydrogen engine 21a. For example, the engine generator 21 may have a gas engine in which a gaseous fuel other than hydrogen gas (such as natural gas) is used as fuel instead of the hydrogen engine 21a, or may have a diesel engine or a gasoline engine.

[0021] The fuel cell cogeneration device 22 is an example of the fuel cell generator FCG. That is, the fuel cell generator FCG includes the fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Therefore, the power generation system 2 includes a plurality of fuel cell generators FCG (the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 in this embodiment).

[0022] In this embodiment, a case where the fuel cell generator FCG is set as "one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG", and the engine generator 21 is set as "the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG" will be described. However, it is not limited to this. For example, the engine generator 21 may be set as "one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG", and the fuel cell generator FCG may be set as "the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG".

[0023] Each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 has a fuel cell 22a. The fuel cell 22a (also called a fuel cell stack) generates electricity using hydrogen gas supplied from outside the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 and an oxidant gas. In this embodiment, air is used as the oxidant gas. However, the oxidant gas is not limited to air and may be any gas containing oxygen.

[0024] The fuel cell 22a is composed of multiple stacked cells. Each cell includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a pair of separators. The anode electrode and the cathode electrode are separated by the solid polymer electrolyte membrane. The anode electrode is the negative electrode (fuel electrode) and includes an anode catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer. The cathode electrode is the positive electrode (air electrode) and includes a cathode catalyst layer and a diffusion layer. The anode electrode, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the cathode electrode constitute a membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The pair of separators sandwich the membrane electrode assembly. Each separator has multiple grooves. Each groove in one separator forms a hydrogen gas channel. Each groove in the other separator forms an air channel.

[0025] At the anode, hydrogen is decomposed into hydrogen ions and electrons by a catalyst. The hydrogen ions move to the cathode through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane. Meanwhile, the electrons move to the cathode through an external circuit. This generates an electric current (electricity). At the cathode, oxygen in the air combines with the electrons that have flowed through the external circuit and the hydrogen ions that have permeated the solid polymer electrolyte membrane to produce water. The produced water is included in the exhaust and discharged outside the fuel cell cogeneration device 22. The electricity generated by the fuel cell 22a is supplied to the load 102 via a boost converter and an inverter (neither shown) installed inside the fuel cell cogeneration device 22.

[0026] The fuel cell 22a generates heat during power generation. More specifically, the amount of heat generated by the fuel cell 22a increases as the amount of electricity generated increases. The heat (waste heat) generated during power generation by the fuel cell 22a is recovered inside the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 and effectively utilized for purposes such as hot water supply and heating. In other words, the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 can recover the waste heat generated by the fuel cell 22a.

[0027] From the perspective of improving overall efficiency by utilizing the waste heat generated by the fuel cell 22a, it is desirable that the fuel cell generator FCG, as in this embodiment, includes a fuel cell cogeneration device 22 that recovers the waste heat generated by the fuel cell 22a.

[0028] The power generation system 2 further includes an integrated controller 23. The integrated controller 23 is a computer device that controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration unit 22. The integrated controller 23 is also communicatively connected to the operation management device 1 and each fuel cell cogeneration unit 22. For example, the integrated controller 23 controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration unit 22 based on operation instructions output from the operation management device 1. The integrated controller 23 is located near each fuel cell cogeneration unit 22 or near the operation management device 1.

[0029] The operation plan (power generation plan) for power generation system 2 is prepared by the power generation operator of power generation system 2 and input to the operation management device 1 via the power generation operator's communication terminal device PP1. Specifically, the power generation operator (specifically, the operator of the power generation operator) operates the communication terminal device PP1 to input the operation plan for power generation system 2. This input operation plan for power generation system 2 is output from the communication terminal device PP1 to the operation management device 1. In this embodiment, the operation plan for power generation system 2 refers to the request output 2a (see Figure 3, etc.) for power generation system 2 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 30 minutes). The operation plan for power generation system 2 is also input to the power generation operator system PP2 by the power generation operator (specifically, the operator of the power generation operator).

[0030] The power generation operator system PP2 consists of server equipment that can communicate via a communication line such as the Internet. The power generation operator system PP2 is managed by the power generation operator. The power generation operator system PP2 is connected to the integrated server SV2 (via a communication line) in a communication manner. The integrated server SV2 is also connected to the information server SV1 (via a communication line) in a communication manner. Alternatively, the power generation operator system PP2 may also be connected to the information server SV1 (via a communication line) in a communication manner.

[0031] Information server SV1 consists of server equipment that can communicate via communication lines such as the internet. As mentioned above, information server SV1 is managed by a general power transmission and distribution company. Integrated server SV2 consists of server equipment that can communicate via communication lines such as the internet. Integrated server SV2 is managed by the Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators.

[0032] The operation plan for power generation system 2 (for example, the operation plan for the next day) entered into the power generation operator system PP2 is output to the integrated server SV2. In addition to the operation plan for power generation system 2, the integrated server SV2 also receives the operation plans for each power generation means (power plant, power generation system, power generation equipment, etc.) from the power generation operator who manages each power generation means. The integrated server SV2 compiles these operation plans and outputs them to the information server SV1. Based on the information about the operation plans output from the integrated server SV2, the information server SV1 determines whether or not it is necessary to suppress the operation (power generation) of each power generation means. If the information server SV1 determines that it is necessary to suppress the operation, it outputs a suppression instruction. For example, if the information server SV1 determines that it is necessary to suppress the operation of power generation system 2, the information server SV1 outputs a suppression instruction to the operation management device 1.

[0033] The operation management device 1 manages the operation of the power generation system 2 based on the operation plan of the power generation system 2 input via the communication terminal device PP1 and (if a suppression instruction is output from the information server SV1) the suppression instruction output from the information server SV1. In this embodiment, suppression of the operation of the power generation system 2 is not required, and no suppression instruction is output from the information server SV1 to the operation management device 1. However, this assumption is used merely for explanatory purposes and is not intended to limit the actual necessity of suppressing operation. The operation management of the power generation system 2 by the operation management device 1 will be described below.

[0034] [2. Operation management of the power generation system using an operation management device] Figure 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of operation management of the power generation system 2 by the operation management device 1.

[0035] In step S1, the processing unit 1a (see Figure 1) acquires the operation plan for the power generation system 2. In this embodiment, the acquisition is achieved by the power generation operator (specifically, the operator of the power generation company) operating the communication terminal device PP1 to input the operation plan for the power generation system 2, as described above. Once the operation plan for the power generation system 2 is acquired, the process proceeds to the next step S2.

[0036] In step S2, the processing unit 1a sets an operation instruction for the power generation system 2. In this embodiment, the above setting is performed based on a pre-set operation pattern. Once the operation instruction for the power generation system 2 is set, the process proceeds to the next step S3.

[0037] In step S3, the processing unit 1a outputs an operation instruction to the power generation system 2. Based on this operation instruction, the power generation system 2 is operated. The operation patterns used to set the operation instruction to the power generation system 2 will be explained below with reference to Figure 3. Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation patterns. Figure 3 illustrates the allocation of the set output (power generation output) in the power generation system 2 to the requested output 2a to the power generation system 2. In detail, the set output allocated to one fuel cell cogeneration device 22 for the requested output 2a is shown in the area of ​​vertical lines. The set output allocated to the other fuel cell cogeneration device 22 for the requested output 2a is shown in the area of ​​horizontal lines. Furthermore, the set output allocated to the engine generator 21 for the requested output 2a is shown in the area of ​​shaded lines.

[0038] If the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1, the processing unit 1a (see Figure 1) outputs an operation instruction for the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23 (see Figure 1) and an operation instruction for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c (see Figure 1). In detail, the operation instruction for the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 output from the processing unit 1a to the integrated controller 23 is an instruction to operate each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 so that the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 is the same. Specifically, the processing unit 1a sets the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to a value obtained by dividing the requested output 2a by the number of fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 (2 in this embodiment). In other words, the processing unit 1a sets the output of each fuel cell generator FCG (fuel cell cogeneration device 22 in this embodiment) to be uniform.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first predetermined value X1 is set to the same value as the sum of the rated outputs of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 and is stored in the storage unit 1b (see Figure 1). However, the setting of the first predetermined value X1 is not limited to the above.

[0040] If the outputs of multiple fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 are set uniformly, the progression of degradation in the multiple fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 will not vary. This avoids the dispersion of maintenance work timing in the multiple fuel cell cogeneration devices 22, and thus avoids a decrease in the efficiency of maintenance work. From this perspective, in a configuration where the power generation system 2 is equipped with multiple fuel cell generators FCG (fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 in this embodiment), as in this embodiment, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of each fuel cell generator FCG uniformly.

[0041] Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the integrated controller 23 controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. This enables the operation (power generation) of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Also, based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c stops the operation of the engine generator 21. This stops the operation (power generation) of the engine generator 21. In other words, the processing unit 1a operates either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (fuel cell cogeneration device 22 in this embodiment) (fuel cell generator FCG in this embodiment) when the requested output 2a is less than or equal to a first predetermined value X1.

[0042] If the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2, the processing unit 1a outputs a stop command for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and a stop command for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23.

[0043] In this embodiment, the second predetermined value X2 is set to the same value as the lower limit output of the engine generator 21 and stored in the storage unit 1b. That is, the engine generator 21 cannot be operated below the second predetermined value X2. However, the setting of the second predetermined value X2 is not limited to the above. In this embodiment, the lower limit output of the engine generator 21 is greater than the sum of the rated outputs of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. For this reason, the second predetermined value X2 is greater than the first predetermined value X1.

[0044] Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c stops the operation of the engine generator 21, and the integrated controller 23 stops the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. As a result, both the operation of the engine generator 21 and the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 are stopped. In other words, the processing unit 1a stops the operation of the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2.

[0045] If the power generation system 2 is connected to the commercial power grid 101 (see Figure 1), even if it is difficult to meet the power demand of the load 102 (see Figure 1) with only the power generated by the power generation system 2, the power demand of the load 102 will be met by the commercial power of the commercial power grid 101. In this embodiment, as described above, the engine generator 21 cannot operate below the second predetermined value X2, and the first predetermined value X1 is set to the same value as the sum of the rated outputs of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Therefore, if the required output 2a is between the first predetermined value X1 and the second predetermined value X2, it is difficult to meet the power demand of the load 102 with only the power generated by the power generation system 2. Also, if the operation of the power generation system 2 is stopped, the deterioration of the power generation system 2 will be less likely to progress. In other words, from the viewpoint of reliably meeting the power demand of the load 102 while suppressing the deterioration of the power generation system 2, the following configuration is desirable. In other words, as in this embodiment, the power generation system 2 is connected to the commercial power grid 101, and it is desirable that the processing unit 1a stops the operation of the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2.

[0046] However, the configuration is not limited to the processing unit 1a stopping the operation of the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2. For example, the processing unit 1a may operate the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2. In this way, a portion of the power demand of the load 102 is supplied by the output of the power generation system 2.

[0047] If the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value X2, the processing unit 1a outputs an operation instruction for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and an operation instruction for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23. Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c controls the operation of the engine generator 21. This causes the engine generator 21 to operate (generate power). In other words, when the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value X2, the processing unit 1a operates the other of the fuel cell generator FCG (fuel cell cogeneration device 22 in this embodiment), which is the engine generator 21.

[0048] Furthermore, similar to the case where the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1, the integrated controller 23 controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, thereby operating each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. That is, when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2, the processing unit 1a operates either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (fuel cell cogeneration device 22 in this embodiment) (fuel cell generator FCG in this embodiment).

[0049] With the above configuration, in predetermined cases such as when the requested output 2a is less than or equal to a first predetermined value X1, or greater than or equal to a second predetermined value X2, it is possible to operate either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG). The fuel cell generator FCG has higher power generation efficiency and lower maintenance efficiency (shorter maintenance interval) compared to the engine generator 21. Therefore, it is possible to realize an operation of the power generation system 2 that is suitable when the requirement for the power generation system 2 is power generation efficiency rather than maintenance efficiency. On the other hand, if one of the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG is the engine generator 21, it is possible to operate the engine generator 21. In this case, it is possible to realize an operation of the power generation system 2 that is suitable when the requirement for the power generation system 2 is maintenance efficiency rather than power generation efficiency.

[0050] Therefore, regardless of whether maintenance efficiency or power generation efficiency is required for the power generation system 2, it is possible to realize operation of the power generation system 2 that is suitable for the requirements of the power generation system 2. In other words, even if the requirements for the power generation system 2 change, inconvenience of the power generation system 2 is avoided, and the convenience of the power generation system 2 can be ensured. As described above, in a given case, it is possible to operate the power generation system 2 in a way that is suitable for the requirements of the power generation system 2, thereby ensuring the convenience of the power generation system 2.

[0051] If the operation of the power generation system 2 is biased towards either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell cogeneration device 22, the rate of deterioration of the engine generator 21 and the rate of deterioration of the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 will tend to vary. When this variation occurs, maintenance work on the engine generator 21 and maintenance work on the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 will have to be performed separately, which will reduce the efficiency of maintenance work in the power generation system 2.

[0052] Therefore, it is desirable to avoid the operation of the power generation system 2 being biased towards either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Specifically, it is desirable to use the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell cogeneration device 22 differently depending on whether the requested output 2a is relatively large, for example, when the requested output 2a is relatively small or when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2. From this viewpoint, as in this embodiment, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to operate the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (the engine generator 21 in this embodiment) when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2.

[0053] Even when the requested output 2a is relatively large, the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of operating the power generation system 2 in a manner suitable for the requirements of the power generation system 2. That is, as in this embodiment, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to operate one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) when the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value X2.

[0054] In the case where the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2, the instructions set by the processing unit 1a are as follows in more detail. Specifically, when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2, and the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the third predetermined value X3, the processing unit 1a sets the output of the engine generator 21 to the second predetermined value X2. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to a value obtained by dividing the difference between the requested output 2a and the second predetermined value X2 by the number of fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 (two in this embodiment).

[0055] In this embodiment, the third predetermined value X3 is set to the sum of the first predetermined value X1 and the second predetermined value X2, and is stored in the storage unit 1b. That is, the third predetermined value X3 is greater than the second predetermined value X2. However, the setting of the third predetermined value X3 is not limited to the above.

[0056] Therefore, in this case, the processing unit 1a sets the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the engine generator 21) to a second predetermined value X2. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) to the difference between the requested output 2a and the second predetermined value X2.

[0057] When the requested output 2a is greater than the third predetermined value X3, the processing unit 1a sets the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the first predetermined value X1. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of the engine generator 21 to the difference between the requested output 2a and the first predetermined value X1. In other words, when the requested output 2a is greater than the third predetermined value X3, the processing unit 1a sets the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) to the first predetermined value X1. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the engine generator 21) to the difference between the requested output 2a and the first predetermined value X1.

[0058] As described above, the first predetermined value X1 is set to the same value as the sum of the rated outputs of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Therefore, the sum of the outputs of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 is less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1. Also, the second predetermined value X2 is set to the same value as the lower limit output of the engine generator 21. Therefore, the output of the engine generator 21 is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2. In other words, the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) is limited to less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1. Also, the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the engine generator 21) is limited to greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2.

[0059] Even with this configuration, the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of prioritizing the operation of either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG while supplying the requested output 2a of 2 or more X2 with the output of the power generation system 2. That is, as in this embodiment, when the requested output 2a is 2 or more X2 and 3 or less X3 (the sum of the first predetermined value X1 and the second predetermined value X2), it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to make the following settings. That is, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the engine generator 21) to 2 predetermined value X2. It is also desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) to the difference between the requested output 2a and 2 predetermined value X2.

[0060] Furthermore, if the requested output 2a is greater than the third predetermined value X3, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to make the following settings. Specifically, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG) to the first predetermined value X1. It is also desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the engine generator 21) to the difference between the requested output 2a and the first predetermined value X1.

[0061] [3. Variations of driving patterns] A modified version of the operating pattern will be explained based on Figure 4. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modified version of the operating pattern. Figure 4 illustrates the allocation of the set output (power generation output) in the power generation system 2 to the requested output 2a in the modified version. The allocation of the set output in the power generation system 2 shown in Figure 4 is the same as the allocation of the set output in the power generation system 2 shown in Figure 3, except that the allocation differs when the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value X2. Therefore, the following explanation will focus on these differences, and the explanation of the same points will be omitted. Also, elements that are the same as in Figure 3 will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0062] If the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2 and less than the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a outputs an operation command for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and an operation command for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23.

[0063] In this embodiment, the fourth predetermined value X4 is set to the same value as the rated output of the engine generator 21 and stored in the storage unit 1b. However, the setting of the fourth predetermined value X4 is not limited to the above. As mentioned above, the second predetermined value X2 is set to the same value as the lower limit output of the engine generator 21. Therefore, the fourth predetermined value X4 is greater than the second predetermined value X2.

[0064] Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c controls the operation of the engine generator 21, thereby operating the engine generator 21. Also, based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the integrated controller 23 stops the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22.

[0065] When the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a outputs an operation instruction for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and an operation instruction for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23. Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c controls the operation of the engine generator 21, thereby operating the engine generator 21. Also, based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the integrated controller 23 controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22, thereby operating each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Therefore, when the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a operates either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (in this embodiment, the fuel cell generator FCG).

[0066] As described above, the fourth predetermined value X4 is set to the same value as the rated output of the engine generator 21. Therefore, the output of the engine generator 21 will be less than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4. In other words, the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in the modified example, the engine generator 21) is limited to less than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4. Even with this configuration, from the viewpoint of supplying the required output 2a of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more with the output of the power generation system 2, the following configuration is desirable. That is, as in the modified example, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to operate one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in the modified example, the fuel cell generator FCG) when the required output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4.

[0067] When the requested output 2a is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value X4, the instructions set by the processing unit 1a are as follows: The processing unit 1a sets the output of the engine generator 21 to decrease as the requested output 2a increases. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to increase as the requested output 2a increases.

[0068] Therefore, when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a increases the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this modified example, the fuel cell generator FCG) as the requested output 2a increases. Also, when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a decreases the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this modified example, the engine generator 21) as the requested output 2a increases.

[0069] As described above, the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in the modified example, the engine generator 21) is limited to a fourth predetermined value X4 or less. Even with this configuration, the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of prioritizing the operation of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG while supplying the required output 2a of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more with the output of the power generation system 2. That is, as in the modified example, when the required output 2a is the fourth predetermined value X4 or more, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to increase the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in the modified example, the fuel cell generator FCG) as the required output 2a increases. Also, when the required output 2a is the fourth predetermined value X4 or more, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to decrease the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in the modified example, the engine generator 21) as the required output 2a increases.

[0070] Other variations of the operating pattern will be explained based on Figure 5. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating other variations of the operating pattern. Figure 5 illustrates the allocation of the set output (power generation output) in the power generation system 2 to the requested output 2a in the power generation system 2 in other variations. The allocation of the set output in the power generation system 2 shown in Figure 5 is the same as the allocation of the set output in the power generation system 2 shown in Figure 4, except that the allocation differs when the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1 and when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4. In other words, especially when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value X2, the processing unit 1a operates either the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (in other variations, the fuel cell generator FCG). Therefore, the following explanation will focus on these differences, and the same points will be omitted. Also, elements that are the same as those in Figure 3 or Figure 4 will be denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0071] If the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the first predetermined value X1, the processing unit 1a outputs a stop command for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and a stop command for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23. Based on the operation command output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c stops the operation of the engine generator 21, and the integrated controller 23 stops the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. As a result, both the operation of the engine generator 21 and the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 are stopped.

[0072] Furthermore, in other modified configurations, the processing unit 1a stops both the operation of the engine generator 21 and the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 when the requested output 2a is between a first predetermined value X1 and a second predetermined value X2. In other words, in other modified configurations, the processing unit 1a stops the operation of the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the second predetermined value X2.

[0073] In a configuration where the power generation system 2 is connected to the commercial power grid 101 (see Figure 1), the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of reliably supplying the power demand of the load 102 (see Figure 1) while suppressing the deterioration of the power generation system 2. That is, as in other modified examples, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to stop the operation of the power generation system 2 when the requested output 2a is less than or equal to the second predetermined value X2.

[0074] When the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a outputs an operation instruction for the engine generator 21 to the control device 21c and an operation instruction for each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to the integrated controller 23. Based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the control device 21c controls the operation of the engine generator 21, thereby operating the engine generator 21. Also, based on the operation instructions output from the processing unit 1a, the integrated controller 23 controls the operation of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22, thereby operating each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. In other words, the processing unit 1a operates the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in other modifications, the engine generator 21) when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, which is greater than the second predetermined value X2. Also, the processing unit 1a operates the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in other modifications, the fuel cell generator FCG) when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4.

[0075] In a configuration where one of the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG is operated when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value X2, the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of reliably supplying a relatively large requested output 2a with the output of the power generation system 2. That is, as in other modifications, it is desirable that the processing unit 1a operates the other of the engine generator 21 or the fuel cell generator FCG (the engine generator 21 in other modifications) when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value X4, which is greater than the second predetermined value X2.

[0076] Even in a configuration where the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this modified example, the engine generator 21) is limited to a fourth predetermined value X4 or less, it is desirable that the output of the power generation system 2 can cover the required output 2a of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more. From this viewpoint, as in other modified examples, it is desirable that the processing unit 1a operates one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in this modified example, the fuel cell generator FCG) when the required output 2a is of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more.

[0077] When the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, the instructions set by the processing unit 1a are as follows in more detail. Specifically, when the requested output 2a is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value X4, the processing unit 1a sets the output of the engine generator 21 to the fourth predetermined value X4. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22 to a value obtained by dividing the difference between the requested output 2a and the fourth predetermined value X4 by the number of fuel cell cogeneration devices 22 (two in this embodiment).

[0078] Therefore, in this case, the processing unit 1a sets the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in other modifications, the engine generator 21) to the fourth predetermined value X4. The processing unit 1a also sets the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG (in other modifications, the fuel cell generator FCG) to the difference between the requested output 2a and the fourth predetermined value X4.

[0079] Even in a configuration where the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG is limited to a fourth predetermined value X4 or less, the following configuration is desirable from the viewpoint of reliably realizing a configuration in which the output of the power generation system 2 can supply the requested output 2a of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more. That is, when the requested output 2a is of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of the other of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG to the fourth predetermined value X4. Also, when the requested output 2a is of the fourth predetermined value X4 or more, it is desirable for the processing unit 1a to set the output of one of the engine generator 21 and the fuel cell generator FCG to the difference between the requested output 2a and the fourth predetermined value X4.

[0080] [4. Supplement] In this embodiment, a configuration was described in which the operation plan of the power generation system 2 is input to the operation management device 1 by the power generation company (specifically, the operator of the power generation company) via the power generation company's communication terminal device PP1 (see Figure 1), but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the operation plan of the power generation system 2 may be input to the operation management device 1 by the power generation company system PP2. More details are as follows. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a modified connection between the operation management device 1 and the power generation company system PP2. The block diagram shown in Figure 6 is the same as the block diagram shown in Figure 1, except that the communication terminal device PP1 is removed and the operation management device 1 and the power generation company system PP2 are directly connected in a way that allows communication. Note that communication between the operation management device 1 and the power generation company system PP2 may be performed by, for example, Modbus communication, BACnet communication, etc.

[0081] In this configuration, the acquisition of the power generation system 2 operation plan in the processing unit 1a, as shown in step S1 of Figure 2, is achieved by outputting the power generation system 2 operation plan from the power generation operator system PP2 to the operation management device 1. This eliminates the need to operate the communication terminal device PP1, thereby improving the work efficiency of the power generation operator.

[0082] In this embodiment, a cogeneration system with a waste heat recovery (utilization) function was used as an example of a fuel cell generator (FCG), but the fuel cell generator (FCG) is not limited to a cogeneration system. For example, the fuel cell generator (FCG) may be a monogeneration system that simply has a power generation function and lacks the waste heat recovery function.

[0083] In this embodiment, the operating pattern of the power generation system 2 is described based on the power generation efficiency of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the operating pattern of the power generation system 2 may be based on the overall efficiency including the effect of waste heat recovery of each fuel cell cogeneration device 22. Also, if the power generation system 2 is configured to include a hydrogen engine cogeneration device, the operating pattern of the power generation system 2 may be based on the overall efficiency including the effect of waste heat recovery of the hydrogen engine cogeneration device.

[0084] [5. Addendum] The operation management device 1 described in this embodiment can also be described as the operation management device shown in the following appendix.

[0085] The operation management device in Appendix (1) is An operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, The system includes a processing unit that operates either the engine generator or the fuel cell generator when the requested output for the power generation system is less than or equal to a first predetermined value.

[0086] The operation management device in Appendix (2) is the operation management device described in Appendix (1), The processing unit operates the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value which is greater than the first predetermined value.

[0087] The operation management device in Appendix (3) is the operation management device described in Appendix (2), The processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value.

[0088] The operation management device in Appendix (4) is the operation management device described in Appendix (3), The processing unit, when the requested output is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value and less than or equal to a third predetermined value that is greater than the second predetermined value, The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the second predetermined value. The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and the second predetermined value.

[0089] The operation management device in Appendix (5) is the operation management device described in Appendix (4), When the requested output is greater than the third predetermined value, the processing unit The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the first predetermined value. The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and the first predetermined value.

[0090] The operation management device in Appendix (6) is the operation management device described in any of Appendix (2) to (5), The aforementioned power generation system is connected to the commercial power grid. The processing unit stops the operation of the power generation system when the requested output is between the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value.

[0091] The operation management device in Appendix (7) is An operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, The system includes a processing unit that operates either the engine generator or the fuel cell generator when the requested output for the power generation system is equal to or greater than a second predetermined value.

[0092] The operation management device in Appendix (8) is the operation management device described in Appendix (7), The aforementioned power generation system is connected to the commercial power grid. The processing unit stops the operation of the power generation system if the requested output is less than or equal to the second predetermined value.

[0093] The operation control device in Appendix (9) is the operation control device described in Appendix (7) or (8), The processing unit operates the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value which is greater than the second predetermined value.

[0094] The operation management device in Appendix (10) is the operation management device described in Appendix (9), The processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value.

[0095] The operation management device in Appendix (11) is the operation management device described in Appendix (2), The processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value which is greater than the second predetermined value.

[0096] The operation management device in Appendix (12) is the operation management device described in Appendix (10) or (11), The processing unit, when the requested output is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value, The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the fourth predetermined value. The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and the fourth predetermined value.

[0097] The operation control device in Appendix (13) is the operation control device described in Appendix (10) or (11), When the request output is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value, the processing unit shall, as the request output increases, The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is increased. The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is reduced.

[0098] The operation management device in Appendix (14) is an operation management device described in any of Appendix (1) to (13), The fuel cell generator includes a fuel cell cogeneration system capable of recovering waste heat generated during power generation.

[0099] The operation management device in Appendix (15) is an operation management device described in any of Appendix (1) to (14), The power generation system comprises a plurality of fuel cell generators, The processing unit sets the output of each fuel cell generator to be uniform.

[0100] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto and can be expanded or modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the multiple embodiments and modifications shown herein may be combined as possible. [Industrial applicability]

[0101] This invention can be used, for example, in operation management devices for power generation systems used in industrial, residential, and other applications. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0102] 1. Operation control device 1a Processing Unit 2. Power generation system 2a Request output 21 Engine Generator 22 Fuel cell cogeneration system 101 Commercial power system FCG Fuel Cell Generator X1 1st predetermined value X2 Second predetermined value X3 Third predetermined value X4 4th predetermined value

Claims

1. An operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, An operation management device comprising a processing unit that operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output to the power generation system is less than or equal to a first predetermined value.

2. The operation management device according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit operates the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value which is greater than the first predetermined value.

3. The operation management device according to claim 2, wherein the processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value.

4. The processing unit, when the requested output is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value and less than or equal to a third predetermined value that is greater than the second predetermined value, The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the second predetermined value. The operation management device according to claim 3, wherein the output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and the second predetermined value.

5. When the requested output is greater than the third predetermined value, the processing unit The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the first predetermined value. The operation management device according to claim 4, wherein the output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and a first predetermined value.

6. The aforementioned power generation system is connected to the commercial power grid. The operation management device according to claim 2, wherein the processing unit stops the operation of the power generation system when the requested output is between a first predetermined value and a second predetermined value.

7. An operation management device for managing the operation of a power generation system comprising an engine generator and a fuel cell generator, An operation management device comprising a processing unit that operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output for the power generation system is equal to or greater than a second predetermined value.

8. The aforementioned power generation system is connected to the commercial power grid. The operation management device according to claim 7, wherein the processing unit stops the operation of the power generation system when the requested output is less than or equal to the second predetermined value.

9. The operation management device according to claim 7, wherein the processing unit operates the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value which is greater than the second predetermined value.

10. The operation management device according to claim 9, wherein the processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value.

11. The operation management device according to claim 2, wherein the processing unit operates one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator when the requested output is greater than or equal to a fourth predetermined value which is greater than the second predetermined value.

12. The processing unit, when the requested output is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined value, The output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the fourth predetermined value. The operation management device according to claim 10, wherein the output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is set to the difference between the requested output and the fourth predetermined value.

13. When the request output is greater than or equal to the fourth predetermined value, the processing unit shall, as the request output increases, The output of one of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator is increased. The operation management device according to claim 10, which reduces the output of the other of the engine generator and the fuel cell generator.

14. The operation management device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell generator includes a fuel cell cogeneration device capable of recovering waste heat associated with power generation.

15. The power generation system comprises a plurality of fuel cell generators, The operation management device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the processing unit sets the output of each fuel cell generator to be uniform.

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