Battery processing method and battery processing system

Abstract

This invention provides a battery processing method and a battery processing system that can efficiently recover lithium from lithium-ion batteries. [Solution] A battery processing method for processing a lithium-ion battery comprising a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, comprising: a first step of charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material; a second step of raising the temperature of the lithium-ion battery; and a third step of charging the lithium-ion battery again while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery processing method and a battery processing system.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the adoption of lithium-ion batteries as in-vehicle batteries for electric vehicles such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles has been expanding. Lithium-ion batteries contain valuable substances containing lithium. It is required to recycle resources by recycling valuable substances from used lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a method of recovering lithium from a positive electrode material after increasing the amount of lithium contained in the positive electrode material by discharging a used lithium-ion battery.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The positive electrode material is generally composed of a current collector foil such as aluminum and a positive electrode active material formed thereon. The positive electrode active material contains valuable substances such as nickel, manganese, and cobalt in the case of a ternary system (NMC), for example. To recover valuable substances from the positive electrode active material, the positive electrode material is baked with a reducing agent and pulverized, and then a black mass containing the positive electrode active material is sorted. Next, the black mass is subjected to solvent extraction step by step to sequentially extract manganese, cobalt, and nickel, and finally lithium is extracted. Therefore, it has been particularly laborious to recover lithium.

[0006] The object of this invention is to provide a battery processing method and a battery processing system that can efficiently recover lithium from lithium-ion batteries. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] One aspect of the present invention is, A battery processing method for processing a lithium-ion battery containing a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, The first step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, The second step is to return the lithium-ion battery to room temperature, A third step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it again to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material. The present invention provides a battery processing method that includes [a specific component]. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, lithium can be efficiently recovered from the negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] A schematic block diagram illustrating the reuse system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] A perspective view showing the schematic configuration of a lithium-ion battery. [Figure 3] A cross-sectional view showing the general configuration of a battery cell. [Figure 4] A flowchart illustrating the general process of reusing lithium-ion batteries. [Figure 5] A schematic diagram illustrating an example of a cooling device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] A graph showing the relationship between the charge rate relative to the State of Charge (SOC) and the ease of lithium deposition at different cooling temperatures. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The inventors have diligently conducted research to efficiently recover lithium from lithium-ion batteries and have discovered that lithium can be efficiently recovered from lithium-ion batteries by intentionally inducing lithium deposition (e.g., dendrites), which is undesirable in normal charging reactions, on the negative electrode material. Based on this finding, the inventors have completed a battery processing method that can efficiently recover lithium from lithium-ion batteries.

[0011] A method for reusing lithium-ion batteries according to one embodiment of the present invention is: A battery processing method for processing a lithium-ion battery containing a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, The first step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, The second step is to return the lithium-ion battery to room temperature, A third step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it again to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material. It includes.

[0012] [First Embodiment] Hereinafter, a lithium-ion battery reuse system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a lithium-ion battery reuse system 200. As shown in Figure 1, the reuse system 200 includes a reuse unit 10 that reuses a lithium-ion battery 1 that has been used primarily in, for example, an electric vehicle, and a recycling unit 20 that recovers lithium from the reused lithium-ion battery 1.

[0013] The reuse unit 10 reuses the once - used lithium - ion battery 1 as a power storage device. Generally, for a lithium - ion battery used in an electric vehicle, the degradation state is determined based on the State Of Health (SOH), which indicates how much capacity there is compared to, for example, when it is new at full charge. When the lithium - ion battery 1 is determined to be not suitable for use in an electric vehicle based on the degree of degradation, it is removed from the vehicle and used in the reuse unit 10 as a power storage device for various secondary uses such as storing renewable energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation, or as a backup power source during disasters. For example, when the SOH becomes 70% or less, it may be determined that it is not suitable for primary use, that is, for use in an electric vehicle.

[0014] The reuse unit 10 includes the lithium - ion battery 1 reused as a power storage device, a charging device 12, and a cooling and temperature - rising device 201. The charging device 12 is configured to adjust the voltage and current so that the lithium - ion battery 1 can be charged in an arbitrary charging pattern. For example, the lithium - ion battery 1 can be continuously charged at a predetermined voltage and current, and can also be intermittently charged (also called pulse charging) at a predetermined voltage and current. The upper limit of the charging voltage by the charging device 12 is below the withstand voltage of the lithium - ion battery 1, for example, 4.3V or less.

[0015] When the lithium - ion battery 1 is determined to be not suitable for proper use even in the above - mentioned secondary use, for example, based on the SOH, the recycling unit 20 includes a disassembling device 21 that disassembles the lithium - ion battery 1 into a positive electrode material 31, a negative electrode material 35, etc. through a lithium precipitation process described later, an extraction device 22 that extracts lithium from the disassembled negative electrode material 35, and a recovery device 23 that recovers the extracted lithium. For example, when the SOH becomes 40% or less, it may be determined that it is not suitable for proper use even in secondary use.

[0016] FIG. 2 schematically shows a lithium-ion battery 1 mounted on an electric vehicle. The lithium-ion battery 1 is composed of battery modules 4 incorporating functions such as a charge / discharge circuit, a cooling mechanism, etc., and further, a plurality of battery modules 4 are connected to each other and housed in a case to form a battery pack. The battery module 4 is composed of a plurality of battery cells 3 connected in series or parallel to each other, and is adjusted to a desired capacity and voltage.

[0017] The lithium-ion battery 1 is a rechargeable lithium-ion secondary battery. In this specification, the term "lithium-ion battery" may collectively refer to battery cells, battery modules, and battery packs unless otherwise specified.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the battery cell 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the battery cell 3 according to this embodiment is a laminate type. The battery cell 3 has a laminated electrode body 38 in which a positive electrode material 31, a separator 34, and a negative electrode material 35 are laminated in this order in the lamination direction A, and a case 4o that houses the laminated electrode body 38.

[0019] In this embodiment, the laminated electrode body 38 is composed of a plurality of sets of positive electrode material 31, separator 34, and negative electrode material 35 laminated in the lamination direction A. The battery cell 3 has an elongated rectangular shape in the width direction B when viewed from the lamination direction A.

[0020] The positive electrode material 31 has a positive electrode current collector 32 and a positive electrode active material 33 disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 32 facing the separator 34. The plurality of positive electrode current collectors 32 have a positive electrode current collecting end portion 32a connected to each other at one end portion (the left side in FIG. 3) in the width direction B orthogonal to the lamination direction. For the positive electrode current collector 32, a metal foil suitable for the positive electrode can be preferably used. For the positive electrode active material 33, a material used as the positive electrode active material of a lithium-ion secondary battery can be used. In this embodiment, the positive electrode current collector 32 is made of aluminum, and the positive electrode active material 33 is made of NMC (nickel, manganese, cobalt).

[0021] The negative electrode material 35 comprises a negative electrode current collector 36 and a negative electrode active material 37 disposed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 36 facing the separator 34. Multiple negative electrode current collectors 36 have negative electrode current collector ends 36a that are connected to each other at their other ends (right side in Figure 3) in the width direction B. A metal foil suitable for a negative electrode can preferably be used for the negative electrode current collector 36. A material used as a negative electrode active material for lithium-ion secondary batteries can be used for the negative electrode active material 37. In this embodiment, the negative electrode current collector 36 is made of copper, and the negative electrode active material 37 is a carbon material (graphite) with a layered structure.

[0022] The positive electrode active material 33 and the negative electrode active material 37 contain an electrolyte 39. The electrolyte 39 is, for example, an organic solvent on which lithium ions can move. In this embodiment, the electrolyte 39 contains dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and lithium hexafluoride phosphate (LiPF6) at a concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0023] The separator 34 is positioned between the positive electrode material 31 and the negative electrode material 35, physically and electrically separating them. The separator 34 may be a porous material having multiple minute pores through which lithium ions can pass. In this embodiment, the separator 34 is a porous membrane made of polyolefin.

[0024] Case 40 has a pair of first cases 41 and second cases 42 provided on both sides of the stacking direction A of the stacked electrode body 38. The first case 41 and the second case 42 are formed in a hat-shaped cross section. The first case 41 has a pair of flange portions 41a located at both ends in the width direction B, and a main body portion 41b located between the pair of flange portions 41a and bulging in a direction away from the second case 42 in the stacking direction A. Similarly, the second case 42 has a pair of flange portions 42a and a main body portion 42b bulging in a direction away from the first case 41.

[0025] Case 40 is formed by joining a first case 41 and a second case 42 with the positive electrode current collector end 32a and the negative electrode current collector end 36a sandwiched between their respective flange portions 41a and 42a. That is, with the laminated electrode body 38 housed in case 40, the positive electrode current collector end 32a and the negative electrode current collector end 36a are sandwiched between the pair of flange portions 41a and 42a, and the remaining portion of the laminated electrode body 38 is housed in the space defined between the pair of main body portions 41b and 42b. With the laminated electrode body 38 housed in case 40, it is pressed against the pair of main body portions 41b and 42b at a predetermined pressure in the stacking direction A. An example of the tab 43 according to the present invention is formed by the portion of the battery cell 3 sandwiched between the pair of flange portions 41a and 42a.

[0026] Next, the reuse of the lithium-ion battery 1 will be explained. Figure 4 is a flowchart that schematically shows the reuse process of the lithium-ion battery 1. As shown in Figure 4, if the lithium-ion battery 1 that was installed in the electric vehicle is determined to be in a deteriorated state that is unsuitable for use in the electric vehicle, for example based on the State of Health (SOH), a reuse process (step S1) is carried out. In reuse process S1, the lithium-ion battery 1 is removed from the electric vehicle and put to secondary use in the reuse unit 10.

[0027] When the lithium-ion battery 1 is used for secondary purposes and is determined to be in a predetermined state of degradation after being used as an energy storage device, the reuse section 10 performs a lithium deposition process (step S2) following the secondary use. In the lithium deposition process S2, the lithium-ion battery 1 is charged to deposit lithium onto the negative electrode material 35. The lithium deposition process S2 is performed as follows: The first step involves charging the lithium-ion battery 1 while cooling it to deposit lithium onto the negative electrode material 35, The second step involves raising the temperature of the lithium-ion battery 1, The third step involves charging the lithium-ion battery 1 while cooling it again to deposit lithium onto the negative electrode material 35. Includes.

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooling and heating device 201. Figure 5 also schematically shows the battery cell 3 that is cooled or heated by the cooling and heating device. As shown in Figure 5, the cooling and heating device 201 is provided in pairs on both sides of the stacking direction A of the battery cell 3. Alternatively, one side of the pair of cooling and heating devices 201 may be configured such that a single cooling and heating element covers the entire width direction B of the battery cell 3, or, as shown in Figure 5, it may be configured as multiple pairs of cooling and heating elements 202 divided along the width direction B of the battery cell 3. In this embodiment, there is a central cooling and heating element pair 202A that cools the central part 3a of the battery cell 3, and a cooling and heating element pair 202B and 202C that cool the side parts 3b and 3c of the battery cell 3. When the cooling and heating element pair 202 is divided, it is not limited to three, but may be divided into two or four or more. For example, by cooling the battery cell 3 using only the central cooling thermostat pair 202A, lithium is preferentially deposited in the negative electrode material 35 located in the central part rather than at the edges in the width direction B. Furthermore, the cooling thermostat is not limited to a pair configuration; for example, it may be placed only on one side of the stacking direction A (the upper or lower side in Figure 5).

[0029] The cooling and heating device 201 is not limited and may be any type of cooling and heating device. For example, a constant temperature bath may be used as the cooling and heating device 201. Alternatively, the cooling and heating device 201 may be a device comprising a cooling device and a heating device as separate devices. For example, cooling may be performed in a constant temperature bath and heating may be performed in an oven.

[0030] In the first step, the lithium-ion battery 1 is charged while being cooled under predetermined cooling conditions by the cooling and heating device 201. Here, the graph in Figure 6 shows the relationship between the charge rate relative to the State of Charge (SOC) and the ease of lithium deposition for each temperature. Specifically, lithium is more likely to be deposited on the negative electrode material 35 when charging is performed in the region above the curve at each temperature. SOC is an index that indicates the charge state of the battery, and represents the battery capacity when the fully charged state is 100% and the completely discharged state is 0%. As shown in Figure 6, lithium is more likely to be generated in the lithium-ion battery 1 as the SOC increases and / or as the temperature decreases.

[0031] Therefore, in the first step, the lithium-ion battery 1 is charged by the charging rate and cooling temperature at which lithium is deposited on the negative electrode material 35.

[0032] The cooling temperature varies depending on the operating environment and type of the lithium-ion battery 1. For example, if the lithium-ion battery 1 is a so-called capacity type (also called energy type) installed in an electric vehicle, the cooling temperature may be 20°C or lower, 10°C or lower, 0°C or lower, -5°C or lower, -10°C or lower, -20°C or lower, or -30°C or lower, and may be -50°C or higher, -40°C or higher, -30°C or higher, -25°C or higher, or -20°C or higher. From the viewpoint of reliably depositing lithium in the cooling portion, a temperature of -10°C or lower is preferred. In addition, to prevent lithium from depositing throughout the entire lithium-ion battery 1 due to excessive cooling, a cooling temperature of -50°C or higher, or -40°C or higher, is preferred. In one embodiment, the cooling temperature may be between -40°C and 10°C.

[0033] The cooling rate during cooling may be, for example, 0.1°C / min to 10°C / min. From the viewpoint of unevenly distributing lithium deposition, a cooling rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min is preferable. In this disclosure, "cooling rate" and "heating rate" are parameters based on the temperature inside the battery, not the ambient temperature.

[0034] Therefore, in the first step, the lithium-ion battery 1 is charged while being cooled. As a result, lithium can be deposited on a portion of the negative electrode material 35 even without high-rate charging, and the charging current can be reduced, thus saving energy.

[0035] In the lithium deposition step S2, the lithium-ion battery 1 only needs to be charged while it is cooled. The cooling of the lithium-ion battery 1 by the cooling and heating device 201 and the charging of the lithium-ion battery 1 by the charging device 12 may be started simultaneously, or one of them may be started first. That is, after cooling by the cooling and heating device 201 is performed, charging by the charging device 12 may be performed while the cooling state by the cooling and heating device 201 is maintained.

[0036] On the other hand, if the first step involves charging only a portion of the lithium-ion battery 1 while cooling it, and this is not high-rate charging, the normal charging reaction may proceed in the uncooled portion, which could suppress lithium deposition in the cooled portion. Therefore, charging may be performed using high-rate charging.

[0037] In this specification, high-rate charging refers to charging with a large current that intentionally generates lithium in the negative electrode material 35 during charging.

[0038] For example, if the lithium-ion battery 1 is a capacity type, it is preferable to charge it with a current of, for example, 2C or more. Also, if the lithium-ion battery 1 is a so-called high-output type (also called a power type) installed in a hybrid vehicle, it is preferable to charge it with a current of, for example, 10C or more. Here, a current of 1C means the current required to fully charge each lithium-ion battery in one hour. High-rate charging allows for more efficient deposition of lithium on the negative electrode material 35 by continuously charging over a predetermined period of time.

[0039] In this specification, a lithium-ion battery 1 is described as a capacity-type battery if its energy density is 600 Wh / L or higher. A lithium-ion battery 1 is described as a high-power type battery if its power density (kW / kg or kW / L) is 4000 kW / L or higher.

[0040] If the charging current becomes excessive due to high-rate charging, undesirable side reactions may occur, such as gasification of the electrolyte 39 due to heat generation, deformation and damage to each component, and excessive charging current is undesirable from the standpoint of energy saving. For example, if the lithium-ion battery 1 is a capacity type, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the charging current to about 3C. On the other hand, if the lithium-ion battery 1 is a high-output type, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the charging current to about 20C.

[0041] Next, in the second step, the lithium-ion battery 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature using a cooling and heating device 201. The lithium deposited on the negative electrode material 35 in the first step is ionized by the heating and absorbed by the negative electrode active material 37 (e.g., graphite) in the negative electrode material 35. At this time, the heating reduces the viscosity of the electrolyte 39 and increases the mobility of lithium ions, so that lithium ions are preferentially absorbed in the parts of the negative electrode active material 37 that have a larger lithium ion absorption capacity. Therefore, after the completion of the second step, a portion of the negative electrode active material 37 may have absorbed a larger amount of lithium ions than before the first step.

[0042] In the second step, it is preferable to raise the temperature to room temperature. In this specification, room temperature refers to a temperature within the range of 5°C to 35°C. Therefore, in the second step, the lithium-ion battery 1 may be heated to 5°C to 35°C, and preferably to 15°C to 25°C.

[0043] In the second step, the temperature increase may be performed by leaving the lithium-ion battery 1 in a room temperature environment for a certain period of time, or by heating. The heating method is not particularly limited, and heating may be performed by known methods such as a water bath or an oven.

[0044] The heating rate during heating may be, for example, 0.1°C / min to 20°C / min. From the viewpoint of unevenly distributing the final lithium deposition sites, a heating rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min is preferable.

[0045] Furthermore, in the second step, discharge may be performed while increasing the temperature. Discharging while increasing the temperature may improve the efficiency of charging performed in the subsequent third step. In this case, the discharge rate is not particularly limited, and for example, discharge may be performed at the same rate as the charging performed in the first step. Also, discharge is not limited to while increasing the temperature, and for example, discharge may be performed first in the second step and then the temperature may be increased, or discharge may be performed after the temperature has been increased. From the viewpoint of generating a normal discharge reaction in lithium-ion battery 1, it is preferable to perform the discharge while increasing the temperature or after increasing the temperature.

[0046] Next, in the third step, the lithium-ion battery 1 is charged while being cooled again, and lithium is deposited on the negative electrode material 35.

[0047] The charging and cooling conditions in the third step may be any of the conditions listed in the first step. Furthermore, the charging and cooling conditions in the third step may be different from those in the first step, depending on the degradation state of the battery, the state of lithium ion absorption in the negative electrode active material 37, etc. For example, in the third step, from the viewpoint of depositing more lithium than in the first step, the cooling temperature may be 1°C, 2°C, 3°C, 5°C, 7°C, or 10°C lower than in the first step.

[0048] Since some of the negative electrode active material 37 that has absorbed more lithium at the end of the second step is cooled in the third step, the amount of lithium deposited in that portion of the negative electrode active material 37 at the end of the third step may be greater than the amount of lithium deposited at the end of the first step. Therefore, through the first to third steps described above, lithium can be deposited throughout the entire negative electrode material 35, with the amount of lithium deposited in some parts of the negative electrode material 35 being greater than in other parts.

[0049] Next, the lithium-ion battery 1 is removed from the reuse section 10 and the battery dismantling process (step S3) is performed by the dismantling device 21. In the battery dismantling process, the lithium-ion battery 1 is dismantled into its constituent components, such as the positive electrode material 31, separator 34, negative electrode material 35, and case 40. If the intention is to recover only lithium, at least the negative electrode material 35 may be dismantled. The dismantling device 21 may be any device that automatically dismantles the lithium-ion battery 1. Alternatively, the lithium-ion battery 1 may be dismantled manually using tools or the like without using the dismantling device 21.

[0050] Next, a lithium extraction process (step S4) is carried out to extract lithium from the disassembled negative electrode material 35. In the lithium extraction process, the negative electrode current collector 36 and negative electrode active material 37 are removed from the negative electrode material 35 by leaching the negative electrode material 35 with water and then filtering it, and an aqueous solution containing lithium ions is extracted.

[0051] Furthermore, by selectively subjecting the portion of the disassembled negative electrode material 35 that has a larger amount of lithium deposited in the third or fourth step of the lithium deposition step S2 compared to other parts to the lithium extraction step S4, lithium can be extracted efficiently.

[0052] Finally, a lithium recovery step (step S5) is performed to recover lithium from the aqueous solution containing lithium ions. In the lithium recovery step, lithium is dissolved in carbonated water and then filtered to recover lithium as lithium carbonate.

[0053] As a result, since the negative electrode material 35 is generally constructed by laminating graphite in layers on a current collector foil made of, for example, copper, it contains fewer valuable substances compared to the positive electrode material 31, which contains multiple types of valuable substances such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese. Therefore, lithium can be efficiently recovered from the negative electrode material 35 without the need for stepwise solvent extraction of multiple types of valuable metals, as is required when recovering lithium from the positive electrode material 31.

[0054] In the first embodiment described above, the lithium-ion battery 1 is provided in the form of a battery pack in the reuse process S1, and then the lithium deposition process S2 is carried out as an example, but the invention is not limited to this. The lithium-ion battery 1 may be provided in the form of a battery module 4 or a battery cell 3 in the reuse process S1 and / or the lithium deposition process S2.

[0055] [Second Embodiment] The second embodiment differs in that a second lithium deposition step S12 is used instead of the lithium deposition step S2 according to the first embodiment. The second lithium deposition step S12 includes the first to third steps, similar to the lithium deposition step S2, and further includes a fourth step in which, after the third step, the lithium-ion battery is heated to room temperature, and then charged while being cooled to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, and this process is repeated at least once.

[0056] In the fourth step, heating, cooling, and charging may be carried out under the same conditions as those listed in the first to third steps. Furthermore, as in the second step, discharge may be performed while heating. Also, as in the second step, discharge may be performed during heating or before / after heating.

[0057] In the fourth step, heating, cooling, and charging are performed at least once. From the viewpoint of depositing more lithium on the negative electrode material 35 after the completion of the fourth step, the number of repetitions of heating, cooling, and charging may be 2 or more, 3 or more, 5 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, or 10 or more, and is preferably 3 or more. Furthermore, as the number of repetitions of heating, cooling, and charging increases, the amount of lithium ions that the negative electrode active material 37 can absorb during heating converges to a constant value, so an excessive number of repetitions leads to energy loss. Therefore, the number of repetitions may be 30 or less, 25 or less, 20 or less, 15 or less, 10 or less, or 8 or less, and is preferably 10 or less.

[0058] During the fourth step, the rising temperature causes the re-ionized lithium to be absorbed in the active region of the negative electrode active material 37 where lithium ion absorption capacity still remains. Subsequent cooling and charging further precipitate lithium, and by repeating the process of further heating and lithium ion absorption in the active region of the negative electrode active material 37, the total amount of lithium ions absorbed by the negative electrode active material 37 converges to a certain upper limit. Therefore, by repeating the heating, cooling, and charging process in the fourth step an appropriate number of times, more lithium can be deposited in the negative electrode material 35 compared to the case where only the first three steps are performed.

[0059] In the second embodiment described above, the lithium-ion battery 1 is provided in the form of a battery cell 3 in the reuse process S1, and then the second lithium deposition process S12 is carried out as an example, but the invention is not limited to this. The lithium-ion battery 1 may be provided in the form of a battery pack or battery module 4 in the reuse process S1 and / or the second lithium deposition process S12. In this case, a cooling and heating device 201 may be pre-built inside the battery pack or battery module 4.

[0060] The lithium-ion battery 1 reuse system 200 relating to this disclosure is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible.

[0061] In the above embodiment, a laminated lithium-ion battery was described as an example, but it is not limited to this. For example, a cylindrical or rectangular lithium-ion battery may be used, which is constructed by winding a strip-shaped laminated electrode body, in which a strip-shaped positive electrode material, a strip-shaped separator, and a strip-shaped negative electrode material are stacked in the stacking direction A, into a cylindrical or rectangular shape. In the case of cylindrical and rectangular batteries, the stacking direction corresponds to the radial direction perpendicular to the winding direction.

[0062] Although the explanation was given on a cell-by-cell basis, it can also be done on a module-by-module or battery pack-by-battery basis. If done on a battery pack basis, a pressing device, cooling device, etc. may be pre-installed inside the battery pack.

[0063] [Note] According to the lithium-ion battery 1 reuse system 200 relating to this disclosure, the following aspects are provided.

[0064] [Aspect 1] A battery processing method for processing a lithium-ion battery containing a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, The first step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, A second step of raising the temperature of the lithium-ion battery, A third step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it again to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material. A battery processing method, including the following.

[0065] [Aspect 2] In the first and / or third steps, cooling is performed at a rate of 0.1°C / min to 10°C / min. The battery processing method described in Embodiment 1.

[0066] [Aspect 3] In the second step described above, the temperature is raised by heating. A battery processing method according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.

[0067] [Aspect 4] In the second step described above, the temperature is increased at a rate of 0.1°C / min to 20°C / min. The battery processing method described in Embodiment 3.

[0068] [Aspect 5] In the second step described above, discharge is performed while the temperature is raised. A battery processing method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4.

[0069] [Aspect 6] In the first and / or third steps, charging is performed by high-rate charging. A battery processing method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5.

[0070] [Aspect 7] A fourth step is to raise the lithium-ion battery to a predetermined temperature after the third step, and then charge it while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, repeating this process at least once. A battery processing method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, further comprising the above.

[0071] [Aspect 8] A battery dismantling step, which involves dismantling at least the negative electrode material from the lithium-ion battery, A lithium extraction step for extracting lithium from the negative electrode material, A battery processing method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, further including the above.

[0072] [Aspect 9] In the lithium extraction step, lithium is selectively extracted from a specific part of the negative electrode material. The battery processing method described in embodiment 8.

[0073] [Aspect 10] A battery processing system for processing lithium-ion batteries, which include a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, A cooling device capable of cooling the lithium-ion battery and controlling between a cooled state and an uncooled state, A charging device that charges batteries and A battery processing system, including a battery processing system.

[0074] [Aspect 11] The lithium-ion battery and a heating device capable of raising the temperature The battery processing system according to embodiment 10, further comprising: [Explanation of Symbols]

[0075] 1. Lithium-ion battery 3 battery cells 4 Battery Modules 10. Reuse Department 12 Charging device 20 Recycling Department 21 Demolition equipment 22 Extraction device 23 Recovery device 31 Positive electrode material 34 Separator 35. Negative electrode material 38. Stacked electrode body 39 Electrolyte 40 cases 200 Reuse Systems 201 Cooling and heating device

Claims

1. A battery processing method for processing a lithium-ion battery containing a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, The first step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, A second step of raising the temperature of the lithium-ion battery, A third step involves charging the lithium-ion battery while cooling it again to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material. A battery processing method, including the following.

2. In the first and / or third steps, cooling is performed at a rate of 0.1°C / min to 10°C / min. The battery processing method according to claim 1.

3. In the second step described above, the temperature is raised by heating. The battery processing method according to claim 1.

4. In the second step, the temperature is raised at a rate of 0.1°C / min to 20°C / min. The battery processing method according to claim 3.

5. In the second step described above, discharge is performed while the temperature is raised. The battery processing method according to claim 1.

6. In the first and / or third steps, charging is performed by high-rate charging. The battery processing method according to claim 1.

7. A fourth step is to raise the lithium-ion battery to a predetermined temperature after the third step, and then charge it while cooling it to deposit lithium on the negative electrode material, repeating this process at least once. The battery processing method according to claim 1, further comprising:

8. A battery dismantling step, which involves dismantling at least the negative electrode material from the lithium-ion battery, A lithium extraction step for extracting lithium from the negative electrode material, The battery processing method according to claim 1, further comprising:

9. In the lithium extraction step, lithium is selectively extracted from a specific part of the negative electrode material. The battery processing method according to claim 8.

10. A battery processing system for processing lithium-ion batteries, which include a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, A cooling device capable of cooling the lithium-ion battery and controlling between a cooled state and an uncooled state, A charging device that charges batteries and A battery processing system, including a battery processing system.

11. The lithium-ion battery and a heating device capable of raising the temperature The battery processing system according to claim 10, further comprising:

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