pavement

Abstract

To provide a pavement that prevents road surface flooding and also serves as a countermeasure against the urban heat island effect. [Solution] The pavement is made of paving material having a space enclosed by non-permeable bottom walls and side walls arranged vertically and horizontally, crushed stone placed in the space, and permeable concrete poured to cover the paving material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to pavement used for roads, sidewalks, parking lots, parks, etc.

Background Art

[0002] Many of the pavement materials placed on the surface layer or base layer of roads are made of asphalt or concrete. In the pavement constructed in this way, water drainage is poor, so there is a problem of waterlogging even with a little rain. Low-lying areas are particularly prone to waterlogging, making it difficult to walk on sidewalks and causing obstacles to driving on roads, and splashing water to inconvenience pedestrians. In addition, the road is heated by solar radiation in summer and other seasons, contributing to the heat island phenomenon.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] This application provides a pavement that prevents waterlogging on the road surface and serves as a countermeasure against the heat island phenomenon.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] This application includes a pavement material having a space surrounded by non-permeable bottom walls and side walls arranged vertically and horizontally, crushed stones placed in the space, and a permeable concrete placed so as to cover the pavement material. A pavement is disclosed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0006] [Figure 1] A cross-sectional view shows a road 1 formed by a pavement 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2]The paving materials 10 used for pavement 3 are shown. (a) is a plan view. (b) is a side view. [Figure 3] This is a plan view showing the connection state of the paving material 10. [Figure 4] The paving material 10A used in the pavement of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown. (a) is a plan view. (b) is a side view. [Figure 5] An enlarged perspective view of the area around projection 16 is shown. [Figure 6] The modified form of paving material 10B is shown. (a) is a plan view. (b) is a side view. [Figure 7] The modified form of the paving material 10C is shown. (a) is a plan view. (b) is a side view. (c) is a plan view of (a) with a hole drilled in the bottom wall 12. [Figure 8] Another modified form of paving material 10D is shown. (a) is a perspective view of the top side. (b) is a perspective view of the bottom side. (c) is a side view. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0007] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a road 1 formed by pavement 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the road 1 is formed by placing pavement 3 on a base course 2 formed of crushed stone or the like.

[0008] Pavement 3 comprises paving material 10, crushed stone 20, and permeable concrete 30. The paving material 10 is arranged vertically and horizontally on the subgrade 2. Adjacent paving material 10 should be spaced apart. The crushed stone 20 is placed inside the paving material 10. It is not necessary to fill the paving material 10 completely. On the other hand, it is also acceptable to fill it so that it overflows the paving material 10. Gravel can be used instead of crushed stone. The permeable concrete 30 is poured so as to cover the paving material 10 (crushed stone 20). If the paving material 10 is arranged with spacing between them, the permeable concrete 30 should also be poured to cover the gaps between the paving material 10 on the subgrade 2. As a permeable material, such as asphalt or rubber chips, can be used instead of permeable concrete 30.

[0009] Figure 2 shows the paving material 10. The paving material 10 can be made of an impermeable material, such as plastic. As shown in Figure 2(a), the paving material 10 has side walls 11 and a bottom wall 12. The area enclosed by the side walls 11 and the bottom wall 12 becomes a space 14. The inside of the side walls 11 may have a partition wall 13.

[0010] As shown in the figure, if the paving material 10 has connecting parts 15a and 15b (totaling 15) on its side with a gap between them, the paving material 10 can be placed adjacent to each other with a gap D between them when the paving material 10 is connected (Figure 3). Therefore, since the gap D can be kept constant, it becomes easy to set the amount of rainwater drained from the permeable concrete 30.

[0011] In the above pavement 3, some of the rainwater that falls on the road surface 4 can pass through the permeable concrete 30 and be discharged into the subgrade 2 through the gaps between the paving materials 10, thus preventing flooding of the road surface 4. Some of the rainwater in the space 14 is not discharged into the subgrade 2 but is retained within the space 14 formed by the impermeable side walls 11 and bottom wall 12. Therefore, when the pavement 3 becomes hot due to sunlight in the summer, water evaporates from the space 14 through the permeable concrete 30 above it, and the pavement 3 is cooled by latent heat, thus mitigating the heat island effect. Of course, when the pavement 3 becomes hot, water will evaporate from the subgrade 2, and the pavement 3 will also be cooled. However, it is expected that the effect of mitigating the heat island effect will appear more quickly than when water evaporates from the subgrade 2.

[0012] Figure 4 shows a paving material 10A used for paving according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is the same as paving material 10 in that it has side walls 11, a bottom wall 12 and a space 14. Like paving material 10, it may also have partition walls 13 and connecting parts 15. The crushed stone (or gravel) 20 and permeable concrete 30 can be the same as those used in the embodiment. In addition to the crushed stone 20, a water-retaining material may be added. A form in which the crushed stone 20 is not placed inside the paving material 10 is also conceivable.

[0013] As shown in Figure 4(b), the paving material 10A has protrusions 16 that are taller than the side wall 11. In the example shown, the height of the side wall 11 from the bottom wall 12 is half the height of the protrusion 16 from the bottom wall 12. The cross-section of the protrusion 16 may be a cross shape as shown in Figure 4(a), or it may be any other shape. As shown in the figure, the protrusion 16 may be provided so as to protrude from the bottom wall 12 in places other than where it is connected to the side wall 11. The protrusion 16 has a hollow section 16a with upper and lower openings. If the upper surface of the protrusion 16 is a different color from the permeable concrete 30 (for example, yellow or blue), a pattern will be formed by the protrusion 16 and the road surface 4. Using multiple colors may make it more colorful and further improve the aesthetics / landscape.

[0014] If there is a groove 17 below the bottom wall 12 that connects to the hollow section 16a, the drainage velocity to the roadbed 2 may increase (Figure 4(b)). Each groove 17 may extend to the end of the paving material 10A. Rainwater may be guided to a drainage ditch through the grooves 17 of multiple paving materials 10A.

[0015] Figure 5 shows an enlarged perspective view of the area around the projection 16. As shown in the figure, if a slit 18 connecting to the hollow section 16a is formed at the upper end of the projection 16, drainage from the permeable concrete 30 to the hollow section 16a via the slit 18 is possible.

[0016] When the paving material 10A is used for the paving 3, rainwater ponded on the road surface 4 is quickly drained to the roadbed 2 through the hollow portion 16a of the protrusion 16, so that it is also possible to prevent ponding due to heavy rain. A considerable amount of rainwater has penetrated into the permeable concrete 30 immediately after rainfall, but the rainwater that has penetrated above the permeable concrete 30 is promoted to drain from the slit 18 to the hollow portion 16a, so that the surface of the permeable concrete 30 can be dried early. Of course, as in the case of the embodiment, when the paving 3 becomes hot due to solar radiation in summer or the like, the rainwater accumulated in the space 14 evaporates through the permeable concrete 30 above it, and the paving 3 is cooled by latent heat, which serves as a countermeasure against the heat island phenomenon. Similarly, when the paving 3 becomes hot, water evaporates from the roadbed 2 through the hollow portion 16a, and the paving 3 is cooled. However, it can be expected that the effect of the countermeasure against the heat island phenomenon appears earlier when water evaporates from the space 14 than when water evaporates from the roadbed 2. Holes may be formed in some of the bottom walls 12 (for example, the center).

[0017] The paving 3, the paving materials 10, 10A, and the dimensions, shapes, arrangements, number of steps, materials, etc. of their elements described in the above embodiment are examples, and other modes are also possible.

[0018] For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a paving material 10B in which the side wall 11, the partition wall 13, and the groove 17 are integrally formed on the front and back may be used. The protrusion 16 can be the same as that of the paving material 10A. Further, for example, an aspect such as a paving material 10C in which the hollow portion 16a also serves as the connecting portion 15a as shown in FIG. 7 is also conceivable. Similar to the paving materials 10, 10A, 10B, crushed stone can be put into the space 14 up to the height of the side wall 11 above the bottom wall 12, and permeable concrete can be placed up to the height of the protrusion 16 above it. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7(c), it is also possible to use a method in which holes are formed in all or part of the bottom wall 12 and non-permeable concrete or permeable concrete is placed up to the height of the protrusion 16. In this case, before placing, reinforcing bars may be inserted horizontally on the side wall 11 and the partition wall 13.

[0019] Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the paving material 10D can also achieve prevention of waterlogging on the road surface and countermeasures against the heat island phenomenon. In this case, crushed stones 20 are placed in a part of the lower part of the space 14 in the recess 19, and the permeable concrete 30 is filled thereon. For example, as shown in FIG. 8(a), a step portion 19a may be provided at an intermediate position in the height direction of the recess 19, and the permeable concrete 30 may be filled from the bottom of the recess 19 to the height of the step portion 19a. In order to dry the surface of the permeable concrete 30 at an early stage after precipitation, a hole (drainage hole 18a) connecting the space 14 and the hollow portion 16a may be formed on the side surface of the recess 19 (for example, at a position lower than the step portion 19a) (FIG. 8(c)).

Explanation of Signs

[0020] 1 ··· Road 2 ··· Roadbed 3 ··· Pavement 4 ··· Road surface 10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D ··· Paving materials 11 ··· Side wall 12 ··· Bottom wall 13 ··· Partition wall 14 ··· Space 15a, 15b ··· Connection part 16 ··· Projection 16a ··· Hollow part 17 ··· Groove 18 ··· Slit 18a ··· Drainage hole 19 ··· Recess 19a ··· Step portion 20 ··· Crushed stones 30 ··· Permeable concrete D ··· Interval

Claims

1. A paving material having a space enclosed by non-permeable bottom and side walls arranged vertically and horizontally, The crushed stone placed in the aforementioned space, A pavement having permeable concrete poured so as to cover the aforementioned paving material.

2. The pavement according to claim 1, wherein the paving material has connecting parts for connecting adjacent paving materials at intervals.

3. The pavement according to claim 1, wherein the paving material has a projection that is greater in height than the side wall, and the projection has a hollow portion with upper and lower openings.

4. The pavement according to claim 3, having a groove below the bottom wall that connects to the hollow portion.

5. The pavement according to claim 3, wherein a slit is formed at the upper end of the projection to connect to the hollow portion.

6. The pavement according to claim 3, wherein drainage holes are formed in the side wall.

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