Fall prevention device and method

Abstract

A latching device is provided in which the relative rate of movement between members is controlled or reduced in part by eddy current formation and controlled or stopped in part by a latching mechanism. Various embodiments are described, one of which involves the use of a conductive member, at least one magnetic field, and a latch member that moves independently of the at least one conductive member prior to latching. A kinematic relationship exists between the conductive member and the at least one magnetic field, which allows the conductive member to move at different speeds relative to the magnetic field, thereby inducing eddy current drag forces due to the relative motion of the conductive member within the magnetic field. The resulting eddy current drag forces cause motion of the conductive member, engaging the conductive member with the latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] [Related Applications] This application claims priority from New Zealand Patent Application No. 627619, which is incorporated herein by reference. Described herein is a latching arrangement that controls the relative velocity between members, more particularly, a latching arrangement in which the relative velocity of movement of the members is controlled or reduced in part by eddy current formation, and is controlled or stopped in part by a latch arrangement. [Background technology]

[0002] Eddy current generation can be used in various ways to regulate the rotational speed of a member. Various devices exist, for example to control the descent of a climber in an abseil or to prevent an injurious fall, for example in a personal protective equipment scenario. Other applications using eddy current generation are the control of the payout of lines in trains, cable cars, zip-line devices and roller coasters.

[0003] One technical device is published as US2012 / 0055740. This device utilizes a rotor assembly with an arm that moves relative to the rotor. The arm itself may be conductive or magnetic, or may have a conductive or magnetic member attached to it. When a rotational force is applied to the rotor, the arm moves outward from the central axis due to centrifugal force and into a magnetic (or conductive) field. As the arm moves through the field, eddy currents are generated, the strength of which depends on the rotation speed. When the rotation speed decreases, the arm is pulled back towards the axis of rotation by a spring and / or due to a reduction in the centrifugal force acting on the arm. This device is widely used and provides an excellent means of changing the relative speed of the parts, but there is no mechanism to completely stop the relative motion of the parts.

[0004] Applications involving both slowing and completely stopping relative motion may exist in seat belt assemblies used in vehicles or in industrial personal fall safety devices for slowing and stopping a human fall from a height. Seat belt engineering designs often use, for example, centrifugal clutch mechanisms where, as the belt or webbing is pulled from the spool at high speed, a weighted pivoting lever moves outward from the spool and engages a cam piece attached to the spool housing, which stops the lever from moving relative to the housing and prevents further release of the belt from the spool. This system has been widely used and has saved many lives, but it has no redundancy and if the lever fails the belt is useless. Secondly, the motion is a sudden stop with no gradual slowing effect, sometimes resulting in injury at the point where the belt is crossing the wearer. Seat belts may also sometimes engage when not desired, such as when the vehicle is stopped or not moving. In industrial fall safety products, which are often worn for long periods of time, malfunctions can be frustrating and tiring for the wearer. A common problem with these technology devices with stop latches is that there are few ways to adjust the braking response, potentially resulting in false activation.

[0005] As can be appreciated, providing a simple means of both slowing and stopping relative motion by both the eddy current effect and a latching arrangement can be useful, or at least give the public an option.

[0006] Further aspects and advantages of the latch arrangement will become apparent from the following description, which is given by way of example only. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Described herein is a latching arrangement in which the relative rate of motion between members is controlled or reduced in part by eddy current formation, and in part by a latching mechanism to control or stop the relative motion.

[0008] In a first aspect, At least one conductive member; At least one magnetic field; at least one latching member that moves independently of said at least one conductive member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one conductive member and the at least one magnetic field that, when a biasing force is applied, allows the at least one conductive member to move at different speeds relative to the at least one magnetic field, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one conductive member within the at least one magnetic field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one conductive member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one conductive member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member; A latching device is provided.

[0009] In a second aspect, at least one magnetic member; a field due to at least one conductor; at least one latching member that moves independently of the at least one magnetic member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one conductive field that allows the at least one magnetic member to move at different velocities relative to the at least one conductive field when a biasing force is applied, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one magnetic member within the at least one conductive field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one magnetic member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one magnetic member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one latch member; A latching device is provided.

[0010] In a third aspect, there is provided a line dispensing device incorporating a line that is stretched and retracted, the line being operably coupled to at least one latching device substantially as described above.

[0011] In a fourth aspect, a passenger seat restraint system is provided incorporating a stretchable and retractable webbing, the webbing being operably coupled to at least one latch device substantially as described above.

[0012] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a vehicle incorporating at least one wheel, the wheel operatively coupled to at least one latch device substantially as described above.

[0013] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a zip line incorporating at least one latch device substantially as described above.

[0014] Moreover, many other device applications may also be possible, as outlined in the following description.

[0015] One advantage of the above device includes the ability to control the relative speed between the parts in a dual manner to produce a slowing and stopping effect. The magnitude of the damping effect can be adjusted between two extremes, from a highly dominant eddy current induced damping effect with a slight latching damping effect at one end, to a small eddy current induced damping effect with a strong latching damping effect at the other end. The adjustment can have the effect of avoiding abrupt stopping, and therefore a more gradual stopping effect can be implemented. A more gradual release post stopping can also be used. In addition, by using dual relative speed control means, there is redundancy, so if one control method fails the other is still implemented, thereby providing an additional layer of safety. Another further advantage of the above device is the extensive ability to control and modify the latching response, which means that the device can be used in a wide range of different modes and applications, and minimises the possibility of malfunction. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] Further aspects of the latch arrangement will become apparent from the following description, given by way of example only and referring to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Figure 1] A side view of one embodiment of a latching device is shown in three configurations: undamped (solid lines), eddy current induced damping only (dashed lines), and latched (dotted lines). [Diagram 2] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a rotating body member and pivoting pawls. [Diagram 3] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a rotating body member and sliding pawls. FIG. [Figure 4] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a rotating body member and pivoting pawls. [Diagram 5] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a rotating body member and sliding pawls. FIG. [Figure 6] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a sliding body member and pivoting pawl. [Figure 7]13A-13C show side views of an alternative embodiment incorporating a sliding body member and sliding pawl. [Figure 8] 13A shows a side view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a sliding body member and pivoting pawl. [Figure 9] 13A-13C show side views of an alternative embodiment incorporating a sliding body member and sliding pawl. [Figure 10] 13 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment incorporating a tube that rotates and translates into a cylinder. [Figure 11] 1 shows a schematic side view of a particular embodiment useful in a line payout device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] As noted above, a latching arrangement is described herein in which the relative rate of motion between members is controlled or reduced in part by eddy current formation, and in part by a latching mechanism to control or stop relative motion.

[0018] For purposes of this specification, the terms "about" or "approximately" and grammatical variations thereof mean an amount, level, degree, value, number, frequency, percentage, dimension, size, amount, weight, or length that varies by at most 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, or 1% from a reference amount, level, degree, value, number, frequency, percentage, dimension, size, amount, weight, or length.

[0019] The term "substantially" or grammatical variations thereof refers to at least about 50%, such as 75%, 85%, 95% or 98%.

[0020] The term "comprises" and grammatical variations thereof are intended to have an inclusive meaning, i.e., to be interpreted as meaning to include not only the recited component to which it directly refers, but also other unspecified components or elements.

[0021] The term "energizing force" refers to a force that imparts a velocity of motion to an object.

[0022] In a first aspect, At least one conductive member; At least one magnetic field; at least one latching member that moves independently of the at least one conductive member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one conductive member and the at least one magnetic field that, upon application of a biasing force, allows the at least one conductive member to move at different speeds relative to the at least one magnetic field, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one conductive member within the at least one magnetic field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one conductive member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one conductive member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member; A latching device is provided.

[0023] In a second aspect, at least one magnetic member; a field due to at least one conductor (conductor field); at least one latching member that moves independently of the at least one magnetic member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one conductive field that, upon application of a biasing force, allows the at least one magnetic member to move at different velocities relative to the at least one conductive field, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one magnetic member within the at least one conductive field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one magnetic member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one magnetic member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one latch member; A latching device is provided.

[0024] As will be appreciated, the magnetic flux interactions may be interchanged, where in one embodiment, a conductive member engages the latch member, or alternatively, a magnetic member engages the latch member. For simplicity of explanation and to avoid redundancy, an embodiment in which a conductive member engages a latch member will be omitted, but this should not be considered limiting and parts may be interchanged as above.

[0025] When the biasing force falls below a predetermined level, the at least one conductive member can be released from the at least one latch member and relative movement between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member can occur. Alternatively, a force can be applied to cause the release.

[0026] Prior to application of the biasing force, the at least one conductive member can be located at least partially within the at least one magnetic field.

[0027] Prior to the application of the biasing force, the at least one conductive member can be located outside of the at least one magnetic field, and a further motion input can move the at least one conductive member into the magnetic field. (a) a centrifugal force acting on at least one conductive member or at least one magnetic field; (b) inertial response due to acceleration of a conductive member; (c) a biasing mechanism that attracts or pushes together at least one conductive member or at least one magnetic field; (d) at least one mechanical drive mechanism that together drive the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field; (e) and the combination of the above further motor inputs You can choose from.

[0028] The induced eddy current drag force may cause a linear and / or rotational translation of at least one conductive member relative to a line or point that is inclined or offset, respectively, from a line of action of the eddy current induced drag force.

[0029] At least one conductive member may move at least partially orthogonally relative to a direction of motion of the conductive members defined by the kinematic relationship and / or pivotally relative to the magnetic field when a biasing force is applied.

[0030] The dynamics of motion of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field can be adjusted by changing the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field, i.e., the size, weight, center of mass, location on the member, location within the member, whether the conductive forms only a part or all of the member, and the speed of motion and inertia of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field are adjusted. As an example, the conductive member can take on various shapes or weights, factors that affect the speed of motion of the member. The magnetic field can be, for example, continuous or spaced or of varying dimensions, thereby adjusting the magnetic flux generation. The conductive part of the conductive member can be the entire member or only a part of it. If only a part of the member is conductive, the location of the conductive part, either on the outside, inside or on the part of the member, can be changed.

[0031] The movement of the conductive member can be direct, i.e. the conductive member moves directly due to the biasing force. The conductive member can instead move at least partially indirectly or vicariously due to the biasing force, which causes at least one additional mechanical part or kinetic means to move or interact with the conductive member, which in turn causes the conductive member to move. The indirect means can be a dynamic force transmission through another part, such as a coupling or gear, or a centrifugal force acting on the conductive member by a direct force on another part. Indirect or vicariously force transmission can have the advantage that the biasing force can be amplified, thereby modifying the magnetic flux interaction.

[0032] The static or dynamic adjustment of the position and / or strength of the point of application of the eddy current induced force may also include: (a) adjusting the position of the magnetic element or conductive region on the trigger member as the trigger member or first member moves; and / or (b) adjusting the position of the magnetic element or conductive region on the first member as the trigger member or the first member moves; It can be completed by:

[0033] As an example, the trigger member may comprise a slot, and a portion of the trigger member comprising a magnetic element or conductive region moves within the slot as a biasing force is applied and the trigger member moves as a whole. This additional means of adjusting the motion may be useful to further modify the dynamics and therefore the means by which the parts interact. For example, in a rotational motion embodiment, if the trigger member induces an eddy current drag on the overall system motion, position adjustments may affect both the eddy current drag and the position, which in turn may change the resistive torque on the trigger member. In a linear motion embodiment, position adjustments would affect the eddy current forces generated.

[0034] The dynamics of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field may also include (a) a biasing mechanism that resists or biases movement of at least one conductive member and / or at least one magnetic field relative to one another; (b) resisting the movement of at least one conductive member and / or at least one magnetic field relative to one another; or (c) at least one mechanical drive mechanism that together drive the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field; The method can be adjusted by using at least one of the following:

[0035] The at least one conductive member can be attached to a body member that moves at least partially with the at least one conductive member, and when the at least one conductive member engages the at least one latch member, movement of the body member can also be stopped relative to the at least one latch member.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the conductive members can be attached to a stationary body member, and the latch members and magnetic field move relative to the conductive members, and when at least one conductive member engages the latch members, movement of the latch members stops relative to the body member.

[0037] The at least one conductive member may be at least one pawl, and the movement of the at least one conductive member may include: (a) Rotation axis, (b) Translation line (c) A combination of rotation axis and translation line, is limited by

[0038] The at least one pawl may be oriented in a plane that is inclined relative to an orthogonal plane from a direction of motion of the pawl within the at least one magnetic field.

[0039] The axis of rotation or translation may be attached to the body member.

[0040] The body member may be a rotor, and the at least one pawl is rotatably and pivotally attached to the rotor such that the rotor rotates about a rotor axis upon application of a biasing force.

[0041] At least one pawl may be attached to the rotor at a point offset from the rotor axis.

[0042] The body member may be a slider and the at least one pawl may be rotationally and pivotally attached to the slider, the slider translating along a path upon application of a biasing force.

[0043] At least a portion of a surface of the at least one conductive member or portion thereof may interact with at least a portion of a surface of the at least one latch member or portion thereof.

[0044] The surfaces are capable of frictional engagement.

[0045] One or both of the surfaces may be configured to physically restrain the members in engagement.

[0046] The at least one conductive member can be retained in engagement with the at least one latch member after the biasing force is removed.

[0047] The at least one conductive member is capable of moving through a restricted path relative to the at least one magnetic field upon application of a biasing force.

[0048] The path may be restricted through the use of openings in the conductive members that define the range of motion and stops that act as latching members that define one or more distal points of motion.

[0049] As mentioned above, there are two braking effects, one from the induced eddy currents and the other from the engagement of the latch. As will be appreciated, the magnitude of the braking effect can be adjusted between two extremes, from a highly dominant eddy current induced braking effect accompanied by a minor latch braking effect, to the opposite extreme, with a small eddy current induced braking effect accompanied by a strong latch braking effect. As an example, an automatic belay device can incorporate the latch device described above. In this example, the eddy current braking effect is strongest and the latch braking effect is secondary, with the purpose of initially slowing down the descent and then completely stopping the descent. In an alternative embodiment, the eddy current braking effect can be very small, but just enough to move the pawl to engage the latch member, which then creates the main braking effect. An example where this embodiment can be used can be a seat belt in an automobile.

[0050] The relative motion between the first member and at least the third member can be frictionless. The magnetic forces and any subsequent forces acting on the first member, such as the inductive forces described above, can avoid frictional contact. This can be useful to minimize mechanical wear on the parts.

[0051] In one embodiment, the motion between the parts can be primarily governed by dynamic forces. The device can be one without liquid fluid, with all motion between the parts resulting from dynamic forces. Alternatively, the device can have some liquid fluid present, but the primary biasing force on the device members can be dynamic forces. There are also liquid-based systems that utilize magnetism to alter the kinematic relationships, but these devices differ from the devices described herein in that they are often bi-stable, i.e., the parts are stable in only two positions. In addition, the motion relies primarily or entirely on forces or pressures accumulated from the liquid fluid, as opposed to relying primarily on dynamic forces. Liquid-based devices also have inherent difficulties associated with sealing the liquid, and require more regular maintenance to ensure reliable operation.

[0052] In a third aspect, there is provided a line payout device incorporating a stretched and retracted line, the line operatively coupled to at least one latch device substantially as described above. Line payout devices, such as automatic belay devices, are widely used to prevent falls in both recreational and industrial applications. In some cases, a latch mechanism that stops further release of the line from the automatic belay device can be critical.

[0053] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a passenger seat restraint incorporating a stretchable and retractable webbing operably coupled to at least one latch device substantially as described above. An example of a passenger seat restraint may be a seat belt used in a vehicle such as an automobile. Seat belts are a critical safety feature and the above-described device may provide a useful alternative to existing designs, particularly given the ability to tailor response in various manners as described above.

[0054] In a fifth embodiment, there is provided a vehicle incorporating at least one wheel, the wheel being operatively coupled to at least one latching device substantially as described above for arresting movement of the vehicle. An example of a vehicle using a latching device may be a baggage carrier used in the mining industry, such as a coal train carriage. The wheel may include a latch mechanism as described above to prevent the carrier from unwanted movement, such as downhill.

[0055] In a sixth embodiment, there is provided a zip line incorporating at least one latch device substantially as described above. In this application, the latch may be useful as an emergency feature to stop excessive movement or to prevent the zip line from moving in the opposite direction, for example.

[0056] The above examples should not be considered limiting, as the described device can be used in a variety of other applications, and non-limiting examples include: Rotary turbine rotors Exercise equipment, e.g. rowing machines, epicyclic trainers Roller coasters and other amusement rides Elevator and escalator systems ·Evacuation descent devices and fire escape devices Conveyor system Rotation drive units in factory production equipment Braking devices in material transport devices such as conveyor belts or chutes Dynamic display signage that controls the speed of change of rotating signs Roadside safety systems, e.g. eddy current braking, can be connected to the system to provide crash damping through energy dissipation by braking. Seat belts in the vehicle Braking mechanisms for trolleys and carriages Includes speed control.

[0057] As noted above, one advantage of the latch device described above is the ability to control the relative velocity between the parts in two ways to create a slowing and stopping effect. This has the effect of avoiding an abrupt stop, and therefore a more gradual stopping effect can be achieved. Additionally, by using two means of relative velocity control, redundancy can be built in, so that if one method of control fails the other will still be implemented. A further advantage is the wide range of ways to adjust the latch response by changing the kinematic relationship between the parts. The wide range of adjustments makes the device useful in a wide range of applications.

[0058] The above-described embodiments can be broadly described as consisting in any or all of the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated in the specification of this application, individually or collectively, and combinations of two or more of such parts, elements or features, and when a specific integer having a known equivalent range in the technical field to which the embodiments pertain is referred to herein, such known equivalent range is deemed to be incorporated in this specification as if it were individually set forth.

[0059] When a specific integer having a known equivalent range in the technical field to which the present invention pertains is referred to in this specification, such known equivalent range is deemed to be incorporated into this specification as if it were individually set forth. EXAMPLES

[0060] The above-described latch arrangement will now be described with reference to a specific example.

[0061] For ease of illustration in the examples, only a single conductive member is typically shown, although it should be appreciated that multiple conductive members may be used.

[0062] The magnetic field and latching member are shown generally as continuous regions for the sake of redundancy. The magnetic field may be, for example, a series of discrete magnets or may simply be one magnet. Similarly, the latching member may take on a variety of shapes or surface contours, and only a limited number of examples are shown for clarity.

[0063] In the examples, a particular movement of, for example, the conductive member may be shown, but it should be recognized that the magnetic field and / or latching member may also move, or the conductive member may remain fixed while the magnetic field and / or latching member moves, as will be recognized, it is the relative difference in velocity between the conductive member and the associated magnetic field.

[0064] Finally, the conductive members and magnetic fields in the following examples can be reversed and the same results will be achieved.

[0065] Example 1 As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 1, the latching device 1 of the illustrated embodiment is shown as comprising a conductive member 2 that moves relative to a magnetic field 3 in this illustrated example, and a latch member 4 .

[0066] The conductive member 2 shown is attached to a rotor 5 acting as a body member. The rotor 5 rotates in a clockwise direction A in this example about an axis 6. When the conductive member 2 receives a rotational force from the rotor 5, it can rotate in a direction B about a pivot axis 7 that is eccentric from the rotor axis 6. The conductive member 2 can have a center of mass 8 offset from the pivot axis 7. The latch member 4 can have one or more protrusions 9 that mate with the conductive member 2. In use, a force is applied to the rotor 5, such as stretching a line (not shown), which exerts a rotational force on the rotor 5. As rotational acceleration occurs, an inertial force is exerted on the conductive member 2. The biasing force interacts with the inertia of the conductive member 2 to pivot the conductive member 2 about the pivot axis 7 relative to the rotor 5. Other modifications can be used to affect the movement of the conductive member 2, such as a biasing member (not shown) that either biases or retards the movement of the conductive member 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the motion in direction B can be from a point outside the magnetic field 3, shown in line form as item 2A. The motion can then be by rotation about axis 7, with a portion of the conductive member 2 moving into the magnetic field 3 to position 2B marked with dashed lines, which is a continuum from point 2A to point 2C, provided that at least a portion of the conductive member 2 is inside the magnetic field 3. As the conductive member 2 enters the magnetic field 3, an eddy current drag effect (not shown) is created against the motion of the conductive member 2 inside the magnetic field 3. This drag urges further pivotal motion of the conductive member 2 about axis of rotation 7 relative to the rotor 5, until it reaches position 2C marked with dotted lines, where at least a portion of the conductive member 2 engages with the latch 4. The engagement can simply be two surfaces (a portion of the conductive member 2 and a portion of the latch 4) abutting against each other and / or via friction, preventing further motion, or (as shown) an edge 10 of the conductive member 2 engages with a physical constraint, such as a protrusion 9, as shown in FIG. 1. Once engaged, movement of the conductive member 2 is stopped relative to the latch member 4. In the illustrated embodiment of the latch device 1, engagement of the conductive member 2 with the latch member 4 also stops movement of the body member or rotor 5. For example, if a line is coupled to the rotor 5, engagement of the conductive member 2 with the latch member 4 will stop payout of the line.In the illustrated embodiment, the rotational force on the rotor 5 is removed or reduced, causing the latch 4 to release, allowing the conductive member 2 to return to the starting position 2 A. Alternatively, the latch member 4 and conductive member 2 can be held engaged, for example by friction and / or by magnets of opposite polarity (not shown) and / or by mechanical interlocking, until a biasing force is applied to separate the parts 2, 4.

[0067] The above kinematic relationship between the parts 2, 4 can be modified.

[0068] For example, the conductive member 2 may be placed in a neutral position 2B that is already partially within the magnetic field 3. Alternatively, the center of mass 8 of the conductive member 2 may be located at a point offset from the pivot axis 7 of the conductive member 2, thereby generating a larger rotational moment for the conductive member 2 about the pivot axis 7, particularly when eddy current drag forces act on the center of mass 8.

[0069] The kinematic relationships can also be altered by changing the size, weight and / or center of mass of the conductive members 2 or magnetic field 3 to adjust the speed of motion and inertia of the conductive members 2 and / or magnetic field 3.

[0070] Example 2 2, the conductive member 2 can take on various shapes to suit the desired kinematics, and the conductive member 2 can be mounted in various positions, which also change the kinematics. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the conductive member 2 still rotates about the axis 7, but in the illustrated embodiment, the conductive member 2 is already in the magnetic field 3 to some degree, regardless of the position of the conductive member 2 relative to the pivot axis 7, due to the shape of the member 2 and the position of the pivot axis 7.

[0071] Example 3 3 shows a further embodiment in which the conductive member 2 takes the form of a rod that translates along a translation line indicated by XX into and out of an opening (not shown) in the body member 5. Rotation of the body member 5 about axis A can translate the rod 2 out of the opening such that one end of the rod 2 abuts and engages the latch member 4. This example also illustrates how the conductive member 2 can take on different shapes and configurations, and that the movement of the conductive member 2 can be about an axis of rotation, as in examples 1 and 2, or translational, as in this example.

[0072] Example 4 4 shows a further embodiment of the latch device 1. In this embodiment, the body member 5 and conductive member 2 are placed on the outer circumference of a rotating magnetic field 3 and latch member 4, with the axis of rotation being item 6 and the direction of motion being clockwise. When a biasing force is applied, the conductive member 2 moves about the axis of rotation 7, causing at least a portion of the conductive member 2 to move into the magnetic field 3, where an eddy current drag force (not shown) is induced, urging the conductive member 2 to rotate until the member 2 engages the latch member 4, stopping the relative rotation of the latch member 4 and the magnetic field 3.

[0073] Example 5 As shown in Figure 5, the same principle as shown in Figure 4 can be applied using the rod 5 first discussed in Figure 3 above. In this example, the body member 5 and rod 2 are fixed in position on a portion of the periphery of the device 1, and the magnetic field 3 and latch member 4 rotate in direction A about axis 6. Note that the rod 2 is offset in an oblique direction relative to the direction of rotation to allow the rod 2 to translate out of (and back into) the body member 5.

[0074] Example 6 Referring to FIG. 6, an alternative embodiment is shown in which linear motion is used as opposed to the rotational motion illustrated in the above embodiment.

[0075] Body member 5 moves along a plane in direction YY. Conductive member 2 is shown as a pawl, in this case fixed to body member 5 at one end attached to pivot axis 7. As body member 5 moves in linear direction YY, conductive member 2 moves into magnetic field 3 and is urged by eddy current drag to rotate about axis 7 until conductive member 2, or a portion thereof, abuts and engages latch member 4, thereby preventing further movement of body member 5 and conductive member 2 relative to latch member 4.

[0076] Example 7 Figure 7 shows an embodiment similar to that of Figure 6, this time using a rod as the conductive member 2, which translates along a line XX instead of rotating about an axis. As the body member 5 moves in a linear direction YY, the rod 2 is pulled out of the body member 5 due to eddy current induced drag caused by the movement of the rod 2 in the magnetic field 3 until it engages the latch member 4.

[0077] Example 8 Figure 8 shows an embodiment similar to that described in Example 6, except that in Figure 8 the magnetic field 3 and latch member 4 move in a linear direction YY, while the pawl-shaped conductive member 2 and body member 5 remain stationary relative to the movement in direction YY. The movement of the magnetic field 3 urges movement of the conductive member 2 about axis 7 until it engages with the latch member 4, at which point the relative motion is stopped.

[0078] Example 9 9 shows an embodiment of Example 8, but this time using a rod-shaped conductive member 2 as described in the previous embodiment. As will be appreciated, the shape of the conductive member 2 can be varied even in this scenario of a stationary body member 5 and a moving magnetic field 3 and latch member 4.

[0079] Example 10 Fig. 10 shows a further variation of the latching device 1. In this embodiment, the conductive member 2 is formed as a tube. The tube 2 can move in rotation around a direction B and can translate in a linear direction A along the axis of rotation. The tube 2 can move in translation direction A into a magnet or magnetized cylinder 3. The relative variation of motion between the tube 2 and the cylinder 3 induces eddy current drag, which slows the rotation of the tube 2 relative to the magnetized cylinder 3 until the pawl 20 engages with the latch 4, which in this example is a mating recess inside the cylinder 3, into which the pawl 20 meshes. The translational movement of the tube 2 can be powered by a drive mechanism such as a threaded shaft 30.

[0080] Example 11 FIG. 11 shows a further variation, this time using a spring 120 to help regulate the dynamics of the conductive members 106. The device 1 includes three conductive members biased towards a retracted position, in this example around the rotor 300 axis of rotation. The conductive members have a pivot axis 500 about which they move when a rotational force is applied around the axis of rotation. The outward movement of the conductive members 106 brings them into a magnetic field region 200, which is generated from a series of magnets 200 around the periphery of the region through which the conductive members 106 pass. At a predetermined point, one or more conductive members 106 engage with a latch member 400, shown in this example as a protrusion 401 that engages one side of the one or more conductive members 106. This particular embodiment is useful in fall protection devices, where the rotor 300 can be coupled with a spool and line. Under normal use, the wearer is able to pull the line off the spool because the pulling force on the line is not enough to overcome the bias of the spring 120. In the event of a fall or sudden line pull, the rotation transmitted to the rotor shaft 300 causes the conductive member 106 to overcome the bias and pull until it engages the latch member 400. Upon engagement, a fall can be prevented by preventing further payout of the line from the spool, thus halting the wearer's fall. By adjusting the speed at which one or more latch members 400 are engaged, false trips can be avoided. Additionally, eddy current induced drag can be used to slow the payout prior to a complete stop, thereby buffering the braking effect.

[0081] Aspects of the latch arrangement have been described for purposes of example only, and it will be appreciated that modifications and additions can be made without departing from the scope of the claims herein. [Item of invention] [Item 1] At least one conductive member; At least one magnetic field; at least one latching member that moves independently of said at least one conductive member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one conductive member and the at least one magnetic field that, upon application of a biasing force, allows the at least one conductive member to move at different speeds relative to the at least one magnetic field, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one conductive member within the at least one magnetic field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one conductive member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one conductive member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member. Latch device. [Item 2] 2. The latch device of claim 1, wherein when the biasing force falls below a predetermined level, the at least one conductive member is released from the at least one latch member, allowing relative movement between the at least one conductive member and the at least one latch member. [Item 3] 3. The latch device of claim 1, wherein the at least one conductive member is at least partially located within the at least one magnetic field before the biasing force is applied. [Item 4] 3. The latch device of claim 1, wherein before the biasing force is applied, the at least one conductive member is located outside the at least one magnetic field, and further motion input moves the at least one conductive member into the magnetic field. [Item 5] The further movement input: (a) a centrifugal force acting on the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field; (b) inertial response due to acceleration of the conductive member; (c) a biasing mechanism that attracts or pushes together the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field; (d) at least one mechanical drive mechanism that drives the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field together; (e) and combinations of further motor inputs as above 5. The latch device according to item 4, selected from: [Item 6] 6. The latch device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the induced eddy current drag force causes a linear and / or rotational translation of the at least one conductive member relative to a line or point that is inclined or offset, respectively, from a line of action of the induced eddy current drag force. [Item 7] 7. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the at least one conductive member moves at least partially orthogonally to a direction of movement of the conductive member defined by the kinematic relationship and / or pivotally relative to the magnetic field when the biasing force is applied. [Item 8] 8. The latch device according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the dynamics of motion of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field are adjusted by modifying the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field, i.e. by changing the size, weight, center of mass, location on a member, location within a member, whether the conductivity forms only a part or all of the member, to adjust the speed of motion and inertia relative to the motion of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field. [Item 9] 9. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the conductive member moves due directly to the biasing force. [Item 10] 9. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the conductive member moves at least in part indirectly due to the biasing force, and the biasing force causes at least one additional mechanical part or kinetic means to move or interact with the conductive member, thereby subsequently causing the movement of the conductive member. [Item 11] 11. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the adjustment of the static or dynamic position and / or strength of the point of application of the induced eddy current force is also accomplished by adjusting the position of the conductive member or a conductive region on the conductive member as the magnetic field moves. [Item 12] Item 12. The apparatus of any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the relative motion between the at least one first member and the one or more third members is frictionless motion. [Item 13] 13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the motion between the members is governed primarily by dynamic forces. [Item 14] The dynamics of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field may also include (a) a biasing mechanism that resists or biases movement of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field relative to one another; (b) a centrifugal input that resists or biases the movement of the at least one conductive member and / or the at least one magnetic field relative to one another; (c) at least one mechanical drive mechanism that drives the at least one conductive member or the at least one magnetic field together; 14. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the latch device is adjusted by using at least one of the following: [Item 15] 15. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the at least one conductive member is attached to a body member that moves at least partially with the at least one conductive member, and when the at least one conductive member engages the at least one latch member, movement of the body member also stops relative to the at least one latch member. [Item 16] 15. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the conductive members are attached to a stationary body member, the latch members and the magnetic field move relative to the conductive members, and when the at least one conductive member engages the latch member, movement of the latch member stops relative to the body member. [Item 17] The at least one conductive member is at least one claw, and the movement of the at least one conductive member comprises: (a) Rotation axis, (b) Translation line (c) A combination of rotation axis and translation line, 17. The latch device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein [Item 18] Item 18. The latch apparatus of item 17, wherein the at least one pawl is oriented in a plane that is tilted relative to an orthogonal plane from a direction of motion of the pawl within the at least one magnetic field. [Item 19] 19. The latch device according to item 17 or 18, wherein the axis of rotation or the line of translation is provided on the body member. [Item 20] 20. The latch device of claim 19, wherein the body member is a rotor, the at least one pawl is rotatably and pivotally attached to the rotor, and the rotor rotates about a rotor axis when the biasing force is applied. [Item 21] 21. The latch arrangement of claim 20, wherein the at least one pawl is attached to the rotor at a point offset from the rotor axis. [Item 22] 22. The latch apparatus of claim 21, wherein the body member is a slider, the at least one pawl is rotationally and pivotally attached to the slider, and the slider translates along a path upon application of the biasing force. [Item 23] 23. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein at least a portion of a surface of the at least one conductive member or a portion thereof interacts with at least a portion of a surface of the at least one latch member or a portion thereof. [Item 24] Item 24. The latch device of item 23, wherein the surfaces frictionally engage each other. [Item 25] 24. The latch arrangement of claim 23, wherein one or both of the surfaces are configured to physically restrain the members in an engaged state. [Item 26] 26. The latch device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the at least one conductive member is held in an engaged state with the at least one latch member after the biasing force is removed. [Item 27] 27. The latch device of any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the at least one conductive member moves through a restricted path relative to the at least one magnetic field when a biasing force is applied. [Item 28] 28. The latching device of claim 27, wherein the path is restricted by the use of openings in the conductive members that define a range of motion and stops that act as latching members that define one or more distal points of motion. [Item 29] at least one magnetic member; a field due to at least one conductor; and at least one latching member that moves independently of said at least one magnetic member prior to latching; a kinematic relationship between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one conductor field that allows the at least one magnetic member to move at different velocities relative to the at least one conductor field when a biasing force is applied, thereby inducing an eddy current drag force due to the relative motion of the at least one magnetic member within the at least one conductor field; Equipped with the eddy current resistance causes motion of the at least one magnetic member relative to a point or line, causing at least a portion of the at least one magnetic member or a member derived therefrom to engage with the at least one latch member, thereby stopping motion between the at least one magnetic member and the at least one latch member. Latch device. [Item 30] 30. The latch device of claim 29, wherein the at least one magnetic member is attached to a body member that moves at least partially with the at least one magnetic member, and when the at least one magnetic member engages the at least one latch member, movement of the body member also stops relative to the at least one latch member. [Item 31] 30. The latch device of claim 29, wherein the magnetic member is attached to a stationary body member, the field due to the latch member and the conductor moves relative to the magnetic member, and when the at least one magnetic member engages the latch member, movement of the latch member relative to the body member stops. [Item 32] 32. The apparatus of any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the adjustment of the static or dynamic position and / or strength of the point of application of the induced eddy current force is also accomplished by adjusting the position of the magnetic member or a magnetic element on the magnetic member as the field due to the conductor moves. [Item 33] The at least one magnetic member is at least one pawl, and the movement of the at least one magnetic member comprises: (a) Rotation axis, (b) Translation line (c) A combination of rotation axis and translation line, 33. The latch device according to any one of items 29 to 32, limited by the following: [Item 34] Item 34. The latch device according to any one of items 29 to 33, wherein at least a portion of a surface of the at least one magnetic member or a portion thereof interacts with at least a portion of a surface of the at least one latch member or a portion thereof. [Item 35] Item 35. The latch device according to any one of items 29 to 34, wherein the at least one magnetic member is held in an engaged state with the at least one latch member after the biasing force is removed. [Item 36] 36. The latch device according to any one of claims 29 to 35, wherein the at least one magnetic member moves through a restricted path relative to a field generated by the at least one conductor when a biasing force is applied thereto. [Item 37] Item 37. The latch device of item 36, wherein the path is restricted by the use of an opening in the magnetic member that defines a range of motion and a stop that acts as a latch member to define one or more distal points of motion. [Item 38] Item 38. A line payout device incorporating at least one latch device according to any one of items 1 to 37. [Item 39] A passenger seat restraint system incorporating at least one latch device according to any one of items 1 to 37. [Item 40] 38. A vehicle incorporating at least one latch device according to any one of items 1 to 37 for stopping movement of the vehicle. [Item 41] Item 38. A zip line incorporating at least one latch device according to any one of items 1 to 37.

Claims

1. A fall prevention device (FIG. 11), A rotor (300) having a central axis of rotation and connected to a spool and a line; a stator (400) including at least one first latch element (401); a second latch element (106) coupled to the rotor and configured to rotate relative to the rotor about a pivot axis (500) offset from a rotation axis of the rotor; a biasing member (120) for biasing the second latch element (106) toward a retracted position about the rotor axis of rotation; It is equipped with below a predetermined speed, rapidity, or acceleration of line stretching, said line is allowed to unwind from said spool and said rotor (300) because the stretching force on said line is not sufficient to overcome the biasing force of said biasing member (120); above a predetermined speed, rapidity, or acceleration of the line elongation, the line induced rotation of the spool and rotor (300) about the rotor axis causes the second latch element (106) to overcome the biasing force and rotate about a pivot axis until the second latch element (106) engages the stator first latch element (401), upon which the stator (400) and rotor (300) can no longer move independently and further payout of the line from the spool is stopped; the second latch element (106) is a conductor or has a conductive material; a first latch element (401) of the stator, said first latch element (401) being engaged with said rotor by said second latch element (106) and said second latch element (106) being engaged with said rotor by said first latch element (401), and a second latch element (106) being engaged with said rotor by said first latch element (401), said first latch element (401) being engaged with said rotor by said first latch element (401).

2. A fall prevention device (FIG. 11), A rotor (300) having a central axis of rotation and connected to a spool and a line; a stator (400) including at least one first latch element (401); a second latch element (106) coupled to the rotor and configured to rotate relative to the rotor about a pivot axis (500) offset from a rotation axis of the rotor; a biasing member (120) for biasing the second latch element (106) toward a retracted position about the rotor axis of rotation; It is equipped with below a predetermined speed, rapidity, or acceleration of line stretching, said line is allowed to unwind from said spool and said rotor (300) because the stretching force on said line is not sufficient to overcome the biasing force of said biasing member (120); above a predetermined speed, rapidity, or acceleration of the line elongation, the line induced rotation of the spool and rotor (300) about the rotor axis causes the second latch element (106) to overcome the biasing force and rotate about a pivot axis until the second latch element (106) engages the stator first latch element (401), upon which the stator (400) and rotor (300) can no longer move independently and further payout of the line from the spool is stopped; the second latch element (106) is or has a magnet; a first latch element (401) of the stator, the second latch element (106) being engaged with a first latch element (401) of the stator by a first latch element (401) on the stator, the first latch element (401) being engaged with a second latch element (106) of the stator, the first latch element (401) being engaged with a second latch element (106) of the stator, the first latch element (401) being engaged with a first latch element (401 ...

3. The fall prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first latch element is a protrusion.

4. The fall prevention device according to claim 3 , wherein the stator or a portion of the stator is provided with a plurality of protrusions.

5. 3. A fall prevention device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one side of the first latch element of the stator engages with an opposing side of the second latch element.

6. 2. The fall protection device of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field field is formed from a series of magnets arranged around a periphery of the area through which the second latch element passes.

7. 3. The fall protection device of claim 2, wherein the conductor region is formed from one or more conductive materials disposed around a periphery of an area through which the second latch element passes.

8. The fall protection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fall protection device comprises a plurality of second latch elements.

9. 9. The fall protection apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second latch elements snap together into a retracted position when movement of the fall protection apparatus falls below a predetermined speed, rapid movement, or acceleration of the line extension.

10. 10. The fall protection device of claim 9, wherein the plurality of second latch elements are disposed within a diameter of the rotor in the retracted position.

11. 3. A fall protection device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fall protection device comprises three second latch elements.

12. A fall prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pivot axis of the second latch element is parallel to the axis of the rotor.

13. 3. A fall prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bias member is a spring.

14. 14. The fall protection device of claim 13, wherein the fall protection device comprises a plurality of springs.

15. 3. A fall protection device as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the predetermined speed, rapidity, or force of the line extension is set based on an expected speed, rapidity, or acceleration of the pull associated with a person falling while attached to the line.

16. A method for drawing out a line from the spool of a fall prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising the steps of: applying a line stretching speed, rapidity, or acceleration to the line that is below a predetermined value, providing a stretching force to the line that is insufficient to overcome the biasing force of the biasing member, thereby causing the line to be pulled from the spool and rotor; or subjecting the line to a line-draw speed, rapid movement, or acceleration that exceeds the predetermined value, whereby rotation of the spool and rotor about the rotor axis induced by the line causes the second latch element to overcome the biasing force and rotate about a pivot axis until the second latch element engages the first latch element of the stator, such that upon engagement the stator and rotor no longer move independently and further payout of the line from the spool is stopped. The method includes:

17. A method of withdrawing a line from a latch device (FIG. 1), the latch device comprising: a latch member (4) including a first latch element (9); a rotor (5) having a central longitudinal axis and configured to rotate about said central longitudinal axis relative to said latch member upon application of a stretching force to a line coupled to said rotor; a second latch element (2) rotatably coupled to the rotor (5), the second latch element (2) configured to rotate relative to the rotor about a first axis (7) parallel to and offset from the central longitudinal axis; It is equipped with The method applying a stretching force to the line which generates a rotational force on the rotor (5), whereby the second latch element (2) pivots about the first axis (7) such that when at least a portion of the second latch element (2) enters a magnetic field (3) existing between the latch member (4) and the rotor (5), an eddy current drag effect is created against the movement of the second latch element (2) in the magnetic field. Including, wherein the eddy current drag effect urges further pivotal movement of the second latch element (2) about the first axis (7) relative to the rotor (5) until the second latch element (2) engages the first latch element (9) and stops rotation of the rotor (5) relative to the latch member (4).

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the latch member comprises a magnet and the second latch element comprises a conductor.

19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the latch member comprises a conductor and the second latch element comprises a magnet.

20. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the latch device further comprises a spring having a first end coupled to the rotor and a second end opposite the first end coupled to the second latch element.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the spring biases the second latch element to rotate away from the latch member.

22. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the spring biases the second latch element to rotate relative to the rotor about the first axis in a direction consistent with a direction of rotation of the rotor relative to the latch member about the central longitudinal axis.

23. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first latch element is a protrusion.

24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first latch element is a recess.

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