Battery management device with switch failure diagnosis function, system and method including the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery management device having a switch fault diagnosis function, and a system and method including the same. The battery management device includes a main switch provided on a first line connected to one terminal of a battery, a pre-charge circuit including a first pre-charge resistor, a pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge resistor connected in series in this order and connected in parallel across the main switch, a current measurement unit that measures a current flowing through a second line connected to the other terminal of the battery, a diagnostic switch provided on a branch line connecting one end of the pre-charge switch to the second line, and a controller operably coupled to the main switch, the pre-charge switch, the diagnostic switch, and the current measurement unit. The controller may be configured to receive a diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit while the diagnostic switch is turned on or off, and diagnose whether or not at least one of the main switch and the pre-charge switch has a fusion fault based on the magnitude of the diagnostic current value.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery management device having a switch failure diagnosis function, and a system and method including the same, and more particularly to a battery management device that can reliably diagnose whether or not there is a fusion failure of a main switch and a pre-charge switch provided in a line connecting a battery and a load, and a system and method including the same.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0019003, filed on February 13, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety in the specification and drawings thereof. [Background technology]

[0003] Recently, with the rapid increase in demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones, and the full-scale development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, and other products, active research is being conducted on high-performance batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.

[0004] Currently commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among these, lithium batteries have the advantages of being free to charge and discharge because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, an extremely low self-discharge rate, and a high energy density.

[0005] A battery includes multiple cells, which can be connected in series and / or parallel depending on the drive voltage of a load. The load can be a power consuming device, including a power converter such as an inverter, or a charging device that provides charging current to the battery.

[0006] The power line connecting the battery and the load includes a precharge circuit, which is connected in parallel to a main switch of the power line, and which includes a precharge resistor and a precharge switch.

[0007] When the battery and load are connected, the pre-charge switch is turned on first before the main switch is turned on. Then, current flows from the battery to the capacitor included in the input terminal of the load through the pre-charge resistor, charging the capacitor. The magnitude of the capacitor's charging current gradually increases. The capacitor charging time varies depending on the time constant determined by the resistance of the pre-charge resistor and the capacitance of the capacitor. When the capacitor is fully or sufficiently charged, the pre-charge switch is turned off and the main switch is turned on. If the main switch is turned on with the capacitor charged, it is possible to prevent inrush current from flowing from the high-voltage battery to the load. For reference, inrush current can damage circuit components included in the load or cause electric shock.

[0008] On the other hand, if a fusion failure occurs in the main switch, even if the main switch is turned off when the battery and load are connected, an inrush current will flow to the load via the main switch. Also, if a fusion failure occurs in the pre-charge switch, even if both the main switch and pre-charge switch are turned off, the battery will continue to discharge due to the pre-charge resistor.

[0009] Therefore, in this technical field, there is a need for a technique that can reliably diagnose fusion faults between the main switch and the precharge switch.

[0010] One example of related technology is a technology that measures the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of a main switch before turning on a pre-charge switch, and diagnoses that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch if the voltage difference is 0. However, this technology has a limitation in that it cannot diagnose a fusion fault in the pre-charge switch.

[0011] Another example of related technology is a technology that turns off both the main switch and the pre-charge switch, measures the magnitude of the current flowing through the power line, and diagnoses a fusion fault in the main switch if the magnitude of the current exceeds a threshold. However, this technology has the drawback of inaccurately diagnosing the main switch fault because current still flows through the power line even when the main switch is normal and a fusion fault occurs in the pre-charge switch. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The present invention has been made in light of the background of the above-mentioned conventional technology, and has an object to provide a battery management device that can reliably diagnose whether or not there is a fusion fault between a main switch provided in a power line connecting a battery and a load and a precharge switch included in a precharge circuit, as well as a system and method including the same.

[0013] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and will become more clearly understood by the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means recited in the claims and their combinations. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] To achieve the above technical objective, the battery management device with switch fault diagnosis function according to the present invention includes a main switch provided on a first line connected to one terminal of a battery, a pre-charge circuit including a first pre-charge resistor, a pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge resistor connected in series in this order and connected in parallel to both ends of the main switch, a current measuring unit that measures a current flowing through a second line connected to the other terminal of the battery, a diagnostic switch provided on a branch line connecting one end of the pre-charge switch to the second line, and a control unit operably coupled to the main switch, the pre-charge switch, the diagnostic switch, and the current measuring unit.

[0015] The control unit may be configured to receive a diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit while the diagnostic switch is turned on or off, and to diagnose whether or not there is a fusion fault in at least one of the main switch and the pre-charge switch based on the magnitude of the diagnostic current value.

[0016] The battery management device may further include a first voltage measurement unit that measures a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery, and a second voltage measurement unit that measures a load-side voltage between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of the load.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to receive the battery voltage and the load-side voltage from the first voltage measurement unit and the second voltage measurement unit, respectively, and the diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit, while the main switch and the pre-charge switch are turned off, and diagnose that there is no fusion fault in the main switch and the pre-charge switch when the following conditions are met: a difference between the battery voltage and the load-side voltage is greater than a preset threshold voltage, and the diagnostic current value is substantially zero.

[0018] The control unit may be selectively configured to receive a diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit after turning on the diagnostic switch when a condition that a difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is substantially zero and the diagnostic current value is substantially zero is satisfied, and to diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in either the main switch or the pre-charge switch when a condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a preset first threshold current is satisfied.

[0019] The control unit may be selectively configured to diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch and the pre-charge switch when a condition is met that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined second threshold current (greater than the first threshold current).

[0020] In one aspect, the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor have first and second resistance values, respectively, and the first resistance value may be greater than the second resistance value. Also, the first threshold current may be divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current (greater than the first sub-threshold current) determined from the second resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law. In such a case, the control unit may be configured to selectively diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and equal to or less than the second sub-threshold current, diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and equal to or less than the second threshold current, and diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current.

[0021] In another aspect, the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor may have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, and the second resistance value may be greater than the first resistance value. Also, the first threshold current may be divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current (smaller than the first sub-threshold current) determined from the second resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law. In this case, the control unit may be configured to selectively diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and equal to or smaller than the first sub-threshold current, diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and equal to or smaller than the second threshold current, and diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current.

[0022] The battery management device may further include a storage medium operably coupled to the control unit, and the control unit may be configured to record fault diagnosis results for the main switch and the pre-charge switch in the storage medium.

[0023] The battery management device may further include an output device operably coupled to the control unit, and the control unit may be configured to read the diagnostic result from the storage medium and visually output it via the output device.

[0024] The battery management device may further include a communication interface operably coupled to the control unit, and the control unit may be configured to read the diagnostic result from the storage medium and transmit it to the outside via the communication interface.

[0025] The technical object of the present invention can also be achieved by a system including a battery management device including at least one of the above features, and by a vehicle including such a system.

[0026] In order to achieve the above technical objective, the present invention provides a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis, which includes a main switch provided on a first line connected to one terminal of a battery, a pre-charge circuit including a first pre-charge resistor, a pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge resistor connected in series in this order and connected in parallel to both ends of the main switch, a current measurement unit that measures a current flowing through a second line connected to the other terminal of the battery, and a diagnostic switch provided on a branch line connecting one end of the pre-charge switch and the second line, and the method includes: (a) receiving an input of a diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit while the diagnostic switch is turned on or off; and (b) diagnosing the presence or absence of a fusion fault in at least one of the main switch and the pre-charge switch based on the magnitude of the diagnostic current value.

[0027] The battery management method may further include measuring a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery and a load-side voltage between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of the load with the main switch and the pre-charge switch turned off.

[0028] In step (b), the battery management method can diagnose that there is no fusion fault in the main switch and the pre-charge switch when the conditions that the difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is greater than a preset threshold voltage and the diagnostic current value is substantially zero are met.

[0029] In the battery management method, when the conditions that the difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is substantially zero and the diagnostic current value is zero are satisfied in step (a), the diagnostic switch may be turned on and then the diagnostic current value may be input from the current measurement unit.

[0030] In the battery management method, if the condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined first threshold current is satisfied in step (b), it can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in either the main switch or the pre-charge switch.

[0031] In the battery management method, if the condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined second threshold current (greater than the first threshold current) is satisfied in step (b), it can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

[0032] According to one aspect, the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor may have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, the first resistance value being greater than the second resistance value. Also, the first threshold current may be divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current (greater than the first sub-threshold current) determined from the second resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law. In this case, in step (b), the battery management method can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and equal to or less than the second sub-threshold current, diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and equal to or less than the second threshold current, and diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current.

[0033] According to another aspect, the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor may have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, and the second resistance value may be greater than the first resistance value. Also, the first threshold current may be divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current (smaller than the first sub-threshold current) determined from the second resistance value, a fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law. In this case, in step (b), the battery management method can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and the same as or smaller than the first sub-threshold current, diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and the same as or smaller than the second threshold current, and diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current.

[0034] The battery management method may further include recording a failure diagnosis result of the main switch and the pre-charge switch in a storage medium.

[0035] The battery management method may further include reading out the fault diagnosis result of the switch from the storage medium and visually outputting it via an output device.

[0036] The battery management method may further include a step of reading out a fault diagnosis result of the switch from the storage medium and transmitting the result to an external device via a communication interface. [Effects of the Invention]

[0037] According to the present invention, a pre-charge circuit in which a first pre-charge resistor, a pre-charge switch, and a second pre-charge resistor are connected in series in this order is provided, and a diagnostic switch is provided in a branch line connecting one end of the pre-charge switch to a low-potential line of a battery. By analyzing the magnitude of the diagnostic current value measured immediately after turning on the diagnostic switch, it is possible to reliably diagnose whether or not there is a fusion fault in the main switch and / or the pre-charge switch provided in the high-potential line of the battery.

[0038] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0039] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention, serve to further understand the technical concepts of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to only the matters described in the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0040] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a battery management device having a switch failure diagnosis function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a current flowing through a branch line L3 when a fusion fault occurs in a first main switch SW1 and / or a precharge switch SWFC included in a precharge circuit provided in a high potential line of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 10 is a flowchart of a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0041] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms and phrases used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their ordinary and dictionary meanings, but should be construed as having meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical ideas of the present invention, in accordance with the principle that the inventors themselves can appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe the invention.

[0042] Therefore, it should be understood that the configurations shown in the embodiments described in this specification are merely the most desirable embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of ​​the present invention, and that there may be various equivalents and modifications that can be substituted therefor at the time of this application.

[0043] Terms including ordinal numbers such as first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0044] Throughout the specification, when a part "comprises" a certain element, this does not mean that it excludes other elements, but that it may further include other elements, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, terms such as "controller" in the specification refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and can be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0045] Throughout this specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only the case where the part is "directly connected" to another part, but also the case where the part is "indirectly connected" via another element between them.

[0046] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a battery management system 100 having a switch failure diagnosis function according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Referring to FIG. 1 , the battery management device 100 is connected to a battery B and a load L. The load L may be a device that consumes energy from the battery B. The load L may include a capacitor C at its input end. The load L may also include a power converter such as an inverter INV that converts direct current supplied to the battery B into alternating current. In a modified example, the load L may be a charging device (not shown) that supplies a charging current to the battery B.

[0048] The battery management system 100 controls the electrical connection between the battery B and the load L and can diagnose a fusion fault of the switch. In addition, the battery management system 100 can perform an operation of controlling the charging and discharging of the battery B, an operation of measuring the voltage, temperature, and current of the battery B, an operation of determining the state of charge and state of health of the battery B using the voltage, temperature, and current of the battery B, and an operation of protecting the battery B from dangerous situations such as overcharge / overdischarge / overcurrent / short circuit.

[0049] The battery management device 100 may include a first line L1 and a second line L2 that connect a battery B and a load L. The first line L1 and the second line L2 are power lines through which a charging current or a discharging current flows. The first line L1 is a high-voltage line, and the second line L2 is a low-voltage line.

[0050] The battery management device 100 may further include a first main switch SW1 and a second main switch SW2 provided on the first line L1 and the second line L2, respectively. In a modified example, the second main switch SW2 may be omitted.

[0051] The battery management device 100 further includes a first pre-charge resistor 11 and a pre-charge switch SW FC and a second precharge resistor 12, and may include a precharge circuit 10 connected in parallel across the first main switch SW1.

[0052] The first pre-charge resistor 11 is provided adjacent to the battery B, and the second pre-charge resistor 12 is provided adjacent to the load L.

[0053] The first pre-charge resistor 11 may have a first resistance value, and the second pre-charge resistor 12 may have a second resistance value, which may be the same as or different from each other.

[0054] The battery management system 100 may include a current measuring unit 20 that measures the current flowing through the second line L2. The current measuring unit 20 may be a known current sensor that can measure the magnitude of the current. In the embodiment, the current measuring unit 20 includes a sense resistor R S The current measuring unit 20 can output a voltage value indicating the magnitude of the current flowing through the second line L2. The voltage value can be converted into a current value according to Ohm's law. The current measuring unit 20 can be replaced with a Hall sensor that measures the magnitude of the current using the strength of the magnetic field formed around the second line L2.

[0055] The battery management unit 100 also includes a precharge switch SW FC A diagnostic switch SW2 is provided on a branch line L3 connecting one end of the diag The branch line L3 corresponds to a line connected in parallel to the battery B and the load L.

[0056] The battery management device 100 includes a first main switch SW1, a second main switch SW2, a pre-charge switch SW FC , diagnostic switch SW diag and a control unit 30 operably coupled to the current measurement unit 20 .

[0057] In the drawing, symbol S1 is a voltage signal that controls the turning on or off of the first main switch SW1, symbol S2 is a voltage signal that controls the turning on or off of the second main switch SW2, and symbol S FC is the precharge switch SW FCis a voltage signal that controls the turn-on or turn-off of the diag is the diagnostic switch SW diag is a voltage signal that controls the turning on or off of the

[0058] The control unit 30 is a diagnostic switch SW diag When the current measuring unit 20 turns on or off, the diagnostic current value I diag The diagnostic current value I diag Based on the magnitude of the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW FC The present invention may be configured to diagnose the presence or absence of a fusion failure in at least one of the above.

[0059] In the embodiment, the first main switch SW1, the second main switch SW2, and the precharge switch SW FC is a relay switch and a diagnostic switch SW diag can be a semiconductor switch such as a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).

[0060] Switches (SW1, SW2, SW FC , S.W. diag The components making up the switch 100 may be replaced with other mechanical switches, other semiconductor switches, etc., known in the art.

[0061] A fused switch failure refers to a failure in which a switch remains turned on even when a turn-off control signal is applied to the switch. For example, a fused switch failure occurs when contacts in a relay switch stick together and maintain contact. Contact sticking can occur when an overcurrent flows through the switch or when an arc occurs during switch operation, causing the contacts to partially melt.

[0062] The battery management device 100 measures the battery voltage V between the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 of the battery B. BATand a first voltage measuring unit 40 measuring a load side voltage V between the first connection terminal P1 and the second connection terminal P2 of the load L. Load The second voltage measuring unit 50 may further include a second voltage measuring unit 50 for measuring the voltage.

[0063] According to one embodiment, the control unit 30 controls a first main switch SW1, optionally a second main switch SW2, and a pre-charge switch SW FC is turned off, the first voltage measuring unit 40 and the second voltage measuring unit 50 measure the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load Upon receiving the input, the current measurement unit 20 outputs the diagnostic current value I diag can receive input.

[0064] The control unit 30 also detects the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load The difference between these is the preset threshold voltage V th is greater than the diagnostic current value I diag When the condition that the threshold voltage V is substantially 0 is satisfied, it can be diagnosed that there is no fusion fault in the first main switch SW1. th can be set in advance. As an example, the threshold voltage V th can be set to a value equal to or greater than 1 volt.

[0065] According to another aspect, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1, optionally the second main switch SW2, and the precharge switch SW FC is turned off, the first voltage measuring unit 40 and the second voltage measuring unit 50 measure the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load Upon receiving the input, the current measurement unit 20 outputs the diagnostic current value I diag can receive input.

[0066] The control unit 30 also detects the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load The difference between the diag is substantially 0, the diagnostic switch SW diagAfter turning on the current measuring unit 20, the diagnostic current value I diag can receive input.

[0067] For reference, if load L is not operating or battery B is electrically isolated from load L, the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load Even if the difference between the diagnostic current value I diag can be 0.

[0068] The control unit 30 also calculates the diagnostic current value I diag is a preset first threshold current I th1 If the condition that the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 are greater than FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in either one of the above.

[0069] FIG. 2 illustrates a first main switch SW1 and / or a precharge switch SW2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FC 10 is a diagram showing a current flowing through the branch line L3 when a fusion fault occurs in the branch line L2.

[0070] Current I1 flows through the precharge switch SW FC When a fusion failure occurs in the first precharge resistor 11 and the precharge switch SW FC The current I2 indicates the current that flows through the branch line L3 via the first main switch SW1 and the second precharge resistor 12 when a fusion fault occurs in the first main switch SW1. The current I3 indicates the current that flows through the branch line L3 via the load-side voltage V Load is greater than zero, the current flowing through the second precharge resistor 12.

[0071] The magnitudes of the currents I1, I2, and I3 can be determined by Ohm's law as follows:

[0072] <Formula 1> I1=(V BAT ) / (R1+R SW_FC ) I2=(VBAT ) / (R2+R SW1 ) I3=(V Load ) / (R2) In Equation 1, R1 and R2 are the first resistance value of the first pre-charge resistor 11 and the second resistance value of the second pre-charge resistor 12, respectively. SW_FC is the precharge switch SW FC When a fusion failure occurs in the precharge switch SW FC is the fusion resistance measured at both ends of R SW1 is the fused resistance value measured across the first main switch SW1 when a fused failure occurs in the first main switch SW1. R1 and R2 can be known in advance from the component specifications, and R SW_FC and R SW1 is a value that can be known in advance through an experiment in which the switch parts are intentionally fused together.

[0073] Diagnostic current value I diag may be approximately equal to the sum of the magnitudes of currents I1, I2 and I3.

[0074] The first precharge resistor 11 and the second precharge resistor 12 are made of the same resistor element, and the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 are made of the same resistor element. FC are the same switch element, the first threshold current I th1 can be determined by Equation 2 below:

[0075] <Formula 2> I th1 =[(V BAT ) / (R1+R SW_FC@max )]+ΔI=[(V BAT ) / (R2+ RSW1@max )]+ΔI First threshold current I th1 is the precharge switch SW FC The magnitude of the current I1 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW1 or the magnitude of the current I2 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW1.

[0076] In Formula 2, R1 and R2 are substantially the same, and R SW_FC@max and R SW1@max may be substantially identical.

[0077] In Equation 2, R SW_FC@max is the precharge switch SW FC Precharge switch SW that can diagnose fusion failure FC This corresponds to the maximum resistance value (hereafter referred to as the fusion diagnostic resistance) that can be known in advance. FC When there is no fusion fault in the precharge switch SW FC Resistance value R SW_FC is very large, on the order of tens to hundreds of megaohms, so the magnitude of I1 is essentially zero. FC The precharge switch SW FC Resistance value R SW_FC is the fusion diagnostic resistance R SW_FC@max Below this level, the magnitude of I1 increases to a level of several mA and may increase gradually as fusion progresses.

[0078] In Equation 2, R SW1@max corresponds to a value that can be known in advance as the maximum fusion resistance value of the first main switch SW1 at which it can be diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch SW1 (hereinafter referred to as the fusion diagnostic resistance). When there is no fusion fault in the first main switch SW1, the resistance value R of the first main switch SW1 SW1 is very large, on the order of tens to hundreds of megaohms, so the magnitude of I2 is essentially zero. The gradual fusion between the contacts of the first main switch SW1 reduces the resistance R of the first main switch SW1. SW1 is the fusion diagnostic resistance R SW1@max Below this level, the magnitude of I2 increases to a level of several mA and may increase gradually as fusion progresses.

[0079] ΔI is a current value set as a diagnostic margin, and can be set to an appropriate value taking into consideration the measurement error of the current measuring unit 20, the magnitude of the current I3, the sensitivity of the fault diagnosis, and the like.

[0080] ΔI is 0 or more and is a fixed value or the load voltage V Load The value can vary depending on the

[0081] In an embodiment, ΔI can be set in the range from 0 to several hundred mA.

[0082] According to another aspect, the control unit 30 determines the diagnostic current value I diag is a preset second threshold current I th2 (First threshold current I th1 When the condition that the first main switch SW1 and the pre-charge switch SW2 are greater than FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in both of these.

[0083] Second threshold current I th2 can be preset by the following Equation 3:

[0084] <Formula 3> I th2 =[(V BAT ) / (R1+R SW_FC@max )]+[(V BAT ) / (R2+R SW1@max )]+ΔI The first precharge resistor 11 and the second precharge resistor 12 are the same resistor element, and the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 are the same resistor element. FC are the same switch element, the second threshold current I th2 can be preset by the following Equation 4.

[0085] <Formula 4> I th2 =2*[(V BAT ) / (R1+R SW_FC@max )]+ΔI =2*[(V BAT ) / (R2+R SW1@max )]+ΔI Second threshold current I th2 is the precharge switch SW FCThe magnitude of the current I1 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW1 and the current I2 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW2 may be smaller than the sum of the current I1 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW1 and the current I2 that flows when a fusion fault actually occurs in the first main switch SW2.

[0086] In Formula 4, R1 and R2 are substantially the same, and R SW_FC@max and R SW1@max may be substantially identical.

[0087] ΔI is a current value set as a diagnostic margin, and can be set to an appropriate value taking into consideration the measurement error of the current measuring unit 20, the magnitude of the current I3, the sensitivity of the fault diagnosis, and the like.

[0088] ΔI is 0 or more and is a fixed value or the load voltage V Load The value can vary depending on the

[0089] In an embodiment, ΔI can be set in the range from 0 to several hundred mA.

[0090] According to another modification, in order to improve the accuracy of fusion fault diagnosis, the first resistance R1 of the first pre-charge resistor 11 and the second resistance R2 of the second pre-charge resistor 12 may be different from each other. For example, the first resistance R1 may be 1.5 to 2 times the second resistance R2. Conversely, the second resistance R2 may be 1.5 to 2 times the first resistance R1.

[0091] In such an alternative embodiment, the first threshold current I th1 is expressed as two different first sub-threshold currents I th1-1 and the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 It can be set to be divided into:

[0092] <Formula 5> I th1-1 =[(V BAT ) / (R1+R SW_FC@max )]+ΔI I th1-2 =[(V BAT ) / (R2+R SW1@max)]+ΔI In the embodiment, the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 is the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 However, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the opposite is also possible.

[0093] In Equation 5, the precharge switch SW FC When the first main switch SW1 and the first main switch SW2 are the same switch element, the precharge switch SW FC Fusion diagnostic resistance R SW_FC@max and the fused diagnostic resistor R of the first main switch SW1 SW1@max may be substantially identical.

[0094] ΔI is a current value set as a diagnostic margin, and can be set to an appropriate value taking into consideration the measurement error of the current measuring unit 20, the magnitude of the current I3, the sensitivity of the fault diagnosis, and the like.

[0095] ΔI is 0 or more and is a fixed value or the load voltage V Load The value can vary depending on the

[0096] In an embodiment, ΔI can be set in the range from 0 to several hundred mA.

[0097] According to a variant embodiment, the first resistance value R1 is greater than the second resistance value R2, and the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 is the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 In this case, the control unit 30 turns off the diagnostic switch SW diag The diagnostic current value I measured with the diag The magnitude of the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 is greater than the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 If the voltage is equal to or smaller than the precharge switch SW FC The control unit 30 can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the diag The magnitude of the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is greater than the second threshold current I th2If the diagnostic current value I is equal to or smaller than the diagnostic current value I, it can be diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch SW1. diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 If the voltage is greater than 1, the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in both of these.

[0098] According to another variant embodiment, the second resistance value R2 is greater than the first resistance value R1, and the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 In this case, the control unit 30 turns off the diagnostic switch SW diag The diagnostic current value I measured with the diag The magnitude of the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is greater than the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 If the diagnostic current value I is equal to or smaller than the diagnostic current value I, it can be diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch SW1. diag The magnitude of the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 is greater than the second threshold current I th2 If the voltage is equal to or smaller than the precharge switch SW FC The control unit 30 can diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 If the voltage is greater than 1, the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in both of these.

[0099] In another aspect, the battery management device 100 may further include a storage medium 60. The control unit 30 may be operably coupled to the storage medium 60. The storage medium 60 is not limited to being included inside the control unit 30. The storage medium 60 may store data and programs required for the calculation operations by the control unit 30. The control unit 30 may cumulatively store data indicating the results of the calculation operations, for example, the results of switch fault diagnosis, together with a timestamp in the storage medium 60. The results of the switch fault diagnosis may include the first main switch SW1 and the pre-charge switch SW2. FC The information may include identification information of the switch in which the fusion fault occurred.

[0100] The control unit 30 is a control circuit, and can be realized as hardware using at least one of ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), DSPs (digital signal processors), DSPDs (digital signal processing devices), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), microprocessors, and other electrical units for performing functions.

[0101] The storage medium 60 may be at least one of the following types of storage media: a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a solid state disk type (SSD type), a silicon disk drive type (SDD type), a multimedia card micro type, a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and a programmable read-only memory (PROM).

[0102] According to another embodiment, the battery management system 100 may further include an output device 70. The control unit 30 may be operably coupled to the output device 70. The output device 70 may be a display that visually displays information. The control unit 30 may read the switch fault diagnosis result from the storage medium 60 and visually output it via the output device 70. The output device 70 may be provided in a load L that receives power from the battery B. As an example, when the load L is an electric vehicle, the output device 70 may be an integrated information display of the electric vehicle.

[0103] According to another aspect, the battery management device 100 may further include a communication interface 80. The control unit 30 may be operatively coupled to the communication interface 80. The control unit 30 may read the switch fault diagnosis result from the storage medium 60 and transmit it to the outside via the communication interface 80.

[0104] The communication interface 80 may include a communication circuit configured to support wired communication and / or wireless communication between the control unit 30 and an external device. The wired communication may be, for example, a controller area network (CAN) communication, and the wireless communication may be, for example, a mobile communication such as 4G or 5G, or a local area communication such as Wi-Fi, ZigBee, or Bluetooth. Any type of communication protocol may be adopted as long as it supports wired or wireless communication between the control unit 30 and an external device.

[0105] As an example, the external device may be provided in the load L. When the load L is an electric vehicle, the external device may be an integrated control system of the electric vehicle. If the switch fault diagnosis result sent from the control unit 30 indicates that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch and / or the pre-charge switch, the integrated control system may output a warning message via the integrated information display of the electric vehicle.

[0106] As another example, the external device may be a remote server computer. If the switch fault diagnosis result transmitted from the control unit 30 indicates that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch and / or the pre-charge switch, the remote server computer may transmit a warning message to a program installed in the driver's mobile phone terminal, indicating that battery B needs to be inspected.

[0107] As another example, the external device may be an on-board diagnostic device connected via the communication interface 80. The on-board diagnostic device is a device that checks the status of various components included in an electric vehicle. When the on-board diagnostic device is connected via the communication interface 80, the control unit 30 can read out the switch fault diagnosis results stored in the storage medium 60 and transmit them to the on-board diagnostic device via the communication interface 80. Then, the operator can recognize the switch fault diagnosis results output via the display of the on-board diagnostic device and check the first main switch SW1 and / or pre-charge switch SW2 of battery B. FC Detailed examinations can be performed on the following:

[0108] In the present invention, the control unit 30 may selectively include a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc., known in the art, in order to perform the various control logics described above.

[0109] Furthermore, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit 30 may be a processor that executes a collection of program modules. In this case, the program modules may be stored in memory and executed by the processor. The memory may be internal or external to the processor and may be connected to the processor by various well-known computer components. The memory may also be included in the storage medium 60. Furthermore, the memory is a general term for any device in which information is stored, regardless of the type of device, and does not refer to a specific memory device.

[0110] In addition, at least one of the various control logics of the control unit 30 may be combined, and the combined control logic may be created as a computer-readable code system and stored on a computer-readable storage medium. The type of the storage medium is not particularly limited as long as it is accessible by a processor included in the computer. For example, the storage medium may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ROM, RAM, registers, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, hard disk, floppy disk, and optical data recording device. In addition, the code system may be stored and executed in a distributed manner on computers connected via a network. In addition, functional programs, codes, and code segments for implementing the combined control logic may be easily inferred by a programmer skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0111] The battery management device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be included in a battery management system, which is referred to in the art as a BMS. The battery management device 100 may also be included in a battery diagnostic system. The battery management device 100 may also be included in various systems in which a battery B is installed. The system including the battery management device 100 may also be included in an automobile. The automobile may be a two-wheeled, three-wheeled, or four-wheeled automobile. The automobile may include a motor mechanism driven by power supplied from the battery B.

[0112] Hereinafter, the battery management method including switch fault diagnosis according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0113] 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis according to an embodiment of the present invention. The steps of FIG. 3 may be performed by the control unit 30 before charging or discharging of the battery B is started.

[0114] 3, first, the control unit 30 determines whether a switch failure diagnosis period has arrived in step S10. Preferably, the switch failure diagnosis can be performed before starting charging or discharging of the battery B.

[0115] If the determination in step S10 is NO, the process is suspended.

[0116] If the determination in step S10 is YES, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 in step S20. FC Optionally, in step S20, the control unit 30 turns off the second main switch SW2 and the first main switch S W1 After step S20, step S30 is performed.

[0117] In step S30, the control unit 30 receives the battery voltage V BAT and outputs the load side voltage V Load The current measurement unit 20 receives the input of s The diagnostic current value I diag The control unit 30 also receives the input of the battery voltage V BAT and the load voltage V Load The difference between these is the threshold voltage V th is greater than the diagnostic current value I diag Determine whether is essentially 0.

[0118] If the determination in step S30 is YES, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 in step S40. FC In this case, the normal state means a state in which there is no fusion fault. In addition, in order to start charging or discharging battery B, the control unit 30 turns on the second main switch SW2 in step S50, and closes the pre-charge switch SW3 in step S60. FC is turned on, the first main switch SW1 is turned on in step S70, and the precharge switch SWFC Turn off the precharge switch SW FC A time gap is set between the time when the first main switch SW1 is turned on and the time when the first main switch SW2 is turned on, such that the capacitor on the load L side connected in parallel to battery B can be sufficiently charged. After step S80, the switch diagnosis is completed, and charging or discharging of battery B can begin.

[0119] If the determination in step S30 is NO, the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW FC A process is initiated to diagnose whether or not there is a fusion fault in the wire.

[0120] Specifically, in step S90, the control unit 30 turns on the diagnostic switch SW3 of the branch line L3. diag Next, in step S100, the control unit 30 turns on the sense resistor R s The diagnostic current value I diag The diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the first threshold current I th1 Determine whether it is greater than

[0121] In the embodiment, the first threshold current I th1 The first precharge resistor 11 and the second precharge resistor 12 are made of the same resistor element, and the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW FC If the types of the currents are the same, the current value determined by Equation 2 may be preset and recorded in the storage medium 60 in advance.

[0122] If the determination in step S100 is NO, the control unit 30 performs steps S40 to S80.

[0123] On the other hand, if the determination in step S100 is YES, the control unit 30 proceeds to step S110 to determine the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 Determine whether it is greater than

[0124] In an embodiment, the second threshold current I th2 The first precharge resistor 11 and the second precharge resistor 12 are the same resistor element, and the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 are the same resistor element. FC are the same switch elements, the current value may be preset to a value determined by Equation 4 and recorded in the storage medium 60 in advance.

[0125] If the determination in step S110 is YES, the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 In this case, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1 and the pre-charge switch SW2 in step S120. FC On the other hand, if the determination in step S110 is NO, the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the first threshold current I th1 is greater than the second threshold current I th2 In this case, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1 and the pre-charge switch SW2 in step S130. FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in one of the two.

[0126] After steps S120 and S130, step S140 is performed.

[0127] In step S140, the control unit 30 may record the switch fault diagnosis result in the storage medium 60. The switch fault diagnosis result may include identification information of the switch in which the fusion fault has occurred. In step S150, the control unit 30 may read the switch fault diagnosis result recorded in the storage medium 60 and visually display it via the output device 70. In addition, the control unit 30 may read the switch fault diagnosis result recorded in the storage medium 60 and transmit it to an external device via the communication interface 80. When step S160 is performed, the process of the battery management method according to the embodiment of the present invention ends. Meanwhile, step S150 and / or step S160 are optional steps and may be omitted.

[0128] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which step S100 of FIG. 3 is modified compared to the above-described embodiment.

[0129] 4, step S100a is performed after step S90. That is, the control unit 30 diag After turning on the current measuring unit 20, in step S100a, the sense resistor R s The diagnostic current value I diag The diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 It is determined whether the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 may be set to a value determined by Equation 5 and pre-recorded in storage medium 60.

[0130] If the determination in step S100a is NO, the control unit 30 moves the process to step S40 in FIG. 3, and can perform steps S40 to S80 substantially similarly to the above-described embodiment.

[0131] On the other hand, if the determination in step S100a is YES, the control unit 30 determines the diagnostic current value I diagThe magnitude of the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 It is determined whether the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 , and may be set to a value determined by Equation 5 and pre-recorded in the storage medium 60.

[0132] If the determination in step S100b is NO, the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 is larger than the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 In this case, the control unit 30 turns off the precharge switch SW FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred.

[0133] If the determination in step S100b is YES, the control unit 30 determines the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 It is determined whether the second threshold current I th2 may be set to a value determined by Equation 4 and pre-recorded in storage medium 60.

[0134] If the determination in step S110 is NO, the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is greater than the second threshold current I th2 In this case, the control unit 30 can diagnose in step S130a that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch SW1.

[0135] On the other hand, if the determination in step S110 is YES, the diagnostic current value I diag The magnitude of the second threshold current I th2 In this case, the control unit 30 controls the first main switch SW1 and the precharge switch SW2 in step S120. FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred in both of these.

[0136] After step S120, step S130a, and step S130b, the control unit 30 can perform steps S140 to S160 in FIG. 3 in substantially the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.

[0137] On the other hand, in a modified example, the second sub-threshold current I th1-2 is the first sub-threshold current I th1-1 . In this case, step S100b may be performed first, followed by step S100a. If the determination in step S100b is NO, steps S40 to S80 may be performed. If the determination in step S100a is NO, it may be diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in the first main switch SW1. If the determination in step S110 is NO, it may be diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in the pre-charge switch SW FC It can be diagnosed that a fusion failure has occurred.

[0138] According to the present invention, a precharge circuit 10 is provided in which a first precharge resistor, a precharge switch, and a second precharge resistor are connected in series in this order, and a diagnostic switch is provided in a branch line connecting one end of the precharge switch to a low-potential line of a battery. By analyzing the magnitude of the diagnostic current value measured immediately after the diagnostic switch is turned on, it is possible to reliably diagnose whether or not there is a fusion fault in the switch and / or the precharge switch provided in the high-potential line of the battery.

[0139] In describing various embodiments of the present invention, components designated as "units" should be understood as functionally divided components, not physically divided components. Therefore, each component may be selectively integrated with other components, or each component may be divided into subcomponents for efficient execution of control logic. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that even if components are integrated or divided, if the same function is recognized, the integrated or divided components should also be construed as being within the scope of the present invention.

[0140] Although the present invention has been described above using limited embodiments and drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various modifications and variations can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains within the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims set forth below.

[0141] Furthermore, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and alterations can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention can be configured by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment so as to make various modifications.

Claims

1. A battery management device having a switch failure diagnosis function, a main switch provided on a first line connected to one terminal of the battery; a precharge circuit including a first precharge resistor, a precharge switch, and a second precharge resistor connected in series in this order, the precharge circuit being connected in parallel across both ends of the main switch; a current measuring unit that measures a current flowing through a second line connected to the other terminal of the battery; a diagnostic switch provided on a branch line connecting one end of the precharge switch and the second line; a control unit operably coupled to the main switch, the pre-charge switch, the diagnostic switch, and the current measurement unit; The control unit receives a diagnostic current value from the current measurement unit while the diagnostic switch is turned on or off, and diagnoses whether or not at least one of the main switch and the pre-charge switch has a fusion fault based on the magnitude of the diagnostic current value.

2. a first voltage measurement unit that measures a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery; a second voltage measuring unit that measures a load-side voltage between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the load, The control unit receiving an input of the battery voltage and the load side voltage from the first voltage measuring unit and the second voltage measuring unit, respectively, while the main switch and the pre-charge switch are turned off, and receiving an input of a diagnostic current value from the current measuring unit; 2. The battery management device according to claim 1, configured to diagnose that there is no fusion fault in the main switch and the pre-charge switch when the conditions that the difference between the battery voltage and the load-side voltage is greater than a preset threshold voltage and the diagnostic current value is substantially zero are satisfied.

3. The control unit selectively: When the condition that the difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is substantially 0 and the diagnostic current value is substantially 0 is satisfied, the diagnostic switch is turned on and then the diagnostic current value is input from the current measurement unit; 3. The battery management device according to claim 2, wherein the battery management device is configured to diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in either the main switch or the pre-charge switch when a condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined first threshold current is satisfied.

4. The control unit selectively:

4. The battery management device of claim 3, wherein the battery management device is configured to diagnose that a fusion fault has occurred in the main switch and the pre-charge switch when a condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined second threshold current is satisfied, and the second threshold current is greater than the first threshold current.

5. the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, the first resistance value being greater than the second resistance value; the first threshold current is divided into a first sub-threshold current determined by Ohm's law from the first resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage, and a second sub-threshold current determined by Ohm's law from the second resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage, and the second sub-threshold current is greater than the first sub-threshold current; The control unit selectively: If the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second sub-threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the pre-charge switch; If the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the main switch; 5. The battery management device according to claim 4, wherein when the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current, it is diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

6. the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, the second resistance value being greater than the first resistance value; the first threshold current is divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current determined from the second resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, the second sub-threshold current being smaller than the first sub-threshold current; The control unit selectively: If the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the first sub-threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the main switch; If the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the pre-charge switch; 5. The battery management device according to claim 4, wherein when the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current, it is diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

7. further comprising a storage medium operably coupled to the controller; The battery management device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit is configured to record a failure diagnosis result for the main switch and the precharge switch in the storage medium.

8. further comprising an output device operably coupled to the control unit; The battery management device according to claim 7 , wherein the control unit is configured to read the result of the diagnosis from the storage medium and visually output it via the output device.

9. further comprising a communication interface operably coupled to the controller; The battery management device according to claim 7 , wherein the control unit is configured to read the diagnosis result from the storage medium and transmit the result to an external device via the communication interface.

10. A battery system comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A motor vehicle comprising the battery system of claim 10.

12. a main switch provided on a first line connected to one terminal of the battery; a precharge circuit including a first precharge resistor, a precharge switch, and a second precharge resistor connected in series in this order, the precharge circuit being connected in parallel across both ends of the main switch; a current measuring unit that measures a current flowing through a second line connected to the other terminal of the battery; a diagnostic switch provided on a branch line connecting one end of the precharge switch and the second line; In a battery management method including switch fault diagnosis using (a) receiving an input of a diagnostic current value from the current measuring unit while the diagnostic switch is turned on or off; (b) diagnosing whether or not at least one of the main switch and the pre-charge switch has a fusion fault based on the magnitude of the diagnostic current value.

13. further comprising the step of measuring a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery and a load-side voltage between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of a load while the main switch and the pre-charge switch are turned off; From step (b), optionally:

13. The battery management method according to claim 12, wherein when a condition is satisfied that a difference between the battery voltage and the load-side voltage is greater than a preset threshold voltage and the diagnostic current value is substantially zero, it is diagnosed that there is no fusion fault in the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

14. further comprising the step of measuring a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery and a load-side voltage between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of a load while the main switch and the pre-charge switch are turned off; In the step (a), if the condition that the difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is substantially 0 and the diagnostic current value is 0 is satisfied, the diagnostic switch is turned on, and then the diagnostic current value is input from the current measurement unit; 13. The battery management method of claim 12, wherein, in step (b), if a condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined first threshold current is satisfied, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in either the main switch or the pre-charge switch.

15. further comprising the step of measuring a battery voltage between a first terminal and a second terminal of the battery and a load-side voltage between a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of a load while the main switch and the pre-charge switch are turned off; In the step (a), if the condition that the difference between the battery voltage and the load side voltage is substantially 0 and the diagnostic current value is 0 is satisfied, the diagnostic switch is turned on, and then the diagnostic current value is input from the current measurement unit; 13. The battery management method of claim 12, wherein, in step (b), if a condition that the diagnostic current value is greater than a predetermined second threshold current is satisfied, it is diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch, and the second threshold current is greater than the first threshold current.

16. the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, the first resistance value being greater than the second resistance value; the first threshold current is divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current determined from the second resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, the second sub-threshold current being greater than the first sub-threshold current; In the step (b), If the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second sub-threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the pre-charge switch; If the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the main switch; The battery management method according to claim 14 , wherein if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current, it is diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

17. the first pre-charge resistor and the second pre-charge resistor have a first resistance value and a second resistance value, respectively, the second resistance value being greater than the first resistance value; the first threshold current is divided into a first sub-threshold current determined from the first resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the pre-charge switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and a second sub-threshold current determined from the second resistance value, the fused diagnostic resistance of the main switch, and the battery voltage according to Ohm's law, and the second sub-threshold current is smaller than the first sub-threshold current; In the step (b), If the diagnostic current value is greater than the second sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the first sub-threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the main switch; If the diagnostic current value is greater than the first sub-threshold current and is equal to or smaller than the second threshold current, a fusion fault is diagnosed to have occurred in the pre-charge switch; The battery management method according to claim 14 , wherein if the diagnostic current value is greater than the second threshold current, it is diagnosed that a fusion fault has occurred in both the main switch and the pre-charge switch.

18. The battery management method according to claim 12 , further comprising the step of recording the failure diagnosis results of the main switch and the pre-charge switch in a storage medium.

19. 19. The battery management method according to claim 18, further comprising the step of reading out the fault diagnosis results of the main switch and the pre-charge switch from the storage medium and visually outputting them via an output device.

20. The battery management method according to claim 18 , further comprising the step of reading out the fault diagnosis results of the main switch and the pre-charge switch from the storage medium and transmitting them to an external device via a communication interface.

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