Method for automatically setting the operating range of digital electrical devices

Abstract

Automatically configures a set of packet energy transmission operation parameters. [Solution] A set of packet energy transmission operation parameters is automatically configured to optimize safety, efficiency, and / or resilience in a digital power system. A set of limits is configured for packet energy transmission operation that does not immediately preclude the safe operation of the transmission line, and each limit in the set specifies a constraint for at least one of the measurements and calculations based on the impedance in series or parallel with the transmission line, the operating efficiency of the digital power system, and / or the voltage or current signal integrity. When the operation of the transmission line is measured and compared to the limits, and at least one of the limits is exceeded, the set of limits is automatically reconfigured or a new configuration is generated based on which limit was exceeded. Measurement, comparison, and reconfiguration are repeated until an acceptable operating range is identified or until a predetermined time limit is exceeded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power distribution system safety protection device, for example, in the case of a power outage or a safety hazard, particularly when an individual comes into contact with an exposed conductor, it relates to a power distribution system equipped with electronic monitoring for detecting and cutting off power. The present invention is applicable to general power distribution and specific examples such as the charging of electric vehicles, telecommunications, or alternative energy power systems.

Background Art

[0002] The following description of the background art may reflect hindsight obtained from the disclosed present invention, and these features are not necessarily recognized as prior art.

[0003] Digital power or digital electricity can be characterized as any power format in which power is distributed in discrete controllable units of energy. Packet Energy Transmission ( PET) is a new type of digital power protocol and is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 8,068,9 37B2 (Eaves‘937), U.S. Patent No. 8,781,637B2 (Eaves‘637) and International Publication No. 2017 / 139289A1 Pamphlet (Eaves‘289).

[0004] The main differentiating factor of a digital power transmission system compared to a conventional analog power system is that electrical energy is separated into discrete units, and the individual units of energy can be associated with analog and / or digital information for the purpose of optimizing safety, efficiency, resilience, control, or routing. In a PET system, energy is discrete ​​​​​Because it is transmitted in a certain quantity or volume, it is called "digital power" or "digital electricity." It is possible.

[0005] As described in Eaves 637, power controllers and load controllers The power lines are connected by transmission lines. The Eaves '637' power controller operates periodically. The power lines are insulated (cut) from the power source, and the power control is at least immediately before and after the power lines are insulated. Analyze the voltage characteristics present at the roller terminal. The period during which the power transmission line is insulated is Eaves In issue 637, this is called the "sample period," and the period during which the power is connected is called the "transmission period." This is called the "period." The rate of increase and decrease in voltage of the transmission line before, during, and after the sampling period. From the temperature reading, it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormal condition on the power line. Measurable abnormalities include: This includes short circuits, high transmission line resistance, or the presence of individuals improperly in contact with transmission lines, but It is not limited to them.

[0006] Eaves 637 can be transmitted via a transmission line between the power supply and the load controller. , further improving safety or the overall characteristics of energy transmission, for example, overall energy Alternatively, it also includes digital information that provides the voltage at the load controller terminal. One communication method on the same digital transmission lines used for this purpose is U.S. 9, Further details are provided in Specification No. 184,795B2 (Eaves '795). .

[0007] One application of digital power distribution systems is the digital transmission from the power supply side to the load side of the system. The purpose of a mat is to safely distribute direct current (DC) power at an increased voltage.

[0008] U.S. Patent No. 9,853,689B2 (Eaves' 689) describes various configurations The power supply component of Eaves '637, a device called a digital power transmitter. The packaging is described.

[0009] U.S. Patent No. 9,419,436B2 (Eaves' 436) describes various configurations The load-side component of Eaves 637 is a device called a digital receiver. The packaging is described.

[0010] U.S. Patent No. 9,893,521B2 (Lowe's 521) describes packet energy Using GL transmission, multiple power sources and multiple loads can be safely connected within a digital power network. The following concepts are introduced. The concept of power control elements (PCEs) is described in Lowe 2014. It was presented as a key component within the digital power network.

[0011] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2018 / 0313886A1 (Mlyniec'886 This document describes a method for verifying the integrity of digital cables, which is a sample. A method of applying bias to the transmission lines during the period, and the respective samples in the first and second transmission lines. This includes methods for synchronizing the start time of the period, as well as other methods.

[0012] U.S. Patent No. 10,714,930B1 (Weiss '930) describes the distribution system This document describes the use of carrier detection to measure the impedance of power transmission lines within a system. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] This specification describes a method and apparatus for automatically configuring a set of operating parameters for packet energy transmission, and various embodiments of this apparatus and method may include some or all of the elements, features, and steps described later.

[0014] This specification describes a method for automatically configuring a set of packet energy transmission operating parameters that optimize one or more of the elements of safety, efficiency, and resilience in a digital power system. The digital power system includes one or more power transmission channels. Each power transmission channel manages packet energy transmission on its respective power line, and this method is performed in a "constant safety" sequence. The method includes steps of configuring a set of limits for operation of the power line that do not immediately preclude safe operation of the power line, each limit defining a constraint for at least one measurement and calculation based on at least one of the following parameters: impedance in series or parallel with the power line, operating efficiency of the digital power system, voltage signal integrity, or current signal integrity. The characteristics of the power line during operation are measured and compared with these limits. When one of the limits is exceeded, a new set of limits is automatically configured based on which limit was exceeded. The process of measuring and configuring new limits is repeated until an acceptable operating range is identified or a predetermined time limit is exceeded.

[0015] The method described later, together with the previous studies of Eaves '637 and Mlyniec '886, focuses on a novel method of automatically maximizing the operating range for digital electrical fault detection without compromising shock and fire safety. Digital electricity ​​​​​​​​​​​​​Several variables may exist within the gas system, for example, the inter-line capacitance of the power transmission line. These are some of the challenges in accurate measurement, control, and limit evaluation when static methods are used. ru.

[0016] Digital power, or digital electricity, is a form of energy distribution using discrete, controllable energy units. It can be characterized by any of the power formats used. Digital electrical systems The system periodically insulates the power lines from both the power source and the load, preventing malfunctions or contact between the power lines and people. The analog line characteristics reflect the possibility of contact. Line fault detection involves the voltage of the power transmission line. This includes periodic measurements of current or both. System parameters such as the distance between the power source and the load. Because metering is variable, these measurements, methods, and limitations are crucial for maximizing performance capabilities. While doing so, it is adapted to ensure safe operation at all times. The method disclosed herein is adapted to these measurements Adaptive requirements are met through automatic range setting of measuring devices and limits applied to the measurement, and safety It can be used to maximize performance without compromising overall performance.

[0017] This specification uses the following when identifying power line faults during packet energy transmission. The limits applicable to the measurement and the method for automatically setting the range of the measuring device are described. Various embodiments of the apparatus for implementing the law include some of the elements, features, and steps described below. It may include or may include all of them.

[0018] In the first method, a set of initial limits for packet energy transmission operations is established, If the limit is exceeded, power supply to that transmission line will be stopped, (packet energy transmission will be halted) (This interrupts the output to the power lines), and a new set of limits is automatically generated based on the exceeded limit. It is dynamically configured. Once the limits are established and power is restored to the transmission lines, the process is performed by the human body. Without sacrificing safety operating requirements such as preventing the risk of electrical and electrical fires, appropriate limits This process is repeated until the correct set is found.

[0019] In the second method, an initial set of operating limits is established, and the packet energy transmission operation is, It continues until one or more limits are exceeded, at which point power to the transmission lines is interrupted. One or more limits are reconfigured without any intervention. The process of reconfiguring limits while in operation. This applies until a suitable configuration is identified, or until the maximum period for which safe operation is ensured has been exceeded. This happens repeatedly, and at that point, power to the transmission lines is interrupted.

[0020] In the third method, an initial set of operating parameters is configured, and when a certain limit is exceeded... The set of modified operating parameters is automatically configured in a constant safety sequence. The operational parameters are reconfigured either after the operation has stopped due to exceeding limits or during operation. This may be done. This may or may not require the establishment of new limits.

[0021] The concept of a constantly safe item, as used herein, means that it is always safe under all reasonable operating conditions. This refers to something designed to meet selected safety standards. For example, if a designer has determined that a safety standard is met... The principle is to ensure that the threshold does not exceed the DC-4 threshold of IEC 60479-1. If the choice is made to avoid ventricular fibrillation, the DC-4 region will be exceeded under all reasonable operating conditions. Only if no such thing occurs will an item remain safe at all times. All reasonable operating conditions References to the subject matter herein refer to unpredictable natural disasters, extreme catastrophic failure modes, and other events. This term is used to refer to conditions that exclude events that are statistically unlikely to occur. (IEC 61508) For example, several guidelines are provided regarding the events to be considered when evaluating operating conditions. It is. "Always" is used to mean an extremely high probability of success, and the evaluation conditions of the aforementioned probability and its The acceptable threshold is also defined by the selected safety standard, such as IEC 62368-1. In the case of safety standards, the device under test is made to fail, and the device is still not at the specified safety level. A typical approach is to evaluate whether to maintain the status.

[0022] As instructed in Mlyniec '886, biased measurements are biased This is performed in combination with measurements that do not involve the use of a resistor, and the effective inter-transmission line impedance is calculated. This is possible, and in this case, this impedance particularly suppresses ringing, and power control If the voltage difference between the power supply and the load controller is negligible, at least the power supply A parallel resistor connected to the positive output 16 of the Torola and the negative output 23 of the power controller. This includes capacitors. The limit is that these calculated impedance values ​​cannot be directly applied. This is possible. These values ​​can be updated with the last measured value obtained, and are always up-to-date. The value of will be used.

[0023] The methods described herein allow for the non-automatic reconstruction of measurements, techniques, limits, or any combination thereof. It is an extension of existing known techniques that can be implemented through specific means. These non-automatic means allow for manual reconfiguration of the device and / or various other operations by human hands. Different methods for obtaining / performing / implementing measurements, techniques, limits, or any combination thereof. This may include the use of physical devices. In a similar example, these non-automatic means may be used by a person. The software sent to reconstruct these measurements, techniques, limits, or any combination thereof. This may include software commands. In the future, these may be restructured through the methods disclosed. By utilizing automated means to execute tasks, significant improvements in performance can be achieved. It is possible.

[0024] High inter-line capacitance is a problem, as taught in Mlyniec '886, inter-line resistance This can mask the anti-decreasing effect. This high capacitance is within the correct system configuration and is It can exist in various ways through good configuration. For example, in power transmission line theory, two within the cable It is known that two conductors have mutual capacitance. This capacitance is often, It is expressed in units of length (for example, picofarads per foot). The length of a cable is As it increases, the total capacitance increases. If these line attenuation limits are exceeded, the power control It has been suggested that the capacitor may have a higher or lower capacitance than previously thought. Therefore, the power controller will determine whether the cable length is longer or shorter. We can conclude that this is a possible cause.

[0025] In other examples, as described in Lowe's 521, the same transmission within a PET system Multiple power receivers can be connected to an electrical device. Each of these power receivers has a capacitor (C2) in Figure 1. As shown as 9, these receivers contain more capacitance, and therefore are parallel It can be added to the row to generate a larger capacitance. With these increased inter-line capacitances, When the system is configured to perform this function, ideal operation at lower capacitance levels can be achieved. It may disappear, or at least the reason is that the bias may be too strong. Alternatively, the measurement and limits may be too sensitive. As a result, these effects of high inter-line capacitance are utilized in transmission lines, multiple receivers, or any other components. Overcoming various possible configurations, regardless of whether they are caused by the means, without user intervention. It can enable operation over a wide range.

[0026] In summary, the operating range for safe power distribution in terms of fault detection within digital power systems. This can be automatically maximized without compromising safety from electric shock to the human body or safety from electrical fires. Automatic range setting can be achieved in many ways, such as reconfiguring the measuring device, using different technologies. The use of, configuration of different sets of limits based on previous measurements, and new limits based on past measurements. This involves dynamic calculations in the real world, and it is not always necessary to stop the operation. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0027] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a digital electrical system. [Figure 2] This is a diagram of the PET voltage waveform. [Figure 3] This shows the PET waveform when the device stops operating because the measured value falls outside the expected range. [Figure 4] Figure 3 shows the PET waveform when operation can be resumed without errors using a different set of limits. [Figure 5] This shows the PET waveform when the operation can be adapted to use the new limits without causing a malfunction. [Figure 6] This shows the PET waveform when the operation must stop if the measurement falls outside the expected range due to adaptation to new limits. [Figure 7] This shows the PET waveform when the operation can be adapted by using a different bias without causing a malfunction. [Figure 8] This shows the PET waveform when the operation can be adapted by reconfiguring the duty cycle without causing a failure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] In the attached drawings, similar reference letters refer to the same or similar parts across different drawings. The planes are not necessarily to the correct scale, but rather illustrate specific principles in the examples described below. The emphasis is on drawings that include text (words, reference characters, and / or numbers). Other versions of the drawings that do not contain text are also understood to be part of this disclosure, and It can be replaced with a formal replacement drawing that does not contain any text.

[0029] The above-described and other features and advantages of various aspects of the present invention are within the broader scope of the present invention. This will become clear from the following more specific description of the concept and specific embodiments. The various aspects of the subject, which are introduced in this document and discussed in more detail later, can be realized by any of the many methods. It can be equipped, because its subject matter is not limited to any particular implementation method. Examples of implementations and uses are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, used or characterized herein, The terminology used (including technical and specialized terms) is based on the respective fields of the relevant technology. It shall be understood to have a meaning that is not inconsistent with the permissible meaning, and in this specification, it shall be understood as such. Unless explicitly defined otherwise, it shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense. .

[0031] In this disclosure, one element is described as "on top of" another element, "connected to" another element, or "linked" to another element. When it is stated that something is "being done" or "in contact with," it is not explicitly stated that this is not the case. Unless otherwise specified, the other element is either directly above, connected to, or linked to. Alternatively, there may be elements that come into contact with or are involved with it.

[0032] The terms used herein are intended to describe specific embodiments and are exemplary. This is not intended to limit the form of application. As used herein, "one (a)" And singular forms such as "one (an)" are plural unless the context indicates otherwise. It is intended to include as well. In addition, "to include", "to encompass", "to contain", and "to include" The term "is" indicates the presence of a specified element or step, but does not necessarily mean one or more. This does not exclude the existence or addition of other elements or steps in the number.

[0033] First, representative data described in Eaves 637 and Mlyniec 886 A digital power system is shown in Figure 1. The system consists of a power source 1 and at least one load. The PET protocol includes 2. The operating switch (S1)3 and switch (S5)24. Therefore, it is started, and power supply 1 is periodically disconnected from transmission lines 77 and 78. The switch is open ( When in a non-conductive state, the wire is connected to insulated diode (D1) 4 and diode (D2) 37 This also provides isolation from any stored energy present in load 2. In other embodiments, see below. When performing the method described above, one switch may be opened and / or one diode may be used. It can provide insulation. Furthermore, when using one or more diodes, one or more controllable A bidirectional or unidirectional solid-state switch can be used.

[0034] Eaves 637 specifies alternatives that can be used instead of D1 and D2. Several versions of the itch are available, and if used in the manner described herein The same result can be obtained with either version. Capacitor (C3)5 is part of the circuit. This represents the energy storage element on the load side.

[0035] Transmission lines 77 and 78 have an inherent inter-transmission line (or cross-line) resistance (R4) 6 and electrostatic discharge. It has a capacity (C1) of 7. The PET system architecture is described in Eaves' 637. As described, additional line resistance (R3)8 and capacitance (C2)9 are added. At the moment switch 3 is opened, C1 and C2 have accumulated charge, which is The capacitance (C3) 5 is inversely proportional to the sum of R4 and R3. Due to the reverse blocking effect of (D1)4, discharge does not occur through resistors R3 and R4. The amount of charge contained in (C1 and C2) is proportional to the voltage passed through it, and the power supply-controller Regarding the negative output 23 of the power supply, the positive output of the power supply controller is controlled by the power supply controller 18. In force 16, and with respect to the negative input 79 of the load controller, load controller 1 9 can be measured at the positive input 17 of the load-controller.

[0036] As described in Eaves 637, the energy stored in C1 and C2 The decay rate can indicate the presence of a cross-line fault on transmission lines 77 and 78. Ea Figure 2 shows the difference between normal operation and malfunction as presented in ves'637.

[0037] Additional elements common in this field are incorporated into this system. A power controller. 18 uses switches (S7) 27 and (S8) 28 as secondary protection, If one component fails, for example, switch (S1)3 fails due to a short circuit. To allow disconnection in certain cases. These secondary switches S7 and S8 are typical. The following pre-charge circuit code remains closed once operation begins, unless there is a malfunction. Components, namely resistor (R1) 10, resistor (R6) 26, switch (S2) 1 The current limiting soft start function becomes available through switch (S6) 25. The current limiting earth-ground balance is achieved by resistor (R7) 31, resistor (R8) 32 and resistor Provided by component (R9)33. These high resistance values ​​are provided by the ground-gravity through R9. While limiting the fault current, matching impedance values ​​for R7 and R8 are used. By using this, the earth ground 34 is centrally coupled to the high-voltage power supply terminals.

[0038] Another fail-safe protection exists. Switch (S9)36 has a fail-safe claw. A circuit is provided, which is controlled by the power controller 18 or by Eaves 637. Regarding disconnections, please refer to any other "Watchdog" elements for monitors as described. Therefore, it is actively deactivated. Fuses (F1) 29 and (F2) 30 are standard It is a typical circuit protection element, and together with the crowbar switch (S9) 36, the main switches 3 and 24 The secondary switches 27 and 28 have failed, and it is not possible to command power supply 1 to turn off. A method for disconnecting the power in such cases is provided.

[0039] The bias circuit, which includes resistor (R2) 12 and switch (S3) 13, allows Mlyni As instructed in EC'886, the integrity of power transmission lines can be verified. This bias circuit includes resistor (R5) 14 and switch (S4) 15. Along with the IAS circuit, inline communication between the power controller 18 and the load controller 19 Used in communications, which is taught in the Eaves communications patent. Power Controller 1 Communication between 8 and the load controller 19 using another copper wire or optical fiber communication line is: This is indicated by communication link 22. Synchronization signal 15 is sent to Mlyniec'886. As instructed, multiple additional means to improve transmission line integrity It is used for time synchronization of the power controller.

[0040] Referring again to Figure 1, we see switch (S1) 3, power controller 18, resistor (R1) 10, Switch (S2) 11, Resistor (R3) 8, Resistor (R2) 12, Switch (S3 )13, switch (S5)24, switch (S6)25, resistor (R6)26, switch (S7)27, switch (S8)28, fuse (F1)29, fuse (F2)30, Resistor (R7) 31, resistor (R8) 32, resistor (R9) 33 and switch (S9) 3 The combination of 6 can be called a power transmitter 20. Switch (S4) 15, resistor (R5) 1 4. Load controller 19, Diode (D1) 4, Capacitor (C2) 9, Capacitor The combination of (C3)5 and diode (D2)37 can be called the power receiver 21.

[0041] In the first method, as taught in Eaves 637, sample The rate of voltage drop during the period is checked, and it is evaluated whether it occurs too quickly or too slowly. It is worth it. As taught in Mlyniec '886, a fragment of bias The rate of voltage drop during the sample period is compared to a predetermined maximum and minimum value. Based on the results of these two operations, the power controller 18 determines that the amount of inter-line capacitance is Depending on whether a fixed minimum or a predetermined maximum value was exceeded, the previously considered It can be concluded that it may be larger or smaller than the object. Power Controller 1 8. If you conclude that the inter-line capacitance is greater or less than previously expected. The power controller 18 performs actions that enable more optimized operation. It is possible.

[0042] The power controller 18 performs several actions to enable more optimized operation. It can be carried out by law. The power controller 18 has the minimum line distance within this new distance range. Another set of predetermined minimum and maximum values ​​optimized to ensure that resistance faults are always reliably detected. A set can be configured. The power controller 18 controls the amount of bias applied. It can be reconfigured to better counteract the effects of capacitance, Regardless of whether the bias is a resistance value, a current source or sink, or any other means of providing bias. The power controller 18 reconfigures the duty cycle, period, or both. Therefore, by changing the off-time, it becomes possible to optimally measure the next expected amount of capacitance. It is possible. The power controller 18 controls different sensors, filters, gain, and bias off. Set, AC coupling, ADC resolution and hardware reconfiguration, firmware reconfiguration Or, using other known methods to maximize signal quality by both, then expect Optimal measurements can be achieved within the specified capacitance range.

[0043] For example, the power controller 18 performs a voltage check with respect to the negative output 23 of the power controller. The voltage is measured at point 16 by using a circuit designed for intelligence. Voltage sensor In designing circuits used as such, when configuring hardware components, The force signal level, desired output signal, expected signal-to-noise ratio, and other constraints are taken into consideration. If the input signal is expected to have a small voltage level range, this is the case for the output signal vs. It can be designed to have a gain that maximizes the iss ratio. The gain value configured in this way This circuit, which has this feature, will not operate when the input signal range is large. When designed to support a wide range of force signals, the signal-to-noise ratio is small when the input signal range is small. A low IZ ratio can lead to inaccurate measurements. Therefore, different expected operating ranges may be required. If multiple voltage sensor circuits are implemented to accommodate the range, the power controller 18 will Based on which limit was exceeded, the optimal sensor to use can be determined. .

[0044] In other examples, the transmitter 20 is a known hardware or software filtering implementation. By using this, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved. In addition, a portion of the signal may be altered to such an extent that it leads to an incorrect conclusion. For example, 60Hz A low-pass filter that only allows frequencies below 120Hz to pass through improves the situation when there is noise at 120Hz. This low-pass filter can provide a signal-to-noise ratio, but it does not provide a desired signal. If it is expected to have a frequency of 240Hz, it is unacceptable, and this This is because the frequency is also reduced by the filter. Transmitter 20 implements a filter. One way this can be done is on the input or output of a voltage sensor. For example, a power supply. The controller 18 either passes through the signal without using a filter or through the majority of the signal's frequency content. It can start operation using a filter. Due to the low signal integrity Based on the limits that may be exceeded, the power controller 18 affects the desired signal. Without providing any input, a filter can be configured that targets the identified noise. The implementation can also be achieved in software using known methods.

[0045] In another example, the power controller 18 performs different analog-to-digital conversions for optimization. The (ADC) parameters can be configured. The ADC circuit can be configured in various ways. This includes at least speed, resolution, and topology configuration. While it is possible to take more samples in the same amount of time, such speed increases noise and This can cause a decrease in resolution. Increased resolution allows for the distinction of smaller changes in the signal. However, this increase in resolution can lead to more noise and errors, as well as slower processing. It is possible. For example, if designed to support a maximum signal of 2.56V, the ADC will While 8-bit resolution can detect small changes of 0.01V, 10-bit resolution is required. In this case, this ADC can detect small changes of 0.0025V. 8-bit resolution is typically slower and slower compared to uniform 8-bit resolution. The size is large. There are various topologies for ADCs that only support specific combinations of speed and resolution. These include, for example, sigma-delta and successive approximation registers (SARs). Therefore, since different speeds and resolutions are targeted, these targets require different ADCs. A porgi may be necessary. For example, the power controller 18 has a high ADC speed and low minus It may be preferable to start operation using a resolution-based SAR topology. If a certain limit is exceeded... And if that indicates low signal integrity in the form of low resolution, then power control -La 18 requires a lower speed for subsequent measurements, and instead offers higher resolution and sigma A ruta topology can be constructed.

[0046] The power controller 18 is described in Eaves 637 and Mlyniec 886. Other reconstructions specific to the PET algorithm can be performed, for example, Timing of the first sample used for wire integrity and sample period evaluation By reconstructing the sample, different sample subsets are used for analysis. Reconfiguring the number of samples used for evaluating wire integrity, off-time By reconstructing the length and reconstructing the period, duty cycle, or both, This includes making it possible to collect more or fewer samples. For example, power transmission lines. The primary timing used for integrity assessment is longer from the start of the sample period. By setting a specific time, it is possible to avoid unstable parts of the waveform caused by the switching. The first sample is for transmission line integrity evaluation over as long a period of time as possible. By waiting for the most statistically significant results to be provided by the sampled data It becomes even more restrictive. For example, sampling should be done as close to the start of the sample period as possible. You can start from there. The timing of this first sample is the system for the intended use. The choice of design is therefore based on the behavior of the period. Additionally, reconstruction of the synchronization signal 15 may also be necessary. The same or different failures may occur in subsequent trials. If this occurs, the power controller 18 will perform these procedures on its implementation hardware and It can be repeated up to the limits of the firmware.

[0047] These are the actions that the power controller 18 can take to optimize control and measurement. One detailed example of this behavior involves restructuring the bias level. An example of this bias implementation. This is shown in Figure 1 in the form of a resistor (R2) 12 and a switch (S3) 13. Repeat the two components, power-controller positive output 16 and power-controller Connected to transmission lines 77 and 78 in parallel with R212 and S213 between the negative output 23 of the -ra. This is possible. The independent control of these switches (S3) 13 allows different vias A switch can be applied. In this example, the combination of switch (S3) 13 is open. Depending on whether it is closed or not, there are three bias levels and one unbiased level. When the source controller 18 detects an exceedance of a certain limit, a different setting is used to obtain more optimal measurement accuracy. A bias level is configured. For example, if the voltage change or voltage gradient is too small, If a certain limit is exceeded, a lower resistance bias is used in subsequent measurements, A good signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved, thereby improving accuracy. What are the limits? Depending on how it is defined, this reconfiguration will adjust to the elements of the new bias levels used. The limits need to be adjusted.

[0048] In other examples, the power controller 18 optimizes safety, efficiency, and resilience. If possible, the duration of the sample period is reconstructed. In this example, power controller 1 If 8 detects an exceedance of the limit, the duration of the subsequent sample period will be different. This can be used. For example, when the voltage change or voltage gradient is too small. If the limit is exceeded, a longer sample period will be used in the next sample period. This increases the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement. Depending on how it is defined, this reconstruction adjusts the limits to match the new duration elements. It needs to be adjusted.

[0049] The examples detailed above, including reconstructing the bias level and reconstructing the sample period length, Even in these cases, it is common practice to use the most extreme bias level and the longest sample period. There are reasons why this is not always desirable. When reconfiguring the bias level, the electrostatic capacitance of the transmission line Because the quantity needs to be set to the configured bias level and then charged and discharged, the efficiency is It may decrease. In the case of a sample period, for longer sample periods, the load during the sample period may decrease. Larger and more expensive capacitors may be needed to maintain the voltage supply. In this case as well, due to the larger transient current that may result from turning it on again from a lower voltage, Electromagnetic compatibility issues may arise, which can lead to excessive noise generation, and the power controller 1 The proper operation of 8 or the load controller 19 or other external devices may be interfered with.

[0050] Figure 3 shows an example of switching between sets of limits, as illustrated by this first method. This demonstrates an initial trial when an incorrect voltage limit is configured. In the first sampling period B, the final voltage of decay is between the upper voltage limit 38 and the lower voltage limit 39. These limits are compared to the expected range. These limits are absolute limits or earlier in the sample period. While it may be relative to the point of sampling, the absolute limit or relative quantity is the transmission period. Determined before interval A. In this example, the final voltage of sample period B is determined at voltage limits 38 and 3 9 is included within, thereby turning switch (S1)3 and switch (S5)24 on again. It then continues to operate.

[0051] During sample period D in Figure 3, a negative bias is applied. During sample period B, A set is used that includes different voltage upper limit 40 and voltage lower limit 41. These limits are also This may be an absolute limit or a relative limit to a point in time during the sample period, These limits are determined before transmission period A. In this example, the final limit of sample period D. The voltage is outside the expected range. This indicates either a fault or a selection of different limits. This suggests that a choice must be made. As a result, switch (S1)3 and switch (S 5) 24 remains off, and the power controller 18 will be used after the next startup begins. Constitute a new set of limits. In this case, since the final voltage is higher than the voltage upper limit of 40, The power controller 18 has a larger inter-line capacitance than previously expected, and a smaller inter-line capacitance than previously expected. There may be inter-line resistance or both. The power controller 18 is therefore positive Higher limits are set for both sample periods B and D, which are subject to both normal and negative bias. To accomplish.

[0052] Figure 4 shows such subsequent trials after the completion of the trial shown in Figure 3. Although the same signal is shown, the voltage limits 42-45 are relative to the respective limits 38-41 in Figure 3. The voltage is increasing. In the sample period B of Figure 4, the final voltage is still above the voltage limit of 42. This indicates that it falls within the expected range between the lower limit of 43, but the final voltage is therefore, The voltage lower limit of 39 is closer to the voltage lower limit of 43 in Figure 3 than in the previous version. The sample period D of 4 is a new one where the final voltage is given by the upper voltage limit 44 and the lower voltage limit 45. This indicates that it falls within the expected range. As a result, the power controller 18 switches ( S1)3 and switch (S5)24 can be turned on again and continue operating.

[0053] In the second method, the voltage drop rate during the unbiased sampling period is used. Then, the following are the acceptable minimum and maximum voltages during the sample period to which the bias is applied. The rate of decline can be calculated. The next sample period to be biased is: The rate of decrease is compared with these acceptable minimum and acceptable maximum values, and operation can continue. Determine whether or not to continue operation. If operation can continue, the last measurement was taken with the bias applied. Using the measured voltage drop rate, the allowable voltage drop during the next unbiased sampling period is calculated. The minimum and maximum acceptable speeds can be calculated. This can be done alternately in this manner. Continued, at any point in time, a fault already exists and it is used in alternating bias Therefore, the power controller 18 does not set an acceptable limit when no detection occurs. This can be made certain.

[0054] When bias is applied and when it is not [for example, resistor 12 and switch 13 The relationship between the limits of [through] can be calculated using known electrical circuit analysis methods. In the example, when resistor 12 is used as the bias, the circuit is common in electrical engineering. Thus, it can be represented as an RC attenuation circuit. This circuit represents the equivalent inter-line electrostatic charge at a given time. The voltage through the capacitance is measured by the initial voltage through the equivalent inter-line capacitance, the equivalent inter-line resistance, and the combined This shows a known relationship relating to the equivalent line capacitance. The equivalent line capacitance is a capacitor. 7. Includes capacitor 9 and any other capacitances that may be in parallel. The equivalent line resistance is , including resistor 8, resistor 6 and any other resistors that may be in parallel, such as a line fault resistor. This formula has a known value for the bias resistor 12, which is paired in parallel with the inter-line capacitance. It can be formed in the case of and without, resulting in two unknowns, namely bias resistor 12 Two equations are obtained that include the equivalent line resistance and equivalent line capacitance, excluding the one shown above. The unknowns are solved by algebraic means. Therefore, with this set of two equations, algebraic The operation involves comparing desired terms, such as line resistance and capacitance, to limits for failure testing. We can construct these two sets of expressions for this purpose. As a result of this algebraic operation, these The primary motivation for constructing the limits is that the resistance range between zero and the explicitly stated upper threshold is zero. It is mathematically guaranteed that the constructed limits will always be exceeded for all larger capacitance values. The goal is to ensure that it is done correctly. Similar techniques can be used with other forms of bias, such as a constant current source or It can also be applied to constant current sinks. In this case, the limits are restructured on a pulse-pulse basis. If done, this bias can be reconfigured on a pulse-pulse basis, and the signal quality can be improved. It can be maximized. Reconfiguring the bias within the same off-time improves signal quality, the same Obtain all the necessary measurements to make a decision based on the information obtained within a given time, or both. That would also be possible.

[0055] Figure 5 shows an example of this second method, where the limit is compared to the voltage gradient limit (volts per second). These limits are checked and redefined on a pulse-pulse basis. Sample period In B, the power controller is configured such that the voltage gradient upper limit 47 and the voltage gradient lower limit 48 are shown. Next, we make an initial estimate of the limit that should be used as the expected range of the gradient. In this example, the actual electricity The pressure gradient 46 was not included in that range. The power controller 18 switched (S1 )3 and switch (S5)24 are turned on again, allowing a second check to be performed at a later time. This is done within a sample period D where a negative bias is applied. Voltage gradient 49 By the time this is checked, the power controller 18 has checked the actual power from sample period B. A sample given by the voltage gradient upper limit 50 and voltage gradient lower limit 51, using a pressure gradient 46. Calculate the expected range for period D. In this example, the actual voltage gradient 49 is marked at 50 and 51. This is included in the expected range. The power controller 18 then switches (S1) 3 Then switch (S5)24 is turned on again, followed by another sampling period F, where, Similar to sample period B, no bias is applied. When the voltage gradient 52 is checked. By then, the power controller 18 uses the actual voltage gradient 49 from the sample period D, The expected range of the sampling period F is given by the upper voltage gradient limit 53 and the lower voltage gradient limit 54. Calculate. Assuming no faults exist, the signal does not change significantly from the sampling period B, and the voltage gradient limit... If the mathematical calculation is correct, the power controller 18 will determine that the actual voltages 52, 53, and 54 It was concluded that it was within the expected range marked by switch (S1)3 and switch (S5) Enable the 24 to be turned on again. As long as the operating conditions and fault-free status continue, The operation is a sequence defined by transmission period C, sample period D, transmission period E, and sample period F. It continues in this state and is eventually stopped by user intervention or other means.

[0056] Figure 6 shows the same approach as Figure 5, but with the presence of a cross-line fault. In section 6, the sample period indicates an initial check, where the power controller 18 performs the following: The initial predicted range was determined, which corresponds to the upper voltage gradient limit 47 and the lower voltage gradient limit 48 in Figure 5, respectively. It is given by the possible upper limit 56 and lower limit 57 of the voltage gradient. In this case, actually The voltage gradient 55 is considerably lower than the lower limit of the voltage gradient 57 due to the presence of a cross-line fault. The power controller 18 turns switch (S1) 3 and switch (S5) 24 back on. The results will be verified in subsequent checks during sample period D. The voltage gradient 58 is checked. By the time it is checked, the power controller 18 has measured the actual voltage gradient from sample period B. Using 55, the sample period D is given by the voltage gradient upper limit 59 and the voltage gradient lower limit 60. Calculate the expected range. In this example, due to a cross-line fault, the actual voltage gradient 58 is Still from the expected range boundaries marked by the upper and lower voltage gradient limits of 59 and 60 It will come off. These limits 59 and 60 have been calculated, and therefore the smallest inter-line resistance fault Since it is always detected, the fact that it failed this second check indicates that the power controller Regarding 18, it is suggested that a cross-line resistance failure is possible, and the power controller 18 As specified by standards and other safety guidelines, the power controller 18 Until it is possible to check for the presence of a fault again, the transmission lines 77 and 78 Leave the power outage.

[0057] Modified forms that mix elements of the first and second methods may also be implemented. For example, the first method An approach that uses a set of limits stipulated by law, the voltage applied to transmission lines 77 and 78 These can be used in combination with reconfiguring these sets without turning them off, The set includes a sample period that is not biased and a sample period that is biased. It provides both upper and lower bounds between them. When a set is reconstructed, all four limits are provided. They are reconfigured simultaneously, and unless the power controller 18 detects a failure in advance, at least The following two sample periods are used. The power controller 18 is used when it goes outside its boundary. Whenever a sample period is detected, this is then used in the next possible interval. You can set the flag to reconfigure the limit set. The last three sun If there are signals in the two pull periods that fall outside their upper and lower limits, the power controller 18 If a malfunction is detected, the device will not be turned on again until the malfunction is resolved. Ideally, the power supply should be... Trolla 18 uses the same calculation method as described in the second method before reconstructing the next set of limits. Perform calculations to estimate the ideal set to be used. Alternatively, the power controller 18 is new. When the power controller 18 determines that a set of limits is needed, it sequentially sets the limits. It can be performed, and still two of the last three sample periods are outside the given limits. The logic is to turn it off if it's enabled.

[0058] When choosing how to implement the system, it is important to consider the operating voltage and potential fault current. Yes. Higher voltage, longer transmission period, or both, reduces the risk of ventricular fibrillation (VF). It may be unacceptable to generate a large number of pulses. In this case, the second The method may not be a usable solution. The risks of these VFs are acceptable. If the performance is low, a second method may be preferred to improve uptime and reliability.

[0059] In the third method, the operating parameters are automatically set in a constant safety sequence for safety, efficiency, and reliability. It can be configured to optimize one or more elements of resilience. Then, the power controller 18 will either stop operating due to a malfunction or while operating, and a new It is possible to configure various operating parameters, which may require new limits depending on the implementation. It is possible. Using the new operating parameters, the measured signal can perform control, or Different measurement techniques to introduce new effects to the signal or improve the signal quality It will be changed depending on whether it is provided or not.

[0060] Figure 7 shows how the magnitude of the bias optimizes operation in a fault-free, always-safe sequence. Here is an example of how the magnitude of the bias can be adapted. In the first sample period B in the figure, the negative bias An axle is applied, and as a result, the actual voltage gradient 61 is the upper voltage gradient 62 and the lower voltage gradient 63 It is lower than the acceptable range determined by this. Thus the actual voltage gradient 61 is acceptable The drop below a certain range can be caused by various factors, such as the presence of a cross-line resistor fault. This can be obtained by, for example, the cross-line capacitance being lower than expected. Power Controller 1 8 turns on switches (S1)3 and (S5)24 again, and the sample period D The results will be verified in subsequent checks. The actual voltage gradient 64 is the voltage gradient limit 65 and 6 Because it is included in 6, the power controller 18 identifies that there is no critical cross-line resistor failure. It is possible. The power controller 18 detects smaller vias during the subsequent sampling period F. A small bias can be used. With this small bias, the voltage drop over the sample period Compared to B, it is smaller, thereby improving electromagnetic compatibility, reliability, and efficiency. This can lead to a decrease in blood flow spikes and a cumulative effect on the heart that increases the risk of ventricular fibrillation. Advantages are provided, such as further avoidance of lower voltage thresholds. , the actual voltage gradient 67 is within the allowable limits 68 and 69 due to a smaller bias. It falls within the range of capability. The magnitude of this new bias is new for proceeding with a constantly safe sequence. The calculation of the voltage gradient limits is retrigged, and limits 68 and 69, limits 71 and 72 or both limits are... This can be achieved by reconstructing the boundary pairs.

[0061] Figure 8 shows an example of how the duration of the sample period can be continuously adapted using a safety sequence. During sample period B, the final voltage of the decay may fall outside the expected range between limits 73 and 74. This could be due to a cross-line impedance fault, for example, This could be due to a low signal-to-noise ratio, where the signal is slightly outside the expected range. This can cause problems. The power controller controls switches (S1)3 and (S5)24. Turn it back on and run a longer sample period in the subsequent sample period D. A longer sampling period is expected to result in larger voltage changes. Such increases enable higher-precision measurements and failure limit comparisons by the power controller. This allows for verification of whether there is actually a malfunction. The final voltage limit is 75 If it falls within the expected range between and 76, the power controller will re Returning to a shorter sample duration, we can improve efficiency among the system performance parameters. It can be raised.

[0062] This involves adapting the magnitude of the bias and the duration of the sample period. In both of these examples, these adaptations do not reconfigure the limits being checked. It can be done in this way. For example, the voltage gradient or voltage magnitude can be the limit to be checked. Instead of comparing sizes, the power controller checks the limits of cross-line impedance. -Dance can be used. This cross-line impedance limit is these movements It can be set to a limit that does not need to be changed based on the modification. For example, the human body Based on the data available in P-Dance, all human bodies within the constructed statistical distribution are detected. Limits can be set so that they are included within the range. Therefore, the limits do not need to be reconfigured. It is not necessary, and instead, the change in operation is incorporated into the calculation from the measured values. Calculation speed, calculation accuracy and And sufficient support for other forms of constraints that a person skilled in the art would generally appreciate during the selection of components. The power controller has a duration for a new bias level or a new sample period. The measured cross-line impedance can be incorporated into its calculation.

[0063] Overview, Derivatives, and Scope These same techniques apply to load controllers in the same way that they were applied to power controllers. It can be applied to rollers. For example, a load controller measures the operation of a power line and communicates This indicates whether digital power transmission to the power controller can be continued using Link 22. It is possible.

[0064] These same techniques can be performed by analyzing current instead of voltage. For example Then, during the off-time, current from two different bias resistors is used to control the static current between transmission lines in the circuit. By estimating the current capacity and other inter-transmission line resistances, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a fault. These measurements The bias, or both, leads to the estimation of smaller or larger inter-line capacitance. It can be increased or decreased appropriately depending on the situation.

[0065] The initial estimate at the limit described in the second method can be set in several ways. One example of how to do this is to do it within the power controller via firmware or similar means. This involves setting certain defaults. Another example is using this initial estimation in several preliminary tests. Based on this, for example, it is set from past operation or startup mode. It can maintain the voltage at a safe level, or it can exceed this safety threshold and be fully functional. To respond at voltage levels lower than the peak levels used during operation, a longer time is required. It may be provided. If a longer period is given, it may be as described herein or otherwise. Calibration is performed using methods known to the industry, for example, cross-line capacitance and resistance are estimated. This allows us to calculate an initial estimate of the limit.

[0066] In Figures 5 and 6, the voltage gradient limit is shown as a linear slope. These limits Other ways to set this include using curves and other nonlinear functions for the upper and lower bounds, respectively. It's possible. For example, the RC-attenuation formula has a relationship between voltage and time that is exponentially decaying. This function is known to be used to calculate the upper and lower bounds.

[0067] In all the transmission line resistance fault detection methods described, the voltage drop rate is directly proportional to the limit. It can be compared. Instead of or in addition to a direct comparison of the voltage drop rate, the voltage drop rate The degree is used to calculate a value that indicates the impedance between transmission lines, including resistance and capacitance. Therefore, the limit values ​​are applied to these impedance values.

[0068] In the case of detecting impedance faults between transmission lines, other known methods for measuring impedance The method can be used. For example, the carrier wave transformation disclosed in Weiss 930 The impedance between transmission lines can be determined using a detection method. Therefore, this can be used Limits can be set, and the automatic range setting method described herein can be used.

[0069] Limit reconstruction is described herein as an automated operation performed by the processor. In this regard, unless otherwise specified, the terms "to compose" and "to reconstruct" are used. The term can refer to conditional logic that loads a specific value from a specific memory location, but initially It can also refer to unconditional logic branches, such as when default values ​​are loaded.

[0070] Computer implementation Controllers 18 and 19 are microprocessors for executing control algorithms. , microcontroller, programmable logic device or other suitable digital circuit This may take the form of a computer including logic devices such as configurations, and the system and method of this disclosure The law may be implemented in a computing system environment. Use of this system and method A well-known computing system environment and its components that may be suitable for Examples of devices include personal computers, server computers, handheld or laptop computers. Top devices, tablet devices, smartphones, multiprocessor systems, Cross-processor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics Equipment, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, the above systems This includes distributed computing environments that include either a system or a device, but Logic device components include computer processors, Computer-readable storage media that function as memory, and various system components including memory. This may include, but is not limited to, a system bus that connects the network to the computer processor. It is not determined.

[0071] The method involves non-temporary computer executable instructions stored in memory, such as program instructions. It can be executed via a computer processor that accesses Joules. Generally, Ram modules are routines that perform specific tasks or implement specific types of data. This includes things like programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. The method is This can also be done in a distributed computing environment, in which case the task involves a communication network. It is executed by a remote processing unit linked through it.

[0072] In describing embodiments in this specification, specific terminology is used for clarity. For explanatory purposes, specific terms are used to mean at least similar results. It is intended to include technical and functional equivalents that operate in the manner described. In addition, in particular embodiments In some examples, which include multiple system elements or method steps, these elements or steps A step can be replaced by an element or step. Similarly, an element or step can be replaced by an element or step. A "p" can be replaced by multiple elements or steps that serve the same purpose. Furthermore, various special features If the parameters or other values ​​of the nature are explicitly stated herein in relation to embodiments, these parameters Meters or values ​​are 1 / 100, 1 / 50, 1 / 20, 1 / 1 unless otherwise specified. 0, 1 / 5, 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 2 / 3, 3 / 4, 4 / 5, 9 / 10, 19 / 20, 49 / Only 50, 99 / 100 etc. are moved up or down (or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 20, (By adding a coefficient such as 50, 100, etc. upwards) or by rounding it up or by the specified parameter It can be adjusted within the range of any of the above variables above or below (for example, explicitly stated If the parameter is 100 and the variable is 1 / 100, the value of the parameter is 0.99. (Possibly within the range of ~1.01). Furthermore, consecutive prefixes are added for easier reference. Whether or not, when describing a method in a specific order and steps / stages If it is explained, unless otherwise specified or implied by the terms and phrases, that step / The stages are not to be interpreted as being temporally limited to the order in which they are described. ru.

[0073] Additional examples that conform to this instruction are listed in the numbered items below: 1. One or more transmission channels, each transmission channel having a power line A digital power system including one or more transmission channels that manages ket energy transmission. Optimize at least one element selected from safety, efficiency, and resilience in the system. A method for automatically configuring a set of packet energy transmission operation parameters, which is always It is executed in a time-safe sequence, a) Limitations for packet energy transmission operations that do not immediately negate the safe operation of power lines. The steps that make up the set, and each limit within the set is the following parameter: transmission line and direct The impedance of a row or parallel, the operating efficiency of a digital power system, and the voltage or current signal. Constraints for at least one measurement and calculation based on at least one of the integrity standards To define, steps, b) A step of measuring the operating characteristics of the power transmission line and comparing the measured values ​​with limits, c) When at least one of the limits is exceeded, the change is made based on which limit was exceeded. A step to automatically configure the updated set of limits, d) Until an acceptable operating range is identified, or until a predetermined time limit is exceeded, (b ) and (c) are repeated steps A method that includes this. 2. When the limit is exceeded, the step of stopping the operation of the power transmission line, After the modified set of limits is configured, the steps to restart the operation of the power lines and The method of paragraph 1, further including the following. 3. The modified set of limits is configured after at least one of the limits has been exceeded, and power transmission The operation of the line is such that at least one of its exceeded limits is not exceeded by a predetermined maximum value. The method of paragraph 1, which is not interrupted as long as it is not interrupted. 4. Delay the configuration of the changed set of limits for a predetermined period of time, until the set of limits has been changed once or Paragraph 3 further includes a step that allows for confirmation that it has been passed multiple times. Law. 5. The changed set of limits should be at least partially equal to the previous limit values, the most recent measurement, or both. The method of paragraph 3 or 4, further comprising the step of calculating based on the target. 6. Each set of limits must have at least the voltage drop during the unbiased sampling period. The limits of the biased sampling period and the limits of the voltage drop during the biased sampling period, whichever of items 1 to 5 applies. or the method described in item 1. 7. The voltage drop limit is determined by the detection capability of the digital power system when the inter-line resistance of the transmission line falls within a predetermined range. The method of paragraph 6, configured to ensure that it is inside. 8. The predetermined time limit is a calculated value corresponding to the magnitude by which at least one of the limits is exceeded. , any one of the methods described in items 1 through 7. 9. One or more transmission channels, each transmission channel having a power line A digital power system including one or more transmission channels that manages ket energy transmission. Optimize at least one element selected from safety, efficiency, and resilience in the system. A method for automatically configuring a set of packet energy transmission operation parameters, which is always It is executed in a time-safe sequence, a) Conforms to the configured limits and does not immediately preclude secure packet energy transmission operation. A step of configuring at least one control device and measuring device for the operation of a power transmission line. Each limit is determined by the following parameters: impedance in series or parallel with the transmission line, digital Based on the operating efficiency of the power system and at least one of the voltage or current signal integrity. A step that defines constraints for at least one of measurement and calculation, b) Measure the characteristics of the transmission line during packet energy transmission operation and compare the measured values ​​to limits. Steps and c) When at least one of the limits is exceeded, which limit was exceeded, and previously Based on compliance with either established or newly configured limitations, the control device and A step of automatically configuring the measuring device to at least one new configuration, d) Until an acceptable range of operation is identified, or until it is determined that operation is not permissible due to a malfunction. The steps of (b) and (c) are repeated until the connection is broken. A method that includes this. 10. When the limit is exceeded, the packet energy transmission operation is stopped. After at least one new configuration of the control device and measuring device is configured, operation is resumed. Step and The method of paragraph 9, further including the above. 11. At least one new configuration of a control device and measuring device exceeds the existing limits After one limit is exceeded, the packet energy transmission operation is configured so that the existing limit is exceeded for a predetermined period. Or the method of paragraph 9, which continues unless it exceeds a predetermined value. 12. Delay the configuration of at least one new configuration of the control device and measuring device for a predetermined period of time. This allows for steps to improve safety, efficiency, and resilience in digital power systems. The method of paragraph 11, further including p. 13. At least one new configuration of the control device and measuring device is provided by the configuration and measuring device. Any one of terms 9-12, which is constructed as a result of a calculation based on at least one measurement. The method. 14. Each of at least one components of the control device and measuring device shall not function when the power line is not energized. During at least one sample period for the measurements to be taken, the following is applied to the power lines Any method from items 9 to 13, which involves reconstructing one bias level. 15. Each of at least one components of the control device and measuring device shall be a sample period for measurement This includes reconfiguring the length, which is done when the power lines are de-energized. , any one of the methods described in paragraphs 9 through 14. 16. The length of the sample period was reconstructed without reconstructing the length of the entire period. The method of paragraph 15 includes a continuous sampling period and a transmission period. 17. The length of the sample period is such that the transmission line operates under the same duty cycle or It is reconfigured along with the reconfiguration of the transmission period, which is energized in one of the different duty cycles. , the method described in paragraph 15. 18. Each configuration of at least one control device and measuring device shall have different sensor configurations, hardware The configuration of a wearable or software filter, including at least resolution, topology, and speed. The configuration of the analog-to-digital conversion configuration and the different samples used for analysis. Reconstructing at least one of the components of a busset, or any one of paragraphs 9-17 method.

[0074] The present invention is illustrated and described in relation to its specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand this. Without departing from the scope of the invention, various substitutions and modifications of the form and details may be made. It will be found that this can be obtained. Furthermore, other embodiments, functions and advantages are also included in the scope of the present invention. Not all embodiments of the present invention necessarily realize all of the aforementioned benefits or possess all of the aforementioned features. It is not necessary to do so. Furthermore, the steps, elements and The features and characteristics may be used in relation to other embodiments as well. References cited throughout this text The contents of the references, including literature, articles, patents, patent applications, etc., are for reference only for any purpose. The entirety of these references and embodiments from this disclosure are incorporated herein by reference. Any suitable combination of features, characterizations, and methods may be included in embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the components and steps specified in the background section are part of this disclosure. Within the scope of the invention, together with the components and steps described in any part of this disclosure It can be used as a substitute for or instead of.

Claims

1. One or more transmission channels, each transmission channel having packets on its respective transmission line A digital power system including one or more transmission channels that manages net energy transmission. Optimize at least one element selected from safety, efficiency, and resilience in this context. A method for automatically configuring a set of packet energy transmission operation parameters, which is always It is executed in a safe sequence. e) Limitations for packet energy transmission operations that do not immediately jeopardize the safe operation of the power lines. A step of forming a set, wherein each limit in the set is the following parameter: The impedance in series or parallel with the transmission line, the operating efficiency of the digital power system and the At least one measurement and calculation based on at least one of pressure or current signal integrity Steps that define constraints for, f) A step of measuring the characteristics of the operation of the power transmission line and comparing the measured value with the limit; 、 g) When at least one of the limits is exceeded, based on which limit was exceeded. , a step to automatically configure the changed set of limits, h) Until an acceptable operating range is identified, or until a predetermined time limit is exceeded, (b) (c) and (c) are repeated steps A method that includes this.

2. When the aforementioned limit is exceeded, the steps include stopping the operation of the power transmission line, The step of restarting the operation of the power line after the set of modified limits has been configured. and The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The modified set of limits is configured after at least one of the limits has been exceeded. The operation of the power transmission line is limited to when at least one of the exceeded limits exceeds a predetermined maximum value. The method according to claim 1, which is not interrupted unless otherwise specified.

4. The configuration of the modified set of limits is delayed for a predetermined period of time, and the set of limits The further step includes a step that makes it possible to confirm that the gate is passed once or more times. The method according to claim 3.

5. The aforementioned modified set of limits is applied to at least part of the previous limit values, recent measurements, or both. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of calculating based on fractions.

6. Each set of limits is at least the voltage drop during the unbiased sampling period. The method according to claim 1, including a limit and a limit on the voltage drop during the biased sampling period. Law.

7. The voltage drop limit is determined by the digital power system when the inter-line resistance of the transmission line falls within a predetermined range. The method according to claim 6, configured to ensure that it is within the detection capability.

8. The predetermined time limit is a calculated value corresponding to the magnitude by which at least one of the limits is exceeded. The method according to claim 1.

9. One or more transmission channels, each transmission channel having packets on its respective transmission line A digital power system including one or more transmission channels that manages net energy transmission. Optimize at least one element selected from safety, efficiency, and resilience in this context. A method for automatically configuring a set of packet energy transmission operation parameters, which is always It is executed in a safe sequence. a) Not immediately preclude packet energy transmission operation that conforms to the configured limits and is secure. Steps to configure at least one of a control device and a measuring device for the operation of the power transmission line. Each limit is determined by the following parameters: the impedance in series or parallel with the transmission line, At least the operating efficiency and voltage or current signal integrity of the said digital power system A step that defines constraints for at least one of the measurements and calculations based on one, b) Measure the characteristics of the transmission line during packet energy transmission operation, and set the measured values ​​to the limits. The comparison step, c) When at least one of the limits is exceeded, which limit was exceeded, and previously Based on compatibility with the limits configured or newly configured, the control A step of automatically configuring the apparatus and the measuring apparatus to at least one new configuration, d) Until an acceptable range of operation is identified, or until it is determined that operation is not permissible due to a malfunction. The steps of (b) and (c) are repeated until the connection is broken. A method that includes this.

10. When the aforementioned limit is exceeded, the packet energy transmission operation is stopped. After the at least one of the new configurations of the control device and measuring device is configured, Steps to resume operation and The method according to claim 9, further comprising:

11. The at least one of the new configurations of the control device and measuring device is limited to the existing limitations The packet energy transmission operation is configured after at least one of the existing The limit continues unless it is exceeded for a predetermined period or by a predetermined value, as described in claim 9. Method of loading.

12. The configuration of the control device and measuring device, at least one of the new configurations, is predetermined By delaying for a period of time, the safety, efficiency, and resilience of the digital power system will be improved. The method according to claim 11, further comprising the step of improving.

13. The control device and measuring device, the at least one of the new configurations, the configuration and the previous Claim 9 Methods used.

14. Each of the at least one components of the control device and the measuring device is configured such that the power transmission line is energized. During at least one sample period for the measurement, when the power transmission is not being performed, Claim 9 includes reconfiguring at least one bias level applied to the line. Method of loading.

15. Each of the at least one components of the control device and the measuring device is a service for the measurement. This includes reconfiguring the length of the sample period, wherein the power line is de-energized. The method according to claim 9, which is performed when

16. The length of the sample period is reconstructed without reconstructing the length of the entire period. The method according to claim 15, wherein the body includes a continuous sampling period and a transmission period.

17. The length of the sample period is such that the transmission line operates in the same duration as the transmission line. Reconfiguration of the transmission period, which is energized in either one duty cycle or a different duty cycle. The method according to claim 15, which is reconstructed together.

18. Each of the configurations of the at least one control device and measuring device may have different sensor configurations and hardware The configuration of a wearable or software filter, including at least resolution, topology, and speed. The configuration of the analog-to-digital conversion configuration and the different samples used for analysis. The method according to claim 9, comprising reconfiguring at least one of the components of a busette.

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