Functional element and composite glass capable of electrically controlling optical functions in each region

Abstract

The present application provides a functional element and composite glass whose optical functions can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis. The functional element whose optical functions can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis comprises at least one first transparent substrate and at least one second transparent substrate, a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode each having at least one bus bar and disposed between the first and second transparent substrates, and a dimming functional layer disposed between the first and second planar electrodes, and has a plurality of cut surfaces, exposing the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode to the outside. The functional element whose optical functions can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis according to the present application greatly simplifies the complexity of manufacturing an optical functional element whose optical functions are electrically controlled by dividing it into partitions, reduces pressure drops between different partitioned functional areas, and ensures consistency of the optical properties of each independent functional area.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202310067709.2 filed on January 13, 2023, and Chinese patent application No. 202320117169.X filed on January 13, 2023, and the contents disclosed in the above patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of special types of glass products (optical and electrical), in particular functional elements and composite glasses whose optical functions can be electrically controlled area by area. [Background technology]

[0003] Referring to FIG. 1, the patent with publication number CN114072281A discloses a functional element having electrically controllable optical functions, in which a synchronous cut line 16 and bus bars 18 and 19 are provided so that each region can be individually controlled.

[0004] In the prior art, the general direction of the synchronization cut line and the bus bar direction are parallel or nearly parallel, resulting in a narrow area between the bus bar and the individual control area, such as the intermediate area between the different cut lines shown in Figure 1. This intermediate area has significantly higher resistance than the partition functional area, and the farther the partition functional area is from the bus bar, the higher the resistance of the intermediate area. This results in a significant pressure drop at the same voltage. To match the optical characteristics of the different partition functional areas, the resistance of the planar electrodes must be reduced (increasing costs) or the voltage must be increased (increasing usage risks). Meanwhile, when using the above cut line method to cut the partitions, the path of the cut line must consist of at least one vertical and one horizontal section, increasing manufacturing complexity. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application greatly simplifies the complexity of manufacturing partitioned and electrically controlled optical functional elements, reduces the pressure drop between different partitioned functional areas, and controls the functional elements whose optical functions can be electrically controlled on an area-by-area basis, which can ensure the consistency of the optical properties of each independent functional area.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions: [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present application provides a method for manufacturing a transparent substrate, comprising: at least one first transparent substrate and at least one second transparent substrate; a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, each of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode having at least one bus bar; a light-controlling layer provided between the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode; a plurality of cut surfaces are provided, and the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode are exposed to the outside; The second planar electrode has partition cut lines that cut the second planar electrode into independent sections along a direction perpendicular to the bus bars on the second planar electrode, and the number of independent sections corresponds to the number of bus bars on the second planar electrode, providing a functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, at least some of the bus bars on the second planar electrode and at least some of the bus bars on the first planar electrode are located on the same side of the functional element.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus bar on the first planar electrode has a bent line shape and is located on one side of the bus bar on the second planar electrode and on an adjacent side of the bent line.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2The length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumferential length of the cross section of the functional element.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus bars on the second planar electrode and the bus bars on the first planar electrode are located on the same side of the functional element.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2 and the length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 100 mm or more.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus bars on the first planar electrode are located adjacent to one side of the bus bars on the second planar electrode of the functional element.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2 The length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumferential length of the maximum cross section of the functional element.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of cutting surfaces comprises a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface, a third cutting surface, and a fourth cutting surface; the first cross section is cut through the first transparent substrate, the first planar electrode, and the light-controlling functional layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the second planar electrode; the second cutting plane is formed by cutting the first transparent substrate, the first planar electrode, and the light-controlling functional layer along a direction parallel to the bus bar on the second planar electrode; the third cutting plane is formed by cutting the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the light-controlling functional layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the first planar electrode; The fourth cutting plane cuts the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the light-controlling functional layer along a direction parallel to the bus bar on the second planar electrode.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of cut surfaces cut the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the dimming function layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the first planar electrode, and further include a fifth cut surface intersecting the fourth cut surface.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the length of the relatively short busbar to the relatively long busbar among the busbars on the second planar electrode and the busbars on the first planar electrode is 0.5 or more.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the minimum distance between the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode in a horizontal projection plane is 5 mm or more.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the lead body further comprises conductors corresponding to the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of leads is equal to or greater than the sum of the number of bus bars on the first planar electrode and the number of bus bars on the second planar electrode.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the light-controlling functional layer comprises one or a combination of a PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal, liquid crystal electrically controlled) light-controlling film, an EC (Electrochromic) light-controlling film, an SPD (Suspended Particle Device) light-controlling film, and an LV (Light Valve) light-controlling film.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a composite glass that includes a functional element capable of electrically controlling the above-mentioned optical function for each region, and that is used as at least one of a skylight, side window, front window, and rear window mounted on a vehicle, and as interior or exterior glass of a building, to perform a sun protection or anti-peeping function.

[0023] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present application provide a functional element and composite glass whose optical function can be electrically controlled by region, and the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled by region comprises at least one first transparent substrate and at least one second transparent substrate, a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode used between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, each having at least one bus bar, and a dimming functional layer used between the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode, and has multiple cutting surfaces to expose the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode to the outside, and the second planar electrode has partition cut lines, which cut the second planar electrode into independent sections along a direction perpendicular to the bus bars on the second planar electrode, and the number of independent sections corresponds to the number of bus bars on the second planar electrode. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] The functional element according to the present application, which allows the optical functions to be electrically controlled on an area-by-area basis, can greatly simplify the complexity of manufacturing an optical functional element that is partitioned and electrically controlled, reduce the pressure drop between different partition functional areas, and match the optical properties of each independent functional area.

[0025] In the following, in order to clearly explain the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described. Of course, the drawings described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive ideas. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] Schematic diagram of the structure of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions in each region according to the prior art [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 3] A plan view of a functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical function of each region in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 1 is another schematic structural diagram of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 5] A side view of a functional element in which the optical function of Figure 3 can be electrically controlled for each region. [Figure 6] Schematic diagram of the location of conductors according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] 1 is another schematic structural diagram of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 8] A plan view of a functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical function of FIG. 7 for each region. [Figure 9] A side view of a functional element in which the optical function of FIG. 8 can be electrically controlled for each region. [Figure 10] A plan view of a functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical function of each region in FIG. 4. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a side view of a functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical function of each region in FIG. 10. [Figure 12] 11 is another side view of the functional element of FIG. 10 that can electrically control the optical function for each region (opposite to the side direction of FIG. 11). [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic diagram of a conductor structure according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 14] Enlarged schematic diagram of the circled area in Figure 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] In order to more clearly explain the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings. Here, the outlined embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are for the purpose of interpreting the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Of course, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and do not represent all of the embodiments. It should be understood that any other embodiments that a person skilled in the art can obtain based on the present application without any inventive efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Referring to FIG. 2, a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: At least one first transparent substrate 1 and at least one second transparent substrate 2; a first planar electrode 3 and a second planar electrode 4, each of which has at least one bus bar 5, located between a first transparent substrate 1 and a second transparent substrate 2; a light-controlling layer (6) located between the first planar electrode (3) and the second planar electrode (4); The functional element has a plurality of cut surfaces (7, 8, 9, 10) to expose the bus bars (5) on the first planar electrode (3) and the bus bars (5) on the second planar electrode (4) to the outside; The second planar electrode 4 has partition cut lines 11, which cut the second planar electrode 4 into independent sections along a direction perpendicular to the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4, and the number of independent sections corresponds to the number of bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 (i.e., each independent section divided by the partition cut lines 11 corresponds to one bus bar 5).

[0029] Compared to functional elements capable of electrically controlling optical functions according to conventional technology, the functional elements capable of electrically controlling optical functions by region according to the embodiments of the present application can control individual regions by using a cut line and bus bar installation method, which greatly simplifies the complexity of manufacturing optical functional elements that are partitioned and electrically controlled, reduces pressure drops between each partition functional region, and ensures consistency of the optical properties of each independent functional region.

[0030] 2, in some embodiments of the present application, at least a portion of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and at least a portion of the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 are located on the same side of the functional element, which includes both a situation in which the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is in a folded line shape (the folded line is located on one side of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and on the adjacent side of that side at the same time; an embodiment of a folded line shape is not shown in FIG. 2) and a situation in which the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is in a line segment shape (only located on one side of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4).

[0031] All or part of the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are located on one side of a functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled on an area-by-area basis, the main purpose of which is to reduce manufacturing costs and the difficulty of composite processing when designing the subsequent flat conductor.

[0032] Continuing with reference to FIG. 2, in some embodiments of the present application, the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are separated by a light-controlling functional layer 6 .

[0033] The busbars 5 of the first planar electrode 3 and the second planar electrode 4 are not directly adjacent to each other but are separated by the dimming function layer 6. The busbars 5 of the first planar electrode 3 and the second planar electrode 4 are placed on different planar electrode surfaces and are processed from different transparent substrates to form corresponding substrate cut surfaces during processing. If the distance between the two electrodes is too narrow, the distance between the two electrodes will be too close when cutting the transparent substrate, resulting in cuts or burn-through due to high voltage, or they will interfere with each other during processing, damaging the corresponding busbars.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is in the form of a folded line (the folded line is simultaneously located on one side of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and on the adjacent side of that side), and is located on one side of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and on the adjacent side of that side.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, when the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is bent and located on one side of the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and on the adjacent side of the bent busbar 5, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2 The length of the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumferential length of the cross section of the functional element.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 are located on one side of the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 of the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis and on an adjacent side of the one side, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis is 0.5 m 2As described above, the length of bus bar 5 on first planar electrode 3 is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumferential length of the maximum cross section of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region.

[0037] In this embodiment, the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is folded, with one side of the folded line located on the same side as the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and the other side located on the adjacent side (the side corresponding to the bottom edge of Figure 3). This embodiment achieves the effect of increasing the area of ​​the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled in each region, and also increasing the pressure drop at the corresponding end of the functional element. If the electrode is too short, the front optical state will not be consistent, and if the electrode is too long, it will be disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing and cost. Therefore, selecting the busbar length has an important impact on the function of the functional element.

[0038] On the other hand, referring to Figure 3, the cross-sectional area here refers to the largest of the three cross-sectional areas obtained by the three sides (length, width, height) of a functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled for each region, and in Figure 3, the cross-sectional area is obtained by multiplying the lengths of the two sides.

[0039] In addition to the embodiment in which the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 are located on one side of the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and on the adjacent side of the one side, the present application further provides an embodiment in which the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 are located on the same side of the functional element. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2 The length of the bus bar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is 100 mm or more.

[0040] The main reason is that the diaphragm area is small and the pressure drop of the flat electrode is limited, so the single-sided electrode can ensure the overall uniformity of the diaphragm. The reason for forming the busbar length to be more than 100 mm is mainly for the convenience of the process.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 4, a bus bar 5 on a first planar electrode 3 is located adjacent to one side of a bus bar 5 on a second planar electrode 4 of the functional element.

[0042] Unlike the functional element shown in FIG. 2, which can electrically control optical functions by region, in this embodiment, the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are located on adjacent sides, i.e., the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are not located on one side of the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3. This design significantly reduces manufacturing costs and the difficulty of complex processing in the subsequent design of the flat conductors. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m 2 As described above, the length of the bus bar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumferential length of the maximum cross section of the functional element.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 (a plan view of a functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis (dotted lines in the drawing correspond to the cutting planes)), the partition cut line 11 not only cuts the second planar electrode 4 at the portion formed by the cutting plane, but also extends further to the step portion of the second planar electrode 4 (from one end to the other end).

[0044] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line in FIG. 3, and the partition cut line 11 is not limited to a particular distance as long as it is located between two adjacent bus bars 5.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 2 , the plurality of cutting surfaces comprises a first cutting surface 7, a second cutting surface 8, a third cutting surface 9 and a fourth cutting surface 10; The first cross section 7 is formed by cutting the first transparent substrate 1, the first planar electrode 3, and the light-controlling function layer 6 along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar 5 on the second planar electrode 4; The second cut surface 8 is formed by cutting the first transparent substrate 1, the first planar electrode 3, and the light-controlling function layer 6 along a direction parallel to the bus bar 5 on the second planar electrode 4, The third cut surface 9 is formed by cutting the second transparent substrate 2, the second planar electrode 4, and the light-controlling function layer 6 along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar 5 on the first planar electrode 3; The fourth cutting plane 10 cuts second transparent substrate 2 , second planar electrode 4 and light-modulating function layer 6 along a direction parallel to bus bar 5 on second planar electrode 4 .

[0046] By the above cutting method, the first cut surface 7 and the second cut surface 8 blend together to expose the bus bar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 to the outside of the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled for each region, and the third cut surface 9 and the fourth cut surface 10 blend together to expose the bus bar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 to the outside of the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled for each region. Meanwhile, the first cut surface 7 and the second cut surface 8 intersect with each other, and the first cut surface 7 and the second cut surface 8 intersect with each other.

[0047] Here, when a plurality of busbars 5 are formed on the first planar electrode 3, they may be of the same type or different types. Similarly, when a plurality of busbars 5 are formed on the second planar electrode 4, they may be of the same type or different types, and the types of the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the second planar electrode 4 may be the same or different types.

[0048] Here, the direction of the busbar 5 refers to the length direction, while the cutting direction refers to a direction roughly perpendicular to the busbar 5, but absolute perpendicularity is not required, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the partition cut line 11 may be generally perpendicular to the direction of the busbar 5. Referring to FIG. 6, the partition cut line 11 is bent at the position of the busbar 5, bypasses the busbar 5 at that position, and then extends along a direction generally perpendicular to the busbar 5.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 7 , some embodiments of the present application provide another cutting method, in which the multiple cutting planes cut the second transparent substrate 2, the second planar electrode 4, and the light-controlling functional layer 6 along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar 5 on the first planar electrode 3, and further include a fifth cutting plane 12 intersecting with the fourth cutting plane 10.

[0051] FIG. 8 is a plan view of a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region according to the above embodiment (the dotted lines in the drawing correspond to the cut surfaces), and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted lines in FIG.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are located on adjacent sides, i.e., the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are not located on the same side of the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3. Referring to Figures 4, 10 to 12, the third cut plane 9 is divided from the relative side of the busbars 5 of the second planar electrode 4 (functional elements whose optical functions can be electrically controlled by region), and does not extend to the side of the busbars 5 of the second planar electrode 4, but stops after intersecting with the fourth cut plane 10.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the length of the relatively short busbars 5 to the length of the relatively long busbars 5 between the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 is 0.5 or more. Specifically, the difference in length between the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 and the busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 does not exceed 50%. If the difference in length between the busbars is too large, the optical performance will be poor. Therefore, the difference is preferably less than 30%, and more preferably less than 10%.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the busbar 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the busbar 5 on the second planar electrode 4 located on the same side of a functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled on a region-by-region basis is 5 mm or more.

[0055] The busbars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the busbars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are located on different planar electrode surfaces and must be processed from different transparent substrates to form corresponding substrate cut surfaces during processing. Therefore, if the spacing is too narrow, the distance between the two electrodes will be too short when cutting the transparent substrate, resulting in cuts, or burn-through due to high voltage, or they will interfere with each other during processing and damage the corresponding busbars.

[0056] Referring to FIGS. 6, 13, and 14, in some embodiments of the present application, a functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region includes: The lead body 13 further includes conductors 14 corresponding to the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 .

[0057] Preferably, the conductor 14 is a flat conductor. Furthermore, the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4 are led out by the same flat conductor, which is formed on a flexible printed circuit board, and each lead body 13 of the flat conductor corresponds to the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4. In the drawing, 15 is a protective layer, and 16 is an external weld (preferably, the conductor 14 in FIG. 13 is formed from conductive copper foil).

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, the number of lead bodies 13 is equal to or greater than the sum of the number of bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the number of bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4. That is, the number of flat conductor lead bodies 13 is equal to or greater than the total number of conductors of the bus bars 5 on the first planar electrode 3 and the bus bars 5 on the second planar electrode 4.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the light control function layer 6 may be any one or a combination of a PDLC light control film, an EC light control film, an SPD light control film, and an LV light control film (the light control function layer 6 may be a light control technology such as PDLC, EC, SPD, LV, etc.).

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, when there are a plurality of first transparent substrates 1 and a plurality of second transparent substrates 2, the plurality of first transparent substrates 1 and the plurality of second transparent substrates 2 are arranged vertically. That is, in the vertical direction, N second transparent substrates 2 (covered vertically one by one), second planar electrode 4, light control functional layer 6, first planar electrode 3, and N first transparent substrates 1 (covered vertically one by one) are arranged in the order shown in FIG. 1 (from bottom to top), where the N second transparent substrates 2 are replaced with N different transparent substrates, and the N first transparent substrates 1 are similarly replaced with N different transparent substrates, but the corresponding first transparent substrates 1 on both sides of the light control functional layer 6 should match the second transparent substrates 2.

[0061] In one embodiment, the present application provides composite glass that includes a functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical functions of any of the above embodiments for each region, and that is used as at least one of a skylight, side window, front window, and rear window mounted on a vehicle, and as interior or exterior glass of a building, and that performs a sun protection or anti-peeping function.

[0062] The composite glass installed in a vehicle according to the above embodiment does not affect the line of sight between passengers and the outside of the vehicle, i.e., does not affect the function of the vehicle window itself, and can control the optical properties of the vehicle glass in each region, and can control the optical properties of different positions of the vehicle glass in any block within the same region.

[0063] Composite glass can be used as subway window glass, train window glass, bus window glass, interior window glass of steamship, both sides of the interior window glass of airplane, and interior or exterior glass of building, and can realize the functions of sun protection or anti-peeping.

[0064] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present application provide a functional element and composite glass whose optical function can be electrically controlled by region, and the functional element whose optical function can be electrically controlled by region comprises at least one first transparent substrate and at least one second transparent substrate, a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode used between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, each having at least one bus bar, and a dimming functional layer used between the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode, and has multiple cutting surfaces to expose the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode to the outside, and the second planar electrode has partition cut lines, which cut the second planar electrode into independent sections along a direction perpendicular to the bus bars on the second planar electrode, and the number of independent sections corresponds to the number of bus bars on the second planar electrode.

[0065] Compared with functional elements that electrically control optical functions according to the prior art, the functional elements according to the embodiments of the present application that can electrically control optical functions by region can greatly simplify the complexity of manufacturing optical functional elements that can control individual regions on the one hand and partition and electrically control on the other by installing cut lines and bus bars, reduce the pressure drop between different partition functional regions, and ensure the consistency of the optical properties of each independent functional region.

[0066] In this specification, for the convenience of explanation, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "base," "inner," "outer," etc. are defined based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings. However, this does not expressly or imply that related devices or elements are necessarily located in a specific orientation, configured, or operated in a specific orientation, and the present application is not limited thereto. Meanwhile, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for the convenience of description, and do not imply relative importance or the number of related components. Therefore, components defined by "first," "second," etc. may be expressly or implicitly comprised of one or more. Unless otherwise defined in this application, "plurality" means two or more.

[0067] The terms "one embodiment," "one specific embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" mean that the specific components, structures, materials, or features described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, general descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. On the other hand, the specific components, structures, materials, or features described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The order of steps mentioned in each embodiment generally describes the implementation of the present application, and the order of steps therein is not limited to these and can be appropriately adjusted as needed.

[0068] Unless otherwise specified or limited in this application, the terms "attached," "connected," and "coupled" should be interpreted in a broad sense, and may mean, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediary, or the interiors of two elements communicate with each other. Those skilled in the art should understand the specific meanings that the above terms have in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above have explained in detail the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application, but the above content is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. It should be understood that all amendments, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the scope that does not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A functional element capable of electrically controlling optical functions for each region, at least one first transparent substrate and at least one second transparent substrate; a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, each of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode having at least one bus bar; a light-controlling function layer provided between the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode, a plurality of cut surfaces are provided, and the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode are exposed to the outside; the second planar electrode has partition cut lines, the partition cut lines cut the second planar electrode into independent sections along a direction perpendicular to the bus bars on the second planar electrode, and the number of the independent sections corresponds to the number of the bus bars on the second planar electrode. A functional element that can electrically control optical functions in each area.

2. at least a portion of the bus bar on the second planar electrode and a portion of the bus bar on the first planar electrode are located on the same side of the functional element; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

3. the bus bar on the first planar electrode has a bent line shape and is located on one side of the bus bar on the second planar electrode and on an adjacent side of the one side.

3. The functional element according to claim 2, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

4. The cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m ２ and wherein the length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumference of the cross section of the functional element.

4. A functional element according to claim 3, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

5. the bus bars on the second planar electrode and the bus bars on the first planar electrode are located on the same side of the functional element.

3. The functional element according to claim 2, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

6. The cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m ２ and the length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 100 mm or more.

6. A functional element according to claim 5, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

7. the bus bar on the first planar electrode is located adjacent to one side of the bus bar on the second planar electrode of the functional element; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

8. The cross-sectional area of ​​the functional element is 0.5 m ２ and wherein the length of the bus bar on the first planar electrode is 300 mm or more and does not exceed half the circumference of the maximum cross section of the functional element.

8. A functional element according to claim 7, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

9. the plurality of cut surfaces include a first cut surface, a second cut surface, a third cut surface, and a fourth cut surface; the first cutting plane cuts the first transparent substrate, the first planar electrode, and the light-controlling function layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the second planar electrode; the second cutting plane is formed by cutting the first transparent substrate, the first planar electrode, and the light-controlling function layer along a direction parallel to the bus bar on the second planar electrode; the third cut surface is formed by cutting the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the light-controlling function layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the first planar electrode; the fourth cut surface is formed by cutting the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the light-controlling function layer along a direction parallel to a bus bar on the second planar electrode; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

10. the plurality of cut surfaces are formed by cutting the second transparent substrate, the second planar electrode, and the light control function layer along a direction perpendicular to the bus bar on the first planar electrode, and further include a fifth cut surface intersecting the fourth cut surface.

10. The functional element according to claim 9, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

11. a ratio of a length of a relatively short bus bar to a relatively long bus bar among the bus bars on the second planar electrode and the bus bars on the first planar electrode is 0.5 or more; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

12. a minimum distance between the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode on a horizontal projection plane is 5 mm or more; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

13. the lead body further comprises conductors corresponding to the bus bars on the first planar electrode and the bus bars on the second planar electrode.

2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

14. the number of the lead bodies is equal to or greater than the sum of the number of bus bars on the first planar electrode and the number of bus bars on the second planar electrode. The functional element according to claim 13, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

15. The light control function layer is characterized in that it comprises one or a combination of a PDLC light control film, an EC light control film, an SPD light control film and an LV light control film; 2. The functional element according to claim 1, wherein the optical function can be electrically controlled for each region.

16. A functional element capable of electrically controlling the optical function for each region according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the functional element is used as at least one of a skylight, a side window, a front window, and a rear window mounted on a vehicle, and as an interior or exterior glass of a building, and performs a sunscreen or anti-peeping function. Composite glass.

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