Articulated connection joint between structural elements of the support centering of the excavation hole

Abstract

Provide an articulated connection joint that improves the production speed to be economical, minimizes the risk of failure, and is user-friendly and safe. 【Solution means】The articulated connection joint between the structural elements of the support centering of the excavation hole includes two joint parts 2 and 3 that are articulated by an articulation pin 4. The articulation pin 4 enables the mutual rotation of the two joint parts 2 and 3 from the open state to the closed state. The two joint parts 2 and 3 each include a base wall 8, 20 and at least two side walls 9, 10, 26, 27 extending from the respective base walls 8, 20. The joint 1 is provided with blocking members 12, 15, 16, 34 for irreversibly blocking the joint 1 in the closed state. The two joint parts 2 and 3 are made of a metal material by casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of excavation, and more particularly to tunnels constructed by underground excavation.

[0002] In particular, the present invention has been developed with respect to a connection joint improved for articulated connection between elements of such an excavation hole support centering.

Background Art

[0003] For example, it is known to use a consolidated arch called centering to support excavation holes such as road tunnels and railway tunnels. In particular, centering is usually composed of a plurality of steel formed structural elements, which are connected to each other in an arch shape. These elements are composed of open-profile materials having an H-shape, HEB-shape, HEM-shape, IPE-shape, INP-shape, C-shape, or double T-section. In some cases, these elements may also be tubular. In most cases, the structural elements of the centering are formed in a formwork factory and then connected to each other in the area of the excavation site to be consolidated. However, there are also centering solutions that articulate the structural elements. EP2354447 describes a specific support centering of a tubular type with structural elements joined by an articulated connection joint. Examples of articulated connection joints between the structural elements of the centering are described in WO2015 / 186029 and WO2022 / 254325.

[0004] Known articulated connection joints are effective, but usually produced by welding metal plates cut in a formwork factory, so they are costly and time-consuming to manufacture. Furthermore, joints produced in this way may cause durability problems because the welding lacking craftsmanship skills may impair not only the strength of the joint but also the strength of the entire centering.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to improve the articulated connection joint for centering used in an excavation hole, improve the production speed, and make it economical. Another object of the present invention is to provide an articulated connection joint that is easy to use and safe so as to minimize the risk of failure of the joint and the centering itself.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention relates to an articulated connection joint between structural elements of a support centering for an excavation hole having the features described in the appended claims for utility model registration.

[0007] According to a first aspect, an articulated connection joint between structural elements of a support centering for an excavation hole is described. This joint may include two joint parts that can be articulated by an articulation pin. By the articulation between the two joint parts, their mutual rotation is possible, so that the joint can be changed from an open state to a closed state. Each of the two joint parts may include a base wall and at least two side walls that are preferably parallel and preferably extend laterally from their respective base walls. The joint can be provided with a blocking member that can irreversibly block when the joint is in the closed state. The two joint parts are made of a metal material by casting. In this way, a strong joint without sharp edges and thus without force concentration points is obtained, and as a result, the durability is significantly improved compared to conventional centering articulated joints.

[0008] For this purpose, according to a specific aspect, each base wall of the articulated joint is connected to its respective side wall without having a sharp edge. According to another specific aspect, each side wall can have a thickened portion in a region where a hole for passing the blocking member is formed. In this case, each thickened portion may also be connected to its respective side wall without having a sharp edge.

[0009] According to another specific embodiment, one of the two joint parts may be formed to include a member part connected to the base wall and the side wall. A through hole for passing the aforementioned joint pin may be formed in this member part. This member part may be connected to the base wall and the side wall of the joint part without having sharp edges.

[0010] According to another specific embodiment, the blocking member may include two opposing pins that are received to slide in the respective holes formed in one of the side walls of the two joint parts. These opposing pins can receive the thrust of the spring in the configuration where the joint is closed and blocked, and the spring can push the opposing pins into the respective holes formed in the side wall of the other joint part so as to irreversibly block the joint in its closed position.

[0011] According to another specific embodiment, the joint may include two temporary fixing parts attached to the joint part that supports the opposing pins. The two temporary fixing parts can hold the pins against the action of the spring in the open state of the joint. The temporary fixing parts can be removed by acting against the side wall of the other joint part during the operation of closing the joint.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided merely as non-limiting examples.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] In the following embodiments, features for enabling the implementation of the present invention are described. The described features can be combined with each other in various ways and are not necessarily limited to the embodiments themselves referred to in the drawings and the related descriptions. In other words, those skilled in the art who read the following description will be able to separate the specific forms of the description, paragraphs, sentences, or drawings without restricting the possibility of combining them with any one or more of the other features described and illustrated, and will know how to obtain useful information items for implementing one or more of the described features in combination with one or more of the other described features.

[0014] Referring now to FIG. 1, joint 1 is used to articulate two structural elements A, B of the support centering C of the excavation hole. In FIG. 1, joint 1 is shown in a closed block state, thereby defining the structural continuity of the two structural elements A, B that are fixedly joined to form centering C. Before reaching this state, for pre-storage and subsequent installation of the centering in the excavation hole using an automatic or semi-automatic positioning and installation system and means described, for example, in WO2024 / 017867A1, joint 1 is provided in an open state so that the two structural elements A, B of centering C can be folded.

[0015] Joint 1 comprises two joint parts 2, 3 that are articulated to each other by a pin 4. The pin 4 has a head 5 at one end and is blocked in a predetermined position by a peg or cotter pin 6 at the opposite end 7.

[0016] The first joint part 2, also individually shown in Fig. 3, has an integral metal structure formed by casting without sharp edges. The joint part 2 is substantially planar and has a base wall 8 intended to be connected to the structural element A of the centering C by welding or other mechanical joining. From the base wall 8, two side walls 9, 10 extend as a single cast member, and in the side walls 9, 10, two respective holes 11 are formed for passing the pins 4. In the side walls 9, 10, in the region of two respective thickened portions 13 of the side walls 9, 10, two further opposing holes 12 are formed, which, as will be described later, are for accommodating the blocking pins 15, 16 supported by the second joint part 3. The side walls 9, 10 are joined by a transverse wall 18 on the opposite side of the pins 4, and this transverse wall 18 is also joined to the base wall 8 as a single cast member. The first joint part 2 generally has a box-like shape, and within this, the second joint part 3 is accommodated in a closed state.

[0017] The joint part 3, also individually shown in Fig. 4, has a metal structure with a substantially planar base wall 20 and is connected to the structural element B of the centering C by welding or other mechanical connections. From the base wall 20, an integral member without sharp edges formed by casting protrudes, and a through hole 24 for receiving the central part of the pin 4 is formed in its central part 22. The central part 22 is sandwiched between two side walls 26, 27 joined by a transverse wall 28 located on the opposite side of the through hole 24. Two thickened parts 30 are provided on the side walls 26, 27 in the vicinity of the transverse wall 28. In the thickened parts 30, two coaxial holes 32 into which the blocking pins 15, 16 are slidably inserted are formed. Between the blocking pins 15, 16, a spring 34 for pushing the pin outward is interposed. The blocking pins are provided with abutting edges 36 to prevent the pins from coming out of the holes 32 due to the action of the spring 34. Two notches 38 are formed at the edge of the base wall 20, and two stop bars 40 for holding the blocking pins 15, 16 in the coaxial holes 32 while the joint 1 is open can be released when the joint 1 is closed. In this state shown in Fig. 4, the stop bar 40 is temporarily fixed to the side walls 26, 27 by, for example, several weld points. When the joint 1 is closed, it collides with the side walls 9, 10 of the first joint part 2 and the temporary fixation is released, and the stop bar 40 is released from the notch 38. On the other hand, the blocking pins 15, 16 are released and inserted into the holes 12 of the first joint part 2 as shown in Fig. 2.

[0018] The two parts 2, 3 of the joint 1 are manufactured by casting so that parts without sharp edges can be obtained, especially in the transition region between the base wall and the side walls. Also, the thickened parts are connected to prevent stress concentration. The joint 1 has no welded parts except for potential weld points, and these weld points are deliberately made to protrude so as to break in order to release the blocking pins that temporarily hold the bar 40 and, as a result, engage with the holes 12 of the first joint part 2 under the biasing action of the spring 34 and irreversibly block in the closed state of the joint 1.

[0019] Of course, the principle of the present invention remains the same, and the details of the embodiments and structures can be widely changed with respect to those described and illustrated without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An articulated connection joint between structural elements of a support centering of an excavation hole, comprising two joint parts (2, 3) articulated by an articulation pin (4), the articulation pin (4) enabling mutual rotation of the two joint parts (2, 3) from an open state to a closed state, the two joint parts (2, 3) each comprising a base wall (8; 20) and at least two side walls (9, 10; 26, 27) extending from the respective base wall (8; 20), the joint (1) being provided with blocking members (12, 15, 16, 34) for irreversibly blocking the joint (1) in the closed state, the two joint parts (2, 3) being made of a metallic material by casting, the connection joint.

2. The connection joint according to claim 1, wherein at least each base wall (8; 20) is connected to the respective side wall (9, 10; 26, 27) without having a sharp edge.

3. The connection joint according to claim 1, wherein each side wall (9, 10; 26, 27) comprises a thickened portion (13; 30) in a region where a hole (12; 32) for the passage of the blocking member (15, 16) is formed, and each thickened portion is connected to the respective side wall (9, 10; 26, 27) without having a sharp edge.

4. The joint part (3) comprises a member part (22) connected to the base wall (20) and the side walls (26, 27), the member part (22) having a through hole (24) formed therein for passing the articulation pin (4), the member part (22) being connected to the base wall (20) and the side walls (26, 27) without having a sharp edge, the connection joint according to claim 1.

5. The blocking member comprises two opposing pins (15, 16) received to slide in holes (32) formed in the side walls (26, 27) of the first part (3) of the two joint parts, the opposing pins receiving the thrust of a spring (34) in a configuration where the joint is closed and blocked, the spring (34) pushing the pins (15, 16) into holes (12) formed in the side walls (9, 10) of the other second part (2) of the two joint parts, the connection joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. It is attached to the first joint part (3) and has two temporary fixing parts (40) that hold the pins (15, 16) against the action of the spring (34) in the open state of the joint. The temporary fixing parts can be removed by acting against the side walls (9, 10) of the second joint part (2) during the operation of closing the joint. The connecting joint according to claim 5.

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