Systems and methods for removing waste from liquids - Patents.com

Abstract

A liquid treatment system and method for removing waste materials from a liquid stream is disclosed. The stem contains the treatment area, nano bubble diffuser system, and skimmer cassette assembly. and configured to remove nanobubbles and waste aggregates from the liquid stream. The nanobubble diffuser system diffuses negatively charged nanobubbles into the liquid stream. The nanobubbles are configured to disperse positively charged waste, or nanobubbles and waste The buoyancy of the aggregating matter increases as it rises to the surface of the treatment area, and the skimmer cassette In some embodiments, larger particles are used to increase the buoyancy of the waste. In some embodiments, the treatment system uses a foam diffuser system. In one embodiment, the processing system is a vessel that floats on the surface of the water. The device is configured to remove microplastics from the

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS: This application is a continuation of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 870,755, filed July 4, 2019. This is a related application, and the contents of the above patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT:

[0002] Not applicable Submitted materials such as sequence listings, tables, program listings on compact discs, etc. Incorporation by Reference

[0003] Not applicable Background of the invention:

[0004] Technical fields:

[0005] The liquid treatment system and method disclosed herein uses flotation. In one embodiment, nanobubbles are used in the process of flotation. Temu is a form that floats on the water surface. [Background technology]

[0006] background:

[0007] The infrastructure to properly dispose of and recycle plastic waste is not as good as in the third world. Large amounts of plastic waste are generated from unprepared sites and have not been properly disposed of for many years. As a result, the world's oceans, lakes, rivers, and bays are polluted with petroleum products, garbage, and other waste. As a result, over 100 million tons of plastic waste is being dumped worldwide. Plastic waste, fishing equipment and other waste floating on the water surface are Plastic waste accumulates in ocean gyres. It is gradually destroyed by exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. As a result of photodecomposition, plastic breaks down into tiny pieces of plastic, which are called microplastics. These particles are then ingested by fish and other living creatures. Plastic particles contain toxins and can damage marine life, the largest ecosystem on Earth. Large plastic debris can affect fish and whale populations. This plastic waste is drifting on land, coasts and beaches around the world, affecting marine ecosystems. It also impacts the sustainability of the system and its associated ecosystems.

[0008] Although it has not been possible to effectively remove microplastics over the past decade, There have been attempts to use fishing nets to remove floating garbage and plastic waste from the water's surface. For example, large barriers are partially fixed in place and then moved by wind and ocean currents to set up fishing nets on the sea floor. There was a way to contain the plastic waste. The significance and approach of this invention is that garbage falls out of the net when it is lifted. The reason for this is that it cannot operate at the required speed and the self-cleaning process The lack of a mesh makes this method of collecting plastic waste ineffective. The reason for this is that the barriers installed on the nets are merely "passive" filters. Since there is no plastic in the ocean, it just "encloses" garbage and other things. The nets are removed when fishing boats remove plastic waste. The nets used are collected and used. Because the gaps are larger than those of microplastics, plastic debris remains in the ocean. This type of net cannot be controlled by humans and is a major threat to the sustainability of the world's oceans. However, it is not possible to achieve the large-scale removal required to counter the threat.

[0009] Well-known prior art is aimed at plastic waste floating on the water surface, Plastics and microplastics in the ocean are found in the top 5 layers of the ocean. It has been proven through numerous studies that it exists to depths of up to 15 feet, or 20 meters. There are.

[0010] Woods Hole Conference on Marine Microplastics held on October 15, 2019 At a conference at the Ocean Research Institute, Dr. Hideshige Takada said that the company was trying to remove microplastics smaller than about 1.0 mm. This will increase the rate at which plastic is removed from the ocean and prevent it from breaking down into submicron pieces. It is also said to be most effective at preventing microbeads at the submicron and nanoparticle levels. Removing black plastics would reduce the goal of collecting plastic from the ocean. This has a negative impact on marine life from a microscopic perspective. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Summary of the invention: The following Summary introduces some of the concepts that are described in the Detailed Description below. This summary is not comprehensive and does not necessarily include all of the claims at the end of the specification. It is not intended to represent the exact range.

[0012] In one embodiment, the water treatment system and method includes a filtration system installed on a multihull vessel. The system consists of a collection of waste materials and other materials that float on the surface of oceans, lakes, harbors and bays. It removes microplastics.

[0013] One advantage of the treatment system and method disclosed herein is that the nanobubbles can be transported between multihull vessels. By using it in a pressurized flotation process that uses The present invention provides a solution to the problem of water contamination that could not be solved by the known prior art. This will solve the problem of continued removal of microplastics from the environment. In embodiments, waste and marine debris from the surface of the water can be continuously removed. In an embodiment, removal of microplastics of about 25.0 mm or less is possible, and in some embodiments In some embodiments, the thickness can be 2.0 mm or less, and in some embodiments, the thickness can be 1.0 mm or less. This embodiment of the treatment system can also accommodate larger waste and debris. .

[0014] Some forms of water treatment systems use microplastics at speeds of 3-5 knots or more. In addition to operating a process to remove smudges, self-cleaning filtration and removal systems can also be used. The system can be controlled or automated. Self-cleaning filtration system removes microplastics smaller than 5 meters The depth of the manifold used in the pressurized flotation method can be adjusted to suit the speed of the vessel. It can be made deep.

[0015] The relative size of nanobubbles can range from 40 to 200 nanometers (nm). When nanobubbles are diffused, they diffuse hydroxyl radicals (OH-) and become negatively charged. It is known that the negative charge causes the nanobubbles to split into positively charged microplastics. They are attracted to particles such as nanobubbles and attach to them, or nanobubbles bond with each other and attach to the nanobubbles. This process of nanobubble attraction and coagulation allows the waste and nanobubbles to This continues until the buoyancy increases due to solidification and coagulation. As a result, microplastics The microplastics float to the surface of the water, achieving a high removal rate of microplastics using the pressurized flotation method. This is how microplastics are floated, but the polymers, coagulants, and surfactants are used. Since no chemicals such as detergents are used, operating costs can be significantly reduced. The injection flotation process requires less flow and pressure compared to conventional flotation systems. This allows the recirculation flow rate of the recycle pump to be significantly reduced. Therefore, power consumption can be kept to a minimum.

[0016] The nanobubbles and plastic particles solidify into bubbles that float to the surface of the water and then split into two. The sewage is removed by multiple skimmers. Alternatively, Alternatively, a drum screen or a band-stop screen may be used. Use a skimmer along with the clean and drum screen to clean the Micro Plus. The aim of this study is to achieve the highest efficiency of tic removal.

[0017] In some embodiments, larger bubbles can be dispersed to form larger bubble clumps or floating bubbles. This creates a net that increases the foam and floatation rate, trapping more waste and microplastics. One method to make bubbles float to the surface is to use pressure flotation. This allows the floating rate of waste and condensed nanobubbles to be controlled. The ability to control the floating rate of the large bubble blanket allows for the condensation of waste and nanobubbles. This can improve the rate of removal of contaminants and also increase the speed of the filtering vessel. Therefore, to maximize the efficiency of removing microplastic particles and removing marine debris. can be done.

[0018] In some embodiments, the multihull vessel has multiple channels, The channel is the processing area for the pressurized flotation method. This is where the removal is done by self-screening. In this aspect of the invention, the suction is used to float waste that could not be removed by pressure flotation. The skimmer cassette or cassettes used are placed in the channel space within the hull of a vessel or in a multi-hull vessel. The filtration system is used in the channels formed between the inside of the ship or between the multihulls. , in a longitudinal plane parallel to the hull, or alongside the hull of a flat-bottomed vessel (pontoon) A plurality of partition walls are installed to form the above structure.

[0019] In one embodiment, a plurality of floating skimmer cassettes are mounted on a pontoon; Some operate within channels installed inside the hull or between multi-hull vessels. The advantage of this is that it can increase the speed of filtration. This will allow a greater amount of microplastics to be removed from the overflowing waters. The floatation process uses multiple pumps, components used in traditional floatation, and internal waste. This increases the operational efficiency of filtration by eliminating unnecessary piping and valves. The internal flotation process involves installing a flotation system on one or more decks of the vessel. By operating it, it is possible to dramatically reduce costs. The Kimer Cassette is a device that is raised above the water for inspection, maintenance, or to increase the vessel's speed. It is equipped with the mechanism.

[0020] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning band screen or drum screen The flow of the nanobubbles is downstream of the nanobubble flotation process. It is possible to reliably remove waste materials up to 25.0 mm, and in one embodiment, 2.0 Sub-millimeters are possible, and in some embodiments, 1.0 mm or less.

[0021] In one embodiment, a treatment system for removing waste from a water stream includes a treatment area formed with a channel and a depth, a channel formed with one or more channel guides configured to direct the water stream from an inlet to an outlet of the treatment area, a water stream containing positively charged waste, a nanobubble diffuser system configured to sink to a predetermined flow depth, the depth defining a bottom of the treatment area, a nanobubble diffuser system configured to diffuse a plurality of negatively charged nanobubbles, where the nanobubbles condense with the waste and rise to the surface of the water stream (also referred to as the surface of the liquid stream) in the treatment area, and a skimmer cassette assembly (also referred to as a surface agglomerate skimmer, hereinafter) configured to remove agglomerates of nanobubbles and waste from the water stream, where the amount of waste in the stream is lower at the outlet than at the inlet of the treatment area. In one embodiment, the water stream is coupled to a larger water source ( Also referred to as a larger liquid source, such as an ocean or lake.) and the channel guide and nanobubble diffuser system are attached to a vessel floating in the larger water source. In another embodiment, the water flow is from a larger water source through a channel, the channel being defined by the movement of the channel in the larger water source, and the position of the skimmer cassette assembly is determined relative to the nanobubble diffuser system, the system being determined by the rate of nanobubble ascent, the velocity and depth of the water flow in the channel. In another embodiment, the treatment system is located mid- or downstream of the flow from the nanobubble diffuser system or near the bottom of the treatment area, and is configured to treat larger bubbles ( Bubbles larger than nano size, also called larger bubbles. (The same applies below.) Some large bubble diffusion systems are configured to disperse multiple large bubbles in the stream. The multiple large bubbles then form a floating blanket ( This means that larger bubbles have spread over the entire surface. ) to increase the floating rate of the nanobubbles and waste material. In another embodiment, the spacing between the skimmer cassette assembly and the nanobubble diffuser system is based on the floating rate of the nanobubbles and waste material. In one embodiment, the skimmer cassette assembly is a skimmer blade attached to a skimmer drive. (It is also called a belt-like object with multiple blades that are oriented horizontally to the direction of travel in order to scoop up aggregates on the water surface.) In this case, the skimmer drive is configured to move the skimmer blade according to the water flow. (This is also called "deep depth" or "skimming depth"; the same applies below.) In another embodiment, the skimmer cassette assembly is a skimmer beach assembly (see FIG. 1) with a sloped surface. Also called the tool used to lift scooped-up waste from water. (The same applies below.) In another embodiment, the skimmer assembly comprises a sloped beach. (Skimmer Beach Assembly) Augur channel on the surface (The meaning of the groove in the Augur, also simply called a groove in the shape of a depression.)Some have a skimmer beach assembly with a sloped beach face that allows the waste to be deposited in the auger channel, where an auger is installed to remove the waste from the channel, and a wave-suppressing edge is attached to the skimmer beach assembly to reduce turbulence in the treatment area.

[0022] In some embodiments, the treatment system further targets multiple large waste products in the water stream. Place one or more debris screens upstream of the Nano Bubble Diffuser system. This screen or screens keep debris out of the water flow. It can also be used to remove large waste materials. In addition, it can be used with one or more band screens or drums. By placing the Clean downstream of the Nano Bubble Diffuser system, the water flow Further waste can then be removed.

[0023] In one embodiment, the volumetric flow rate of the water flow in the width and depth of the channel in the treatment area is s and the volume of waste in the water stream at the treatment area outlet. The amount is at least 50% less than the amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area inlet. In one embodiment, the treatment area is about 5 meters deep. The waste contains microplastics measuring 25.0 mm or less.

[0024] In one embodiment, the volume of water flow in the treatment area channel width and depth of 1 meter The flow rate is approximately 3 cubic meters per second or more. The waste is 25.0 mm or less in size. The amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area outlet is At least 90% less than the amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area inlet. In one embodiment, the treatment area is about 5 meters deep. Contains microplastics measuring 25.0 mm or less.

[0025] In one embodiment, a skimmer cassette for use in a treatment system for filtering a water stream is provided. The skimmer assembly consists of a skimmer blade connected to one or more skimmer cassette pontoons. The skimmer blades are aligned close to the water surface. The skimmer drive is installed on the skimmer brake according to the water flow. The skimmer blades are configured to move in the opposite direction to the water flow. The skimmer blades are aligned in a pair. They are also spaced apart from the surface of the flow at a constant angle so that they can scoop the water deep inside. This ensures that nanobubbles and waste materials in the fluid are concentrated at a consistent depth. In another embodiment, the skimmer cassette The assembly is a skimmer beach assembly with a sloped surface. Some systems consist of a sieve assembly that allows the waste to flow through a sloped section, which allows the fluid to flow through the sieve assembly. In another embodiment, the skimmer assembly is positioned on the surface of a sloping beach. Some have augur channels on the surface. This allows waste to pass down the sloping beach surface and be deposited in the Augur Channel. At this time, an auger is installed in the auger channel to remove waste from the channel. A wave suppression edge is attached to the skimmer beach assembly. This further reduces turbulence in the treatment area.

[0026] In one embodiment, a water treatment system for removing waste materials from a water flow comprises a channel. The treatment area of ​​this channel is defined by the width, depth and length of the The width is determined by one or more channels configured to direct the flow of water from the inlet to the outlet of the treatment area. The nanobubble device is formed by a channel guide and is configured to sink to a predetermined flow depth. It is equipped with a fuser system. In addition, the depth defines the bottom of the processing area, and the gap - The cassette assembly is installed near the entrance of the processing area and determines the length of the processing area. In addition, there are water streams containing positively charged waste materials and multiple negatively charged particles. A nanobubble diffuser system configured to diffuse nanobubbles of Some of the waste condenses with the waste and floats to the surface of the stream in the treatment area, while others are removed from the stream. A skimmer cassette assembly configured to remove bubbles and waste clumps. A waste stream in which the amount of waste in the stream is lower at the exit of the treatment area than at the entrance In some embodiments, the position of the skimmer cassette assembly determines the location of the nanobubbles. It is determined relative to the diffuser system, and the diffusion system controls the floating of nanobubbles. The rate of water flow depends on the speed and depth of the channel. The volumetric flow rate of the water flow in the area of ​​the channel width and depth is about 1 cubic meter per second. In some embodiments, the water flow in the width and depth of the channel in the treatment area is The volumetric flow rate may be greater than about 3 cubic meters per second. The volumetric flow rate of water in a channel of area 1 meter wide and 1 meter deep is approximately 1 cubic meter per second. The waste contains microplastics with sizes of 25.0 mm or less. The amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area outlet is also proportional to the amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area inlet. In one embodiment, the amount of waste in the treatment area is at least 50% less than the amount of waste in the treatment area. The volumetric flow rate of water in a channel 1 meter wide and 1 meter deep is about 3 cubic meters per second. The waste also contains microplastics with sizes of 25.0 mm or less. The amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area outlet is calculated based on the amount of waste in the water stream at the treatment area inlet. This is at least 90% less than the amount of waste in the

[0027] In one embodiment, the filtering vessel is comprised of two or more vessels, It may consist of one or more channels, which remove waste from a waste-filled body of water. This filter vessel injects air nanobubbles into the water in a channel between two or more vessels. The nanobubbles are configured to diffuse into the flow and bind and collect the waste material. The bubble diffuser system consists of two or more hulls, each of which is connected to one or more channels. The nano bubble diffuser system creates a channel and a larger bubble diffusion system below the nano bubble diffuser system. The flow spreads a blanket of larger bubbles, preventing the nanobubbles and waste from accumulating and floating away. The larger the bubble blanket, the more nanobubbles and waste will accumulate. By controlling the ratio of the nanobubbles to the diffusion of the accumulated waste, In some embodiments, the filter vessel may include one or more channels. It consists of one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies mounted within a The one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies are Each floating skimmer cassette assembly is installed downstream of the laser system. It consists of: one or more skimmer blades mounted on a chain, The chain has rotational motion to skim contaminants from the water surface. A floating skimmer cassette assembly is attached to the support structure and has one or more floating One or more devices configured to float the skimmer cassette assembly on the water surface. A pontoon that receives the scooped-up waste and removes it from the water. Skimmer beach to reduce incoming water waves and keep the treatment area calm and afloat An edge installed on the leading edge of a vehicle to suppress waves.

[0028] In one embodiment, the waste contains microplastics of 25.0 mm or less, Waste other than these includes wastes 25.0 mm or larger. Liquids include water-based liquids.

[0029] In one embodiment, the waste contains microplastics of 2.0 mm or less and the liquid is Includes water-based liquids.

[0030] The advantages, objects, and features of the technology disclosed in this specification should be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. This will help deepen your understanding. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0031] To better understand these and other advantages and features of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below. The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings show exemplary embodiments of the invention and are intended to limit the scope of the claims. Please understand that this is not my intention. Provide examples and details

[0032] The methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be further illustrated by reference to the following details in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: You can understand it better.

[0033] [Figure 1A] Schematic representation of the starboard projection of the vessel showing the self-cleaning debris screen 3, the pressurized flotation process within the hull with floating skimmer cassette 16, and the flow-through band screen 50 process.

[0034] [Figure IB] 1B is a cutaway view of the embodiment of FIG. 1A.

[0035] [Diagram 2] This is a schematic plan view of a self-cleaning trash screen 3 used for the primary filtration process, installed between the main deck of a filter vessel and a pontoon 24 or partition 23. This trash screen is used in conjunction with conveyors 5, 10, trash compactor / baler / extruder 13, containers 15, deck cranes 7, etc.

[0036] [Diagram 3] This is a plan view of the underdeck section of a filter vessel, showing the self-cleaning screens, channels with floating skimmers 16, nanobubble diffusion manifolds 18, larger bubble diffusion manifolds 22, and flow-through band screens 50.

[0037] [Figure 4]This shows a horizontal cross-sectional projection of the bow of a filter vessel, showing the self-cleaning fine screens, floating skimmer cassettes 16, run-through band filters 50, nanobubble diffusion manifolds 18 and larger bubble diffusion manifolds 22, installed in channels or pontoons 24 or partitions 23 between the hulls of the multihull vessel.

[0038] [Figure 5A5B] Figure 5A shows a front view of the floating skimmer cassette 16 with the floating pontoons 25 and skimmer blades 26. Figure 5B shows a side view of the floating skimmer cassette 16 with the floating pontoons 25 and skimmer blades 26.

[0039] [Figure 6] 1 shows the mechanism for lifting the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16.

[0040] [Figure 7] This shows a schematic diagram of Housing 17 at Skimmer Beach and Augur.

[0041] [Figure 8] This is a three-dimensional view of a filter vessel, showing the self-cleaning trash screen 3, deck crane 7, bow crane 8, and aquatic life prevention systems 1 and 2.

[0042] [Figure 9] 1 illustrates the interaction of nanobubbles, larger bubbles, and waste material in one embodiment using flotation.

[0043] [Figure 10] This is an example comparing the size of nanobubbles with microbubbles and tiny bubbles.

[0044] [Figure 11] This shows the attraction of the surface charge of nanobubbles to waste materials such as microplastics in water.

[0045] [Figure 12A] 1 illustrates an example processing area of ​​an embodiment of a processing system.

[0046] [Fig. 12B12C] 12B and 12C show examples of the relationships between flow rate (channel flow), flotation rate, depth, width, and length of the treatment (flotation) area.

[0047] [Figure 12D] A typical treatment (flotation) area and the effect of varying flow rates on different treatment area lengths and throughputs are shown.

[0048] [Figure 13A13B] Figures 13A and 13B show the relationship between flow speed and the length and depth of the treatment (flotation) area when the bubble rise velocity is set to 0.25 m / sec.

[0049] [Figure 14A14B] Figures 14A and 14B show the relationship between flow speed and the length and depth of the treatment (flotation) area when the bubble rise velocity is set to 0.4 m / sec.

[0050] [Figure 15A15B] 15A-15B show the waste removal efficiency at a bubble rise velocity of 0.25 m / sec for various channel flow velocities and depths.

[0051] [Fig. 15C15D] Figures 15C-15D show the waste removal efficiency at a bubble rise velocity of 0.25 m / sec for various channel flow velocities and depths.

[0052] [Figure 16A16B]16A and 16B show the waste removal efficiency at a bubble rise velocity of 0.4 m / sec for various channel flow velocities and depths.

[0053] [Figure 17A17B17C] 17A-17C show the removal efficiency at various flow rates in an example embodiment of a water treatment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0054] Detailed description of the invention: A detailed description, with accompanying drawings, of systems and methods for removing waste from water streams Here, we focus on treatment systems that remove waste materials such as microplastics from water. However, please understand that this system and method have a wide range of other applications. For example, the treatment system described here is designed to treat liquid contaminants such as oil and grease. A specific exemplary embodiment is presented here. However, the business operator can easily come up with variations and modifications, and are also intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

[0055] An exemplary embodiment of a treatment system for removing waste from a liquid includes a process that physically treats the liquid. A method for determining the area to be treated, a method for dispersing foam into the area to be treated, and a method for removing waste with foam. The first is to remove the sludge from the water and the second is to bring it to the surface in the treatment area. In an embodiment where the system is used for a water flow, the waste water at the outlet of the treatment area may be The amount of material is less than at the entrance to the processing area.

[0056] The method of defining the water treatment area can be any physical or In one embodiment, the method uses benchmarks to define the water treatment One method of defining the area is to place a processing element in the liquid. For example, a bubble in the liquid. By installing a diffuser, the treatment area can be defined, and a foam diffuser The area of ​​the liquid affected by the treatment can be defined as the treatment area. In this case, the treatment area is defined by the depth of the liquid flow channel and the bubble diffuser. In an embodiment, the channel is configured to direct the flow of water from an inlet to an outlet of the treatment area. The optical fiber is formed of one or more channel guides arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0057] The foam dispersion technique comprises injecting foam into the liquid. The technique of injecting foam into the liquid in the treatment area is similar to the foam commonly used in water and contaminated water treatment facilities. In one embodiment, the bubble diffuser is a negatively charged A nanobubble diffuser configured to diffuse a plurality of nanobubbles having a load into a liquid flow. Here, nanobubbles are attracted to positively charged particles such as microplastics. When using the treatment system of the present disclosure, the plastic You will need a prescription to install the bubble diffuser on the bed. The spreader may need to be adapted for use in salt water, and the vessel may need to be placed on the surface. may need to be configured for submersion

[0058] In the treatment area, waste is floated to the surface using bubbles, and then removed by scooping. Any method that can remove the pollutants from the water surface can be used, whether that be collecting them or collecting them. In one embodiment, a skimmer system such as a floating skimmer cassette assembly , which is located near the water's surface and is configured to physically remove waste from the water's surface.

[0059] FIG. 1A illustrates an example embodiment of a processing system 100 that comprises a vessel on the surface of water. As shown in the figure above, the ship usually moves toward the Dee, creating a current of water below the ship. The hull 24 defines the sides of the treatment area and the bubble diffuser manifold 18. and 22 are installed at the bottom of the treatment area and define the depth of the area. The skimmer cassette 16 is It is configured to capture waste from near the water surface and assess the situation.

[0060] FIG. 1B shows a detail of the embodiment of FIG. 1A taken at cut A. FIG. 1B shows the processing engine. 1 shows an example embodiment of a rear, bubble diffuser, and skimmer.

[0061] The treatment area is defined by the depth, width and length of the channel through which the water passes. Here, the depth D is This represents the water depth from the surface to the bubble diffuser orifice. Here, the manifold 18 of the nanobubble diffuser is shown. The length of the nanobubble nozzle is usually determined by the length of the nozzle until the liquid enters the processing area. Length from fuser manifold 18 to end of skimmer (not shown here) The width of the treatment area is usually determined by the width of the channel, which is the width of the vessel. The width of the drainage pipes is determined by the width between the drains and the water dividers.

[0062] The bubble diffuser system can be used with nano bubble diffusers or other sizes of bubble diffusers. Nanobubbles may be diffused by multiple nanobubble diffuser systems. The nanobubbles are dispersed in the liquid of the channel or placed horizontally. The diffuser manifold 18 distributes the flow of water into which nanobubbles are injected to the pressurized floating pump. There is also a method of using it in the process. Duckbills constructed from elastomers such as EPDM, Viton®, or pure rubber Installed together with a diffuser valve to prevent backflow. Nanobubbles are The water is diffused into the water stream through several very small holes in the diffuser manifold 18. Other techniques include cavitation, suction pumps, and high shear suction. A mixer or similar device can economically generate nanobubbles and disperse them into the water flow in a channel. Microbubbles and larger air bubbles occur in downstream stages of the flotation process. It is diffused by microbubbles, tiny bubbles, or bubble diffusers. The large bubble diffuser 22 creates a floating blanket of buoyant bubbles. This increases the floating rate of the waste and nanobubble aggregates.

[0063] One or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies 16 are mounted on the pontoons 24 They are installed in channels between the vessels or between the hulls and float near the surface of the liquid flow. Floating skimmer cassette assembly or floating skimmer cassette assembly The Buri 16 has one or more skimmer blades attached to one or more skimmer cassette ports. The skimmer blade is placed near the surface of the liquid flow. The skimmer blades are mounted on the skimmer drive and extend across the entire channel width. The skimmer drive is designed to move the skimmer blades in response to water flow. The skimmer blades move in the opposite direction to the water flow. The skimmer blades of the octopus extend to a certain depth from the surface of the flow so that they can scoop deep into the water. This ensures that the nanobubbles and waste materials in the fluid are concentrated at a consistent depth, and the waste materials are removed from the water. In one embodiment, the floating skimmer cassette assembly The assembly is constructed from corrosion-resistant materials such as ABS / polyurethane, aluminum, and stainless steel. Some skimmers float on floating skimmer pontoons. The skimmer drive is A chain drive is available and the skimmer blade is mounted horizontally to the chain drive. Each skimmer blade is then aligned horizontally by the chain drive. The skimmer chain drive is mounted perpendicular to the sweeping motion. , which allows the speed of the scooping operation to be optimized.

[0064] The floating skimmer cassette assembly is designed to reduce marine plastics, Skimmer Beach Augur Assembly 17 is used to load trash, debris, and other debris onto the sloped beach. This allows excess water to drain and fill the gaps. - Discharge solids (waste) into a horizontal auger in beach auger assembly 17. From there, it is sent to a garbage compression and extrusion unit 13 or a scroll compressor, where the sludge Remove (precipitate).

[0065] In actual operation, this liquid treatment system (also called treatment system) is used as shown in Figure IB. The process involves creating a liquid flow and sending it through a processing system. Body flow can also be created by the processing system itself moving through a larger liquid (water). This liquid stream is then sent to a treatment area where it is subjected to the flotation process. is first saturated with a high concentration of nanobubbles. Nanobubble diffuser manifold 1 The nanobubbles generated by 8 are negatively charged and can be easily mixed with positively charged microplastics. They are attracted to and attach to the particles, forming nanobubbles and waste accumulations. These accumulations (lumps) When the nanobubbles and waste matter accumulate together to form larger clumps, the buoyancy increases and the microbubbles This causes black plastic to rise to the surface.

[0066] The floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 then skims the water surface and removes it. This floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 then holds multiple skimmers. The blade moves in the opposite direction to the water flow of the channel, creating a Skimmer Beach Augur Assemblage. The microplastics that have accumulated on the sloping beach of Buri 17 are placed on the beach and scooped up. Afterwards, the water is dehydrated on the sloping beach, and then the skimmer beach Augur Assemblage is used for further dehydration and transportation. The plastic that floats on the surface, as well as microplastics and other debris, is released into the ocean. Piled up, placed on a sloping beach, dumped excess water, and assembled the skimmer beach auger. The waste is discharged into a horizontal auger in the sieve 17 and then into a waste compression and extrusion unit 13 or a whirlpool. The sludge (sediment) is removed by the compression device above.

[0067] During the ascent phase, a high concentration of microbubbles and larger bubbles form a floating blanket. By forming a bubble to increase the floating rate of nanobubbles and waste, the floating skimmer It is designed to increase the amount of scooping and removal of the cassette 16. The number of channels, the floating stage, and the overall floating channel length are all determined by the filter. This is directly related to the speed at which the target ship moves. If you want to move faster, you need to increase the overall length of the ship accordingly. It is necessary to achieve an appropriate flotation rate and removal efficiency.

[0068] The approach of injecting nanobubbles into the water flow requires little energy and maintenance. There is also little need for

[0069] Returning to FIG. 1A, the processing system and method may include additional configurations to further enhance the processing of liquids. It is possible to consider the following. Figure 1A is a side view of a filter vessel. Self-propelled sluices are installed between multihulls or pontoons 24 and used for the primary filtration process. Equipped with 3 cleaning dust screens and 6 self-cleaning fine screens Multihull vessels can be used as filter vessels, with one or more vessels equipped with self-cleaning screens. Self-cleaning screens provide a single channel or multiple channels for the filtration process. It is designed to effectively remove and filter floating debris and microplastics from trash-filled waters. The acoustic and visual fish deterrent system is designed to be installed in the bow or on the pontoons. It can be installed below the waterline of the water tank, allowing a variety of marine life to enter the filtration process. The sound fish prevention system emits sound waves from the bow and also detects various surroundings. The fish intrusion prevention system 1 uses a timer or the like to detect a predetermined The frequency range of the sound is repeated. These settings are based on the characteristics of marine life and their response to sound. Users can adjust it themselves based on their impressions.

[0070] Visual Fish Prevention System 2 with high-intensity underwater LED lights is self-cleaning It can be installed on the bow of a boat that has a cleaning debris screen 3 installed. The high-brightness underwater LED light prevents accidents by repeating the vibration pattern of the light signal on a timer. This will prevent marine life from entering the area.

[0071] A plurality of primary self-cleaning or self-cleaning debris screens 3 are provided for multihull vessels. between the pontoons 24 or the channels formed by the partitions in front of the bow of the filter vessel so that it is vertical and spans the entire width of the channel. The self-cleaning dirt screen 3 is mounted on the edge of the They are attached by rods and made of corrosion-resistant materials to withstand the forces and , constructed to be strong enough to withstand the impact of a large object hitting it

[0072] The Self-Cleaning Debris Screen 3 is designed to remove floating debris and large objects from the water surface. The dirt screen is continuously cleaned by an upwardly moving rake or by hand. The cleaned and collected trash is lifted and transported to a deck attached to a horizontal conveyor 5. The speed at which the rake 4 is raised can be adjusted by a variable speed motor. The speed of the vehicle can be adjusted to suit the transport of plastic waste, It can also be adjusted to match the speed of the ship.

[0073] A horizontal conveyor 5 mounted on the deck of the filter vessel transports any waste to the port side. or starboard side, providing flexibility in processing and redundancy in dewatering and compacting waste. The screened waste can be passed through a tilted The waste is conveyed by a conveyor 10 and discharged into a hopper 12 of a waste compaction or discharge device 13, Screened by the restrictor plate mechanism 14 ) The waste is compressed. The dewatered waste is then discharged and transported to the dump site using a deck crane 7. Sent onto containers, barges and supersacks for transport to land-based recycling facilities can be.

[0074] Large floating objects, fishing nets, etc. are removed in the channel area of ​​the filter vessel by the loading crane 8. The crane is equipped with a robot arm, which is fitted with a diamond blade. Blade cutting equipment is also provided.

[0075] Multiple fine mesh self-cleaning screens to suit waste loads and particle sizes The filter 6 can be installed after the self-cleaning dirt screen 3. The self-cleaning screen 6 is installed between multihulls or on pontoons 24 or pavilions. The partition 23 is disposed so as to span the entire width of the channel formed by the partition 23. The fine self-cleaning screen 6 is made of vertically installed parallel bars, metal with holes The material is manufactured using either a sheet of fine wire or a fine wedge wire mesh.

[0076] The fine-mesh self-cleaning screen 6 provides the corrosion resistance required for underwater operation. It is made of edible materials and is designed to withstand the forces that may be encountered during the treatment process at various ship speeds. Constructed from materials with the strength to

[0077] 6 fine-mesh self-cleaning screens can be cleaned at various angles from 0 to 90 degrees from vertical This allows the vessel to reach the appropriate depth for its speed and to be able to periodically It can also be completely removed from the water for inspection, service, maintenance or high speed travel. Cut.

[0078] The fine-mesh self-cleaning screen 6 separates the screened waste. The material is discharged onto a horizontal auger or conveyor 5, which then discharges the waste into an inclined auger 9. The Augur can be equipped with perforations at the bottom for drainage. Waste is disposed of The waste is then discharged into the hopper 12 of the waste compactor or discharger 13. 15 containers, polypropylene super sacks, Waste, containers, barges, super sacks, etc. are sent to land The cargo is then transported by deck crane 7 to a nearby dock, barge, ship, etc.

[0079] The screened water is channeled between multihulls or pontoons24. Fine self-cleaning through multiple channels formed by vertical partitions The wave suppressor is a skimmer beach auger assembly 1. 7 as the leading edge of the tectonic plate, minimizing the effects of turbulence and waves on the flotation process. It can be made minimal.

[0080] As shown in Figure IB, the bubble diffuser system realizes the pressure flotation process. Nanobubbles are generated by multiple nanobubble diffusers or nanobubble diffusers. The nanobubbles are horizontally installed in the user manifold 18 and injected into the water. The nanobubble diffuser manifold 18 negatively charges the nanobubbles and disperses them into the water in the filter. The nanobubbles are attracted to and attached to positively charged particles such as microplastics. The nanobubbles and waste matter then form aggregates. These aggregates then form other aggregates of nanobubbles and waste matter. They accumulate with the bodies of the microorganisms, forming larger aggregates, which increase their buoyancy and thus The microbubbles and larger air bubbles can be heated to the surface. Downstream of the flotation process, microbubbles, fine bubbles, and bubble diffusers The bubbles are dispersed by the air, creating a blanket of larger bubbles, which accumulates nanobubbles and waste. It is configured to increase the rate at which something floats up.

[0081] The floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 then skims the water surface and removes it. During the later stages of ascent, the concentration of microbubbles and larger bubbles is highest, resulting in a floatation effect. Configure a floating blanket to achieve faster ascent rates and a floating skimmer cassette The floating channel can be efficiently removed by the suction assembly 16. The number, floating stages, and overall floating channel length of the filter vessel It is directly related to the speed of movement. If you want to move faster, you need to increase the overall length of the ship to allow for proper floating. It is necessary to achieve high rates and removal efficiencies.

[0082] Skimmers remove plastic, microplastics and other debris from the ocean using an inclined boat. This allows excess water to drain away and the , discharging solids (waste) into a horizontal auger within the skimmer beach auger assembly 17 From here, it is sent to a garbage compression and extrusion unit 13 or a scroll compressor. Remove sludge (sediment)

[0083] A plurality of flow-through band screens 50 are installed downstream of the floating skimmer cassette 16. The floats are placed between the hull of the ship, between the pontoons 24, and between the floats formed by the partitions 23. The band screen 50 is installed in the upstream nanobubble rising pump. Microplastics that did not float to the surface due to the process and floating skimmers It is a size that can remove the substances that could not be removed by the cassette 16. The screened waste is discharged to the horizontal auger 31. From there, it is sent to a garbage compression and extrusion unit 13 or a scroll compressor. The flow-through band filter 50 removes sludge (sediment) and microplastics. The angle can be adjusted to improve collection and removal efficiency. The 50 is equipped with a fully retractable lift system for routine inspection, service and maintenance. It can also be lifted completely out of the water for maintenance or high speed movement.

[0084] Large floating objects, fishing nets, etc. are removed in the channel area of ​​the filter vessel by the loading crane 8. The crane is equipped with a robot arm, which is fitted with a diamond blade. It is equipped with cutting equipment, etc.

[0085] The filtration process of the filter vessel is controlled by multiple turbidity sensors3 installed on the hull and channel walls. 3 allows monitoring of the entire process. The sensor is installed behind the dirt screen. In addition, fine mesh screens, nanobubble floating process, and flowing water band screens are also available. The turbidity sensor 33 can also be installed in a PLC or computer system. and monitor and record the removal efficiency and performance of the filter vessel.

[0086] Figure 2 shows a system for efficiently filtering, removing, and treating waste and microplastics floating on the water surface. The main structure of the filter vessel is equipped with two hulls or pontoons 24 with open channels. FIG.

[0087] The filter vessel has self-cleaning trash screens between the multihulls or pontoons. The third filter was installed and will be used for the primary filtration process of waste and microplastics floating on the water surface. The self-cleaning dirt screen 3 is mounted in a lifting cassette. g cassettes) between multihulls or pontoons 24 or It spans the entire width of the channel formed by the partition 23 .

[0088] The self-cleaning trash screen 3 discharges the waste onto a horizontal conveyor 5, which then The waste is transported to an inclined auger 10 and discharged into a hopper 12 of a waste compaction or discharge device 13. The compressed waste is dewatered, compressed and packed in a chamber by a water hammer pump, and or into a restrictor plate14 and ultimately to a land-based recycling facility or The waste was loaded into containers, barges and polypropylene supersacks for transport to disposal sites. Compacted waste, containers, barges, polypropylene super sacks, etc. The is transported by deck crane 7 for transport to a land-based dock, barge, ship, etc.

[0089] Large floating objects, fishing nets, etc. are removed in the channel area of ​​the filter vessel by the loading crane 8. The crane is equipped with a robot arm, which is fitted with a diamond blade. Blade cutting equipment is also provided.

[0090] Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the below deck operational area of ​​a filter vessel. or lifting cassettes between the pontoons 24 ) and used in the primary filtration process. The fine self-cleaning screen 6 is attached to the lifting cassette ( lifting cassettes) between multihulls or pontoons. The insulating layer 24 extends across the entire width of the channel formed by the partition 23 .

[0091] The floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 is mounted between multihulls or on a pontoon. 24 or partition 23. The marker set assembly 16 is made of ABS / polyurethane, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. The floating skimmer is constructed of corrosion resistant materials and floats on a pontoon. The cassette assembly 16 is equipped with skimmer blades of a material suitable for the application. In an embodiment, the skimmer blades are constructed of either stainless steel or polypropylene. The skimmer blades are mounted at right angles to the horizontal skimming motion of the chain. The skimmer drive can be driven at various frequencies, which allows the skimmer brake to be Skimmers can optimize the speed of the skimmer. Scoop up the dirt (stains, oil, grease, debris) and drain the excess water on the sloping beach. Discharge solids (waste) to the Kemah Beach Augur Assembly 17. The waste is further treated with water. Solids (waste) are discharged to the Hira augur, from where they are further sent to the oil separation and recovery system or The sludge is then sent to a sludge removal facility where it is dewatered.

[0092] A plurality of nanobubble diffuser manifolds 18 are installed horizontally to diffuse the channels. Nanobubbles are dispersed in the water of the treatment area (pressurized flotation chamber) to increase the buoyancy of the waste. The nano bubble diffuser manifold 18 is arranged between the multihulls or pontoons 24. The nano bubble diffuser manifold 18 is placed horizontally across the Duckbilt constructed from elastomers such as Trill, EPDM, Viton®, and pure rubber Install it together with a water diffuser valve to prevent backflow.

[0093] Multiple band screens or drum screens 50 in a floating skimmer cassette It is placed downstream of the filter assembly 16 to adjust the size of the filtering and to filter the floating worms on the water surface. Microphones that do not float on the water surface due to a floating process using microplastics and nanobubbles Plastic can be removed.

[0094] Horizontally installed microbubbles, fine bubbles, and coarse bubbles 22, or multiple larger bubble devices such as distribution manifolds. Diffuser systems inject foam into liquids or into channels in the treatment area (pressure flotation chambers). By diffusing the nanobubbles downstream of the nanobubble diffuser manifold 18 of the The nanobubbles form a blanket of coarse bubbles, increasing the buoyancy of the waste that they adsorb. The foam bubble diffuser or manifold 22 is installed between the multihull or pontoon 2 4 or partition 23 across the entire width of the channel, It is equipped with a duckbill diffuser valve for prevention.

[0095] A plurality of flow-through band filters or belt filters 50 are used to It is placed downstream of the cassette assembly 16 to adjust the size of the filtering and float on the water surface. Turnip microplastics and nanobubbles are used in a flotation process to keep them from floating to the surface of the water. Microplastics can be removed.

[0096] Figure 4 is a side view of the filter vessel, showing the horizontal section after the self-screening. Here, the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 is used for multihull and The pontoon 24 or the partition 23 are arranged to span the channel formed by the partition 23. The nano bubble diffuser manifold is installed in the center of the manifold to remove microplastics. The bubble dispersing skimmer cassette assembly shown in Figure 18 is used to disperse nanobubbles. The nanobubbles are dispersed in water to levitate the microplastic particles. They are attracted to and attach to electrically charged particles such as microplastics, making them more buoyant. The chloroplastics and nanobubble aggregates accumulate with microplastics and waste, Forming large aggregates. Increasing the concentration of larger bubbles (e.g., microbubbles, Fine and coarse bubbles, such as the Bubble Diffusion Manifold 22 for coarse bubbles By continuously injecting bubbles at 100°C, the rate at which nanobubbles rise to the surface can be increased. In the second stage, the concentration of larger bubbles is adjusted to a higher level to prevent the collection of waste and nanobubbles. Improve the ascent rate of the body. Ascent rate depends on the vessel speed and the ascent process of microplastics. The amount of waste to be loaded will depend on the extent of the loading of waste at the port.

[0097] FIG. 4 also shows the width W of the treatment area in this embodiment. The width of the channel divider.

[0098] 5A and 5B show a floating skimmer cassette assembly in one embodiment. The components shown include the skimmer blade 26 and skimmer drive 27. FIG. 5A is a front view of the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16. FIG. 1 is a side view of the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16. The skimmer cassette pontoon 25 is coupled to one or more skimmer cassette pontoons 25, and the skimmer blades are The waste is scooped up or pressurized to float from the water surface. The blade 26 is connected to the skimmer drive, and the skimmer drive 27 moves according to the water flow. The skimmer blade 26 is configured to move at this time. The movement of the skimmer blade is generally The skimmer blade 26 is usually in the opposite direction to the water flow. It has a width large enough to allow scooping deep into the water, and extends from the surface of the water to a certain depth. This ensures that the skimmer blade 26 removes waste from a consistent depth in the liquid, The skimmer blade removes floating waste from the stream by carrying it against the flow. By extending the blade 26 slightly below the surface of the liquid flow, it can do more than just skim the surface. The skimmer drive 27 has a variable speed motor that adjusts the speed. It is also possible to adjust the scooping speed based on the speed of the ship and the amount of waste being lifted. In one embodiment, the skimmer cassette pontoons 25 are floating in the channel. Skimmer cassette assembly 16 floats on the skimmer cassette pontoon 25 at a height of This allows fine adjustment of the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 Skimmer blades to floating beach auger assembly position that best suits your buoyancy requirements It is possible to reduce the amount of microplastics bound to nanobubbles and efficiently collect them. The Skimmer Cassette Pontoon 25 is a skimmer cassette assembly. It is made of a suitable material to enhance the buoyancy of the assembly. For example, the skimmer cassette The Pontoon 25 is made from materials such as polyurethane, fiberglass, nylon, and stainless steel. However, this is not limited to this.

[0099] FIG. 6 illustrates the salvage of a floating skimmer cassette assembly in one embodiment. This mechanism is a floating skimmer. Can be used to adjust the cassette 16 to the position of the beach auger assembly The mechanism for lifting the floating skimmer cassette assembly allows the floating The floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 is then lifted out of the water and Inspection and maintenance of the cassette assembly is performed, or the filter vessel is moved to another location. It is also possible to move at high speed when sailing or returning to land. The mechanism for lifting the skimmer cassette assembly 16 is the floating skimmer cassette assembly. An electric winch mounted on Bridge 16 can be used. Four pivots The skimmer cassette is then moved to the floating position by the skimmer arm 28, which controls the arcuate movement of the floating skimmer cassette. Maintains the horizontal plane of the skimmer cassette assembly 16. Pivot swing arm 2 The top of 8 is connected to a fixed pillow block bearing 29 attached to the bottom of the hull. , the lower part is attached to the four sides of the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 The electric motor winch 31 is mounted on a second pillow block bearing 30. It is attached to the floating skimmer cassette assembly by a cable assembly. When the floating skimmer cassette assembly 16 is lowered into position, it - Located on top of Beech Auger Assembly 17, it is the load of the winch and pivoting swing arm. Reduce the load. The pressure transducer senses the buoyancy of the floating skimmer cassette and adjusts the required tension. (tension). At this time, the winch cable is connected to the floating skimmer cassette 16 is adjusted for proper vertical position over the skimmer beach auger assembly 17. The electric motor winch 31 is connected to a cable tension sensor 32. When it detects that the tension has loosened, the floating skimmer cassette 16 The cable tension sensor 32 is connected to the tether of the articulation mechanism. This keeps the tension sensor in the cable at a designated location. The tension rod maintains its position while moving flexibly with the movement of the cable. The tension sensor 32 is connected to the winch cable tension sensor 32 of the floating skimmer cassette 16. Each floating skimmer cassette is equipped with an optical position sensor. The Skimmer Beach Auger Assembly 17 is monitored by the surgeon for proper positioning. The collected microplastics are discharged into the Augur appropriately. The sensor sends a signal to the ballast control system to trigger the skimmer beach auger assembly 17 The position of the upper floating skimmer cassette 16 is controlled.

[0100] In one embodiment, the floating skimmer cassette 16 replaces the winch and cable. Some also use hydraulic lifting devices to raise and lower the platform.

[0101] FIG. 7 shows a side view of the skimmer beach auger assembly 17. It is designed to span the width of the tank and has a sloped surface to allow for initial dewatering of the waste. The skimmer blades of the Floating Skimmer Cassette 16 are designed to float on the sloping beach surface. By moving the surface, the microplastics and excess water from the bubbles are expelled from the water flow. The angle of the beach slope can be set to any suitable angle for the purpose. In one embodiment, In some cases, the angle is set within a range of 10 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees from the horizontal. Some are set at 15 degrees or more and less than 30 degrees. The assembly 17 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, polypropylene, and fiberglass. The floating sludge auger (herein referred to as auger channel 19) is formed of a material that can be used for the auger. The auger can be housed in a 19 mm suction cup (not shown) to suppress waves. As waste and foam move down the sloping beach, gravity will allow them to fall into the channel. The skimmer bee rotates to move waste and bubbles out of the auger channel 19. Wave suppression of the tiaugu assembly 17 is achieved by a wave suppressor, or leading edge, 17E. These have an internal curved radius that transfers the force and energy of the waves into the water inside the channel. The wave-suppressing leading edge 17E faces downwards towards the skimmer beach. Located at the tip of the Augur Assembly 17, the curved internal radius helps to dissipate the force and energy of the waves. The inner curved radius is designed to suppress waves. In one embodiment, the inner curved radius is 45-90 degrees from the horizontal.

[0102] Figure 8 shows a three-dimensional view of a filter boat moving in the direction of D. Intrusion prevention system 1, marine life intrusion prevention system with visual effects 2, inclined conveyor 1, a compaction discharge device 13, and a container for accumulating the compacted and dewatered waste are shown. There are also loading cranes 8 for loading the loaded containers onto barges or other ships, and a loading and unloading crane 9 for loading the loaded containers onto barges or other ships. Crane 7 is also shown.

[0103] Figure 9 shows the nanobubbles, larger bubbles, and waste products in one embodiment using flotation. The nanobubbles are negatively charged and the positively charged microplastics interact with each other. They are attracted to and attach to particles such as water, forming larger bubbles that increase the size and buoyancy of the particles. By spreading the bubble downstream, a blanket of bubbles is formed, increasing the rate of ascent. This can accelerate and strengthen the floating of nanobubbles and waste aggregates. When larger bubbles collide with these aggregates, they exert an upward force on the aggregates, causing the aggregates to expand even further. As shown here, the skimmer blade is The aggregates are then scooped off from the surface.

[0104] Figure 10 shows a comparison of the sizes of nanobubbles, microbubbles, and fine bubbles. Typical nanobubbles are between 40 and 200 nanometers (nm) in size. In an area with 9-10 microbubbles and 1 fine bubble, nanobubbles are This indicates that there are 10,000 nanobubbles. Nanobubbles are physically invisible to the naked eye. However, to confirm the presence of nanobubbles in water, it is necessary to diffuse the green laser light. Nanobubbles are dispersed as micro-nanobubbles of about 50 microns, and are then passed through the diffuser. The size is reduced by the gas pressure generated by the liquid and the ions present at the interface between the liquid and the gas. This phenomenon increases the concentration of ions at the surface of the bubble, which in turn increases the pressure inside the bubble. The temperature of the bubble also rises. Then, radicals such as OH- are formed on the surface of the bubble, and the surface It becomes negatively charged.

[0105] Figure 11 shows how the surface charge of nanobubbles attracts particles and microplastics in the water. First, nanobubbles are micro-nano bubbles of about 50 microns. The pressure of the gas generated by the diffuser and the impingement at the interface between the liquid and the gas are The bubbles are reduced in size by ions, and radicals such as OH- are formed on the surface of the bubbles. The surface of the foam becomes negatively charged due to the accumulation of radicals such as the hydroxyl radical OH-. The nanobubbles are then attracted to positively charged particles such as microplastics. Most microplastics are positively charged. It is known that when nanobubbles are attracted to and attached to the surface, the overall particle size As it grows larger, it bonds with other particles and its overall mass rises, increasing the buoyancy force.

[0106] 12A-12D show embodiments of a water treatment system that removes waste from various flow rates. As shown in FIG. 12A, the treatment area of ​​the liquid flows through the treatment system. The liquid is defined as the width W, the depth D, and the length L of the liquid. As described here, W is generally one or more or multiple of the width of the channel, and the depth D is generally used to inject nanobubbles and larger bubbles into the liquid. The length L is the depth of the nozzle of the nanobubble infuser into which the nanobubble is injected. Length L is the length of the liquid handling channel that handles the waste. Defined by the furthest skimmer blade (see Figure IB). Because the skimmer blades are part of one or more floating skimmer cassettes The length L is adjustable to accommodate the floating skimmer cassette in the processing area. As shown in Figures 12B-12D, the length can be increased by moving the hole away from the entrance. The length of the treatment area is adjustable, allowing the liquid treatment system to accommodate a range of flow rates. The length L is generally determined by the flow rate of the liquid and the accumulation of nanobubbles and waste materials. It is defined by the buoyancy rate of an object (see Figure 13). Figure 12B shows the treatment efficiency at a depth of 5 meters, a flow rate of 2.5 m / s, and an ascent rate. This shows the effect on rear length. Figure 12C shows the process at a depth of 5 meters, a flow rate of 2.5 m / s, and a given rate of ascent. The effect on the length of the area is shown. Figure 12D shows the relationship between the flow rate and ascent at a depth of 5 meters and a flow rate of 2.5 m / s. 1 shows an example of a treatment area that depends on the rate.

[0107] Conceptually, the length of the treatment area is generally determined by the length of the floating skimmer cassette assembly. The floating assembly is limited by the position of the If it is placed infinitely far from the inlet, the flow rate becomes infinite. By increasing the width of the rear, the volume flow rate can be made infinite. The ability to expand in length and accommodate different flow rates makes it possible to implement treatment systems that float on large volumes of water. For example, a vessel equipped with a processing system may be able to navigate geographically impeded land-based waterways. The treatment area can be extended at sea compared to the above treatment area. The system can change the floating rate of nanobubbles and waste aggregates, allowing for even larger flow rates. The processing system can also process the data to increase the system capacity. By increasing the length of the air hole, it is possible to handle very high flow rates and improve the floatation rate of the bubble blanket. The point is that it can be improved.

[0108] The bubble blanket's rising speed affects the length of the treatment area because large bubbles This is because the effect of the blanket on the floating rate of nanobubbles and waste aggregates changes. The ascent rate is generally a function of the liquid flow rate and the disposal rate of the floating skimmer cassette assembly. The length of the treatment area is designed to match the length of the treatment area from the entrance. Prior to the mouth, a collection of nanobubbles and waste materials can be caused to rise to the surface from a depth D. At the exit of the treatment area, a skimmer blade scoops up the nanobubbles and waste aggregates. However, the processing system can be configured to increase the ascent rate. The nanobubbles and waste aggregates are then collected before the final floating skimmer cassette assembly. Please note that you can configure it to rise later. This configuration for the rate of ascent is The nanobubbles and waste aggregates are calculated to rise after the last skimmer blade. With other variables being equal, the rate at which waste is removed is determined by the location of the last skimmer blade. Please understand that the floating rate of nanobubbles and waste aggregates will be smaller than that of the previous period. I would like to have it.

[0109] Figure 13A shows the rate of bubble rise for various vessel speeds (which determine the speed of the water current). Here, the treatment area is 5 meters deep and the resulting treatment energy The graph shows the rear (ascent) length of the bubble at the nominal bubble rise rate of 0.25 m. The length of the processing area is shown in / sec. In one embodiment, the vessel has the following range of characteristics related to ascent rate: Vessel speed is approximately 2-16 knots, or 1–8 m / s (e.g., 5 knots at optimum design speed). Rate of ascent is 0.2 per second. 5-0.40 meters. The depth of the nanobubble diffusion range is about 1-10 meters (at a ship speed of 8 The removal efficiency of nanobubbles and accumulated waste is 5 meters per knot. The nanobubbles collected by the blanket and the accumulated waste are transported to the sea at a speed of 100 km / h. As long as you surface within the ship's processing (surfacing) area, your speed will be essentially the same. Therefore, the faster the ship speed, the longer the ship's handling area should be to accommodate the fluffy floating buoys. The blanket needs to be retrieved. The slower the ship's speed, the greater the density of nanobubbles and larger bubbles. Therefore, at higher speeds, the optimum floating blanket density is To maintain this level, more nanobubbles and larger bubbles need to be diffused.

[0110] The functionality of the treatment systems disclosed herein is determined by the flow rate of liquid through the treatment area. 13A is the flow rate (meters per second and knots per second), approximately 0.25m / s from a depth of 5 meters The rate of rise of a large bubble blanket in meters per second and the resulting required processing area. This is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. Not shown. In one embodiment, the treatment system has a flow rate of 5.14 m3 / sec (cubic meters per second). This embodiment is configured to handle volumetric flow rates of 1 m / s (approximately 2 nsec) or more. The figures show the flow rate per metre (per metre) and the treatment area per metre width at a depth of approximately 5 metres. In this embodiment, the ascent rate is approximately 0.25 meters per second, resulting in the required The length of the treatment area is at least 20 meters (see line A). The system is configured to handle a volumetric flow rate of approximately 12.86 m3 / s. Treatment per metre width at a flow rate of 2.5m / s (approximately 5 knots) and a depth of approximately 5 metres In this embodiment, the ascent rate is approximately 0.25 meters per second. As a result, the required length is at least 51 metres (see line C). In an embodiment, the treatment area is configured to treat a volumetric flow rate of approximately 25.72 m3 / s. In this embodiment, a flow rate of 5 m / s (approximately 10 knots) and a depth of approximately 5 m are used. The figure shows the treatment area per meter width at 1000 torr. In this embodiment, the lift rate is 0.25 meters per second, so the required length is at least 102 meters. (see line E).

[0111] Figure 13B shows the flow rate (meters per second and knots per second) of approximately 0.2 m from a depth of 2.5 m. A large foam blanket rise rate of 5 m / s (meters per second), resulting in the required The relationship between the length of the processing area (floating) is shown in FIG. 2. This embodiment is configured to handle a volumetric flow rate of 57 m3 / sec or greater. Flow rate per second (approximately 2 knots) and treatment area per metre width at a depth of approximately 2.5 metres In this embodiment, the ascent rate is approximately 0.25 m / sec, which results in The required length will be at least 10 meters (see line A). The treatment system is configured to treat a volumetric flow rate of 6.43 m3 / sec or greater. The embodiment of the present invention is suitable for a flow rate of 2.57 m / s (approximately 5 knots) and a depth of approximately 2.5 meters. The treatment area per meter width is shown. In this embodiment, the floating rate is approximately 0.2 5 meters per second, resulting in a required length of at least 25 meters. (See line C) In another embodiment, the treatment area has a volumetric flow rate of approximately 12.86 m3 / s. In this embodiment, the suction pump is configured to handle a current of 5 m / s (approximately 10 knots). The figures show the amount of water and the treatment area per metre width at a depth of approximately 2.5 metres. In the illustrated embodiment, the rate of ascent is approximately 0.25 meters per second, resulting in a required length will be at least 51 metres (see line E).

[0112] Similar to Figures 13A and 13B, Figures 14A and 14B show the flow rate when the bubble rise rate is 0.4 m / sec. The relationship between the amount of water and the length and depth of the treatment (floating) area is shown. As shown here, the flow rate is These range from 1 m / s to over 8 m / s, although higher flow rates are possible.

[0113] Figures 15A-15D show the flow patterns of various channels when the bubble rise rate is 0.25 m / s. The removal rate is a measure of the speed and efficiency of waste removal at the depth of the channel. The amount of waste smaller than 25.0 mm that is removed from the liquid stream exiting the treatment area is This shows the ratio of the amount of waste smaller than 25.0 mm contained in the liquid entering A. In one embodiment, the removal rate of waste particles of 10.0 mm or less is shown, and in another embodiment, indicates the removal rate of waste of 2.0 mm or less, and in another embodiment, indicates the removal rate of waste of 1.0 mm or less In one embodiment, the waste material is microplastics. As shown here, the removal rate of such a configuration varies with volumetric flow rate. This is a graph of the removal rate per unit of flow rate. The flow speed is 2.5 m / s, and the floating rate is 0.25 m / s. Seconds, the processing (surfacing) area is 20 meters wide, 5 meters deep, and 50 meters long. For example, a volumetric flow rate of 150 m3 / s can provide a 90% removal rate. A volumetric flow rate of 330 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of 75%. At a volumetric flow rate of 500 m3 / s, the removal rate is more than 50%. The graph shows the removal rate per unit volume of treated water. The flow speed is 5 m / s, the floating rate is 0.25 m / s, and the treatment volume is 100 g. The surface area is 20 meters wide, 2.5 meters deep, and 50 meters long. For example, by setting the volumetric flow rate at 110 m3 / sec, a removal rate of 90% or more can be obtained. A volumetric flow rate of 270 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of more than 75%. At a volumetric flow rate of 410 m3 / s, the removal rate is more than 50%. This is a graph of the removal rate per cumulative flow rate. The flow speed is 4m / s, and the floating rate is 0.25m / s. The treatment (surfacing) area is 20 meters wide, 2.5 meters deep, and 50 meters long. For example, by setting the volumetric flow rate at 80m3 / sec, a removal rate of 90% or more can be obtained. A volumetric flow rate of 220 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of more than 75%. At a volumetric flow rate of 360 m3 / s, the removal rate is more than 50%. This is a graph of the removal rate per volume flow rate. The flow speed is 8 m / s and the floating rate is 0.25 m / s. Seconds, the processing (surfacing) area is 20 meters wide, 2.5 meters deep, and 50 meters long. For example, by setting the volumetric flow rate to 110 m3 / sec, a removal rate of 90% or more can be achieved. A volumetric flow rate of 270 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of more than 75%. At a volumetric flow rate of 410 m3 / s, the removal rate is more than 50%.

[0114] Figures 16A and 16B show the flow patterns of various channels when the bubble rise rate is 0.4 m / s. Figure 16D shows the waste removal efficiency versus volume and channel depth. This is a graph of the removal rate per unit of flow rate. The flow speed is 4 m / s, the floating rate is 0.4 m / s, and the treatment The surface area is 20 metres wide, 5 metres deep and 50 metres long. For example, by setting the volumetric flow rate at 150 m3 / sec, a removal rate of 90% or more can be achieved. A volumetric flow rate of 330 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of more than 75%, At a volumetric flow rate of 500 m3 / s, the removal rate is more than 50%. This is a graph of the removal rate per unit of flow rate. The flow speed is 8 m / s, the floating rate is 0.4 m / s, and the treatment The surface area is 20 meters wide, 2.5 meters deep, and 50 meters long. For example, by setting the volumetric flow rate at 190 m3 / sec, a removal rate of 90% or more can be obtained. A volumetric flow rate of 380 m3 / s can achieve a removal rate of more than 75%. Cut.

[0115] The waste removal rate within a treatment area can also be set according to the treatment area configuration. In general, the removal rate is determined by how much of the waste is covered with a blanket of nanobubbles and larger bubbles. The more waste that floats in the treatment area, the more waste that can be removed. The degree of waste rise depends on the speed of the liquid flow and the presence of a larger foam blanket. Depends on the rate of ascent and the length and depth of the treatment area. These factors may vary in different embodiments. In order to achieve this, it is advantageous to have an adjustable processing area. It can be used at any flow rate as long as the ascent rate and the depth and length of the treatment area are properly matched to the flow velocity. It is possible to process any waste material in a wide range of processing areas. As a result, in one embodiment, the waste The percentage of waste material removed from the liquid is at least 30%, and in other embodiments the percentage of waste material removed is less. In another embodiment, the ratio is at least 50%, in another embodiment, at least 70%, and in another embodiment, at least These removal rates are achieved by properly matching the flotation rate with the depth and length of the treatment area. This removal rate can be achieved at any flow rate as long as the width of the treatment area is appropriately set. Any volumetric flow rate can be achieved as long as the flow rate is within the range of 100 rpm.

[0116] Generally, as shown in Figure 17A, the flow rate is about 5 m3 / sec or more (e.g., 2 knots, and the treatment energy is The volumetric flow rate of the rear (5 meters) allows the removal of waste at any rate. In the figure, this is the area to the right of 5 m3 / sec. The system will have more than 50% waste at any given volumetric flow rate, as shown by the area above 50% on the graph. The treatment system can be configured to remove waste materials. As shown in the area indicated, more than 50% of the waste is removed at a volumetric flow rate of 5 m3 / s. It can be configured as follows.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 17B, in another embodiment, the flow rate is about 15 m3 / sec or more (e.g., 6 knots). The waste can be removed at any rate at a volumetric rate of 5 meters (depth of treatment area). The treatment system can be configured so that the area to the right of 15 m3 / sec in the figure is Furthermore, the treatment system is able to achieve a desired volumetric flow rate, as shown by the area above 70% of the graph. The treatment system can be configured to remove more than 70% of the waste. As shown in the area shown in the explanation above the rough, at a volumetric flow rate of 15 m3 / s, more than 70% The device may be configured to remove waste materials.

[0118] As shown in FIG. 17C, in another embodiment, the flow rate is about 26 m3 / sec or more (e.g., at a flow rate of 10 knots or less). The waste can be removed at any rate at a volumetric rate of 5 meters (depth of treatment area). The treatment system can be configured so that the area to the right of 26 m3 / sec in the figure is Furthermore, the treatment system is able to achieve a desired volumetric flow rate, as shown by the area above 90% of the graph. The treatment system can be configured to remove more than 90% of the waste. As shown in the area shown in the explanation above the rough, more than 90% of the volume flow rate of 26 m3 / s The device may be configured to remove waste materials.

[0119] Please note that the above volumetric flow rates depend on the width per metre of the treatment area. By increasing the width of the channels and processing areas, the volumetric flow rate can be increased. Especially when processing on a floating boat, the width can be increased to create a very large channel. This is a major advantage as it allows the creation of

[0120] Please note that the above volumetric flow rates depend on the width and depth of the treatment area per meter. For example, in the above example using a depth of 5 meters, dividing the volumetric flow rate by the depth of 5 meters gives The volumetric flow rate per meter width and per meter depth of the treatment area can be defined.

[0121] In the embodiment using the 5 meter depth above, the volumetric flow rate can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the depth. Please understand that it is possible to increase or decrease the amount.

[0122] Can be configured to vary the volumetric flow rate, and is particularly suited to high flow rates Therefore, the embodiment of the present treatment system can be operated continuously. This is an example of a major advantage when configuring a floating ship for processing purposes. is working to remove microplastic waste that has been floating in the ocean for a long time. In this case, a processing system is constructed on a marine vessel.

[0123] Although the present invention has been described in some specific form, it should be understood that the above description is merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and since modifications and variations of the present invention may be easily made by those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited to the description, construction, and operation set forth herein, and any modifications or equivalents of the present invention should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents. (Explanation of symbols) 1,2: Aquatic organism prevention system 1. Sound-based fish prevention system 1: Acoustic system to prevent marine life from entering 10: Sloping Augur 10: Inclined conveyor 100: A processing system consisting of a floating vessel on the water surface 12: Hopper 13: Trash compression / baler (bundling machine) / extruder 13: Garbage compression and extrusion unit 13: Waste compaction or discharge equipment 14: Restrictor plate 14: Restrictor plate mechanism 15: Container 16: Skimmer cassette 16: Skimmer cassette assembly (also called surface flocculation skimming device) 16: Floating skimmer 16: Floating skimmer cassette 16: Floating skimmer cassette assembly 17: Skimmer beach assembly or skimmer beach auger assembly (also called equipment for lifting scooped waste out of the water) 17: Skimmer Beach and Augur Housing 17E: Wave suppression, or leading edge 18: Nanobubble diffuser manifolds (manifolds: multi-branched pipes) 18: Nano bubble diffuser manifold 18: Nanobubble diffusion manifold 18: Bubble diffuser manifold 19: Augur channel (also called a groove in the shape of a depression) 2. Visual fish prevention system with high-intensity underwater LED lights 2: Visual effects to prevent marine life from entering 22: Larger bubble diffuser 22: Larger bubble diffusion manifold 22: Bubble diffusion manifold with rough bubbles 22: Installed at the bottom of the processing area 22: Coarse bubble diffuser 22: Coarse bubble diffuser or manifold 23: Partition 24: Pontoon (also called a floating support) 24: Hull 25: Skimmer cassette pontoon 25: Floating pontoon 26: Skimmer blade (It is also called a belt-like object with multiple blades that are oriented horizontally to the direction of travel in order to scoop up aggregates on the water surface.) 27: Skimmer Drive 28: Swing arm 28: Pivot swingarm 29: Pillow block bearing 3: Self-cleaning debris screen (screen=filter) used in the primary filtration process 3: Self-cleaning dirt screen 3: Self-cleaning debris screen used in the primary filtration process 3: Multiple turbidity sensors installed on the hull and channel walls 30: Second pillow block bearing 31: Horizontal augur (augur: a connecting clue = conveyor, etc.) 31: Electric motor winch 32: Cable tension sensor 33: Turbidity sensor 4: Rake moving upwards 5,10:Conveyor 5: Horizontal auger or conveyor 5: Horizontal conveyor 50: Flow-through band filter (filter = screen) for removing sludge (sediment) 50: Multiple band screens or drum (drum-shaped) screens 50: Flow-through band filter 50: Flow-through band filter or belt filter 6: Self-cleaning fine screen 6: Fine mesh self-cleaning screen 7: Deck crane 7: Main deck crane 8: Bow crane (charging crane) 8: Charging crane 9: Sloping Augur D: Depth of liquid flowing through the treatment system D: The nozzle depth of a nanobubble infuser, which typically injects nanobubbles and larger bubbles into a liquid. D:Depth L: Length of liquid flowing through the treatment system L: Generally defined by the flow rate of the liquid and the floating rate of nanobubbles and waste accumulation L: Length of the liquid processing channel that typically handles waste L: Defined as the furthest skimmer blade of the skimmer that scoops waste from the water surface W: typically the width of one or more channels W: Width of the liquid flowing through the treatment system

Claims

1. 1. A treatment system for removing waste from a liquid stream, comprising: 1) a treatment area formed by a channel and a depth; 2) the channel formed by one or more channel guides, the channel guides configured to direct the flow of liquid from an inlet to an outlet of a processing area; 3) a liquid stream containing positively charged waste; 4) a nanobubble diffuser system configured to be submerged to a depth within the liquid flow; 5) A depth that defines the bottom of the treatment area. 6) the nanobubble diffuser system for diffusing a plurality of negatively charged nanobubbles into a liquid flow, the nanobubbles being configured to adhere to waste material to form nanobubble-waste aggregates that rise to the surface of the liquid flow in a processing area by increasing buoyancy; and 7) A skimmer cassette assembly (also called a surface agglomerate skimmer) configured to skim the nanobubbles and waste agglomerates from the liquid. The process of skimming agglomerates from the liquid by the skimmer cassette assembly results in the amount of waste in the liquid being less at the outlet of the treatment area than at the inlet.

2. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: The liquid flow is from a larger liquid source, such as an ocean or a lake; and The channel guide and the nanobubble diffuser system are operably attached to a vessel that floats in the larger liquid source.

3. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: the liquid flow is from a larger liquid source, such as an ocean or a lake; The rate of flow of the liquid through the channel is determined by the rate of flow through the channel from the larger liquid source; and A position of the skimmer cassette assembly relative to the nanobubble diffuser system depends on the ascent rate of the nanobubbles, the flow rate of the liquid through the channel, and the depth of the channel.

4. 10. The processing system of claim 1, further comprising: 8) A larger bubble bubble diffuser system, the larger bubbles being nano-sized, is placed in the middle and downstream direction of the liquid flow from the nano bubble diffuser system or near the bottom of the processing area; and 9) A bubble diffuser system for larger bubbles, which are larger than nano-sized bubbles, is configured to diffuse a plurality of large bubbles by a liquid flow, and this configuration causes the plurality of large bubbles to form a floating blanket of large bubbles (also referred to as a state in which large bubbles cover one surface), improving the floating rate of the nanobubbles and waste aggregates.

5. 5. The treatment system according to claim 4, wherein a distance between the skimmer cassette assembly and the nanobubble diffuser system is determined based on a floating rate of the nanobubbles and agglomerates of waste material.

6. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein the skimmer cassette assembly includes the following components: a) a skimmer blade (a belt-like structure with multiple blades oriented transverse to the direction of travel for skimming off surface aggregates) connected to a skimmer drive configured to move the skimmer blade in line with the flow of the liquid; b) the relative movement of the skimmer blades is in the opposite direction to the flow of the liquid; and c) the skimmer blades are configured to extend from the surface of the liquid stream to a skimming depth such that the skimmer blades draw the nanobubbles and waste material aggregates from the fluid stream to the skimming depth and move the waste material within the liquid stream in a direction opposite to the fluid flow.

7. 7. The treatment system of claim 6, wherein the skimmer cassette assembly further includes a skimmer beach assembly having a sloping surface (also referred to as a surface sloping to correspond to the sloping tip of the skimmer cassette assembly), the skimmer beach assembly (also referred to as a tool for lifting scooped up waste from water) propels the waste up the sloping surface and, as the skimmer blades move along the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly, the waste is forced out of the fluid flow (also referred to as the skimmer beach assembly receives the waste scooped up by the skimmer cassette assembly and lifts the waste from the water).

8. 8. The treatment system of claim 7, wherein the skimmer beach assembly further comprises: I. An augur channel in the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly. hereinafter the same), wherein the auger channel allows the waste to be deposited in the auger channel as the skimmer blade passes over the sloped surface of the skimmer beach assembly; II. an auger (meaning a means for removing waste) installed in the auger channel and configured to remove the waste from the auger channel; and III. A wave suppressing edge formed into the leading edge of the skimmer beach assembly, the wave suppressing edge configured to suppress turbulence in the treatment area.

9. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: The waste material includes: Plastic waste containing microplastics with a size of 25.0 mm or less; and Other waste with a size of 25.0 mm or more; and The liquid includes a liquid that is mainly composed of water.

10. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: The waste comprises plastic waste containing microplastics of size 2.0 mm or less; and The liquid includes a liquid that is mainly composed of water.

11. 10. The processing system of claim 1, further comprising: a) a plurality of large waste products in said liquid stream; a) one or more debris screens disposed upstream of the nano bubble diffuser system, the one or more debris screens capable of removing a portion of the larger waste material from the liquid stream; and c) one or more band screens (strip-shaped filter-like devices) positioned downstream of the nano bubble diffuser system, which can further remove waste materials from the liquid stream.

12. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: The volumetric flow rate of the liquid stream is greater than or equal to 1 cubic meter per second in the width of the channel of the treatment area of ​​1 meter and in the depth of the treatment area of ​​1 meter; and A system wherein the amount of said waste material in said liquid stream at said outlet of said treatment area is at least 50% less than the amount of said waste material in said liquid stream at said inlet of said treatment area.

13. 13. The treatment system of claim 12, wherein the depth of the treatment area is 5 meters.

14. 13. The treatment system of claim 12, wherein the waste comprises plastic debris including microplastics of sizes 25.0 mm or less.

15. 10. The processing system of claim 1, wherein: a volumetric flow rate of the liquid stream is greater than or equal to 3 cubic meters per second over a 1 meter width of the channel in the treatment area and a 1 meter depth of the treatment area; The waste comprises plastic waste containing microplastics of 25.0 mm or less in size; and A system wherein the amount of said waste material in said liquid stream at said outlet of said treatment area is at least 90% less than the amount of said waste material in said liquid stream at said inlet of said treatment area.

16. 16. The treatment system of claim 15, wherein the depth of the treatment area is 5 meters.

17. 16. The treatment system of claim 15, wherein the waste comprises plastic debris including microplastics of sizes 25.0 mm or less.

18. 1. A floating skimmer cassette assembly for use in a liquid treatment system for filtering a stream of liquid, the floating skimmer cassette assembly including: (a) a skimmer blade (also called a belt-like object with multiple blades oriented transverse to the direction of travel for skimming water surface aggregates) operably coupled to one or more pontoons (also called flotation aids) of a skimmer cassette assembly, the skimmer blade being positioned near the surface of the liquid flow; (i) the skimmer blade operatively coupled to a skimmer drive, the skimmer drive configured to move the skimmer blade in response to a flow of liquid; (c) the relative movement of the skimmer blades is in a direction opposite to the flow of the liquid; and (e) A floating skimmer cassette assembly, wherein the skimmer blades have a configuration that extends from a surface of the liquid stream to a skimming depth, whereby the skimmer blades engage waste materials from the liquid stream at the skimming depth and move the waste materials in the liquid stream in a direction opposite to the fluid flow.

19. 20. A floating skimmer cassette assembly as described in claim 18, further comprising a skimmer beach assembly (also known as a device for lifting scooped waste from the water) having a sloping surface, the skimmer beach assembly moving the waste material in a direction opposite to the flow of the liquid, and as the skimmer blade moves over the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly, the waste material passes over the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly and is removed from the flow of the liquid.

20. 20. The floating skimmer cassette assembly of claim 19, wherein the skimmer beach assembly further comprises: A) an auger channel in the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly, in which the waste material accumulates as the skimmer blade passes over the sloping surface of the skimmer beach assembly; B) an auger (meaning a means for removing waste) installed in the auger channel and configured to remove the waste from the auger channel; and C) a wave dampening edge attached to the tip of the skimmer beach assembly, the wave dampening edge dampening turbulence of the liquid flow.

21. 1. A subject-, environment- and condition-dependent scalable liquid treatment system for removing waste products from a liquid stream, the system comprising: (1) A processing area defined by the width, depth and length of the channel; (2) the width of the channel defined by one or more channel guides configured to direct the flow of the liquid from an inlet to an outlet of the processing area; (3) a nanobubble diffuser system configured to be submerged in the liquid stream to the depth; (4) the depth defining the bottom of the treatment area; (5) a skimmer cassette assembly located at a selected location from an entrance to the processing area and defining the length of the processing area; (6) said liquid stream containing positively charged waste; (7) a nanobubble diffuser system configured to diffuse a plurality of negatively charged nanobubbles into the liquid stream, whereby the nanobubbles adhere to the waste material to form nanobubble-waste aggregates and increase the buoyancy of the aggregates, thereby causing the aggregates to rise toward the surface of the liquid stream in the processing area; and (8) A skimmer cassette assembly configured to remove the nanobubbles and waste aggregates from the liquid stream, the skimmer cassette assembly causing the amount of the waste in the liquid stream to be less at the outlet of the treatment area than at the inlet.

22. 22. The liquid treatment system of claim 21 , wherein a position of the skimmer cassette assembly relative to the nano bubble diffuser system is determined by the lift-off rate of the nano bubbles, the velocity of the liquid flow through the channel width and the depth.

23. 22. The liquid treatment system of claim 21 , wherein the liquid flow has a volumetric flow rate of at least 1 cubic meter per second over the 1 meter width of the channel in the treatment area and the 1 meter depth of the treatment area.

24. 22. A liquid treatment system according to claim 21, wherein the flow of liquid in the 1 meter width of the channel in the treatment area and the 1 meter depth of the treatment area has a volumetric flow rate of at least 3 cubic metres per second.

25. 22. The liquid treatment system of claim 21, comprising: the liquid flow has a volumetric flow rate of at least 1 cubic meter per second across the width of the channel in the treatment area of ​​1 meter and across the depth of the treatment area of ​​1 meter; The waste comprises plastic waste containing microplastics of size 25.0 mm or less; and A system wherein the amount of said waste material in said liquid stream is at least 50% less at said outlet of said treatment area than at said inlet of said treatment area.

26. 22. The liquid treatment system of claim 21, comprising: the liquid flow has a volumetric flow rate of at least 3 cubic meters per second across the width of the channel in the treatment area of ​​1 meter and across the depth of the treatment area of ​​1 meter; The waste comprises plastic waste containing microplastics of size 25.0 mm or less; and A system wherein the amount of waste material in the liquid stream is at least 90% less in volume at the outlet of the processing area than at the inlet of the processing area.

27. 1. A filter vessel comprising a hull forming one or more channels through which waste-laden water may be removed, the filter vessel comprising: (a) a nanobubble diffuser system configured to diffuse nanobubbles of air into a channeled stream of water between two or more vessels, contacting the waste material with the microbubbles such that agglomerates of the waste material and nanobubbles are formed; (b) the two or more hulls form one or more channels; (c) a diffusion system for larger bubbles, the larger bubbles being larger than nano-sized, configured to diffuse a blanket of larger air bubbles, the larger bubbles being larger than nano-sized, downstream of the nanobubble diffuser system, to increase the floating rate of the nanobubbles and waste aggregates; and A system in which the rate of diffusion of the nanobubbles and waste agglomerates into the blanket of larger air bubbles can be varied and controlled to tailor and adjust the floatation rate of the nanobubbles and waste agglomerates.

28. 28. The filter vessel of claim 27, further comprising a system comprising: (d) one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies disposed within the one or more channels; (e) the one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies are positioned downstream of the nano bubble diffuser system; and (f) each of the one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies includes: [1] A skimmer blade (a belt-like object with multiple blades oriented transverse to the direction of travel for skimming water surface flocculants) with multiple blades attached on one or more chains (also called belts) that has rotational mobility for skimming contaminants from the surface of the water; [2] one or more pontoons (also called flotation aids) attached to a support structure for the floating skimmer cassette assembly and configured to float the one or more floating skimmer cassette assemblies on the surface of the water; [3] a skimmer beach assembly having an inclined surface for receiving the scooped waste and lifting it out of the water; and [4] A wave suppression edge installed at the tip of the skimmer beach assembly to suppress waves in the incoming water and keep the treatment area calm and buoyant.

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