Heat transfer coefficient measuring device and method

Abstract

To provide a heat transmission coefficient measuring apparatus and method capable of easily measuring a heat transmission coefficient while, for example, each component having a complicated shape of an automobile is mounted on the automobile.SOLUTION: A heating box provided internally with heating means and blowing means to have non-permeability and heat insulation performance, a plurality of temperature measuring means for respectively measuring atmospheric temperature on a high temperature side of a heat insulation performance measuring object and atmospheric temperature on a low temperature side of the heat insulation performance measuring object, and a control part are provided and arranged so as to form a circuit in which a plurality of thermopiles or a plurality of heat flowmeters in the case that the thickness of a peripheral wall part is constant over the entire area of the peripheral wall part of the heating box, or the plurality of heat flowmeters in the case that the thickness of the peripheral wall part is not constant are serially connected at predetermined prescribed equal area intervals, the heating means and the blowing means in the heating box are controlled such that output voltage from the circuit obtained by serially connecting the plurality of thermopiles or the plurality of heat flowmeters, and a heat transmission coefficient is outputted on the basis of temperature information from the temperature measuring means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the thermal conductivity of a measurement object whose heat insulating performance is to be measured, and which is capable of measuring the thermal conductivity of the measurement object even if the surface shape of the measurement object is a flat surface, a curved surface, or a surface that varies in three dimensions. [Background technology]

[0002] Non-Patent Document 1 describes the calibrated heat box method and the protected heat box method as methods for measuring the thermal insulation of building components, and the protected heat box method is a technique in which a heating box is placed inside a protected heat box, the protected heat box is controlled to minimize the amount of heat loss parallel to the surface of the test piece and the amount of heat loss from the peripheral walls of the heating box, and the amount of heat passing through the test piece is measured based on the amount of heat supplied to the heating box, but it is difficult to measure under ideal conditions in which the amount of heat loss parallel to the surface of the test piece and the amount of heat loss from the peripheral walls of the heating box are both zero. Therefore, the calibrated heat box method, which is an improvement on the protected heat box method, discloses a technique in which the amount of heat passing through the test piece is measured by subtracting the amount of heat loss parallel to the surface of the test piece and the amount of heat loss from the peripheral walls of the heating box from the amount of heat supplied to the heating box.

[0003] Also, as described in "8.3 Thermopile," the thermopile is used to monitor the heat flow around the heating box wall, and "8.5 Temperature Control" states that the fluctuation of the air temperature in the heating box, protective heating box, and cooling chamber should be within 1% of the air temperature difference on both sides of the test specimen during two consecutive measurement periods. On the other hand, as described in "5.2 Calibration Heat Box Method," the entire device for the calibration heat box method is installed in a constant temperature room. "7.2.1 Box Construction" states that the heating box is attached to the test specimen with an airtight material.

[0004] Non-Patent Document 2 describes a method for testing the insulation of building materials, and discloses a method in which, as shown in "Figure 3: Calibrated heat box method test apparatus (cross section)", a test specimen is placed at the boundary between a high-temperature room and a low-temperature room, and a heat box is placed on the high-temperature room side of the test specimen, constructed in accordance with the provisions of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A1420, and the thermal conductivity of the test specimen is measured in accordance with said provisions.

[0005] Patent document 1 discloses an automatic heat transfer coefficient measuring device for a refrigerated vehicle body that calculates the heat transfer coefficient from dimensions such as the external dimensions of the refrigerated vehicle body, temperature information such as the temperature inside the refrigerated vehicle body, and a heater voltage transducer that detects the voltage of a heat transfer heater installed inside the refrigerated vehicle body and converts it into a digital quantity. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2-272334 [Non-patent literature]

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A1420 [Non-Patent Document 2] Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A4710 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] There is a demand for improved thermal insulation performance of the interior of automobiles to improve the efficiency of air conditioning performance and fuel economy of automobiles such as hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. Therefore, there is a demand for a method that can easily evaluate the thermal insulation performance of each part that forms the surrounding walls of the interior of an automobile in which passengers sit, such as a back door, front door, rear door, or roof.

[0009] In Non-Patent Document 1, as shown in Fig. 5(a), the thermal transmission coefficient is calculated from the amount of heat passing from one surface of a test piece 25 in contact with the high temperature side in the thickness direction to the other surface in contact with the low temperature side, by dividing the amount of heat passing through the test piece Φ1 by the value obtained by multiplying the area A perpendicular to the heat flow of the test piece 25 by the value obtained by subtracting the ambient temperature Tne on the cooling side from the ambient temperature Tni on the heating box 21 side, using a protective heat box method test device 20 equipped with a heating box 21, a protective heat box 22, a cooling chamber 23, a heating means 24, a ventilation means 26, and a test piece 25. In addition, it is required that the ambient temperature Tni on the heating box 21 side and the ambient temperature Tne on the cooling side are constant.

[0010] The amount of heat passing through the test piece Φ1 is calculated by subtracting the amount of heat Φ3 passing from the peripheral wall of the heating box 21 toward the protective heat box 22 and the amount of heat loss Φ2 parallel to the surface of the test piece 25 from the amount of heat generated Φp of the heating means 24 and the air blowing means 26 installed inside the heating box 21. "5.1 Protective heat box method" of Non-Patent Document 1 states that "Ideally, Φ2 = Φ3 = 0, but in actual measurements, it is difficult to make Φ2 = Φ3 = 0, and it is necessary to calibrate Φ2 and Φ3 with respect to Φp." This causes a problem in that it is troublesome to calibrate the amount of heat loss Φ2 and the amount of heat passing Φ3 in advance.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 5(b), the calibrated hot box test apparatus 30 of Non-Patent Document 2 is installed at the boundary between the high temperature chamber 32 and the low temperature chamber 33, and includes a heating box 31, a heating means 34, a blowing means 35 and a baffle 36 installed in the heating box 31, a baffle 38 and a blowing means 37 installed in the low temperature chamber 33, and a highly insulating mounting panel 39 on which a test specimen 40 is mounted. The flow of heat flow is almost the same as that of the protected hot box test apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 5(a), but the loss corresponding to the heat loss amount Φ2 parallel to the surface of the test specimen 40 is made almost negligible by the highly insulating mounting panel 39. Therefore, Non-Patent Document 2 also has a problem in that the heat amount Φ3 passing from the peripheral wall of the heating box 31 toward the high temperature chamber 32 must be calibrated in advance using a calibration plate with a known thermal resistance, which is troublesome.

[0012] 5(a) or 5(b), the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 20 specified in Non-Patent Document 1 and the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 30 specified in Non-Patent Document 2 are both specified for the purpose of measuring building components, and since both basically measure flat bodies, the upper edge shape of the heating box 21 or 31 is a straight shape without any unevenness. Therefore, in order to measure the heat transmission coefficient of a test body having a shape that changes in three dimensions, such as a back door of an automobile part, i.e., an insulation performance measurement object 10, it was necessary to manufacture a dedicated heating box 71 or protective heat box 72 so that the shape of the upper edge of the heating box 71 and the shape of the upper edge of the protective heat box 72 surrounding the heating box 71 match the shape of the three-dimensionally changing shape of the back door of an automobile part, as shown in, for example, FIG. 11 or FIG. 12.

[0013] For example, to measure the thermal conductivity of a back door of an automobile, a thermal conductivity measuring device 70 having a shape specifically for a back door is manufactured so that the shape of the upper edge of a heating box 71 in which a heating and air blowing means 73 equipped with a heating means 3 and an air blowing means 4 is installed and the shape of the top surface of a protective thermal box 72 match the shape of a back door 74, as shown in Fig. 11, and the back door 74 is placed on the opening of the thermal conductivity measuring device 70 to close the inside of the heating box 71 and measure the thermal conductivity, as shown in Fig. 12(a) or (b). This means that a thermal conductivity measuring device dedicated to a specific part must be manufactured for each part having a different shape, which results in extremely low investment efficiency and a problem of lack of space to store many types of thermal conductivity measuring devices.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient measuring device 20 defined in Non-Patent Document 1 and the heat transfer coefficient measuring device 30 defined in Non-Patent Document 2 are based on the premise that measurements are performed in a room such as a constant temperature room and that the part to be measured is brought in alone and attached to the heat transfer coefficient measuring device for measurement. This poses the troublesome problem that, for example, the back door of an automobile part must be removed from the automobile and brought in for measurement.

[0015] Furthermore, the housing of the cooling chamber of the heat transfer coefficient measuring device 20 defined in Non-Patent Document 1 or the heat transfer coefficient measuring device 30 defined in Non-Patent Document 2 is made of a light-shielding heat insulating material. For this reason, for example, radiant heat from natural light is generated on the exterior panel members of an automobile, but there was a problem in that it was not possible to grasp the heat transfer coefficient of the object to be measured for the heat transfer coefficient, which corresponds to the exterior panel member, due to the influence of the radiant heat from natural light.

[0016] The invention in Patent Document 1 evaluates the insulation performance of the entire refrigerated vehicle body, and has the problem that it is not possible to measure the thermal transmission coefficient, which indicates the insulation performance, of each component that makes up the vehicle.

[0017] The present invention was devised in consideration of these problems, and its objective is to provide a thermal conductivity measuring device and method that can easily measure the thermal conductivity of each part, for example a part of an automobile having a complex shape, while it is installed in the automobile. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device described in claim 1 is a heat transfer coefficient measuring device that measures the amount of heat passing from one surface of an object for heat insulation performance measurement, which is in contact with the high temperature side in the thickness direction, to the other surface of the object for heat insulation performance measurement, and is equipped with a heating box having air-tightness and heat insulation properties, in which a heating means and a blowing means are installed and an opening is blocked and put into a closed state when an object for heat insulation performance measurement is placed, a plurality of temperature measuring means that measure the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box, which is the high temperature side of the object for heat insulation performance measurement, and the atmospheric temperature of a space, which is the low temperature side of the object for heat insulation performance measurement, respectively, and a control unit that controls the heating means and calculates the heat transfer coefficient, characterized in that a plurality of thermopiles or a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged one by one at approximately equal area intervals so that the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface over the entire area of ​​the peripheral wall of the heating box can be measured by output voltage, a circuit is formed in which the plurality of thermopiles or the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series, and the control unit controls the heating means in the heating box so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of thermopiles or the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series becomes zero.

[0019] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, when the thickness of the peripheral wall of the heating box is approximately uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged over the entire inner surface or entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box, or a plurality of thermopiles are arranged over the entire inner surface and entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box, each at approximately equal area intervals.

[0020] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the case where the thickness of the peripheral wall of the heating box is non-uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged at approximately equal area intervals over the entire inner surface or the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box.

[0021] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 3, the setting of the approximately equal area intervals is such that, when the thermopile is arranged, the entire surface on each of the inner and outer sides of the peripheral wall of the heating box is set at the same equal area intervals, or when the heat flow meter is arranged, the entire surface on the inner or outer side of the peripheral wall of the heating box is set at equal area intervals, and the equal area intervals are set to approximately equal areas obtained by dividing the entire surface by any equal area division number of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions.

[0022] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device according to claim 5 is any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heating box is Inside the box The heating box is detachably installed from the box-shaped body, and is characterized in that the heating box is a bag-shaped heating bag having a peripheral wall portion that is air-tight, heat-insulating and flexible.

[0023] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 6 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 5, the housing forming the low-temperature side space is provided with a water-cooling type cooling means that cools the air inside the housing using a heat exchanger, or an air-cooling type cooling means that blows cold air into the housing.

[0024] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 7 is, in claim 6, characterized in that a glass wall section is provided on the wall section of the housing forming the low-temperature side space on the side facing the object for measuring thermal insulation performance, which allows radiation from a light source provided outside the housing to the object for measuring thermal insulation performance inside the housing.

[0025] The thermal transmittance measuring device described in claim 8 is characterized in that, in claim 7, a plate-shaped baffle plate provided between the glass wall portion and the object for measuring insulation performance and approximately parallel to the object for measuring insulation performance is a glass plate that allows radiation from the light source to the object for measuring insulation performance.

[0026] The thermal transmission coefficient measuring device described in claim 9 is the device according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a radiation intensity adjusting means for adjusting the intensity of the radiation on the object for measuring the thermal insulation performance inside the housing.

[0027] The thermal transmission coefficient measuring device described in claim 10 is any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a blowing means is provided near the glass wall portion between the glass wall portion and the object for measuring thermal insulation performance, and an airflow speed control means is provided that enables the speed of the airflow generated by the blowing means to reproduce a wind speed selected from wind speeds under natural conditions.

[0028] The heat transmission coefficient measuring method according to claim 11 is a method for measuring the heat transmission coefficient of an automobile door using a heating bag, the heating bag comprising a heating / air-blowing means disposed in an approximately central portion thereof and a peripheral wall portion capable of surrounding the heating / air-blowing means, the peripheral wall portion being non-breathable, heat-insulating and flexible, and when the thickness of the peripheral wall portion is not uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters are disposed one by one over the entire inner surface or the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall portion at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing the entire surface into equal area divisions of 5 to 80 equal area divisions, and the front The method is characterized in that it comprises a circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series, the heating bag is placed inside a door opening of a vehicle, the door is closed so that the peripheral wall portion of the heating bag is clamped to block the opening, the inside of the heating bag is put in a sealed state, the vehicle door is used as an object for measuring insulation performance, the heating means inside the heating bag is controlled so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters attached to the peripheral wall portion are connected in series becomes zero, and further the interior ambient temperature of the vehicle is controlled so that the interior ambient temperature is stabilized, and the thermal transmittance is calculated.

[0029] The heat transmission coefficient measuring method according to claim 12 is a method for measuring the heat transmission coefficient of an automobile door using a heating bag, the heating bag comprising a heating / air-blowing means disposed in an approximate center portion and a peripheral wall portion capable of surrounding the heating / air-blowing means, the peripheral wall portion being impermeable, heat-insulating and flexible, and when the thickness of the peripheral wall portion is approximately uniform over the entire area, a circuit in which a plurality of thermopiles are disposed one by one over the entire surface of each of the two inner and outer sides of the peripheral wall portion at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two sides by any equal area division number of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions, and the plurality of thermopiles are connected in series, or a circuit in which a plurality of heat flow meters are disposed over the entire surface of the inner side or the entire surface of the outer side of the peripheral wall portion at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two sides by any equal area division number of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions, and the plurality of thermopiles are connected in series, the heating bag is placed inside a door opening of a vehicle, the door is closed so that a peripheral wall portion of the heating bag is sandwiched to block the opening, and the inside of the heating bag is put in a closed state, the vehicle door is used as an object for measuring insulation performance, and the heating means in the heating bag is controlled so that an output voltage from the circuit in which the multiple thermopiles attached to the peripheral wall portion are connected in series or an output voltage from the circuit in which the multiple heat flow meters are connected in series becomes zero, and further the atmospheric temperature is controlled so as to stabilize the atmospheric temperature inside the vehicle, and the thermal transmittance is calculated.

[0030] The thermal transmittance measuring method according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in the eleventh or twelfth aspect, the door is any one of a front door, a rear door, and a back door. Effect of the Invention

[0031] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 can realize the heat flow balance from the peripheral wall of the heating box to the box-shaped body side as zero, and therefore has a remarkable effect of eliminating the need to previously grasp and calibrate the "amount of heat loss from the peripheral wall of the heating box Φ3" defined in the protected heat box method test device of Non-Patent Document 1. This makes it possible to remove the restriction that the protected heat box, which is a constituent requirement of the protected heat box method test device, must be assembled integrally with the heating box, and it has become possible to substitute the protected heat box with the body of an automobile, for example.

[0032] Another effect is that the measurement error between the thermal conductivity measured by the protected hot box method test of Non-Patent Document 1 and the thermal conductivity measured by the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention can be minimized.

[0033] The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 5 has previously required the manufacture of a protective heat box and a heating box out of breathable and insulating materials to match the outer shape of the object to be measured for insulation performance, and only the object to be measured for insulation performance could be used. However, by making the material of the peripheral wall of the heating box out of a flexible material, a single heating bag can be used for objects to be measured for insulation performance that have shapes that change in three dimensions, thereby achieving the effect that a single heating bag is sufficient and it is not necessary to manufacture a heating box specifically for each object to be measured for insulation performance that has a different shape.

[0034] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device described in claim 6 has an advantage that, because the cooling means is easily portable, it is possible to obtain a highly accurate heat transfer coefficient regardless of the measurement location, whether inside or outside a room, without having to measure in a low-temperature constant temperature room or using a cooling chamber integrated with the heating box as specified in Non-Patent Document 1 or Non-Patent Document 2.

[0035] The heat transfer coefficient measuring devices according to claims 7 to 9 have the effect of being able to measure the heat transfer coefficient when subjected to the effect of radiant heat generated from natural light such as the sun, which is generated, for example, on an outer panel member of an automobile.

[0036] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device according to claim 10 has an effect of being able to measure the heat transfer coefficient when it is affected by wind speed, which is a natural condition.

[0037] The method for measuring the heat transmission coefficient of an automobile door according to any one of claims 11 to 13 has an advantage that the heat transmission coefficient can be measured by attaching the heating bag with the door attached to the automobile. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0038] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention, in which the material of the peripheral wall of the heating box is a flexible material, (a) is an explanatory diagram of a plan view when expanded with thermopiles arranged at equal area intervals, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of the AA cross section of (a). [Diagram 2] FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram showing a plurality of thermopiles arranged over the entire peripheral wall of the heating box of the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram showing a plurality of heat flow meters arranged over the entire peripheral wall of the heating box of the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory diagram showing a thermopile arranged over the entire area of ​​the peripheral wall portion made of a flexible material of the heating box of the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of multiple heat flow meters. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a portable cooling box to be installed on the low-temperature side; (a) is an explanatory diagram of a water-cooling system, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of an air-cooling system. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of Japanese Industrial Standards; (a) is an explanatory diagram of a protected hot box test device of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A1420 in Non-Patent Document 1, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of a calibrated hot box test device of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A4710 in Non-Patent Document 2. [Figure 6] 1 is an explanatory diagram of an apparatus for testing the placement interval and measurement error of thermopiles and the like placed in a heating box. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of the heating box and an explanatory diagram of equal area spacing; (a) is an explanatory diagram of 1 equal area spacing on one side and 5 equal area spacing across the entire surface; (b) is an explanatory diagram of 4 equal area spacing on one side and 20 equal area spacing across the entire surface; and (c) is an explanatory diagram of 9 equal area spacing on one side and 45 equal area spacing across the entire surface. [Figure 8] 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of equal area divisions for the entire surface of the wall portion, which determines the spacing between the thermopiles, and the thermopile measurement error. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing test results of the reliability of the measured values ​​of the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention using a test specimen with known thermal conductivity. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram of the parts of an automobile that are to be measured for their thermal transmittance, showing parts to which a heating bag can be attached and parts to which a heating bag cannot be attached unless the parts are removed from the automobile. [Figure 11] 1 is an explanatory diagram of a heating box whose upper edge is manufactured to fit the outer peripheral shape of, for example, a back door. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a back door attached to the heating box shown in FIG. 11, in which (a) is a perspective explanatory view of the back door attached, and (b) is a BB cross-sectional explanatory view of (a). [Figure 13] FIG. 1 shows a heating bag of the thermal conductivity measuring device of the present invention attached to the back door of a car; (a) is an explanatory diagram of the state of the heating bag attached to the back door as viewed from inside the car, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of the state of the heating bag attached with the back door open as viewed from outside the car. [Figure 14] This is an exploded view of the heating box and an explanatory diagram of equal area intervals, and an explanatory diagram of 36 equal area intervals across the entire surface when one surface is the entire surface. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a heat transfer coefficient measuring device to which a light source and a glass wall portion, etc. are additionally installed. [Figure 16] 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the air volume of a blower and the coefficient of overall heat transmission in the presence of radiant heat. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a graph showing the change in thermal transmittance when there is no radiant heat and when there is radiant heat due to light irradiation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1 and method of the present invention are a device and method for measuring the heat transfer coefficient of an object 10 to be measured for thermal insulation performance. The inventors have devised the heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1 and method of the present invention to solve the problems of Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2, namely, the troublesome problem that the amount of heat Φ3 passing from the peripheral wall of the heating box 2 toward the protective thermal box 6 must be calibrated in advance using a calibration plate with a known thermal resistance, and the problem that the heating box 2 and the protective thermal box 6 must be manufactured specifically for the shapes of the upper edges of the heating box 2 and the protective thermal box 6 that receive the object 10 to be measured for thermal insulation performance, so as to match the three-dimensionally changing shape of the object 10 to be measured for thermal insulation performance.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 2(a) or FIG. 2(b), the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 of the present invention is a heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 for measuring the amount of heat passing from one surface of an object 10 for measuring insulation performance, which is in contact with the high temperature side, to the other surface of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, which is in contact with the low temperature side, in the thickness direction. The heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 measures the amount of heat passing from one surface of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, which is in contact with the high temperature side, to the other surface of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, which is in contact with the low temperature side, in a heating box 2 having an impermeability and thermal insulation property, and an opening of the heating box 2 is blocked and closed when the object 10 for measuring insulation performance is attached, and the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2, which is the high temperature side of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, and the atmospheric temperature in the space, which is the low temperature side of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, are measured. The heating box 2 is equipped with a plurality of temperature measuring means 15, 16 and a control unit 7 that controls the heating means 3 and calculates the thermal conductivity. A plurality of thermopiles 11 or a plurality of heat flow meters 12 are arranged one by one at approximately equal area intervals so that the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface over the entire area of ​​the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 can be measured by output voltage, and a circuit is formed in which the plurality of thermopiles 11 or the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are each connected in series, and the control unit 7 controls the heating means 3 in the heating box 2 so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of thermopiles 11 or the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are connected in series becomes zero.

[0041] The thermal conductivity measuring device 1 also includes a box-shaped body 6 that surrounds the entire peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 and forms a closed space together with the heating box 2, and a heating means 19 and an air blowing means 17 are provided within the box-shaped body 6. The air blowing means 17 continues to operate, and the control unit 7 controls the heating means 19 via the control unit 7 based on temperature information from a temperature measuring means (not shown) provided within the box-shaped body 6 so as to keep the ambient temperature within the box-shaped body 6 constant.

[0042] The heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 has a form A in which the heating box 2a and the box-shaped body 6 are separate as shown in Fig. 1, and a form B in which the heating box 2 and the box-shaped body 6 are integrally assembled as shown in Fig. 2 or 3. In the case of the form A, the box-shaped body 6 corresponds to, for example, the body of an automobile 80 that forms the interior of the vehicle in which passengers sit.

[0043] In other words, in the case of form A, the housing of the box-shaped body 6 of the thermal conductivity measuring device 1 can be replaced by the body of the automobile 80, and by bringing a heating means 19, a ventilation means 17, an interior temperature stabilization means equipped with an interior ambient temperature measuring means and a control means into the interior of the automobile 80, it can perform the same function as the box-shaped body 6.

[0044] 2 or 3, the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 supports the insulation performance measurement object 10 only by the insulating peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 and is isolated from the box-shaped body 6, so that the heat loss amount parallel to the surface of the insulation performance measurement object 10 can be regarded as zero, and the output voltage indicating the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface in the entire area of ​​the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 is controlled to zero, so that the heat flow balance from the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 to the box-shaped body 6 can be regarded as zero. This has eliminated the first problem, which is "the trouble of having to calibrate the heat amount Φ3 passing from the peripheral wall of the heating box 2 toward the protective heat box 6 and the heat loss amount Φ2 parallel to the test object surface in advance using a calibration plate with a known thermal resistance."

[0045] Therefore, the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 can calculate the heat transmission coefficient of the insulation performance measurement object 10 by using the amount of heat passing through the insulation performance measurement object 10 from the inside of the heating box 2 to the space on the low temperature side along the thickness direction of the insulation performance measurement object 10, which is calculated from the measured values ​​of the power consumed in the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4, the area perpendicular to the heat flow in the insulation performance measurement object 10, the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2, and the atmospheric temperature of the space on the low temperature side of the insulation performance measurement object 10. Therefore, by using the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1, it is possible to easily obtain the amount of heat passed Φ1 without considering the amount of heat passed Φ3 and the amount of heat lost Φ2, by knowing the amount of heat supplied to the heating box Φp, which is calculated from the measured values ​​of the power consumed in the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4.

[0046] As shown in Fig. 2, the heating box 2 of the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 of the present invention has a heating means 3 and a ventilation means 4 installed therein, and the opening is blocked by attaching the insulation performance measurement object 10 to be in a closed state. The peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 is non-breathable and insulating, and the temperature inside the heating box 2 is maintained constant. The heating means 3 may be any device capable of heating, such as a heater, and the ventilation means 4 may be any device capable of blowing air, such as a fan. The heating means 3 is controlled by the control unit 7, but the ventilation means 4 is constantly operating without being controlled by the control unit 7.

[0047] 2 and 3, the heating box 2 is a housing having an opening at the top, and the object 10 to be measured for thermal insulation performance is placed on the periphery of the upper opening, and the object 10 to be measured for thermal insulation performance is isolated from the box-shaped body 6 so as not to come into contact with the box-shaped body 6. The peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 is made of a material that is at least air-tight and thermal insulating. A heating means 3, a blowing means 4, and a temperature measuring means 15 are provided inside the heating box 2.

[0048] By supporting the object 10 for insulation performance measurement only at the peripheral portion 9 of the heating box 2 and making contact only with the peripheral portion 9, the amount of heat loss on the side of the object 10 for insulation performance measurement can be regarded as zero.

[0049] The plurality of temperature measuring means 15, 16 at least include a temperature sensor 15 for measuring the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2 which is the high temperature side of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance, and a temperature sensor 16 for measuring the atmospheric temperature of the space which is the low temperature side of the object 10 for measuring insulation performance. Temperature information from the temperature sensors 15, 16 is stored in a data logger (not shown) installed in the control unit 7. The atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2 and the atmospheric temperature of the space which is the low temperature side are calculated by the control unit 7 as data for calculating the overall heat transmission coefficient.

[0050] Next, the control unit 7 controls the heating means 3 installed in the heating box 2 so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of thermopiles 11 are connected in series or the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are connected in series becomes zero, inputs the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2 from the temperature sensor 15 and the atmospheric temperature of the space on the low-temperature side of the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement from the temperature sensor 16 into a data logger (not shown) for storage, and performs control to derive and output the thermal conductivity based on the previously known heat transfer area of ​​the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement (the area perpendicular to the heat flow in the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement) and the amount of heat supplied by the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4. The output can be displayed on a display provided in the control unit 7 or on the screen of a connected personal computer.

[0051] The box-shaped body 6 surrounds the entire peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 and forms a closed space together with the heating box 2. The present invention is an improvement of the protective heat box 22 in Non-Patent Document 1 and the high temperature chamber 32 in Non-Patent Document 2, and the present invention is sufficient as long as it can form a closed space together with the heating box 2, and it can be the interior of a car instead of a protective heat box or a high temperature chamber. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the heating box 2 can be installed in the interior 81 of a car 80 with all the doors closed to enable measurement. The box-shaped body 6 corresponds to the body of the car 80, and the closed space between the heating box 2 and the box-shaped body 6 corresponds to the interior of the car 80 with all the doors closed.

[0052] Next, the thermopile 11 or the heat flow meter 12 will be described. When the thickness of the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 is approximately uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters 12 are disposed over the entire inner surface or the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2, or a plurality of thermopiles 11 are disposed over the entire inner surface and the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2, at approximately equal area intervals, as shown in Figures 1(a), (b), 2(a), (b), or 3(a), (b).

[0053] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2 (b) or Figure 3 (b), when the thickness of the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 is non-uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters 12 are arranged at approximately equal area intervals over the entire inner surface or the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2.

[0054] When the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of thermopiles 11 are connected in series or the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are connected in series becomes zero, the heat flow balance through the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 to the space formed by the box-shaped body 6 can be regarded as being zero. This makes it unnecessary to carry out the troublesome task of determining and calibrating in advance the "amount of heat loss from the peripheral wall of the heating box Φ3" specified in the protected heat box method of Non-Patent Document 1 as shown in Fig. 5(a).

[0055] Next, it was verified using a heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1c for thermopile arrangement study as shown in FIG. 6 that a high-precision heat transfer coefficient can be obtained by arranging multiple thermopiles 11 at approximately equal area intervals on the entire inner surface and the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall 9 and controlling the output voltage of the multiple thermopiles 11 to zero. The heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1c is equipped with the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 and the box-shaped body 6, and all five sides of the peripheral wall 9 are 1 m square. Since the thermal conductivity and thickness of the peripheral wall 9 of the heating box 2 are known, the amount of heat Q2 transmitted through the peripheral wall 9 can be calculated. In addition, since the heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer area, heating box interior atmosphere temperature, and cooling side atmosphere temperature of the test specimen 10a can be grasped, the amount of heat Q1 transmitted through the test specimen 10a can be obtained. Therefore, the measurement error is calculated by dividing the amount of heat Q1 passing through the test piece 10a by the amount of heat Q2 passing through the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 minus the total heat flow balance value Q3 measured by the thermopile 11 or heat flow meter 12, using this as the numerator.

[0056] That is, the calculated amount of heat passed Q2 was compared with Q3 measured by the thermopile 11 or the heat flow meter 12. When the difference between the amount of heat passed Q2 and the total heat flow balance value Q3 is large, the measurement error increases, and when the difference between the amount of heat passed Q2 and the total heat flow balance value Q3 is small, the measurement error decreases.

[0057] Test example 1 was a case where one thermopile was placed at the center of one 1 m square surface as shown in Fig. 7(a), a development of peripheral wall portion 9, and the entire surface was divided into 5 equal areas, with each thermopile placed on the five surfaces being connected in series to form multiple thermopiles 11 consisting of five thermopiles. Test example 2 was a case where one 1 m square surface was divided into 4 equal areas, with one thermopile placed at the center of each as shown in Fig. 7(b), a development of peripheral wall portion 9, and the entire surface was divided into 20 equal areas, with each thermopile placed on the five surfaces being connected in series to form multiple thermopiles 11 consisting of 20 thermopiles. Test example 3 is a case in which one surface of 1 m square is divided into 9 equal areas as shown in Figure 7(c), which is an expanded view of the peripheral wall portion 9, and one thermopile is placed at the center of each area, resulting in 45 equal areas across the entire surface, and multiple thermopiles 11 consisting of 45 thermopiles arranged on five surfaces and connected in series.

[0058] Although not tested as a test example, the same equal area intervals as in the case of the thermopile 11 can be applied even if the thermopile 11 is replaced with a heat flow meter 12. Also, the peripheral wall 9 is not limited to having five faces as shown in FIG. 7, and may have a single face as a whole as shown in FIG. 14. When the peripheral wall 9 has a single face as shown in FIG. 14, for example, 36 equal area divisions can be achieved, and multiple thermopiles 11 or multiple heat flow meters 12 can be disposed at equal area intervals. In other words, by changing the number of vertical and horizontal divisions, any number of divisions can be set, such as 80 equal area divisions, 70 equal area divisions, 60 equal area divisions, 50 equal area divisions, etc.

[0059] The thermal conductivity of the test specimen 10a was 1 W / m 2 K (△ in Fig. 8), 2 W / m 2 K (in Fig. 8, symbol □), 4 W / m 2The measurement error due to the number of equal area divisions was verified by changing the number of equal area divisions from 0 to K (marked with a circle in FIG. 8), and the results are shown in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, division symbol L indicates the case of 45 equal area divisions, division symbol M indicates the case of 20 equal area divisions, and division symbol N indicates the case of 5 equal area divisions. Note that when there is no equal area division and only one thermopile 11 is provided on the entire surface, the thermal conductivity is 1 W / m 2 The measurement error for K is 79.3%, and the thermal conductivity is 2W / m 2 The measurement error for K is 39.6%, and the thermal conductivity is 4W / m 2 The measurement error for K was 19.8%.

[0060] From Fig. 8, the number of equal area divisions is 20 (equal area of ​​0.25 m) more than the number of equal area divisions of 5. 2 ), and even more so when the number of equal area divisions is 45 (equal area divisions of 0.11 m 2 ), that is, when the number of equal area divisions is increased, the measurement error is smaller. It has also been shown that the measurement error is smaller for materials with a higher thermal conductivity of the test specimen 10a. For this reason, in order to reduce the measurement error, the equal area interval at which the thermopiles 11 are disposed is preferably such that the number of equal area divisions is 20 or more, more preferably such that the number of equal area divisions is 45 or more, and even more preferably such that the number of equal area divisions is 80. Note that, as shown in FIG. 7(a), when five 1 m square surfaces are combined to form five surfaces, the equal area is 0.25 m 2 Less than 0.11 m is preferable. 2 The following is more preferred:

[0061] Therefore, when the thermopile 11 is arranged, the entire surface on both the inside and outside of the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 is set to have the same equal area intervals, or when the heat flow meter 12 is arranged, the entire surface on either the inside or outside of the peripheral wall portion 9 of the heating box 2 is set to have equal area intervals, and the equal area intervals are set to be approximately equal areas obtained by dividing the entire surface by any equal area division number of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions.

[0062] If the equal area division is less than 5, the measurement error will be too large, which will be a problem, and if the equal area division is more than 80, the measurement error will be extremely small, but there is a problem that it takes a lot of time to install the thermopile 11 or heat flow meter 12, which will make it expensive. Therefore, it is preferable that the equal area division number be any number between 5 equal area divisions and 80 equal area divisions.

[0063] Next, using a heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1 as shown in Figure 2, the effect on the heat transfer coefficient measurement of the temperature difference between the outside air temperature measured by a temperature sensor 16 (corresponding to the air temperature in the cooling chamber 23 of the protected heat box method testing device 20 shown in Figure 5(a) and the air temperature in the low temperature room 33 of the calibrated heat box method testing device 30 shown in Figure 5(b) and corresponding to the air temperature of the space on the low temperature side of the insulation performance measurement object 10 of the present invention) and the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box 2 measured by a temperature sensor 15 was tested. The insulation performance measurement object 10 used a known building insulation material with a thermal conductivity of 0.02 W / mK and had a divided area of ​​approximately 0.11 m. 2 The control unit 7 performed control so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the thermopiles 11, arranged at approximately equal area intervals, were connected in series, would become zero. The temperature differences between the outside air temperature and the ambient temperature inside the heating box are shown in graph Q for a temperature difference of 10°C, graph R for a temperature difference of 20°C, and graph S for a temperature difference of 30°C, and the results are shown in Figure 9. Note that because the insulation performance measurement object 10 is a flat plate-like body with a uniform thickness, the thermal transmittance in Figure 9 has been converted into thermal conductivity for display.

[0064] 9, when the temperature difference is 20° C. or more, a value close to the thermal conductivity of the building insulation material used in the test, 0.02 W / mK, is obtained. Therefore, it is preferable to measure the thermal conductivity by setting the temperature difference between the ambient temperature in the heating box 2 and the air temperature of the space on the low-temperature side of the insulation performance measurement object 10 to 20° C. or more.

[0065] Next, as shown in Fig. 3, the heating box 2 is installed so as to be removable from the box-shaped body 6, and the heating box 2 can be a heating bag 2a having a bag-like shape with a peripheral wall portion 9a that is non-breathable, heat-insulating and flexible. When the heating bag 2a is removed from the box-shaped body 6, the overall heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1a has a shape as shown in Figs. 1(a) and (b).

[0066] That is, the material of the peripheral wall 9a of the heating bag 2a of the thermal transmission coefficient measuring device 1 as shown in Fig. 3 is a flexible material, and examples of the material include a foam sealing material or a rubber material that is impermeable, heat insulating and flexible, such as a 20 mm thick EPT SEALER (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation). The thickness of the peripheral wall 9a is at least 10 mm or more, and more preferably 20 mm or more, taking into consideration the possibility of mounting a thermopile 11 or a heat flow meter 12 and heat insulating properties.

[0067] When the peripheral wall 9a of the heating bag 2a is made of a material having air-impermeability, heat insulation and flexibility, it can be spread out flat as shown in Fig. 1(a) in a plan view or Fig. 1(b) in a side view, the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4 are installed inside, the heating / air blowing means 8 (having the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4 installed inside) with an opening 8a on the upper surface side is arranged in the center, and the thermopile 11 or the heat flow meter 12 is arranged in series at equal area intervals on the air-impermeability, heat insulation and flexibility material. Since it is a flexible bag-like body, it can be spread out flat or folded and changed into a bag-like body.

[0068] Since the peripheral wall 9a of the heating bag 2a is a material having air-impermeability, heat insulation, and flexibility, it can be used as a bag-shaped body, and can be used as a bag-shaped body equipped with a thermopile 11 as shown in FIG. 3(a), or as a bag-shaped body equipped with a heat flow meter 12 as shown in FIG. 3(b). By making the peripheral wall 9a bag-shaped and flexible, the degree of freedom of the attachment part to the insulation performance measurement object 10 is increased, and the insulation performance of the insulation performance measurement object 10 having a plurality of different shapes, which changes in shape in three dimensions, can be measured by the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1a equipped with one heating bag 2a. This has solved the second problem that "the heating box 2 and the protective heat box 6 must be manufactured for the purpose of making the shapes of the upper edge parts that receive the insulation performance measurement object 10 of each of the heating box 2 and the protective heat box 6 match the three-dimensional changes in the shape of the insulation performance measurement object 10".

[0069] For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the thermal conductivity of an openable door such as a front door 83 of an automobile 80 can be measured while it is attached to the automobile 80. As shown in FIG. 13(b), a thermal conductivity measuring device 1a equipped with a heating / blowing means 8 and a flexible peripheral wall portion 9a can be set at the opening of a tailgate 74, and the thermal conductivity can be measured with the tailgate 74 closed so that the peripheral portion of the peripheral wall portion 9a is clamped to the edge of the opening of the tailgate 74, as shown in FIG. 13(a).

[0070] Furthermore, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, since the windshield 82 cannot be opened or closed, it is removed from the automobile 80, but the thermal conductivity can be measured using a flexible heating bag 2a without having to manufacture a new heating box 2 having a peripheral wall portion of a special shape that matches the three-dimensional shape of the windshield 82.

[0071] Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the housing 18 forming the low-temperature space is provided with a water-cooled type cooling means 50 that cools the air inside the housing 18 using a heat exchanger 43, or an air-cooled type cooling means 50 that blows cold air into the housing 18.

[0072] The space inside the housing 18 corresponds to the space that is the low temperature side of the heat insulation performance measurement object 10 of the present invention, and is an improvement of the cooling chamber 23 of the protective heat box method test device 20 shown in FIG. 5(a), or an improvement of the low temperature room 33 of the calibrated heat box method test device 30 shown in FIG. 5(b). The protective heat box method test device 20 and the calibrated heat box method test device 30 are also intended to measure large building materials, and therefore are premised on measurements in a room such as a thermostatic room, so the cooling chamber 23 or the low temperature room 33 is large and cannot be easily carried. Since the heat transmission coefficient measurement device 1 or 1a of the present invention can be made portable, a portable cooling means 50 was conceived accordingly.

[0073] 4(a), in the water-cooling type cooling means 50, cold water cooled in a circulating water cooling device 41 flows through piping 42 and cools the air inside the housing 18 in a heat exchanger 43 provided inside the housing 18, and the cooled air G is guided by a baffle 44 by a blower means 45 and flows as a laminar flow toward the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement. It is preferable to have a difference of 20°C or more between the ambient temperature inside the heating box 6 and the temperature of the cooled air G.

[0074] 4(b), the air-cooling type cooling means 50 causes cooling air G cooled by a circulating air cooling device 41a to flow in a duct 46 and to flow as a laminar flow toward the thermal insulation performance measurement object 10 while being guided by a partition plate 47 provided in the housing 18. It is preferable to set a difference of 20°C or more between the ambient temperature in the heating box 2 and the temperature of the cooling air G.

[0075] The use of the portable cooling means 50 eliminates limitations on the location where the thermal conductivity can be measured, such as the limitation to the low-temperature chamber 33 specified in the calibrated hot box method test apparatus 30, and no large-scale constant temperature chamber is required. Therefore, it is easy to ensure a difference of 20°C or more between the ambient temperature in the heating box 2 and the temperature of the cooling air G at the location where the insulation performance measurement object 10 is attached, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement at the location where the insulation performance measurement object 10 is attached.

[0076] Next, a description will be given of a heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1b capable of measuring the heat transmission coefficient when the low-temperature side is subjected to the effects of natural conditions, such as radiation from the sun and wind speed. As shown in Fig. 15, the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1b has a glass wall 61 on the wall of a housing 18 forming the space on the low-temperature side, facing the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement, which allows radiation from a light source 60 provided outside the housing 18 to the object 10 for thermal insulation performance measurement inside the housing 18.

[0077] When a baffle plate 44a is installed to obtain a uniform air temperature distribution within the housing 18, the plate-shaped baffle plate 44a is disposed between the glass wall portion 61 and the object 10 for insulation performance measurement, approximately parallel to the object 10 for insulation performance measurement, and is a glass plate that allows radiation from the light source 60 to the object 10 for insulation performance measurement.

[0078] A radiation intensity adjusting means is provided to enable measurement of the thermal transmission coefficient when, for example, the outer panel of an automobile is affected by the radiation from the sun, which is a natural condition. The radiation intensity adjusting means is, for example, a means for increasing the radiation intensity, i.e., controlling the light source temperature to be increased when the radiant heat is increased, and for decreasing the radiation intensity, i.e., controlling the light source temperature to be decreased when the radiant heat is decreased. The radiation intensity adjusting means is, for example, a slidac or the like provided in the control unit 7 for converting the magnitude of the voltage applied to the light source 60, which controls the temperature of the light source 60. By adjusting the radiation intensity adjusting means, the radiation intensity for the thermal insulation performance measurement object 10 in the housing 18 is adjusted.

[0079] In addition, in order to make it possible to measure the thermal transmittance when, for example, the outer panel of an automobile is affected by wind, which is a natural condition, a blowing means 45 is provided between the glass wall portion 61 and the insulation performance measurement object 10, near the glass wall portion 61, and an airflow speed control means is provided in the control unit 7 to make it possible to reproduce a wind speed selected from wind speeds under natural conditions, and the speed of the airflow generated by the blowing means 45 is adjusted.

[0080] First, the relationship between the air volume of the fan 45 and the thermal conductivity obtained using the thermal conductivity measuring device 1b will be described. As shown in FIG. 16, flat aluminum plates (3 mm thick, △ mark), polypropylene plates (0.7 mm thick, □ mark) and glass plates (4 mm thick, ◯ mark) were used as the thermal insulation performance measurement objects 10. The horizontal axis shows the air volume and the vertical axis shows the thermal conductivity. In order to reproduce natural conditions and to verify the effect of radiation from sunlight, the light source 60 was turned on to monitor the radiant heat of the radiation sensor 63 and the radiation intensity of the light source 60 was adjusted.

[0081] Fig. 16 shows that the more the air volume increases, i.e., the faster the airflow speed, the more gradually the heat transmission coefficient increases regardless of the material of the insulation performance measurement object 10. This shows that when there is wind under natural conditions, for example, the flow of heat from the interior of a car through the exterior panel of the car increases as the air volume increases. Therefore, the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1b of the invention can be used to evaluate the insulation performance of an automobile door structure taking into account the effects of wind.

[0082] Next, the relationship between the radiation and the thermal transmittance obtained by using the thermal transmittance measuring device 1b and light irradiation simulating sunlight will be described. As shown in FIG. 17, in order to verify the effect of radiation similar to natural conditions, a daytime period with radiation similar to natural conditions was created by turning on the light source 60, and a nighttime period with no radiation was created by turning off the light source 60. As the heat insulation performance measurement object 10, flat plates of an aluminum plate (thickness 3 mm, △ mark), a polypropylene plate (thickness 0.7 mm, □ mark), and a glass plate (thickness 4 mm, ◯ mark) were used. The horizontal axis shows the elapsed time, and the vertical axis shows the thermal transmittance.

[0083] As shown in Fig. 17, when no radiant heat is generated by the light source 60, the thermal conductivity of the object 10 for which thermal insulation performance is to be measured is approximately the same for all materials, but when radiant heat is generated by the light source 60, the thermal conductivity of the object 10 for which thermal insulation performance is to be measured varies depending on the material. For example, in the case of an aluminum plate (△ mark), the thermal conductivity is approximately constant whether or not radiant heat is generated by the light source 60, whereas in the case of a polypropylene plate (□ mark) or a glass plate (◯ mark), the apparent thermal conductivity decreases when radiant heat is generated by the light source 60 compared to when it is not generated. This indicates that the thermal barrier performance against radiant heat is poorer for polypropylene plates and glass plates than for aluminum plates.

[0084] Next, a method for measuring the thermal transmission coefficient will be described. In the case where the thickness of the peripheral wall portion 9a is not uniform over the entire area, the first method for measuring the thermal transmission coefficient is a method for measuring the thermal transmission coefficient of a door of an automobile 80 using a heating bag 2a as shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 13, in which the heating bag 2a is provided with a heating / air blowing means 8 disposed in the approximate center and a peripheral wall portion 9a capable of surrounding the heating / air blowing means 8, the peripheral wall portion 9a being non-breathable, heat insulating and flexible, and a plurality of heat flow meters 12 are disposed one by one over the entire surface on the inner side or the entire surface on the outer side of the peripheral wall portion 9a at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing the entire surface by any of 5 to 80 equal area divisions. The method further comprises the steps of: providing a circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are connected in series; placing the heating bag 2a inside a door opening of an automobile 80; closing the door so that the peripheral wall portion 9a of the heating bag 2a is clamped to block the opening, thereby putting the inside of the heating bag 2a in a sealed state; using the door of the automobile 80 as an object 10 for measuring insulation performance; controlling the heating means 3 inside the heating bag 2a so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters 12 attached to the peripheral wall portion 9a are connected in series becomes zero; and further controlling the interior atmospheric temperature of the automobile 80 so that the interior atmospheric temperature is stabilized, thereby calculating the thermal transmittance.

[0085] In addition, when the thickness of the peripheral wall portion 9a is approximately uniform over the entire area, the second method of the heat transmission coefficient measuring method is a method of measuring the heat transmission coefficient of a door of an automobile 80 using a heating bag 2a, the heating bag 2a is provided with a heating / air blowing means 8 arranged in an approximately central portion and a peripheral wall portion 9a capable of surrounding the heating / air blowing means 8, the peripheral wall portion 9a being non-breathable, heat insulating and flexible, and a plurality of thermopiles 11 are arranged one by one over the entire surface of each of the two inner and outer sides of the peripheral wall portion 9a at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two sides by any of the same number of equal area divisions out of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions, and the plurality of thermopiles 11 are connected in series to form a circuit, or a plurality of heat flow meters 12 are arranged over the entire surface of the inner side or the entire surface of the outer side of the peripheral wall portion 9a at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two sides by any of the same number of equal area divisions out of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions. the heating bag 2a is placed inside a door opening of an automobile 80, the door is closed so that a peripheral wall portion 9a of the heating bag 2a is sandwiched to block the opening, and the inside of the heating bag 2a is put in a closed state, the door of the automobile 80 is used as an object 10 for measuring thermal insulation performance, and the heating means 3 in the heating bag 2a is controlled so that an output voltage from the circuit in which the plurality of thermopiles 11 attached to the peripheral wall portion 9a are connected in series or an output voltage from a circuit in which the plurality of heat flow meters 12 are connected in series becomes zero, and further the atmospheric temperature is controlled so as to stabilize the interior atmospheric temperature of the automobile 80, thereby calculating the thermal transmission coefficient.

[0086] In both the first and second methods of measuring thermal transmittance, the temperature of the enclosed space inside the automobile 80 is measured by bringing the automobile 80 indoors so that it is not affected by outdoor sunlight, bringing into the vehicle an interior temperature stabilization means (not shown) equipped with a heating means (not shown) and a blowing means (not shown), operating the brought-in blowing means at all times during measurement, and controlling the operation of the brought-in heating means so as to stabilize the interior ambient temperature, thereby stabilizing and keeping the interior ambient temperature approximately constant.

[0087] The interior temperature stabilization means brought into the interior of the automobile 80 is equipped with a heating means, a ventilation means, an interior ambient temperature measuring means, and a control means for controlling the operation of the heating means brought in based on temperature information from the interior ambient temperature measuring means.

[0088] The door is suitably a door that can be closed by pinching the peripheral wall portion 9a of the heating bag 2a, and corresponds to a front door, a rear door, or a back door.

[0089] Next, a description will be given of an example of using the heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1 for measuring the heat transmission coefficient in a state where a back door 74 is attached to an automobile 80 as shown in Fig. 13. First, a heat transmission coefficient measuring device 1a is prepared, which includes a bag-shaped heating bag 2a having a peripheral wall 9a that is non-breathable, heat-insulating and flexible, a heating / air blowing means 8 having a heating means 3 and an air blowing means 4 disposed approximately in the center of the heating bag 2a, a temperature measuring means 15 for measuring the atmospheric temperature inside the heating bag 2a, a temperature measuring means 16 for measuring the external atmospheric temperature, and a control unit 7, as shown in Fig. 1.

[0090] Since the thickness of the peripheral wall portion 9a is approximately the same over the entire area, multiple thermopiles were used, each arranged at approximately equal area intervals obtained by dividing the entire inner surface and the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall portion 9a of the heating box 2a into 45 equal area divisions.

[0091] Next, the automobile 80 is moved indoors to avoid being affected by sunlight. Then, as shown in Fig. 13(b), the back door 74 is opened, the flexible peripheral wall portion 9a is expanded to cover the opening of the back door 74 so that the heating / blowing means 8 is on the back door 74 side, and the back door 74 is closed while maintaining this state. As a result, a closed space is formed inside the heating bag 2a as shown in Fig. 13(a).

[0092] Then, an in-vehicle temperature stabilization means (not shown) equipped with a heating means (not shown) and a blowing means (not shown) is brought into the vehicle, the seatbacks are reclined and the in-vehicle temperature stabilization means is placed on top of the seatbacks, and all the doors are closed. By closing all the doors inside the vehicle, an enclosed space is also formed. This enclosed space corresponds to the enclosed space of the protective thermal box. The blowing means is then operated, and the operation of the heating means is controlled based on the in-vehicle ambient temperature information to stabilize the ambient temperature inside the vehicle.

[0093] Then, the air blowing means 4 of the heating / air blowing means 8 installed in the heating bag 2a is operated to control the heating means 3 in the heating bag 2a so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the multiple thermopiles are connected in series becomes zero.

[0094] The control unit 7 calculates the thermal conductivity of the tailgate 74 using the ambient temperature inside the heating bag 2a which is the high temperature side of the tailgate 74, the ambient temperature of the space outside the vehicle which is the low temperature side of the tailgate 74, the amount of heat passing through the tailgate 74 from inside the heating bag 2a to the space which is the low temperature side along the thickness direction of the tailgate 74, which is calculated from the measured values ​​of the power consumed by the heating means 3 and the air blowing means 4, and the area perpendicular to the heat flow in the tailgate 74.

[0095] At this time, if the difference between the atmospheric temperature inside the heating bag 2a, which is the high temperature side, and the atmospheric temperature in the space outside the vehicle, which is the low temperature side of the back door 74, is made 20°C or more, the flow through rate can be calculated with high accuracy.

[0096] The above-mentioned thermal conductivity measuring method has the remarkable effect of being able to measure the thermal conductivity with the doors attached to the automobile, by controlling the heating means 3 in the heating bag 2a so that the output voltage from the circuit in which the multiple thermopiles 11 attached to the peripheral wall 9a of the heating bag 2a are connected in series or the output voltage from the circuit in which the multiple heat flow meters 12 are connected in series becomes zero, so that the housing of the protective thermal box defined in Non-Patent Document 1 corresponds to an automobile with all doors closed. [Explanation of symbols]

[0097] 1 Heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1a Heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1b Heat transfer coefficient measuring device 1c Thermal transmission coefficient measuring device 2 heating box 2a heating box 3 Heating means 4. Air blowing means 6 Box-shaped body 7 Control section 8 Heating and ventilation means 8a opening 9 Peripheral wall 10. Thermal insulation performance measurement object 10a Test specimen 11 Thermopile 12 Heat flow meter 15 Temperature Sensor 16 Temperature Sensor 18. Cabinet 41 Circulating water cooling system 41a Circulating air cooling device 42 Piping 43 Heat exchanger 44 Baffle 44a Baffle 45 Air Blowing Means 46 Duct 47 Partition 50 Cooling means 60 light source 61 Glass wall 63 Radiation Sensor 70 Heat transfer coefficient measuring device 71 Heating box 72 Protective thermal box 73 Heating and blowing means 74 Backdoor 80 Automobiles 81 Inside the car 82 Windshield 83 Front Door G Cooling air

Claims

1. A thermal transmission coefficient measuring device for measuring the amount of heat passing from one surface in contact with the high temperature side of an object for measuring thermal insulation performance in the thickness direction to the other surface in contact with the low temperature side, a heating box having non-permeable and heat-insulating properties, the heating box having a heating means and a blowing means therein, the opening of which is blocked by the installation of the object to be measured for heat insulation performance; A plurality of temperature measuring means for measuring the atmospheric temperature inside the heating box, which is the high-temperature side of the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance, and the atmospheric temperature in a space, which is the low-temperature side of the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance, respectively; A control unit that controls the heating means and calculates the heat transmission coefficient, a plurality of thermopiles or a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged at substantially equal area intervals so that a temperature difference between an inner surface and an outer surface in the entire peripheral wall portion of the heating box can be measured by an output voltage, and a circuit is formed in which the plurality of thermopiles or the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series; A thermal conductivity measuring device characterized in that the control unit controls the heating means in the heating box so that the output voltage from a circuit in which the multiple thermopiles or multiple heat flow meters are connected in series becomes zero.

2. The thermal conductivity measuring device described in claim 1, characterized in that when the thickness of the peripheral wall of the heating box is approximately uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged over the entire inner surface or entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box, or a plurality of thermopiles are arranged over the entire inner surface and entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box, each at approximately equal area intervals.

3. A thermal conductivity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that when the thickness of the peripheral wall of the heating box is non-uniform over the entire area, a plurality of heat flow meters are arranged at approximately equal area intervals over the entire inner surface or the entire outer surface of the peripheral wall of the heating box.

4. The heat transfer coefficient measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the setting of the approximately equal area intervals is performed by setting the entire surface of each of the inner and outer sides of the peripheral wall of the heating box at the same equal area intervals when the thermopile is arranged, or by setting the entire surface of the inner or outer side of the peripheral wall of the heating box at equal area intervals when the heat flow meter is arranged, and by setting the approximately equal areas obtained by dividing the entire surface at any equal area division number of 5 equal area divisions to 80 equal area divisions as the equal area intervals.

5. A thermal conductivity measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating box is installed inside a box-shaped body so as to be detachable from the box-shaped body, and the heating box is a heating bag having a bag-like shape with a peripheral wall portion that is non-breathable, insulating, and flexible.

6. A heat transfer coefficient measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the housing forming the low-temperature side space is equipped with a water-cooling type cooling means that cools the air inside the housing using a heat exchanger, or an air-cooling type cooling means that blows cold air into the housing.

7. 7. The thermal conductivity measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that a glass wall portion is provided on the wall portion of the housing forming the low-temperature space on the side facing the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance, which allows radiation from a light source provided outside the housing to the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance inside the housing.

8. 8. The thermal conductivity measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that a plate-shaped baffle plate provided between the glass wall portion and the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance and approximately parallel to the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance is a glass plate that allows radiation from the light source to the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance.

9. 9. The thermal transmission coefficient measuring device according to claim 7, further comprising a radiation intensity adjusting means for adjusting the intensity of the radiation applied to the object for measuring the thermal insulation performance within the housing.

10. A heat transfer coefficient measuring device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a blowing means is provided between the glass wall portion and the object to be measured for thermal insulation performance, in the vicinity of the glass wall portion, and an airflow speed control means is provided to reproduce the speed of the airflow generated by the blowing means to a wind speed selected from wind speeds under natural conditions.

11. A method for measuring the thermal transmittance of an automobile door using a heating bag, comprising: The heating bag includes a heating / air blowing means disposed in a substantially central portion thereof and a peripheral wall portion capable of surrounding the heating / air blowing means, The peripheral wall portion is impermeable, heat insulating, and flexible, When the thickness of the peripheral wall portion is not uniform over the entire area, a circuit in which a plurality of heat flow meters are disposed at intervals of approximately equal area obtained by dividing the entire surface on the inner side or the entire surface on the outer side of the peripheral wall portion by any one of 5 to 80 equal area divisions, and the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series; The heating bag is placed inside a door opening of a vehicle, and the door is closed so that the peripheral wall portion of the heating bag is sandwiched to block the opening, and the inside of the heating bag is in a closed state. The vehicle door is used as an object for measuring thermal insulation performance, A method for measuring heat transfer coefficient, characterized in that the heating means in the heating bag is controlled so that the output voltage from a circuit in which the multiple heat flow meters attached to the peripheral wall portion are connected in series becomes zero, and the interior ambient temperature of the automobile is further controlled so that the interior ambient temperature is stabilized, thereby calculating the heat transfer coefficient.

12. A method for measuring the thermal transmittance of an automobile door using a heating bag, comprising: The heating bag includes a heating / air blowing means disposed in a substantially central portion thereof and a peripheral wall portion capable of surrounding the heating / air blowing means, The peripheral wall portion is impermeable, heat insulating, and flexible, When the thickness of the peripheral wall portion is substantially uniform over the entire area, a circuit in which a plurality of thermopiles are disposed one by one at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two inner and outer faces of the peripheral wall by any equal area division number of 5 to 80, and the plurality of thermopiles are connected in series, or a circuit in which a plurality of heat flow meters are disposed one by one at intervals of approximately equal areas obtained by dividing each of the two inner and outer faces of the peripheral wall by any equal area division number of 5 to 80, and the plurality of heat flow meters are connected in series, The heating bag is placed inside a door opening of a vehicle, and the door is closed so that the peripheral wall portion of the heating bag is sandwiched to block the opening, and the inside of the heating bag is in a closed state. The vehicle door is used as an object for measuring thermal insulation performance, A method for measuring thermal conductivity, characterized by controlling a heating means in the heating bag so that an output voltage from a circuit in which the multiple thermopiles attached to the peripheral wall portion are connected in series or an output voltage from a circuit in which the multiple heat flow meters are connected in series becomes zero, and further controlling the ambient temperature so as to stabilize the ambient temperature inside the automobile, thereby calculating the thermal conductivity.

13. 13. The method for measuring the thermal transmittance according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the door is any one of a front door, a rear door, and a back door.

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