Concrete blocks, concrete block structures, and methods for joining concrete blocks

Abstract

The present invention provides concrete blocks and a method for joining concrete blocks that allow for the replacement of parts of multiple concrete blocks used to construct a structure of a predetermined shape. [Solution] The concrete block 10 comprises a rectangular parallelepiped concrete block body 11 that constitutes the structure, and joint portions 20a and 20b that are integrally attached to the side surface of the concrete block body 11 so as to protrude toward the joining direction. The joint portions 20a and 20b are detachably attached via a joining member to at least a portion of the joint portions of concrete blocks arranged in the protruding direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a concrete block used for constructing a structure of a predetermined shape, a concrete block structure, and a method for joining concrete blocks.

Background Art

[0002] As a concrete block used for constructing a wall surface, there is one shown in Patent Document 1.

[0003] FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing an intermediate step of the wall surface structure shown in Patent Document 1.

[0004] Referring to FIG. 14, the concrete block 100 has a butterfly shape in which the vertical width becomes shorter from both horizontal ends toward the central portion in a front view. The concrete block 100 includes a front portion 101, a back portion 102 disposed at a position facing the front portion 101, an upper surface portion 103 connecting the upper ends of the front portion 101 and the back portion 102, a lower surface portion 104 disposed at a position facing the upper surface portion 103 and connecting the lower ends of the front portion 101 and the back portion 102, a first side surface portion 105 connecting one side surfaces of the front portion 101 and the back portion 102, and a second side surface portion 106 disposed at a position facing the first side surface portion 105 and connecting the other side surfaces of the front portion 101 and the back portion 102. The concrete block 100 is formed with a through hole 107 that penetrates the upper surface portion 103 and the lower surface portion 104 and through which a reinforcing bar 110 is inserted in an installed state. Further, the concrete block 100 is formed with a guide portion 108 that reaches the first side surface portion 105 from the through hole 107.

[0005] When constructing the wall structure, the concrete block 100 is moved horizontally so that the pre-installed reinforcing bars 110 pass through the guide portion 108 of the concrete block 100 and reach the through hole 107. Once the reinforcing bars 110 reach the through hole 107, the concrete block 100 is rotated 90 degrees and installed with the front portion 101 facing forward. After stacking multiple concrete blocks in the same procedure, the through hole 107 and the guide portion 108 are filled with a filler material such as mortar. In addition, the top portion 103, bottom portion 104, first side portion 105, and second side portion 106 of the concrete block 100 are coated with adhesive and bonded together.

[0006] In wall structures using such concrete blocks, the butterfly-shaped concrete blocks interlock on their top and bottom surfaces, allowing them to withstand horizontal forces without the need for horizontal reinforcement bars. Therefore, construction efficiency is improved as horizontal reinforcement bars become unnecessary. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2015-227538 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] However, with conventional concrete blocks as described above, reinforcing bars are inserted through the concrete blocks and filled with a filler material to create a single unit. Therefore, if damage or deterioration occurs to a part of the wall structure, it becomes necessary to demolish multiple concrete blocks through which the reinforcing bars have penetrated. In other words, extensive repair work is required, including on concrete blocks that are not damaged or deteriorated, resulting in the problem of generating a large amount of waste.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a concrete block, a concrete block structure, and a method for joining concrete blocks, which allow for the replacement of a portion of multiple concrete blocks used to construct a structure of a predetermined shape. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The premise of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a concrete block for constructing a structure of a predetermined shape by sequentially joining the blocks.

[0011] The concrete block of the present invention, as described above, is characterized by comprising a concrete block body constituting a structure and a joint portion integrally attached to at least a part of the joining end of the concrete block body so as to protrude toward the joining direction, wherein the joint portion is detachably attached to at least a part of the joined portions arranged in the protruding direction.

[0012] As an example of the concrete block of the present invention, the joint portion includes a joining member that can be detachably attached to at least a part of the joint portion and can join the joint portion and the part to be joined, and the joint portion and the joining member have flat surfaces at least a part of them, and are fixed so that the flat surfaces abut each other.

[0013] Another example of the concrete block of the present invention is one in which the joint is embedded in the concrete block body, at least in part.

[0014] Another example of the concrete block of the present invention is a concrete block body having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, in which joints are provided at both ends in the horizontal direction and both ends in the height direction of the concrete block body when viewed from the front.

[0015] The premise of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a concrete block structure in which a structure of a predetermined shape is formed by joining a plurality of concrete blocks.

[0016] The concrete block structure of the present invention, as described above, is characterized in that each concrete block comprises a concrete block body constituting the structure, and a joint portion integrally attached to at least a part of the joint-side end of the concrete block body so as to protrude toward the joint direction, and further comprises a joint member that is detachably attached to each joint portion of adjacent concrete block bodies and capable of integrally connecting the joint portions.

[0017] The premise of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a method for joining concrete blocks to construct a structure of a predetermined shape.

[0018] The features of the concrete block joining method of the present invention, as described above, are that the concrete block comprises a concrete block body constituting a structure, a joining portion integrally attached to at least a part of the joining-side end of the concrete block body so as to protrude toward the joining direction, and a joining member detachably attached to at least a part of the joining portion and capable of joining the joining portion and an adjacent joined portion, and comprises a first step of installing a first concrete block, a second step of installing a second concrete block in a position adjacent to the first concrete block, and a third step of joining the first concrete block and the second concrete block, the second step of arranging the joining portion of the first concrete block and the joined portion of the second concrete block in opposing positions, and the third step of attaching the joining member to the joining portion and the joined portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the present invention, since the concrete block body is attached to the part to be joined via a joint, the concrete block can be partially replaced. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0020] [Figure 1] A front view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the first embodiment of this invention. [Figure 2] Plan view of the concrete block body shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] Right side view of the concrete block body shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] Cross-sectional view of line IV-IV shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] Front view showing the joined state of the concrete block according to the first embodiment of this invention. [Figure 6] Plan view of the concrete block shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] Front view showing another joined state of the concrete block shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 8] Schematic process diagram showing the method of replacing the concrete block according to the first embodiment of this invention. [Figure 9] Cross-sectional view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the second embodiment of this invention. [Figure 10] Plan view showing the joined state of the concrete block according to the second embodiment of this invention. [Figure 11] A view showing the joined state of the concrete block according to the third embodiment of this invention, where (1) is a front view and (2) is a plan view. [Figure 12] Front view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the fourth embodiment of this invention. [Figure 13] Schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the concrete block of this invention. [Figure 14] Perspective view showing an intermediate process of the wall structure shown in Patent Document 1.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] Referring to the attached drawings, the details of the concrete block 10 and the method for joining the concrete block 10 according to the present invention will be described as follows: Figure 1 is a front view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the first embodiment of this invention, which is shown as an example; Figure 2 is a plan view of the concrete block body shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a right side view of the concrete block body shown in Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the line IV-IV shown in Figure 1.

[0022] Concrete blocks (concrete block structures) 10, made of precast concrete blocks, are used to construct structures of a predetermined shape, such as walls, by sequentially joining them together. By joining multiple concrete blocks, walls such as fences at site boundaries, walls in reinforced concrete structures, seismic walls, reinforcing walls in seismic walls, and partition walls placed in rigid frame structures are formed. A structure of a predetermined shape refers to a wall, a column, or other vertical member or structure constructed in the vertical direction.

[0023] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the concrete block 10 comprises a concrete block body 11 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a pair of joints 20a and 20b attached to opposing sides of the concrete block body 11. In the concrete block 10 according to the first embodiment of this invention, the joints 20 (20a, 20b) can be joined laterally (left-right direction in Figure 1).

[0024] The concrete block body 11 comprises a front section 12, a back section 13, a flat section 14, a bottom section 15, a first side section 16 located on the right side when viewed from the front, and a second side section 17 facing the first side section 16.

[0025] Of the pair of joints 20a and 20b, joint (first joint) 20a is attached to the first side surface 16. Joint (second joint) 20b is attached to the second side surface 17. The second joint 20b has the same shape as the first joint 20a and is attached to the second side surface 17 in a similar manner. Therefore, the description of joints 20a and 20b will only be given for the first joint 20a.

[0026] The first joint portion 20a is made of a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped piece of wood and is integrally attached to the concrete block body 11 so as to protrude from the joint-side end (first side portion 16) toward the joint direction (direction A in Figure 1) when viewed from the front. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, at least a portion of it is embedded in the concrete block body 11. With this configuration, when the concrete blocks 10 are joined together, the resistance to pulling, pressing, etc. is improved, and the joint state becomes more stable.

[0027] The first joint 20a, in a front view, comprises a front portion 21 having a vertically elongated rectangular flat surface, a rear portion 22 facing the front portion 21, an upper portion 23, a lower portion 24 facing the upper portion 23, and an end portion 25 positioned on the side facing the first side portion 16. The height of the first joint 20a is the same as the height of the concrete block body 11, and the flat portion 14 of the concrete block body 11 and the upper portion 23 of the first joint 20a are formed to be horizontal and flush. Furthermore, the bottom portion 15 of the concrete block body 11 and the lower portion 24 of the first joint 20a are formed to be horizontal and flush. With this configuration, when the concrete blocks 10 are stacked, the joint portions of the concrete blocks arranged vertically make surface contact with each other, resulting in a stable installation. In addition, the thickness T1 of the first joint 20a is set to be shorter than the thickness T2 of the concrete block body 11. Details of the effects of the joint 20 (20a, 20b) will be described later.

[0028] Figure 5 is a front view showing the joined state of concrete blocks according to the first embodiment of this invention, and Figure 6 is a plan view of the concrete blocks shown in Figure 5.

[0029] For convenience, the joint portion 20c attached to the second side portion 17b of the second concrete block 10b will be referred to here as the joined portion 20c.

[0030] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, in the first embodiment, the joint portion 20a of the first concrete block 10a further comprises a pair of joining members 26a and 26b that can join the joint portion 20a with the joined portion 20c of the second concrete block 10b.

[0031] The pair of joining members 26a and 26b are made of wood having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and are detachably attached to the front portion 21a and rear portion 22a of the joint portion 20a, respectively.

[0032] Next, we will explain the method for joining the concrete blocks 10.

[0033] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, first, the first concrete block 10a is installed (first step). Then, the second concrete block 10b, which has the same shape as the first concrete block 10a, is installed adjacent to the first concrete block 10a (second step). At this time, the joined portion 20c of the second concrete block 10b is brought close to the first joint portion 20a of the first concrete block 10a, and is positioned opposite the first joint portion 20a of the first concrete block 10a. That is, the second concrete block 10b is arranged in the direction of the protrusion of the first joint portion 20a of the first concrete block 10a. At this time, the front portion 21a of the first joint portion 20a of the first concrete block 10a is aligned with the front portion 21c of the second concrete block 10b, and the ends of the concrete blocks 10a and 10b are in contact with each other.

[0034] Next, the joining member 26a is attached to the joint 20a to join the first concrete block 10a and the second concrete block 10b (third step). More specifically, the joining member 26a is positioned so that its flat surface is in contact with the flat surfaces of the front portions 21a and 21c, and it is fixed with multiple nails 28. With this configuration, the joint 20a, the joined portion 20c, and the joining member 26a are fixed in a state of surface contact, so the joint state of the first concrete block 10a and the second concrete block 10b is stabilized.

[0035] Subsequently, a joining member 26b is prepared and placed on the rear surfaces 22a and 22c of the joining portion 20a and the joined portion 20c, and fixed in place so that the flat surfaces abut each other using the same procedure as on the front surfaces 21a and 21b. This completes the joining of the first concrete block 10a and the second concrete block 10b.

[0036] Thus, the concrete blocks 10a and 10b are equipped with a joint portion 20a and a joined portion 20c, and the joint portion 20a and the joined portion 20c are joined to each other via detachable joining members 26a and 26b. Therefore, even after the concrete blocks 10a and 10b have been joined to each other, the concrete block 10a can be removed from the adjacent concrete block 10b by removing the joining members 26a and 26b.

[0037] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, the combined thickness T1 of the joint 20a and the joint members 26a and 26b is set to be smaller than the thickness T2 of the concrete block body 11. With this configuration, a space is formed on the surface of the joint members 26a and 26b, making it possible to attach fire-resistant materials, waterproof sheets, decorative materials, etc.

[0038] Figure 7 is a front view showing another joining state of the concrete block shown in Figure 5. Note that, since it is basically the same as the first embodiment, the explanation will focus on the differences.

[0039] In the concrete block joint shown in Figure 7, the jointing member is different from the jointing member 26 of the first embodiment.

[0040] More specifically, the joining member 27 is made of a rectangular prism-shaped piece of wood, and its height (length in the vertical direction in Figure 7) is set to be longer than the height of the joining member 26 and the height of the concrete block 10. With this configuration, when concrete blocks 10c and 10d are stacked on top of concrete blocks 10a and 10b, the concrete blocks can be joined not only horizontally (left and right direction in Figure 7) but also vertically. Therefore, by joining concrete blocks vertically and horizontally, a wall surface of the desired size can be constructed, improving usability.

[0041] Next, the effects of the joint 20 will be explained.

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic process diagram showing a method for replacing concrete blocks according to the first embodiment of this invention.

[0043] Figure 8(1) shows a wall surface constructed by joining concrete blocks as shown in Figure 7, with cracks appearing due to deterioration. The wall surface is constructed by joining six concrete blocks 10a to 10f vertically and horizontally. Of the six concrete blocks 10a to 10f, two concrete blocks 10c and 10e have cracks.

[0044] First, the nails are removed from the joining member 27, and the joining member 27 is detached from the joint 20. As described above, the concrete blocks are equipped with a joint 20 and joined via the joining member 27, so as shown in (2), only the concrete blocks 10c and 10e can be removed from the other adjacent concrete blocks 10a, 10d, and 10f.

[0045] Next, referring to (3), new concrete blocks 10g and 10h are installed in the locations where concrete blocks 10c and 10e were previously installed. Then, the joining member 27 is attached to the joint 20 to join the concrete blocks 10a, 10b, 10d, 10f, 10g, and 10h together.

[0046] Thus, unlike conventional concrete blocks in which reinforcing bars are placed in a cavity formed inside and mortar is poured in to integrate the concrete blocks, the concrete block 10 of the present invention does not require the entire wall surface, including parts without cracks, to be demolished. In other words, since the concrete block body 11 is attached to the joint 20 of an adjacent concrete block 10 via the joint 20, the concrete block 10 can be partially replaced. Furthermore, by partially replacing the concrete block, the wall surface can be used for a long period of time while repeatedly making repairs. Moreover, the frequency of construction work requiring large-scale demolition is reduced, resulting in an economically advantageous wall surface.

[0047] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the second embodiment of this invention, corresponding to Figure 4, and Figure 10 is a plan view showing the joined state of the concrete block according to the second embodiment of this invention, corresponding to Figure 6. In this explanation, since it is basically the same as the first embodiment, the differences will be explained in detail.

[0048] Referring to Figures 9 and 10, the material and shape of the joints 31 (31a, 31b) and joint members 32 (32a, 32b) in this embodiment differ from those of the joints and joint members in the first embodiment. The first side surface 16 side and the second side surface 17 side have a symmetrical structure, and the joint 31b is attached in the same way as the joint 31a. Therefore, the description of the joints 31a and 31b will be given only for the first side surface 16 side.

[0049] The joint portion 31a is made of steel and has a T-shape in cross-section. When embedded in the concrete block body 35, the upper part 33 of the T-shape is embedded, and the lower end 34 is integrally attached so as to protrude toward the joining direction (direction B in Figure 9). The protruding portion 36 is flat and has four through holes (not shown) formed therein.

[0050] The joining member 32 is made of steel and has a flat plate shape. The joining member 32 also has four through holes (not shown) formed in it.

[0051] Referring to Figure 10, when joining the concrete blocks 30, the joining member 32a is attached from the front side and the joining member 32b is attached from the back side. At this time, the flat surfaces are brought into contact with each other with the positions of the through holes in the joints 31a and 31c and the joining member 32a aligned. The joining member 32b on the back side is attached in the same way as on the front side. Then, a bolt 37 is inserted into the through hole and a nut 38 is tightened to secure it. With this configuration, the embedded portion (upper part 33) of the joint is positioned perpendicular to the joining direction (protruding direction), so the resistance to pulling out is increased and the joint state becomes even more stable. In addition, since the joint 31 and joining member 32 are made of steel, sufficient strength can be obtained even if the thickness of the joint 31 and joining member 32 is reduced.

[0052] Figure 11 shows the joint state of concrete blocks according to the third embodiment of this invention, where (1) is a front view and (2) is a top view. In this explanation, it will be explained mainly focusing on the differences, as it is basically the same as the first embodiment.

[0053] Referring to Figure 11, the number of joints in this embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment.

[0054] More specifically, in the first embodiment, a pair of joints 20a and 20b were provided on the left and right sides in a front view, whereas in the third embodiment, a pair of joints 42a to 42d are provided on the top, bottom, left, and right sides. That is, the joints 42 (42a to 42d) are provided at both ends in the horizontal direction and both ends in the height direction of the concrete block body in a front view.

[0055] When joining the concrete blocks, first, the first layer of concrete blocks 40a and 40b is installed. Then, the second layer of concrete blocks 40c and 40d is installed above the first layer of concrete blocks 40a and 40b. At this time, since joints 42c and 42d are provided at the upper and lower ends of each of the concrete block bodies 41a to 41d, joints 42a to 42d are positioned on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of each of the concrete block bodies 41a to 41d.

[0056] Next, the upper joints 42c of the first layer of concrete blocks 40a and 40b and the lower joints 42d of the second layer of concrete blocks 40c and 40d are brought into contact and fixed with the joining members 43a and 43b. This joins the concrete blocks 40a and 40c, and the concrete blocks 40b and 40d together.

[0057] Next, using the same procedure, place the third layer of concrete blocks 40e and 40f above the second layer of concrete blocks 40c and 40d, and join concrete blocks 40c and 40e together, and concrete blocks 40d and 40f together.

[0058] Then, a connecting member 44 is placed between the left column (the column to which concrete blocks 40a, 40c, and 40e are joined) and the right column (the column to which concrete blocks 40b, 40d, and 40f are joined), and nails are driven in to secure it. The connecting member 44 has a length that can cover from the upper end of the joint portion 42a of concrete block 40e to the lower end of the joint portion 42d of concrete block 40a, and can connect the left column and the right column together. As a result, the connecting members are placed not only in the vertical direction (up and down direction in Figure 11(1)) but also in the horizontal direction (left and right direction in Figure 11(1)).

[0059] In this configuration, joints are positioned on the top, bottom, left, and right of the concrete block body, and are joined via connecting members. Therefore, if a crack occurs in the second layer of concrete blocks sandwiched above and below, the connecting members positioned on the top, bottom, left, and right of that concrete block can be removed, leaving the concrete block unconnected to the surrounding blocks. Then, by installing a new concrete block and joining it to the surrounding blocks, partial replacement of the concrete block becomes easy.

[0060] Furthermore, the length of the connecting members is not limited to that shown in Figure 11, and may be of other lengths. Also, the connecting members may not be continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions, but may be arranged partially.

[0061] Figure 12 is a front view of the concrete block body used in the concrete block according to the fourth embodiment of this invention. Note that, since it is basically the same as the first embodiment, the explanation will focus on the differences.

[0062] Referring to Figure 12, the concrete block body according to this embodiment has a different shape from the concrete block body of the first embodiment.

[0063] More specifically, in a front view, the concrete block body 61 of concrete block 60 has a concave shape at its upper and lower parts. The concrete block body 64 of concrete block 63 has a convex shape at its upper and lower parts. When stacking the concrete blocks vertically, the concave and convex shapes are arranged to engage with each other at the points where the upper and lower concrete block bodies abut. The joints 62a and 62b attached to both ends of the concrete block body 61 are formed to be rectangular in a front view. Similarly, the joints 65a and 65b attached to both ends of the concrete block body 64 are also formed to be rectangular in a front view. With this configuration, when a shear force is applied to the wall surface, the concave and convex shapes interlock, preventing each concrete block from moving horizontally. Therefore, the installation state of the concrete block bodies is stable. After fitting the concrete block bodies together in this manner, the flat surface of the joining member is brought into contact with the flat surface of the joining part, and nails are driven in to fix them in place, completing the joining of the concrete blocks.

[0064] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the concrete block of this invention. Figures 13(1), (2), (5), and (6) are plan views of the concrete block at the top and front views of the concrete block at the bottom. Figures 13(3) and (4) are plan views of the concrete block, and (7) is a front view of the concrete block.

[0065] Furthermore, since these other embodiments of concrete blocks have basically the same structure as the concrete block of the second embodiment described above, the differences will be explained below.

[0066] Referring to (1), the concrete block 70 includes a concrete block body 71 and a pair of joints 72a and 72b that are connected to opposing positions on the side surfaces of the concrete block body 71.

[0067] The joint 72 is made of a flat steel plate and has two through holes (not shown) in the center.

[0068] When joining concrete blocks, the flat surfaces of the joint portions 72a and 72c are brought into contact with each other, and the positions of the through holes are aligned. Then, fasteners such as bolts are inserted through the through holes to secure the joint portions 72a and 72c together. Thus, fasteners such as bolts are also included as joining members.

[0069] Referring to (2), in the concrete block 74, two joining members 75a and 75b are used on the front side when joining. The height H1 of joining member 75a is set to be shorter than the height H2 of the joint 76. That is, the joining member 75a does not have to abut the entire surface of the joint 76, but it is sufficient that it can be detachably attached to at least a part of it. The same applies to joining member 75b as to joining member 75a.

[0070] Referring to (3), in the concrete block 77, the joints 78a and 78b are made of square steel pipes having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. With this configuration, the joints 78a and 78b are hollow, so it is possible to reduce weight while maintaining a certain level of strength by adding thickness. This is advantageous in terms of cost and improves usability.

[0071] Referring to (4), in the concrete block 80, the joint is a joint structure. That is, the first joint 81 has a concave shape on the joining surface, and the second joint 82 has a convex shape. When concrete blocks are aligned left and right, the concave shape and the convex shape engage with each other at the joint, and the joints are fitted together. Therefore, the joints can be joined together without using a joining member. With this configuration, the concrete block body is attached to the joint 82 (second joint 82) (jointed part) of the adjacent concrete block via the joint 81 (first joint 81), so that the concrete block can be partially replaced. Thus, the present invention also includes a method of joining joints together without using a joining member.

[0072] Referring to (5), in the concrete block 83, the joint 84 is composed of a flat piece of wood 85 and a U-shaped steel member 86 connected to cover the top, side, and bottom surfaces of the wood. The joint may be composed of multiple materials in this way. With this configuration, the ends of the joint are covered with steel, which increases the strength of the joint compared to wood alone. Furthermore, the strength of the joint can be adjusted by changing the ratio of wood to steel. In addition, the joint 84 may consist only of wood, only of steel, or of wood and steel.

[0073] Referring to (6), in the concrete block 87, the joint portion 88 is made of a steel member that is L-shaped in front view and is arranged symmetrically in the vertical direction at opposing positions on the side surface of the concrete block body. Specifically, the joint portion 88a located on the right side in front view has an inverted L shape, and the joint portion 88b located on the left side has an L shape. The right joint portion 88a also has a pin 89 with a built-in spring that is biased to protrude vertically. The pin 89 is configured to retract and shorten when its end is pushed in the direction of the connected side. The left joint portion 88b has a hole formed in the vertical direction, and the pin fits into the hole when joined. Thus, the joint portion may have a shape other than a rectangular parallelepiped. The pin and hole are not required. In that case, they may be fastened in the vertical direction. The joining member may also be built into or integrated with the joint portion.

[0074] Referring to (7), in the concrete block 90, the joint portion 91 has a concave shape at the top and a convex shape at the bottom when viewed from the front. When stacking the upper and lower concrete blocks, the concave and convex shapes at the joint portion of the upper and lower concrete blocks are arranged to engage with each other. Thus, the joint portion does not have to be rectangular when viewed from the front. With this configuration, the upper and lower joint portions interlock, increasing the resistance to shear force. As a result, the installed state of the concrete block becomes stable.

[0075] In the embodiments described above, the concrete block body had a specific shape, but it is not limited to these, and can be set to any shape and size as needed. Furthermore, the concrete block body may be hollow.

[0076] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the joint was embedded in the concrete block body, but it does not have to be embedded; it can be bonded or welded instead.

[0077] Furthermore, in each of the embodiments described above, the joint and joining member were made of a specific material, but they may be made of other materials or a combination of multiple materials. They may also be made of the same material as the concrete block body.

[0078] Furthermore, in each of the embodiments described above, the joint portion was formed to be continuous in the height direction of the concrete block body, but it may also be formed to be connected to a part in the height direction.

[0079] Furthermore, although the concrete blocks in the above embodiments had two or more joints, they may have just one. For example, in the case of concrete blocks placed at any of the top, bottom, left, or right ends of a wall surface, joints do not need to be provided on the surfaces that are not joined to the concrete block.

[0080] Furthermore, in the first to fourth embodiments described above, the concrete block was provided with a pair of joining members on both sides of the joint, but it is also possible to provide a joining member on only one side.

[0081] Furthermore, in the first, third, and fourth embodiments described above, the joint and the joining member were formed in a flat plate shape, but they may be of other shapes as long as they have a flat surface in at least a part of them. Also, they do not need to have a flat surface. Moreover, even if they have a flat surface, they may be joined at parts other than the flat surface.

[0082] Furthermore, in the first, third, and fourth embodiments described above, the ends of the joints were arranged to be in contact with each other, but they do not necessarily have to be in contact.

[0083] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the second concrete block was installed adjacent to the first concrete block in the left-right direction (horizontal direction) after the first concrete block was installed, but it may also be installed in the vertical direction. In addition, the blocks may be joined in any of the following directions: left-right only, vertical only, or vertical, left-right, vertical, or horizontal.

[0084] Furthermore, although each of the above embodiments, except for the embodiment shown in Figure 13(4), was equipped with a connecting member, the connecting member is not required.

[0085] Furthermore, in each of the embodiments described above, the combined thickness of the joint and the joining member was set to be less than the thickness of the concrete block body, but it may also be set to be the same as the thickness of the concrete block body. That is, the front surface of the concrete block body and the front surface of the joining member may be formed to be flush. In that case, when attaching finishing materials such as siding to the surface of the concrete block, the concrete block and the finishing material will be positioned without any gaps, resulting in a stable installation.

[0086] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, when wood is used for the joint and joining members, the joint and joining members may be square timber, 2x4 lumber, plywood, etc.

[0087] Furthermore, in this invention, precast concrete blocks of a predetermined shape were referred to as concrete blocks, but they may or may not have internal cavities.

[0088] Furthermore, while the above embodiments involved constructing a wall surface as a structure of a predetermined shape, it is also possible to construct a structure of a different shape, such as a part of a structure like a column. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0089] 10, 30, 40, 60, 63, 70, 74, 77, 80, 83, 87, 90... concrete blocks 11, 35, 41, 61, 64, 71... Concrete block body 20, 31, 42, 62, 65, 72, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 88, 91...joint 26, 27, 32, 43, 75... Joining members In each figure, the same reference numeral indicates the same or corresponding part.

Claims

1. A concrete block for constructing a structure of a predetermined shape by sequentially joining the blocks, The concrete block body that constitutes the aforementioned structure, The concrete block body is provided with a joint portion that is integrally attached to at least a part of the joint-side end so as to protrude in the direction of joining, The joint portion is a concrete block that is detachably attached to at least a portion of the jointed portions which are arranged in a line in the protruding direction.

2. The joint portion includes a joining member that is detachably attached to at least a part of the joint portion and capable of joining the joint portion and the portion to be joined. The concrete block according to claim 1, wherein the joint and the joint member have at least a portion of a flat surface, and are fixed so that the flat surfaces abut each other.

3. The concrete block according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein at least a portion of the joint is embedded in the concrete block body.

4. The concrete block body has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, The concrete block according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the joint portion is provided at both ends in the horizontal direction and both ends in the height direction of the concrete block body when viewed from the front.

5. A concrete block structure in which a structure of a predetermined shape is formed by joining multiple concrete blocks, Each of the concrete blocks comprises a concrete block body constituting the structure and a joint portion integrally attached to at least a part of the joint-side end of the concrete block body so as to protrude toward the joint direction. A concrete block structure further comprising a connecting member that is detachably attached to each of the joints of adjacent concrete block bodies and capable of integrally connecting the joints together.

6. A method for joining concrete blocks to construct a structure of a predetermined shape, The concrete block comprises a concrete block body that constitutes the structure, A joint portion is integrally attached to at least a part of the joint-side end of the concrete block body so as to protrude toward the joint direction, The system includes a joining member that is detachably attached to at least a portion of the joint and capable of joining the joint and an adjacent portion to be joined, The first step is to install the first concrete block, A second step is to install a second concrete block in a position adjacent to the first concrete block, The process includes a third step of joining the first concrete block and the second concrete block, The second step includes arranging the joint portion of the first concrete block and the joined portion of the second concrete block in opposing positions, A method for joining concrete blocks, the third step of which includes attaching the joining member to the joint and the joined portion.

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