Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units

Abstract

This invention provides a flocculation, separation, and purification material for polluted wastewater, consisting of a powder or liquid contained in a container, that brings about significant economic benefits, reduces environmental risks, efficiently removes radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137), and has a low environmental impact. [Solution] The wastewater flocculation, separation, and purification substance, consisting of a powder or liquid, stored in the storage body 1 according to the present invention, is provided as a powder or liquid and contains 50% by mass of natural anhydrous gypsum, 35% by mass of aluminum sulfate, 4% by mass of cationic polymer, 4% by mass of anionic polymer, and 7% by mass of alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides. Furthermore, the wastewater purification method according to the present invention involves adding this flocculation, separation, and purification substance to the wastewater and stirring to purify the wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units a method for simultaneously adsorbing or adsorbing pollutants and suspended solids (SS) caused by harmful substances dissolved in polluted wastewater, particularly second-class specified harmful substances such as heavy metals, and coagulating and separating them, and converting the properties of coagulated sludge into extremely stable solids that do not re-dissolve heavy metals, halogen substances, etc. and can be separated. Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units It relates to this.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, regardless of whether it is inorganic or organic, the treatment of polluted wastewater involves adding an inorganic or organic flocculant to the polluted wastewater, coagulating and separating the suspended solids (SS) in the polluted wastewater, and adjusting (for example, hydrogen ion concentration pH, chromaticity, transparency, etc.) to meet predetermined water quality standards and then discharging it. The separated sludge is dehydrated and solidified, and furthermore, heavy metals, etc. are separately treated to make them insoluble and then discarded as necessary.

[0003] Conventional flocculants used for the treatment of polluted wastewater are generally classified into inorganic and organic types. Inorganic flocculants are mainly aluminum salts and have a separation function for pollutants. However, compared with organic flocculants, their flocculation power is weak and the formed flocs are small, so the sedimentation property is poor (slow), and thus the purification treatment takes a long time. In addition, since the aluminum salts are chlorides or sulfates, they dissolve in water and exhibit acidity, so a neutralization treatment is required during water discharge. On the other hand, organic flocculants generally use chain polymers with charges. These have both a charge neutralization effect on charged suspended particles and a cross-linking adsorption effect, so large flocs are formed. However, compared with inorganic flocculants, both the treated water and the sedimented flocs are highly viscous, the dehydration efficiency is poor, and separate adjustment equipment and chemical costs are required to adjust the pH of the treated water. Furthermore, depending on the type of polluted water, flocs may float in the middle and not completely separate from the water, making it impossible to discharge the water as is. Moreover, if the amount used exceeds the appropriate level, the flocs become excessive and hold onto water, increasing the water content of the recovered sludge and making it inefficient. In addition, its low biodegradability poses a risk of environmental pollution.

[0004] The conventional coagulants used in the treatment of polluted wastewater are primarily intended to effectively coagulate suspended solids (SS) in the wastewater. Therefore, although some metals and halogen substances dissolved in the polluted wastewater are separated and settled while incorporated into the suspended solids (SS) during coagulation, the process is insufficient to remove water-soluble substances. In particular, it is currently impossible to remove heavy metals and fluorine, which are specific chemical substances for which very strict standards are set by law. Furthermore, since conventional coagulants themselves do not have the function of capturing and fixing the aforementioned specific chemical substances, if the separated flocs are discarded, they become a major cause of re-leaching and soil contamination.

[0005] In light of the above situation, the applicant has diligently studied and resolved this issue, and has disclosed an inorganic mud-converting flocculant related to Patent Document 1, which is intended for the fixation and immobilization of metals (including heavy metals) and conversion to soil properties similar to natural soil. However, this technology was not sufficient in terms of its ability to convert water-soluble substances to insoluble substances, the cohesive force for capturing and fixing the insoluble substances, and the size and toughness of the formed flocs. Furthermore, its ability to capture and fix halogen substances such as fluorine was weak, so further improvements were desired.

[0006] Therefore, the applicant relates to Patent Document 2, which aims to purify a wide range of polluted wastewater without requiring a complicated pH adjustment process during coagulation treatment, to form flocs of appropriate size and strength that settle quickly, to increase dewatering efficiency by making both the treated water and flocs weakly viscous, and to bring about significant economic benefits by further reducing the water content of the flocs, while also reducing environmental risks. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater The purification method was also disclosed. However, when treating polluted wastewater containing radioactive waste such as cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137), various coagulants are used, but there are challenges in terms of removal efficiency, environmental impact, and cost, and further improvements are desired. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-8903 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4515273 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for purifying a wide range of polluted wastewater that, during coagulation treatment, forms flocs of appropriate size and strength that settle quickly without requiring a complicated pH adjustment process. This method also improves dewatering efficiency by making both the treated water and the flocs weakly viscous, and further reduces the water content of the flocs, resulting in significant economic benefits while simultaneously reducing environmental risks. Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units The objective is to provide.

[0009] Furthermore, a second objective of this invention is to enable the easy discharge of radioactive waste containing cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) in polluted wastewater by coagulating it in water. Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units The objective is to provide. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] To achieve the above objective, the invention described in claim 1 relates to the invention described in claim 1. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterIts most notable feature is that it contains natural anhydrous gypsum, aluminum sulfate, a cationic polymer, and an anionic polymer. In this case, the natural anhydrous gypsum is a finely ground natural mineral mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum. The aluminum sulfate is in the form of finely powdered aluminum sulfate. The cationic polymer is a cationic flocculant, and the anionic polymer is an anionic flocculant.

[0011] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 2 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater This product is characterized by further comprising alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides. Specifically, it comprises finely ground natural minerals mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, finely ground aluminum sulfate, a cationic flocculant, an anionic flocculant, and further alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides.

[0012] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 3 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater This relates to the invention described in claim 2. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In this invention, the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide is characterized by being at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium oxide. That is, it further comprises finely ground natural minerals mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, finely ground aluminum sulfate, a cationic flocculant, and an anionic flocculant, along with at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium oxide.

[0013] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater This relates to the invention described in claim 2. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterIn this case, it is characterized by containing 50 to 57 parts by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35 parts by weight of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4 parts by weight of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4 parts by weight of the anionic polymer, and 7 to 14 parts by weight of the carbonate and / or hydroxide and / or oxide of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal. That is, it is a mixture of 50 to 57% by mass of the finely pulverized product of the natural mineral mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the finely pulverized aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the cationic flocculant, 1 to 4% by mass of the anionic flocculant, and 7 to 14% by mass of the carbonate and / or hydroxide and / or oxide of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal.

[0014] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 5 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In this case, it is characterized in that the cationic polymer is a polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant. That is, it contains 50 to 57% by mass of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant as the cationic polymer, 1 to 4% by mass of the anionic polymer, and 7 to 14% by mass of the carbonate and / or hydroxide and / or oxide of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal.

[0015] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 6 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In this case, it is characterized in that the anionic polymer is a polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculant. That is, it contains 50 to 57% by mass of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4% by mass of the polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculant as the anionic polymer, and 7 to 14% by mass of the carbonate and / or hydroxide and / or oxide of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal.

[0016] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 7 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterIt further includes a finely pulverized material obtained by adding gypsum to a clinker composed of limestone, silica, iron oxide, and clay. That is, it contains 50 to 57% by mass of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4% by mass of the anionic polymer, 7 to 14% by mass of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide, and further includes a finely pulverized material obtained by adding gypsum to a clinker composed of limestone, silica, iron oxide, and clay. At this time, the finely pulverized material obtained by adding gypsum to a clinker composed of limestone, silica, iron oxide, and clay is added in place of a part of the content of the natural anhydrous gypsum or the aluminum sulfate.

[0017] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 8 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater It further includes sodium thiosulfate and / or ferrous sulfate. That is, it contains 50 to 57% by mass of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4% by mass of the anionic polymer, 7 to 14% by mass of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide, and further includes sodium thiosulfate and / or ferrous sulfate.

[0018] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 9 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 4 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater It further includes synthetic hydrotalcite. That is, it contains 50 to 57% by mass of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35% by mass of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4% by mass of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4% by mass of the anionic polymer, 7 to 14% by mass of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide, and further includes synthetic hydrotalcite.

[0019] Also, regarding the invention according to claim 10 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater is regarding the invention according to claim 9 Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In this case, the synthetic hydrotalcite is of the formula Mg6Al2(OH) 16 It is characterized by being a basic carbonate represented by CO3·4H2O. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] The invention described in claim 1 above comprises a structure including natural anhydrous gypsum, aluminum sulfate, a cationic polymer, and an anionic polymer. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the report, even if the polluted wastewater is acidic or alkaline (pH range 4-10), pollutants (including dissolved substances) are physically and chemically coagulated, separated, and settled very quickly, resulting in clean and neutral treated water. Furthermore, the coagulated, separated, and settled sludge is converted into an extremely stable, sparingly soluble substance with no viscosity and excellent dewatering properties. In addition, the mixing of cationic polymers and anionic polymers in an aqueous solution generates a polyionic complex gel, which can coagulate radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) and incorporate it into the precipitate for removal.

[0021] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 2 above relates to Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater , and relating to the invention described in claim 3 above. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to Free acidic substances in polluted wastewater It has high neutralization and coagulation capabilities and can handle highly acidic polluted wastewater.

[0022] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the report, radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) can be agglomerated and removed with high efficiency, significantly improving the removal rate.

[0023] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 5 above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater , and relating to the invention described in claim 6 above. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterAccording to the study, using a highly hydrophilic, water-soluble polymer flocculant neutralizes the surface charge of suspended particles in water, causing them to aggregate and form large, strong flocs. Furthermore, combining it with an inorganic flocculant such as aluminum sulfate creates a synergistic effect, enabling efficient floc formation, increasing the size of the flocs, making them easier to precipitate, and facilitating efficient solid-liquid separation.

[0024] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 7 above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the study, the iron oxide present in trace amounts promotes the sedimentation of aggregates and also acts as a neutralizing agent, while the iron oxide can act as a catalyst in various reactions such as the aggregation, fixation, and conversion of pollutants, thus promoting synergistic effects.

[0025] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 8 above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the research, the chemical capture of not only suspended solids in polluted wastewater but also dissolved heavy metals and other substances, converting them into insoluble substances. Simultaneously, strong flocculation rapidly separates and settles them, allowing the supernatant water to be continuously discharged. Furthermore, the separated and dewatered sludge (flocculation) is extremely stable, preventing environmental pollution caused by the re-elution of Class II specified hazardous substances (heavy metals, etc.), which are subject to the standards set by the Enforcement Regulations of the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act.

[0026] Furthermore, the invention described in claim 9 above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater , and relating to the invention described in claim 10 above. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to this invention, when water-soluble halogenated substances such as hydrofluoric acid are dissolved in polluted wastewater such as factory wastewater, they can be chemically and physically captured and converted into insoluble substances without the use of neutralizing agents. These insoluble substances then coagulate, separate, and settle in a short time. On the other hand, even when suspended solids converted to calcium fluoride etc. by neutralizing agents such as slaked lime are present, the strong coagulation action of this invention allows for rapid separation and settling, making it possible to discharge the supernatant water. Furthermore, since the sludge (floc) after settling and dewatering is extremely stable, halogenated substances such as fluorine will not re-leach out.

[0027] Furthermore, the present invention described above Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the report, it can be added directly to polluted wastewater and can be easily used to purify polluted wastewater.

[0028] Furthermore, the purification of polluted wastewater according to the present invention described above can be easily carried out by adding it to the polluted wastewater and stirring it. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0029] [Figure 1] This is a front view of a powdered wastewater flocculation, separation, and purification substance, stored in a storage container according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a front view of a flocculated, separated, and purified wastewater substance, consisting of liquid, stored in a storage container according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram showing the results of a decontamination water purification test using a coagulation and separation purification substance according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] The following describes the present invention Coagulation, separation, and purification substances of polluted wastewater containing storage units Further details will be provided.

[0031] The embodiments described below are preferred examples of the present invention and therefore have various technical limitations. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these forms unless otherwise specified in the following description. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater The storage container for storing the items is not limited in form and may include the storage container shown in the illustration, or, for example, a packaging container. In the diagram, reference numeral 1 indicates the storage unit, and reference numeral 2 indicates the stopper of storage unit 1.

[0032] In this embodiment Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterIts main components are natural anhydrous gypsum, which is a finely ground natural mineral mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, and powdered fine aluminum sulfate. These are combined with cationic polymers, which are cationic flocculants, and anionic polymers, which are anionic flocculants, as essential components.

[0033] The effects and properties of natural minerals, primarily anhydrous gypsum, on polluted wastewater are as follows: In other words, natural minerals contain a wide variety of mineral trace elements (mineral components), which dissolve into the polluted wastewater over time and interact synergistically with dissolved oxygen and dissociated acid ions in the wastewater. This interaction reduces or oxidizes organic matter (including dissolved substances) in the pollutants, causing it to separate as a water-insoluble solidified substance. Furthermore, the main component, anhydrous gypsum, is suspended in the polluted wastewater, and a portion of it dissolves, acting as a neutralizing agent for the acid produced by the dissociation of finely powdered aluminum sulfate (described later). At the same time, it also contributes as an aid in the coagulation and solidification reaction.

[0034] Finely powdered aluminum sulfate readily dissolves in the polluted wastewater and dissociates into aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) via hydrolysis. The aluminum oxide further dissociates into colloidal aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and ionized aluminum hydroxide (Al[Al m (OH) n + It is converted into polycondensed aluminum hydroxide consisting of ]. This polycondensed aluminum hydroxide lowers the potential between suspended solids particles in the polluted wastewater. As a result, the balance between suspended solids (SS) particles is disrupted and they are broken down into fine particles, but the fine particles are then sorted and aggregated. In addition, it has the function of mineralizing organometallic compounds and the function of sorption, fixation, separation, and oxidation catalyst of metal (including heavy metal) ions, and these functions further promote the reaction.

[0035] Cationic flocculants acquire a positive charge in water, and therefore attract negatively charged particles such as colloidal particles and organic matter. They are particularly effective against organic treated materials such as activated sludge, enabling the formation of strong flocs. Furthermore, by neutralizing the charge, they suppress the repulsion between particles and lead to a state where they can easily settle, thus contributing to improved efficiency in the sedimentation and dewatering processes. Such cationic flocculants are preferably, for example, polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculants.

[0036] Anionic flocculants acquire a negative charge in water, making them more likely to bind with positively charged particles or particles whose charge has been neutralized by inorganic flocculants. In particular, combining them with inorganic flocculants such as aluminum sulfate creates a synergistic effect, enabling efficient floc formation. Such anionic flocculants are preferably, for example, polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculants.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment Coagulation separation purification material Alternatively, a finely ground mixture of clinker, which consists of limestone, silica, iron oxide, and clay, with gypsum added, may be added as the main component, consisting of natural anhydrous gypsum, which is a finely ground mixture of natural minerals mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, and powdered fine aluminum sulfate.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment Coagulation separation purification material The mixture may also contain alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides or oxides as essential components. Alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides or oxides have the function of neutralizing free acidic substances, hydrogen halides, suspended solids that dissociate and exhibit acidity, and soluble substances in polluted water by reacting with them. Such alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides or oxides may be at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium oxide.

[0039] This essential component should be added in an amount of 7 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the main components mentioned above. This ratio can be changed depending on the hydrogen ion concentration from the various acidic substances mentioned above, but if it is less than 7 parts by weight, it will be consumed in the reaction with sulfuric acid produced by the dissociation of aluminum hydroxide, one of the main components, and the neutralizing function will be weakened. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the alkalinity will become too strong (outside the pH range of 4 to 10), hindering proper aggregation and floc formation.

[0040] Therefore, it contains 50-57 parts by weight of natural anhydrous gypsum, which is a finely ground natural mineral mainly composed of anhydrous gypsum, as a cationic flocculant, 27-35 parts by weight of powdered fine aluminum sulfate, 1-4 parts by weight of polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculant, 1-4 parts by weight of polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculant, and 7-14 parts by weight of alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides. Coagulation separation purification material It is desirable to do so. Furthermore, in this embodiment Coagulation separation purification material The product is preferably provided as a uniform powder or liquid by mixing the components in the above proportions.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment Coagulation separation purification material Sodium thiosulfate and / or ferrous sulfate may be added as essential components. Sodium thiosulfate and / or ferrous sulfate have the function of first reacting actively with dissolved heavy metals to form an insoluble thiosulfate metal compound Na3 [Me(S2O3)2]. Incidentally, many metal compounds exhibit various characteristic color reactions, such as hexavalent chromium ions turning yellow, but these color reactions can be prevented by using ferrous sulfate in combination. Furthermore, if the target metal does not exhibit intense coloration, sodium thiosulfate can be used alone.

[0042] This essential component should be added in an amount of 2 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the main components mentioned above. This ratio can be changed according to the amount of heavy metals in the dissolved pollutants, but less than 2 parts by weight is insufficient for immobilizing dissolved heavy metals. Furthermore, if it exceeds 60 parts by weight, an excess of sodium thiosulfate will worsen the working environment due to malodors caused by free sulfur, and an excess of ferrous sulfate will cause the treated wastewater to take on a reddish tint, which is undesirable.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment Coagulation separation purification material Synthetic hydrotalcite may be added as an essential component. Synthetic hydrotalcite has anion exchange properties due to the presence of carbonate groups in its structure, and the carbonate groups are substituted for halogens such as fluorine and chlorine, which have a particularly strong anionizing tendency. This reaction proceeds rapidly even at dilute concentrations, and the hydrotalcite is sorbed and suspended within its structure. This suspension can be quickly separated and settled along with other suspended solids due to the coagulation function of the components of this embodiment. Synthetic hydrotalcite can be, for example, derived from the formula Mg6Al2(OH) 16 It is preferable that it be a basic carbonate represented by CO3·4H2O.

[0044] This essential component should be blended in an amount of 50 to 1500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the main components mentioned above. This blending ratio can be changed according to the amount of anionic substances in the dissolved pollutants, but less than 50 parts by weight is insufficient for the sorption, adsorption, and insolubilization of dissolved anionic substances. Furthermore, if it exceeds 1500 parts by weight, it becomes excessive for the flocculation function of the components of this invention, resulting in a prolonged suspended state and failure to separate and settle quickly, which is undesirable as it prevents the continuous discharge of supernatant water.

[0045] In this embodiment Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater As mentioned above, it is composed of a mixture of natural minerals (powder), inorganic compounds (powder), and small amounts of two types of polymeric flocculants (both in powder form) in predetermined proportions. The present invention Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater When purifying polluted wastewater, this Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewaterThe conditions for use are as follows: (1) Add the specified amount in powder form. (2) When mixing and stirring with polluted wastewater, strong stirring is desirable to make the designed reaction (decomposition, sludge conversion, fixation, coagulation, separation and sedimentation, etc.) more effective. (3) The standard amount to add is approximately 5-10% of the suspended solids (SS) of the polluted wastewater (however, if the target substance is organic matter such as algae, plankton, plants and animals and their decomposition products, surfactants, oily substances, etc., this value should be 10 times or more).

[0046] The present invention Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In the purification method using this method, the coagulation reaction is extremely rapid, and the coagulated sludge becomes even harder and denser upon agitation, allowing for separation. The separated coagulated sludge is a hydrophobic and extremely stable sludge that does not break down or redissolve. Furthermore, the coagulated and separated sludge has high dewatering properties, the odor of the dewatered sludge is reduced, it is converted into sludge similar to natural soil, and there is no re-leaching of harmful substances such as heavy metals.

[0047] The present invention relates to the above-mentioned invention Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater In this case, it is also possible to have a composition that does not include alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides among the essential components. In this case, although the performance in terms of neutralization and coagulation reactions of free acidic substances in polluted wastewater is slightly reduced, as described above. Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater It can produce an effect almost equivalent to that in the previous case. [Examples]

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0049] 1. Coagulation separation purification material Adjustment The main component is a uniform blend of 50% by weight of natural minerals (CaSO4) primarily composed of anhydrous gypsum and 35% by weight of finely powdered aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3). Next, to this main component, 4% by weight of a polyacrylamide-based cationic polymer, 4% by weight of a polyacrylic acid-based anionic polymer, and 7% by weight of an alkali metal carbonate, soda ash (Na2CO3), are added as essential components and uniformly mixed to form the present invention. Coagulation separation purification material I made adjustments.

[0050] 2. Purification treatment test of decontaminated water Adjusted as described in 1 above. Coagulation separation purification material Using this method, a purification test was conducted on decontaminated water containing radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137). In the purification test, the following was performed for 1 liter of decontaminated water. Coagulation separation purification material After adding 0.5g of the substance and stirring, the treated water that was separated by sedimentation was analyzed for radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) using a NaI(Tl) scintillation gamma-ray spectrometer LB2045 manufactured by Berthold Japan, in accordance with the Ministry of the Environment's "Guidelines for Measurement Methods of Radioactive Material Concentration, etc." Furthermore, the radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) was similarly measured in the precipitate that was separated. The measurement was performed after adding 400 ml of pure water to 2.0 g of the precipitate and stirring. Those results are shown in Figure 3.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment Coagulation separation purification material In the treated water to which the substance was added, the levels of radioactive cesium Cs-134 decreased from 308 Bq / kg to 3.2 Bq / kg, and the levels of radioactive cesium Cs-137 decreased from 625 Bq / kg to 8.6 Bq / kg, confirming a removal rate of approximately 99%. Moreover, the treated water reached a level very close to the Ministry of the Environment's management target value for radioactive substances in tap water, which is the combined value of radioactive cesium Cs-134 and Cs-137 at 10 Bq / kg. Furthermore, the deposition of radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) on the precipitate was confirmed, and high concentrations of radioactive cesium Cs-134 (23,300 Bq / kg) and radioactive cesium Cs-137 (45,300 Bq / kg) were recovered.

[0052] Thus, the above-described embodiment Coagulation, separation, and purification of polluted wastewater According to the report, it is possible to separate and remove radioactive cesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) from contaminated water, demonstrating an effect not seen with conventional coagulants.

[0053] Furthermore, the Coagulation separation purification material In principle, this product is added to polluted wastewater (or sewage) in powder form, and with very short stirring times, the pollutants are easily hydrophobicized, coagulated, and separated. Consequently, the dewatering properties of the separated sludge are greatly improved. In contrast, conventional coagulants require dissolution equipment to be added after being dissolved in water beforehand, and their solubility decreases at low temperatures, creating a burden in terms of management. Furthermore, the dewatering ability of the separated sludge is extremely poor, and its high water content makes it inefficient.

[0054] Furthermore, the Coagulation separation purification material Furthermore, the purification method using this material allows for the quick and easy purification of all types of polluted wastewater (or polluted sewage), enabling the direct discharge of supernatant water and filtrate after dewatering. The settled coagulated sludge is converted into stable sludge, simplifying the equipment as it is added in powder form, and mitigating odors through adsorption and sorption. These are just some of the many excellent benefits that can be obtained.

[0055] Although this embodiment has been described above, the above-described embodiment is merely an example to facilitate understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit its interpretation. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and any modifications, improvements, etc., to the extent that they can achieve the objective of the present invention are included in the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1 Storage unit 2. Plug for the storage compartment

Claims

1. A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising natural anhydrous gypsum, aluminum sulfate, a cationic polymer, and an anionic polymer, and consisting of a powder or liquid contained in a container.

2. A coagulation, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 1, further comprising alkali metal carbonates and / or alkaline earth metal carbonates and / or hydroxides and oxides.

3. The aforementioned alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium oxide, and is a coagulation, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater consisting of a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 2.

4. A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains 50 to 57 parts by weight of the natural anhydrous gypsum, 27 to 35 parts by weight of the aluminum sulfate, 1 to 4 parts by weight of the cationic polymer, 1 to 4 parts by weight of the anionic polymer, and 7 to 14 parts by weight of the alkali metal carbonate and / or alkaline earth metal carbonate and / or hydroxide, oxide.

5. The aforementioned cationic polymer is a polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant, and the flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in the container according to claim 4, is characterized in that the cationic polymer is a polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant.

6. The anionic polymer is a polyacrylic acid-based polymer flocculant, and the flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater consists of a powder or liquid contained in the container according to claim 4.

7. A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 4, further comprising a finely ground material consisting of limestone, silica, iron oxide, and clay, to which gypsum has been added.

8. A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 4, further comprising sodium thiosulfate and / or ferrous sulfate.

9. A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 4, further comprising synthetic hydrotalcite.

10. The aforementioned synthetic hydrotalcite is derived from the formula Mg ６ Al ２ (OH) １６ CO ３ 4H ２ A flocculant, separation, and purification agent for polluted wastewater, comprising a powder or liquid contained in a container according to claim 9, characterized in that it is a basic carbonate represented by O.

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