Stator, flat wire motor, power train, and vehicle

Abstract

Provided is a stator of a flat wire motor that can avoid the generation of circulating current, reduce manufacturing costs, and improve the efficiency of processing and manufacturing. 【Solution means】The stator of the flat wire motor includes a stator core 10 and a stator winding 20. A plurality of stator slots are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the stator core 10, and the number of stator slots is a multiple of 3. The stator winding 20 includes three-phase windings sequentially and periodically arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10, and the three-phase windings are a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding, respectively. Each phase winding includes a plurality of parallel branch paths, and the plurality of parallel branch paths are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of flat wire motors, and in particular, to stators, flat wire motors, power trains, and vehicles.

Background Art

[0002] With the active promotion of the sales of new energy vehicles, new energy electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular, and the market's requirements for the performance of the power system of electric vehicles are increasing. The main drive motor is the power output member of the power system and one of the most important components of an electric vehicle. The requirements for the performance indicators of the main drive motor are also increasing. For example, high power density, torque density, and miniaturization and lightweight are required. With the development of the flat wire process, the motors of electric vehicles are gradually using flat wire windings, and the flat wire windings can improve the occupation ratio of the stator slots and further improve the power density, efficiency, and thermal conductivity of the motor.

[0003] Conventional motors mainly use wave windings or overlapping winding structures. By designing flat wire conductors in the winding structure in multiple layers, the AC resistance of the motor can be effectively reduced. However, with the increase in the number of layers of flat wire conductors, the wiring method of the winding structure is not the same. Currently, multiple parallel branch paths are usually provided in the three-phase windings of the winding structure, and circulating currents are likely to occur between the branch paths. In addition, there are many wire types for hairpin coils, the production process is complex, and the manufacturing cost is high.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a stator, a flat wire motor, a power train, and a vehicle.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] According to the first aspect, the present invention includes a stator core having a plurality of status slots uniformly arranged along its circumferential direction on the inner wall, and a stator winding, wherein the stator winding includes three-phase windings, each phase winding includes a plurality of parallel branch paths, the plurality of parallel branch paths are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction, each of the parallel branch paths includes a plurality of hairpin coils connected by connecting wires and having different pitches, N layers of the hairpin coils are provided in any of the status slots, the hairpin coils of each parallel branch path are provided across N slot layers in different status slots, the three-phase windings are sequentially and periodically arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core. When N = (2n + 1) × 2, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot is 2n, or 2n, 2n - 1, 2n - 2. When N = 2n × 2, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot is 2n, 2n - 1, or 2n, 2n - 1, 2n - 2. When N = 2n + 1, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot is n, n - 1, or n, n - 1, n - 2. N is a positive integer and is 4 or more, and the total number of slot layers of each parallel branch path in each status slot is also a positive integer, providing a stator of a flat wire motor.

[0006] Furthermore, when the total number of slot layers occupied by each of the parallel branch paths in the status slot is 1, the position of the one slot layer is the first layer or the Nth layer of the status slot. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each of the parallel branch paths in the status slot is 2, the two slot layers are provided adjacent to each other in the status slot, or the two slot layers are the first layer and the Nth layer in the status slot, respectively. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each of the parallel branch paths in the status slot is 3, two of the three slot layers are provided adjacent to each other, the position of the remaining one slot layer is the first layer or the Nth layer of the status slot, and the remaining one slot layer is provided with a separation of four slot layers from the other two slot layers. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each of the parallel branch paths in the status slot is 4, the four slot layers are divided into two groups, each group is provided with a separation of four slot layers, and each group includes two adjacent slot layers.

[0007] Furthermore, each phase winding includes three parallel branch paths.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of the status slots is 54 or 72.

[0009] Furthermore, the combinations of the pitches of the hairpin coils in each of the parallel branch paths are 8, 9, 11, 12, and 16.

[0010] Furthermore, the pitch of the hairpin coils in the same slot layer of each of the parallel branch paths is 9.

[0011] Furthermore, the pitch of the hairpin coils in the first slot layer or the Nth slot layer of each of the parallel branch paths is 8 or 8, 11.

[0012] Furthermore, for each of the parallel branch paths, the incoming line end is located in the Nth layer of the slot layer, the outgoing line end is located in the N - 1th layer of the slot layer, or the incoming line end and the outgoing line end of each of the parallel branch paths are both located in the first slot layer and the Nth slot layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding pitch between the hairpin coils in each of the parallel branch paths is 9 or 11 in all cases. Furthermore, each of the hairpin coils includes a first leg portion, a second leg portion, a connection segment, a first bending segment, and a second bending segment. The first leg portion and the second leg portion are provided in parallel and are inserted into slot layers of different stator slots respectively. The connection segment is connected to one ends of the first leg portion and the second leg portion. The first bending segment is connected to the other end of the first leg portion. The second bending segment is connected to the other end of the second leg portion. Welding ends are connected to both the first bending segment and the second bending segment.

[0014] Furthermore, the bending directions of the first bending segment and the second bending segment are the same and parallel, or are provided symmetrically.

[0015] According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a flat wire motor including a rotor and any one of the stators described above, wherein the rotor is provided in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the stator core.

[0016] According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a power train including a speed reducer and a flat wire motor as described above, wherein the flat wire motor is transmission-connected to the speed reducer.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle including a power train as described above.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows. Different from the prior art, the present application discloses a stator, a flat wire motor, a power train and a vehicle. The multiple parallel branch paths of each phase winding are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction. In this way, the magnetic field distributions of the multiple parallel branch paths in each phase winding are the same, and the potentials are balanced. Therefore, the circulating current generated between the parallel branch paths is avoided, the additional AC copper loss at high frequencies is significantly reduced, the efficiency of the flat wire motor during high-speed operation is improved, local overheating of the winding is avoided, the service life of the flat wire motor is extended. Also, the hairpin coils of each parallel branch path are provided across N slot layers in different stator slots. Thereby, the potential phase difference due to the positions in the stator slots of the multiple parallel branch paths of each phase winding can be eliminated. By limiting the number of slot layers N in the stator slots and the total number of slot layers occupied by each corresponding parallel branch path in each stator slot, the wire types of the hairpin coils are reduced, the manufacturing molds of the flat wire motor are reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the processing and manufacturing efficiency can be effectively improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, while referring to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solution means in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used only for the purpose of explanation, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features limited to "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, unless there is a clear and specific limitation, "a plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc. Further, the terms "comprising", "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the indicated steps or units, and preferably may further include steps or units not shown, or preferably may further include other steps or units specific to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0022] As used herein, "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. This phrase described in each place in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this specification may be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] For ease of understanding, the following explains the technical terms appearing in the present application.

[0024] A stator refers to the stationary part in a motor and is for generating a rotating magnetic field.

[0025] A rotor refers to the rotating member in a motor and is for realizing the conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy.

[0026] Pitch refers to the distance that two element edges of the same element in the motor winding span across the armature surface, and is usually represented by the number of stator slots formed in the stator core.

[0027] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the stator of a flat wire motor according to the present application, and FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator core in the stator shown in FIG. 1. In one aspect of the present application, a flat wire motor including a rotor and a stator is provided, the rotor is provided in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the stator core of the stator, the number of slots per pole per phase of the flat wire motor may be 3, the number of poles of the rotor is an even number, and the combination of slots and poles of the flat wire motor may be 6 poles and 54 slots, 8 poles and 72 slots, 10 poles and 90 slots, 12 poles and 108 slots, etc., and in the present application, it is not specifically limited thereto.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the stator of the flat wire motor includes a stator core 10 and a stator winding 20.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of stator slots 11 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the stator core 10, the number of stator slots 11 is a multiple of 3, for example, the number of stator slots 11 may be 54 or 72, any one of the stator slots 11 extends in the axial direction of the stator core 10, penetrates the inner wall of the stator core 10 along the axial direction of the stator core 10, and the stator slots 11 are further divided into N layers along the radial direction of the stator core 10.

[0030] The stator winding 20 includes three-phase windings that are sequentially and periodically arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10. The three-phase windings are the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding, respectively. Each phase winding includes a plurality of parallel branches (hereinafter referred to as p parallel branches). The plurality of parallel branches are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction. For example, each phase winding includes three parallel branches, and the three parallel branches are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10. Alternatively, each phase winding may include two or four parallel branches.

[0031] By limiting that the plurality of parallel branches in each phase winding are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction, the magnetic field distributions of the plurality of parallel branches in each phase winding become the same and the potentials are balanced. Therefore, the circulating current generated between the parallel branches can be avoided, the additional AC copper loss at high frequencies can be significantly reduced, the efficiency of the flat wire motor during high-speed operation can be improved, local overheating of the winding can be avoided, and the service life of the flat wire motor can be extended.

[0032] In this embodiment, the stator is composed of three-phase windings with a phase difference of 120 electrical degrees and the stator core 10. The structure of the stator winding 20 is in the stator core 10. Each phase winding includes three parallel branches. The three parallel branches use the central axis of the stator core 10 as the rotation axis, and the three parallel branches in the same-phase winding are rotationally symmetric. When the stator is applied to a flat wire motor, the central axis may refer to the rotor center line of the rotor in the flat wire motor. Rotational symmetry may mean that after a certain parallel branch in the same-phase winding moves by a certain number of stator slots, it overlaps with other parallel branches in the same-phase winding.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit in which the parallel branches in each phase winding of the stator shown in FIG. 1 use a star connection. Each phase winding consists of three parallel branches.

[0034] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit in which the parallel branches in each phase winding of the stator shown in FIG. 1 use a delta connection. Each phase winding consists of three parallel branches.

[0035] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hairpin coil in the stator shown in FIG. 1.

[0036] Each parallel branch path is connected by a connecting wire and includes a plurality of hairpin coils 21 with different pitches. In each stator slot 11, flat wire conductors of n layers of hairpin coils 21 are provided. n is a positive integer, that is, flat wire conductors are provided in each slot layer in the stator slot 11. The hairpin coil 21 is formed of a flat wire conductor, the cross-section of the flat wire conductor is rectangular, and it is inserted into the stator slot 11. Each hairpin coil 21 includes two linearly arranged parallel straight segments 211 and a connecting segment 212 connecting the two straight segments 211. The straight segment 211 is inserted into the stator slot 11, and the connecting segment 212 is provided outside the stator slot 11. The connecting segment 212 may be U-shaped or V-shaped. The pitch of the hairpin coil is the number of stator slots spanned by the two linearly arranged parallel straight segments 211 of the hairpin coil 21, and the welding pitch between the hairpin coils 21 is the number of stator slots spanned by the adjacent straight segments 211 of two adjacent hairpin coils 21.

[0037] The hairpin coil 21 further includes a bending segment 213 connected to the straight segment 211. The bending segment 213 is also provided outside the stator slot 11 and is provided on the end face of the stator core 10 together with the connecting segment 212. Between the adjacent bending segments 213 of the adjacent hairpin coils in the same parallel branch path, they are connected and electrically conducted by a connecting wire.

[0038] In one embodiment, after inserting the hairpin coil 21 into the status slot 11, the hairpin coil 21 can be bent to form two bent segments 213. After the hairpin coil 21 is inserted into the status slot 11, its connection segment 212 forms the wire insertion end of the stator winding 20, and the bent segment 213 forms the welding end of the stator winding 20.

[0039] Here, the bending direction of the hairpin coil may be provided to be bent to one side. In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the two bent segments 213 include a first bent segment 214 and a second bent segment 215. The bending directions of the first bent segment 214 and the second bent segment 215 of some hairpin coils 21 are parallel and are used for being wound with a direction change. As shown in FIG. 3, the bending directions of the first bent segment 214 and the second bent segment 215 of the remaining hairpin coils 21 are provided symmetrically and are used for being wound in the same direction.

[0040] In the present application, N layers of hairpin coils 21 are provided in each status slot 11. That is, in each slot layer of the status slot 11, two straight segments 211 of one hairpin coil 21 are provided. The hairpin coils 21 of each parallel branch path are provided across N slot layers in different status slots 11. Thereby, the potential phase difference due to the positions in the status slots of the plurality of parallel branch paths of each phase winding can be eliminated. N is a positive integer and is 4 or more. For example, N may be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10. For example, when N is 4, four layers of straight segments 211 are provided in each status slot 11.

[0041] A plurality of parallel branch paths of the same phase are all provided across n slot layers in different status slots, and the status slots 11 occupied by each phase winding are rotationally symmetric on the stator circumference. Thus, p branch paths of the same phase are completely symmetric, and no circulating current is generated when the flat wire motor operates normally, reducing the copper loss of the motor and improving the motor efficiency.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slot layer of the status slots in the stator core shown in FIG. 2. In one specific application scenario, N is 6, and 6 layers of straight segments 211 are provided in each status slot 11, that is, each status slot 11 contains 6 layers of flat wire conductors. Let the first layer be L1, the second layer be L2, the third layer be L3, the fourth layer be L4, the fifth layer be L5, and the sixth layer be L6. The first slot layer is the bottom layer of the status slot 11, and the sixth slot layer is the slot mouth layer, or the first slot layer is the slot mouth layer of the status slot 11, and the sixth slot layer is the bottom layer of the slot.

[0043] In one embodiment, since the hairpin coils 21 in the same status slot 11 are of the same phase, no phase insulation paper is required between the straight segments 211 of different layers in the same status slot 11, and the insulation cost of the flat wire motor can be reduced.

[0044] Here, when N = (2n + 1)×2, the combinations of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 are 2n, or 2n, 2n - 1, 2n - 2. When N = 2n×2, the combinations of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 are 2n, 2n - 1, or 2n, 2n - 1, 2n - 2. When N = 2n + 1, the combinations of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 are n, n - 1, or n, n - 1, n - 2. N is a positive integer and is 4 or more, and the total number of slot layers of each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 is also a positive integer.

[0045] For example, in the above application scenario, when the number of slot layers N of the status slot 11 is 4, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 may be 2, 1. When the number of slot layers N of the status slot 11 is 6, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 may be 2 or 2, 1. When the number of slot layers N of the status slot 11 is 7, the combination of the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch path in each status slot 11 may be 3, 2 or 3, 2, 1.

[0046] By limiting the number of slot layers N in the status slot 11 and the total number of slot layers occupied by each corresponding parallel branch path in each status slot, the wire type of the hairpin coil 21 can be reduced, the manufacturing mold of the flat wire motor can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0047] When the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch in status slot 11 is 1, the position of the one slot layer is the first layer or the Nth layer of status slot 11. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch in status slot 11 is 2, the two slot layers are provided adjacent to each other in status slot 11, or the two slot layers are the first layer and the Nth layer in status slot 11 respectively. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch in status slot 11 is 3, two of the three slot layers are provided adjacent to each other, and the position of the remaining one slot layer is the first layer or the Nth layer of the status slot 11, and is provided separated from the other two slot layers by four slot layers. When the total number of slot layers occupied by each parallel branch in status slot 11 is 4, the four slot layers are divided into two groups, each group is provided separated from the four slot layers, and each group includes two adjacent slot layers. By such limited means, the wire type of the hairpin coil 21 can be further reduced, that is, the number of manufacturing molds can be further reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, the combinations of the pitches of the hairpin coils 21 in each parallel branch are 8, 9, 11, 12, 16. In another embodiment, the pitch of the hairpin coils 21 in the same slot layer of each parallel branch is all 9. In yet another embodiment, the pitch of the hairpin coils 21 in the first slot layer or the Nth slot layer of each parallel branch is 8 or 8, 11. Here, the pitch of the hairpin coil 21 is the number of status slots spanned by the two straight segments 211 of the hairpin coil 21.

[0049] Here, the welding pitch between the hairpin coils 21 in each parallel branch may all be 9 or 11, that is, the number of status slots spanned by the adjacent two straight segments 211 of the adjacent two hairpin coils 21 in the same parallel branch is all 9 or 11.

[0050] In some embodiments, the in-line end of each parallel branch is located in the Nth slot layer of the status slot 11, the out-line end is located in the (N - 1)th slot layer of the status slot 11, or both the in-line end and the out-line end of each parallel branch are located in the first slot layer and the Nth slot layer of the status slot 11, so as to facilitate the extraction of the in-line end and the out-line end of the parallel branch. By concentrating the lead positions of the parallel branches, the space in the axial direction and the radial direction of the winding can be reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty of the flat wire motor can be reduced.

[0051] To facilitate understanding, hereinafter, with reference to specific application scenarios, the connection method of the parallel branches in the present application will be described in detail.

[0052] In one specific application scenario, taking a 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of status slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each status slot 11 is 4. The stator winding is divided into U phase, V phase and W phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first winding of the U-phase winding in a 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application when the number of slot layers is 4, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second winding of the U-phase winding in a 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application when the number of slot layers is 4. The solid line indicates the connection method of the wire insertion end, the dashed line indicates the connection method of the welding end, U1, U2, U3 can be used as voltage lead-out wires or neutral point lead-out wires, and X1, X2, X3 can be used as voltage lead-out wires or neutral point lead-out wires.

[0054] Hereinafter, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch and the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding in this embodiment will be described in detail respectively.

[0055] Here, i(j) represents the j-th slot layer of the i-th slot. For example, 1(1) represents the first slot layer of the first slot, and 10(2) represents the second slot layer of the tenth slot.

[0056] There are two types of winding methods for the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch, and the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 8, in the first winding method, the slot numbers passed by the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding are 1(1) → 10(2) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 38(1) → 47(2) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 2(4) → 47(3) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 1(2) → 46(1) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 21(2) → 12(1).

[0058] The slot numbers passed by the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding are 2(1) → 11(2) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 39(1) → 48(2) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 3(4) → 48(3) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 2(2) → 47(1) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 19(2) → 10(1).

[0059] The slot numbers passed by the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0060] As shown in Fig. 9, in the second winding method, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are: 1(1)→10(2)→19(3)→28(4)→39(3)→48(4)→2(3)→11(4)→2(4)→47(3)→39(4)→30(3)→19(4)→10(3)→1(2)→46(1)→38(2)→29(1)→21(2)→12(1)→21(1)→30(2)→38(1)→47(2).

[0061] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are: 2(1)→11(2)→20(3)→29(4)→37(3)→46(4)→3(3)→12(4)→3(4)→48(3)→37(4)→28(3)→20(4)→11(3)→2(2)→47(1)→39(2)→30(1)→19(2)→10(1)→19(1)→28(2)→39(1)→48(2).

[0062] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are: 3(1)→12(2)→21(3)→30(4)→38(3)→47(4)→1(3)→10(4)→1(4)→46(3)→38(4)→29(3)→21(4)→12(3)→3(2)→48(1)→37(2)→28(1)→20(2)→11(1)→20(1)→29(2)→37(1)→46(2).

[0063] The U-phase winding, V-phase winding, and W-phase winding are symmetrically and uniformly distributed on the circumference of the stator core 10. Here, the winding methods of the V-phase winding and W-phase winding are omitted.

[0064] In another application scenario, still taking the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 5. The stator winding is divided into U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3 for all.

[0065] As shown in Fig. 10, Fig. 10 is a schematic winding diagram of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 5 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0066] As shown in Fig. 10, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 1(1) → 10(2) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 38(1) → 47(2) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 3(5) → 48(5) → 37(5) → 28(5) → 20(5) → 11(5) → 2(4) → 47(3) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 1(2) → 46(1) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 21(2) → 12(1).

[0067] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 2(1) → 11(2) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 39(1) → 48(2) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 1(5) → 46(5) → 38(5) → 29(5) → 21(5) → 12(5) → 3(4) → 48(3) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 2(2) → 47(1) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 19(2) → 10(1).

[0068] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 47(5) → 39(5) → 30(5) → 19(5) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0069] In another application scenario, still taking the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 6. The stator winding is divided into U phase, V phase and W phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3 for each.

[0070] There are two winding methods for the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch and the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the first winding method of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 6 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application, and FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the second winding method of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 6 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 11, in the first winding method, the slot numbers passed by the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding are 1(1)→10(2)→21(1)→30(2)→38(1)→47(2)→2(3)→11(4)→19(3)→28(4)→39(3)→48(4)→3(5)→12(6)→20(5)→29(6)→37(5)→46(6)→3(6)→48(5)→37(6)→28(5)→20(6)→11(5)→2(4)→47(3)→39(4)→30(3)→19(4)→10(3)→1(2)→46(1)→38(2)→29(1)→21(2)→12(1).

[0072] The slot numbers passed by the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding are 2(1)→11(2)→19(1)→28(2)→39(1)→48(2)→3(3)→12(4)→20(3)→29(4)→37(3)→46(4)→1(5)→10(6)→21(5)→30(6)→38(5)→47(6)→1(6)→46(5)→38(6)→29(5)→21(6)→12(5)→3(4)→48(3)→37(4)→28(3)→20(4)→11(3)→2(2)→47(1)→39(2)→30(1)→19(2)→10(1).

[0073] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0074] As shown in Fig. 12, in the second winding method, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 1(1) → 10(2) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 20(5) → 29(6) → 37(5) → 46(6) → 3(5) → 12(6) → 3(6) → 48(5) → 37(6) → 28(5) → 20(6) → 11(5) → 2(4) → 47(3) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 1(2) → 46(1) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 21(2) → 12(1) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 38(1) → 47(2).

[0075] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 2(1) → 11(2) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 21(5) → 30(6) → 38(5) → 47(6) → 1(5) → 10(6) → 1(6) → 46(5) → 38(6) → 29(5) → 21(6) → 12(5) → 3(4) → 48(3) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 2(2) → 47(1) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 19(2) → 10(1) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 39(1) → 48(2).

[0076] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2).

[0077] In another application scenario, still taking the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 7. The stator winding is divided into U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3 for all.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a schematic winding diagram of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 7 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0079] As shown in FIG. 13, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 1(1) → 10(2) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 38(1) → 47(2) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 3(5) → 12(6) → 20(5) → 29(6) → 37(5) → 46(6) → 1(7) → 46(7) → 38(7) → 29(7) → 21(7) → 12(7) → 3(6) → 48(5) → 37(6) → 28(5) → 20(6) → 11(5) → 2(4) → 47(3) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 1(2) → 46(1) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 21(2) → 12(1).

[0080] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 2(1) → 11(2) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 39(1) → 48(2) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 1(5) → 10(6) → 21(5) → 30(6) → 38(5) → 47(6) → 2(7) → 47(7) → 39(7) → 39(7) → 30(7) → 19(7) → 10(7) → 1(6) → 46(5) → 38(6) → 29(5) → 21(6) → 12(5) → 3(4) → 48(3) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 2(2) → 47(1) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 19(2) → 10(1).

[0081] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 3(7) → 48(7) → 37(7) → 28(7) → 20(7) → 11(7) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0082] In another application scenario, still taking the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 8. The stator winding is divided into U-phase, V-phase and W-phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 14, FIG. 14 is a schematic winding diagram of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 8 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 14, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 1(1)→10(2)→21(1)→30(2)→38(1)→47(2)→2(3)→11(4)→19(3)→28(4)→39(3)→48(4)→3(5)→12(6)→20(5)→29(6)→37(5)→46(6)→1(7)→10(8)→21(7)→30(8)→38(7)→47(8)→1(8)→46(7)→38(8)→29(7)→21(8)→12(7)→3(6)→48(5)→37(6)→28(5)→20(6)→11(5)→2(4)→47(3)→39(4)→30(3)→19(4)→10(3)→1(2)→46(1)→38(2)→29(1)→21(2)→12(1).

[0085] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 2(1)→11(2)→19(1)→28(2)→39(1)→48(2)→3(3)→12(4)→20(3)→29(4)→37(3)→46(4)→1(5)→10(6)→21(5)→30(6)→38(5)→47(6)→2(7)→11(8)→19(7)→28(8)→39(7)→48(8)→2(8)→47(7)→39(8)→30(7)→19(8)→10(7)→1(6)→46(5)→38(6)→29(5)→21(6)→12(5)→3(4)→48(3)→37(4)→28(3)→20(4)→11(3)→2(2)→47(1)→39(2)→30(1)→19(2)→10(1).

[0086] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 3(7) → 12(8) → 20(7) → 29(8) → 37(7) → 46(8) → 3(8) → 48(7) → 37(8) → 28(7) → 20(8) → 11(7) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0087] In another application scenario, still taking the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 9. The stator winding is divided into U-phase, V-phase and W-phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3 for all.

[0088] As shown in Fig. 15, Fig. 15 is a schematic winding diagram of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 9 in the 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0089] As shown in Fig. 15, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 1(1) → 10(2) → 21(1) → 30(2) → 38(1) → 47(2) → 2(3) → 11(4) → 19(3) → 28(4) → 39(3) → 48(4) → 3(5) → 12(6) → 20(5) → 29(6) → 37(5) → 46(6) → 1(7) → 10(8) → 21(7) → 30(8) → 38(7) → 47(8) → 2(9) → 47(9) → 39(9) → 30(9) → 19(9) → 10(9) → 1(8) → 46(7) → 38(8) → 29(7) → 21(8) → 12(7) → 3(6) → 48(5) → 37(6) → 28(5) → 20(6) → 11(5) → 2(4) → 47(3) → 39(4) → 30(3) → 19(4) → 10(3) → 1(2) → 46(1) → 38(2) → 29(1) → 21(2) → 12(1).

[0090] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 2(1) → 11(2) → 19(1) → 28(2) → 39(1) → 48(2) → 3(3) → 12(4) → 20(3) → 29(4) → 37(3) → 46(4) → 1(5) → 10(6) → 21(5) → 30(6) → 38(5) → 47(6) → 2(7) → 11(8) → 19(7) → 26(8) → 39(7) → 48(8) → 3(9) → 46(9) → 37(9) → 28(9) → 20(9) → 11(9) → 2(8) → 47(7) → 39(8) → 30(7) → 19(8) → 10(7) → 1(6) → 46(5) → 38(6) → 29(5) → 21(6) → 12(5) → 3(4) → 48(3) → 37(4) → 28(3) → 20(4) → 11(3) → 2(2) → 47(1) → 39(2) → 30(1) → 19(2) → 10(1).

[0091] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 3(7) → 12(8) → 20(7) → 29(8) → 37(7) → 46(8) → 1(9) → 46(9) → 38(9) → 29(9) → 21(9) → 12(9) → 3(8) → 48(7) → 37(8) → 28(7) → 20(8) → 11(7) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0092] In another application scenario, still taking a 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor as an example, the number of stator slots 11 in the stator core 10 is 54, the number of rotor poles is 6, the number of slots per pole per phase is 3, and the number of slot layers N in each stator slot 11 is 10. The stator winding is divided into U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, and the number of parallel branches provided in each phase winding is 3 for each phase.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 16, FIG. 16 is a schematic winding diagram of the U-phase winding when the number of slot layers is 10 in a 6-pole 54-slot flat wire motor according to the present application.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 16, the slot numbers through which the series connection of the first parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are: 1(1)→10(2)→21(1)→30(2)→38(1)→47(2)→2(3)→11(4)→19(3)→28(4)→39(3)→48(4)→3(5)→12(6)→20(5)→29(6)→37(5)→46(6)→1(7)→10(8)→21(7)→30(8)→38(7)→47(8)→2(9)→11(10)→19(9)→28(10)→39(9)→48(10)→2(10)→47(9)→39(10)→30(9)→19(10)→10(9)→1(8)→46(7)→38(8)→29(7)→21(8)→12(7)→3(6)→48(5)→37(6)→28(5)→20(6)→11(5)→2(4)→47(3)→39(4)→30(3)→19(4)→10(3)→1(2)→46(1)→38(2)→28(1)→21(2)→12(1).

[0095] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the second parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are: 2(1)→11(2)→19(1)→28(2)→39(1)→48(2)→3(3)→12(4)→20(3)→29(4)→37(3)→46(4)→1(5)→10(6)→21(5)→30(6)→38(5)→47(6)→2(7)→11(8)→19(7)→26(8)→39(7)→48(8)→3(9)→12(10)→20(9)→29(10)→37(9)→46(10)→3(10)→48(9)→37(10)→28(9)→20(10)→11(9)→2(8)→47(7)→39(8)→30(7)→19(8)→10(7)→1(6)→46(5)→38(6)→29(5)→21(6)→12(5)→3(4)→48(3)→37(4)→28(3)→20(4)→11(3)→2(2)→47(1)→39(2)→30(1)→19(2)→10(1).

[0096] The slot numbers through which the series connection of the third parallel branch of the U-phase winding passes are 3(1) → 12(2) → 20(1) → 29(2) → 37(1) → 46(2) → 1(3) → 10(4) → 21(3) → 30(4) → 38(3) → 47(4) → 2(5) → 11(6) → 19(5) → 28(6) → 39(5) → 48(6) → 3(7) → 12(8) → 20(7) → 29(8) → 37(7) → 46(8) → 1(9) → 10(10) → 21(9) → 30(10) → 36(9) → 47(10) → 1(10) → 46(9) → 38(10) → 29(9) → 21(10) → 12(9) → 3(8) → 48(7) → 37(8) → 28(7) → 20(8) → 11(7) → 2(6) → 47(5) → 39(6) → 30(5) → 19(6) → 10(5) → 1(4) → 46(3) → 38(4) → 29(3) → 21(4) → 12(3) → 3(2) → 48(1) → 37(2) → 28(1) → 20(2) → 11(1).

[0097] According to another aspect of the present invention, a power train is further provided, and the power train includes a speed reducer and the flat wire motor. Here, the flat wire motor is transmission-connected to the speed reducer. Specifically, the drive shaft of the flat wire motor and the input shaft of the speed reducer are transmission-connected by a transmission member such as a shaft coupling, and the driving force is output from the flat wire motor to the speed reducer.

[0098] According to still another aspect of the present application, a vehicle including the above power train is further provided, and the above power train is provided in the vehicle and provides driving power to the vehicle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the vehicle may be a new energy vehicle driven by electric energy. The new energy vehicle may specifically be a hybrid electric vehicle, a pure electric vehicle, a fuel cell electric vehicle, etc., or a vehicle using a high-efficiency accumulator such as a supercapacitor, a flywheel battery, or a flywheel accumulator as the electric energy source.

[0099] Unlike the prior art, the present application discloses a stator, a flat wire motor, a power train, and a vehicle. A plurality of parallel branches of each phase winding are rotationally symmetric in the circumferential direction. In this way, the magnetic field distributions of the plurality of parallel branches in each phase winding are the same, and the potentials are balanced, thereby avoiding the circulating current generated between the parallel branches, significantly reducing the additional AC copper loss at high frequencies, improving the efficiency of the flat wire motor during high-speed operation, avoiding local overheating of the winding, extending the service life of the flat wire motor, and further, the hairpin coils of each parallel branch are provided across N slot layers in different stator slots. Thereby, the potential phase difference due to the positions in the stator slots of the plurality of parallel branches of each phase winding can be eliminated. By limiting the number of slot layers N in the stator slots and the total number of slot layers occupied by the corresponding parallel branches in each stator slot, the wire type of the hairpin coils can be reduced, the manufacturing molds of the flat wire motor can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the processing and manufacturing efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0100] In the description of the present application, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in relation to the said embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions for the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. It should be noted that when there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0101] The above are only embodiments of the present application and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion performed using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or the direct or indirect application to other related technical fields for the same reason is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stator for a flat wire motor, comprising: A stator core having a plurality of stator slots uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall; a stator winding; the stator winding includes a three-phase winding, each phase winding includes a plurality of parallel branch paths, the plurality of parallel branch paths are rotationally symmetrical in the circumferential direction, each of the parallel branch paths includes a plurality of hairpin coils connected by connecting wires and having different pitches, N layers of the hairpin coils are provided in each of the stator slots, the hairpin coils of each of the parallel branch paths are provided across N slot layers in different stator slots, and the three-phase windings are sequentially and periodically arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, When N=(2n+1)×2, the combination of the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branches occupies in each of the stator slots is 2n, or is 2n, 2n−1, or 2n−2; When N=2n×2, the combination of the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branches occupies in each of the stator slots is 2n, 2n−1, or 2n, 2n−1, 2n−2; When N=2n+1, the combination of the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branches occupies in each of the stator slots is n, n-1, or n, n-1, n-2; A stator, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 4, and the total number of slot layers in each of the stator slots in each of the parallel branches is also a positive integer.

2. When the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branch paths occupies in the stator slot is one, the position of the one slot layer is the first layer or the Nth layer of the stator slot; When the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branches occupies in the stator slot is two, the two slot layers are adjacent to each other in the stator slot, or the two slot layers are the first layer and the Nth layer in the stator slot, respectively; When the total number of slot layers that each of the parallel branch paths occupies in the stator slot is three, two of the three slot layers are provided adjacent to each other, and the remaining slot layer is located in the first layer or the Nth layer of the stator slot and is provided four slot layers away from the other two slot layers; 2. The stator of claim 1, wherein when a total number of slot layers each of the parallel branches occupies in the stator slot is four, the four slot layers are divided into two groups, each group being separated by four slot layers, and each group including two adjacent slot layers.

3. 3. The stator of claim 2, wherein each phase winding includes three parallel branches.

4. 4. The stator of claim 3, wherein the number of stator slots is 54 or 72.

5. 5. The stator according to claim 3, wherein the combination of pitches of the hairpin coils in each of the parallel branches is 8, 9, 11, 12, and 16.

6. 5. The stator according to claim 3, wherein the pitch of the hairpin coil in the same slot layer of each of the parallel branch paths is 9.

7. 5. The stator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the pitch of the hairpin coil in the first slot layer or the Nth slot layer of each of the parallel branch paths is 8, 8, or 11.

8. Each of the parallel branch paths has an incoming end located in the Nth layer of the slot layer and an outgoing end located in the (N-1)th layer of the slot layer, or 5. The stator according to claim 3, wherein an incoming end and an outgoing end of each of the parallel branch paths are located in a first slot layer and an Nth slot layer, respectively.

9. 5. The stator according to claim 3, wherein the welding pitch between the hairpin coils in each of the parallel branch paths is 9 or 11.

10. 2. The stator of claim 1, wherein each of the hairpin coils includes a first leg, a second leg, a connecting segment, a first folded segment, and a second folded segment, the first leg and the second leg are arranged in parallel and inserted into slot layers of different stator slots, the connecting segment is connected to one end of the first leg and the second leg, the first folded segment is connected to the other end of the first leg, the second folded segment is connected to the other end of the second leg, and the first folded segment and the second folded segment are both connected to welded ends.

11. The stator according to claim 10 , wherein the first folded segments and the second folded segments are folded in the same and parallel direction or symmetrically.

12. A rotor and a stator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A flat wire motor, characterized in that the rotor is provided in a space surrounded by an inner wall of the stator core.

13. A reduction gear and the flat wire motor according to claim 12, The flat wire motor is connected to the reducer.

14. A vehicle comprising the powertrain of claim 13.

Images