Waterproofing composite material

Abstract

To provide a waterproofing admixture that has low manufacturing costs and can impart high waterproofing properties to concrete and ground. [Solution] The waterproofing admixture of the present invention is characterized by being a powder mixed so that the sum of each component is 100% by weight, within the range of 45-47% by weight of silica sand, 20-21% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, and 29% by weight of a mixture of slaked lime, magnesium lime, and fly ash, when rounded to the first decimal place. Since each component is inexpensive and readily available, the manufacturing cost can be kept low. By mixing the waterproofing admixture of the present invention with concrete as an admixture or with soil as a soil conditioner, high waterproofness can be imparted to concrete and ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a waterproof admixture that can impart high waterproof performance to concrete and ground.

Background Art

[0002] As a technique for imparting waterproof performance to ground or concrete, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a ground improvement material in which an aqueous emulsion composed of asphalt and polypropylene and a cement-based solidifying agent are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses waterproof concrete containing cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a non-air-entraining water reducer, reinforcing metal fibers, and water. The inventor of the present application developed a waterproof admixture with low production cost and capable of imparting high waterproof performance to concrete and ground, and obtained a patent (Patent Document 3).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Higher waterproof performance is more preferable, and there is a demand for an admixture having higher waterproof performance than the techniques disclosed in the above patent documents.

[0005] In consideration of such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof admixture with low production cost and capable of imparting high waterproof performance to concrete and ground.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The waterproofing admixture of the present invention is characterized by being a powder obtained by mixing silica sand (45-47% by weight), water (20-21% by weight), cement (1% by weight), waterproofing material (3% by weight), and a mixture of slaked lime, magnesium lime, and fly ash (29% by weight), such that the total of each component is 100% by weight when rounded to the first decimal place. Furthermore, it is characterized by comprising 13% by weight of slaked lime, 11% by weight of dolomitic lime, and 5% by weight of fly ash. Furthermore, it is characterized by being mixable with concrete. Furthermore, it is characterized by being a soil conditioner that is mixed with soil. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] As a result of diligent research, the inventors of this application have found that the optimal waterproofing admixture is a powder mixture containing 45-47% by weight of silica sand, 20-21% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, and 29% by weight of a mixture of slaked lime, dolomitic lime, and fly ash, with the total weight of each component equaling 100% by weight, when rounded to the first decimal place. Since each component is inexpensive and readily available, manufacturing costs can be kept low. By mixing the waterproofing admixture of the present invention with concrete as an admixture, or with soil as a soil conditioner, high waterproofing properties can be imparted to concrete and ground. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] Table showing the component ratios of the waterproofing admixture of the present invention [Figure 2] The table shows the detailed component ratios of each test specimen in the examples, expressed in volume % and weight %. [Figure 3] The table shows the component ratios of each test specimen in the examples, rounded to the first decimal place by weight %. [Figure 4] Graph showing the results of the waterproof performance test. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Embodiments of the waterproofing material of the present invention will be described. As shown in Figure 1, the waterproofing admixture is prepared by mixing 45-47% by weight of silica sand, 20-21% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, and 29% by weight of a mixture of slaked lime, magnesium lime, and fly ash, rounded to the first decimal place, so that the sum of each component is 100% by weight. The mixture is then solidified and pulverized.

[0010] Silica sand is a type of sand mainly composed of quartz grains, with silica as its main component and possessing countless micropores. The specific gravity, porosity, and particle size of the silica sand used in this invention are not particularly limited. Cement is defined as "a grayish-white powder obtained by calcining and crushing limestone, clay, and iron oxide" (Kojien dictionary). Cement is a type of hydraulic material that hardens through a hydration reaction with water. The types of materials that make up cement are not particularly limited; common materials can be used.

[0011] Examples of waterproofing materials include, but are not limited to, asphalt-based, inorganic materials mainly composed of silicon dioxide, silicone-based, modified silicone-based, urethane-based, polysulfide-based, and polyisobutylene-based waterproofing materials. Examples of asphalt-based waterproofing materials include Naruse Chemical Co., Ltd.'s Narusphalt C (registered trademark) and Sansei Chemical Co., Ltd.'s Alpha-Sol (registered trademark), while examples of inorganic materials mainly composed of silicon dioxide include Beston Co., Ltd.'s Beston (registered trademark). Slaked lime refers to calcium hydroxide. Dolomitic lime is defined as "a lime fertilizer containing 3.5% or more citric acid-soluble magnesium" (Kojien dictionary), and is a substance whose main components are calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide. Fly ash is a combustion ash produced by burning coal, and its main components are silica and alumina. [Examples]

[0012] The results of various tests using the waterproofing admixture of the present invention are shown. [Specimen] Figures 2 and 3 show the mixing ratios of specimens (1) to (6). Specimens (2) to (4) are admixtures for waterproofing of the present invention. Specimen (2) consists of 45% by weight of silica sand, 20% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 11% by weight of magnesia lime, and 13% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 29% by weight). Note that since the first decimal place is rounded off, the total of each component does not become 100% by weight. The same applies hereinafter. Specimen (3) consists of 46% by weight of silica sand, 21% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 11% by weight of magnesia lime, and 13% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 29% by weight). Specimen (4) consists of 47% by weight of silica sand, 20% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 11% by weight of magnesia lime, and 13% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 29% by weight).

[0013] Specimens (1), (5) and (6) are comparative examples and are not included in the admixture for waterproofing of the present invention. Specimen (1) consists of 44% by weight of silica sand, 21% by weight of water, 2% by weight of cement, 4% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 11% by weight of magnesia lime, and 14% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 30% by weight). Specimen (5) consists of 48% by weight of silica sand, 20% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 10% by weight of magnesia lime, and 12% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 27% by weight). Specimen (6) consists of 49% by weight of silica sand, 20% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, 5% by weight of fly ash, 10% by weight of magnesia lime, and 12% by weight of slaked lime (total of fly ash, magnesia lime and slaked lime is 27% by weight). The components were mixed and solidified as described above to obtain specimens.

[0014] [Waterproof performance test] As described above, each component was mixed to prepare a plate-shaped test specimen. A certain amount of water was poured onto the surface of the test specimen, and the time it took for the water to penetrate was measured. As shown in the graph in Figure 4, this test was conducted at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of age for each test specimen. At 4 weeks of age, specimens that had a water penetration time (water retention time) exceeding 150 hours were classified as "waterproof." Normally, "4-week strength" is often used as a guideline when measuring the strength of concrete. This is because the strength of concrete is thought to gradually increase after placement and stabilize after 4 weeks.

[0015] According to the graph in Figure 4, test specimens (2), (3), and (4) exceeded 150 hours of water retention at 4 weeks of age. Although comparative specimens (1), (5), and (6) also secured a reasonably high water retention time at 4 weeks of age, at 8 and 12 weeks of age, specimens (1), (5), and (6) showed a significant decrease in water retention time compared to specimens (2), (3), and (4), and were therefore deemed unsuitable. Furthermore, since the waterproofing admixture disclosed in Patent Document 3 above is considered "waterproof" if the water retention time exceeds 6 hours, it can be seen that comparative specimens (1), (5), and (6) also have sufficiently high waterproofing performance.

[0016] [Conclusion] Test specimens (2), (3), and (4) were found to possess high waterproof performance. In particular, test specimen (2) was found to possess extremely high waterproof performance. It is presumed that the waterproofing admixture of the present invention will exhibit high waterproofing performance when mixed with concrete as an admixture or when mixed with soil as a soil conditioner. [Industrial applicability]

[0017] The present invention provides a waterproofing admixture that has low manufacturing costs and can impart high waterproofing properties to concrete and ground, and has industrial applicability.

Claims

1. A waterproofing admixture characterized by being a powder mixed in such a way that, when rounded to the first decimal place, the total weight of each component is within the range of 45-47% by weight of silica sand, 20-21% by weight of water, 1% by weight of cement, 3% by weight of waterproofing material, and 29% by weight of a mixture of slaked lime, dolomitic lime, and fly ash.

2. The waterproofing admixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises 13% by weight of slaked lime, 11% by weight of dolomitic lime, and 5% by weight of fly ash.

3. A waterproofing admixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is mixed with concrete.

4. The waterproofing admixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is a soil conditioner that is mixed with soil.

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