Optical sensors and electronic devices including the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical sensor, the optical sensor including a light-emitting unit disposed on a substrate and including a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands, a first optical waveguide that transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in a first direction parallel to the substrate surface, and an optical focusing changing member that changes the angle of the light so as to emit the light transmitted from the first optical waveguide in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The optical focusing changing member is characterized by having a structure that focuses light transmitted from the first optical waveguide at different positions to a single point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical sensor and an electronic device including the same, and particularly to an optical sensor suitable for a miniaturized electronic device and an electronic device including the same.

Background Art

[0002] An electronic device provides various functions or services to a user based on information collected by sensors. For example, an electronic device can include an optical sensor including at least one light emitting element and a light receiving element. The optical sensor measures biometric information of an electronic device user using light in a specific wavelength band. Biometric information can include, for example, saturation of percutaneous oxygen (SpO2), heart rate (HR), photoplethysmograph (PPG), galvanic skin response (GSR), electrocardiography (ECG), and bioelectrical impedance.

[0003] The above-described information is provided only as background art (related art) for helping the understanding of the present invention. None of the above-described content is claimed or determined to be applied as prior art related to the present invention.

[0004] The optical sensor utilizes one or more wavelengths or light sources to measure biometric information of various components, and the wavelength band of light required by the biometric measurement information is different. Since a miniaturized electronic device uses a light source that emits only light in a specific wavelength band, a large number of light sources are required to measure various biometric information. However, as the number of light sources increases, differences in the position of the emitted light occur. This can cause differences in the path of light as the position of the light hitting the biological sample (e.g., skin) changes depending on the wavelength band. Furthermore, because the body has different tissue components, differences in the light path across different wavelength bands can make it difficult to obtain reliable data.

[0005] Therefore, optical sensors that require multiple wavelength bands or multiple light sources (for example, biosensors) require a structure that can concentrate the light emitted from the positions where each light source is located into a single beam. However, conventional light-gathering structures, such as prisms, echelle gratings, AWGs (arrayed waveguide gratings), or AMMIs (angled multi-mode interferometers), are unsuitable for miniaturized electronic devices due to their large volume, creating a need for new structures that are suitable for such devices. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the problems in conventional electronic devices including optical sensors, and the object of the present invention is to provide an optical sensor suitable for miniaturized electronic devices and an electronic device including the same.

[0007] However, the problems that this invention aims to solve are not limited to those mentioned above, and can be broadly expanded without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] An optical sensor according to one aspect of the present invention includes a light-emitting unit disposed on a substrate and including a light source that emits light of different wavelength bands; a first optical waveguide that transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in a first direction parallel to the surface of the substrate; and an optical focusing changing member that changes the angle of light so that the light transmitted from the first optical waveguide is radiated in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the optical focusing changing member has a structure that focuses light transmitted from different positions from the first optical waveguide to a single point.

[0009] An electronic device according to one aspect of the present invention is an electronic device including an optical sensor of the present invention, characterized in that it includes an optical sensor comprising: a light-emitting unit disposed on a substrate and including a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands; a first optical waveguide that transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in a first direction parallel to the surface of the substrate; and an optical focusing changing member that changes the angle of the light so that the light transmitted from the first optical waveguide is radiated in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the optical sensor and electronic device of the present invention, by applying a simple optical focusing modification member, which is applied to electronic devices, to the optical sensor instead of a focusing device having a complex structure and large volume (for example, an Echelle diffraction grating, AWG (arrayed waveguide gratings), or AMMI (angled multi-mode interferometer)), it is possible to simplify the process and reduce costs. Therefore, by simplifying the structure of optical sensors, it is possible to implement multiple light sources to measure various components of biological information, thereby contributing to the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0011] In addition, this document can provide various other effects that can be understood directly or indirectly. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1]This block diagram shows a schematic configuration of an electronic device in a network environment according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a biosensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3A] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3B] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4A] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4B] This is a perspective view illustrating the structure of a grating coupler according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4C] This is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a grating coupler according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7A] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7B] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8A] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8B] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9A] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9B] This figure shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9C] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10A] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10B] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10C] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11A] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11B] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11C] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] A diagram illustrating an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13A] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13B] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13C] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14A] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14B] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14C] A diagram illustrating an example of the lens structure included in an optical sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Next, specific examples of embodiments for implementing the optical sensor and electronic device including the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0014] However, the present invention may be embodied in various other forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the diagram, identical or similar components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. Furthermore, in drawings and related descriptions, explanations of well-known functions and configurations may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

[0015] The embodiments and terminology used herein should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutions of the embodiments, rather than limiting the technical features described herein to any particular embodiment. In relation to the description of the drawings, similar or related components shall be given the same reference numerals. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item can include one or more items unless otherwise specified in the context. In this specification, each of the following phrases may include any of the items listed together in the applicable phrase, or any possible combination thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" are used solely to distinguish a component from other corresponding components and do not limit these components in any other respect, such as importance or order. Where it is stated that one component (for example, the first) is "combined" or "connected" to another component (for example, the second), with or without such terms, it means that one component may be connected to the other component directly (for example, by wire), wirelessly, or via the third component. As used herein, “substantially orthogonal / perpendicular” means within an acceptable range of deviation from a particular value determined by a person skilled in the art, taking into account the errors and uncertainties associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (e.g., limits of the measuring system). For example, "substantially perpendicular" could mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±10° or 5° of a right angle.

[0016] The term "module," as used in embodiments herein, may include units embodied as hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit. A module may be a component that is assembled as a whole, or the smallest unit or part thereof of such component that performs one or more functions. For example, in one embodiment, the module may be implemented in the form of an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit).

[0017] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device 101 in a network environment 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, in the network environment 100, the electronic device 101 communicates with the electronic device 102 via the first network 198 (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or with at least one of the electronic devices 104 or the server 108 via the second network 199 (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network).

[0018] In one embodiment, electronic device 101 communicates with electronic device 104 via server 108. In one embodiment, the electronic device 101 includes a processor 120, memory 130, input module 150, acoustic output module 155, display module 160, audio module 170, sensor module 176, interface 177, connection terminal 178, haptic module 179, camera module 180, power management module 188, battery 189, communication module 190, subscriber identification module 196, or antenna module 197. In one embodiment, the electronic device 101 may omit at least one of these components (for example, the connection terminal 178) or may have one or more other components added. In one embodiment, some of these components (e.g., sensor module 176, camera module 180, or antenna module 197) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module 160).

[0019] The processor 120 controls at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of the electronic device 101 connected to the processor 120 by executing software (e.g., program 140) and performs various data processing or calculations. In one embodiment, as part of data processing or calculation, the processor 120 stores instructions or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module 176 or a communication module 190) in a volatile memory 132, processes the instructions or data stored in the volatile memory 132, and stores the resulting data in a non-volatile memory 134. In one embodiment, the processor 120 may include a main processor 121 (e.g., a central processing unit or application processor) or an auxiliary processor 123 (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor) that can operate independently of or together with it. For example, if the electronic device 101 includes a main processor 121 and an auxiliary processor 123, the auxiliary processor 123 may be configured to use less power than the main processor 121 or to specialize in a specified function. The auxiliary processor 123 may be implemented separately from or as part of the main processor 121.

[0020] The auxiliary processor 123 controls, for example, at least a portion of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device 101 (e.g., the display module 160, the sensor module 176, or the communication module 190) on behalf of the main processor 121 when the main processor 121 is inactive (e.g., in sleep mode), or together with the main processor 121 when the main processor 121 is active (e.g., in application execution mode). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor 123 (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be embodied as part of other functionally related components (e.g., a camera module 180 or a communication module 190). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor 123 (e.g., a neural network processing unit) includes a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. Artificial intelligence models are generated through machine learning. Such learning may be performed independently by the electronic device 101 on which artificial intelligence is performed, or it may be performed via another server (for example, server 108).

[0021] Learning algorithms may include, but are not limited to, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning. Artificial intelligence models may include multiple layers of artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks include, but are not limited to, deep neural networks (DNNs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs), deep belief networks (DBNs), bidirectional recurrent deep neural networks (BRDNNs), deep Q-networks, or any combination of two or more of these. Artificial intelligence models may include software structures in addition to, or instead of, hardware structures.

[0022] The memory 130 stores various data used by at least one component of the electronic device 101 (for example, the processor 120 or the sensor module 176). The data may include, for example, software (e.g., program 140) and input or output data for associated instructions. Memory 130 may include volatile memory 132 or non-volatile memory 134. The program 140 is stored as software in memory 130 and may include, for example, an operating system 142, middleware 144, or an application 146.

[0023] The input module 150 receives instructions or data used by the components of the electronic device 101 (e.g., the processor 120) from outside the electronic device 101 (e.g., a user). The input module 150 may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, keys (e.g., buttons), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen). The acoustic output module 155 outputs an acoustic signal to the outside of the electronic device 101. The audio output module 155 may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. Speakers are used for general purposes such as multimedia playback or recording and playback. A receiver is used to receive incoming phone calls. In one embodiment, the receiver may be implemented separately from or as part of the speaker.

[0024] The display module 160 provides information visually to an external party (e.g., a user) outside of the electronic device 101. The display module 160 includes, for example, a display, a hologram device, or a projector, and a control circuit for controlling said device. In one embodiment, the display module 160 may include a touch sensor configured to detect touches, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of the force generated by a touch. Audio module 170 converts sound into electrical signals, or vice versa, converts electrical signals into sound. In one embodiment, the audio module 170 acquires sound via the input module 150 or outputs sound via the sound output module 155 or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102) (e.g., speaker or headphones) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device 101.

[0025] The sensor module 176 senses the operating state of the electronic device 101 (e.g., power or temperature) or the external environmental state (e.g., user state), and generates an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the sensed state. In one embodiment, the sensor module 176 may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor. Interface 177 supports one or more designated protocols that can be used for the electronic device 101 to connect directly or wirelessly to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102). In one embodiment, interface 177 may include, for example, HDMI® (high definition multimedia interface), USB (universal serial bus) interface, SD card interface, or audio interface.

[0026] The connection terminal 178 includes a connector that allows the electronic device 101 to be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102). In one embodiment, the connection terminal 178 may include, for example, an HDMI® connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (for example, a headphone connector). The haptic module 179 converts electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that the user can perceive through touch or kinesthetic sense. In one embodiment, the haptic module 179 may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulator. The camera module 180 captures still images and videos. In one embodiment, the camera module 180 may include one or more lenses, an image sensor, an image signal processor, or a flash.

[0027] The power management module 188 manages the power supplied to the electronic device 101. In one embodiment, the power management module 188 may be embodied, for example, as at least part of a PMIC (power management integrated circuit). The battery 189 supplies power to at least one component of the electronic device 101. In one embodiment, the battery 189 may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0028] The communication module 190 assists in establishing a direct (e.g., wired) or wireless communication channel between the electronic device 101 and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102, electronic device 104, or server 108), and in performing communication over the established communication channel. The communication module 190 operates independently of the processor 120 (e.g., the application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. In one embodiment, the communication module 190 may include a wireless communication module 192 (for example, a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a GNSS (global navigation satellite system) communication module) or a wired communication module 194 (for example, a LAN (local area network) communication module, or a power line communication module).

[0029] The relevant communication module among these communication modules communicates with an external electronic device 104 via a first network 198 (for example, a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth®, WiFi (wireless fidelity) direct, or IrDA (infrared data association)) or a second network 199 (for example, a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (for example, a LAN or WAN)). These various communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or each may be embodied as a separate component (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module 192 verifies or authenticates the electronic device 101 within a communication network such as the first network 198 or the second network 199 using subscriber information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identifier (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module 196.

[0030] The wireless communication module 192 supports 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies, such as NR connectivity technology (new radio access technology), following 4G networks. NR connectivity technology supports high-speed transfer of large amounts of data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimization of terminal power consumption and connection of a large number of terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module 192 supports high-frequency bandwidths (e.g., mmWave bandwidths) to achieve high data transfer rates, for example.

[0031] The wireless communication module 192 supports various technologies for ensuring performance in the high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, or large-scale antennas. The wireless communication module 192 supports various requirements specified in the electronic device 101, external electronic devices (e.g., electronic device 104), or network system (e.g., second network 199). In one embodiment, the wireless communication module 192 supports a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for realizing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for realizing mMTC, or user-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for realizing URLLC.

[0032] The antenna module 197 transmits or receives signals or power to an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module 197 includes an antenna having a radiator made of a conductor or conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module 197 includes a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for the communication method used in the communication network, such as the first network 198 or the second network 199, is selected from among multiple antennas, for example, by the communication module 190. Signals or power are transmitted or received between the communication module 190 and an external electronic device via at least one selected antenna. In one embodiment, in addition to the radiator, other components (e.g., an RFIC (radio frequency integrated circuit)) may be formed as part of the antenna module 197. In one embodiment, the antenna module 197 forms an mmWave antenna module. In one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent to a first surface (e.g., the bottom surface) of the printed circuit board capable of supporting a specified high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on or adjacent to a second surface (e.g., the top or side surface) of the printed circuit board capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the specified high-frequency band.

[0033] At least some of the above components are connected to each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)) and exchange signals (e.g., instructions or data) with each other.

[0034] In one embodiment, commands or data are transmitted or received between the electronic device 101 and an external electronic device 104 via a server 108 connected to a second network 199. Each of the external electronic devices (reference numeral 102 or 104) may be the same type of device as electronic device 101 or a different type of device. In one embodiment, all or part of the operations performed by the electronic device 101 may be performed by one or more external electronic devices (reference numerals 102, 104, or 108). For example, if the electronic device 101 must perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device 101 may, instead of performing the function or service itself, or in addition to doing so, request one or more external electronic devices to perform at least a part of that function or service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request perform at least a portion of the requested function or service, or any additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the results of the performance to the electronic device 101.

[0035] The electronic device 101 provides the above results, either as is or after further processing, as at least part of the response to the request. To achieve this, technologies such as cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing can be used. The electronic device 101 provides, for example, an ultra-low latency service using distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In other embodiments, the external electronic device 104 may include an IoT (Internet of Things) device. Server 108 may be an intelligent server that uses machine learning and / or neural networks. In one embodiment, an external electronic device 104 or server 108 may be included within the second network 199. The electronic device 101 can be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technologies.

[0036] The electronic device 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be a device of various forms. The electronic device 101 may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a home appliance device. The electronic devices 101 according to the embodiments of this specification are not limited to these devices. The electronic device 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a biosensor or optical sensor capable of measuring various biological information. The biosensors or optical sensors disclosed herein may be applied not only to portable devices and wearable devices, but also to medical devices used in hospitals and testing laboratories, or to small medical devices or healthcare devices that can be owned by individuals.

[0037] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the schematic configuration of a biosensor included in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 2, the biosensor or optical sensor (for example, the sensor module 176 in Figure 1) 210 included in the electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) includes a light-emitting unit 211, a light-focusing changing member 213, and a light-receiving unit 217. The optical sensor 210 is electrically and / or operationally connected to the processor 120 in Figure 1.

[0038] In one embodiment, the operational coupling of the hardware of the electronic device 101 means that a direct or indirect connection between the hardware is established, either by wire or wireless, such that the second hardware is controlled by the first hardware among the hardware. In one embodiment, the light-emitting unit (or light-emitting array) 211 is designed to generate multi-color (or multi-wavelength) or broadband (or various wavelengths) optical signals for measuring multiple biological information. The light-emitting section 211 includes one or more light sources. The light source may include a laser diode (LD), a light-emitting diode (LED), and / or other light sources that generate light. For example, the light source may be designed as a VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) type that emits light in the vertical direction (e.g., the z-axis in Figures 3 to 7A), or an edge-emmiting laser coupled with a reflector, or an edge-emmiting laser chip mounted vertically, but is not limited to these.

[0039] For example, a light source may include multiple luminous sources / luminous elements (e.g., a first luminous element, a second luminous element, ... a nth luminous element) that emit light in different wavelength bands from each other. The light-emitting elements are light sources of the same type or / or different types. When using the same type of light source, the light-emitting elements are designed to emit light in different wavelength ranges. In one embodiment, the light-emitting unit (or light-emitting array) 211 includes a filter structure (or filter array) (not shown) that filters the light emitted from the light source to a specific wavelength band. The filter structure includes a filter that selectively transmits only the necessary light according to the biometric measurement information. For example, when measuring oxygen saturation, a filter is designed that allows only light in the wavelength range of approximately 640 nm and approximately 940 nm to pass through. However, this is merely an example, and the filter can be modified depending on the design of the biomedical measurement device to which it is applied.

[0040] In one embodiment, the light focusing modification member 213 plays the role of changing the angle of light emitted from the light-emitting unit 211 to a second direction (or perpendicular direction) (e.g., the z-axis) that is substantially orthogonal to a first direction (e.g., the substrate surface direction defined by the x-axis and y-axis), and / or focusing the light emitted in the second direction (e.g., the z-axis) to a single point. In one embodiment, the light focusing modification member 213 is designed to change light transmitted from a first direction onto the substrate surface to a second direction having a certain angle of emission.

[0041] In one embodiment, the light focusing modification member 213 includes, but is not limited to, a grating coupler. In one embodiment, the light focusing modification member 213 may be embodied in various structures designed to radiate the light emission angle in a second direction (or perpendicular direction) (e.g., the z-axis) using a grating coupler, lens, slit, or mirror (e.g., curved micro mirror, GRIN (graded refractive index) lens, DOL (diffractive optical lens), MLA (micro lens array), DOL (diffractive optical lens), and / or CGH (computer-generated hologram)), or formed in combination thereof. For example, if the light source emits light in a first direction from the substrate surface (e.g., the substrate surface direction defined by the x and y axes), the light focusing modification member 213 is in the form of a grating coupler and / or lens combination. However, if the light source emits light perpendicular to the substrate surface, i.e., in a second direction (e.g., the z axis), the light focusing modification member 213 is embodied in the form of a lens having a refractive index that focuses light.

[0042] In one embodiment, the light-receiving unit 217 includes a photodiode (PD) that senses light. The light receiving unit 217 converts the intensity of the received light into an electrical signal and outputs it to a processor (for example, the processor 120 in Figure 1). The light-receiving unit 217 selectively senses wavelengths. For example, when the light-emitting unit 211 emits light from a light source in the first wavelength band, the light-receiving unit 217 is designed to sense light in the first wavelength band and not sense light in other wavelength bands. For example, the wavelength selectivity of the light-receiving unit 217 is supported by an optical filter. The light-receiving unit 217 senses only light that has passed through the optical filter. Optical filters selectively allow light to pass through depending on its wavelength.

[0043] In one embodiment, the processor 120 controls the wavelength band of the light generated by the light-emitting unit 211 to change depending on the application of biometric measurement. This also changes the wavelength range that the light-receiving unit 217 receives. In one embodiment, the processor 120 acquires biological information based on light measured from the light receiving unit 217.

[0044] The optical sensor 210 of the electronic device 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a light-emitting unit 211 that is arranged on a substrate and includes a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands. In one embodiment, the optical sensor 210 includes a first optical waveguide that transmits light emitted from the light-emitting unit 211 in a first direction toward the substrate surface. In one embodiment, the optical sensor 210 includes an optical focusing changing member 213 that changes the angle of light transmitted from the first optical waveguide so that it is emitted in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. In one embodiment, the optical focusing changing member 213 of the optical sensor 210 is characterized by having a structure that focuses light transmitted from the first optical waveguide to different positions to a single point. In the following description, the optical focusing modification member 213 is assumed to be an optical sensor implemented by a grating coupler, but this is merely an example, and the optical focusing modification member 213 may be replaced with other structures. Figures 3A and 3B illustrate the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Referring to Figures 3A and 3B, a biosensor or optical sensor (e.g., the optical sensor in Figure 2) 210 included in an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a light-emitting unit 320 (e.g., the light-emitting unit 211 in Figure 2), a filter (or filter array) 330, an optical waveguide 340, a grating coupler 350 (e.g., the optical focusing modification member 213 in Figure 2), and a light-receiving unit 370 (e.g., the light-receiving unit 217 in Figure 2), all arranged on a substrate 310. In Figures 3A and 3B, the symbols are <301> and <303> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <302> and <304> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. In this specification, a "plan view" is a view of the optical sensor 210 from the thickness direction (second direction, e.g., the z-axis), and a "side view" is a view from the y-direction. The axial direction is substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction. The optical sensor 210 shown in Figures 3A and 3B has a structure in which eight filters 330 and eight grating couplers 350 are arranged, but this is merely an example.

[0046] In one embodiment, the substrate 310 includes, but is not limited to, a planar silicon substrate. The substrate 310 may include a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate or a PIC (photonic integrated circuit) substrate. The light-emitting unit 320, filter 330, optical waveguide 340, grating coupler 350, and light-receiving unit 370 are arranged on the substrate 310 at predetermined distances from each other.

[0047] The light-emitting section (or light-emitting array) 320 is designed to emit light in different wavelength bands. The light-emitting section 211 includes one or more light sources. The light source may include a laser diode (LD), a light-emitting diode (LED), and / or other light sources that generate light. In one embodiment, when the light source is embodied by a laser diode (LD), a filter 330 is included, but when the light source is embodied by a light-emitting diode (LED), the filter 330 may be omitted.

[0048] The filter (or filter array) 330 selectively filters the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 320. Filter 330 is designed to selectively transmit only the light necessary for various biometric measurements, according to the biometric information being measured. For example, in the case of oxygen saturation measurement, a filter is designed that allows only light in the approximately 640nm wavelength range and the approximately 940nm wavelength range to pass through, and in the case of heart rate measurement, a filter is designed that allows only light in the approximately 520nm wavelength range to pass through. The filter 330 can be designed in various ways based on biometric information supported by the electronic device 101 (e.g., blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), photoplethysmograph (PPG), galvanic skin response (GSR), electrocardiography (ECG), and bioelectrical impedance, blood glucose level, hemoglobin concentration, triglycerides, body composition, and alcohol index).

[0049] Optical waveguide 340 refers to an optical channel that transmits light. The optical waveguide 340 transmits light emitted from the light-emitting unit 320 or light that has passed through the filter 330 to the grating coupler 350 in a first direction on the substrate surface (for example, the substrate surface direction defined by the x-axis and y-axis). The optical waveguide 340 extends along one direction parallel to the upper surface of the grating coupler 350.

[0050] The grating coupler 350 radiates light transmitted from the optical waveguide 340, changing the angle of the light in a second direction (e.g., the z-axis) that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction on the surface of the substrate 310. Grating coupler 350 is code <302> and <304> As shown, the design is such that the path of light L is changed to a fixed radiation angle from the surface of the substrate 310. The radial angle of the grating coupler 350 is modified by design. The light L emitted in the second direction via the grating coupler 350 reaches the light-irradiated area 360, which is a certain distance away from the substrate 310. The light irradiation area 360 corresponds to, for example, an area that can come into contact with a biological sample (e.g., a part of the user's body).

[0051] The optical sensor 210 has a light-receiving unit 370 positioned to receive light reflected from a biological sample (for example, a part of the user's body). The light receiving unit 370 converts the intensity of the received light into an electrical signal and outputs it to a processor (for example, the processor 120 in Figure 1). Although not shown in the figures, in one embodiment, the optical sensor 210 in Figures 3A and 3B may be placed in the electronic device 101 together with one of the lens structures shown in Figures 13A to 13C.

[0052] Figure 4A is a diagram illustrating the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 4B and 4C are diagrams illustrating the structure of a grating coupler according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4B is a perspective view of the grating coupler 450, and Figure 4C is a cross-sectional view of the grating coupler 450.

[0053] Referring to Figure 4A, a biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) includes a light-emitting unit 420 (for example, the light-emitting unit 211 in Figure 2) disposed on a substrate 310, a filter (or filter array) 430 that selectively filters the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 420, an optical waveguide 440 that transmits the light that has passed through the filter 430, and a grating coupler 450 (for example, the optical focusing changing member 213 in Figure 2) that changes the angle of the light transmitted from the optical waveguide 440 in the z-axis direction (for example, the thickness direction) of the substrate 410. Although not shown in the diagram, a light-receiving unit (not shown) is placed on the substrate 410. sign <401> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <402> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210.

[0054] In the example shown in Figure 4A, the grating coupler 450 radiates light L transmitted from the optical waveguide 440 in a first direction (for example, the substrate representation direction defined by the x and y axes) in a second direction having a radiation angle of a certain angle with respect to the first direction, and is designed so that these lights converge to a single point P. The grating couplers 350 shown in Figure 3A are arranged parallel to each other on the substrate 310, and it can be confirmed that the light emitted from each grating coupler 350 is emitted in a parallel manner. On the other hand, the grating couplers 450 shown in Figure 4A are arranged on the substrate in a staggered configuration at a certain angle to each other, so that the emitted light is focused to a single point P. Hereinafter, the light-emitting unit 420, filter 430, optical waveguide 440, and light-receiving unit (not shown) are substantially the same as those in Figure 3, and their specific explanation will be omitted.

[0055] In one embodiment, the grating coupler 450 is designed in various structures for focusing light from different light sources or from different wavelength bands to a single point. For example, the grating coupler 450 is designed as shown in Figure 4B. Symbols in Figure 4B <403> As shown, the first grating coupler 451 is designed to have a constant radial angle in the y-axis direction, the second grating coupler 452 is designed to have a constant radial angle in the x-axis direction, the third grating coupler 453 is designed to have a constant radial angle in the -y-axis direction, and the fourth grating coupler 454 is designed to have a constant radial angle in the -x-axis direction. Light emitted from four directions converges to a single point (for example, the center point).

[0056] In one embodiment, the grating coupler 450 is designed to have different grating pattern periods depending on the direction of light propagation. For example, the grating pattern of the grating coupler 450 is formed by a first grating coupler 451 (e.g., a silicon layer) placed on the substrate 410, as shown in Figure 4C. The upper end of the first grating coupler 451 has a grating pattern formed thereon, which includes a protrusion 450a and a trench 450b (or a pattern in which the trench and protrusion are repeated at a constant interval). The first grating coupler 451 is connected to the optical waveguide 440. The light transmitted from the optical waveguide 440 has its emission angle altered by reflection, scattering, and diffraction through the trench.

[0057] The period of the grating pattern is determined by Equation 1 shown below.

number

[0058] The grating coupler 450 can be designed to have different periods a for each wavelength band of light. For example, in the optical sensor 210 shown in Figure 4A, the four filters 430 and four grating couplers 450 arranged in the first region are designed to have different wavelength bands and different periods a as shown in Table 1 below, and the four filters 430 and four grating couplers 450 arranged in the second region are designed to have different wavelength bands and different periods a as shown in Table 2 below, but this is merely an example.

[0059] [Table 1] [Table 2]

[0060] Symbols in Figure 4C <404> The grating pattern shown in Figure 7A and Figure 8A illustrates a structure that emits light in the Z-axis direction for only one wavelength. However, the grating coupler 450 may be designed to have different grating patterns depending on the direction of light propagation, thereby changing the light emission angle for two or more wavelengths.

[0061] Figure 5 shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 5, the biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) can be designed in various configurations to minimize the placement area. In Figure 5, the symbols <501> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <502> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210.

[0062] As an example, the optical sensor 210 includes a light-emitting unit 520 (for example, the light-emitting unit 211 in Figure 2) arranged on a substrate 510, a filter (or filter array) 530 that selectively filters the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 520, and an optical waveguide 540 that transmits the light that has passed through the filter 530. The optical waveguide 540 has a structure in which one end of a first grating coupler 550 (for example, the optical focusing changing member 213 in Figure 2) and the front end of a second grating coupler 555 (for example, the optical focusing changing member 213 in Figure 2) intersect side by side. The first grating coupler 550 is located between the two second grating couplers 555 when viewed from the first direction. In this case, the optical sensor 210 may further include a lens structure (for example, the lens structure shown in Figures 13A to 13C) for focusing light emitted from the first grating coupler 550 and the second grating coupler 555 at different positions to a single point.

[0063] In the example shown in Figure 5, the first grating coupler 550 and the second grating coupler 555 are arranged on the substrate 510 in a substantially parallel manner to each other. However, while maintaining the arrangement configuration of Figure 5, they may also be arranged in a manner offset by a certain angle from each other, as shown in Figure 4A, so that the light emitted from the first grating coupler 550 and the second grating coupler 555 converges to a single point.

[0064] Figure 6 shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1), the biosensor or optical sensor 210 is arranged such that the optical sensor configuration corresponds to the length of the substrate.

[0065] sign <601> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <602> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. For example, the optical sensors 210 are arranged in a series array rather than the parallel array shown in Figures 3A / 4A / 5. The optical sensor 210 has a first light-emitting unit 620, a first filter 630, a first optical waveguide 640, and a first grating coupler 650 arranged in a first region of the substrate 610, and a second light-emitting unit 625, a second filter 635, a second optical waveguide 645, and a second grating coupler 655 arranged in a second region of the substrate 610. Although not shown in the diagram, a light-receiving unit (not shown) is positioned corresponding to the point where the light emitted from the first grating coupler 650 and the second grating coupler 655 converges.

[0066] Figures 7A and 7B show examples of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 7A and 7B, a biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) changes the radiation angle of light incident from one or more paths, or polarizes the incident light in different directions depending on the path, by designing the grating coupler 750 into a lattice structure.

[0067] sign <701> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <702> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. The optical sensor 210 has a light-emitting section 720, a filter 730, an optical waveguide 740, and a grating coupler 750 arranged on a substrate 710. However, by designing the grating coupler 750 in a grid shape as shown in Figure 7B, the number of grating couplers 750 can be reduced. As shown in Figure 7B, the light 751 incident from the first path has a first diffraction direction 753, and the light 752 incident from the second path has a second diffraction direction 754. Therefore, the light-receiving unit that receives polarized light can distinguish between the lights (e.g., reference numerals 751 and 725), making it possible to change the light emission angle for two different lights using a single grating coupler 750.

[0068] Figures 8A and 8B show examples of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 8A and 8B, the biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) is designed such that the grating coupler 750 has rod-shaped structures arranged at regular intervals.

[0069] sign <801> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <802> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. The optical sensor 210 has a light-emitting section 820, a filter 830, an optical waveguide 840, and a rod-shaped grating coupler 850 arranged on a substrate 810. The rod-shaped grating coupler 850 scatters the light 851 emitted from the light-emitting part or waveguide and radiates it in the z-axis direction 852 on the surface of the substrate 810. In the examples in Figures 7A and 8A, it can be seen that the number of grating couplers (750, 850) has been reduced from 8 to 4 compared to Figures 3A / 4A / 5, which allows for miniaturization of the optical sensor 210.

[0070] Figures 9A to 9C show examples of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 9A to 9C, a biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) includes a blocking barrier (for example, reference numerals 970, 973, 975) to prevent interference between emitted light and received light.

[0071] The blocking barriers (for example, symbols 970, 973, and 975) block the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 920 from leaking into the light-receiving unit 960, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the light. The blocking barriers (e.g., reference numerals 970, 973, and 975) are formed from a light-blocking material that does not allow light to pass through. sign <901> , <903> , <905> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <902> , <904> , <906> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210.

[0072] As an example, the optical sensor 210 has a light-emitting section 920, a filter 930, an optical waveguide 940, a grating coupler 950, and a light-receiving section 960 arranged on a substrate 910. In one embodiment, the blocking barriers (e.g., reference numerals 970, 973, 975) can be arranged in various configurations. For example, as shown in Figure 9A, the blocking barrier 970 is implemented in the shape of a bar between the grating coupler 950 and the light receiving unit 960. As shown in Figure 9B, the blocking barrier 973 is embodied in the form of an edge covering the outer regions of the light-emitting section 920, filter 930, optical waveguide 940, and grating coupler 950, or as shown in Figure 9C, the blocking barrier 975 is embodied in the form of an edge covering the outer region of the light-receiving section 960.

[0073] Figures 10A to 10C illustrate an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 10A to 10C, the substrate 1010 of the biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) can be embodied in various shapes. sign <1001> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <1002> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210.

[0074] As an example, the optical sensor 210 has a series arrangement structure as shown in Figure 6, with a first light-emitting unit 1020, a first filter 1030, a first optical waveguide 1040, and a first grating coupler 1050 arranged in a first region of the substrate 1010, and a second light-emitting unit 1025, a second filter 1035, a second optical waveguide 1045, and a second grating coupler 1055 arranged in a second region of the substrate 1010. A light-receiving unit 1060 is positioned corresponding to the point where the light emitted from the first grating coupler 1050 and the second grating coupler 1055 converges, and a border-shaped shielding barrier 1070 is positioned around the outer casing of the light-receiving unit 1060. For example, substrate 1010 is the reference numeral in Figure 10A. <1001> As shown, a rectangular substrate 1010, the reference numerals in Figure 10B. <1003> Substrate 1013 in the form shown, reference numerals in Figure 10C. <1004> It is embodied as a substrate 1015 in the form shown, but various other shapes of substrates can also be applied.

[0075] Figures 11A to 11C illustrate the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 11A to 11C, the biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in the electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) includes a monitoring unit 1180 that monitors the light emitted or output from the grating coupler 1150.

[0076] sign <1101> , <1103> , <1105> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <1102> , <1104> , <1106> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. As an example, the optical sensor 210 has a light-emitting section 1120, a filter 1130, an optical waveguide 1140, a grating coupler 1150, and a light-receiving section 1160 arranged on the substrate 1110. The blocking barrier 1170 is arranged in a border-like shape that surrounds the outer casing of the light-receiving unit 1160. Light emitted in the z-axis direction by the grating coupler 1150 reaches the light-irradiated area 1115 (or the sample to be measured, skin) located at a certain distance from the surface of the substrate 1110.

[0077] In the case of the grating coupler 1150, the light transmitted from the surface of the substrate 1110 may, after the angle of light is changed to a second direction, leave some residual light on the surface of the substrate 1110 while irradiating the biometric object (e.g., the user's body). In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 11A, the monitoring unit 1180 arranges a sub-waveguide 1191 and a sub-grating coupler 1190 connected to the output terminal of the grating coupler 1150 in order to monitor the residual light of the grating coupler 1150. Sub-grating couplers 1190 and sub-waveguides 1191 are positioned for each grating coupler 1150 and monitor the intensity and wavelength of all light emitted from each grating coupler 1150.

[0078] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 11B, the monitoring unit 1180 is embodied as a mirror with a tapered tip 1195 of the sub-waveguide 1191 (for example, a shape in which the tip gradually narrows) or a mirror with a specific angle in order to monitor the residual light of the grating coupler 1150. The tapered shape of the tip 1195 of the sub-waveguide 1191 allows residual light from the grating coupler 1150 to spread out and enter the monitoring unit 1180. In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 11C, the monitoring unit 1185 has a tapered shape at the tip 1197 of the sub-waveguide 1191, and is implemented as an edge-illuminated system in which the tip 1197 of the sub-waveguide 1191 and the monitoring unit 1185 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0079] Figure 12 shows an example of the structure of an optical sensor included in an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 12, the biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in the electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) has the series arrangement structure shown in Figure 6, with a first light-emitting unit 1220, a first filter 1230, a first optical waveguide 1240, and a first grating coupler 1250 arranged in a first region of the substrate 1210, and a second light-emitting unit 1225, a second filter 1235, a second optical waveguide 1245, and a second grating coupler 1255 arranged in a second region of the substrate 1210.

[0080] In Figure 12, the symbols <1201> This is a plan view of the light sensor 210, and the symbols are... <1202> This is a side view of the light sensor 210. In this case, the monitoring unit 1280 is positioned between the first grating coupler 1250 in the first region and the second grating coupler 1255 in the second region. Light emitted in the z-axis direction from the first grating coupler 1250 and the second grating coupler 1255 reaches the light-irradiated area 1215 (or the measurement sample, skin) located at a certain distance from the surface of the substrate 1210. The monitoring unit 1280 monitors all the light (e.g., residual light) emitted from the first grating coupler 1250 and the second grating coupler 1255 using a sub-grating coupler 1290 connected to each grating coupler 1250. The optical sensor 210 has a light-receiving section 1260 and a border-shaped shielding barrier 1270 surrounding the outer casing of the light-receiving section, which are positioned to correspond to the positions where the light emitted from the first grating coupler 1250 and the second grating coupler 1255 converges. Here, the symbol 1215 represents the object of biological measurement (for example, the user's body).

[0081] Figures 13A to 13C illustrate examples of lens structures included in an optical sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figures 13A to 13C show that a biosensor or optical sensor 210 included in an electronic device (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a lens structure 1310 for focusing light emitted from grating couplers at various positions to a single point. In Figures 13A to 13C, the light-emitting section, filter, optical waveguide, and grating coupler of the optical sensor 210 are omitted.

[0082] The lens structure 1310 is arranged as a separate component from the optical sensor 210. The lens structure 1310 has multiple curvatures and is designed to allow not only light collection but also output monitoring by the lens. As an example, the symbols in Figure 13A <1301> As shown, the lens structure 1310 includes a first region having a first curvature 1310a in the center and a second region having a second curvature 1310b on the outer edge. Light emitted through the second region having a second curvature 1310b is focused onto the biological measurement sample (e.g., the user's body 1315), and at least a portion of the light L reflected or scattered from the light-irradiated region 1315 (e.g., the measurement sample, skin) through the first region having a first curvature 1310a is focused onto the light-receiving unit 1320. In this case, the lens structure 1310 has a barrier wall 1333 positioned between the first region and the second region that blocks the emitted light and the received light from each other.

[0083] The lens structure 1310 is designed to scatter a portion of the light emitted from the grating coupler or light-emitting part in the direction of the light irradiation area 1315 (e.g., a sample to be measured, skin) using a DOE (diffractive optical element) 1335, and the scattered light L1 is reflected downward from the upper reflective surface 1330 and monitored by the monitoring unit 1350. In one embodiment, the lens structure 1310 is the reference numeral in Figure 13B. <1302> Structural reference or symbol in Figure 13C <1303> As shown in the structure, it is designed to have a reflective surface 1330 without a DOE (diffractive optical element) 1335, but this is merely an example, and other structures can also be designed.

[0084] Figures 14A to 14C illustrate examples of lens structures included in an optical sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 14A to 14C, in one embodiment of the present invention, a biosensor or optical sensor (e.g., optical sensor 210 in Figure 2) 1400 included in an electronic device (e.g., electronic device 101 in Figure 1) is composed of a combination of a light-emitting part 1431 (e.g., light-emitting part 211 in Figure 2) and a lens structure (1440, 1450) of a light source (1410, 1415) (e.g., vertical cavity surface emitting laser: VCSEL) that emits light in a vertical direction.

[0085] In the examples shown in Figures 14A to 14C, the grating coupler is omitted. sign <1401> , <1403> This is a plan view of the optical sensor 210, and the symbols are... <1402> , <1404> This is a side view of the optical sensor 210. For example, the light-emitting section, which includes multiple VCSEL light sources (1410, 1415), may be arranged in a manner that surrounds one light-receiving section 1420, as shown in Figure 14A, or multiple light-receiving sections (1420, 1425) may be arranged as shown in Figure 14B. Depending on the circumstances, a barrier (not shown) may be placed between the light source (1410, 1415) and the light receiving unit (1420, 1425). Light 1431 emitted vertically at various positions is reflected by the light-irradiated area 1430 (e.g., the sample being measured, skin), and the reflected light 1432 is focused by the light-receiving units (1420, 1425). Here, reference numeral 1430 indicates the object of biological measurement (for example, the user's body), and reference numeral 1432 indicates the light rays reflected from the object of biological measurement 1430.

[0086] As shown in Figure 14C, the optical sensor 1400 is configured by combining it with a lens structure that collects light radiated vertically at various positions through a first lens 1430 and focuses it to a single point through a second lens 1440. For example, the first lens 1430 includes a microlens array, and the second lens 1440 includes the lens structure shown in Figures 13A to 13C, but this is merely illustrative, and other lens configurations can also be applied.

[0087] The optical sensor 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands, and is placed on a substrate (for example, substrate 310 in Figures 3A and 3B, substrate 410 in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, substrate 510 in Figure 5, substrate 610 in Figure 6, substrate 710 in Figure 7A, substrate 810 in Figure 8A, substrate 910 in Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C, substrate 1010 in Figures 10A, 10B, and 10C, substrate 1110 in Figures 11A, 11B, and 11C, and substrate 1210 in Figure 12). It may include parts (for example, the light-emitting part 211 in Figure 2, the light-emitting parts 320 in Figures 3A and 3B, the light-emitting part 420 in Figure 4A, the light-emitting part 520 in Figure 5, the light-emitting parts (620, 625) in Figure 6, the light-emitting part 720 in Figure 7A, the light-emitting part 820 in Figure 8A, the light-emitting part 920 in Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C, the light-emitting parts (1020, 1025) in Figures 10A, 10B, and 10C, the light-emitting part 1120 in Figures 11A, 11B, and 11C, the light-emitting parts (1220, 1225) in Figure 12, and the light source (1410, 1415) in Figure 14A).

[0088] An optical sensor 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a first optical waveguide that transmits light emitted from the light-emitting part in a first direction parallel to the substrate surface (for example, optical waveguide 340 in Figures 3A and 3B, optical waveguide 440 in Figure 4A, optical waveguide 540 in Figure 5, optical waveguides (640, 645) in Figure 6, optical waveguide 740 in Figure 7A, optical waveguide 840 in Figure 8A, optical waveguide 940 in Figures 9A, 9B, and 9C, optical waveguides (1040, 1045) in Figures 10A, 10B, and 10C, optical waveguide 1140 in Figures 11A, 11B, and 11C, optical waveguides (1240, 1245) in Figure 12, and light source (1410, 1415) in Figure 14A).

[0089] An optical sensor 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an optical focusing changing member that changes the angle of light so that light transmitted from a first optical waveguide is emitted in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction (for example, the optical focusing changing member 213 in Figure 2, the grating coupler 350 in Figure 3A, the grating coupler 450 in Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C, the grating coupler 550 in Figure 5, the first grating coupler 650 and the second grating coupler 655 in Figure 6, Figure 7A, and This may include the grating coupler 750 in Figure 7B, the grating coupler 850 in Figures 8A and 8B, the grating coupler 950 in Figures 9A to 9C, the first grating coupler 1050 and the second grating coupler 1055 in Figures 10A, 10B, and 10C, the grating coupler 1150 in Figures 11A, 11B, and 11C, and the first grating coupler (1250, 1255) and the second grating coupler 1255) in Figure 12.

[0090] The optical focusing changing member 213 of the optical sensor 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by having a structure that focuses light transmitted from the first optical waveguide at different positions to a single point. The light source according to embodiments of the present invention may include a laser diode or a light-emitting diode. The light-emitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include filters that filter out only light in a specific wavelength band when the light source is a laser diode (filter 320 in Figures 3A and 3B, filter 430 in Figure 4A, filter 530 in Figure 5, filters (630, 635) in Figure 6, filter 730 in Figure 7A, filter 830 in Figure 8A, filter 930 in Figures 9A, 9B and 9C, filters (1030, 1035) in Figures 10A, 10B and 10C, filter 1130 in Figures 11A, 11B and 11C, and filters (1230, 1235) in Figure 12).

[0091] The optical focusing modification member according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of grating couplers. An embodiment of the present invention may be characterized by a structure designed to emit light in a second direction at a constant angle of radiation using at least one of a grating coupler, a lens, a slit, or a mirror. Multiple grating couplers according to embodiments of the present invention may be characterized by being arranged in a grid structure that changes the radiation angles of a first light transmitted through a first path and a second light transmitted through a second path. Multiple grating couplers according to embodiments of the present invention may be characterized by including a rod-shaped structure. A plurality of grating couplers according to an embodiment of the present invention may be characterized in that they are arranged in a parallel matrix, spaced apart at a certain distance, but the longitudinal front end of any one grating coupler intersects with the longitudinal rear end of another grating coupler.

[0092] The substrate according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate or a PIC (photonic integrated circuit) substrate. The present invention may further include a lens structure (for example, the lens structure 1310 in Figures 13A to 13C) designed to focus light emitted in a second direction at a constant angle of radiation through a plurality of grating couplers according to an embodiment of the present invention to a single point. An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention (for example, the electronic device 101 in Figure 1) may include an optical sensor 210.

[0093] In one embodiment of this specification, it may be embodied as software (e.g., program 140) that includes one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory 136 or external memory 138) readable by a machine (e.g., electronic device 101). For example, the processor (e.g., processor 120) of a device (e.g., electronic device 101) calls at least one instruction from one or more instructions stored in a storage medium and executes it. This allows the device to be operated to perform at least one function in accordance with at least one called instruction. One or more of the above instructions include code generated by a compiler or code that can be executed by an interpreter. A device-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, "non-temporary" simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves). This term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily.

[0094] In one embodiment, the method according to one embodiment disclosed herein may be provided in a computer program product. Computer program products can be traded as goods between sellers and buyers. Computer program products may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) via an application store (e.g., the Play Store®) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of a computer program product may be temporarily stored or generated on a storage medium readable by equipment such as the memory of the manufacturer's server, the application store's server, or an intermediary server.

[0095] In one embodiment, each of the components described above (for example, a module or a program) may include one or more individuals, and some of the individuals may be separated and arranged in other components. In one embodiment, one or more of the aforementioned components or operations may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or as an addition, multiple components (e.g., modules or programs) can be integrated into a single component. In such cases, the integrated component can perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as they were performed by the component among the multiple components before the integration. In one embodiment, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be performed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be performed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0096] 100 Network Environment 101, 102, 104, 301 Electronic equipment 108 servers 120 processors 121 Main Processor 123 Auxiliary processors 130 memory 132 Volatile memory 134 Non-volatile memory 136 internal memory 138 External memory 140 programs 142 Operating Systems 144 Middleware 146 applications 150 Input Modules 155 Audio Output Module 160 display modules 170 Audio Modules 176 Sensor Modules 177 Interface 178 Connection terminals 179 Haptic Modules 180 Camera Module 188 Power Management Modules 189 Battery 190 Communication Module 192 Wireless Communication Module 194 Wired communication module 196 Subscriber Identification Module 197 Antenna Module 198 First Network 199 Second Network 210 Optical Sensors 211 Light-emitting part 213 Light focusing modification member 217 Light receiving part 310 circuit board 320 Light-emitting part 330 filters 340 Optical waveguide 350 Grating Coupler 360 light irradiation area 370 Light receiving part

Claims

1. It is an optical sensor, A light-emitting section, which is placed on a substrate and includes a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands, A first optical waveguide transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in a first direction parallel to the substrate surface, The optical focusing modification member includes a light focusing modification member that changes the angle of light so that the light transmitted from the first optical waveguide is radiated in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, The optical sensor is characterized in that the optical focusing modification member has a structure that focuses light transmitted from different positions from the first optical waveguide to a single point.

2. The optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source includes a laser diode or a light-emitting diode.

3. The optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the light-emitting unit further includes a filter that filters out only light in a specific wavelength band when the light source is a laser diode.

4. The optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the light focusing modification member includes a plurality of grating couplers.

5. The optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the light focusing modification member has a structure including at least one of a grating coupler, a lens, a slit, or a mirror, and is designed to emit light in the second direction at a constant angle of radiation.

6. The optical sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of grating couplers are arranged in a grid structure that changes the radiation angle of the first light transmitted through the first path and the second light transmitted through the second path.

7. The optical sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of grating couplers include a rod-shaped structure.

8. The optical sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of grating couplers are spaced apart at a predetermined distance in a parallel matrix, and the longitudinal front end of any one of the plurality of grating couplers intersects with the longitudinal rear end of another of the plurality of grating couplers.

9. The optical sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate includes a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate or a PIC (photon integrated circuit) substrate.

10. The optical sensor according to claim 4, further comprising a lens structure designed to focus light emitted in the second direction at a constant angle of radiation through the plurality of grating couplers to the one point.

11. An electronic device including an optical sensor, A light-emitting section, which is placed on a substrate and includes a light source that emits light in different wavelength bands, A first optical waveguide transmits the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in a first direction parallel to the substrate surface, An electronic device characterized by having an optical sensor that includes an optical focusing changing member that changes the angle of light so as to radiate light transmitted from the first optical waveguide in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that the light focusing changing member has a structure that focuses light emitted from different positions to a single point.

13. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that the light source includes a laser diode and a light-emitting diode.

14. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that the light-emitting unit further includes a filter that filters out only light in a specific wavelength band when the light source is a laser diode.

15. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that the light focusing modification member includes a plurality of grating couplers.

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