Improved application of semi-permanent tattoos

Abstract

In a first aspect, the disclosure relates to a temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0001] This application claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 23170745.6, filed on April 28, 2023, entitled "Semi-permanent tattoo with improved application", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of tattoos. More specifically, the present invention relates to semi-permanent tattoos.

Background Art

[0003] Temporary or semi-permanent tattoos or body inks have been used throughout human history to adorn the body. Generally, temporary or semi-permanent tattoos are transferred to the skin by directly exposing the skin to tattoo ink over a specified incubation period. The quality of the transferred image and its duration on the skin can depend on the ink distribution profile in the outer layer of the skin called the stratum corneum, or the distribution profile in the epidermis. As manufacturing methods for existing tattoo designs currently in use, there are numerous forms of local formulations including flexographic or gravure printing inks, stencils, and inkjet printers.

[0004] For example, semi-permanent colorants such as genipin and genipin derivatives can be used to apply semi-permanent tattoos. Genipin can chemically bond to the skin (mammals, especially humans) and can result in long-lasting blue coloring of the skin.

[0005] Semi-permanent colorants may be incorporated into applicators, such as stickers, to facilitate the application of semi-permanent tattoos by the user. The applicator may have a predetermined pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant that defines the design of the semi-permanent tattoo. For the manufacture of applicators for semi-permanent tattoos, the semi-permanent colorant may be mixed with other compounds, such as solvents, to form temporary tattoo ink. The temporary tattoo ink may be printed in the form of a predetermined pattern on an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner. To apply the semi-permanent tattoo, the adhesive layer can then be placed on the portion of skin intended to show the semi-permanent tattoo, allowing the semi-permanent colorant to diffuse into the skin.

[0006] International Publication No. 2020 / 163830(A1) discloses such an applicator and a suitable ink comprising water, ethanol, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol®) as liquid ink components, in addition to genipine as a semi-permanent colorant. Inks based on these components are also commercially available from the applicant.

[0007] However, it has been found that semi-permanent tattoos obtained using such applicators may have an uneven and inconsistent appearance.

[0008] This disclosure relates to the improvement of semi-permanent tattoos. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0009] In a first aspect, the disclosure relates to a temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0010] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol.

[0011] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may include genipin or a genipin derivative, particularly purified genipin.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically polar solvents, the solvents in particular may be selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof.

[0013] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain a surfactant, more specifically, the surfactant may be a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol.

[0014] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may include a matrix component, more specifically, the matrix component may be a polyol, and even more specifically, a disaccharide, particularly trehalose.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 20% by weight, more specifically, about 3% to about 15% by weight, and in particular about 5% to about 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more compounds may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 30% by weight, more specifically, about 5% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 10% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more solvents may be present in an amount of about 30% to about 90% by weight, more specifically, about 50% to about 85% by weight, and particularly about 65% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0018] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the solvent may include water and ethanol, more specifically, the ratio of water to ethanol may be about 1:1 to about 1:2, and more specifically, about 1:1.3 to about 1:1.8.

[0019] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the matrix component may be present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 6% by weight, more specifically, about 0.5% to about 4% by weight, and in particular about 1% to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain less than 1% by weight, more specifically less than 0.1% by weight, of the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink, and may not contain a gelling agent at all, or may not contain one at all.

[0021] In a second aspect, the disclosure relates to an applicator for applying a pattern comprising a semi-permanent colorant. The applicator comprises a carrier liner, an adhesive layer, and a pattern provided on and / or within the adhesive layer, the pattern comprising a semi-permanent colorant and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the pattern may include a plurality of spots, the plurality of spots may have an average maximum diameter of about 10 μm to about 500 μm, more specifically about 50 μm to about 250 μm, and in particular about 75 μm to about 130 μm.

[0023] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the applicator may include a peel-off liner.

[0024] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the carrier liner has a first surface and a second surface, and the adhesive layer may be provided over at least about 50%, more specifically at least 70%, particularly at least 90% of the entire surface of the second surface.

[0025] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the pattern may be provided over and / or within less than 95%, more specifically less than 90%, particularly less than 85% of the entire surface of the adhesive layer facing away from the carrier liner.

[0026] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the adhesive layer may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a rubber adhesive.

[0027] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the adhesive layer may include a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0028] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the adhesive layer may be water-insoluble.

[0029] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the carrier liner may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a water-resistant polymer or a waterproof polymer, particularly a waterproof polymer.

[0030] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the carrier liner may be water-resistant or waterproof.

[0031] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the carrier liner may have a thickness of from about 10 μm to about 300 μm, more specifically from about 30 μm to about 150 μm, particularly from about 40 μm to about 100 μm.

[0032] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the adhesive layer may have a thickness of from about 5 μm to about 200 μm, more specifically from about 20 μm to about 100 μm, particularly from about 30 μm to about 80 μm.

[0033] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant may contain one or more compounds in an amount of about 0.01% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 25% by weight, and in particular about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern.

[0034] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the pattern may include a matrix component, and in particular the matrix component includes a polyol.

[0035] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the polyol may have a molar mass of at least 100 g / mol, more specifically at least 200 g / mol, and particularly at least 300 g / mol. The matrix component may be solid at 0°C, more preferably solid at 20°C, even more specifically solid at 30°C, and particularly solid at 45°C.

[0036] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant may contain one or more solvents in an amount of about 0.01% to about 90% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 85% by weight, and in particular about 0.1% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern.

[0037] In a third aspect, the disclosure relates to an applicator obtained by applying a temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner. The temporary tattoo ink comprises one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0038] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically, one or more polar solvents, the solvents in particular may be selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof.

[0039] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, the composition may be applied by printing, particularly by inkjet printing.

[0040] In some embodiments according to a third aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include heat treatment, particularly after the application of temporary tattoo ink to the adhesive layer.

[0041] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of about 45°C to about 85°C, more specifically about 55°C to about 75°C, for a duration of about 20 minutes to about 120 minutes, and particularly about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes.

[0042] In some embodiments of the third aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include attaching the release liner to the adhesive layer, particularly by lamination, especially after heat treatment.

[0043] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain about 30% to about 90% by weight of one or more solvents, and / or about 1% to about 30% by weight of one or more compounds, and / or about 1% to about 20% by weight of one or more semi-permanent colorants.

[0044] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol.

[0045] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, the adhesive layer may include, be essentially, or consist of a rubber adhesive.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing an applicator for applying patterns containing a semi-permanent colorant. The method comprises applying a temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, the temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0047] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically, one or more polar solvents, the solvents being selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof.

[0048] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the composition may be applied by printing, particularly by inkjet printing.

[0049] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include heat treatment, particularly after the application of temporary tattoo ink.

[0050] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of about 45°C to about 85°C, more specifically about 55°C to about 75°C, for a duration of about 20 minutes to about 120 minutes, and particularly about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes.

[0051] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include attaching the release liner to the adhesive layer, particularly by lamination, especially after heat treatment.

[0052] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain about 30% to about 90% by weight of one or more solvents, about 1% to about 30% by weight of one or more compounds, and / or about 1% to about 20% by weight of one or more semi-permanent colorants.

[0053] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol.

[0054] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the adhesive layer may include, be essentially, or consist of a rubber adhesive.

[0055] In a fifth aspect, the disclosure relates to the use of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof in temporary tattoo inks to prevent or reduce the transfer of printed temporary tattoo ink onto a peel-off liner. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0056] [Figure 1] An exploded view of the applicator according to the first embodiment is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0057] The present disclosure is described in detail below. Terms or words used in the description and aspects of this disclosure should not be constrained to have only common language or dictionary meanings, but should be construed to have their ordinary technical meanings established in the relevant art unless specifically defined below. While the detailed description refers to specific embodiments to better illustrate the disclosure, it should be understood that the presented disclosure is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0058] A semi-permanent colorant may be incorporated into an applicator, such as a sticker, to facilitate the application of a semi-permanent tattoo by the user. The applicator may have a predetermined pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant that defines the design of the semi-permanent tattoo. For the manufacture of an applicator for semi-permanent tattoos, the semi-permanent colorant may be mixed with other compounds, such as a solvent, to form a temporary tattoo ink. The temporary tattoo ink may be printed in the form of a predetermined pattern on an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner. To apply the semi-permanent tattoo, the adhesive layer can then be placed on the portion of skin intended to show the semi-permanent tattoo, allowing the semi-permanent colorant to diffuse into the skin.

[0059] The application of semi-permanent tattoos using the aforementioned applicator offers several advantages. Firstly, it allows users to apply semi-permanent tattoos in a single step without requiring significant effort from the user. Furthermore, by applying temporary tattoo ink to an adhesive layer through printing, high-throughput production with precise designs becomes possible. In addition, the aforementioned tattoos may not require wetting with water to transfer the pattern design to the skin.

[0060] However, it has been found that semi-permanent colorants may not diffuse uniformly from the applicator into the skin. In fact, the resulting semi-permanent tattoo may appear uneven. The term “uneven semi-permanent tattoo” as used herein refers to a semi-permanent tattoo that contains areas of (unintended) color intensity differences, particularly with respect to the result obtained on the skin. While not bound by theory, this is thought to be due to the interaction of the adhesive layer, the temporary tattoo ink, and the release liner.

[0061] Surprisingly, it has been found that by including one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof in the temporary tattoo ink applied to the adhesive layer, the unevenness of the resulting tattoo can be significantly reduced.

[0062] While not bound by theory, the aforementioned alkyl glycol is thought to possess slight surfactant properties that may be beneficial in promoting the uniform spreading of (dried) ink on the adhesive layer. This idea is based on the following observations: The aforementioned tattoo patch comprises a carrier liner, an adhesive layer on which the tattoo pattern is printed, and a release liner. The release liner is a layer of material, such as a sheet of paper, attached to the adhesive layer on the opposite side of the carrier liner. The release liner can protect the adhesive layer and the pattern placed thereon during storage and transport. The release liner is configured to be easily removable but needs to adhere sufficiently to prevent premature peeling. After removing the release liner, the quality of the pattern may be reduced, and it has been found that the pattern may appear uneven, particularly when illuminated from the back with visible light. Specifically, when illuminated from the back, some areas of the pattern may appear transparent, while other parts of the pattern may appear opaque. Observable unevenness in the pattern has been found to directly correlate with unevenness in the resulting semi-permanent tattoo. The color of the semi-permanent pigment develops over time, and as a result, unevenness in the tattoo may only become visible after 12 to 24 hours. In particular, areas of the pattern that appeared opaque when light was shone from the back resulted in areas of semi-permanent tattoo with lower color intensity compared to areas where a transparent pattern was applied. In some cases, after peeling off the release liner, (almost) the entire pattern appeared opaque, resulting in semi-permanent tattoos with lower color intensity compared to those applied with a transparent pattern. Therefore, it is considered that the glycol already provides its benefits to the ink when applied to the adhesive layer and does not primarily act on the skin in a cosmetic manner (skin penetration, moisturizing effect, etc.).

[0063] Furthermore, the aforementioned glycol may make it possible to provide temporary tattoo inks that are still suitable for printing, particularly inkjet printing, and skin contact.

[0064] Temporary tattoo ink Accordingly, in a first aspect, the disclosure relates to a temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0065] In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol in particular. In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more compounds may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 5% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 10% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0066] The term “colorant” is well known and, in particular, refers to its general meaning in the art. Additionally or alternatively, the term “colorant” may refer to a substance that alters the color of reflected or transmitted light as a result of wavelength-selective absorption. As used herein, “color” refers to wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation visible to the human eye. The term “semi-permanent colorant” is well known and, in particular, refers to its general meaning in the art. Additionally or alternatively, the term “semi-permanent colorant” refers to a colorant that penetrates one or more layers of the skin and cannot be removed from the skin without physical destruction of the skin or natural desquamation. For example, a semi-permanent colorant may penetrate the stratum corneum and / or epidermis and react with other molecules, e.g., other colorant molecules and / or other molecules present in the stratum corneum and / or epidermis, so that the semi-permanent colorant becomes fixed within the stratum corneum and / or epidermis. For example, a semi-permanent colorant may crosslink with collagen found in the stratum corneum and / or epidermis. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may react with other molecules, e.g., other colorant molecules and / or other molecules present in the stratum corneum and / or epidermis, to form molecules that are too large to diffuse from the stratum corneum and / or epidermis. In some embodiments of the first aspect, where the semi-permanent colorant penetrates the stratum corneum and / or epidermis, the residence time of the colorant is determined by the natural desquamation process. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant cannot be washed away, for example, with water, soap, and / or isopropanol. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant comprises natural or synthetic pigments or dyes. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may comprise colorant precursors, e.g., molecules such as genipin that exhibit color when reacted with one or more other molecules.

[0067] In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more semi-permanent colorants may include a colorant precursor. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the colorant precursor is genipin. Thus, in some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may include genipin or a genipin derivative, in particular purified genipin. As used herein, “genipin” means genipin extract, partially purified genipin extract, and / or purified genipin, as further described herein. The term “purified genipin” may refer to a semi-permanent colorant containing at least about 90% by weight, more specifically at least about 95% by weight, in particular at least about 98.5% by weight, of the total weight of the semi-permanent colorant. Genipin is derived from an iridoid glycoside called geniposide, which is present in nearly 40 plant species. Genipin may be derived, for example, from the plant Genipa americana, in particular its fruit. The plant Genipa americana is also known as jagua, caruto, huito, jenipapo, genipapa, guaitil, tapaculo, yigualti, shagua, xagua, maluco, vito, nandipa, or bi. Genipin can also be derived from, for example, gardenia, especially its fruit. Genipa is also sold under the names jagua extract or genipa food extract. Furthermore, genipine is a precursor of gardenia blue, which, upon exposure to amine groups, undergoes free radical polymerization and / or oligomerization to form a blue colorant (see, for example, Touyama et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 42:668-673, 1994, and Touyama et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 42(8):1571-1578, 1994; both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety). When in contact with skin, genipine can react with amines in the skin to situ produce polymer-based blue and / or oligomer-based blue.Because polymer-based and / or oligomer-based blue colorants are too large to penetrate the skin at the relevant concentrations, the penetration profile of genipin can determine the color density profile of the stratum corneum and / or epidermis.

[0068] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the semi-permanent colorant may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 20% by weight, more specifically, about 3% to about 15% by weight, and in particular about 5% to about 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0069] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically, one or more polar solvents, the solvents in particular may be selected from the group of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof. The solvents may dissolve semi-permanent colorants, such as genipin and / or other components, such as matrix components. The amount of solvent, in particular the solvent, may also be adjusted to adjust the viscosity of the temporary tattoo ink. In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more solvents may be present in an amount of about 30% to about 90% by weight, more specifically, about 50% to about 85% by weight, and particularly about 65% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the solvents may include water and ethanol, more specifically, the ratio of water to ethanol may be about 1:1 to about 1:2, more specifically, about 1:1.3 to about 1:1.8. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain less than 1% by weight, more specifically less than 0.1% by weight, of the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink, and may not contain any transktor at all, or may not contain any transktor at all.

[0070] Temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more additional colorants, in particular one or more temporary colorants. The term “temporary colorant” is well known and, above all, refers to its general meaning in the art. Additionally or alternatively, the term “temporary colorant” refers to a colorant that is located on the surface of the skin, or, if it penetrates the skin, diffuses out of the skin, or can be washed off with, for example, water, soap, and / or isopropanol. As mentioned above, semi-permanent colorants such as genipin may require time for their color to develop (fully). Additional colorants may make the temporary tattoo visible immediately after application. In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the additional colorants, in particular temporary colorants, may be present in an amount of about 0.05% to about 1% by weight, more specifically about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.In some embodiments of the first aspect, one or more temporary colorants include iron oxide black (Fe3O4), iron oxide (FeO), carbon, logwood, yellow ochre, cinnabar (HgS), cadmium red (CdSe), iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3), naphthol-AS pigment, disazodiarylide, disazopyrazolone, cadmium selenosulfide, cadmium yellow (CdS, CdZnS), curcuma yellow, chromium yellow (PbCrO4), disazodiarylide, chromium oxide (Cr2O3), malachite [Cu 2(CO3)(OH)2], ferrocyanide, felicyanide, lead chromate, monoazo pigments, Cu / Al phthalocyanine, Cu phthalocyanine, azure blue, cobalt blue, Cu-phthalocyanine, manganese violet (manganese ammonium pyrophosphate), aluminum salts, quinacridone, dioxazine / carbazole, lead white (lead carbonate), titanium dioxide (TiO2), barium sulfate (BaSO4), zinc oxide, anthraquinone dyes and derivatives, anato, caramel, β-carotene, bisma citrate Sodium EDTA, copper disodium, copper potassium sodium chlorophyllin, dihydroxyacetone, bismuth oxychloride, guaiazulene, henna, ammonium iron ferricyanide, iron ferricyanide, chromium hydroxide green, chromium oxide green, guanine, lead acetate, pyrophyllite, mica, silver, titanium dioxide, aluminum powder, bronze powder, copper powder, ultramarine, manganese violet, zinc oxide, luminescent zinc sulfide, D&C Black No. 2 and No. 3, FD&C Blue No. 1 (e.g., Acid Blue 9) The following can be selected: D&C Blue No. 4, D&C Brown No. 1, FD&C Green No. 3, D&C Green No. 5, 6, and 8, D&C Orange No. 4, 5, 10, and 11, FD&C Red No. 4, D&C Red No. 6, 7, 17, 21, 22, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 36, and 40, D&C Violet No. 2, Topical D&C Violet No. 2, FD&C Yellow No. 5 and 6, D&C Yellow No. 7, 8, 10, and 11, and Topical D&C Yellow No. 7. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary colorant does not contain an amine group. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary colorant is Acid Blue 9.

[0071] A temporary tattoo ink according to the first embodiment can be used to print a pattern onto an applicator. Therefore, in some embodiments of the first embodiment, the temporary tattoo ink may be suitable for printing, particularly inkjet printing. In some embodiments of the first embodiment, the temporary tattoo ink may be an inkjet printer ink composition. The temporary tattoo ink may contain additional components that can improve its printability, for example, by adjusting its viscosity and / or surface tension. In some embodiments of the first embodiment, the composition may be configured to have a viscosity of about 1 to about 7 centipoise at 20°C. In some embodiments of the first embodiment, the composition may be configured to have a viscosity of about 3 to about 6 centipoise at 20°C. In some embodiments of the first embodiment, the composition may be configured to have a surface tension of about 20 to about 35 dynes / cm, more specifically about 25 to 30 dynes / cm. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain less than 1% by weight, more specifically less than 0.1% by weight, of a gelling agent relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink, or may not contain a gelling agent at all or essentially not. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain less than 1% by weight, more specifically less than 0.1% by weight, of an adhesive relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink, or may not contain an adhesive at all or essentially not. The gelling agent and adhesive may significantly increase the viscosity of the temporary tattoo ink, making it unsuitable for printing, particularly inkjet printing. Viscosity can be measured, for example, using a Brookfield Ametek DVE viscometer, model number DVEELVTJ0, with a UL adapter for viscosities less than 10 centipoise. Surface tension and contact angle can be measured using a Kruss Force tensiometer with the du Nouy ring method according to ASTM D1331-20.

[0072] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain a surfactant. The term “surfactant” is well known and, above all, is used in its general sense in the art. Additionally or alternatively, the term “surfactant” may refer to a substance that tends to reduce the surface tension of the liquid in which it is dissolved. Non-limiting examples of surfactants include alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, soaps, ethoxylates, alkyl alcohols, lignosulfonates, or triglycerides. For example, surfactants may include sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, lauryl sulfate, dialkyl sulfosuccinate, dimethyl ether of tetradecylphosphonic acid, lauryl monoethanol, glycerol diesters (diglycerides), dodecyl betaine, abietic acid, polyethoxylated octylphenol, 1,2-hexanediol (e.g., OPTIPHEN® HD), and sorbitan monoester. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the surfactant may be a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol. The surfactant, particularly 1,2-hexanediol, can reduce the surface tension of the temporary tattoo ink, thereby improving the print quality of the ink. Furthermore, the surfactant, particularly 1,2-hexanediol, can improve the skin penetration of the semi-permanent colorant. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the surfactant may be present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 6% by weight, more specifically about 0.5% to about 4% by weight, particularly about 1% to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

[0073] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may include a matrix component. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the matrix component may include a polyol. The matrix component may provide mechanical stability to the pattern. Furthermore, the semi-permanent colorant may be partially embedded within the matrix component in the final applicator, which may reduce the diffusion rate of the semi-permanent colorant onto the release liner. The matrix component may release the semi-permanent colorant when applied to the skin, for example by becoming slightly moistened with sweat. Furthermore, the matrix component may increase the resolution of the printed image. Although not bound by theory, the matrix component may form hydrogen bonds with the semi-permanent colorant in the ink used for printing and / or during the drying process, which may reduce the mobility of the semi-permanent colorant by preventing it from diffusing onto or into the adhesive layer, particularly along the surface of the adhesive layer, thereby reducing blurring of the printed image.

[0074] As used herein, polyols mean alcohols containing at least three hydroxyl groups, and more particularly at least four hydroxyl groups. Examples of polyols include oligosaccharides such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and trisaccharides, sugar alcohols, or other short-chain polymer polyols. Optionally, polyols as used herein may include polyol derivatives that may incorporate other hydrophilic groups, such as ethylene oxide derivatives of hydroxyl groups.

[0075] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the polyol (of the matrix component) may be a polyol that can be redispersed in an aqueous medium, and in particular, the polyol may be water-soluble. The term “water-soluble polyol” in this disclosure may refer to a polyol having a water solubility of more than 0.5 g / dL, more specifically more than 10 g / dL, and especially more than 50 g / dL at 20°C. As described above, the matrix component may release a semi-permanent colorant when moistened with sweat. Not limited to theory, the matrix component, when containing a polyol, may be partially solubilized, for example, when absorbing water from sweat, allowing for a higher diffusion rate of the semi-permanent colorant toward the skin. Furthermore, not limited to theory, the matrix component may bond with the semi-permanent colorant by forming hydrogen bonds with it, which are solubilized by water penetrating the pattern, and then allow for improved mobility of the semi-permanent colorant. The matrix component may also improve the transfer of the pattern to the skin by acting as a hygroscopic substance and then drawing sweat from the skin.

[0076] In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the polyol may have a molar mass of at least 100 g / mol, more specifically at least 200 g / mol, and particularly at least 300 g / mol. The matrix component may be solid at 0°C, more preferably at 20°C, even more specifically at 30°C, and particularly at 45°C. In some embodiments according to the first aspect, the polyol may be solid at 0°C, more preferably at 20°C, even more specifically at 30°C, and particularly at 45°C.

[0077] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the matrix component may be selected from the group consisting of sugars, sugar alcohols, and polymers. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the sugar may be selected from the group consisting of trehalose, glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, and xylose, trehalose, sucrose, lactotrehalose, galactotrehalose, 6-azizotrehalose, maltose, lactose, lactulose, cellobiose, chitobiose, starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the matrix component may be trehalose. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the matrix component may be present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 6% by weight, more specifically, about 0.5% to about 4% by weight, and particularly about 1% to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. One or more of the above compounds may also be useful in solubilizing semi-permanent colorants. Improving the solubilization of semi-permanent colorants can improve their distribution and embedding within the matrix components, which can also result in less unevenness, especially after longer storage periods.

[0078] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may further contain one or more preservatives. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the one or more preservatives may be present in an amount of about 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. In some embodiments according to the first aspect, one or more preservatives include ascorbic acid, ascorbate, palmitate, citric acid, benzoate, benzoic acid, propionate, propionic acid, sorbate, sorbic acid, salicylic acid, salicylate, hexa-2,4-dienoic acid, hexa-2,4-dienoate, formaldehyde, formaldehyde-releasing agent, formic acid and its salts, 3-acetyl-6-methylpyran-2,4-(3H)-dione and its salts, 3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-hexamethylenedioxydibenzamidine and its salts, thiomersal, phenylmercury salt, undeca-10-enoic acid and its salts, 1,3-bis(2-ethyl) Xyl)Hexahydro-5-methyl-5-pyrimidine, 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, bronopol, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, chlorocresol, chloroxyllenol, 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol, N,N''-methylenebis[N'-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidine-4-yl]urea], polyaminopropyl biguanide, methenamine, quaternium-15, crimbazole, DMDM ​​hydantoin, benzyl alcohol, 1-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentyl)-2-pyridone, piroctone olamine, bromochlorophene, o-cymen-5-ol, chlorophene, chloroacetamine, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, phenoxyisopropanol, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, dimethyloxazolidine, behentrimonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide, cetrimonium chloride, lautrimonium bromide, lautrimonium chloride, steartrimonium bromide, steartrimonium chloride, diazolidinylurea, hexamidine, hexamidine diisethionate, hexamidineparaben, glutaryl, 7-ethylbicyclooxazolidine, chlorphenesin, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, The preservatives may be selected from the group consisting of silver chloride, benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, benzalkonium bromide, benzalkonium saccharate, benzyl hemiformal, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, biphenyl-2-ol and its salts, zinc pyrithonine, erythorbate, nitrite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), caprylic acid, dilaurylthiodipropiononeo, erythorbic acid, guaiac fat, methylparaben, sulfite, bisulfite, metabisulfite, propyl galatepy, propylparaben, tin chloride, sulfur dioxide, thiodipropionic acid, isothiazolin, parabens, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, glycol, and tocopherol. In some embodiments according to the first aspect, one or more preservatives may be phenoxyethanol and ethylhexylglycerin. A 90:10 mixture of phenoxyethanol and ethylhexylglycerin is available under the trade name EUXYL® PE9010 from Ashland Global Speciality Chemical Inc., USA.

[0079] Applicator In a second aspect, the disclosure relates to an applicator for applying a pattern comprising a semi-permanent colorant. The applicator comprises a carrier liner, an adhesive layer, and a pattern provided on and / or within the adhesive layer, the pattern comprising a semi-permanent colorant and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0080] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the applicator may include a peel liner, in particular a removable peel liner.

[0081] The content of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or a mixture thereof may be relatively low in the final applicator according to the second embodiment. The applicator may be subjected to heat treatment (discussed below), in which case a significant amount of one or more compounds may evaporate. One or more compounds may evaporate further during storage. Nevertheless, it has been found that the inclusion of one or more of these compounds in the temporary tattoo ink used to form the pattern (and the presence of even small amounts of one or more compounds remaining in the applicator) significantly reduces unevenness after peeling off the release liner, regardless of the post-printing drying process. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant may contain, in about 0.01% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures, based on the total weight of the pattern. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pattern containing the semi-permanent colorant may contain, in about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 3% by weight, and particularly about 0.1% to about 2% by weight, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures, based on the total weight of the pattern.

[0082] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the carrier liner has a first surface and a second surface, and the adhesive layer may be provided on at least about 50%, more specifically at least 70%, and particularly at least 90%, of the entire surface of at least the second surface. In particular, the adhesive layer may be provided on at least all of the second surface of the carrier liner. Covering a high proportion of the surface of the second surface of the carrier liner with the adhesive layer can improve the adhesion of the carrier to the skin when applied to the skin.

[0083] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pattern may be provided on and / or in less than 95%, more specifically less than 90%, and particularly less than 85%, of the entire surface of the adhesive layer facing away from the carrier liner. In other words, the adhesive layer may have a first surface and a second surface, the first surface of the adhesive may be in contact with the second surface of the carrier liner, and the pattern may be provided on the second surface of the adhesive. Thus, at least a portion of the adhesive layer is available for contact with the skin. Furthermore, the adhesive layer according to the second aspect may not include the pattern itself, instead the pattern is provided as a separate entity. An adhesive layer including a pattern may allow less semi-permanent colorant to diffuse into the skin compared to a pattern provided on top of the adhesive layer. However, the pattern may diffuse partially into the adhesive layer.

[0084] The applicator may rely solely on residual solvents in the pattern and sweat to transfer the semi-permanent colorant from the pattern to the skin. In particular, the applicator may not require water to transfer the pattern, or the semi-permanent colorant contained within the pattern, to the skin. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the carrier liner includes, is essentially, or consists of a water-resistant polymer or a waterproof polymer, particularly a waterproof polymer. Thus, in some embodiments of the second aspect, the carrier liner may be water-resistant or waterproof. The term “water-resistant carrier liner” in this disclosure means a carrier liner that, when in contact with a damp sponge cloth on a first surface, does not show a detectable increase in moisture on a second surface after at least 10 minutes of contact. The term “waterproof carrier liner” in this disclosure means a carrier liner that, when in contact with a damp sponge cloth on a first surface, does not show a detectable increase in moisture on a second surface after at least 1 hour of contact. The damp sponge cloth may be, for example, a sponge cloth containing 75% cellulose and 25% cotton, having a thickness of about 2 mm to about 10 mm when dry. The sponge cloth must be completely submerged in water for 5 minutes, and then allowed to drain excess water by, for example, attaching it to a peg and hanging it for 5 minutes. For example, the "Vileda Original Schwammtuch" from Vileda GmbH (Weinheim, Germany) may be used for the test. Moisture can be detected using a moisture meter, for example, an MM7 pin-type moisture meter available from General Tool Inc (Irvine, California). An increase in moisture can be considered a "detectable increase in moisture" if the moisture increases by at least 15%, more specifically at least 20%. The temperature of the damp sponge cloth must be at least ambient temperature to prevent water condensation on the second surface of the carrier liner.

[0085] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the adhesive layer may include rubber adhesives, silicone adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, hydrogel adhesives, hydrophilic colloidal adhesives, acrylic adhesives, and / or dry adhesives. In particular, in some embodiments of the second aspect, the adhesive layer includes, is essentially, or consists of a rubber adhesive. The rubber adhesive may be, for example, a styrene copolymer adhesive.

[0086] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the adhesive layer may include a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Pressure-sensitive adhesives may be advantageous because they do not require activation by, for example, water. The term “activation of the adhesive layer” refers to applying an external stimulus other than pressure to the adhesive layer in order for it to adhere to a surface, such as skin. The external stimulus may be one or more of heat, drying, shearing, UV light, or the addition of other substances. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the adhesive layer and / or pattern may be in direct contact with a release liner, more specifically with a film and / or a coating provided to or included on the film.

[0087] Furthermore, the adhesive may be configured not to transfer to the skin. For example, a transfer seal (decal) may comprise an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner and an additional water-absorbing layer. A water-soluble slip layer may be disposed between the water-absorbing layer, e.g., porous paper, and the carrier liner. The water-soluble slip layer may allow the adhesive layer and carrier to transfer from the water-absorbing layer to the skin during application. However, the combination of the carrier liner and the adhesive layer may leave a sticky residue on the skin. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the adhesive layer may be water-insoluble. The term “water-insoluble adhesive layer” in this disclosure may refer to an adhesive layer having a water solubility of less than 0.25 g / dL at 20°C, more specifically less than 0.1 g / dL, and particularly less than 0.05 g / dL. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the applicator may not include a water-soluble slip layer and / or a water-absorbing layer. Furthermore, in some embodiments of the second aspect, the carrier liner may be an outer layer of the applicator.

[0088] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the adhesive layer may have a thickness of about 5 μm to about 200 μm, more specifically about 20 μm to about 100 μm, and particularly about 30 μm to about 80 μm. The thickness may be measured from the carrier liner to the top of the adhesive layer, excluding the pattern. The thickness of the adhesive layer shall be measured in the portion where the pattern is not provided.

[0089] As already described above, the applicators of the present disclosure may be manufactured by inkjet printing. Applicators manufactured by inkjet printing may be more delicate than those manufactured by, for example, screen printing, because they are applied in the form of small droplets that dry and form spots, and therefore may be very susceptible to unevenness. In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the pattern may include a plurality of spots, which may have an average maximum diameter of about 10 μm to about 500 μm, more specifically about 50 μm to about 250 μm, and in particular about 75 μm to about 130 μm. The average maximum diameter of the spots may be determined using a microscope and averaged over 30 spots.

[0090] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may be provided on and / or attached to the pattern. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may be provided on and / or attached to the pattern and adhesive layer, particularly on the opposite side of the adhesive layer to which the carrier liner is attached. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may include a non-adhesive material. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may be provided with a pull tab for facilitating removal of the release liner. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may include a polymer, particularly polyethylene terephthalate, and / or paper, particularly kraft paper. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may include a film, particularly a polymer film. It has been found that release liners including a film may result in less unevenness after the release liner is peeled off. This is thought to be due to the lower surface roughness of the film compared to paper. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the average surface roughness of the film may be less than 3 μm, more specifically less than 1 μm, and particularly less than 500 nm, as measured according to ISO 21920-2:2021. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the average surface roughness of the film may be about 0.5 nm to about 500 nm, more specifically about 1 nm to about 300 nm, and particularly about 3 nm to about 100 nm, as measured according to ISO 21920-2:2021. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may comprise a polymer or paper including a coating. For example, the release liner may comprise a silicone coating, more specifically a fluorosilicone and / or non-halogenated silicone coating, particularly a polydimethylsiloxane coating. The silicone coating may be configured to reduce the adhesion between the release liner and the adhesive layer and / or pattern. Silicone coatings comprising essentially the same, including non-halogenated silicone, particularly polydimethylsiloxane, have been found to result in lower unevenness after peeling compared to fluorosilicone coatings. Furthermore, fluorosilicones pose environmental problems.Furthermore, it was found that the extraction rate of the silicone coating can affect unevenness, and more specifically, that higher extraction rates of the silicone coating can increase unevenness, especially after longer storage periods. Although not bound by theory, it is thought that the silicone extract may migrate from the silicone coating to the top of the pattern. The migrated silicone extract may reduce the genipin diffusion rate to the skin by forming a barrier. Therefore, in some embodiments of the second aspect, the silicone coating may exhibit an extraction rate of less than 10 μg / cm2 of silicone, more specifically less than 1 μg / cm2 of silicone, and especially less than 100 ng / cm2 of silicone. In some embodiments of the second aspect, the silicone coating may exhibit an extraction rate of less than 5% by weight of silicone, more specifically less than 3% by weight of silicone, and especially less than 2% by weight of silicone, relative to the total weight of the silicone coating. The extraction rate may be tested according to ISO 10993-18:2020. Alternatively or additionally, the extraction rate may be tested by immersing the stripping liner in a solvent selected from methyl isobutyl ketone, xylene, and toluene for 25 hours. The amount of silicone may then be measured using atomic absorption spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The total weight of the coating can be measured, for example, by X-ray fluorescence. The stripping liner may be supplied, for example, by Fox River Associates (Ponte Vedra, Florida, USA).

[0091] An exemplary exploded view of the applicator 100 according to a second embodiment is shown in Figure 1. The applicator 100 in Figure 1 comprises an adhesive layer 120 provided on a carrier liner 110. A pattern 130 is provided on the adhesive layer 120. A release liner 140 is provided on the pattern 130 and the adhesive layer 120 (shown at a distance for overview).

[0092] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the release liner may have a thickness of about 10 μm to about 400 μm, more specifically about 30 μm to about 250 μm, and particularly about 40 μm to about 180 μm. As outlined above, the applicators of the present disclosure may be manufactured by inkjet printing. For the inkjet printing process and the subsequent drying process, the carrier liner may be provided with a support layer attached to the carrier liner, which increases the rigidity of the carrier liner. The increased rigidity can improve the processability of the carrier liner, for example, by preventing wrinkles in the carrier liner. However, the support layer must then be removed from the applicator, because otherwise, the applicator may not conform properly to the user's skin due to the increased rigidity. However, the applicator may wrinkle when peeling, for example, by delamination. A film of increased thickness, laminated onto the applicator before delamination, may help prevent wrinkles in the applicator, for example, by increasing the rigidity of the applicator. Furthermore, the carrier liner with an adhesive layer may be supplied in the form of a wide sheet that is printed in one go and then cut into individual applicators. Thicker films may also help enable precise cutting without damaging the applicator. In addition, applicators may curl unintentionally due to water absorption after cutting. Curling can be reduced by using a thicker film. Finally, a release liner containing or consisting of a film with increased thickness provides sufficient mechanical stability to the applicator, which may allow the use of thinner and / or more flexible carrier liners. Thinner carrier liners may improve the fit of the carrier liner to the skin.

[0093] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the carrier liner may have a thickness of about 10 μm to about 300 μm, more specifically about 30 μm to about 150 μm, and in particular about 40 μm to about 100 μm.

[0094] The pattern of the applicator according to the second embodiment may contain all or some of the components of the temporary tattoo ink according to the second embodiment. As described above, the applicator according to the second embodiment may be subjected to heat treatment which may result in the evaporation of the volatile and / or semi-volatile components of the temporary tattoo ink. Furthermore, the volatile and / or semi-volatile components may evaporate during storage. In some embodiments of the second embodiment, the pattern may contain a semi-permanent colorant. In some embodiments of the second embodiment, the pattern may contain one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof (in trace amounts). In some embodiments of the second embodiment, the pattern may contain a matrix component, a surfactant, one or more additional colorants, particularly temporary colorants, a preservative, and / or one or more solvents (again, in potentially trace amounts). In some embodiments of the second aspect, a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant may contain one or more solvents in an amount of about 0.01% to about 90% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 85% by weight, and particularly about 0.1% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern. In some embodiments of the second aspect, a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant may contain one or more solvents in an amount of about 0.01% to about 9% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 5% by weight, and particularly about 0.1% to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern.

[0095] In some embodiments of the second aspect, a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant may contain a matrix component in an amount of about 1.5% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 5% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 10% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern. In some embodiments of the second aspect, a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant may contain a matrix component in an amount of about 5% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 10% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 15% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern. In some embodiments of the second aspect, a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant may contain a semi-permanent colorant in an amount of about 30% to about 90% by weight, more specifically about 40% to about 85% by weight, and particularly about 50% to about 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern.

[0096] In some embodiments according to the second aspect, the applicator may have a storage life of at least one month, more specifically at least three months, and in particular at least six months at ambient temperature. Applicators according to the present disclosure have been found to be particularly stable over long periods of time.

[0097] The process for obtaining the applicator In a third aspect, the disclosure relates to an applicator obtained by applying a temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner. The temporary tattoo ink comprises one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0098] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically, one or more polar solvents, the solvents in particular may be selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof.

[0099] In some embodiments according to a third aspect, the application of temporary tattoo ink may be carried out by printing, particularly inkjet printing. Inkjet printing is a precise, high-throughput method for manufacturing applicators. Furthermore, inkjet printing allows for easy switching between patterns, making it possible to offer users a variety of tattoo designs.

[0100] In some embodiments according to a third aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include heat treatment, particularly after the application of temporary tattoo ink onto the adhesive layer. Heat treatment can dry the ink and reduce the risk of the ink bleeding later. Furthermore, heat treatment can improve the adhesion between the pattern and the adhesive layer.

[0101] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of about 45°C to about 85°C, more specifically about 55°C to about 75°C, for a duration of about 20 minutes to about 120 minutes, and particularly about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes.

[0102] In some embodiments of the third aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include attaching a release liner to the adhesive layer, particularly after heat treatment, and particularly by lamination. The release liner according to the third aspect may be one that conforms to the definition above for the second aspect.

[0103] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain about 30% to about 90% by weight of one or more solvents, and / or about 1% to about 30% by weight of one or more compounds, and / or about 1% to about 20% by weight of one or more semi-permanent colorants.

[0104] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol.

[0105] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the temporary tattoo ink used to obtain the applicator may be the temporary tattoo ink of the first aspect.

[0106] In some embodiments according to the third aspect, the adhesive layer may include, be essentially, or consist of a rubber adhesive.

[0107] In a fourth aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing an applicator for applying patterns containing a semi-permanent colorant. The method comprises applying a temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, the temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

[0108] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents, more specifically, one or more polar solvents, the solvents being selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof.

[0109] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the application of temporary tattoo ink may be carried out by printing, particularly by inkjet printing.

[0110] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include a heat treatment, particularly after the application of temporary tattoo ink. In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the heat treatment may be carried out at a temperature of about 45°C to about 85°C, more specifically about 55°C to about 75°C, for a duration of about 20 minutes to about 120 minutes, particularly about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes.

[0111] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, obtaining the applicator may further include attaching a release liner to the adhesive layer, particularly after heat treatment, and particularly by lamination. The release liner according to the fourth aspect may be one that conforms to the definition above for the second aspect.

[0112] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the temporary tattoo ink may contain one or more solvents in about 30% to about 90% by weight, and / or one or more compounds in about 1% to about 30% by weight, and / or one or more semi-permanent colorants in about 1% to about 20% by weight.

[0113] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the temporary tattoo ink used in this method may be the temporary tattoo ink according to the first aspect.

[0114] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, one or more compounds may include pentylene glycol.

[0115] In some embodiments according to the fourth aspect, the adhesive layer may include, be essentially, or consist of a rubber adhesive.

[0116] In a fifth aspect, the disclosure relates to the use of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof in temporary tattoo inks to prevent or reduce the transfer of printed temporary tattoo ink onto a peel-off liner. [Examples]

[0117] Four different temporary tattoo inks were tested to evaluate the effect of different compounds on the resulting unevenness of the semi-permanent tattoo. The compositions are shown in Table 1 below.

[0118] [Table 1]

[0119] The viscosity of the inks was measured using a Brookfield Ametek DVE viscometer, model number DVEELVTJ0, with a UL adapter for viscosities less than 10 centipoise. The surface tension of the inks was measured using a Kruss Force tensiometer, according to ASTM D1331-20, using the du Nouy ring method. Temporary tattoo ink 1 had a viscosity of 4.54 cP and a surface tension of 27.96 dynes / cm. Temporary tattoo ink 2 had a viscosity of 4.06 cP and a surface tension of 28.58 dynes / cm. Temporary tattoo ink 3 had a viscosity of 3.38 cP and a surface tension of 26.59 dynes / cm. Temporary tattoo ink 4 had a viscosity of 4.72 cP and a surface tension of 28.73 dynes / cm.

[0120] Preparation of temporary tattoo ink For the temporary tattoo inks listed in Table 1, the solids (genipin and trehalose) were weighed. Genipin was then dissolved in ethanol in a mechanical mixer at 800 rpm until completely dissolved (5-20 minutes) to form the first solution. Trehalose was then dissolved in water in a mechanical mixer at 800 rpm until completely dissolved (5-20 minutes) to form the second solution. The first and second solutions were then mixed together. Subsequently, 1,2-hexanediol, Euxyl PE 9010, and Acid Blue 9 were added. Furthermore, pentylene glycol was added to composition 1, Transktol to composition 2, and propylene glycol to composition 4. The mixtures were then mixed again in a mechanical mixer at 800 rpm for 20 minutes. The resulting mixtures were placed on a vacuum filter with a pore size of 1.2 microns, filtered into a sterile polypropylene flask, and transferred to a sterile polypropylene jar.

[0121] Applicator preparation An applicator was formed by inkjet printing temporary tattoo ink onto a 2-mil rubber-based adhesive layer provided on a (2.9-mil) polyethylene carrier liner. The carrier liner was further supported by an 8-mil polypropylene backing. Temporary tattoo inks 1-3 were printed onto the adhesive layer in the form of a filled rectangle and multiple stripes adjacent to the rectangle. Temporary tattoo ink 4 was printed once in the form of a filled rectangle and multiple stripes adjacent to the rectangle, a tiger, a tree in a circle, and hands and feet in a heart, and twice in the form of a square.

[0122] The applicator was then placed on a plate and placed in a convection oven. The applicator was heat-treated at 65°C for 45 minutes. After that, the sheet was allowed to cool at room temperature for 2 minutes.

[0123] Subsequently, a release liner (3.8 mil supercalendered kraft paper coated with fluorosilicone) was laminated onto the adhesive layer. After lamination, the polypropylene backing layer was peeled off to obtain the final applicator sample.

[0124] Testing the unevenness of different temporary tattoo inks The unevenness of the pattern after peeling off the release liner was visually evaluated. For temporary tattoo ink compositions 1-3, the release liner was removed after at least 15 days of storage. For temporary tattoo ink composition 4, the release liner was removed after 1 day of storage and after 3 days. Applicators were stored at 21°C ± 2°C and 30% relative humidity ± 10% relative humidity. The release liner was peeled off the applicator by continuously pulling it upward. Subsequently, the unevenness of the pattern was analyzed by placing the carrier liner in front of a visible background light. Each composition was tested with three individual applicators. The resulting patterns were evaluated using Table 2 below.

[0125] [Table 2]

[0126] All samples prepared from temporary tattoo ink containing 14.96 wt% pentylene glycol were graded 1. All samples showed a low degree of unevenness, even after a relatively long storage period of at least four weeks. Some slight unevenness was observed in multiple stripes. Furthermore, the printed patterns were transparent overall, except for the uneven areas observed in multiple stripes.

[0127] Of the samples prepared from temporary tattoo ink containing 14.96 wt% Tranktor, two were graded 3 and one was graded 2. Two of the samples showed multiple opaque stains. Of the two samples, one showed multiple transparent stripes, while the second showed multiple uneven stripes. The third sample showed a first transparent area occupying about half of the filled rectangular area, and a second uneven, almost opaque area occupying almost the remaining half of the filled rectangular area. The multiple stripes in the third sample showed significant unevenness.

[0128] All three samples, produced from temporary tattoo ink without additional compounds, were graded 4. All samples showed little to moderate unevenness. However, with the exception of a few minor areas of multiple stripes, the printed patterns exhibited significant opacity, indicating that the resulting semi-permanent tattoo would have lower color intensity.

[0129] For the fourth temporary tattoo ink, the release liner was peeled off after 1 day from the filled rectangle and the multiple stripes adjacent to the rectangle, the tiger, and the first square. The filled rectangle and the multiple stripes adjacent to the rectangle, as well as the tiger, were graded 1, and the square was graded 2. The release liner was peeled off after 3 days from the tree in the circle, the limbs in the heart, and the second square. The limbs in the heart were graded 2, and the tree in the circle and the square were graded 3. These test results indicate that propylene glycol is not as suitable as pentylene glycol for preventing unevenness, as the results were already uneven after 3 days.

[0130] Correlation between applicator inconsistencies and semi-permanent tattoo inconsistencies. To evaluate the correlation between applicator unevenness and the resulting unevenness of the semi-permanent tattoo, several uneven and even applicators were tested. Photographs of the applicators were taken before application to identify areas of increased unevenness and opacity. The applicators were then applied to the skin for 1 hour. The semi-permanent colorant was then allowed to develop for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the skin was washed with water to remove any remaining Acid Blue 9 dye. The skin was then visually evaluated for unevenness. The results showed that graded uneven applicators exhibited unevenness, while even applicators exhibited low or no unevenness. Furthermore, comparison of the skin with photographs of the applicators taken before application revealed that brighter areas of the semi-permanent tattoo on the skin directly corresponded to areas of increased opacity on the applicators.

[0131] manner While the present invention is defined in the appended claims, it should be understood that the present invention may be further (alternatively) defined according to the following embodiments. 1. It is a temporary tattoo ink, One or more semi-permanent colorants, A temporary tattoo ink comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof. 2.1 or more compounds comprising pentylene glycol, as described in Embodiment 1. 3. The temporary tattoo ink according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the semi-permanent coloring agent comprises genipin or a genipin derivative, particularly purified genipin. 4. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the temporary tattoo ink comprises one or more solvents, more specifically polar solvents, and in particular the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, or mixtures thereof. 5. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the temporary tattoo ink comprises a surfactant, more specifically, the surfactant is a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol. 6. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the temporary tattoo ink comprises a matrix component, more specifically, the matrix component is a polyol, and more specifically, a disaccharide, particularly trehalose. 7. A temporary tattoo ink according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein a semi-permanent colorant is present in an amount of about 1% to about 20% by weight, more specifically about 3% to about 15% by weight, and in particular about 5% to about 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. 8. A temporary tattoo ink according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, wherein one or more compounds are present in an amount of about 1% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 5% to about 25% by weight, and in particular about 10% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. 9. A temporary tattoo ink according to any one of embodiments 4 to 8, wherein one or more solvents are present in an amount of about 30% to about 90% by weight, more specifically about 50% to about 85% by weight, and in particular about 65% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. 10. A temporary tattoo ink according to any one of Embodiments 4 to 9, wherein the solvent comprises water and ethanol, more specifically, the ratio of water to ethanol is about 1:1 to about 1:2, more specifically about 1:1.3 to about 1:1.8. 11. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of embodiments 6 to 10, wherein the matrix component is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 6% by weight, more specifically about 0.5% to about 4% by weight, and in particular about 1% to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink. 12. An applicator for applying a pattern containing a semi-permanent coloring agent, wherein the applicator is Carrier liner and adhesive layer, A pattern provided on and / or within the adhesive layer, An applicator comprising a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof. 13. The applicator according to Embodiment 12, wherein the carrier liner has a first surface and a second surface, and the adhesive layer is provided on at least about 50%, more specifically at least 70%, and particularly at least 90% of the entire surface of the second surface. 14. The applicator according to Embodiment 12 or 13, wherein the pattern is provided on and / or in less than 95%, more specifically less than 90%, and particularly less than 85% of the entire surface of the adhesive layer facing away from the carrier liner. 15. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 14, wherein the adhesive layer contains, is essentially made of, or consists of a rubber adhesive. 16. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 15, wherein the applicator comprises a peel liner. 17. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 16, wherein the pattern includes multiple spots, the multiple spots having an average maximum diameter of approximately 10 μm to approximately 500 μm, more specifically approximately 50 μm to approximately 250 μm, and in particular approximately 75 μm to approximately 130 μm. 18. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 17, wherein the carrier liner has a thickness of approximately 10 μm to approximately 300 μm, more specifically approximately 30 μm to approximately 150 μm, and in particular approximately 40 μm to approximately 100 μm. 19. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 18, wherein the carrier liner comprises, is essentially, or consists of a water-resistant polymer or a waterproof polymer, in particular a waterproof polymer. 20. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 19, wherein the carrier liner is water-resistant or waterproof. 21. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 12 to 20, wherein the adhesive layer comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive. 22. An applicator according to any one of Embodiments 12 to 21, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of approximately 5 μm to approximately 200 μm, more specifically approximately 20 μm to approximately 100 μm, and in particular approximately 30 μm to approximately 80 μm. 23. An applicator according to any one of Embodiments 12 to 22, wherein the pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant comprises one or more compounds in an amount of about 0.01% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 25% by weight, and in particular about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern. 24. An applicator according to any one of Embodiments 12 to 23, wherein the pattern comprises a matrix component, and in particular the matrix component comprises a polyol. 25. The applicator according to Embodiment 24, wherein the polyol has a molar mass of at least 100 g / mol, more specifically at least 200 g / mol, and particularly at least 300 g / mol. The matrix component may be solid at 0°C, more preferably solid at 20°C, even more specifically solid at 30°C, and particularly solid at 45°C. 26. An applicator according to any one of Embodiments 12 to 25, wherein the pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant contains one or more solvents in an amount of about 0.01% to about 90% by weight, more specifically about 0.05% to about 85% by weight, and in particular about 0.1% to about 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the pattern. 27. Applicator, This is obtained by applying temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, and the temporary tattoo ink is One or more semi-permanent colorants, An applicator comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof. 28. The applicator according to Embodiment 27, wherein the application of temporary tattoo ink is carried out by printing, particularly by inkjet printing. 29. The applicator according to Embodiment 27 or 28, wherein obtaining the applicator further comprises heat treatment, particularly after application of temporary tattoo ink to the adhesive layer. 30. The applicator according to Embodiment 29, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of approximately 45°C to approximately 85°C, particularly approximately 55°C to approximately 75°C, for a duration of approximately 20 minutes to approximately 120 minutes, particularly approximately 30 minutes to approximately 60 minutes. 31. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 27 to 30, further comprising obtaining an applicator, particularly after heat treatment, and particularly by lamination, attaching a release liner to an adhesive layer. 32. Temporary tattoo ink, One or more solvents in an amount of approximately 30% to approximately 90% by weight, and / or one or more compounds in an amount of approximately 1% to approximately 30% by weight, and / or An applicator according to any one of embodiments 27 to 31, comprising one or more semi-permanent colorants in an amount of approximately 1% to approximately 20% by weight. 33. An applicator according to any one of Embodiments 27 to 32, wherein one or more compounds include pentylene glycol. 34. An applicator according to any one of embodiments 27 to 33, wherein the adhesive layer contains, is essentially made of, or consists of a rubber adhesive. 35. A method for manufacturing an applicator for applying a pattern containing a semi-permanent coloring agent, wherein the method is The process involves applying temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, wherein the temporary tattoo ink is One or more semi-permanent colorants, A method comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof. 36. Use of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof in temporary tattoo inks to prevent or reduce the transfer of printed temporary tattoo ink onto the peel-off liner.

Claims

1. It is temporary tattoo ink. One or more semi-permanent colorants, One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof, Includes temporary tattoo ink.

2. The temporary tattoo ink according to claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds include pentylene glycol.

3. The temporary tattoo ink according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the semi-permanent coloring agent comprises genipin or a genipin derivative, particularly purified genipin.

4. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temporary tattoo ink comprises a matrix component, more specifically, the matrix component is a polyol, more specifically, an alcohol containing at least three hydroxyl groups, more specifically, a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or oligosaccharide, and even more specifically, a disaccharide, particularly trehalose.

5. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more compounds are present in an amount of about 1% to about 30% by weight, more specifically about 5% to about 25% by weight, and particularly about 10% to about 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the temporary tattoo ink.

6. The temporary tattoo ink according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temporary tattoo ink comprises a surfactant, more specifically, the surfactant is a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol.

7. An applicator for applying a pattern containing a semi-permanent coloring agent, wherein the applicator is Carrier liner and adhesive layer, A pattern provided on and / or within the adhesive layer, An applicator in which the pattern comprises a semi-permanent coloring agent and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

8. The applicator according to claim 7, wherein the carrier liner has a first surface and a second surface, and the adhesive layer is provided on at least about 50%, more specifically at least 70%, and particularly at least 90% of the entire surface of the second surface.

9. The applicator according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the pattern is provided on and / or in less than 95%, more specifically less than 90%, and particularly less than 85%, of the entire surface of the adhesive layer facing away from the carrier liner.

10. The applicator according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the applicator comprises a peeling liner.

11. The applicator according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the one or more compounds include pentylene glycol.

12. The applicator according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the pattern comprises a matrix component, and more specifically, the matrix component is a polyol, more specifically, an alcohol comprising at least three hydroxyl groups, more specifically, a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or oligosaccharide, and even more specifically, a disaccharide, particularly trehalose.

13. The applicator according to any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein the pattern comprises a surfactant, and more specifically, the surfactant is a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol.

14. An applicator, wherein the applicator is This is obtained by applying temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, and the temporary tattoo ink is One or more semi-permanent colorants, One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof, Applicators, including...

15. The applicator according to claim 14, wherein the application of the temporary tattoo ink is carried out by printing, particularly by inkjet printing.

16. The applicator according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the pattern includes a plurality of spots, the plurality of spots having an average maximum diameter of about 10 μm to about 500 μm, more specifically about 50 μm to about 250 μm, and in particular about 75 μm to about 130 μm.

17. The aforementioned temporary tattoo ink One or more volatile solvents in an amount of approximately 30% to approximately 90% by weight, and / or Approximately 1% to approximately 30% by weight of one or more of the above compounds, and / or Approximately 1% to 20% by weight of one or more of the above-mentioned semi-permanent colorants, An applicator according to any one of claims 14 to 16, including the following:

18. The applicator according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the one or more compounds include pentylene glycol.

19. The applicator according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the pattern comprises a matrix component, and more specifically, the matrix component is a polyol, more specifically, an alcohol comprising at least three hydroxyl groups, more specifically, a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or oligosaccharide, and even more specifically, a disaccharide, particularly trehalose.

20. The applicator according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the pattern comprises a surfactant, and more specifically, the surfactant is a diol, particularly 1,2-hexanediol.

21. A method for manufacturing an applicator for applying a pattern containing a semi-permanent colorant, wherein the method is The process includes applying temporary tattoo ink onto an adhesive layer provided on a carrier liner, wherein the temporary tattoo ink is One or more semi-permanent colorants, One or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, or mixtures thereof, Methods that include...

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the one or more compounds include pentylene glycol.

23. Use of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof in temporary tattoo inks to prevent or reduce the transfer of printed temporary tattoo ink onto the peel-off liner.

24. The use according to claim 23, wherein the one or more compounds include pentylene glycol.

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