Precast members

Abstract

To provide precast components that can improve workability and safety in the installation of exterior materials. [Solution] A precast member 10 according to one embodiment comprises a plate-shaped exterior precast member 11, a reinforcing member 11c provided inside the exterior precast member 11 for reinforcing the exterior precast member 11, and a joining member 15 protruding from the surface 11h of the exterior precast member 11. The exterior precast member 11 functions as formwork, and concrete 2 is poured onto the surface 11h from which the joining member 15 of the exterior precast member 11, which functions as formwork, protrudes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to precast members.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a stone-fronted precast concrete member. The stone-fronted precast concrete member includes a facing stone, a shear connector that is a locking member provided on the back surface of the facing stone, and a concrete part cast so that the shear connector is embedded on the back surface side of the facing stone. A buffer layer is formed on the back surface of the facing stone.

[0003] As a method for manufacturing a stone-fronted precast concrete member, first, two locking holes are drilled in the exterior member, and each end of the shear connector is inserted into the two locking holes. Then, the facing stone is placed on the bottom surface of the formwork with its back surface facing up, and a buffer layer is formed on the back surface of the facing stone. Then, after placing concrete in the formwork to form the concrete part, the stone-fronted precast concrete member is completed. The manufactured stone-fronted precast concrete member is attached to the side surface on the external side of the building via a support metal fitting.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Incidentally, exterior cladding is sometimes used on reinforced concrete (RC) structures to improve their appearance and enhance their design. However, when installing exterior cladding on-site, it involves a lot of scaffolding work, and joining the cladding can require considerable effort. Furthermore, there is a concern that the cladding may fall during scaffolding work. Therefore, there is room for improvement in terms of workability and safety when installing exterior cladding.

[0006] This disclosure aims to provide a precast member that can improve workability and safety in the installation of exterior materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] (1) The precast member according to this disclosure comprises a plate-shaped exterior precast member, a reinforcing member provided inside the exterior precast member for the purpose of reinforcing the exterior precast member, and a connecting member protruding from the surface of the exterior precast member. The exterior precast member functions as formwork, and concrete is poured onto the surface of the exterior precast member that functions as formwork and from which the connecting member protrudes.

[0008] This precast member comprises a plate-shaped exterior precast member, with reinforcing members provided inside the exterior precast member. Therefore, a high-strength exterior precast member can be used as the exterior material. The precast member is equipped with a connecting member that protrudes from the exterior precast member, and the exterior precast member functions as formwork, with concrete poured onto the surface where the connecting member protrudes. Therefore, since the exterior precast member, which functions as the exterior material, can be used as formwork, scaffolding work can be reduced, and the labor required for the installation of the exterior material can be reduced. Furthermore, because the exterior precast member functions as formwork, the possibility of the exterior material falling during scaffolding work can be reduced. Therefore, the workability and safety of the installation of the exterior material can be improved.

[0009] (2) In (1) above, the reinforcing member may be a metal member, synthetic resin fiber, or glass fiber embedded inside the exterior precast member. In this case, the exterior precast member can be more strongly reinforced by the metal member, synthetic resin fiber, or glass fiber embedded inside the exterior precast member.

[0010] (3) In (1) or (2) above, the precast member may be provided with a buffer layer located between the exterior precast member and the concrete. In this case, the buffer layer between the exterior precast member and the concrete prevents cracks from spreading to the exterior precast member even if cracks occur in the concrete. Therefore, cracks in the exterior precast member can be prevented.

[0011] (4) In any of (1) to (3) above, the precast member may have a design layer located on the outer surface of the exterior precast member opposite to the above-mentioned surface. In this case, the design of the exterior precast member can be enhanced by providing a design layer on the outer surface of the exterior precast member.

[0012] (5) In any of the above (1) to (4), the design layer may be made of tiles. In this case, the design of the exterior precast member can be enhanced by the tiles.

[0013] (6) In any of (1) to (5) above, the joining member may include a first portion extending along the surface on the outside of the exterior precast member, a second portion extending along the surface inside the exterior precast member, and a third portion extending from the first portion to the second portion in a direction inclined with respect to the surface. In this case, the joining member having the first and second portions extending along the exterior precast member, and the third portion extending diagonally from the first portion to the second portion, can further enhance the bonding strength of the concrete to the exterior precast member. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to this disclosure, it is possible to improve the workability and safety of the installation of exterior materials. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a precast member and concrete according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] Figures 2(a) and 2(b) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of joining members in a precast member according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3(a) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a joining member in a precast member according to the embodiment. Figure 3(b) is a diagram showing a further modified example of the joining member in Figure 3(a). [Figure 4] Figures 4(a) and 4(b) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of joining members in a precast member according to the embodiment. Figure 4(c) shows a further modified example of the joining member in Figure 4(b). [Figure 5] Figures 5(a), 5(b), and 5(c) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of exterior precast members. [Figure 6] Figures 6(a) and 6(b) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of exterior precast members. Figure 6(c) is a perspective view showing an example of an exterior precast member. [Figure 7] Figures 7(a), 7(b), and 7(c) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of exterior precast members. [Figure 8] Figures 8(a) and 8(b) are cross-sectional views showing various examples of exterior precast members. Figure 8(c) is a perspective view showing an example of an exterior precast member. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a perspective view showing an example of an exterior precast member. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified precast member and concrete. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the precast member according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted as appropriate. The drawings may be drawn with some parts simplified or exaggerated for ease of understanding, and dimensional ratios and the like are not limited to those described in the drawings.

[0017] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure 1 including a precast member 10 according to the present embodiment. The structure 1 is, for example, a building. In this case, the precast member 10 may form an outer wall of the building. The precast member 10, for example, forms a formwork. The structure 1 has the precast member 10 and concrete 2. For example, the concrete 2 is concrete placed in the precast member 10 as a formwork. The concrete 2 is, as an example, an RC structure.

[0018] The precast member 10 includes a plate-like exterior precast member 11, a reinforcing member 11c provided inside the exterior precast member 11, and a joining member 15 protruding from a surface 11h of the exterior precast member 11. The exterior precast member 11 extends in a first direction D1 which is the vertical direction.

[0019] The precast member 10 has, for example, a buffer layer 12 located between the exterior precast member 11 and the concrete 2, and a design layer 13 located on an outer surface 11j opposite to the surface 11h of the exterior precast member 11. The buffer layer 12, the exterior precast member 11, and the design layer 13 are arranged in this order along a second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1.

[0020] The exterior precast members 11 are manufactured in a factory, and the factory-manufactured exterior precast members 11 are transported to the site and positioned as formwork. The exterior precast members 11 extend in a first direction D1 and a third direction D3, and have thickness in a second direction D2. The third direction D3 is a direction that intersects both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The exterior precast members 11 consist of concrete 11b and reinforcing members 11c located inside the concrete 11b.

[0021] The reinforcing member 11c is provided to reinforce the exterior precast member 11. The reinforcing member 11c is a metal member embedded inside the exterior precast member 11. For example, the reinforcing member 11c includes reinforcing bars embedded in the concrete 11b. As an example, the reinforcing member 11c may include deformed reinforcing bars. Alternatively, the reinforcing member 11c may include epoxy reinforcing bars.

[0022] The reinforcing member 11c may include a wire mesh. For example, the reinforcing member 11c includes a first metal member 11d extending in a first direction D1 within the concrete 11b and a second metal member 11f extending in a third direction D3 within the concrete 11b. For example, the reinforcing member 11c includes a plurality of second metal members 11f, which are arranged along the first direction D1. For example, the first metal member 11d is the main reinforcement and the second metal members 11f are the stirrups.

[0023] The thickness of the exterior precast member 11 (length D2 in the second direction) is set to ensure sufficient concrete cover over the reinforcing member 11c. For example, if the reinforcing member 11c is made of steel and the concrete cover over the reinforcing member 11c is approximately 20mm to 30mm, the thickness of the exterior precast member 11 is approximately 70mm. However, the thickness of the exterior precast member 11 may be 70mm or more, and is not particularly limited.

[0024] As described above, the reinforcing member 11c is made of metal. However, the exterior precast member 11 may have a non-metallic reinforcing member instead of the reinforcing member 11c. For example, the reinforcing member may be reinforcing fibers contained in the concrete 11b. In this case, the embedding of a metal member in the exterior precast member 11 can be omitted. The reinforcing fibers mentioned above may be, for example, synthetic resin fibers or glass fibers.

[0025] For example, the buffer layer 12 is provided on the exterior precast member 11 at the factory. However, the buffer layer 12 may also be provided on the exterior precast member 11 at the construction site. The buffer layer 12 is provided to prevent cracks in the concrete 2 from being transmitted to the exterior precast member 11.

[0026] For example, the buffer layer 12 has lower rigidity than the concrete 2 and the concrete 11b of the exterior precast member 11. In other words, the buffer layer 12 is softer than the concrete 2 and concrete 11b. Therefore, even if cracks occur in the concrete 2, these cracks are deformed and absorbed in the buffer layer 12, preventing their transmission to the exterior precast member 11.

[0027] The thickness of the buffer layer 12 (length in the second direction D2) is, for example, 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less. A thickness of 2 mm or more in the buffer layer 12 ensures more reliable prevention of cracking in the exterior precast member 11. A thickness of 10 mm or less in the buffer layer 12 helps to suppress increases in the cost of the buffer layer 12. However, the thickness of the buffer layer 12 is not limited to the above example and can be changed as appropriate.

[0028] The buffer layer 12 is a back surface treatment material located on the back side of the exterior precast member 11. For example, the buffer layer 12 may be an adhesive (for example, an elastic adhesive). For example, the buffer layer 12 may be an elastic epoxy resin adhesive. The buffer layer 12 may be a polymer cement mortar. The buffer layer 12 may be made of silicone resin. For example, the buffer layer 12 may be made of a one-component modified silicone resin. Alternatively, the buffer layer 12 may be made of an elastic epoxy resin.

[0029] The decorative layer 13 is provided, for example, to enhance the aesthetic appearance of the building. For example, the decorative layer 13 is made of tiles. In this case, the decorative layer 13 contains clay and silica, and is manufactured, for example, by firing at a high temperature of 1000°C or higher. However, the decorative layer 13 does not have to be made of tiles; for example, it may be made of stone cladding. For example, the precast member 10 has multiple decorative layers 13, and the multiple decorative layers 13 are arranged along the first direction D1 and the third direction D3, respectively.

[0030] The decorative layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 by, for example, an adhesive (an elastic adhesive as an example). This adhesive is made of, for example, an elastic epoxy resin. In this case, the decorative layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 by an elastic adhesive bonding method.

[0031] For example, the decorative layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 at the factory. In this case, on-site work can be further reduced. However, the decorative layer 13 may also be attached to the exterior precast member 11 at the site. Furthermore, concrete 11b may be poured onto the decorative layer 13 at the factory together with the reinforcing member 11c of the exterior precast member 11.

[0032] In other words, the decorative layer 13 may be placed in the formwork when the exterior precast member 11 is manufactured, and in this state, concrete 11b may be poured inside the formwork to integrate it with the exterior precast member 11. In this case, since the exterior precast member 11 with the decorative layer 13 fixed is transported from the factory to the site, the workability during on-site work can be further improved.

[0033] The precast member 10 comprises a plurality of connecting members 15. The plurality of connecting members 15 are arranged along the first direction D1 and the third direction D3, respectively. A portion of the connecting members 15 is embedded in the concrete 11b of the exterior precast member 11. For example, the connecting members 15 are hooked onto reinforcing members 11c (for example, a second metal member 11f) inside the concrete 11b.

[0034] The connecting member 15 is, for example, made of metal. In this case, the connecting member 15 is a metal connector. A portion of the connecting member 15 is passed through the buffer layer 12. For example, the portion of the connecting member 15 that protrudes from the concrete 11b is embedded in the concrete 2. That is, a portion of the connecting member 15 is embedded in the exterior precast member 11, and the rest of the connecting member 15 is embedded in the concrete 2. This enhances the integrity between the concrete 2 and the exterior precast member 11.

[0035] Next, various examples of connecting members will be described. As will be described later, the shape of the connecting members can be changed as appropriate. For example, the precast member 10 has multiple connecting members, and the shapes of the multiple connecting members are identical to each other. However, the shapes of the multiple connecting members may be different from each other. For example, some of the multiple connecting members 15 may be hooked onto reinforcing bars embedded in the concrete 2.

[0036] Figure 2(a) is an enlarged view of the joining member 15. As shown in Figures 1 and 2(a), the joining member 15 has a first portion 15b that contacts the reinforcing member 11c and extends in a first direction D1, and a second portion 15c that extends from the end of the first portion 15b toward the concrete 2.

[0037] The joining member 15 has a pair of first portions 15b aligned along the first direction D1, and a pair of second portions 15c aligned along the first direction D1. The second portions 15c extend diagonally from the ends of the first portions 15b in both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. In the cross-section when cut along a plane extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the angle between the first portions 15b and the second portions 15c is greater than 90° and less than 180° (obtuse angle).

[0038] The joining member 15 has a pair of third portions 15d aligned along a first direction D1 and an annular portion 15f connecting the pair of third portions 15d to each other. The third portions 15d project outward from the end of the second portion 15c opposite to the first portion 15b of the exterior precast member 11. The second portion 15c extends diagonally with respect to both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, for example. The pair of third portions 15d extend in a direction that moves toward each other as they move away from the second portion 15c.

[0039] In a cross-section obtained by cutting along a plane extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the annular portion 15f is annular. For example, a part of the third portion 15d and the annular portion 15f of the joining member 15 are embedded in the concrete 2. By embedding the annular portion 15f of the joining member 15 in the concrete 2, the bonding strength of the concrete 2 to the exterior precast member 11 and the joining member 15 can be further increased.

[0040] Figure 2(b) shows a joint member 15A according to the first modified example. As shown in Figure 2(b), in a cross-section when cut along a plane extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the joint member 15A is C-shaped. The joint member 15A has a linear portion 15h that contacts the reinforcing member 11c and extends along the reinforcing member 11c, and a pair of curved portions 15j that curve and extend from the end of the linear portion 15h toward the concrete 2. The pair of curved portions 15j are aligned along the first direction D1.

[0041] Figure 3(a) shows a joint member 15B according to a second modified example. In a cross-section when cut along a plane extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the joint member 15B is L-shaped. The joint member 15B has a first linear portion 15k that contacts the reinforcing member 11c and extends along the reinforcing member 11c, and a second linear portion 15p that extends from the end of the first linear portion 15k to the concrete 2. The second linear portion 15p protrudes from the exterior precast member 11. A part of the second linear portion 15p is embedded in the exterior precast member 11, and the remainder of the second linear portion 15p is embedded in the concrete 2.

[0042] Figure 3(b) shows a joint member 15C according to the third modified example. The joint member 15C has a first linear portion 15k and a second linear portion 15p, similar to the joint member 15B. Furthermore, the joint member 15C has a folded portion 15q that extends in a U-shape from the end of the second linear portion 15p opposite to the first linear portion 15k. In the joint member 15C, a part of the second linear portion 15p and the folded portion 15q are embedded in the concrete 2. Therefore, the joint member 15C can achieve even greater integration with the concrete 2 than the joint member 15B.

[0043] Figure 4(a) shows a joint member 15D relating to the fourth modified example. The joint member 15D is, for example, a truss reinforcement. The joint member 15D includes a first portion 15r located outside the exterior precast member 11, a second portion 15s located inside the exterior precast member 11, and a third portion 15t extending from the first portion 15r to the second portion 15s.

[0044] The first portion 15r and the second portion 15s extend along the surface 11h from which the third portion 15t protrudes from the exterior precast member 11. The first portion 15r and the second portion 15s extend in the first direction D1. The third portion 15t extends in a direction inclined with respect to the surface 11h.

[0045] The joining member 15D has a plurality of third portions 15t, which are arranged along a first direction D1. Some of the plurality of third portions 15t extend downward from the second portion 15s toward the first portion 15r. The remaining portion of the plurality of third portions 15t extends downward from the first portion 15r toward the second portion 15s. For example, the plurality of third portions 15t have a corrugated shape that meanders in the second direction D2 while extending in the first direction D1.

[0046] Figure 4(b) shows a joint member 15E according to the fifth modified example. The joint member 15E has a plate 15v located between the reinforcing member 11c and the outer surface 11j inside the concrete 11b, and a protruding portion 15w extending from the plate 15v and projecting from the exterior precast member 11 into the concrete 2.

[0047] The plate 15v is made of, for example, metal. The plate 15v extends in a first direction D1. In a cross-section obtained by cutting along a plane extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, the protruding portion 15w is L-shaped. One side of the L-shape of the protruding portion 15w is fixed to the plate 15v, and the other side of the L-shape of the protruding portion 15w protrudes from the exterior precast member 11.

[0048] Figure 4(c) shows a joint member 15F according to the sixth modified example. The joint member 15F has a plate 15v and a protruding portion 15w, similar to the joint member 15E. Furthermore, the joint member 15F has a folded portion 15x that extends in a U-shape from the end of the protruding portion 15w opposite to the plate 15v. In the joint member 15F, a part of the protruding portion 15w and the folded portion 15x are embedded in the concrete 2. Therefore, the joint member 15F can achieve even greater integration with the concrete 2 than the joint member 15E.

[0049] Next, various examples of the arrangement of concrete 2 and exterior precast members 11 will be described. Figures 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), 6(a), 6(b), and 6(c) show examples in which concrete 2, buffer layer 12, and exterior precast members 11 constitute a column.

[0050] As shown in Figure 5(a), a buffer layer 12 and an exterior precast member 11 may be provided on one side of the concrete 2 constituting the column. As shown in Figure 5(b), the exterior precast member 11 may be C-shaped in plan view, and the exterior precast member 11 may be provided such that the concrete 2 that will form the column fits into the C-shaped portion of the exterior precast member 11. As shown in Figure 5(c), the exterior precast member 11 is C-shaped in plan view, and the concrete 2 may have a notch into which the end of the C-shaped portion of the exterior precast member 11 fits.

[0051] As shown in Figure 6(a), multiple exterior precast members 11 may be provided so as to surround the sides of the concrete 2 that constitutes the column. In the example in Figure 6(a), each of the four sides of the concrete 2 is covered by one of the four exterior precast members 11. As shown in Figure 6(b), each of the three sides of the concrete 2 may be covered by one of the three exterior precast members 11. As shown in Figure 6(c), multiple exterior precast members 11 may be arranged so as to be aligned vertically.

[0052] Figures 7(a), 7(b), 7(c), 8(a), 8(b), and 8(c) show examples in which concrete 2, a buffer layer 12, and an exterior precast member 11 constitute a beam. As shown in Figure 7(a), the buffer layer 12 and the exterior precast member 11 may be provided on one side of the concrete 2 that constitutes the beam.

[0053] As shown in Figure 7(b), the exterior precast member 11 may be C-shaped in a side view, and the exterior precast member 11 may be provided such that the concrete 2 that will become the beam fits into the C-shaped portion of the exterior precast member 11. As shown in Figure 7(c), the exterior precast member 11 is C-shaped in a side view, and the concrete 2 may have a notch into which the end of the C-shaped portion of the exterior precast member 11 fits.

[0054] As shown in Figure 8(a), exterior precast members 11 may be provided so as to surround a part of the side and top surface of the concrete 2 constituting the beam. As shown in Figure 8(b), a recess may be formed at the upper end of the concrete 2 constituting the beam, and the exterior precast members 11 may have a protrusion that fits into the recess. As shown in Figure 8(c), a plurality of exterior precast members 11 may be provided on the side surface of the concrete 2 constituting the beam, aligned along the direction in which the beam extends (horizontal direction).

[0055] Figure 9 shows an example in which concrete 2, a buffer layer 12, and exterior precast members 11 constitute a wall. As shown in Figure 9, multiple exterior precast members 11 may be provided on the side surface of the concrete 2 that constitutes the wall, arranged in the height direction and width direction (horizontal direction) of the wall. That is, the multiple exterior precast members 11 may be arranged in a grid pattern. As described above, the arrangement of the exterior precast members 11 relative to the concrete 2 can be changed as appropriate.

[0056] Next, an example of a construction method for a structure 1 equipped with precast members 10 will be described. First, the exterior precast members 11 are manufactured in a factory (process of manufacturing exterior precast members in a factory). For example, reinforcing members 11c and connecting members 15 are placed in the formwork, and concrete 11b is poured into the formwork. At this time, the decorative layer 13 may be placed in the formwork. In this case, the decorative layer 13 can be attached to the exterior precast members 11 in advance, making it possible to integrate the decorative layer 13 with the exterior precast members 11.

[0057] After the exterior precast member 11 is manufactured, a buffer layer 12 is formed on the exterior precast member 11 (step of forming the buffer layer). For example, the buffer layer 12 is applied to the surface 11h of the exterior precast member 11. Then, the exterior precast member 11 is transported to the site (step of transporting the exterior precast member to the site).

[0058] The formation of the buffer layer 12 on the exterior precast member 11 may be carried out in the factory or on site. If the decorative layer 13 is not attached to the exterior precast member 11 in the factory, the decorative layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 on site (the process of attaching the decorative layer). For example, the decorative layer 13 is attached to the outer surface 11j of the exterior precast member 11 by adhesive.

[0059] Next, the exterior precast members 11 are placed (step for placing the exterior precast members). At this time, the exterior precast members 11 are placed as formwork. In the case of high places, the exterior precast members 11 are lifted and placed using a lifting machine such as a crane. Note that a buffer layer 12 may be applied when placing the exterior precast members 11.

[0060] After the exterior precast members 11 are placed, concrete 2 is poured (concrete pouring process). At this time, concrete 2 is poured onto the surface 11h on which the joint members 15 of the exterior precast members 11 protrude. After the poured concrete 2 hardens, the series of steps for constructing the structure 1 is completed.

[0061] The effects and advantages obtained from the precast member 10 according to this embodiment will now be explained. As shown in Figure 1, the precast member 10 comprises a plate-shaped exterior precast member 11, and a reinforcing member 11c is provided inside the exterior precast member 11. Therefore, the exterior precast member 11, which has high strength, can be used as an exterior material.

[0062] The precast member 10 is equipped with a connecting member 15 that protrudes from the exterior precast member 11, and the exterior precast member 11 functions as formwork, with concrete 2 being poured onto the surface 11h on which the connecting member 15 of the exterior precast member 11 protrudes. Therefore, since the exterior precast member 11, which functions as exterior material, can be used as formwork, scaffolding work can be reduced, and the labor required for the construction of the exterior material can be reduced. Furthermore, because the exterior precast member 11 functions as formwork, the possibility of the exterior material falling during scaffolding work can be reduced. Thus, the constructability and safety of the construction of the exterior material can be improved.

[0063] In this embodiment, the precast member 10 and the construction method for the structure 1 involve prefabricating an exterior precast member 11 having reinforcing members 11c and connecting members 15 in advance, and using the fabricated exterior precast member 11 as formwork. This minimizes the amount of on-site work required when arranging the exterior precast member 11. For example, it minimizes the amount of work required on the exterior precast member 11 after it has been lifted. Therefore, it offers excellent constructability for super high-rise buildings and improves deformation-following performance.

[0064] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 11c may be a metal member embedded inside the exterior precast member 11. Alternatively, the reinforcing member may be a synthetic resin fiber or a glass fiber. In this case, the exterior precast member 11 can be more strongly reinforced by the metal member, synthetic resin fiber, or glass fiber embedded inside the exterior precast member 11.

[0065] In this embodiment, the precast member 10 includes a buffer layer 12 located between the exterior precast member 11 and the concrete 2. In this case, the buffer layer 12 between the exterior precast member 11 and the concrete 2 prevents cracks from spreading to the exterior precast member 11 even if cracks occur in the concrete 2. Therefore, cracking of the exterior precast member 11 and the decorative layer 13 can be prevented. By preventing cracking of the exterior precast member 11 and the decorative layer 13, aesthetic considerations can be taken into account, and the anxiety of users of the structure 1 can be reduced, thus allowing for the expectation of long-term continued use of the structure 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the precast member 10 includes a design layer 13 located on the outer surface 11j opposite to the surface 11h of the exterior precast member 11. In this case, by providing the design layer 13 on the outer surface 11j of the exterior precast member 11, the aesthetic appeal of the exterior precast member 11 can be enhanced.

[0067] In this embodiment, the design layer 13 may be made of tiles. In this case, the design of the exterior precast member 11 can be enhanced by the use of tiles.

[0068] As shown in Figure 4(a), the joining member 15D may include a first portion 15r extending along the surface 11h on the outside of the exterior precast member 11, a second portion 15s extending along the surface 11h on the inside of the exterior precast member 11, and a third portion 15t extending from the first portion 15r to the second portion 15s in a direction inclined with respect to the surface 11h. In this case, the joining member 15D having a first portion 15r and a second portion 15s extending along the exterior precast member 11, as well as a third portion 15t extending diagonally from the first portion 15r to the second portion 15s, can further enhance the bonding strength of the concrete 2 to the exterior precast member 11.

[0069] Embodiments of the precast member according to this disclosure have been described above. However, the precast member according to this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above and may be further modified within the scope of the gist described in the claims. That is, the shape, size, material, number, and arrangement of each part of the precast member can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist described above. For example, in the embodiments described above, an example was described in which a buffer layer 12 is interposed between the exterior precast member 11 and the concrete 2. However, the buffer layer 12 may be omitted.

[0070] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified precast member 10A. Precast member 10A differs from precast member 10 in that the design layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 with mortar. That is, the design layer 13 is attached to the exterior precast member 11 with mortar 16. The means of attaching the design layer 13 to the exterior precast member 11 can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the design layer 13 may be omitted. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0071] 1...Structure, 2...Concrete, 10,10A...Precast member, 11...Exterior precast member, 11b...Concrete, 11c...Reinforcement member, 11d...First metal member, 11f...Second metal member, 11h...Surface, 11j...Outer surface, 12...Buffer layer, 13...Design layer, 15,15A,15B,15C,15D,15E,15F...Joint member, 15b...First part, 1 5c...Second part, 15d...Third part, 15f...Annular part, 15h...Linear part, 15j...Curved part, 15k...First linear part, 15p...Second linear part, 15q...Folded part, 15r...First part, 15s...Second part, 15t...Third part, 15v...Plate, 15w...Protruding part, 15x...Folded part, 16...Mortar, D1...First direction, D2...Second direction, D3...Third direction.

Claims

1. Plate-shaped exterior precast members, A reinforcing member provided inside the exterior precast member for the purpose of reinforcing the exterior precast member, A joining member protruding from the surface of the exterior precast member, Equipped with, The exterior precast member functions as formwork, and concrete is poured onto the surface on which the connecting member of the exterior precast member, which functions as formwork, protrudes. Precast members.

2. The reinforcing member is a metal member, synthetic resin fiber, or glass fiber embedded inside the exterior precast member. The precast member according to claim 1.

3. The exterior precast member is provided with a buffer layer located between it and the concrete. The precast member according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. The exterior precast member is provided with a design layer located on the outer surface opposite to the aforementioned surface, The precast member according to claim 1 or claim 2.

5. The aforementioned design layer is composed of tiles. The precast member according to claim 4.

6. The joining member includes a first portion extending along the surface on the outside of the exterior precast member, a second portion extending along the surface on the inside of the exterior precast member, and a third portion extending from the first portion to the second portion in a direction inclined with respect to the surface. The precast member according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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