Bicycle saddle with spring-based vibration damping

Abstract

A vibration isolator may be operatively positioned relative to a bicycle saddle. The vibration isolator may be configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile that includes a region of near-zero stiffness. In some configurations, the vibration isolator may be a vibration isolator cartridge. The vibration isolator cartridge may include a housing and a plunger configured to be pushed downward toward the end of the housing. Multiple spring members may be operatively positioned within the housing between the plunger and the end of the housing. Multiple spring elements may be arranged in a stack. The vibration isolator cartridge and / or system may be used to provide improved vibration isolation performance when using a bicycle saddle. In some configurations, an intermediate structure may be operatively positioned between the bicycle saddle and the vibration isolator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The subject matter described herein generally relates to saddles, and more specifically to saddles for bicycles.

Background Art

[0002] A bicycle saddle, commonly referred to as a bicycle seat, is designed to support a portion of the rider's body. The height of the saddle is often adjustable. The saddle can be formed in various shapes and sizes. The saddle can be configured to provide a certain degree of comfort to the rider, for example, by including padding.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a vibration isolator cartridge. The vibration isolator cartridge can include a housing. The vibration isolator cartridge can include a plunger. The plunger can be configured to be pushed downward toward the end of the housing. The vibration isolator cartridge can include a plurality of spring members operatively positioned within the housing between the plunger and the end of the housing. The plurality of spring elements can be arranged in a stack. The vibration isolator cartridge can be configured to exhibit a non-linear stiffness profile. The non-linear stiffness profile can include a quasi-zero stiffness region.

[0004] In another aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a vibration isolation system. The vibration isolation system can include a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges. The plurality of vibration isolator cartridges can be arranged in a manner where the ends are connected to each other. Each of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges can include a housing and a plurality of conical springs operatively positioned within the housing. The plurality of conical springs can be arranged in a stack. Each of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges can be configured to exhibit a non-linear stiffness profile. The non-linear stiffness profile can include a quasi-zero stiffness region. The plurality of vibration isolator cartridges can be configured to act in parallel with each other.

[0005] In yet another embodiment, the disclosure relates to a system for vibration isolation of a bicycle saddle. The system may include a bicycle saddle and a bicycle frame. The bicycle saddle may be operatively coupled to the bicycle frame. The system may include a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges. The plurality of vibration isolator cartridges may be located within a portion of the bicycle frame. The plurality of vibration isolator cartridges may be operatively positioned relative to the bicycle saddle. Each vibration isolator cartridge may include a plurality of conical springs arranged in a stack. Each vibration isolator cartridge may be configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile. The nonlinear stiffness profile may include a quasi-zero stiffness region.

[0006] In one embodiment, this disclosure relates to a bicycle saddle system. The system may include a saddle body. The system may include a vibration isolator comprising a stack of multiple conical springs. The system may include an intermediate structure operatively positioned between the saddle body and the vibration isolator.

[0007] In other embodiments, the disclosure relates to a system for vibration isolation of a bicycle saddle. The system may include a bicycle saddle. The system may include a bicycle frame. The system may further include an intermediate structure operatively positioned between the bicycle saddle and the bicycle frame. The system may include a vibration isolator located within a portion of the bicycle frame. The vibration isolator may be operatively positioned relative to the intermediate structure. The vibration isolator may include a plurality of conical springs arranged in a stack. The vibration isolator may be configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile that includes a quasi-zero stiffness region. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows an example of a part of a bicycle. [Figure 2A] Figure 2A shows an example of a force-deflection curve for a conical spring. [Figure 2B]Figure 2B shows examples of force-deflection curves for various stacks of multiple conical springs. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a conical spring used in an isolator for a bicycle saddle. [Figure 4] Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of the first example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing it in a non-operating state. [Figure 4B] Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the first example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing its operating state. [Figure 4C] Figure 4C is a cross-sectional view of the first example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing further operating conditions. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing it in a non-operating state. [Figure 6A] Figure 6A is a cross-sectional view of a third example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing it in a non-operating state. [Figure 6B] Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view of a third example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing its operating state. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the fourth example of an isolator for a bicycle saddle, showing it in a non-operating state. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows an example of a vibration isolation system. [Figure 9A-9B] Figures 9A and 9B show an example of an annular wave spring. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows an example of a multi-turn wave spring. [Figure 11] Figure 11 shows an example of a magnetic elastomer isolator. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is an example of a graph showing the relationship between force and deflection, illustrating the difference between the curve for a spring-based vibration isolator and the curve for a linear spring. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a stack of cone springs used in a vibration isolator, showing an alternating arrangement of single cone springs with low-profile spacers. [Figure 14]FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a stack of conical springs used in a vibration isolator, showing an alternating double conical spring structure having low-profile spacers. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a stack of conical springs used in a vibration isolator, showing an alternating single conical spring structure having non-locking spacers. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a stack of conical springs used in a vibration isolator, showing an alternating single conical spring structure having locking spacers. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 shows an example of a vibration isolator cartridge in which a stack of conical springs is disposed inside. [Figure 18A] FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view of a part of a bicycle, showing a plurality of isolator cartridges in a non-compressed state stacked within a seat post of a bicycle saddle. [Figure 18B] FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view of a part of a bicycle, showing that a plurality of isolator cartridges are in a compressed state. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is an example of a part of a bicycle. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 shows the state of the stack of conical springs shown in FIG. 13 in the initial stiffness region of the force-displacement curve. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 shows the state of the stack of conical springs shown in FIG. 13 in the quasi-zero stiffness region of the force-displacement curve. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 shows the state of the stack of conical springs shown in FIG. 13 in the subsequent stiffness region of the force-displacement curve. [Figure 23A] FIG. 23A shows an example of a stack of three vibration isolator cartridges. [Figure 23B] FIG. 23B shows an example of a stack of two vibration isolator cartridges and spacers. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 shows an example of a graph of the relationship between force and displacement, showing force-displacement curves for various stacks of a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges. [Figures 25A-25D] Figures 25A - 25D show various views of an example of a bicycle saddle and show an intermediate structure operatively positioned between the saddle body and the vibration isolator. [Figures 26A-26B] Figures 26A - 26B show various views of an example of a bicycle saddle and show a frame operatively positioned between the saddle body and the vibration isolator.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] In use, the bicycle can be operated on a rough or non - smooth surface. As a result, vibrations can be transmitted to the bicycle seat or saddle. These vibrations can cause discomfort to the rider and / or reduce the riding comfort. In the configurations described herein, the vibration isolator and system can be configured to address the forces and / or vibrations that can be encountered during the use of the bicycle.

[0010] The vibration isolator can be configured to exhibit a non - linear stiffness profile. The non - linear stiffness profile can include a quasi - zero stiffness region. The vibration isolator can include a plurality of spring members arranged in a stack. The vibration isolator can be used in relation to a system. In such cases, the vibration isolator can be positioned within a portion of the bicycle frame. The vibration isolator can be operatively positioned with respect to the bicycle saddle. In some cases, an intermediate structure can be operatively positioned between the saddle body and the vibration isolator.

[0011] Detailed embodiments are disclosed herein, but it should be understood that they are intended only as examples. Accordingly, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as limitations, but merely as a standard for the claims and as a representative standard to teach those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be used in virtually any suitable detailed structure. Furthermore, the terms and expressions used herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather to provide an easily understandable description of possible embodiments. Various embodiments are shown in Figures 1–26, but the embodiments are not limited to the structures or uses shown.

[0012] For the sake of simplicity and clarity of the drawings, please understand that, where appropriate, reference numerals are repeated in different drawings to point to corresponding or similar elements. In addition, numerous specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be carried out without these specific details.

[0013] Referring to Figure 1, an example of a part of bicycle 100 is shown. Although the configuration described herein is for bicycles, it should be understood that the configuration described herein may be used in conjunction with various devices including seats or saddles. For example, the configuration described herein may be used in conjunction with any powered or unpowered vehicle, including, for example, unicycles, motorcycles, and tricycles.

[0014] A bicycle 100 may include a saddle 102, which is referred to as a seat. The saddle 102 may be designed to support a portion of the rider's body. The saddle 102 may provide cushioning and / or comfort to the user. The saddle 102 may be any type of saddle currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0015] The saddle 102 may be operationally coupled to a bicycle frame 104 in any suitable currently known or future-developed configuration. In one or more configurations, the saddle 102 may be operationally coupled to a seatpost 106. The seatpost 106 may be a tubular structure. In some configurations, at least a portion of the seatpost 106 may be hollow. In such cases, the seatpost 106 may have an inner circumferential surface 108. As used in this specification, the term “operationally coupled” may include direct or indirect coupling, including coupling without direct physical contact.

[0016] The vibration isolator 110 may be operationally positioned to reduce vibrations acting on the saddle 102. The vibration isolator 110 may be provided at any suitable location. In one or more configurations, the vibration isolator 110 may be located inside the hollow of the seatpost 106. In some configurations, the vibration isolator 110 may frictionally engage with the inner circumferential surface 108 of the seatpost 106. In some configurations, the vibration isolator 110 may be operationally coupled to the seatpost 106. For example, the vibration isolator 110 may be operationally coupled to the seatpost 106 by one or more fasteners, one or more welds, one or more adhesives, and / or one or more forms of mechanical engagement, or any combination thereof. The vibration isolator 110 may be operationally positioned relative to an engagement structure of the saddle 102, such as a pin 112, or to other structures operationally coupled to the saddle 102. In some configurations, the pin 112 may be in direct contact with the vibration isolator 110. In some configurations, pin 112 can be spaced apart from the vibration isolator 110.

[0017] One or more intermediate structures may be operationally positioned between the saddle 102 and the vibration isolator 110. For example, the pin 112 may be an intermediate structure operationally positioned between the saddle 102 and the vibration isolator 110. Alternatively or additionally, a four-bar linkage 117, a rail 118, and / or other structures may be intermediate structures operationally positioned between the saddle 102 and the vibration isolator 110.

[0018] During use, the structure above the pin 112 in Figure 1 (e.g., a four-bar linkage or other structure) may be pressed downward on the pin 112. As a result, the pin may be pressed downward on the vibration isolator 110. In some configurations, the structure and the pin 112 may be separate structures. In other configurations, the structure and the pin 112 may be operatively linked to each other or may be a single structure.

[0019] It should be noted that while the configuration shown in Figure 1 includes one vibration isolator 110, there may be multiple vibration isolators 110. In such a case, the multiple vibration isolators 110 can be arranged in any suitable manner. For example, the multiple vibration isolators 110 may be stacked within the seatpost 106 with their ends connected. When there are multiple vibration isolators 110, the vibration isolators 110 may be substantially identical to each other, or one or more vibration isolators 110 may differ from the others in one or more respects.

[0020] The vibration isolator 110 may be configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile. This nonlinear stiffness profile may include a quasi-zero stiffness region. An example of a force-deflection graph 200 for this type of actuator is shown in Figure 2A. Note that this force-deflection graph 200 is merely an example, and the values ​​will vary depending on the characteristics of the isolator. However, a general shape of the force-deflection curve 210 representing the stiffness profile is shown. Starting from the origin 220, the vibration isolator 110 may exhibit an initial stiffness region 230 that is substantially linear. The vibration isolator 110 is relatively stiff in the initial stiffness region 230. Upon reaching a certain load, the force-deflection curve 210 may become 0 or substantially 0, which is the quasi-zero stiffness region 240. The quasi-zero stiffness region 240 can enable excellent vibration isolation. Continuing beyond the quasi-zero stiffness region 240, the force-deflection curve 210 may have a subsequent stiffness region 250 that is substantially linear. The vibration isolator 110 has relatively high rigidity in the subsequent rigidity region 250.

[0021] Note that Figure 2A shows two force-deflection curves. The first force-deflection curve 210' represents the vibration isolator 110 transitioning from an unloaded state to a loaded state. The second force-deflection curve 210'' represents the vibration isolator 110 transitioning from a loaded state to an unloaded state.

[0022] In the configurations described herein, the vibration isolator 110 may include a plurality of spring members. In one or more configurations, the spring members may be conical springs 300. Note that other terms such as Belleville washer, disc spring, and conical disc may be used to describe the conical springs 300. As more conical springs are added to the stack, the quasi-zero stiffness region 240 of the force-deflection curve 210 may be expanded. An example of a force-deflection graph 260 illustrating this effect is shown in Figure 2B. As is clear, the length of the quasi-zero stiffness region increases as the number of conical springs used in the stack increases.

[0023] Referring to Figure 3, an example of a conical spring 300 is shown. The conical spring 300 may have a body 310 that is substantially conical in shape. The conical spring 300 may include an outer diameter body portion 320 and an inner diameter body portion 330. The outer diameter body portion 320 may be larger than the inner diameter body portion 330. The conical spring 300 may have a central opening 340. The conical spring 300 may have a central axis 350. The conical spring may have a height H and a stiffness thickness τ. In some configurations, the ratio of height H to thickness λ of the conical spring 300 may be about 1 to about 2, about 1.2 to about 1.8, or about 1.3 to about 1.5. In some configurations, the ratio of height H to thickness λ may be about 1.41.

[0024] Multiple cone springs 300 can be arranged in a stack in any suitable manner. For example, in one or more configurations, multiple cone springs 300 can be arranged in an alternating pattern. For example, the outer diameter body portion 320 of one cone spring 300 may face the outer diameter body portion 320 of an adjacent cone spring 300. Alternatively or additionally, the inner diameter body portion 330 of a cone spring 300 may face the inner diameter body portion 330 of an adjacent cone spring 300. The central openings 340 of the cone springs 300 can be substantially aligned with one another.

[0025] In some configurations, a stack of multiple cone springs 300 does not include a central shaft passing through the central opening 340 of the multiple cone springs 300. Alternatively or additionally, the multiple cone springs 300 do not include an outer sleeve surrounding the multiple cone springs 300.

[0026] There are numerous ways in which multiple conical springs 300 can be arranged in a stack. Several examples are described herein, but it should be understood that the configurations are not limited to these examples.

[0027] The vibration isolator 110 has various structures, some of which are described herein in reference to Figures 4–7. Each of these configurations is described below in turn.

[0028] Referring to Figures 4A and 4B, a first example of the vibration isolator 110 is shown. The vibration isolator 110 may include an outer housing 120. The outer housing 120 may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. In one or more configurations, the outer housing 120 may be substantially cylindrical. The outer housing 120 may be hollow. The outer housing 120 may include an inner circumferential surface 122 and an outer circumferential surface 124. The outer housing 120 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, metal or plastic.

[0029] The vibration isolator 110 may include one or more landings 130. The landings 130 may be operationally connected to the outer housing 120. For example, the landings 130 may be operationally connected to the inner surface 122 of the outer housing 120 by one or more fasteners, one or more welds, one or more adhesives, and / or one or more forms of mechanical engagement, or any combination thereof. The landings 130 may be fixed landings in that they do not move. In some configurations, the landings 130 may be fixed landings in that they do not move at least in the longitudinal direction L of the vibration isolator 110.

[0030] The landing 130 can have any suitable form. For example, in some configurations, the landing 130 may be substantially cylindrical in structure. In some configurations, there may be one or more landings 130. Alternatively, one or more landings 130 may be formed of multiple segments. The landing may define a central opening 132.

[0031] Landing 130 may have an upper 130' and a lower 130''. It should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" are used with respect to the orientation of the vibration isolator 110 in Figures 4A and 4B. However, it should be understood that these terms are used for convenience to facilitate discussion and are not intended to be limiting.

[0032] The landings 130 may be substantially identical to one another. Alternatively, one or more landings 130 may differ from one another in one or more respects. The landings 130 may be spaced substantially equally apart from one another. Alternatively, one or more landings 130 may be spaced unevenly apart. The landings 130 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, metal or plastic.

[0033] The vibration isolator 110 can include any appropriate number of landings 130. In the configuration shown in Figures 4A–4B, there can be three landings. However, it should be understood that there can be more or fewer landings. For the sake of discussion, the uppermost landing in Figure 4A is referred to as the first landing 130a. Continuing downward in the longitudinal direction L, the next landing is referred to as the second landing 130b. The lowermost landing is referred to as the third landing 130c.

[0034] The vibration isolator 110 may include a plurality of plungers 140. The plungers 140 may be movable structures and may have any suitable structure. For example, in one or more configurations, one or more plungers 140 may include a head 142 and a shaft 144. The head 142 may include an upper 142' and a lower 142''. The shaft 144 may extend from the head 142, more specifically from the lower 142'' of the head 142. The shaft 144 may extend to a terminal portion 146.

[0035] The vibration isolator 110 may include any appropriate number of plungers 140. In the configuration shown in Figures 4A–4B, there may be four plungers. However, it should be understood that there may be more or fewer plungers. For the sake of clarity, the top plunger in Figure 4A is referred to as the first plunger 140a. Continuing downward in the longitudinal direction L, the next plunger is referred to as the second plunger 140b. Further continuing downward in the longitudinal direction L, the next plunger is referred to as the third plunger 140c. The bottom plunger is referred to as the fourth plunger 140d.

[0036] The head 142 may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. The shaft 144 may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. The head 142 and the shaft 144 may be a single structure or separate parts that are later joined together. In some configurations, the head 142 may be substantially circular, rectangular, polygonal, or triangular in its structure. In some configurations, the shaft 144 may have a substantially circular, rectangular, polygonal, or triangular cross-sectional shape.

[0037] In some configurations, the shafts 144 of the plunger 140 can be substantially aligned with each other within the vibration isolator 110. In some configurations, one or more shafts 144 can be offset from the other shafts 144.

[0038] The plungers 140 may be substantially identical to one another. Alternatively, one or more plungers 140 may differ from the other plungers 140 in one or more respects, such as the width of the head, the shape of the head, the thickness of the head, the length of the shaft, the diameter or width of the shaft, and / or the cross-sectional shape of the shaft. In some configurations, the head 142 and a portion of the shaft 144 of the first plunger 140a may extend outside the outer housing 120. This exposed portion of the first plunger 140a may engage with an engagement structure (e.g., the pin 112 in Figure 1). The plungers 140 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, metal or plastic.

[0039] As described above, the vibration isolator 110 may include a plurality of spring members, such as a conical spring 150. The conical spring 150 may be any suitable conical spring that is currently known or will be developed in the future. The spring members may be any suitable spring members that are currently known or will be developed in the future.

[0040] The cone springs 150 can be arranged in any suitable manner. For example, multiple cone springs 150 can be arranged in a stack. The cone springs can be arranged in a stack in any suitable manner. For example, multiple cone springs 150 can be arranged in an alternating pattern as described above in relation to Figure 3 and shown in Figures 4A–4C.

[0041] The first stack of the conical spring 150a is operationally connected to the second plunger 140b (e.g., the lower side 142'' of the head 142 of the second plunger 140b) and the first landing 130a (e.g., the upper side 130' of the first landing 130a), and / or may be operationally positioned relative to the second plunger 140b and the first landing 130a. The second stack of the conical spring 150b is operationally connected to the third plunger 140c (e.g., the lower side 142'' of the head 142 of the third plunger 140c) and the second landing 130b (e.g., the upper side 130' of the second landing 130b), and / or may be operationally positioned relative to the third plunger 140c and the second landing 130b. The third stack of the conical spring 150c is operationally coupled to the fourth plunger 140d (e.g., the lower side 142'' of the head 142 of the fourth plunger 140d) and the third landing 130c (e.g., the upper side 130' of the third landing 130c), and / or may be operationally positioned relative to the fourth plunger 140d and the third landing 130c.

[0042] Any suitable mode of operative coupling may be provided between the stack of conical springs 150 and the landings 130 and plungers 140, respectively. For example, the operative coupling may include one or more fasteners, one or more welds, one or more brazed joints, one or more adhesives, and / or one or more forms of mechanical engagement, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the stack of conical springs 150 may not be attached to each of these landings 130 and / or plungers 140.

[0043] Each stack of cone springs 150a, 150b, and 150c may have any appropriate number of cone springs. In some configurations, each stack of cone springs 150a, 150b, and 150c may contain the same number of cone springs. In some configurations, the number of cone springs in at least one stack may differ from that of the other stacks. In some configurations, the cone springs used in each stack may be substantially identical. However, in some configurations, one or more cone springs in one of the stacks may differ from other cone springs in the same stack or different stacks. In some configurations, the cone springs may be arranged in the same manner in each stack. However, in other configurations, the cone springs in at least one stack may be arranged differently from those in the other stacks.

[0044] Figure 4A shows the vibration isolator 110 in a non-operating configuration, and Figures 4B and 4C show examples of the vibration isolator 110 in an operating configuration. In the non-operating structure, the end portion 146 of the plunger 140 may be positioned at a distance from each of the heads 142 of adjacent plungers 140.

[0045] For example, when a load is applied from pin 112 to the head 142 of the first plunger 140a, the first plunger 140a may move downward. Eventually, the end portion 146 of the first plunger 140a may come into contact with the upper part 142' of the head 142 of the second plunger 140b. As the first plunger 140a moves further downward, the head 142 of the second plunger 140b is moved downward. As a result, the first stack of cone springs 150a may be compressed. This process may continue for the other plungers 140 and the stacks of cone springs 150. Figures 4B and 4C show different stages of compression of the stack of cone springs 150.

[0046] In the configuration shown in Figure 4A, the vibration isolator 110 can be in the initial stiffness region 230 of the force-deflection curve 210. As seen in the figure, the conical spring 150 can be substantially neutral. In the initial stiffness region 230, the stiffness curve can be substantially linear and increasing from the origin of the graph. The vibration isolator 110 can be relatively stiff in the initial stiffness region 230.

[0047] In Figures 4B and 4C, the vibration isolator 110 can be in the quasi-zero stiffness region 240 of the force-deflection curve 210. In the quasi-zero stiffness region 240, the force-deflection curve becomes substantially horizontal. The stiffness becomes very small, or virtually zero. The quasi-zero stiffness region 240 enables excellent vibration isolation. In the quasi-zero stiffness region 240, the conical spring 150 can become substantially horizontal, as shown in Figure 4C.

[0048] It should be understood that the nonlinear stiffness profile of the vibration isolator 110 in the configuration described herein may provide improved vibration isolation performance compared to a linear spring type system. A general representation of the performance difference is shown in Figure 12, which shows a force-deflection graph 1200. One curve 1202 represents the performance of the vibration isolator in the configuration described herein. Another curve 1204 represents the performance of a vibration isolator with a linear spring. Curve 1202 includes a quasi-zero stiffness region, while curve 1204 does not.

[0049] Figures 4A–4C show one possible configuration of a stack of conical springs, but it should be understood that the configuration is not limited to the examples shown and described. Furthermore, in some configurations, the stack of conical springs may include other elements. In fact, depending on the circumstances, the stack of conical springs may include locking spacers and / or non-locking spacers. Such locking spacers and / or non-locking spacers may be located between adjacent conical springs. An example of such a configuration is shown in U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 156041, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0050] Referring to Figure 5, another example of the vibration isolator 110 is shown. For the sake of brevity, the above-mentioned descriptions of the outer housing 120, landing 130, and plunger 140 apply here as well and are not repeated. Also, the reference numbers used in Figures 4A–4C are used for similar structures in Figure 5.

[0051] In Figure 5, the stack of spring members 150 may include a stack of magnetically actuated spring members. In one or more configurations, the magnetically actuated spring member may be an annular wave spring 900. The annular wave spring 900 may be formed of metallic glass. The annular wave spring 900 may be formed of an amorphous metallic structure. In one or more configurations, the annular wave spring 900 may be formed of Metglas, which is available from Metglas, Inc. in Conway, South Carolina. An example of a wave spring is described in Panagiotopoulos et al., "Advanced ultra-light multifunctional metallic-glass wave springs," Materials & Design, 192(2020): 108770, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some configurations, the magnetically actuated spring member may be a conical spring formed of a magnetically responsive material such as Metglas.

[0052] In one or more configurations, the magnetically actuated spring member may be a multi-turn wave spring 1000 (Figure 10). The multi-turn wave spring 1000 may be formed from a shape memory alloy. An example of a multi-turn wave spring is described in Spaggiari et al., "Multiphysics modelling and design of shape memory alloy wave springs as linear actuators," Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, Vol. 44151.2010, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some configurations, the magnetically actuated spring member may be a magnetic elastomer isolator 1100 (Figure 11). The magnetic elastomer isolator 1100 may include a top plate 1102, a laminated magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) and steel layer 1104, a coil 1106, and a yoke 1108 (e.g., a steel yoke). An example of a magnetic elastomer isolator is described in Li et al., "A highly adjustable magnetorheological elastomer base isolator for application of real-time adaptive control," Smart Materials and Structures 22.9 (2013): 095020, the full text of which is incorporated herein by reference. A magnetically actuated spring member may be formed from a material whose properties or physical characteristics change when exposed to a magnetic field. For example, the modulus of elasticity of a spring member may change when a magnetic field is applied. More specifically, the modulus of elasticity may change to a higher value. A magnetic field may change the stiffness of a spring member.

[0053] Furthermore, the vibration isolator 110 may include a magnetic field generator 155. The magnetic field generator 155 may be any structure of a device for generating a magnetic field that is currently known or will be developed in the future. For example, the magnetic field generator 155 may be a magnetic coil 156 and / or other components. The magnetic coil 156 may be operatively positioned relative to the spring member 150. In some configurations, the magnetic coil 156 may be wound around at least a portion of the outer circumferential surface 124 of the outer housing 120. The magnetic coil 156 may be operatively connected to one or more power sources (see Figure 8). The generation of the magnetic field may be controlled by one or more processors (Figure 8), which may selectively allow or block the flow of electrical energy to the magnetic field generator 155.

[0054] Figure 5 shows the vibration isolator 110 in a non-operating configuration. For example, when a load is applied from pin 112 to the head 142 of the first plunger 140a, the first plunger 140a may move downward. Eventually, the end portion 146 of the first plunger 140a may come into contact with the upper side 142' of the head 142 of the second plunger 140b. As the first plunger 140a moves further downward, the head 142 of the second plunger 140b is moved downward. As a result, the first stack of magnetically actuated spring members 150a may be compressed. This process may continue for the other plungers 140 and stacks of magnetically actuated spring members.

[0055] Therefore, when the vibration isolator is subjected to a force, the magnetic field generator 155 can be operated to alter the performance characteristics of the magnetically actuated spring member. As a result, the magnetically actuated spring member can be modified to operate in a quasi-zero stiffness region of the force-deflection curve to enable superior vibration isolation.

[0056] Referring to Figures 6A–6B, another example of the vibration isolator 110 is shown. For the sake of brevity, the above-mentioned explanations made in relation to Figures 4A–4C regarding the stack of the outer housing 120, landing 130, plunger 140, and conical spring 150 are also applied here and not repeated. Also, the reference numbers used in Figures 4A–4C are used for similar structures in Figures 6A–6B. In Figures 6A–6B, the outer housing 120 is not shown for clarity.

[0057] Here, one or more landings 130 may be configured to be selectively movable. The landings 130 may be movable so as not to interfere with the associated stack of cone springs 150. The landings may have any suitable movement. In one or more configurations, the landings 130 may move laterally or radially outward. An example of such movement is shown in Figure 6A. As seen in the figure, the first landing 130a is moved laterally outward. As a result, the first landing 130a does not interfere with the first stack of cone springs 150a. Therefore, when the second plunger 140b is moved downward in the longitudinal direction L, the first stack of cone springs 150a is not compressed. As a result, the first stack of cone springs 150a does not contribute to the performance of the vibration isolator. Rather, in such cases, only the second stack of conical springs 150b and the third stack of conical springs 150c will contribute to the overall vibration isolation performance of the vibration isolator 110.

[0058] The landing 130 is movable in any suitable manner. For example, in one or more configurations, the landing 130 can be operatively coupled to one or more actuators 885 (Figure 8). The actuators 885 can move the landing 130. The actuators 885 can be controlled by one or more processors 810 (Figure 8).

[0059] In this example, the first stack of conical springs 150a can be operationally coupled to the second plunger 140b. Thus, the first landing 130a is moved so as not to obstruct it, and the first stack of conical springs 150a remains attached to the second plunger 140b.

[0060] Referring to Figure 7, another example of the vibration isolator 110 is shown. For the sake of brevity, the above-mentioned descriptions made in relation to Figures 4A–4C regarding the stack of the outer housing 120, landing 130, plunger 140, and conical spring 150 are also applied here and not repeated. Also, the reference numbers used in Figures 4A–4C are used for similar structures in Figure 7.

[0061] In Figure 7, the vibration isolator 110 may include one or more plunger obstruction structures. The plunger obstruction structure may be a stopper (e.g., a rubber stopper) 160 and / or a viscous fluid. The shaft 144 of the plunger 140 may be configured to pass through the plunger obstruction structure.

[0062] The vibration isolator may include a first stopper 160a, a second stopper 160b, and a third stopper 160c. In some configurations, the first stopper 160a, the second stopper 160b, and the third stopper 160c may be supported by one of the landings 130a, 130b, and 130c. In some configurations, the first stopper 160a, the second stopper 160b, and the third stopper 160c may be operatively connected to one of the landings 130a, 130b, and 130c by, for example, one or more fasteners, one or more adhesives, and / or one or more forms of mechanical engagement, or any combination thereof.

[0063] It should be understood that plunger 140 is pushed down. The plunger obstruction structure can delay the downward movement of plunger 140. As a result, the plunger obstruction structure can alter the timing of the compression of the cone spring stack 150 to achieve the desired performance characteristics.

[0064] In some configurations, plunger obstruction structures may be substantially identical to one another. However, in other configurations, one or more plunger obstruction structures may differ from other plunger obstruction structures in one or more respects.

[0065] In some configurations, each landing 130 may have a plunger obstruction structure. However, in other configurations, one or more landings 130 may not have a plunger obstruction structure.

[0066] It should be noted that in some configurations, the vibration isolator 110 may include a magnetorheological fluid (MR fluid). The MR fluid can be used in place of the spring member. Alternatively, the MR fluid can be used in combination with any of the configurations shown in Figures 4–7 above.

[0067] Referring to Figure 8, an example of system 800 for vibration damping of a seat or saddle is shown. System 800 can be used in conjunction with any type of seat or saddle, such as a bicycle seat or bicycle saddle.

[0068] System 800 may include a variety of elements. Some possible elements of System 800 are shown in Figure 8 and described below. It should be understood that System 800 is not necessarily required to have all of the elements shown in Figure 8 or described herein. System 800 may have any combination of the various elements shown in Figure 8. Furthermore, System 800 may have additional elements to those shown in Figure 8. In some configurations, System 800 may not include one or more of the elements shown in Figure 8.

[0069] The system 800 may include one or more processors 810, one or more data stores 820, one or more sensors 830, one or more power supplies 840, one or more input interfaces 850, one or more output interfaces 860, one or more seat or saddle systems 870, one or more control modules 880, and one or more actuators 885. Each of these elements is described in turn below.

[0070] As stated above, system 800 may include one or more processors 810. “Processor” means any component or group of components configured to execute any process or any form of instruction described herein, and to execute or cause such process to be performed. Processor 810 may be implemented by one or more general-purpose processors and / or one or more dedicated processors. Suitable processor examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits capable of executing software. Furthermore, suitable processor examples include, but are not limited to, central processing units (CPUs), array processors, vector processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic circuits, and controllers. Processor 810 may include at least one hardware circuit (e.g., an integrated circuit) configured to execute instructions contained in program code. In a configuration with multiple processors 810, such processors may operate independently of each other, or one or more processors may operate in conjunction with each other.

[0071] The system 800 may include one or more datastores 820 that store one or more types of data. The datastores 820 may include volatile and / or non-volatile memory. Examples of suitable datastores 820 include RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read-only memory), PROM (programmable read-only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage media or any combination thereof. The datastores 820 may be components of the processor 810, and the datastores 820 may be operationally coupled to the processor 810 for use by the processor.

[0072] System 800 may include one or more sensors 830. “Sensor” means any device, component, and / or system capable of detecting, determining, evaluating, monitoring, measuring, quantifying, acquiring, and / or sensing things. One or more sensors may detect, determine, evaluate, monitor, measure, quantify, acquire, and / or sense in real time. As used herein, the term “real time” means a level of processing responsiveness that a user or system perceives as sufficiently immediate to perform a particular process or determination, or a level at which a processor can keep pace with some external processes.

[0073] In a configuration where system 800 includes multiple sensors 830, the sensors may operate independently of each other. Alternatively, two or more sensors may operate in coordination with each other. In such a case, two or more sensors may form a sensor network. Sensor 830 may be operationally coupled to the processor 810, the data store 820, and / or other elements of system 800 (including any elements shown in Figure 10).

[0074] Sensor 830 may include any suitable type of sensor. Various examples of different types of sensors are described herein. However, it should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the specific sensors described.

[0075] Sensor 830 may include one or more weight sensors 832. Weight sensors 832 may include any currently known or future-developed sensors configured to detect, determine, evaluate, monitor, measure, quantify and / or sense any information or data about the weight of the occupant of the saddle 102. Weight sensors 832 may be located beneath the saddle 102.

[0076] As described above, system 800 may include one or more power sources 840. Power source 840 can be any power source capable of and / or configured to supply energy to various elements such as actuators and magnetic field generators, as described later. For example, power source 840 may include one or more batteries, one or more fuel cells, one or more generators, one or more alternators, one or more solar cells, and combinations thereof.

[0077] System 800 may include one or more input interfaces 850. “Input interface” includes any device, component, system, element or configuration, or group thereof, that enables information / data to be input into the machine. An input interface 850 may accept input from a person (e.g., a cyclist). Any suitable input interface 850 may be used, including, for example, a keypad, display, touchscreen, multitouchscreen, switch, button, joystick, mouse, trackball, microphone and / or combination thereof.

[0078] System 800 may include one or more output interfaces 860. “Output interface” includes devices, components, systems, elements or configurations, or groups thereof, that enable the display of information / data to a person. An output interface 860 may display information / data to the occupant of the saddle 102. An output interface 860 may include a display, earphones, and / or speakers. Some components of System 800 may function as both components of the input interface 850 and components of the output interface 860.

[0079] System 800 may include a set system or a saddle system 870. The saddle system 870 may include a seat or saddle and a vibration isolator. The above description of the saddle 102 and the vibration isolator 110 applies similarly to the same elements in the saddle system 870.

[0080] The system 800 may include one or more actuators 885. The actuators 885 may be operationally coupled to produce a variety of events. For example, the actuators 885 may be operationally coupled to move one or more landings 130. The actuators 885 may be operationally coupled to one or more landings 130. In one or more configurations, the actuators 885 may include, but are merely some possibilities, a servo motor, a pneumatic actuator, a hydraulic piston, a relay, a solenoid and / or a piezoelectric actuator. The actuators 885 may include, but are merely some possibilities, a piston, a push and / or a pull bar or lob, a pulley, a gear, a gear track and / or a magnet. The actuators 885 may include any combination of the above. The actuators 885 may be selectively operated to move one or more landings 130 in and out of a variety of positions. In one or more configurations, the actuator 885 may be operated in response to receiving signals from the control module 880 and / or signals or other inputs from the user (e.g., via the input interface 850).

[0081] System 800 may include one or more modules, at least some of which are described herein. A module may be implemented as computer-readable program code, which, when executed by a processor, performs one or more of the various processes described herein. One or more modules may be components of processor 810, and one or more modules may run on and / or be distributed across other processing systems to which processor 810 is operationally connected. A module may include instructions (e.g., program logic) that can be executed by one or more processors 810. Alternatively or additionally, one or more data stores 820 may include such instructions.

[0082] In one or more configurations, the modules described herein may include elements of artificial intelligence or computational intelligence, such as neural networks, fuzzy logic, or other machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, in one or more configurations, a module may be distributed among multiple modules. In one or more configurations, two or more modules described herein may be combined to form a single module.

[0083] The system 800 may include one or more control modules 880. A control module 880 may include a profile or logic for actively controlling the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110. A control module 880 may be configured to determine when the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110, such as a stiffness profile, should be adjusted. A control module 880 may be configured to do so in any suitable manner. For example, a control module 880 may be configured to analyze information or data obtained by a sensor 830 (e.g., a weight sensor 1032 and / or other sensors). A control module 880 may obtain raw data from the sensor 830 and / or from the data store 820. A control module 880 may use a profile, parameter, or setting loaded into the control module 880 and / or stored in the data store 820. Alternatively or additionally, a control module 880 may be configured to detect user input (e.g., commands) provided to the input interface 850.

[0084] The control module 880 may analyze sensor data to determine appropriate operation for adjusting the performance characteristics of the vibration isolator 110. The control module 880 may be configured to adjust the stiffness of the vibration isolator 110. As used herein, “cause” or “causing” means to cause, compel, guide, command, instruct, and / or enable an event or action to occur, or at least to put a situation in which such an event or action could occur, either directly or indirectly.

[0085] For example, the control module 880 may move one or more landings 130 of the vibration isolator 110 so as not to interfere with them. For example, the control module 880 may actuate one or more actuators 885, and the actuators 885 may move so as not to interfere with the landings 130. As a result, the spring members 150 associated with the moved landings 130 contribute to the performance of the vibration isolator 110. In some configurations, the control module 880 may be configured to selectively allow, limit, adjust, modify, and / or block the flow of electrical energy from the power supply 840 to the actuators 885. The control module 880 may be configured to transmit control signals or commands to the actuators 885 or to other elements of the system 800 via the communication network 890.

[0086] The control module 880 may be configured to adjust the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110 based on one or more parameters. For example, the control module 880 may be configured to adjust the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110 based on real-time conditions detected by the sensor 830, such as the weight of a seat occupant. Based on such real-time conditions, the control module 880 may determine the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110. The control module 880 may query the data store 820 for data about the spring members 150. For example, the control module 880 may query spring member data, such as a stress-strain curve for the spring members 150, which includes performance characteristics based on the number of stacks of spring members used. The control module 880 may be configured to select or determine an appropriate number of stacks of spring members 150 to achieve the desired stiffness characteristics.

[0087] The selective change in the rigidity characteristics of the vibration isolator 110 can be performed at any appropriate time. For example, the selective change can be performed continuously, periodically, irregularly, or intermittently.

[0088] Depending on the circumstances, the control module 880 may be configured to selectively adjust the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110 based on user input (e.g., a command). For example, the user may provide input to the input interface 850. The input may be for adjusting the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110. The control module 880 may be configured to adjust the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator 110 in response to user input.

[0089] In some configurations, the control module 880 may be configured to selectively activate and deactivate the magnetic field generator 500 associated with the vibration isolator 110 (see Figure 5). The control module 880 may be configured to vary the strength of the magnetic field produced by the magnetic field generator 500. In some configurations, the control module 880 may be configured to selectively allow, limit, adjust, modify, and / or block the flow of electrical energy from the power supply 840 to the actuator 885. The control module 880 may be configured to transmit control signals or commands to the actuator 885 or to other elements of the system 800 via the communication network 890. In some configurations, the control module 880 may be configured to vary the strength of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator 500 based on the weight of the occupant in the saddle 102. Such weight may be determined by a weight sensor 832.

[0090] Various elements of System 800 may be communicatively connected to one or more other elements via one or more communication networks 890. As used herein, the term “communicatively connected” may include direct or indirect connections via communication channels, buses, pathways, or components of another system. “Communication network” means one or more components designed to transmit and / or receive information from one source to another. The data store 820 and / or one or more other elements of System 800 may include and / or run appropriate communication software, which enables the various elements to communicate with each other via the communication network and perform the functions disclosed herein.

[0091] One or more communication networks 890 may be implemented as, or include, a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN), a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a wireless network, a mobile network, a virtual private network (VPN), the Internet, a hardwired communication bus, and / or one or more intranets, without limitation. A communication network may further be implemented as, or include, one or more wireless networks, whether short-range (e.g., one of the IEEE 802 wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth®, 802.11a / b / g / i, 802.15, 802.16, 802.20, a local wireless network built using Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) or WPA2) or long-range (e.g., mobile, cellular, and / or satellite-based wireless networks, such as GSM networks, TDMA networks, CDMA networks, WCDMA® networks, etc.). A communication network may include wired communication connections and / or wireless communication connections. The communication network may include any combination of the aforementioned networks and / or other types of networks.

[0092] Additional stacks of cone springs are described below. Referring to Figure 13, an example of a spring member configuration 1300 for use in a vibration isolator is shown in a cross-sectional view. Configuration 1300 may include a plurality of cone springs 300 arranged in a stack 1305. The stack 1305 of the plurality of cone springs 300 may have a first outermost cone spring 301 and a second outermost cone spring 302.

[0093] The conical springs 300 can be arranged in an alternating single-conical spring structure. Thus, the outer diameter body portion 320 of one conical spring 300 may face the outer diameter body portion 320 of one adjacent conical spring 300. Adjacent conical springs 300 may be separated from each other by spacers, as will be described later. It should be understood that the outer diameter body portions 320 of the outermost conical springs 301, 302 may or may not face another conical spring 300. For example, in the particular configuration shown in Figure 13, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the second outermost conical spring 302 does not face another conical spring 300.

[0094] Furthermore, the inner diameter body portion 330 of one cone spring 300 may face another adjacent inner diameter body portion 330 of the cone springs 300. It should be understood that the inner diameter body portions 330 of the outermost cone springs 301 and 302 may or may not face another of the cone springs 300. For example, in the particular configuration shown in Figure 13, the inner diameter body portion 330 of the first outermost cone spring 301 does not face another of the cone springs 300.

[0095] Configuration 1300 may further include a plurality of inner spacers 1310 and a plurality of outer spacers 1320. The inner spacers 1310 can separate the inner diameter body portions 330 of adjacent conical springs 300. The outer spacers 1320 can separate the outer diameter body portions 320 of adjacent conical springs 300. In some configurations, the plurality of inner spacers 1310 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one inner spacer 1310 may differ from the other inner spacers 1310 in one or more respects. In some configurations, the plurality of outer spacers 1320 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one outer spacer 1320 may differ from the other outer spacers 1320 in one or more respects.

[0096] The inner spacer 1310 and the outer spacer 1320 may generally be cylindrical members. In one or more configurations, the inner spacer 1310 and the outer spacer 1320 may have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. Therefore, the inner spacer 1310 may include an inner wall 1311, an outer wall 1312, a first ledge 1313, and a second ledge 1314. The outer spacer 1320 may include an inner wall 1321, an outer wall 1322, a first ledge 1323, and a second ledge 1324.

[0097] The inner spacer 1310 and the outer spacer 1320 may be configured as non-locking spacers. Thus, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300 may abut or contact the first ledge 1323 or the second ledge 1324 of the outer spacer 1320. Similarly, the inner diameter body portion 330 may abut or contact the first ledge 1313 or the second ledge 1314 of the inner spacer 1310. Thus, the inner spacer 1310 and the outer spacer 1320 do not lock into the conical spring 300. As a result, the stack 1305 may not have the capacity to bear any lateral loads on its own.

[0098] The inner spacer 1310 and / or outer spacer 1320 may be low-profile spacers. In such a case, the inner spacer 1310 does not extend beyond or substantially beyond the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300. The inner wall 1311 of the inner spacer 1310 may be substantially aligned with or substantially flush with the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300. The outer spacer 1320 does not extend beyond or substantially beyond the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300. The outer wall 1322 of the outer spacer 1320 may be substantially aligned with or substantially flush with the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300.

[0099] Figure 13 shows the cone spring 300 in the stack 1305 in a neutral position. However, as will be described in more detail later, the configuration 1300 may be configured such that the cone spring 300 in the stack 1305 can be flattened or even inverted.

[0100] Referring to Figure 14, an example of a spring member configuration 1400 for use in a vibration isolator is shown in a cross-sectional view. Configuration 1400 may include a plurality of conical springs 300 arranged in a stack 1405. The stack 1405 of the plurality of conical springs 300 may have a first outermost conical spring 301 and a second outermost conical spring 302.

[0101] The cone springs 300 can be arranged in an alternating double cone spring configuration. Here, the cone springs 300 can be arranged in sets 305 of multiple cone springs 300. In the illustrated example, each set 305 may contain two cone springs 300. The two cone springs 300 may be nested or stacked. However, it should be understood that a “set” can have any number of cone springs. It should be understood that the spring force can be doubled by stacking the cone springs 300 in a double configuration.

[0102] Therefore, the outer diameter body portion 320 of a cone spring 300 in one set 305 may face the outer diameter body portion 320 of a cone spring 300 in an adjacent set 305. The cone springs 300 in adjacent sets 305 may be spaced apart from each other by spacers, as described below.

[0103] It should be understood that the outer diameter body portion 320 of the outermost conical springs 301 and 302 may or may not face another conical spring 300 or a pair of conical springs 300. For example, in the specific configuration shown in Figure 14, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the second outermost conical spring 302 does not face another conical spring 300 or a pair of conical springs 300. Similarly, the inner diameter body portion 330 of the first outermost conical spring 301 does not face another conical spring 300 or a pair of conical springs 300.

[0104] Configuration 1400 may further include a plurality of inner spacers 1410 and a plurality of outer spacers 1420. The inner spacers 1410 can separate the inner diameter body portions 330 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. The outer spacers 1420 can separate the outer diameter body portions 320 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. In some configurations, the plurality of inner spacers 1410 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one inner spacer 1410 may differ from the other inner spacers 1410 in one or more respects. In some configurations, the plurality of outer spacers 1420 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one outer spacer 1420 may differ from the other outer spacers 1420 in one or more respects.

[0105] The inner spacer 1410 and the outer spacer 1420 may generally be cylindrical members. In one or more configurations, the inner spacer 1410 and the outer spacer 1420 may have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. Therefore, the inner spacer 1410 may include an inner wall 1411, an outer wall 1412, a first ledge 1413, and a second ledge 1414. The outer spacer 1420 may include an inner wall 1421, an outer wall 1422, a first ledge 1423, and a second ledge 1424.

[0106] The inner spacer 1410 and the outer spacer 1420 may be configured as non-locking spacers. Thus, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300 of set 305 may abut or contact the first ledge 1423 or the second ledge 1424 of the outer spacer 1420. Similarly, the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300 of set 305 may abut or contact the first ledge 1413 or the second ledge 1414 of the inner spacer 1410. Thus, the inner spacer 1410 and the outer spacer 1420 do not lock into the conical spring 300. As a result, the stack 1405 may not have the capacity to bear any lateral loads on its own.

[0107] The inner spacer 1410 and / or outer spacer 1420 may be low-profile spacers. In such a case, the inner spacer 1410 does not extend beyond or substantially beyond the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300. The inner wall 1411 of the inner spacer 1410 may be substantially aligned with or substantially flush with the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300. The outer spacer 1420 does not extend beyond or substantially beyond the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300. The outer wall 1422 of the outer spacer 1420 may be substantially aligned with or substantially flush with the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300.

[0108] Figure 14 shows a pair of cone springs 300 in a stack 1405 in a neutral position. However, as will be described in more detail later, configuration 1400 may be configured such that the set 305 of cone springs 300 in the stack 1405 can be flattened or even inverted.

[0109] Referring to Figure 15, an example of a spring member configuration 1500 for use in a vibration isolator is shown in a cross-sectional view. Configuration 1500 may include a plurality of conical springs 300 arranged in a stack 1505. The stack 1505 of the plurality of conical springs 300 may have a first outermost conical spring 301 and a second outermost conical spring 302. In some cases, configuration 1500 may be used inside a seatpost 106, 1906. In other cases, configuration 1500 may be used outside a seatpost 106, 1906.

[0110] Configuration 1500 may further include a plurality of inner spacers 1510 and a plurality of outer spacers 1520. Optionally, configuration 1500 may include end caps or end spacers 1503, 1504 at both ends of the stack 1505. An inner spacer 1510 may space the inner diameter body portions 330 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. An outer spacer 1520 may space the outer diameter body portions 320 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. In some configurations, a plurality of inner spacers 1510 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one inner spacer 1510 may differ from other inner spacers 1510 in one or more respects. In some configurations, a plurality of outer spacers 1520 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one outer spacer 1520 may differ from other outer spacers 1520 in one or more respects.

[0111] The inner spacer 1510 and the outer spacer 1520 may generally be cylindrical members. In one or more configurations, the inner spacer 1510 and the outer spacer 1520 may have a substantially T-shaped cross-section. Thus, the inner spacer 1510 may include an inner wall portion 1512 and a lateral ledge portion 1514. The lateral ledge portion 1514 may extend outward from the inner wall portion 1512. The lateral ledge portion 1514 may be substantially perpendicular to the inner wall portion 1512. The outer spacer 1520 may include an outer wall portion 1522 and a lateral ledge portion 1524. The lateral ledge portion 1524 may extend inward from the outer wall portion 1522. The lateral ledge portion 1524 may be substantially perpendicular to the outer wall portion 1522.

[0112] The inner spacer 1510 and the outer spacer 1520 may be configured as non-locking spacers. Therefore, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300 may abut or contact the lateral ledge portion 1524 of the outer spacer 1520. Similarly, the inner diameter body portion 330 may abut or contact the lateral ledge portion 1514 of the inner spacer 1510. Therefore, the inner spacer 1510 and the outer spacer 1520 do not lock into the conical spring 300.

[0113] Depending on the configuration, the 1500 may include a first end cap and a second end cap. The first end cap may be operationally connected to and / or operationally positioned with respect to the first outermost conical spring 301 at the first end 1501 of the stack 1505. In some configurations, one or more intermediate structures may be located between the first end cap and the first outermost conical spring 301. In other configurations, the first end cap and the first outermost conical spring 301 may be in direct contact with each other. The second end cap may be operationally connected to and / or operationally positioned with respect to the second outermost conical spring 302 at the second end 1502 of the stack 1505. In some configurations, one or more intermediate structures may be located between the second end cap and the second outermost conical spring 302. In other configurations, the second end cap and the first outermost conical spring 301 may be in direct contact with each other.

[0114] The first end cap and the second end cap may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. In some configurations, the first end cap and the second end cap may be substantially identical to each other. In other configurations, the first end cap and the second end cap may differ from each other in one or more respects. The first end cap and the second end cap may be formed from any suitable material.

[0115] Figure 15 shows the cone spring 300 in the stack 1505 in a neutral position. However, as will be described in more detail later, the stack 1505 may be configured such that the cone spring 300 in the stack 1505 can be flattened or even inverted.

[0116] Referring to Figure 16, an example of a spring member configuration 1600 for use in a vibration isolator is shown in a cross-sectional view. Configuration 1600 may include a plurality of conical springs 300 arranged in a stack 1605. The stack 1605 of the plurality of conical springs 300 may have a first outermost conical spring 301 and a second outermost conical spring 302.

[0117] Configuration 1600 may further include a plurality of inner spacers 1610 and a plurality of outer spacers 1620. Optionally, configuration 1600 may include end caps or end spacers 1603, 1604 at both ends of the stack 1605. An inner spacer 1610 may space the inner diameter body portions 330 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. An outer spacer 1620 may space the outer diameter body portions 320 of adjacent pairs of conical springs 300. In some configurations, a plurality of inner spacers 1610 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one inner spacer 1610 may differ from other inner spacers 1610 in one or more respects. In some configurations, a plurality of outer spacers 1620 may be substantially identical to one another. In other configurations, at least one outer spacer 1620 may differ from other outer spacers 1620 in one or more respects.

[0118] The inner spacer 1610 and the outer spacer 1620 may generally be cylindrical members. In one or more configurations, the inner spacer 1610 and the outer spacer 1620 may have a substantially E-shaped or substantially triangular cross-sectional shape. Thus, the inner spacer 1610 may include an inner wall portion 1612, a central lateral ledge portion 1614, an upper lateral ledge portion 1616, and a lower lateral ledge portion 1618. The terms “upper” and “lower” should be understood as being used for convenience in this regard with respect to the orientation of the inner spacer 1610 shown in Figure 16. However, the upper lateral ledge portion 1616 and the lower lateral ledge portion 1618 may not actually be above or below the central lateral ledge portion 1614, depending on the orientation of configuration 1600 or the vibration isolator used in configuration 1600. The first groove 1611 may be defined by the inner wall portion 1612, the central lateral ledge portion 1614, and the upper lateral ledge portion 1616. The second groove 1613 can be defined by an inner wall portion 1612, a central transverse ledge portion 1614, and a lower transverse ledge portion 1618.

[0119] The central lateral ledge portion 1614 may extend outward from the interior wall portion 1612. The central lateral ledge portion 1614 may be substantially perpendicular to the interior wall portion 1612. In some configurations, the upper lateral ledge portion 1616 and the lower lateral ledge portion 1618 may be non-parallel to the central lateral ledge portion 1614. In some configurations, the upper lateral ledge portion 1616 and the lower lateral ledge portion 1618 may be non-parallel to each other.

[0120] The outer spacer 1620 may include an outer wall portion 1622, a central lateral ledge portion 1624, an upper lateral ledge portion 1626, and a lower lateral ledge portion 1628. Again, the terms “upper” and “lower” are used for convenience in this regard with respect to the orientation of the inner spacer 1610 shown in Figure 16. The first groove 1621 may be defined by the outer wall portion 1622, the central lateral ledge portion 1624, and the upper lateral ledge portion 1626. The second groove 1623 may be defined by the outer wall portion 1622, the central lateral ledge portion 1624, and the lower lateral ledge portion 1628.

[0121] The central horizontal ledge portion 1624 may extend outward from the exterior wall portion 1622. The central horizontal ledge portion 1624 may be substantially perpendicular to the exterior wall portion 1622. In some configurations, the upper horizontal ledge portion 1626 and the lower horizontal ledge portion 1628 may be non-parallel to the central horizontal ledge portion 1624. In some configurations, the upper horizontal ledge portion 1626 and the lower horizontal ledge portion 1628 may be non-parallel to each other.

[0122] The inner spacer 1610 and the outer spacer 1620 may be configured as locking spacers. The outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300 may be received in one of the first groove 1621 and the second groove 1623 of the outer spacer 1620. Thus, the outer diameter body portion 320 of the conical spring 300 may be locked and engaged by one of the first groove 1621 and the second groove 1623 of the outer spacer 1620, and / or may be held in a manner that allows for retention by one of each. Similarly, the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300 may be received in one of the first groove 1611 and the second groove 1613 of the inner spacer 1610. Thus, the inner diameter body portion 330 of the conical spring 300 may be locked and engaged by one of the first groove 1611 and the second groove 1613 of the inner spacer 1610, and / or may be held in a manner that allows for retention by one of each.

[0123] Configuration 1600 may include a first end cap and a second end cap. The first end cap may be operationally connected to and / or operationally positioned with respect to the first outermost conical spring 301 at the first end 1601 of the stack 1605. In some configurations, one or more intermediate structures may be located between the first end cap and the first outermost conical spring 301. In other configurations, the first end cap and the first outermost conical spring 301 may be in direct contact with each other. The second end cap may be operationally connected to and / or operationally positioned with respect to the second outermost conical spring 302 at the second end 1602 of the stack 1605. In some configurations, one or more intermediate structures may be located between the second end cap and the second outermost conical spring 302. In other configurations, the second end cap and the second outermost conical spring 302 may be in direct contact with each other.

[0124] The first end cap and the second end cap may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. In some configurations, the first end cap and the second end cap may be substantially identical to each other. In other configurations, the first end cap and the second end cap may differ from each other in several respects. The first end cap and the second end cap may be formed from any material.

[0125] Figure 16 shows the cone spring 300 in the stack 1605 in a neutral position. However, as will be described in more detail later, the stack 1605 may be configured such that the cone spring 300 in the stack 1605 is flattened or even inverted.

[0126] Figure 15 shows an example where the inner spacer 1510 and outer spacer 1520 are non-locking, and Figure 16 shows an example where the inner spacer 1610 and outer spacer 1620 are locking. However, it should be understood that the configurations described herein are not limited in this respect. In fact, a vibration isolator may use any combination of locking, non-locking, and / or other types of spacers for the inner spacers and / or outer spacers. For example, the inner spacers may be locking spacers, the outer spacers may be non-locking spacers, and vice versa. As in another example, the inner spacers may be all locking spacers, all non-locking spacers, or any combination of locking and non-locking spacers. Similarly, the outer spacers may be all locking spacers, all non-locking spacers, or any combination of locking and non-locking spacers.

[0127] Furthermore, it will be understood that other configurations of the spring member may be used. In fact, examples of spring member configurations and / or additional vibration isolators may include any of those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 10371229, 10677310, and 11137045, the full texts of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0128] As described above, various configurations of the spring member can be used in connection with a vibration isolator. Referring to Figure 17, an example of a vibration isolator cartridge 1700 is shown. The vibration isolator cartridge 1700 may include a housing 1705. The housing 1705 may have any suitable size, shape, and / or structure. In one or more configurations, the housing 1705 may be substantially cylindrical in shape. The housing 1705 may be sized to be received by another structure, such as a seatpost or other part of a bicycle. The housing 1705 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, metal or plastic, but these are merely some of the possibilities.

[0129] The housing 1705 may have an inner wall 1707 and an outer wall 1708. The housing 1705 may include an upper end 1710 and a lower end 1720. The terms “upper” and “lower” are used for convenience in this regard regarding the orientation of the vibration isolator cartridge 1700 shown in Figure 17, and should be understood as not intended to be limiting. Naturally, when the vibration isolator cartridge 1700 is in use, it may have any suitable orientation. The upper end 1710 may be open. The lower end 1720 may be at least partially open, for example, by an opening 1730 defined in the lower end 1720. The lower end 1720 may include a lower wall portion 1725.

[0130] Multiple cone springs can be operationally positioned within the housing 1705. In the example shown in Figure 17, the multiple cone springs can be arranged in a stack in an alternating double cone spring structure, similar to the example shown in Figure 14. With such a structure of multiple cone springs, it will be understood that the outer diameter body portion and outer spacer of the cone springs can be adjacent to the inner wall of the housing. Thus, the inner wall 1707 of the housing 1705 can be maintained in substantially concentric alignment. The housing 1705 can provide lateral supports for the stack of cone springs.

[0131] The vibration isolator cartridge 1700 may include a plunger. The plunger may be configured to a stack of conical springs as described herein. For clarity, the plunger is not shown in Figure 17.

[0132] The vibration isolator cartridge 1700 can be used in any application where vibration damping is desired. For example, the vibration isolator cartridge 1700 can be used in connection with a bicycle. Figure 18A is a cross-sectional view of a part of a bicycle. More specifically, Figure 18A shows a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', 1700'''' stacked within a seatpost 1800 for a bicycle saddle. The vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', 1700'''' can be stacked in a manner in which their ends are connected. Thus, the lower end 1720 of vibration isolator cartridge 1700' can contact and / or be supported on the upper end 1710 of vibration isolator cartridge 1700'', and the lower end 1720 of vibration isolator cartridge 1700'' can contact and / or be supported on the upper end 1710 of vibration isolator cartridge 1700''''.

[0133] As described above, each vibration isolator cartridge 1700', 1700'', 1700''' may include plungers 1750', 1750'', 1750'''', respectively. The plungers 1750', 1750'', 1750'''' can be any movable structure and may have any suitable structure. For example, in one or more configurations, one or more plungers 1750', 1750'', 1750''' may include a head 1760 and a shaft 1770. The shaft 1770 may extend from the head 1760. The shaft 1770 may extend to a terminal portion 1780. The shaft 1770 may pass through the interior of the stack of vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', 1700'''.

[0134] In some cases, one or more plungers may include only the head 1760. Plunger 1750'' is an example of such a plunger. The vibration isolator cartridge 1700'' is the bottom cartridge in the stack of vibration isolator cartridges. Thus, since there are no further plungers to push down, a shaft is not required for plunger 1750'''. The shaft also reaches the bottom 1801 of the seatpost 1800.

[0135] The head 1760 may have any size, shape, and / or structure. The shaft 1770 may have any size, shape, and / or structure. The head 1760 and the shaft 1770 may be a single structure or separate parts that are later joined together. In some configurations, the head 1760 may be substantially circular, rectangular, polygonal, or triangular in its structure. In some configurations, the shaft 1770 may have a substantially circular, rectangular, polygonal, or triangular cross-sectional shape. In some configurations, the shafts 1770 of the plunger 1750 may be substantially aligned with each other within the vibration isolator cartridge 1700.

[0136] The plungers 1750 may be substantially identical to one another. Alternatively, one or more plungers 1750 may differ from the other plungers 1750 in one or more respects, such respects include, for example, the width of the head, the shape of the head, the thickness of the head, the length of the shaft, the diameter or width of the shaft, and / or the cross-sectional shape.

[0137] In some configurations, a portion of the shaft 1770 of the head 1760 and plunger 1750 may extend outside the housing 1705. This exposed portion of the plunger 1750 may engage with the engagement structure 1850. However, in some configurations, the head 1760 of the plunger 1750 associated with the upper vibration isolator cartridge may be substantially flush with the upper end 1710 of the housing 1705. In some configurations, the head 1760 of the plunger 1750 associated with the upper vibration isolator cartridge may be formed recessed from the upper end 1710 of the housing 1705. The plunger 1750 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, metal or plastic.

[0138] It should be understood that the modular structure of the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' allows for the use of appropriate plungers as needed, and that the plungers can be easily removed and / or replaced. Similarly, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' allow for the use of any stack of conical springs as needed. The vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' can be easily added, removed, and / or replaced. In some configurations, the bottom 1801 of the seatpost 1800 may be configured to be removable and / or allow access to the interior of the seatpost 1800. As an example, the bottom 1801 of the seatpost 1800 may be provided with a nut or other closing element that can be unscrewed to allow access to the interior of the seatpost 1800. Once removed, the vibration isolator cartridge can be removed from or inserted into the seatpost 1800.

[0139] Figure 18A shows the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' in a neutral or non-operating configuration. In the non-operating configuration, the end portion 1780 of the shaft 1770 can be located close to, slightly separated from, or in contact with the adjacent plunger 1750.

[0140] For example, when a load is applied from the engagement structure 1850 to the head 1760 of the plunger 1750' of the vibration isolator cartridge 1700', the plunger 1750' may be moved downward. The end portion 1780 of the shaft 1770 of the plunger 1750' may come into contact with the head 1760 of the plunger 1750'', which may begin to push down the head 1760 of the plunger 1750''. The end portion 1780 of the shaft 1770 of the plunger 1750' may pass through the opening 1730 in the lower end portion 1720 of the housing 1705 of the vibration isolator cartridge 1700'. As the plunger 1750' moves further downward, the head 1760 of the plunger 1750'' is moved downward. The end portion 1780 of the shaft 1770 of plunger 1750'' can come into contact with the head 1760 of plunger 1750''', which can begin to push down the head 1760 of plunger 1750'''. As plunger 1750'' moves further down, the head 1760 of plunger 1750''' moves downward. In some configurations, plungers 1750', 1750'', and 1750''' can be pushed down simultaneously or substantially simultaneously.

[0141] As a result, the stacks of cone springs in each vibration isolator cartridge 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' can be compressed. Figure 18B shows an example of compression of the cone spring stacks. As the cone springs are compressed, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' can be in different stiffness regions of the force-deflection curve, as will be described in more detail below. In some configurations, the stacks of cone springs in each vibration isolator cartridge 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' can be compressed simultaneously or substantially simultaneously.

[0142] Referring to Figure 19, an example of a part of a bicycle is shown. The configuration described herein is used for a bicycle, It should be understood that the configurations described herein can be used in connection with various devices, including seats or saddles. For example, the configurations described herein can be used in connection with any powered or unpowered vehicle, including, for example, unicycles, motorcycles, and tricycles.

[0143] Bicycle 1900 may include a saddle 1902, which may also be called a seat. The saddle 1902 may be designed to support a part of the rider's body. The saddle 1902 may provide cushioning and / or comfort to the user. The saddle 1902 may be any type of saddle that is currently known or will be developed in the future.

[0144] The saddle 1902 can be operationally connected to a bicycle frame 1904 in any suitable mode, currently known or to be developed in the future. In one or more configurations, the saddle 1902 can be operationally connected to a seatpost 1906 (which may be a seatpost 1800 in Figure 18). The seatpost 1906 may be a tubular structure. In some configurations, at least a portion of the seatpost 1906 may be hollow. In such cases, the seatpost 1906 may have an inner circumferential surface 1908.

[0145] One or more vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may be operationally positioned to reduce vibrations acting on the saddle 1902. The vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may be provided at any suitable location. In one or more configurations, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may be located inside the hollow of the seatpost 1906. In some configurations, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700 are not coupled to any other structures within the seatpost 1906. In some configurations, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may frictionally engage with the inner circumferential surface 1908 of the seatpost 1906. In some configurations, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may be operationally coupled to the seatpost 1906. For example, the vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may be operationally coupled to the seatpost 1906 by one or more fasteners, one or more welds, one or more adhesives, and / or one or more forms of mechanical engagement, or any combination thereof. The vibration isolator cartridge 1700 may be operationally positioned relative to an engaging structure, such as a structure as a pin 1912 on the saddle 1902, or another structure operationally connected to the saddle 1902. In some configurations, the engaging structure may be moved to compress one of the uppermost plungers of the vibration isolator cartridge 1700. The engaging structure (e.g., pin 1912) may be moved by a four-bar linkage 1950 or by a linkage 1960 operationally connected to the four-bar linkage 1950. The engaging structure may be an intermediate structure operationally positioned between the saddle 1902 and the vibration isolator cartridge 1700. Alternatively or additionally, the four-bar linkage 1950 and / or linkage 1960 may be an intermediate structure operationally positioned between the saddle 1902 and the vibration isolator cartridge 1700.

[0146] In some configurations, the engaging structure (e.g., pin 1912) may be in direct contact with the plunger 1750 of the vibration isolator cartridge 1700. In some configurations, the engaging structure (e.g., pin 1912) may be spaced away from the vibration isolator cartridge 1700.

[0147] During use, the aforementioned structure of pin 1912 in Figure 19 (e.g., the 4-bar linkage 1950 or other structure) can be pressed downward on pin 1912. As a result, pin 1912 can be pressed downward on the vibration isolator cartridge 1700. In some configurations, the structure and pin 1912 may be separate structures. In other configurations, the structure and pin 1912 may be operatively linked to each other or may be a single structure.

[0148] While the configuration shown in Figure 19 illustrates a single vibration isolator cartridge 1700, it should be noted that there may be multiple vibration isolator cartridges 1700. In such cases, the multiple vibration isolator cartridges 1700 can be arranged in any suitable manner. For example, the multiple vibration isolator cartridges 1700 can be stacked within the seatpost 1906 with their ends connected. When there are multiple vibration isolator cartridges 1700, they may be substantially identical to one another, or one or more vibration isolator cartridges 1700 may differ from the others in one or more respects.

[0149] Figures 20–22 show the stacked state of the cone springs of Figure 16 in various regions of the force-deflection curve. Note that the discussions in Figures 2A–2B and 3 above apply equally to these configurations. Figure 20 shows a representation of the stacked cone springs in the initial stiffness region 230 of the force-deflection curve. Although the stacked cone springs are shown from Figure 16, it should be understood that the discussions can be applied to any stacked cone springs described herein. As seen in the figures, the cone spring 300 can be substantially in these neutral states. In the initial stiffness region 230, the stiffness curve is substantially linear and can increase from the origin of the graph. The stacked cone springs can be relatively stiff in the initial stiffness region 230.

[0150] In Figure 21, the stack of conical springs can be in the quasi-zero stiffness region 240 of the force-deflection curve 210. In the quasi-zero stiffness region 240, the force-deflection curve becomes substantially horizontal. The stiffness becomes very small, 0 or substantially 0. The quasi-zero stiffness region 240 enables excellent vibration isolation. In the quasi-zero stiffness region 240, the conical springs 300 can become substantially horizontal from their initial shapes.

[0151] In Figure 22, the stack of conical springs can be in the subsequent stiffness region 250. In the subsequent stiffness region, the stiffness curve is substantially linear and can increase from the edge of the quasi-zero stiffness region 240. The stack of conical springs can be relatively stiff in the initial stiffness region 230. As can be seen in the figure, the conical spring 300 can be inverted relative to these initial shapes. It should be understood that such inversion is possible in the structure of the stack of conical springs.

[0152] It should be understood that the characteristics in the near-zero stiffness region are adapted to obtain the desired performance characteristics. Such adaptation can be achieved by changing the characteristics of the cone springs, the number of cone springs, the configuration of the cone springs, other components of the isolator, and / or other factors, but this is merely a list of some of the possibilities.

[0153] It should also be noted that any number of vibration isolator cartridges can be used. If the structure into which they are received is longer than the vibration isolator cartridges, spacer cartridges may be used to fill the space. Referring to Figure 23A, an example of a three-cartridge structure 2310 is shown. Each vibration isolator cartridge 1700', 1700'', 1700''' may have associated forces F1, F2, and F3, respectively. Since the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', 1700''' act in parallel, the total spring force is F = F1 + F2 + F3.

[0154] Figure 23B shows an example of a two-cartridge structure 2320, where there are two vibration isolator cartridges 1700' and 1700'' or 1700''' associated with forces F1 and F2 or F3. In the two-cartridge structure 2320, there may be a spacer 2350 to fill the space within the structure that receives the vibration isolator cartridge 1700. The spacer 2350 may be an empty vibration isolator cartridge, such as a housing 1705. The spacer 2350 may have substantially the same overall dimensions as the vibration isolator cartridge. Alternatively, the dimensions of the spacer 2350 may differ from the dimensions of the vibration isolator cartridge in one or more respects, such as height. Since the vibration isolator cartridges 1700', 1700'', and 1700''' act in parallel, the total spring force may be either F = F1 + F2 or F = F1 + F3.

[0155] It should be understood that the modular design of vibration isolator cartridges can provide flexibility in obtaining the desired vibration isolation performance characteristics. In fact, vibration isolator cartridges can be mixed and matched as needed to achieve the desired characteristics. Figure 24 shows an example of force v in the displacement graph 2400, which illustrates the force-displacement relationship, and displays curves for various combinations of vibration isolator cartridges in Figures 23A and 23B. As is evident from the figures, different combinations of vibration isolator cartridges can produce different curves on the displacement graph representing the force-displacement relationship. While vibration isolator cartridges are arranged in a manner where their ends are connected, it should be understood that vibration isolator cartridges can also be configured to act effectively in parallel with each other to obtain the desired overall effect. Furthermore, it should be understood that the compact configurations described herein can enable larger overall forces to be obtained by the vibration isolator cartridges. It should be noted that the forces obtained by the configurations described herein cannot be obtained by a single stack of cone springs. Such stacks are limited by the diameter of the cone springs, as cone springs with sufficiently large forces are not available in small diameters. As a result, they cannot be practically used in small-diameter applications, such as in bicycle seatposts.

[0156] In some configurations, a bicycle seatpost may have multiple vibration isolator cartridges pre-assembled inside. Therefore, F1 + F2 + ... Fn can be the total vibration load or design weight. However, there are several instances where the situation may fall outside the design range. For example, the cyclist may be heavier or lighter, also outside the design range. In such cases, additional adjustments are provided by changing the vibration isolator cartridges used in the seatpost based on the rider's weight. The vibration isolator cartridges can be easily added, removed, replaced, or rearranged to achieve the design weight or superior vibration damping for the rider.

[0157] As described above, there may be one or more operationally positioned intermediate structures between the vibration isolator or vibration isolator cartridge located within the seatpost and the saddle. Alternatively or additionally, there may be one or more operationally positioned intermediate structures between the vibration isolator and the saddle. Figures 25A–25D and 26A–26B show examples of various viewpoints of a bicycle saddle and illustrate one or more operationally positioned intermediate structures between the saddle and the vibration isolator.

[0158] Referring to Figures 25A–25D, the saddle 2500 may include a saddle body 2502. The saddle body 2502 may be formed of any suitable material, including, for example, plastic, metal, cloth, or any combination thereof. The saddle body 2502 may include a front region 2504 and a rear region 2506. The saddle body 2502 may include an upper section 2507 and a lower section 2508. Note that positional terms such as “front end,” “rear end,” “up,” and “down” are used to indicate the relative position of each item when the saddle 2500 is used in the intended operating position of the saddle. These terms are used for convenience to facilitate discussion and are not intended to be limiting.

[0159] The saddle body 2502 may have any suitable shape. In one or more configurations, the rear region 2506 may have a wider shape than the front region 2504. The saddle body 2502 may have an axial direction A that generally corresponds to the front-rear direction of the saddle body 2502. The saddle body 2502 may also include a vertical direction E. The saddle body 2502 may further include a lateral or width direction W.

[0160] In some configurations, the saddle 2500 may include padding that is operatively connected to the saddle body 2502. The padding may provide support, cushioning, and / or comfort to the user. However, in other configurations, the saddle 2500 may not include padding.

[0161] The saddle 2500 may include a plurality of isolators 2520. The configurations described herein are in relation to a saddle 2500 including two isolators. However, it should be understood that in some configurations, the saddle 2500 may include a single isolator or two or more isolators. In the example shown in Figures 25A–25D, there may be a first isolator 2520' and a second isolator 2520''. In one or more configurations, the first isolator 2520' and the second isolator 2520'' may be substantially identical to each other. In other configurations, the first isolator 2520' and the second isolator 2520'' may differ from each other in one or more respects. The first isolator 2520' and the second isolator 2520'' may be spaced apart from each other in the width direction W. The first isolator 2520' and the second isolator 2520'' may be substantially aligned with each other along the axial direction A.

[0162] In some configurations, the isolator 2520 may include multiple cone springs. The cone springs may be arranged in a stack. There are numerous ways in which multiple cone springs can be arranged in a stack. Several examples were described above in relation to Figures 15 and 16. However, it should be understood that the configuration is not limited to the configuration of cone springs or such isolators.

[0163] In some configurations, multiple isolators 2520 can be operatively connected to the saddle body 2502 in the rear region 2506. Multiple isolators 2520 can be operatively connected to the saddle body 2502 in any suitable currently known or future-developed manner. For example, multiple isolators 2520 can be operatively connected to the saddle body 2502 by one or more fasteners, one or more forms of mechanical engagement, one or more adhesives, one or more other methods, and / or any combination thereof. In the example shown in Figure 25B, multiple isolators 2520 can be operatively connected to the saddle body 2502 by one or more bolts.

[0164] There may be one or more intermediate structures between the vibration isolator 2520 and the saddle body 2502, which are operationally or otherwise positioned. As a result, the vibration isolator 2520 and the saddle body 2502 are indirectly coupled to each other.

[0165] Vibrations and / or forces on the saddle body 2502 can be transmitted to the vibration isolators 2520 by the intermediate structure 2560. The intermediate structure 2560 may, in any suitable manner, be coupled to the saddle body 2502 and / or the vibration isolators 2520. In some configurations, the intermediate structure 2560 may not be coupled to the saddle body 2502 and / or the vibration isolators 2520. In some configurations, there may be an intermediate structure 2560 associated with each vibration isolator 2520. In other configurations, there may be an intermediate structure 2560 associated with multiple vibration isolators 2520.

[0166] The intermediate structure 2560 can be any structure. In some configurations, the intermediate structure 2560 can be a rigid structure, such as a metal structure. In other configurations, the intermediate structure can be a non-rigid structure. In some configurations, the intermediate structure 2560 may be a stopper (e.g., a rubber stopper) and / or may contain a viscous fluid. In some configurations, the intermediate structure 2560 can be any type of four-bar linkage or four-bar suspension that is currently known or may be developed in the future. In some configurations, such a four-bar linkage or four-bar suspension may include one or more springs, one or more shape memory alloy members (e.g., shape memory alloy wires), one or more dampers, other similar structures, or any combination thereof.

[0167] Referring to Figures 26A and 26B, in some configurations, the vibration isolator 2520 can be operatively coupled to a saddle frame 2524, which in turn can be operatively coupled to a saddle body 2502 in any suitable manner, including any method described herein. The saddle frame 2524 can be considered an intermediate structure.

[0168] Depending on the circumstances, the saddle 2500 may include a rail member 2530. The rail member 2530 may be a single part, or it may be formed of multiple parts. The rail member 2530 may be made of any suitable material, such as metal.

[0169] The rail member 2530 may have any appropriate size, shape, and / or structure. One example of the structure of the rail member 2530 is shown in Figures 25A–25D, but it should be understood that other configurations are possible. In one or more configurations, the rail member 2530 may include a substantially U-shaped region 2532. The rail member 2530 may include arms 2534, 2536 that extend substantially away from the U-shaped region 2532. The arms 2534, 2536 may include one or more bends, curves, or non-straight characteristics. Parts of the arms 2534, 2536 may extend in a substantially linear manner. The arms 2534, 2536 may extend substantially parallel to each other along at least a portion of their total length. In some configurations, the arms 2534, 2536 may generally move away from each other as they extend substantially away from the U-shaped region 2532.

[0170] Arm 2534 may extend to a first end region 2535, and arm 2536 may extend to a second end region 2537. The first end region 2535 and the second end region 2537 may have any appropriate size, shape, and / or structure. In some configurations, the first end region 2535 and the second end region 2537 may be substantially identical to each other. However, in one or more configurations, the first end region 2535 and the second end region 2537 may differ from each other in one or more respects. In the example shown in Figures 25A–25D, the first end region 2535 and the second end region 2537 may include their respective arms 2534 and 2536 folded in their own direction.

[0171] The rail member 2530 may be located below 2508 of the saddle body 2502. The rail member 2530 may be operatively connected to a plurality of isolators 2520. For example, the first end region 2535 of the rail member 2530 may be operatively connected to the first isolator 2520', and the second end region 2537 of the rail member 2530 may be operatively connected to the second isolator 2520''. Any suitable form of connection between the plurality of isolators 2520 and the rail member 2530 may be used, such as one or more fasteners, one or more forms of mechanical engagement, one or more adhesives, one or more methods, and / or any combination thereof. In the example shown in Figures 25C–25D, the rail member 2530 may be operatively connected to the isolator 2520 by one or more bolts 2538.

[0172] The rail member 2530 can be operatively coupled to the saddle body 2502 in the forward region 2504. More specifically, the rail member 2530 can be operatively coupled to the saddle body 2502 in the forward region 2504 by a pivot coupling 2540. The pivot coupling 2540 can allow the saddle body 2502 to rotate about an axis R defined by the pivot coupling 2540. The axis R may be substantially parallel to the width axis W. The pivot coupling 2540 can accommodate rolling forces in the axial direction A.

[0173] The pivot coupling 2540 can be achieved in any suitable manner. One example is shown in Figures 25C–25D. In this example, the rail member 2530 can be operatively coupled to the saddle body 2502 by a collar 2542. In some configurations, the collar 2542 can be formed of two collar portions 2542', 2542''. The two collar portions 2542', 2542'' can join together to define a central opening 2544. A portion of the rail member 2530 can be received in the central opening 2544. The two collar portions 2542', 2542'' can be operatively coupled to each other in any suitable manner. For example, one or more fasteners can be used to operatively couple the two collar portions 2542', 2542'' together. The collar 2542 can be formed of any suitable material, such as plastic, rubber, or metal, but these are merely some possibilities.

[0174] Collar 2542 can be operatively coupled to the saddle body 2502. For example, collar 2542 can be operatively coupled to the underside 2509 of the saddle body 2502. In one or more configurations, fittings 2550 can be operatively coupled to the saddle body 2502 by one or more fasteners, one or more forms of mechanical engagement, one or more adhesives, one or more other methods, and / or any combination thereof. Similarly, collar 2542 can be operatively coupled to fittings 2550 in any suitable manner, such as one or more fasteners, one or more forms of mechanical engagement, one or more adhesives, one or more other methods, and / or any combination thereof. In one or more configurations, fastener 2543 can be used to operatively couple with collar 2542 and fittings 2550. Fastener 2543 can be received by collar 2542 and / or engage with the opening in collar 2542.

[0175] The position of the collar 2542 can be substantially fixed relative to the saddle body 2502. However, the rail member 2530 can rotate within the collar 2542, thereby providing a pivot connection 2540. In some configurations, one or more bearings may be operatively positioned between the collar 2542 and the rail member 2530 to facilitate the rotation of the rail member 2530. As an example, the bearing may be at least partially within or at least partially on the collar 2542. The bearing may be any suitable type of bearing currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0176] The vibration isolator 2520 may be configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile. This nonlinear stiffness profile may include a region of near-zero stiffness. An example of a force-deflection graph 200 for this type of actuator is shown in Figure 2A. The above-described discussions for Figures 2A and 2B apply equally here.

[0177] Various configurations are described herein. It should be understood that any combination of these configurations may be implemented. Alternatively or additionally, any combination or subset of the configurations in U.S. Patent Publication 2023 / 0020004, U.S. Patent 11485437, U.S. Patent Publication 2023 / 0219646, and U.S. Patent 11565763, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, may be formed.

[0178] The configurations described herein can provide numerous benefits, and it should be understood that this includes more than one of the benefits listed herein. For example, the configurations described herein can provide vibration damping for bicycle saddles. The configurations described herein can improve rider comfort and / or ride quality. The configurations described herein may use isolators along with low-cost components (e.g., conical springs). Some configurations described herein may use at least three coupling points on the saddle (e.g., at least two isolators in the rear region of the saddle and a pivot coupling in the front region of the saddle). As a result, the isolators can avoid the use of a central shaft and / or outer sleeve. The configurations described herein may provide a bicycle saddle configured to handle roll and pitch motion.

[0179] The terms "a" and "an" are defined as, when used herein, one or more, rather than one. The term "plural" is defined as, when used herein, two or more, rather than two. The term "another" is defined as, when used herein, at least a second or more. The terms "containing" and / or "having" are defined as, when used herein, equipped with (i.e., open language). The term "or" is intended to mean a more inclusive "or" than an exclusive "or". The expression "at least one of... and..." refers to and encompasses, when used herein, one or more of the related enumerated items, any and all possible combinations. For example, the expression "at least one of A, B, and C" includes A only, B only, C only, and combinations thereof (e.g., AB, AC, BC, ABC).

[0180] As used herein, the terms “substantially” or “approximately” include the term it modifies and any deviations thereof. Thus, the term “substantially parallel” means parallel itself and any deviations thereof. “Deviations thereof” may include within or less than 15 degrees / % / unit, 14 degrees / % / unit, 13 degrees / % / unit, 12 degrees / % / unit, 11 degrees / % / unit, 10 degrees / % / unit, 9 degrees / % / unit, 8 degrees / % / unit, 7 degrees / % / unit, 6 degrees / % / unit, 5 degrees / % / unit, 4 degrees / % / unit, 3 degrees / % / unit, 2 degrees / % / unit, or 1 degree / % / unit. In some cases, "substantially" may include being within standard manufacturing tolerances.

[0181] Aspects of this specification may be embodied in other forms without departing from their essential contribution or spirit. Therefore, subsequent claims pointing to the claims should be referred to more than those in the earlier specification.

Claims

1. A vibration isolator cartridge, Housing and A plunger configured to be pushed downward toward the end of the housing, A plurality of spring members operably positioned within the housing between the plunger and the end portion of the housing, the plurality of spring members arranged in a stack, Equipped with, The vibration isolator cartridge is configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile, and the nonlinear stiffness profile includes a region of quasi-zero stiffness. Vibration isolator cartridge.

2. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of spring members are a plurality of conical springs.

3. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 2, wherein the conical springs are arranged in an alternating pattern, each conical spring includes an outer diameter body portion and an inner diameter body portion, and at least some of the conical springs are The outer diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent outer diameter body portions of the conical spring, and The inner diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent inner diameter body portions of the conical spring, A vibration isolator cartridge, which is at least one of the following.

4. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 3, wherein the outer diameter body portion and one adjacent outer diameter body portion of the conical spring are separated by an outer spacer.

5. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the outer spacer is a non-locking spacer.

6. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the outer spacer does not expand the entire outer sheath of the plurality of conical springs in the lateral direction.

7. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall of the housing is configured such that the plurality of conical springs are maintained in substantially concentric alignment.

8. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 3, wherein the inner diameter body portion and one adjacent inner diameter body portion of the conical spring are separated by a spacer.

9. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 3, wherein the outer diameter body portion of the conical spring is adjacent to the inner wall of the housing.

10. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 2, wherein the conical springs are stacked in an alternating pattern in a double stack.

11. A vibration isolator cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes an inner wall, The plunger includes a head and a shaft. The plurality of spring members are adjacent to the inner wall, and as a result, no intervening structure is located between the spring members and the inner wall. Each of the aforementioned plurality of spring members includes a central opening, The shaft extends through the central opening of the spring member. Vibration isolator cartridge.

12. It is a vibration isolation system, It comprises a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges arranged in such a manner that their ends are connected, and each of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges is Housing and A plurality of conical springs operably positioned within the housing, wherein the plurality of conical springs are arranged in a stack, Equipped with, Each of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges is configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile, the nonlinear stiffness profile includes a region of quasi-zero stiffness, and the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges are configured to act in parallel with one another. Vibration isolation system.

13. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the vibration isolator cartridges has different vibration isolation performance from the rest of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges.

14. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein in at least one of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges, adjacent cone springs in the stack of cone springs are separated by spacers.

15. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein the inner wall of the housing is configured such that the plurality of conical springs are maintained in substantially concentric alignment.

16. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein in at least one of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges, the conical springs are double-stacked in an alternating pattern.

17. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein each vibration isolator cartridge further includes a plunger, the plunger being configured to be pushed down toward the end of the housing, and the plurality of conical springs being compressed when the plunger is pushed down.

18. A vibration isolation system according to claim 12, wherein, for each of the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges, the stack of spring members is configured such that when compressed, it is in a region of quasi-zero stiffness of the nonlinear stiffness profile.

19. A system for vibration damping of a bicycle saddle, wherein the system is Bicycle saddle and A bicycle frame that is operably connected to the aforementioned bicycle saddle, Multiple vibration isolator cartridges located within a portion of the aforementioned bicycle frame, Equipped with, The system comprises a plurality of vibration isolator cartridges operatively positioned relative to the bicycle saddle, each of the vibration isolator cartridges comprising a plurality of conical springs arranged in a stack, each of the vibration isolator cartridges configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile, the nonlinear stiffness profile including a region of near-zero stiffness.

20. A system according to claim 19, wherein the bicycle frame includes a seat post, the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges are received on the seat post, and the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges are arranged such that their ends are connected.

21. The system according to claim 20, wherein the plurality of vibration isolator cartridges are configured to act in parallel with one another.

22. A bicycle saddle system, The saddle body and, A vibration isolator including a stack of multiple conical springs, An intermediate structure that is operationally positioned between the saddle body and the vibration isolator, A bicycle saddle system equipped with [feature].

23. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the intermediate structure is a four-bar linkage.

24. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the intermediate structure is a frame.

25. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the stack of the plurality of conical springs does not include a central shaft.

26. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the stack of the plurality of conical springs does not include an outer sleeve.

27. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the vibration isolator is configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile including a region of quasi-zero stiffness.

28. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the stack of a plurality of conical springs is arranged in an alternating pattern, each of the plurality of conical springs includes an outer diameter body portion and an inner diameter body portion, The outer diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent outer diameter body portions among the plurality of conical springs, The inner diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent inner diameter body portions among the plurality of conical springs, A bicycle saddle system that is at least one of the following.

29. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 28, wherein the vibration isolator includes a plurality of inner spacers, the inner spacers separating the inner diameter body portions of an adjacent pair of conical springs.

30. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 28, wherein the vibration isolator includes a plurality of outer spacers, the outer spacers separating the outer diameter body portions of an adjacent pair of conical springs.

31. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 22, wherein the vibration isolator is configured as a cartridge, and Housing and A plunger configured to be pushed downward toward the end of the housing, It further includes, A bicycle saddle system in which the stack of the plurality of conical springs is operatively positioned within the housing between the plunger and the end portion of the housing.

32. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 31, wherein the conical springs are arranged in an alternating pattern, each conical spring includes an outer diameter body portion and an inner diameter body portion, and at least some of the conical springs are The outer diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent outer diameter body portions of the conical spring, and The inner diameter body portion faces one of the adjacent inner diameter body portions of the conical spring, A bicycle saddle system that is at least one of the following.

33. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 32, wherein the outer diameter body portion and one adjacent outer diameter body portion of the conical spring are separated by an outer spacer, and the outer spacer does not expand the entire outer covering of the plurality of conical springs in the lateral direction.

34. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 32, wherein the inner diameter body portion and one adjacent inner diameter body portion of the conical spring are separated by an inner spacer, and the inner spacer does not expand the entire outer covering of the plurality of conical springs in the lateral direction.

35. A bicycle saddle system according to claim 32, wherein the conical springs are stacked in an alternating pattern in a double layer.

36. A system for vibration damping of a bicycle saddle, wherein the system is Bicycle saddle and Bicycle frame and An intermediate structure that is operably positioned between the bicycle saddle and the bicycle frame, A vibration isolator located within a part of the bicycle frame, Equipped with, A system in which the vibration isolator is operationally positioned relative to the intermediate structure, the vibration isolator includes a plurality of conical springs arranged in a stack, and the vibration isolator is configured to exhibit a nonlinear stiffness profile including a region of quasi-zero stiffness.

37. A system according to claim 36, wherein the bicycle frame includes a seat post, and the vibration isolator is received on the seat post.

38. A system according to claim 36, wherein the intermediate structure is a four-bar linkage.

39. A system according to claim 36, wherein the intermediate structure is a pin.

40. A system according to claim 36, wherein each vibration isolator further includes a plunger, the plunger being configured to be pushed down toward the end of the vibration isolator, and the plurality of conical springs being compressed when the plunger is pushed down.

41. The system according to claim 36, wherein the stack of spring members is configured such that when compressed, it lies in the quasi-zero stiffness region of the nonlinear stiffness profile.

42. The system according to claim 36, wherein the vibration isolator includes a plurality of vibration isolators stacked in a manner in which their ends are connected.

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