Method for manufacturing chemicals, apparatus for manufacturing chemicals, and fluid materials.

Abstract

To provide a method for producing chemicals that can efficiently obtain ethylene and propylene in high yield. [Solution] The present disclosure is a method for producing a chemical product, comprising: introducing an inert gas into a reactor containing a fluid material containing a calcium compound to cause the fluid material to flow; heating the reactor; and supplying a raw material containing plastic to the heated reactor, wherein the chemical product contains ethylene and propylene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for producing chemical substances, an apparatus for producing chemical substances, and a fluid material.

Background Art

[0002] As one of the recycling methods for waste plastics, there is chemical recycling in which waste plastics are decomposed, monomerized, gasified, or used as a blast furnace reducing agent or a coke oven raw material. For example, in a continuous reactor that obtains basic chemicals in one step without passing through intermediate products such as pyrolysis oil using mixed plastics containing polyolefin as a raw material, a fluidized bed reactor is generally used.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses that plastic powder, which is a mixture of polyolefin, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc., is supplied to a fluidized bed reactor for decomposition to obtain olefins from C2 to C4, the heating medium in the fluidized bed is a mixture of a used fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst and ZSM-5, and these catalysts may contain a binder material such as alumina or silica.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing chemical substances that can efficiently obtain ethylene and propylene in high yields. <​​​​​​​<1> A method for manufacturing chemical products, Introducing an inert gas into a reactor containing a fluid material containing a calcium compound, and causing the fluid material to flow, Heating the aforementioned reactor, The process involves supplying raw materials containing plastic to the heated reactor, Includes, The method for producing the aforementioned chemical is characterized in that the chemical contains ethylene and propylene. <2> The calcium compound includes calcium oxide, <1> This is a method for producing the chemicals described. <3> The particle size of the fluid material is 0.3 mm or less. <1> or the above <2> This is a method for producing the chemicals described. <4> In the heating process, the heating temperature of the reactor shall be 650°C or higher and 1,000°C or lower. <1> from the above <3> This is a method for producing the chemical product described in any one of the items. <5> The raw material containing the aforementioned plastic includes a mixed plastic containing polyethylene and polypropylene, <1> from the above <4> This is a method for producing the chemical product described in any one of the items. <6> A chemical manufacturing apparatus, A reactor containing a fluid material containing calcium compounds, A raw material supply unit connected to the reactor and supplying raw materials including plastic to the reactor, An inert gas supply unit is connected to one end of the reactor and is positioned to supply inert gas to the fluid material from a direction opposite to the direction of gravity, A heating section for heating the aforementioned fluid material, This is a chemical manufacturing apparatus characterized by having [a specific feature]. <7> The calcium compound includes calcium oxide, <6> This is a manufacturing apparatus for the chemicals described above. <8> A fluidizing agent used in a fluidized bed for the thermal decomposition of raw materials including plastics, This is a fluid material characterized by containing calcium compounds. <9> The calcium compound includes calcium oxide, <8> It is the fluid material described in [reference]. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to embodiments of this disclosure, it is possible to provide a method for producing chemicals that can efficiently obtain ethylene and propylene in high yield. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a chemical manufacturing apparatus according to this disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below. However, the embodiments are not limited to the following description and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the gist of this disclosure. Furthermore, in this specification, the "~" indicating a numerical range means that the numbers before and after it are included as the lower and upper limits, respectively, unless otherwise specified.

[0010] (Methods for manufacturing chemicals) A method for producing a chemical according to the present disclosure comprises introducing an inert gas into a reactor containing a fluid material containing a calcium compound, causing the fluid material to flow, heating the reactor, and supplying raw materials containing plastic to the heated reactor, wherein the chemical comprises ethylene and propylene. The method for producing a chemical according to the present disclosure may further include other processes as necessary.

[0011] The method disclosed in Patent Document 1 primarily uses a mixture of FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalyst and ZSM-5 for the decomposition of plastics, and does not optimize the conditions of the fluidized bed reaction in the thermal decomposition of plastics.

[0012] In contrast, the present inventor has conducted intensive studies and found that ethylene and propylene can be efficiently obtained in high yields by heating a raw material containing plastic while flowing a fluidizing agent containing a calcium compound.

[0013] - Chemicals - The chemicals produced by the method for producing chemicals of the present disclosure are not particularly limited as long as they are chemicals obtained by decomposing a raw material containing plastic and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, they are preferably chemicals containing ethylene and propylene, and more preferably chemicals containing olefins having 4 carbon atoms in addition to ethylene and propylene.

[0014] In addition, the chemicals produced by the method for producing chemicals of the present disclosure may contain aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0015] Therefore, in the present disclosure, the "useful component" means at least one chemical selected from the group consisting of olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0016] -- Olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms -- In the present disclosure, olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms may be referred to as "lower olefins". As the olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, it is preferable that they are at least one selected from the group consisting of alkenes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and dienes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably alkenes having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0017] Examples of the olefin having 4 carbon atoms include trans - 2 - butene, 1 - butene, 2 - methylpropene, cis - 2 - butene, 1,3 - butadiene, isobutene, and the like.

[0018] Among these, the chemical production method of this disclosure has the advantage of high yields of ethylene and propylene. There are no particular restrictions on the yield (mass%) of ethylene and propylene, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferably 30% by mass or more, and more preferably 33% by mass or more, relative to the mass of the raw materials including plastic. The total yield (mass%) of ethylene and propylene is preferably as high as possible, and there are no particular restrictions on its upper limit, for example, it may be 70% by mass or less, or 50% by mass or less. The lower and upper limits of the total yield (mass%) of ethylene and propylene can be appropriately combined, for example, 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, 33% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, 30% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, 33% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less.

[0019] In this disclosure, the "yield" for each component and the "total yield" refer to the mass percentage (mass%) of each component relative to the raw material containing the plastic.

[0020] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 45% to 90% by mass, more preferably 50% to 70% by mass, and even more preferably 55% to 65% by mass, relative to the mass of the raw materials including plastic.

[0021] Olefins with 2 to 4 carbon atoms can be used as basic chemicals suitable for chemical recycling and can serve as raw materials for polyolefins. Polyolefins can be suitably used in a variety of fields, including shopping bags, plastic wrap, straws, medical devices, home appliance casings, erasers, hoses, tires, tubes, CD cases, food trays, food containers, plastic bottles, and textiles.

[0022] --Aromatic hydrocarbons-- There are no particular restrictions on the aromatic hydrocarbon, but benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), and styrene are preferred, and the three positional isomers of benzene, toluene, and xylene are more preferred.

[0023] In this disclosure, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), as well as styrene, may be referred to as "useful aromatic hydrocarbons."

[0024] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of useful aromatic hydrocarbons in chemical products, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 3% to 50% by mass, and more preferably 5% to 30% by mass, relative to the mass of the raw materials including plastics.

[0025] -By-products- The chemicals obtained by the chemical manufacturing methods described herein may contain by-products. Examples of by-products include paraffin, carbon, and hydrogen gas. The carbon by-product refers to a composition consisting solely of carbon atoms, such as soot, graphite, and diamond.

[0026] There are no particular restrictions on the paraffin, but examples include aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 4 carbon atoms being preferred. Examples of aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include chain-like aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0027] Specific examples of paraffins include methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, and n-butane. Among these, the method for producing the chemicals described herein has a low selectivity for methane.

[0028] There are no particular restrictions on the total yield (mass%) of paraffins having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, but it is preferably 35% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and even more preferably 10% by mass or less, relative to the mass of the raw materials containing plastic. The lower limit of the total yield (mass%) of paraffins having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable as low as possible, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, relative to the mass of the raw materials containing plastic.

[0029] The content of useful components and by-products in a chemical product can be determined by analyzing the gaseous and liquid products obtained as products of the chemical product manufacturing method described herein, using a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector.

[0030] When analyzing the gaseous products as byproducts, the analysis can be performed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector under the analytical conditions described in the examples. Each component can then be quantified using the internal standard method, based on the ratio of the peak area of ​​each component to that of the internal standard. The internal standard is not particularly limited as long as it is stable under the analytical conditions and easily separated from the analyte; for example, cyclopentane can be used.

[0031] Furthermore, when analyzing the liquid substance as a product, it can be analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector under the analytical conditions described in the examples, and each component can be quantified by the internal standard method based on the ratio of the peak area of ​​each component to that of the internal standard. The internal standard is not particularly limited as long as it is stable under the analytical conditions and easily separated from the analyte; for example, cyclopentane can be used.

[0032] Furthermore, the content of by-products such as coking residues in chemical products can be calculated by burning the fluid material with air inside the reactor and measuring the weight change before and after air calcination.

[0033] <To make a fluid material flow> To make the fluid material flow, an inert gas is introduced into a reactor containing the fluid material containing a calcium compound, thereby causing the fluid material to flow.

[0034] The reactor is a reactor capable of accommodating a fluidized material and having a certain internal space to ensure a flow path for raw materials including plastics and inert gases, and is preferably a fluidized bed.

[0035] There are no particular restrictions on the shape, structure, and size of the reactor, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, from the viewpoint of allowing the raw materials containing plastic and the generated chemicals to flow smoothly and ensuring sufficient contact time between the raw materials containing plastic and the fluidized bed, it is preferable that the length in the flow direction of the raw materials containing plastic be longer than the length in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction, i.e., longer than the inner diameter of the reactor.

[0036] A fluidized bed is placed inside the reactor. A fluidized bed is a reactor vessel that suspends a fluidized material by passing an inert gas through it at a sufficient speed, causing the fluidized material to behave like a fluid.

[0037] <<Flowing material>> The fluid material contains a calcium compound. The fluid material may further contain other components besides the calcium compound.

[0038] -Calcium compounds- There are no particular restrictions on the calcium compound, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include calcium, calcium salts, calcium oxides, and calcium hydroxides. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, calcium oxides are preferred as the calcium compound.

[0039] Examples of calcium oxides include calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, and calcium oxalate. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, calcium compounds containing calcium oxide are preferred.

[0040] There are no particular restrictions on the calcium oxide content in the calcium compound, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Among these, the calcium compound is preferably one consisting solely of calcium oxide (i.e., the calcium oxide content in the calcium compound is 100% by mass).

[0041] From the viewpoint of use as a fluidizing agent, the calcium compound is preferably granular. The granular calcium compound may have a fixed shape or an amorphous shape.

[0042] There are no particular restrictions on the particle size of the calcium compound, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but 0.3 mm or less is preferred. The particle size of the fluid material is measured by the dry sieving test according to ISO 2591-1:1988.

[0043] -Other ingredients- Other components in the fluid material besides calcium compounds are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferable that the material is stable in the temperature range of thermal decomposition when heated, does not react with carbon, hydrogen, etc. produced by the thermal decomposition of plastics, and does not react with inert gases.

[0044] There are no particular restrictions on the content of other components in the fluid material; they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0045] <<Inert gas>> There are no particular restrictions on the inert gas, but a gas that is stable in the heating temperature range is preferred.

[0046] Specific examples of inert gases include nitrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and noble gases. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, nitrogen gas and water vapor are preferred as inert gases due to their industrial availability and low cost, with nitrogen gas being more preferred.

[0047] There are no particular restrictions on the flow rate of the inert gas introduced into the reactor, as long as it can keep the fluid material flowing, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inside of the reactor at the lower end of the part containing the fluid material is 1 cm². 2 A flow rate where the volumetric flow rate per unit area is 5 NmL / sec to 500 NmL / sec is preferred, and a flow rate where it is 8 NmL / sec to 200 NmL / sec is more preferred. Here, "N" in the unit of volumetric flow rate indicates a value converted to 0°C and 1 atmosphere. The flow rate of the inert gas is the flow rate of the inert gas is the aforementioned cross-sectional area 1 cm² 2 A flow rate of 5 NmL / second or more and 500 NmL / second or less per unit area ensures sufficient contact time between the raw materials, including plastics, and the fluidizing agent, suppresses side reactions, and efficiently heats the reaction furnace, thereby enabling the efficient acquisition of useful components in high yield. The linear velocity of the inert gas can be determined by the method described in the examples.

[0048] <To be heated> Heating involves heating the reactor. Heating may be performed separately from or simultaneously with the fluidizing of the fluidizing material.

[0049] There are no particular restrictions on the method of heating the reactor, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. It may be an external heating method in which the reactor is heated by heat transfer from the outside, or an internal heating method in which the fluid material is heated by resistance heating using electric heating wires or the like inside the reactor.

[0050] There are no particular restrictions on the heating temperature of the reactor, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferably 1,000°C or lower, and more preferably 980°C or lower. When the heating temperature of the reactor is 1,000°C or lower, useful components can be obtained efficiently in high yield. Furthermore, when the heating temperature of the reactor is 980°C or lower, the generation of methane, a by-product of plastic decomposition that is difficult to utilize as a basic chemical, can be suppressed.

[0051] There are no particular restrictions on the lower limit of the heating temperature for the reactor, as long as the plastic can be decomposed, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, 500°C or higher is preferred, 580°C or higher is more preferred, and 650°C or higher is even more preferred. When the lower limit of the heating temperature for the reactor is 500°C or higher, useful components can be obtained efficiently in high yield.

[0052] The upper and lower limits of the heating temperature for heating the reactor can be combined as appropriate, but 500°C to 1,000°C is preferred, 580°C to 980°C is more preferred, and 650°C to 980°C is even more preferred.

[0053] <To supply> The supplying process involves supplying raw materials containing plastic to the heated reactor. This allows the plastic-containing raw materials to undergo thermal decomposition, producing chemical products containing ethylene and propylene. From the viewpoint of thermal decomposing the plastic-containing raw materials in a fluidized bed, it is preferable to perform the supplying process simultaneously with fluidizing the fluidizing agent and heating the reactor.

[0054] There are no particular restrictions on the method of supplying the raw materials containing plastic to the reactor; they may be supplied intermittently or continuously. Among these methods, continuous supply is preferred because it minimizes temperature fluctuations in the reactor.

[0055] When raw materials containing plastic are supplied to the reactor intermittently, there are no particular restrictions on the supply time, non-supply time, or intervals between these.

[0056] When supplying raw materials containing plastic to the reactor intermittently, there are no particular restrictions on the amount of plastic-containing raw materials supplied at one time. However, when supplying plastic-containing raw materials to the reactor intermittently, it is preferable to wait until the reactor temperature, which has dropped due to the previous supply, has recovered to the desired temperature before adding the plastic-containing raw materials for the second and subsequent additions, from the viewpoint of preventing the reactor temperature from dropping too low.

[0057] When raw materials containing plastic are continuously supplied to the reactor, there are no particular restrictions on the amount of raw materials containing plastic that can be supplied.

[0058] -Raw materials containing plastic- There are no particular restrictions on the raw materials containing plastics, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include mixed plastics containing polyolefins, aromatic plastics, and chlorine-containing plastics. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, the raw materials containing plastics may also contain other components as needed.

[0059] --Mixed Plastics-- There are no particular restrictions on the polyolefins included in the mixed plastic, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferable that the mixture includes polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), which are commonly used in beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded products, films, etc.

[0060] There are no particular restrictions on the polyolefin content in the raw materials containing plastics, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 50% to 90% by mass, more preferably 50% to 85% by mass, and even more preferably 60% to 85% by mass, relative to the total mass of the raw materials containing plastics. When the polyolefin content in the raw materials containing plastics is 50% to 90% by mass, chemical products containing ethylene and propylene can be obtained efficiently and in high yield.

[0061] --Aromatic Plastics-- Aromatic plastics are plastics that have an aromatic skeleton. There are no particular restrictions on aromatic plastics, and they can be appropriately selected from those commonly used for beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded articles, films, etc., depending on the purpose. Examples include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate (PC), and polystyrene (PS). These may be contained individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, aromatic plastics containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS) are preferred. In the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure, even if the raw material plastic contains aromatic plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene (PS), chemicals containing ethylene and propylene can be obtained efficiently and in high yield.

[0062] --Chlorine-containing plastic-- There are no particular restrictions on the chlorine-containing plastic, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferable that it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), which are commonly used in beverage and food containers, packaging materials, molded products, films, etc.

[0063] There are no particular restrictions on the content of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics in the plastic, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, it is preferably 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 15% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, relative to the total mass of the plastic. When the content of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics in the plastic is 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, chemical products containing ethylene and propylene can be obtained efficiently in high yield. Furthermore, the lower the content of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics, the better. The lower limit may be, for example, 0.1% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, or 10% by mass or more, relative to the total mass of the plastic.

[0064] --Other ingredients-- Other components contained in raw materials containing plastics are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include other plastics other than polyolefins, aromatic plastics, and chlorine-containing plastics; and materials commonly found in waste plastics such as paper and metal. These may be contained individually or in combination of two or more.

[0065] Other plastics are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose, and examples include polyamide, polyurethane, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0066] There are no particular restrictions on the content of other components in the raw material containing plastic, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the type of raw material containing plastic used. However, from the viewpoint of the yield of chemicals containing ethylene and propylene, it is preferable that the content be less than 30% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the raw material containing plastic.

[0067] From the viewpoint of reducing environmental impact, it is preferable that the raw materials containing plastic include waste plastic. When the raw materials containing plastic are waste plastic, there are no particular restrictions on the composition and composition ratio, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but it is preferable that PE is 20% to 40% by mass, PP is 20% to 40% by mass, PS is 10% to 30% by mass, and PET is 10% to 30% by mass.

[0068] As waste plastics, for example, waste solid fuel (RPF: Refuse derived paper and plastics densified fuel) can be used.

[0069] The structure and content of each component in raw materials containing plastics can be determined by analysis using methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), ion chromatography (IC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyGC-MS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS).

[0070] In terms of supply, there are no particular restrictions on the state of the plastic in the raw materials supplied to the reactor, including crystalline, glassy, ​​rubbery, and liquid forms. The plastic may also be in a decomposed state. Among these, rubbery or liquid plastic is preferred because it is easier to control the supply amount.

[0071] When the plastic is crystalline or glassy, ​​there are no particular restrictions on its form, and examples include crushed plastic, pellets of crushed plastic, and chips of crushed plastic.

[0072] There are no particular restrictions on the type of plastic used for the pulverized material; it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, for example, in powder or flake form.

[0073] Rubber-like or liquid plastic refers to plastic that is fluid at a temperature above its melting point but below its thermal decomposition temperature. Rubber-like or liquid plastic is also called "molten plastic."

[0074] Plastic decomposition products are materials that have been broken down from plastics into smaller molecules, but their molecular weight is still larger than that of the final chemical product.

[0075] The molecular weight of rubbery or liquid plastics does not change from the molecular weight of crystalline or glassy plastics of the same composition. Therefore, plastics and their decomposition products can be distinguished by their molecular weight. As the molecular weight decreases due to decomposition, the melting point decreases, so in practice, it can be determined by the melting temperature. The melting temperature is measured by the method specified in JIS K7121-2012.

[0076] There are no particular restrictions on the melting temperature of the plastic, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the raw materials used, but 80°C to 200°C is preferred, and 90°C to 190°C is more preferred.

[0077] These raw materials, including various forms of plastic, may be used after being processed separately from the chemical manufacturing methods of this disclosure, or after being subjected to other processing as described below.

[0078] <Other processing> The methods for producing the chemicals of this disclosure may further include, if necessary, other processes other than flowing and supplying the fluidizing agent.

[0079] Other processing methods are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose. Examples include pre-treating raw materials containing plastics, recovering chemicals obtained through supply, post-treating chemicals, separating chemicals, and reusing fluid materials.

[0080] <<Pre-treatment required>> Pretreatment involves pre-treating the plastic-containing raw materials before they are supplied. By pre-treating the plastic-containing raw materials to make them more easily decomposable, the plastics can be decomposed more efficiently.

[0081] Examples of pretreatment include crushing the raw material containing plastic, pelletizing (chipping) the crushed raw material containing plastic, and melting the raw material containing plastic.

[0082] The melting process of raw materials containing plastics is preferably carried out at a temperature of less than 300°C.

[0083] There are no particular restrictions on the pulverized raw materials containing plastic, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples include powder and flake forms.

[0084] There are no particular restrictions on the method for obtaining pulverized material containing plastic, and any conventionally known method can be appropriately selected. For example, a method can be used in which the plastic-containing material is pulverized using a pulverizer to obtain powder or flakes.

[0085] Furthermore, there are no particular restrictions on the method of pelletizing (chipping) the pulverized material, and any conventionally known method can be appropriately selected. For example, one method is to melt-extrude the pulverized material and then cut the strand-shaped melt-extruded material to obtain chipped raw material.

[0086] The raw materials containing plastic can also be supplied in a molten state. There are no particular restrictions on the method of melting the raw materials containing plastic, and any conventionally known method can be appropriately selected. For example, a method of continuously supplying the materials to the decomposition process using a molten extruder can be used.

[0087] <<To be collected>> Recovery involves recovering the liquid substances and gases that are products containing the chemicals obtained through supply. There are no particular restrictions on the recovery method, and a method can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the type of product obtained. For example, gaseous products can be separated by atmospheric pressure or pressurized distillation, and liquid hydrocarbons can be separated by atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure distillation.

[0088] <<Post-processing of chemicals>> Post-treatment of chemicals is a process that decomposes by-products in chemicals generated by the thermal decomposition of raw materials, including plastics. It is preferable to perform post-treatment of chemicals after the recovery of the chemicals.

[0089] Post-treatment methods for chemicals include, for example, the removal of halogen compounds. Methods for removing halogen compounds include a fixed bed filled with an oxide or hydroxide of one metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, or a method of passing an aqueous solution of the oxide or hydroxide of the said metal through the bed.

[0090] <<Separation>> Separation involves separating only the useful components from the recovered liquid substances and gases, while removing unwanted components.

[0091] The substances produced by the chemical manufacturing method of this disclosure are chemicals containing ethylene and propylene, preferably chemicals containing olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and aromatic hydrocarbons, but paraffins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms may be produced as a by-component.

[0092] In terms of separation, there are no particular restrictions on the method used to separate the useful components from the minor components, and a method can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the type of product obtained or the type of minor components.

[0093] The above chemical manufacturing method allows for the efficient production of chemicals containing ethylene and propylene in high yield. The produced chemicals can be used as basic chemicals suitable for chemical recycling.

[0094] (Chemical manufacturing equipment) The chemical manufacturing apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a reactor containing a fluid material containing a calcium compound; a raw material supply unit connected to the reactor and supplying raw materials containing plastic to the reactor; an inert gas supply unit connected to one end of the reactor and arranged to supply an inert gas to the fluid material from a direction opposite to the direction of gravity; and a heating unit for heating the reactor. The chemical manufacturing apparatus of the present disclosure may further include other components as necessary.

[0095] The chemical manufacturing apparatus of the present disclosure can suitably carry out the chemical manufacturing method of the present disclosure.

[0096] Embodiments of the chemical manufacturing apparatus of this disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the chemical manufacturing apparatus of this disclosure. The embodiments shown below are illustrative of apparatus for realizing the technical concept of this disclosure and do not limit this disclosure to the following. Furthermore, the dimensions, materials, shapes, numbers, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described below are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure unless otherwise specified. Note that the size and positional relationships of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated to clarify the explanation. In addition, in the following explanation, the same name and reference numeral indicate the same or similar member, and detailed explanations are omitted as appropriate. In order to avoid making the drawings excessively complex, schematic diagrams that omit the illustration of some elements may be used, or end view diagrams showing only the cut surface may be used as cross-sectional views.

[0097] Furthermore, the following description uses terms to indicate specific directions or positions as needed (e.g., "up," "down," "side," "top surface," "bottom surface," "side," "X," "Y," "Z," and other terms including these terms). However, the use of these terms is solely to facilitate understanding of the invention with reference to the drawings, and the meaning of these terms does not excessively limit the technical scope of the invention. For example, if "top surface" is mentioned, the invention must not always be used in a way that it faces upwards.

[0098] In Figure 1, the vertical direction is defined as the Y-axis, the direction approximately perpendicular to the Y-axis is defined as the X-axis, and the direction approximately perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis is defined as the Z-axis. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually orthogonal. However, this direction is just an example, and the direction of the chemical manufacturing apparatus in this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0099] The chemical manufacturing apparatus 100 (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "manufacturing apparatus 100") includes a reactor 1 that contains a fluid material 2 containing a calcium compound, a raw material supply unit 3 that supplies raw materials M containing plastic to the reactor 1, an inert gas supply unit 4 that supplies inert gas G to the reactor 1, and a heating unit 5 that heats the reactor 1.

[0100] <Reactor 1> The reactor 1 is a component that contains the fluid material 2. In the reactor 1, the fluid material 2 placed inside the reactor 1 is heated by the heating unit 5, thereby heating the raw material M (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "raw material M") containing plastic that is supplied inside the reactor 1.

[0101] The material of the reactor 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is stable in terms of surface temperature and atmosphere on the inside of the reactor 1, that is, on the side of the reactor 1 that contains the raw materials M. For example, inorganic compounds such as alumina (Al2O3), zirconia (ZrO3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) or ceramics thereof; alloys such as SUS310S, Inconel (INCONEL®), and Hastelloy (HASTELLOY®) can be used.

[0102] The structure, shape, material, and size of the reactor 1 are not particularly limited as long as they can accommodate the fluid material 2 and allow the raw material M to flow through them, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0103] Examples of the shape of the reactor 1 include cylindrical, rectangular parallelepiped, conical, frustoconical, and columnar shapes in which the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reactor 1 is polygonal.

[0104] Furthermore, regarding the size of the reactor 1, it is preferable that the direction of flow of the raw material M is perpendicular to the direction of flow, i.e., longer than the inner diameter of the reactor 1, from the viewpoint of allowing the raw material M and the generated chemical product R to flow smoothly and ensuring sufficient contact time between the raw material M and the fluidized bed of the fluidizing agent 2.

[0105] In order to retain the fluid material 2 inside the reactor 1, it is preferable to place a stopper 10 inside the reactor 1 (for example, inside a pipe) using a mesh tray or quartz wool that allows an inert gas G such as quartz wool and the chemical product R to flow through.

[0106] The structure, shape, material, and size of the stopper 10 are not particularly limited, as long as they do not allow the fluid material 2 to pass through, but do allow the inert gas G, raw material M, or chemical product R to pass through. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples include quartz wool, a sieve, a mesh, and a dispersion plate. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0107] The fluid material 2 is as described in the section (Method of Manufacturing Chemicals) of this disclosure.

[0108] <Raw material supply section 3> The raw material supply unit 3 is connected to the reactor 1 and is a component that supplies raw materials M, including plastic, to the reactor 1. The raw material supply unit 3 includes a raw material distribution unit 3a for circulating the raw materials M, a raw material input unit 3b for introducing the raw materials M into the reactor 1, and so on. The raw material supply unit 3 may supply the raw materials M to the reactor 1 using a known pump or the like.

[0109] The raw material distribution section 3a is connected to the reactor 1. In this disclosure, "connection" of the raw material distribution section 3a to the reactor 1 means that the inside of the raw material distribution section 3a and the inside of the reactor 1 are in communication, allowing the raw material M to pass through.

[0110] Furthermore, the raw material supply unit 3 may have a raw material supply stopper, such as a stopper, that can stop the supply of raw materials M, including plastic. If a raw material supply stopper is provided, plastic can be supplied to the reactor 1 intermittently. The raw material supply stopper can be located, for example, at the inlet of the raw material input unit 3b.

[0111] There are no particular restrictions on the material of the raw material supply unit 3; for example, it can be appropriately selected from the same materials as those used for the reactor 1, depending on the purpose.

[0112] The shape, structure, and size of the raw material supply unit 3 are not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the reactor 1 and supply raw materials M to the reactor 1. They can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, for example, a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped. Also, if a part of the reactor 1 has an opening, this opening can be used as the raw material supply unit 3.

[0113] The location of the raw material supply unit 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the reactor 1 and supply raw materials M to the fluid material 2. It can be appropriately selected depending on the type of raw material M, but it is preferable that it be located in a position where the raw materials M can be supplied from above the fluid material 2. Figure 1 shows the raw material supply unit 3 being located on the upper surface in the longitudinal direction of the reactor 1, but it may also be located on the side of the reactor 1.

[0114] <Inert gas supply unit 4> The inert gas supply unit 4 is a component connected to one end of the reactor 1 and positioned to supply inert gas G to the fluid material 2 from a direction opposite to the direction of gravity. Examples of the inert gas supply unit 4 include an inert gas flow section 4a through which the inert gas G flows, and a pump 4b that flows the inert gas G in a fixed amount for a fixed period of time.

[0115] The inert gas flow section 4a is connected to the reactor 1. In this disclosure, "connection" of the inert gas flow section 4a to the reactor 1 means that the inside of the inert gas flow section 4a and the inside of the reactor 1 are in communication so that the inert gas G can pass through them.

[0116] The location of the inert gas supply unit 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the reactor 1 and can allow the fluidizing material 2 to flow. The location can be appropriately selected depending on the type of inert gas G. However, from the viewpoint of allowing the fluidizing material 2 to flow, it is preferable to position the inert gas supply unit 4 in a location that can supply the inert gas G to the fluidizing material 2 from a direction opposite to the vertical. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the inert gas supply unit 4 can be placed on the lower surface of the reactor 1 in the Y-axis direction. However, the location of the inert gas supply unit 4 is not limited to this. As long as it can be connected to the reactor 1 and can allow the fluidizing material 2 to flow, the inert gas supply unit 4 may also be placed on the upper surface of the reactor 1 in the Y-axis direction, or on the side surface of the reactor 1 in the X-axis direction.

[0117] As for the type of inert gas G, those described in the section (Method of Manufacturing Chemical Products) of this disclosure can be used.

[0118] <Heating section 5> The heating section 5 is a component that heats the reactor 1. The structure, shape, material, and size of the heating section 5 are not particularly limited as long as they can heat the reactor 1, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0119] There are no particular restrictions on the heating method of the heating section 5. It may be an external heating method in which the reactor 1 is heated by heat transfer from the outside, or an internal heating method in which the reactor 1 is heated from inside. For the heating section 5 of the external heating method, for example, a known electric furnace can be used. For the heating section 5 of the internal heating method, for example, a resistance heating method can be used in which a resistor such as an electric heating wire is placed inside the reactor 1 and heat is generated by applying a voltage to the resistor.

[0120] The temperature of the fluid material 2 can be measured by inserting a thermocouple into the center of the fluid material 2.

[0121] <Other components> Other components are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate depending on the purpose. Examples include a product extraction unit 6, a storage unit 7, a cooling unit 8, a gaseous product recovery unit 9, and a measuring unit for measuring the yield of useful components.

[0122] <<Product extraction section 6>> The product extraction unit 6 is a component that extracts the chemical product R from the reactor 1. The product extraction unit 6 may include a product flow unit 6a through which the chemical product R flows, and a pump 6b that flows the chemical product R in a fixed amount for a fixed period of time.

[0123] The product extraction unit 6 is connected to the reactor 1. In this disclosure, "connection" of the product extraction unit 6 to the reactor 1 means that the inside of the product flow section 6a of the product extraction unit 6 and the inside of the reactor 1 are in communication so that the chemical R can pass through them.

[0124] The structure, shape, material, and size of the product extraction section 6 are not particularly limited as long as they can extract the chemical product R processed in the reactor 1, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples include cylindrical shapes and rectangular parallelepipeds. Furthermore, if a part of the reactor 1 has an opening, this opening can also be used as the product extraction section 6.

[0125] The location of the product extraction unit 6 is not particularly limited as long as it can be connected to the reactor 1, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of chemical R. Figure 1 shows the product extraction unit 6 positioned on the lower surface in the Y-axis direction of the reactor 1, but the product extraction unit 6 may also be positioned on the upper surface in the Y-axis direction of the reactor 1, or on the side surface in the X-axis direction of the reactor 1.

[0126] In reactor 1, chemical product R is produced from raw material M, so raw material M and chemical product R may be mixed inside reactor 1. Therefore, product extraction unit 6 may extract not only chemical product R, but also a mixture of raw material M and chemical product R. In addition, if by-products are produced in reactor 1, product extraction unit 6 may also extract the by-products.

[0127] <<Storage Section 7>> The storage section 7 is a component for storing raw materials M, including plastic.

[0128] The structure, shape, material, and size of the storage section 7 are not particularly limited as long as they can store the raw material M, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0129] There are no particular restrictions on the number of storage units 7; there may be one or multiple. If the manufacturing apparatus 100 has multiple storage units 7, for example, multiple types of raw materials M can be stored separately. For example, if the raw material M is a plastic containing polyolefin and at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic plastics and chlorine-containing plastics, it can be used to store plastics with different compositions and content rates of each component.

[0130] <<Cooling section 8>> The cooling section 8 is a component that cools the chemical product R obtained by passing through the reactor 1. By cooling the chemical product R, the liquid component of the chemical product R can be recovered within the cooling section.

[0131] Examples of the cooling section 8 include a cooling trap 8a for cooling the chemical R and a cooling section 8b for cooling the cooling trap 8a. The structure, shape, material, and size of the cooling trap 8a and the cooling section 8b are not particularly limited as long as they can cool the chemical R, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

[0132] The cooling trap 8a may contain an organic solvent 8c for dissolving the chemical R. The organic solvent 8c can condense the useful components in the chemical R, especially the liquid useful components. A non-aqueous solvent is preferred as the organic solvent for dissolving the chemical R. Examples of non-aqueous solvents include aromatic organic solvents such as monochlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, and mesitylene. It is preferable that the outlet of the product extraction section 6 is placed in the organic solvent 8c so that the chemical R (e.g., the generated gas) bubbles in the organic solvent 8c.

[0133] The useful components dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent can be suitably separated by further distillation at atmospheric pressure.

[0134] The cooling section 8b is not particularly limited as long as it can cool the cooling trap 8a, and may, for example, contain a refrigerant 8d. Examples of refrigerant 8d include ice water.

[0135] <<Gaseous product recovery unit 9>> The gaseous product recovery unit 9 is a component that recovers gaseous products from the chemical product R containing useful components produced by the manufacturing apparatus 100. The gaseous product recovery unit 9 may consist of only one unit or two or more units.

[0136] There are no particular restrictions on the structure, shape, material, and size of the gas product recovery unit 9, and they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and the type of chemical R, including known containers.

[0137] Furthermore, the gaseous product recovery unit 9 may contain a solvent capable of separating useful components. There are no particular restrictions on the solvent, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the type of useful component to be recovered. For example, ethanol, hexane, dimethylformamide, cyclopentane, and water can be used as solvents for extracting useful components from the chemical product R as a liquid product.

[0138] The useful components in the gaseous product can be suitably separated by further pressurized distillation.

[0139] <<Measurement section>> The measuring unit is a component that measures the yield of useful components in chemical product R, which contains useful components manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus 100.

[0140] The measuring unit may be located inside the manufacturing apparatus 100, or it may be connected to and provided outside the manufacturing apparatus 100.

[0141] The measuring unit is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the yield of useful components in chemical product R, and any known measuring device may be used. Examples of known measuring devices include flame ionization detectors (FIDs) and thermal conduction detectors (TCDs).

[0142] There are no particular restrictions on the structure, shape, material, and size of the measuring section; they can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and type of product.

[0143] [Example of manufacturing equipment operation] Next, an example of the operation of the manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described. The manufacturing apparatus 100, for example, performs the function of fluidizing the fluid material 2 in the reactor 1 by supplying an inert gas G from the direction opposite to the direction of gravity using an inert gas supply unit 4. Then, the heating unit 5 performs the function of heating in the method of manufacturing the compound of the disclosure by heating the reactor 1 to a desired temperature. While the reactor 1 is being heated by the heating unit 5, the raw material M containing plastic stored in the storage unit 7 is supplied to the reactor 1 by the raw material supply unit 3, thereby performing the function of supply in the method of manufacturing the compound of the disclosure. The reactor 1 is a fluidized bed reactor in the method of manufacturing the compound of the disclosure.

[0144] The chemical product R, which is a product containing useful components obtained by heating, can be recovered and separated in the cooling unit 8 and the gaseous product recovery unit 9 in the method for producing the compound of this disclosure.

[0145] The chemicals produced by the manufacturing apparatus 100 of this disclosure are as described in the method for producing compounds of this disclosure.

[0146] Furthermore, various processes in the manufacturing apparatus 100, such as the timing and speed of supplying raw material M by the raw material supply unit 3, the timing and speed of supplying inert gas G by the inert gas supply unit 4, and the timing, heating temperature, and heating time of heating by the heating unit 5, are performed by the signal processing unit processing signals to each unit. The signal processing unit is an electronic circuit such as a CPU, FPGA, or ASIC, and performs the various processes described in this specification by executing instruction codes stored in memory or by designing the circuit for special applications.

[0147] (Flow material) The fluid material of this disclosure is a fluid material used in a fluidized bed for the thermal decomposition of raw materials including plastics, and contains a calcium compound.

[0148] The raw materials, including calcium compounds, fluids, and plastics, are as described in the section (Method of Manufacturing Chemicals) of this disclosure. [Examples]

[0149] The present disclosure will be specifically described below with reference to test examples, embodiments, and comparative examples, but the present disclosure is not limited in any way to these test examples, embodiments, and comparative examples.

[0150] (Test Example 1) <Preparing the equipment> A manufacturing apparatus 100, as shown in Figure 1, was prepared. Specifically, a sieve was placed in the center of a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 15 mm and a height of 550 mm, which served as the reaction furnace 1. Quartz wool was laid down, a stopper 10 was placed, and then the fluidizing agent 2 was added. The type and amount of fluidizing agent 2 used were those described in Example 1, Example 2, or Comparative Example 1 in Table 1. The quartz tube was placed inside a cylindrical electric furnace (product name: ARF-30MC, manufactured by Asahi Rika Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) that was installed vertically, and the quartz tube was positioned so that the fluidizing agent 2 was in the center of the cylindrical electric furnace. The electric furnace is an external heating type heating unit 5. A manual powder feeding device (airless feed cock, manufactured by Asahi Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), which serves as the raw material input section 3b of the raw material supply section 3, and one end of the gas extraction piping, which serves as the product extraction section 6 for extracting gas as the chemical product R, were connected to the top of the electric furnace. In addition, a gas inlet, which serves as the inert gas supply section 4, was connected to the bottom of the electric furnace. The other end of the gas extraction pipe was connected to the inlet side of a cooling trap 8a containing 15 mL of o-dichlorobenzene (reagent grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) as the organic solvent 8c. The cooling trap 8a was placed in a cooling section 8b containing ice water as the refrigerant 8d. One end of another gas extraction pipe was connected to the outlet side of the cooling trap 8a, and the other end of the other gas extraction pipe was connected to a gas bag (volume 10 L) as the gas product recovery section 9. A thermocouple was inserted into the center of the fluid material 2 filled in a quartz tube. Nitrogen gas as the inert gas G was blown in from the gas inlet at a flow rate of 1,600 mL / min, and the electric furnace temperature was set to 800°C to start heating.

[0151] To confirm the behavior of fluid material 2, a blank test was conducted by introducing only nitrogen gas as the inert gas G, without adding raw material M. As a result, it was confirmed that fluid material 2 rose to a height of 7 cm from the sieve in the center of the quartz tube.

[0152] (Example 1) <Preparation of mixed plastics> A mixed plastic was prepared by mixing polyethylene (HDPE, Hyzex® 1300J, manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.), polypropylene (Prime Polypro® J108M, manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd.), polystyrene (PSJ-Polystyrene® SGP10, manufactured by PS Japan Co., Ltd.), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET, NEH-2070, manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) in a ratio of PE:PP:PS:PET = 32:32:20:16 (w / w).

[0153] <Decomposition of mixed plastics> The mixed plastic was decomposed using the apparatus described in Test Example 1. 5 g of calcium oxide (product name: CALFUSE®, particle size: 1 mm to 0.3 mm, manufactured by Tateho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (referred to as "Calcium Oxide A" in Table 1) was used as the fluidizing agent 2. After the furnace reached the set temperature of 800°C and the temperature stabilized, 0.8 g of the mixed plastic was supplied into the quartz tube from a manual powder feeder over 5 minutes while nitrogen gas was introduced from the gas inlet at a flow rate of 1,600 mL / min. The liquid component was then collected in the cooling trap 8a, and the gas component was collected in the gas bag. Five minutes after the supply of the mixed plastic was completed, the gas bag was detached from the apparatus. The cooling trap 8a was then allowed to return to room temperature (25°C ± 5°C) for approximately 3 minutes before being detached from the apparatus.

[0154] (Example 2) The mixed plastic was decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fluidizing agent was changed to calcium oxide (product name: CALFUSE®, particle size: 0.3 mm or less, manufactured by Tateho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (shown as "Calcium Oxide B" in Table 1).

[0155] (Comparative Example 1) In Example 1, the mixed plastic was decomposed using the same method as in Example 1, except that the fluidizing agent was changed to a conventional fluidizing agent, silica sand (product name: Ube Silica Sand No. 6, particle size: 0.6 mm to 0.07 mm, manufactured by Ube Sand Industries Co., Ltd.).

[0156] <<Analysis of gas bag contents>> In Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1, the yield of useful components in the pyrolysis gas recovered in the gas bag was determined as a ratio (mass%) to the amount of raw material containing plastic used, by the following method.

[0157] The gas bag contains cyclopentane (>98.0%, density 0.75 g / cm³) as an internal standard substance. 3 40 μL of (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added. The gas bag was heated to approximately 40°C to completely vaporize the contents, and then the contents were mixed by gently kneading the gas bag. The obtained contents were used as an analytical sample and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) under the following GC analysis conditions. The proportion of each component (Cmol%) relative to carbon atoms in the pyrolysis gas in the gas bag was determined from the ratio of the peak area of ​​cyclopentane to the peak area of ​​each component. The mass of each component in the pyrolysis gas in the gas bag was calculated from this value and the amount of cyclopentane (40 μL) added to the gas bag, and the yield (mass%) relative to the raw material M was determined. The results are shown in Table 1. [GC analysis conditions] • Equipment: Nexus GC-2030 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) • Column: Rt-Alumina BOND (Diameter: 0.32mm, Length: 30m, manufactured by Restek) • Carrier gas type: Ar • Carrier gas flow rate: 360 mL / min Injection temperature: 200℃ • Sample injection volume: 1 mL • Split ratio: 1 / 200 • Column temperature: After being held at 120°C for 9 minutes, the temperature was increased to 200°C at a rate of 10°C / min, and then held at 200°C for 30 minutes. • Detector: Flame ionization detector (FID) • Detector temperature: 200℃

[0158] <<Analysis of contents of cooling trap 8a>> In Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1, the yield of useful components in the pyrolysis components recovered in the cooling trap 8a was determined as a ratio (mass%) to the amount of raw material containing plastic, using the following method.

[0159] The contents of cooling trap 8a were transferred to a sample vial. 2 mL of o-dichlorobenzene (reagent grade, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to the nearly empty cooling trap 8a to dissolve the remaining contents, which were then transferred to the sample vial. This process was repeated three times to thoroughly wash the cooling trap 8a. Approximately 0.3 g of cyclopentane (>98.0%, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was weighed and added to the sample vial as an internal standard to prepare the analytical sample. The sample was then analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) under the following GC analysis conditions. The carbon-based percentage (Cmol%) of each component in the pyrolysis components of cooling trap 8a was determined from the ratio of the peak area of ​​cyclopentane to the peak area of ​​each component. The mass of each component in the pyrolysis components of cooling trap 8a was calculated from this value and the amount of cyclopentane added to the sample vial (0.3 g), and the yield (mass%) relative to the raw material M was determined. The results are shown in Table 1. [GC analysis conditions] • Equipment: Nexus GC-2030 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) • Column: DB-1 (Diameter: 0.25mm, Length: 30m, manufactured by Agilent Technology) • Carrier gas type: He • Carrier gas flow rate: 97 mL / min Injection temperature: 350℃ • Sample injection volume: 1 μL • Split ratio: 1 / 50 • Column temperature: Set the heating program in the following order: 35°C (10 minutes) → heating (5°C / minute) → 350°C (10 minutes). • Detector: Flame ionization detector (FID) • Detector temperature: 350℃

[0160] In Table 1, "Yield of useful components" refers to the ratio of the mass of each product listed in Table 1 to the mass of the mixed plastic as raw material M.

[0161] Furthermore, in Table 1, the "Increase in Total Yield of Ethylene and Propylene" indicates the ratio of the total yield of ethylene and propylene in Example 1 or Example 2 to the total yield of ethylene and propylene in Comparative Example 1. If the increase in the total yield of ethylene and propylene exceeds 100%, it is determined that the fluid material containing the calcium compound has a higher ethylene and propylene production efficiency than conventional fluid materials.

[0162] Furthermore, in Table 1, "total yield of useful components" is the ratio of the mass of the product, which consists of olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and useful aromatic hydrocarbons, to the mass of the mixed plastic as raw material M. "Useful components" refers to ethylene, propylene, olefins having 4 carbon atoms (trans-2-butene, 1-butene, 2-methylpropene, cis-2-butene, 1,3-butadiene, and isobutene), and useful aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, three positional isomers of xylene (p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene), and styrene). It represents.

[0163] Furthermore, in Table 1, "(D) / (C)(NmL / cm 2 "· seconds)" is the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the reactor 1 at the lower end of the part containing the fluid material 2, 1 cm² 2 This represents the flow rate of inert gas per unit area. Since the unit of the inert gas flow velocity (D) is converted, the actual calculation formula is (D) / 60 / (C).

[0164] [Table 1]

[0165] From a comparison between Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example 1, it was found that using a fluidizing agent containing a calcium compound improved the yield of ethylene and propylene. In particular, in Example 2, which used calcium oxide with a particle size of 0.3 mm or less, the yield of ethylene and propylene was greatly improved.

[0166] As described above, this disclosure has been explained based on specific embodiments and examples, but these embodiments and examples are merely presented as examples, and this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and examples. The above embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various combinations, omissions, substitutions, additions, modifications, etc., are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims of the invention and its equivalents. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0167] 100: Manufacturing equipment 1: Reactor 2: Fluidized material 3: Raw material supply section 3a: Raw material distribution department 3b: Raw material input section 4: Inert gas supply unit 4a: Inert gas flow section 4b: Pump 5 : Heating part 6: Product extraction section 6a: Product distribution department 6b: Pump 7: Storage section 8: Cooling section 8a: Cooling trap 8b: Cooling section 8c: Organic solvents 8d: Refrigerant 9: Gaseous product recovery section 10: Stopper M: Raw material G: Inert gas R: Chemicals

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing chemical products, Introducing an inert gas into a reactor containing a fluid material containing a calcium compound, and causing the fluid material to flow, Heating the aforementioned reactor, The process involves supplying raw materials containing plastic to the heated reactor, Includes, A method for producing a chemical product, characterized in that the chemical product contains ethylene and propylene.

2. The method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1, wherein the calcium compound includes calcium oxide.

3. A method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the particle size of the fluid material is 0.3 mm or less.

4. The method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the heating temperature of the reaction furnace is 650°C or higher and 1,000°C or lower.

5. A method for producing a chemical product according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the raw material containing the plastic includes a mixed plastic containing polyethylene and polypropylene.

6. A chemical manufacturing apparatus, A reactor containing a fluid material containing calcium compounds, A raw material supply unit connected to the reactor and supplying raw materials including plastic to the reactor, An inert gas supply unit is connected to one end of the reactor and is positioned to supply inert gas to the fluid material from a direction opposite to the direction of gravity, A heating section for heating the aforementioned reactor, A chemical manufacturing apparatus characterized by having the following features.

7. The apparatus for producing a chemical product according to claim 6, wherein the calcium compound includes calcium oxide.

8. A fluidizing agent used in a fluidized bed for the thermal decomposition of raw materials including plastics, A fluid material characterized by containing a calcium compound.

9. The fluid material according to claim 8, wherein the calcium compound comprises calcium oxide.

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