A roof structure that combines multiple "air-cooled roof underlayment panels" that combine wood and air into the roof structure of a building.

Abstract

To provide a building roof structure that does not burden the Earth, contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, simplifies and ensures safety during roof construction work that involves working at heights. [Solution] The roof structure of the building is designed to suppress thermal energy entering through the roofing materials in the summer. By utilizing the properties of air layers and wood that are less susceptible to heat, roof underlayment panels urp1-2 or urp3 are combined with existing basic rafters 1 and other rafters 5-9 or a fourth-tier rafter 13, and roof sheathing 10 or 13, resulting in a performance that surpasses the ability of a thatched roof to suppress heat intrusion in the summer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention uses a plurality of "air-cooled roof base panels" in the roof structure of a building, which is an energy-saving technology of the Ministry of the Environment that can suppress heat intrusion from the roof in summer and heat dissipation in winter. The feature of this technology is a decarbonized energy-saving technology that can immediately respond to the global warming problem by combining air that forms a global heat barrier in the roof structure that is part of the building envelope and the characteristics of plants (wood) that are difficult to react to heat. In addition, for the production of the "air-cooled roof base panel", it is possible to use thinned wood of domestic timber, and the effective use of thinned wood, which is essential for forest management, can contribute to forestry revival. Regarding the above, the plant (wood) with few heating elements in the air layer partition wall is related to the exertion of the heat transfer suppression ability of the air layer partition wall. Furthermore, this technology uses wood with extremely little heat reaction for the air layer partition board, which has the ability to suppress heat transfer of air and the opposite ability of heat transfer by air convection, and is a building roof insulation structure that mimics the earth's natural heat response ability by combining an air layer and wood. Regarding the above, the combination of air and wood in the air layer of the roof insulation structure has few heat storage elements and is a heat insulation technology for a roof structure that can reproduce the heat intrusion suppression ability corresponding to a thatched roof in summer. Furthermore, the use of air and wood can achieve zero CO2 emissions, thus contributing to the reduction effect of greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, for the production of the roof base panel, it is suitable to use thinned wood of domestic timber. By doing so, the effective use of thinned wood required for forest management can contribute to forestry revival. In order to make use of the characteristic that air is difficult to transmit heat, this invention arranges vertical timbers of 60×45mm at intervals of 455mm, and nails wild floorboards with a thickness of 1mm and a width of around 12mm to both sides of the vertical timbers to form a roof base panel that can ensure an air layer. Regarding the construction of the roof base panel, after attaching the basic vertical timber 1 used in normal construction work, attach the above-mentioned roof base panel urp1 to its upper part, and then attach the additional second-stage vertical timber 5 in a parallel state to the basic vertical timber 1. Subsequently, the roof underlayment panel urp2 is layered on top, and a new third-tier rafter 9 is combined with it. Then, the roof sheathing board 10 is laid as is normally done, thereby securing four layers of air gaps between the four roof sheathing boards forming urp1 and urp2 and the roof sheathing board 10, and a thermal transmittance U value of approximately 0.125 W / m2·K (Figure 3) can be achieved. Furthermore, by adding the "air-cooled roof underlayment panel" urp3 and the fourth rafter 13, a total of six air layers can be secured. This construction method results in a surface heat transfer resistance of 13.19 m²·K / W, and allows for an insulation value of approximately 0.076 W / m²·K (Figure 4). Furthermore, the rafter direction of each roof underlayment panel shall be perpendicular to the basic rafter 1 and each individual rafter. Other features include an exterior roof structure that combines 12mm thick air layer partition plates forming the roof surface of a building, with 4 to 6 layers of 6mm wide air gaps that minimize convection due to air viscosity. This structure has extremely low heat storage potential and can achieve a heat intrusion suppression capability comparable to thatched roofs in summer. Furthermore, an air intake 18-2 is provided in part of the soffit surface material 18-1. or at the bottom of the wall surface, connecting the air layer 9a. or 13a. generated from the stacking of the upper third rafter 9. or fourth rafter 13. of the "air-cooled roof underlayment panel" urp2 or urp3 with the air layer of the roof structure ridge 16a. The structure is characterized by installing an aluminum duct pipe 17 and a damper 17-1 for air discharge above the air layer of the roof structure ridge 16, and attaching an exhaust duct cover 17-2 to the exterior wall surface that penetrates the gable wall. The rising air caused by the convection phenomenon resulting from the temperature difference creates air pressure on the roof structure ridge 16, causing the damper 17-1 to open. This state results in a structure that combines air discharge and cooling capacity for the outer wall and roof material's outer surface air layer 9a or 13a during the summer. In this way, the building's roof structure is designed to exhibit the opposing properties of both a still air layer that utilizes the viscous characteristics of air and an air layer that utilizes convection. This invention relates to a decarbonization-contributing technology that can be adapted to a wide variety of building roof structures as an insulation technology that utilizes the natural properties of air and wood, which are resistant to heat. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, highly airtight and highly insulated homes that use a large amount of insulation material are recommended. Furthermore, it is known that forming an air layer in addition to insulation material in the outer structure of a building can suppress the transfer of heat radiation from roofing and exterior wall materials into the interior during the summer, thus being significant in achieving energy savings in the summer (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0003] Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a ventilated building structure in which two layers of air are placed between the internal spaces of the outer and inner walls, with insulation material at the center, and these are used as a ventilation layer, which is adjusted by dampers installed under the floor to provide energy savings.

[0004] Furthermore, Patent Document 2, which relates to the applicant's proposal, discloses that the thermal insulation capacity of the air layer is obtained by using earthquake-resistant airtight panels in the exterior wall structure, applying airtight surface material, and sealing the air layer. In addition, Patent Document 3, which relates to the applicant's proposal, proposes a roof structure in which an air layer is provided between the roof material and the insulation material installed on the interior side, along the slope of the roof, and the rising energy of the air heated by the roof material, which has become hot due to radiant heat, is used to perform heat exchange with the heated high-temperature air using an exhaust passage unit.

[0005] Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a ventilated building structure that efficiently provides heat shielding by creating an air layer between the roofing material and the insulation material installed on the interior side, along the slope of the roof, with the intention of actively forming an airflow. This air layer is not only created between the roofing material but also between the exterior wall material and the interior wall material installed on the interior side, and the air layer on the wall side and the air layer on the roof side are connected. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-13523 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-41687 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-21205 [Non-patent literature]

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] "A House Where You Can Enjoy Forest Bathing," page 33, by Toshio Iizuka, published by Shinken Shinbunsha, July 1, 2006. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Incidentally, Patent Document 1 uses an insulating material in addition to two layers of air, and this insulating material itself has thermal conductivity properties. That is, if insulating material is placed inside the roof structure and exterior walls, the insulating material itself stores heat with a delayed-type characteristic due to radiant heat from the sun, and then, when the outside air temperature drops, heat is released from the warmed insulating material. Therefore, in summer, the insulating material works effectively to reduce the amount of heat transferred into the room during the day due to solar radiation, and the temperature rise during the day is suppressed by the delayed-type characteristic of the insulating material. However, from evening to night when solar radiation stops, the heat transfer due to the heat stored in the insulating material is slowly radiated to the colder outside air or into the room, so the heat continues until late at night. This condition can be reproduced by the heat released to the colder side by a futon (an insulating material commonly used) that has absorbed solar heat in midsummer.

[0009] As the name "slow-heat-transfer heat-absorbing material," another name for thermal insulation, suggests, most thermal insulation materials do not have the ability to block heat. Therefore, the heat generated by solar radiation energy in the building envelope is stored in the insulation material, and then, due to delayed heat transfer, the cooler interior walls begin to heat up. The radiant heat from these heated interior walls affects the human body, causing those living in the room to feel hotter than the actual indoor air temperature.

[0010] Thus, in conventional high-airtightness, high-insulation construction methods using currently common insulation materials, the building's surface becomes hot in the summer due to radiant heat from the sun. The insulation material itself receives heat transfer and stores heat due to the radiant heat emitted from the same heated exterior wall and roofing materials. Furthermore, this heat stored in the insulation material radiates into the interior through the interior materials from evening to night, resulting in a problem where the indoor temperature does not decrease until night.

[0011] Furthermore, various insulation materials, including glass wool, rigid polyurethane foam, expanded polyethylene, and others, all require resources and generate LCCO2 (life cycle CO2 emissions from manufacturing to disposal). While these various insulation materials are considered essential for energy conservation, they actually accelerate environmental destruction on Earth.

[0012] In contrast, Patent Document 2 proposes forming an air layer partitioned by facing materials, primarily made of natural materials such as wood, between columns in the thickness direction of the exterior wall and between the foundation and beams or girders. Furthermore, it became clear that the wall ventilation structure alone, as in Patent Document 2, is insufficient as a countermeasure against the temperature rise of the building structure due to solar radiation. On the other hand, as a countermeasure for the roof, the structure in Patent Document 3 is proposed. However, the structure in Patent Document 3 required a forced ventilation structure for the air layer under the roof material to countermeasure against the temperature rise of the building structure due to solar radiation. Therefore, the applicant continued to diligently research whether it was possible to achieve a method that could obtain a comfortable living environment using only natural ventilation of the air layer on the envelope side of the wall and roof surfaces, which was the ultimate goal.

[0013] As proposed in Non-Patent Document 1, the applicant conceived a structure that efficiently facilitates air convection by connecting the air layer on the wall side and the air layer on the roof side of the building envelope, and adopted a forced exhaust system using a ventilation fan. However, considering the power consumption, maintenance, and potential future equipment replacement associated with the exhaust of the ventilation fan, the applicant aimed for a natural ventilation system with a simple, manually operated damper that takes advantage of the convection phenomenon of the air layer. Subsequently, the applicant applied a natural exhaust system based on the pressure difference between the outside air and the air on the building envelope, derived from the aforementioned manual damper.

[0014] This invention aims to commercialize a roof construction method with multiple layers of air, moving away from the conventional roof construction method that combines rafters and roof sheathing. The first invention is a roof structure in which roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and urp3 are combined with second-row rafters 5-9 or fourth-row rafters 13, creating four or six layers of air. The aforementioned insulation technology, which combines air and plants, has been put into practical use to achieve performance that surpasses the heat penetration suppression capacity of thatched roofs in summer, and is an energy-saving technology that does not burden the earth. The second invention relates to a roof structure that forms part of the building envelope, which combines the properties of air, which forms the Earth's thermal barrier, with the properties of plants (wood) that are less sensitive to heat, thereby eliminating the need for insulation materials altogether. Furthermore, the use of air and wood makes it possible to achieve zero CO2 emissions, thus contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases. Furthermore, the third invention contributes to expanding the uses of thinned domestic timber in the production of roof underlayment panels, thus enabling the utilization of thinned timber, which is essential for forestry maintenance and management, to play a role in promoting the forestry industry. This proposal is for an "air-cooled roof underlayment panel" structure aimed at ensuring safety by simplifying the work involved in roof construction, which involves working at heights. The fourth invention relates to a variable air layer structure that penetrates a gable wall, in which the air on the outer surface of the wall and the air on the outer surface of the roof 9a. or 13a. and the air layer 16a. at the ridge of the roof structure are connected, and a constantly open air inlet is provided at the lowest part of the wall 18-2. or a part of the soffit surface material 18-1. so that a convection phenomenon occurs using the temperature specific gravity difference of the air, and an aluminum pipe intake 17. and an automatically opening and closing damper 17-1. are provided at the top of the air layer 16a. at the ridge of the roof structure, and an aluminum pipe intake 17. and an automatically opening and closing damper 17-1. are provided. Also, for the fifth invention, in order to utilize the property that air is difficult to conduct heat, vertical timbers of 60×45 mm are arranged at intervals of 455 mm, and floorboards with a thickness of 12 mm and a width of around 120 mm are attached to both sides of these vertical timbers to form roof base panels urp1~2 and urp3. The production and processing of these roof base panels in the workplace can ensure cost reduction such as labor saving through standardization. Incidentally, the direction of the vertical timbers of each roof base panel shall be set in the intersecting direction of the basic vertical timbers 1, 5, 9, and 13. For the sixth invention, with the roof base panels urp1 and urp2, four layers of air layers are ensured by four floorboards and floorboard 10. With a surface heat transfer resistance of 8.026 m2·K / W, the heat transfer coefficient U value ≒ 0.125 W / m2·K, and the numerical values in "Figure 3" can be shown. Also, when adding the roof base panel urp3 and the fourth-stage vertical timber 13, six layers of air layers can be ensured. By this construction method, the surface heat transfer resistance becomes 10.608 m2·K / W, and the heat transfer coefficient U value ≒ 0.094 W / m2·K, and the numerical values in "Figure 4" can be shown. And a roof structure of a building that can exhibit the opposite performances of a static air layer that utilizes the viscous property of air and an air layer that utilizes the convection phenomenon is related to a decarbonization contribution technology that can be applied to various roof structures of buildings as a heat insulation technology that utilizes the property of the earth's nature that is difficult to react to the heat of air and wood.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0015] The building equipped with the heat insulation structure using the roof base panels urp1-2 of the present invention for solving the above problems has, for example, as shown in "Figure 1" and "Figure 3", a roof surface (outer air contact wall portion 10) that shields the outside and inside of the roof structure of the building, a roof surface outer skin side air layer 9a (air layer thickness 60 mm) formed on the outer skin side of the roof base panels urp1-2, a roof surface air layer 7a (air layer thickness 60 mm) formed on the roof base panel urp2 inside the roof surface outer skin side air layer 9a, and an air layer 5a (air layer thickness 60 mm) formed by the second stage rafter 5 located between the roof surface air layer 7a and the inside of the building of the roof base panel urp2, and a four-layer air layer structure is formed by the roof surface air layer of the roof base panel urp1 (air layer thickness 60 mm). In addition, a structure is adopted in which a six-layer air layer is ensured by adding the roof base panel urp3 and the fourth stage rafter 13. Also, the air from the lower part 18-2 of the outer skin side air layer of the building wall surface and a part 18-1 of the eaves soffit material, which is connected to the roof surface outer skin side air layer 9a or 13a and the roof outer skin side air layer, is configured to form an air flow due to the convection phenomenon caused by the temperature difference of the air. Furthermore, the outer skin side air layers 9a and 13a formed by the stacking construction method of the roof base panel urp2 or urp3 and the third stage rafter 9 or the fourth stage rafter 13 have a structure that communicates with the roof structure column part space air layer 16a. "Figure 1" As an air inlet by the aluminum duct pipe 17 at a position where the length direction of the space air layer 16a of the roof structure column part is divided into 1 / 2 to 1 / 4, the aluminum duct pipe suction inlet is fixed. Similarly, the aluminum duct pipe 17 is structured such that each exhaust damper 17-1 is attached to the indoor side of the partition wall, and a duct cover 17-2 is installed outside the partition wall. It is formed by the roof outer skin side air layer 9a (air layer width 60 mm) by the third stage rafter 9, the air layer 7a of the roof base panel urp2 (air layer width 60 mm), the roof intermediate air layer 5a (air layer width 60 mm) by the second stage rafter 5, and the roof base panel urp1 (air layer width 60 mm). Furthermore, the uppermost third rafter 9. creates a roof envelope-side air layer 9a., which forms a four-layer air structure in which the roof ridge structure air layer 16a. (the entire ridge structure) and the roof envelope-side air layer 9a. are connected.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention allows for the addition of a roof underlayment panel urp3 with air insulation properties and a fourth rafter 13. The six-layer roof structure, which includes the aforementioned roof underlayment panel urp3 (air layer width 60 mm) and the air layer 13a. of the fourth rafter 13. (air layer width 60 mm), is also characterized in that it is connected to the roof structure ridge 16. in the same way as the four-layer structure. In the building roof structure, for example, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the communication between the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the outer surface of the roof and the air layer 16. of the roof ridge structure is configured such that air from the lower part 18-2 of the outer surface air layer of the building wall and the outside air inlet from a part of the soffit surface material 18-1 forms an airflow due to convection caused by the temperature difference between the air on the wall and the roof. Therefore, the air from the lower part 18-2 of the building wall's envelope air layer and the outside air inlet from a part of the soffit surface material 18-1 is pushed open by the damper 17-1 of the aluminum duct pipe installed in the roof ridge structure. This is because the difference in temperature and specific gravity of the air creates an air pressure in the airflow due to convection, pushing open the air in the envelope air layer whose temperature has risen, and the air in the envelope air layer whose temperature has risen is automatically pushed outside. Thus, even if the walls and roof sections that are subjected to heat intrusion in the summer rise in temperature due to solar radiation, the natural ventilation system utilizing the convection phenomenon of air, rather than the constant inflow of outside air, has the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of each air layer with zero energy consumption in the aforementioned roof surface envelope side air layer 9a. or 13a. and the roof structure ridge air layer 16a.

[0017] Furthermore, by utilizing thinned timber and incorporating an air layer into the roof underlayment panels, the low thermal conductivity of air and wood is utilized, allowing the system to achieve the performance shown in the U-value calculation formulas (Figures 3-4). Furthermore, because air and wood have very little heat storage capacity, heat storage that is not easily visible in insulation performance is less likely to occur. For example, in the summer, you can experience not feeling any radiant heat from the roof inside a thatched roofed building.

[0018] Preferably, in a building roof structure that combines roof underlayment panels urp1-2 or urp3 equipped with the ability to suppress heat transfer of air according to the present invention, the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side and the air layer 16a. of the roof ridge structure are in communication. Furthermore, when the temperature of the exposed outside air wall surface or roof is lower than the indoor temperature, the convection of each air layer can be stopped by closing the damper 17-1. installed in the roof ridge structure 16. A feature of the damper's closed state is that air cannot flow in from the lower part 18-2 of the air layer on the building wall envelope side and from the outside air inlet from a part of the soffit surface material 18-2., which has the effect of increasing the heating efficiency of the room in winter.

[0019] Preferably, in a building equipped with the ability to suppress heat transfer of air according to the present invention, when the air on the outer surface of the building wall, which is connected to the lower part 18-2 of the outer surface air layer and the outside air inlet from a part of the soffit surface material 18-1, and the air in the air layer 16a of the roof ridge structure become hot due to absorbing radiant heat from the sun, the convection phenomenon of air can be utilized. Furthermore, during the daytime in summer when solar radiation is intense, and in tropical regions, efficient automatic ventilation through convection in the exterior walls and the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side creates conditions that make it difficult for thermal energy from solar radiation to penetrate into the interior of the building. In buildings equipped with such air insulation performance, there is an effect of suppressing the rise in the structural temperature of roof underlayment panels urp1-2 or roof underlayment panel urp3, which are incorporated into the interior side of the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side. Furthermore, in winter, at night, and in cold, frigid regions where solar radiation is low, the heat transfer suppression capacity of each air layer in the building's envelope structure improves indoor heating efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, in the building roof structure with air insulation properties of the present invention, the air-cooled roof underlayment panel is characterized by a combination of wood and an air layer, as shown in, for example, Figures 1, 3, and 4. Furthermore, the aforementioned roof underlayment panels can be used to create workshops and other structures, thereby reducing the workload associated with roof construction, which involves working at heights.

[0021] The roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and urp3 of this invention expand the uses of thinned domestic timber and, furthermore, become an environmentally friendly, energy-saving product that reduces processing energy by minimizing sawing work. The thermal resistance of each component of the roof underlayment panels URP1-3 that fix these air layers is high, and the use of air is an essential construction technique for environmental protection.

[0022] Preferably, in the building roof structure with air insulation properties of the present invention, the building roof structure with air insulation properties described in any of the claims is characterized by not using any insulating material. As mentioned above, since there is no insulating material, the heat storage phenomenon due to heat transfer by the insulating material is reduced, and performance in suppressing heat intrusion from the roof in summer is obtained.

[0023] Preferably, in the roof structure of a building equipped with air insulation according to the present invention, a feature is that in the production of roof base panels urp1 to 3 that can form a four- to six-layer air structure, plants (wood) that have extremely low thermal reaction are used as air layer partition walls, thereby completely eliminating the need for insulation material.

[0024] Furthermore, thin partition walls for each air layer reduce heat capacity. Therefore, a roof structure made by combining several roof underlayment panels is less affected by radiant heat transmitted into the interior from various roofing materials. In addition, by setting the thickness of the heat-receiving surface of the partition walls for each air layer to about 12 mm, heat transfer due to radiant heat from each air layer partition member can be minimized.

[0025] Furthermore, by using wooden partition walls with low heat capacity to create a multi-layered structure for each air layer, the low thermal conductivity of air and plants can be utilized, and the heat absorption phenomenon due to radiant heat can be suppressed. This makes it possible to create a structure that makes it difficult for heat to transfer to the interior through heat conduction or thermal radiation, even if high temperatures occur due to radiant heat from various roofing materials of a building.

[0026] Preferably, in the building roof structure with air insulation properties according to the present invention, the air layer on the outer surface side of the building's exterior-contacting wall portion and the roof outer surface side air layer 9a. or 13a. are connected to the air layer 16a. of the building's ridge structure. Furthermore, the air outlets in the air layer 16a. of the roof ridge structure are constructed using aluminum duct pipes to provide multiple air outlets 17-2. Furthermore, each aluminum duct pipe 17 is connected to an aluminum damper 17-1, which penetrates the gable wall of the building and connects to an outdoor duct cover 17-2. This creates a structure in which outside air inlets, provided at the lowest part of the wall surface 18-2 and a portion of the soffit surface material 18-1, communicate with the outside air side of the gable wall via the air layer 9a or 13a on the roof envelope side, the air layer 16a in the roof ridge structure, and aluminum dampers 17-1 connected to the exhaust ports 17 of multiple aluminum pipes attached to the roof ridge.

[0027] Furthermore, in winter, the aluminum damper 17-1 ensures that the air in the wall-side air layer, the roof-side air layer 9a. or 13a. communicating with it, and the air layer 16a. at the roof ridge are at the same pressure. As a result, the air in each air layer and the roof ridge can remain stationary due to the viscosity of the air.

[0028] Therefore, the aluminum damper 17-1 opens naturally under the pressurized air conditions resulting from convection in the summer. Furthermore, under other equilibrium air pressure conditions, the damper 17-1 automatically closes due to the resistance to movement caused by the viscosity of air.

[0029] The first invention is a roof structure formed by combining roof underlayment panels urp1-2 or urp3 that form part of the roof structure, second-row rafters 5, third-row rafters 9, and fourth-row rafters 13, and roof sheathing boards 10 or 14, with an air layer 9a or 13a on the outer surface of the roof structure. The variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the outer surface of the roof structure exhibits heat transfer suppression capabilities due to the low thermal conductivity of air and the low viscosity of air, which makes convection difficult. This reduces the intrusion of heat from the outside and the release of heat to the outside, making it easier to maintain the indoor temperature. Furthermore, each air layer 3a, 5a, 7a, and 9a, 11a, 13a, which are composed of roof underlayment panels, can form an air layer in which convection due to the viscosity of air is less likely to occur, especially the outer envelope side air layer 9a or 13a.

[0030] The second invention, addressing the above challenges, utilizes the heat-resistant properties of air and wood in building roof structures to create an insulating structure that mimics the natural thermal barrier of the Earth, providing an experience similar to the suppression of heat intrusion into a thatched roof during the summer. Furthermore, the use of air and wood makes zero CO2 emissions possible, thus contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases. Therefore, eliminating industrially produced insulation materials can improve the environmental burden from LCCO2 emissions from insulation materials and from the disposal of insulation materials due to the aging of buildings.

[0031] Furthermore, as a third idea, the use of domestically produced thinned timber in the manufacture of roof underlayment panels is essential for revitalizing forest management. In the manufacture of the aforementioned roof underlayment panels, it is possible to produce them to standard dimensions, allowing for advance production at workshops, etc., in accordance with the progress of construction. The purpose of standardizing the manufacturing of roof underlayment panels at workshops, etc., is to ensure safety by streamlining roof construction work, which involves working at heights.

[0032] Next, in the fourth invention, the air inlets at the lowest part of the wall surface envelope side 18-2. and a part of the soffit surface material 18-1. are connected to dampers 17-1. that are connected to the air layer 16a. of the roof ridge structure of each envelope side air layer 9a. or 13a. and the aluminum duct pipe 17. This structure creates conditions for increased air pressure due to the rising airflow caused by the expansion of air due to the temperature difference of the air in the envelope side air layers in summer, causing dampers 17-1. to open, and the air in each air layer on the building envelope side can be exhausted and cooled due to the structure that penetrates the gable wall.

[0033] Furthermore, the fifth invention adds the property of wood being less reactive to heat in order to establish the property of being less responsive to heat. This results in roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and urp3, in which 60 x 45 mm rafters are arranged at 455 mm intervals, and roof sheathing boards with a thickness of 12 mm and a width of approximately 120 mm are attached to both sides of the rafters. The direction of the rafters in each roof underlayment panel is to be in the direction of the intersection of rafters 1, 5, 9, and 13.

[0034] The sixth invention states that an air layer of 100 mm or less can suppress heat transfer due to the static state caused by the viscosity of the air. When air is in a static state, its low thermal conductivity is utilized, as indicated by the thermal conductivity of air, and the roof air layers 3a, 5a, 7a, and 9a, as well as the air layers 11a and 13a, can similarly exhibit heat transfer suppression capabilities. With the aforementioned roof underlayment panels urp1 and urp2, and the four layers of air gaps provided by four roof sheathing boards and ten roof sheathing boards, a thermal transmittance U-value of approximately 0.125 W / m2·K can be achieved (Figure 3). Furthermore, by adding the roof underlayment panel urp3 and the fourth rafter 13, a total of six air layers can be secured. This construction method results in a surface heat transfer resistance of 13.19 m²·K / W, and a thermal transmittance U-value of approximately 0.076 W / m²·K (Figure 4). This relates to the fact that the thermal insulation effect shown by the U-value calculation formula in Figure 3 or Figure 4 is determined by the roof structure of the building.

[0035] The seventh invention, utilizing the convection phenomenon caused by the temperature difference of the air in the variable air layer, is a decarbonization-contributing technology that can be adapted to a wide variety of building roof structures as an insulating technology that takes advantage of the natural properties of air and wood that make them resistant to heat. This technology is applicable to a wide variety of building roof structures.

[0036] It is not generally understood that most types of insulation materials possess heat storage properties. As the alternative name for insulation materials, "heat-slowing heat absorption material," suggests, it is impossible to completely block heat. Therefore, the widespread adoption of highly airtight and well-insulated homes is itself a factor accelerating the urban heat island effect. The eighth invention, which solves the aforementioned problem, relates to the use of the properties of air and plants (wood), which have low heat transfer and heat storage elements.

[0037] The life cycle CO2 emissions from the manufacturing to disposal of insulation materials are a major cause of environmental destruction, making the complete elimination of insulation materials an important environmental protection measure. While the insulation technologies using the aforementioned materials can contribute to energy saving in winter, the environmental burden on the entire planet is immeasurable due to the heat storage phenomenon in summer, the emission of LCCO2 from insulation materials, and disposal. The ninth invention, an insulation technology combining air and plants (wood) to form the Earth's thermal barrier, is characterized by its applicability to the envelope structure of a wide variety of buildings as a decarbonization technology. [Effects of the Invention]

[0038] The first design involves creating an air layer that is less susceptible to convection due to air viscosity. This air layer, formed by urp1-2 or urp3, which form part of the roof structure, along with the second rafter 5, third rafter 9, fourth rafter 13, and roof sheathing 10 or 13, creates a variable air layer in the roof structure, 9a or 13a. The low thermal conductivity of air and the reduced likelihood of convection due to air viscosity allow this air layer to effectively suppress heat transfer, reducing heat intrusion from the outside and heat release to the outside, thus facilitating the maintenance of a stable indoor temperature. Furthermore, in the case of air layers 9a or 13a, which have an open outside air intake, the exhaust damper 17-1 can be closed to form an air layer that is less susceptible to convection due to air viscosity.

[0039] As an effect of the second invention, the roof structure of a building is characterized in that no insulation material is used at all in a building that has a roof structure having a wall air layer and roof structure air layers 3a, 5a, 7a, 9a, and 11a, 13a, which combine air and plants (wood) and does not use any insulation material as described in claim 2.

[0040] As a third benefit of this design, using plants (wood) in the air layer partition wall has the characteristic of being less susceptible to the effects of temperature changes, as the molecular structure forming the cell walls of plants suppresses vibrational frictional heat from molecular diffusion motion due to heat propagation. By taking advantage of the aforementioned characteristic of plants being less affected by thermal changes, the ability of air-layer partition walls to suppress heat transfer can be demonstrated. Furthermore, plants (wood) suppress heat generation at the ground surface during their growth and can also regenerate and cycle rapidly, thus playing a valuable role in decarbonization.

[0041] In the building envelope structure having the thermal insulation properties of air and the ability to suppress the thermal reaction of wood as described in claims 1 and 3, the wall envelope side air layer, the roof envelope side air layer 9a. or 13a. and the roof ridge air layer 16a. are connected, and the air layer intake at the lowest part 18-2. of the wall envelope side air layer or a part 18-1. of the soffit surface material is made into an open structure, and an aluminum duct pipe 17. is provided at the top of the roof ridge air layer 16a. An exhaust damper 17-1. is provided at the air outlet, and the structure is made to penetrate the gable wall, and the outer wall envelope side air layer, the outer envelope side roof air layer 9a. or 13a. and the ridge structure air layer 16a. are made into variable air layers.

[0042] According to the building envelope structure with thermal insulation provided by an air layer as described in claim 5, the heat transfer suppression capability due to the static state of the air in the variable air layer is such that when the temperature of the exposed roof or exterior wall is cooled due to a drop in temperature during winter, the air in the variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side and the variable air layer on the exterior wall envelope side are in a static state due to the viscosity of the air, and the low thermal conductivity of the air is utilized, allowing the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature to be suppressed with the same heat transfer suppression capability as the air layers 3a., 5a., 7a., 9a. or 11a., 13a. as described in claim 5.

[0043] According to the building with air insulation properties described in claim 6, when the temperature of the wall portion in contact with the outside air or the roof portion exposed to the outside air becomes high and hot due to the absorption of radiant heat from the sun, the temperature of the air in the variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side and the variable air layer on the exterior wall envelope side rises. Due to the temperature difference of the air in the variable air layer, a convection phenomenon occurs in the air due to the difference in temperature and specific gravity. As described above, the variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof structure envelope side and the variable air layer on the wall structure envelope side are connected. Due to the open structure of the air inlet 18-2. at the bottom of the air layer on the wall envelope side and the outside air inlet in a part of the soffit surface material 18-1., the damper 17-1. automatically opens due to the increase in air pressure to the roof ridge structure 16. This is because an upward airflow phenomenon occurs due to convection caused by the change in specific gravity due to the temperature difference of the air, and the air is automatically discharged. Furthermore, as the air temperature near each air inlet is moved and discharged to the air outlet due to the air convection phenomenon, the building envelope structure that utilizes the convection characteristics of the air with a variable air layer according to claims 4 to 6 makes it possible to suppress the intrusion of heat from the roof part exposed to the outside air and the wall part in contact with the outside air, and the temperature rise that accompanies it.

[0044] It is generally believed that in air, under typical living temperatures of 0-20°C, heat conduction occurs by radiation up to about 6 mm, and convective heat transfer occurs in spaces wider than that. However, regarding the width of the air layer, we were able to observe that no condensation occurred under the conditions of a 96 mm space between an aluminum sash single-pane glass and a wooden single-pane glass door with a 20°C temperature difference. This phenomenon is based on the assumption that convection due to the viscosity of air is less likely to occur in air layers of less than 100 mm. Therefore, an insulating structure was designed that uses air to create an air layer with a width that allows for heat transfer suppression due to the viscosity of air.

[0045] This invention can improve the heat storage phenomenon, a negative characteristic of most types of insulation materials. As the formal name of insulation material, "heat transfer slow-moving heat-absorbing material," suggests, most insulation materials transfer heat slowly when subjected to heat transfer in the summer. For example, it is not feasible to live in the summer covered with a blanket, a common type of insulation material. The negative characteristic of high airtightness and high insulation is that heat storage occurs in the insulation material due to slow-moving heat transfer, and then the heat slowly moves to the lower temperature side (indoors). Therefore, the heat storage phenomenon by insulation materials is an accelerating factor in the urban heat island effect. Claim 6 is characterized in that heat transfer due to the convection phenomenon of air in the air layer on the wall surface envelope side and the air layer on the roof surface envelope side can suppress the heat storage state of the building's envelope structure.

[0046] While insulation materials contribute to energy conservation, they place a significant burden on the global environment. Building envelope structures that combine air and plants (wood), which can achieve zero insulation, contribute to reducing life-cycle CO2 emissions from the manufacturing to disposal of insulation materials. Furthermore, the manufacture of insulation materials requires resources, and fossil fuels are used to extract these resources. In addition, the environmental burden from the disposal of insulation materials due to their deterioration over time is unavoidable. Air is the Earth's thermal barrier, freely and equally available to everyone. Plants not only suppress heat generation from the Earth's surface but also provide a decarbonized resource that regenerates and cycles. This discovery concerns a building envelope structure that combines air and plants (wood), fundamentally overturning conventional notions about insulation materials.

[0047] Furthermore, the building's envelope structure, which combines air and plants (wood), suppresses the heat storage phenomenon in the building's structural frame. This creates conditions similar to those of shade in midsummer, resulting in a "comfortable even in the heat" experience—a novel approach to energy conservation. Experiments were conducted to verify the optimal spatial width for preventing convection due to air viscosity. To utilize the properties of stationary air, which makes it difficult to transfer heat, and to further leverage the properties of heat transfer through air convection, the air layers on the exterior side of the building's roof and exterior walls are connected. Furthermore, the structure allows outside air to flow into each of the aforementioned exterior air layers from the air layer inlet 18-2 at the bottom of the wall surface air layer or from the air layer inlet in a part of the soffit surface material 18-1. This structure connects several sets of roof underlayment panels with each rafter and the space 16a. directly beneath the ridge formed from the roof sheathing. Several aluminum pipe ducts 17. that serve as exhaust vents and exhaust dampers 17-1. are provided above the air layer 16a. of the ridge structure of the building, and a duct cover 17-2. is attached to the outer wall of the gable wall through which it penetrates, resulting in a simple heat dissipation structure. The automatic opening of the air outlet damper 17-1 occurs due to the expansion of the air on the outer envelope side as the temperature rises, resulting in increased air pressure. The automatic closing of damper 17-1 occurs when there is no change in the expansion of the air on the outer envelope side or when the temperature on the outer envelope side is low, resulting in a static air layer structure that provides insulation due to the damper shielding the air from the outside air. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0048] [Figure 1] Detailed cross-sectional view showing the roof underlayment panels urp1 and urp2 combined with the rafters 1, 5, and 9. [Figure 2] Oblique view of roof underlayment panels urp1-2 or urp3. [Figure 3] Detailed cross-sectional diagrams showing the combination of roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and each rafter 1, 5, and 9, as well as the formulas for calculating the sum of the thermal resistance values ​​of various components and the U-value. [Figure 4] Detailed cross-sectional diagrams showing the combination of roof underlayment panels urp1-3 and rafters 1, 5, 9, and 13, as well as the formulas for calculating the sum of the thermal resistance values ​​of various components and the U-value. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0049] The embodiments of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the roof structure used in this invention, which combines roof underlayment panels urp1 and urp2 with basic rafters 1, second-row rafters 5, third-row rafters 9, and roof sheathing 10. Figure 2 shows an oblique view of the roof underlayment panel configuration. Furthermore, Figure 3 shows the air and heat transfer resistance of each piece of wood in a roof structure where roof underlayment panels urp1 and urp2 are combined with basic rafters 1, second-row rafters 5, third-row rafters 9, and roof sheathing 10, and represents the calculated U-value. Figure 4 shows the air and heat transfer resistance of each piece of wood in a roof structure that combines roof underlayment panels urp1, urp2, and urp3 with basic rafters 1, second row rafters 5, third row rafters 9, fourth row rafters 13, and roof sheathing 14, and represents the calculated U-value.

[0050] Furthermore, the roof structure is designed to combine the roof underlayment panel urp3 used in this invention with the fourth rafter 13 and roof sheathing 14, allowing for the addition of air layers 11a and 13a to each of the air layers 3a, 5a, 7a, and 9a, thereby further improving the performance value of the U-value.

[0051] During seasons other than summer, damper 17-1 is in a closed state, so the air in the wall envelope side air layer 9a. or 13a. and the air layer 16a. of the roof ridge structure become stationary due to the viscosity of the air, and the air layer becomes a thermal insulation air layer due to the heat transfer suppression capacity of the air.

[0052] The air layer 16a of the roof ridge structure is formed by a structure in which the air layers on the outer surface of the east, west, north, and south exterior walls communicate with the roof ridge structure 16 and the air layers on the outer surface of the gable wall. The air layer 16a of the ridge structure connected to this is structured to connect with the lowest part of the wall surface 18-2 and a part of the soffit surface material 18-1.

[0053] As a result, the air layer on the exterior wall material's outer surface, the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof structure's outer surface, and the air layer 16a. on the roof ridge structure can be cooled by the incoming outside air, which cools the components at each contact surface. In addition, the ventilation of the air in each outer surface air layer suppresses the temperature rise of the air in each outer surface air layer.

[0054] This document explains the features of the roof underlayment panel and the combination of the basic rafters (1st, 2nd to 4th rows) of this invention, specifically the heat insulation provided by the air layer and wood, and the mechanism for suppressing heat generation from radiant air. In conventional buildings using insulation materials, solar radiation heat in the summer causes the temperature of the entire structure, including the insulation material, to rise and accumulate. Under these circumstances, most insulation materials are "heat transfer delay type heat absorption materials," and their ability to delay heat transfer from the heat-absorbing insulation material is what constitutes heat storage. As a result, the temperature rise of the exterior walls and roof exposed to the outside air due to solar radiation during the day acts as thermal radiation on the insulation material. The insulation material then stores heat and becomes a source of further radiant heat, which slowly moves to the interior building materials. Therefore, even at night when solar radiation is gone, the thermal radiation from the insulation material makes the interior of the building feel hotter than the indoor air temperature.

[0055] In other words, when using a wide variety of insulation materials for insulation work, the thicker the insulation material is applied, the greater the heat retention and insulation effect for the building. However, in the summer, the insulation material itself stores heat, so the entire exterior wall and roof surface of the building stores heat and releases it into the interior with a time delay. Therefore, in order to suppress the radiant heat release by the insulation material, it is necessary to suppress the heat storage phenomenon by, for example, providing an air layer with less heat storage capacity.

[0056] Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to suppress the radiant heat dissipation by the insulation material, an air layer with low heat storage capacity and wood, which has properties that make it difficult to react to heat, are combined to provide an air layer on the wall surface and an air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof surface. Furthermore, the air layer 16a. of the roof structure forms a structure that communicates with the air layer on the wall surface and the air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof surface. In this way, automatic exhaust is put into practical use by utilizing the properties of air and wood, which have extremely low heat generation due to radiant heat, and the air layer on the exterior surface due to the convection phenomenon of air.

[0057] In filing this patent application, regarding the wood necessary for the insulation technology combining air and plants, the value of using domestically produced wood lies in its ability to contribute to the development of the forestry industry through the effective utilization of thinned timber. Using thinned timber in the production of the "air-cooled roof underlayment panel" is significant, and suppressing heat intrusion from the roof in summer is significant in that it utilizes the Earth's natural thermal insulation resources to mitigate global warming.

[0058] This invention relates to a building roof structure that achieves the complete elimination of various types of insulation materials. It addresses previously unknown negative characteristics of insulation materials, such as the heat storage phenomenon in summer and the emission of LCCO2 from insulation materials. This can contribute to improving the environmental impact on the planet. Furthermore, as a decarbonization technology essential for combating global warming, the combination of air and plants (wood), which is ideal for environmental conservation, demonstrates excellent thermal insulation performance in building roof structures. This technology can be applied to all types of building envelope roof structures, from ordinary residences to high-rise buildings and factory buildings, and can contribute to reforming the lifecycle CO2 reduction of insulation materials. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0059] 1. Basic rafters 2.urp1. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 3a. urp1. Roof underlayment panel fixed air layer 3F. URP1. Roof underlayment panel, thermal bridge section 4.urp1. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 5. Second-tier intermediate rafter 5a. Intermediate rafter fixed air layer 5f. Intermediate rafters, thermal bridge section 6. Urp2. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 7. Urp2. Roof underlayment panels 7a. Urp2. Roof underlayment panel fixed air layer 7f. Urp2. Roof underlayment panel, thermal bridge section 8. Urp2. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 9. Third tier rafter 9a. Intermediate rafter fixed air layer 9f. Intermediate rafters, thermal bridge section 10. Urp3. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 11. Urp3. Roof underlayment panels 11a. Urp3. Roof underlayment panel fixed air layer 11f. Urp3. Roof underlayment panel, thermal bridge section 12. Urp3. Roof underlayment panels (sheathing boards) 13. Fourth tier rafter 13a. Variable air layer 14.Nojiboard 15-1. Roofing 15-2. Tiles 16. Roof ridge structural space 16a. Air layer in the roof ridge structure 17. Ventilation aluminum duct pipe 17-1. Damper 17-2. Aluminum duct cover 18-1. Air inlet for part of the soffit surface material 18-2. Air inlet at the bottom of the wall

Claims

1. To take advantage of the property of air that makes it difficult to conduct heat, an air layer with a width of about 60 mm is created to minimize convection due to the viscosity of air. This roof structure has 4 to 6 air layers, which are formed by combining roof underlayment panels urp1 to urp2 and roof underlayment panel urp3, with basic rafters 1, second rafters 5, third rafters 9, and fourth rafters 13, and roof sheathing 10 or 14. The aforementioned structure has four layers of air gaps of 60 mm each between the roof underlayment panels urp1-2, the basic rafters 1-9, and the roof sheathing 10. Furthermore, a roof structure is formed by combining roof underlayment panels with two additional 60 mm air gaps between the roof underlayment panel urp3, the fourth rafter 13, and the roof sheathing 14, resulting in a total of six layers of air gaps. The above roof structure surpasses the heat penetration suppression capacity of thatched roofs, which have very little heat storage capacity in the summer, and therefore can contribute to mitigating global warming.

2. In the aforementioned roof structure, which has 4 to 6 air layers, and is formed by combining roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and roof underlayment panel urp3, with basic rafters 1, second-row rafters 5, third-row rafters 9, and fourth-row rafters 13 and roof sheathing 10 or 14, it is characterized by the complete absence of insulation material. This is an insulation technology for roof structures that utilizes the natural environment of the Earth, where convection due to air viscosity is less likely to occur, and heat is not easily transferred through the wood that acts as a partition for the air layer. Furthermore, the use of air and wood is CO2 2 The roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by enabling zero emissions.

3. Furthermore, the manufacture of air-cooled roof underlayment panels utilizes thinned timber, which is necessary for growing domestic timber, thus contributing to the promotion of the forestry industry, a use that has not been widely recognized until now. By contributing to expanding the uses of thinned timber, it contributes to the development of environmental resources essential for forestry maintenance and management. Furthermore, this proposal is for an "air-cooled roof underlayment panel" roof structure, aimed at ensuring safety by simplifying the work involved in roof construction, which often involves working at heights.

4. In the building envelope structure having the thermal insulation properties of air and the ability to suppress the thermal reaction of wood as described in claims 1 and 2, the air inlet 18-2 at the lowest part of the wall air layer or a part of the soffit surface material 18-1 is an open structure, and an automatically opening and closing damper 17-1 is connected to the uppermost part of the air layer 16a at the roof ridge, and the damper 17-1 is connected to the aluminum duct pipe 17 for air discharge, which penetrates the gable wall, and the wall envelope side air layer and the envelope side air layers 9a and 13a and the roof ridge air layer 16a provided by the roof structural rafters 9 or 13 are connected, resulting in a roof structure with a variable air layer feature.

5. Regarding the design of the roof underlayment panels, in order to take advantage of the property of air not easily conducting heat, 60 x 45 mm rafters are arranged at 455 mm intervals, and roof sheathing boards with a thickness of 12 mm and a width of approximately 120 mm are attached to both sides of the rafters, resulting in roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and urp3. This roof underlayment panel ensures cost reduction through labor savings due to standardization. The direction of the rafters of each roof underlayment panel is to be installed in the direction of the intersection of the basic rafters 1 to the third row rafters 9 or the fourth row rafters 13.

6. The heat transfer suppression capability of the variable air layer due to the stationary state of the air is such that, when the temperature of the exposed roof or exterior wall is cooled due to the drop in temperature during winter, the air in the variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof envelope side and the variable air layer on the exterior wall envelope side are in a stationary state due to the viscosity of the air, and the low thermal conductivity of the air is utilized, allowing the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature to be suppressed in the same way as the air layers 3a., 5a., 7a., 9a. or 11a., 13a. in this building roof shape insulation structure. The aforementioned roof underlayment panels urp1 and urp2, along with four roof sheathing boards and a roof sheathing board 10 installed at the very top of the roof, create four layers of air gaps, resulting in a thermal transmittance U-value of approximately 0.125 W / m²·K. Furthermore, by adding the roof underlayment panel urp3, rafters 13, and roof sheathing boards 14 at the top of the roof, a total of six layers of air can be secured. This construction method results in a total surface heat transfer resistance value of 13.19 m²·K / W, and the roof structure is characterized by a heat transfer coefficient U value of approximately 0.076 W / m²·K.

7. Furthermore, utilizing the convection phenomenon caused by the temperature difference of the air in the variable air layer, when the temperature of the variable air layer 9a. and 13a. on the roof structure envelope side and the variable air layer on the wall structure envelope side rises due to the absorption of radiant heat from the sun, the damper 17-1. automatically opens due to the increase in air pressure to the roof structure ridge air layer 16a., provided that the variable air layer 9a. or 13a. on the roof structure envelope side and the variable air layer on the wall structure envelope side are connected. Furthermore, due to the convection phenomenon of the variable air layer, the air temperature at each air inlet moves and is discharged to the air outlet, thereby enabling the suppression of heat intrusion from the variable air layer in the outer surface air layer 9a. or 13a. of the roof section exposed to the outside air, and the resulting heat accumulation, thus utilizing the thermal insulation capacity of the air and the cooling characteristics of the air due to the convection phenomenon of the variable air layer according to claims 4 to 6.

8. The width of the air layer is set to a width that makes it difficult for convection due to the viscosity of air to occur, and the roof structure has four to six layers of partition walls, with the air layer thickness being about 60 mm, and the roof underlayment panels urp1 to urp3, the basic rafters 1 to the third row rafters 9 and the fourth row rafter 13 and the roof sheathing 10 or 14, and the air layer thickness being about 60 mm, and the partition walls are made of wood that does not react easily to heat. Furthermore, even if the airtightness performance (C-value) of each air layer is approximately 3 cm² / m², the air itself has viscosity, so a cooling phenomenon due to convection does not occur in the roof structure of a building. Furthermore, this building roof structure, which can exhibit the opposing properties of a still air layer that utilizes the viscous characteristics of air and an air layer that utilizes convection phenomena, is characterized by its decarbonization contribution technology that can be adapted to a wide variety of building roof structures as an insulation technology that takes advantage of the heat-resistant properties of air and wood inherent in the Earth's natural environment.

9. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the heat storage phenomenon, a negative characteristic of most types of insulation materials. As the formal name of insulation material, "heat-slowing heat-absorbing material," suggests, most insulation materials, in the summer, receive heat transfer from the building envelope materials, causing a heat storage phenomenon by the insulation material, which is an accelerating factor in the urban heat island effect. To improve the aforementioned phenomenon, the insulation technology combining air and wood as described in claim 1, and the air movement cooling by utilizing the convection phenomenon due to the temperature difference of the air in a variable air layer as described in claim 7, are roof insulation structures for buildings that have the characteristic of suppressing the heat storage state of the various insulation members.

10. The use of thinned timber in roof underlayment panels urp1-2 and urp3, as well as in basic rafters 1, second rafters 5, third rafters 9, fourth rafters 13, and roof sheathing 10 or 13, is an essential resource for the effective use of domestically produced timber, which is indispensable for promoting the forestry industry. This building roof insulation structure is characterized by the fact that air is the Earth's thermal barrier that everyone can use freely and equally, and wood, a type of plant, suppresses heat generation from the Earth's surface and is an effective use of decarbonized resources that are subject to repeated recycling.

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