Audio output device

Abstract

The present application provides a sound output device. The sound output device may include a speaker assembly. The speaker assembly may include an energy conversion device, a vibrating membrane, and a housing. The vibrating membrane may be driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves. The housing may form a housing cavity that accommodates the energy conversion device and the vibrating membrane. The vibrating membrane may divide the housing cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity. The housing is provided with a sound output hole that communicates with the second cavity. The air-conducted sound waves are transmitted to the outside of the sound output device through the sound output hole. The housing is provided with a sound guide passage that communicates with the sound output hole to guide the air-conducted sound waves in a target direction outside the sound output device. The length of the sound guide passage may be 7 mm or less.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular to audio output devices.

[0002] [Incorporated by reference] This application claims priority to Chinese Application No. 202110383452.2, filed on April 9, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Background technology]

[0003] With the continuous development of electronic devices, audio output devices (e.g., earphones) have become indispensable social and entertainment tools in people's daily lives, and people's requirements for audio output devices are also becoming higher and higher. However, traditional audio output devices still have many problems, such as complicated structure, low sound quality, and serious sound leakage. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Therefore, it is desirable to provide an audio output device that is simple in structure and has high acoustic performance to meet user demands. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a sound output device. The sound output device may include a speaker assembly. The speaker assembly may include an energy conversion device, a vibrating membrane, and a housing. The vibrating membrane may be driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves. The housing may form a housing cavity that accommodates the energy conversion device and the vibrating membrane. The vibrating membrane may partition the housing cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity. The housing may be provided with a sound output hole communicating with the second cavity. The air-conducted sound waves may be transmitted to the outside of the sound output device through the sound output hole. The housing may be provided with a sound guide passage communicating with the sound output hole so as to guide the air-conducted sound waves to a target direction outside the sound output device. The length of the sound guide passage may be 7 mm or less.

[0006] In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be in the range of 2mm to 5mm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage is 4.8 mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0008] In some embodiments, a cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage may increase gradually along a direction of propagation of the air-conducted sound waves.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage is 10 mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 15 mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0011] In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity may be in the range of 0.05 to 0.9.

[0012] In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity is 400 mm 3 It may be the following.

[0013] In some embodiments, a passage wall of the sound-conducting passage may include a curved structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, an acoustic impedance network is disposed at the outlet end of the sound-conducting passage, and the porosity of the acoustic impedance network may be 13% or more.

[0015] In some embodiments, the housing may include a skin contact area, and the skin contact area may be driven by the energy transformation device to vibrate and generate bone-conducted acoustic waves.

[0016] In some embodiments, the diaphragm is physically connected to at least one of the energy transformation device and the housing, the diaphragm moving relative to at least one of the energy transformation device and the housing to generate the air-conducted sound waves.

[0017] In some embodiments, the energy conversion device may include a magnetic circuit assembly, a coil, and a coil holder. The magnetic circuit assembly may provide a magnetic field. The coil may vibrate under the action of the magnetic field in response to a received audio signal. The coil holder may support the coil. At least a portion of the coil holder is exposed from a side of the housing along a direction perpendicular to a vibration direction of the housing. The acoustic output device may further include a sound guide member. The sound guide member may include the sound guide passage and a recessed area, and when the sound guide member is physically connected to the housing, the coil holder is located within the recessed area.

[0018] In some embodiments, one of the housing and the sound-guiding member may have an insertion hole, and the other of the housing and the sound-guiding member may have an insertion post, and the insertion post may be inserted and fixed into the insertion hole.

[0019] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves output through the sound output hole may have a first resonant peak. The acoustic output device may further include a Helmholtz resonant cavity. The Helmholtz resonant cavity may include a resonant cavity and at least one resonant cavity opening to reduce the first resonant peak of the air-conducted sound waves.

[0020] In some embodiments, the at least one resonant cavity aperture may be located in a sidewall of the second cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, a difference between a peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the at least one resonant cavity opening is in an open state and a peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the at least one resonant cavity opening is in a closed state may be 3 dB or more.

[0022] In some embodiments, the Helmholtz resonant cavity may be in communication with both the first cavity and the second cavity, and an area of ​​a resonant cavity opening in communication with the first cavity may be greater than or equal to an area of ​​a resonant cavity opening in communication with the second cavity.

[0023] In some embodiments, an acoustic impedance network may be provided at the at least one resonant cavity mouth, and the porosity of the acoustic impedance network may be 3% or greater.

[0024] In some embodiments, the housing may include a first housing and a second housing. The first housing may define at least a portion of the first cavity and may have a first resonant frequency. The second housing may define at least a portion of the second cavity and may have a second resonant frequency. The first resonant frequency is less than the second resonant frequency.

[0025] In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be less than or equal to 2 kHz.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be less than or equal to 1 kHz.

[0027] In some embodiments, when the vibration frequency of the first housing is 20 Hz to 150 Hz, the phase difference between the second housing and the first housing may be -π / 3 to +π / 3.In some embodiments, when the vibration frequency of the first housing is 2 kHz to 4 kHz, the phase difference between the second housing and the first housing is 2π / 3 to 4π / 3.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device is in a worn state, a first region of the skin contact area is in contact with the user's skin and is driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate the bone-conducted acoustic waves, and a second region of the skin contact area is not in contact with the user's skin.

[0029] In some embodiments, the included angle between the second area and the user's skin may be in the range of 0° to 45°.

[0030] In some embodiments, the included angle between the second area and the user's skin may be in the range of 10° to 30°.

[0031] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device may further include a support assembly, the support assembly having one end connected to the housing and configured to support the speaker assembly, the second region being further from the support assembly than the first region.

[0032] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device may further include a signal processing circuit, which may convert an audio signal into a drive signal for the energy conversion device. A signal gain factor of the signal processing circuit for a first frequency band of the audio signal may be greater than a signal gain factor of the signal processing circuit for a second frequency band of the audio signal, the second frequency band being higher than the first frequency band.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first frequency band includes at least 500 Hz and the second frequency band includes at least 3.5 kHz or 4.5 kHz.

[0034] In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound wave output through the sound emission hole has a first resonant peak, and a peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak is within the second frequency band or is higher than the second frequency band.

[0035] Additional features are set forth in part in the description that follows, and will become apparent to one skilled in the art upon examination of the following material and drawings, or may be learned by the practice or operation of the embodiments. Features of the present invention can be realized or attained by practicing or using various aspects of the methods, tools and combinations that are described in the detailed embodiments that follow.

[0036] The present application will be further explained by exemplary embodiments, which will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which the above-mentioned embodiments are non-limiting and exemplary, and in which the same reference numerals denote similar structures in the several figures of the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0037] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is an exploded view of the acoustic output device in FIG. 1A. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 2B] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 2C] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 2D] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 2E] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example acoustic impedance network in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Diagram 5] 5 is an exploded view of the sound output device in FIG. 4. [Figure 6A] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 6B] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 6C] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 6D] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 6E] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a frequency response curve diagram of air-conducted sound waves of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a frequency response curve diagram of air-conducted sound waves of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a frequency response curve of air-conducted sound waves of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic diagram of a state associated with a process in which an exemplary audio output device transmits a vibration signal to a user, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 14] 1 is a schematic diagram of a state associated with a process in which an exemplary audio output device transmits a vibration signal to a user, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0038] In order to more clearly describe the technical means of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings necessary for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some of the examples or embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative efforts. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or specified, the same symbols in the drawings indicate the same structures or operations.

[0039] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, terms such as "a," "one," "one kind," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular but may include the plural. In general, the terms "comprise" and "containing" are merely intended to indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements are not intended to be an exclusive listing, and a method or device may include other steps or elements.

[0040] It should be understood that the terms "data block," "system," "engine," "unit," "assembly," "module," and / or "block" used herein are ways of distinguishing between different levels of assemblies, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies, however, other terms may be used in place of the above terms if they achieve the same purpose.

[0041] Spatial and functional relationships between elements (e.g., between layers) are described using various terms, including "connected," "joined," "interfaced," and "coupled." When describing a relationship between a first element and a second element in this application, unless expressly described as "direct," the relationship includes a direct relationship in which there are no other intermediate elements between the first element and the second element, and an indirect relationship in which there are one or more intermediate elements (spatially or functionally) between the first element and the second element. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly" connected, joined, interfaced, or coupled to another element, there is no intermediate element present. Also, spatial and functional relationships between elements can be achieved in various ways. For example, a mechanical connection between two elements may include a welded connection, a keyed connection, a pin connection, an interference fit connection, etc., or any combination thereof. Other terms for describing relationships between elements should be described in a similar manner (e.g., "between," "between," "adjacent," and "directly adjacent," etc.).

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides an audio output device. The audio output device may include a speaker assembly. The speaker assembly may include an energy conversion device, a diaphragm, and a housing. The energy conversion device may convert an audio signal into a mechanical vibration signal. The diaphragm may be driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves.

[0043] The housing may form a receiving cavity for receiving the energy conversion device and the vibration membrane. The vibration membrane may divide the receiving cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity. The housing may have a sound output hole communicating with the second cavity. The air-conducted sound waves may be transmitted to the outside of the sound output device through the sound output hole. In some embodiments, the vibration generated by the energy conversion device is transmitted to the housing, causing the housing to vibrate obviously. The vibration of the housing is also transmitted to the user through the area of ​​the housing that contacts the user, thereby forming bone-conducted sound that can be perceived by the user. At the same time, the air-conducted sound waves generated by the vibration membrane are transmitted to the outside of the housing through the sound output hole, so that the user hears the air-conducted sound. At this time, the sound output device can generate both bone-conducted sound and air-conducted sound transmitted to the user, and may be conveniently referred to as an air-conducted bone-conducted hybrid sound output device. In some alternative embodiments, the energy conversion device generates only weak vibrations that are barely perceptible to the user. In this case, the sound output device is considered to generate only air-conducted sound to be transmitted to the user, and may be referred to as an air-conducted sound output device for convenience. In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, structures related to the generated air-conducted sound (e.g., sound emission holes, sound adjustment holes, pressure reduction holes, acoustic impedance networks, etc.) are considered to be applicable not only to the case where the sound output device can generate both bone-conducted sound and air-conducted sound, but also to the case where the sound output device generates only air-conducted sound without creative labor by a person skilled in the art.

[0044] In some embodiments, a sound guide passage communicating with the sound output hole is provided in the housing to guide the air-conducted sound wave in a target direction outside the sound output device. The length of the sound guide passage is 7 mm or less. In some embodiments, by providing a sound guide passage with an appropriate length, more air-conducted sound waves can be guided to the human ear, thereby increasing the user's listening volume. In addition, by setting parameters of the sound guide passage (e.g., the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound guide passage, the shape of the sound guide passage, etc.), the frequency response of the air-conducted sound wave can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the sound quality of the sound output device. In some embodiments, the sound guide passage may be provided in the sound guide member. The sound guide member may further have a recessed area. The housing has a boss formed in its internal structure by partially removing the side facing the sound guide passage. When the sound guide member and the housing are engaged, the boss may be fitted into the recessed area, which not only avoids the sound output device from being too thick locally, but also does not affect the fixing of the sound guide member and the housing, thereby simplifying the structure of the sound output device.

[0045] Due to the interaction between the second cavity and the sound emission hole and / or the sound conducting passage, the air-conducted sound waves generated by the sound output device may have a first resonance peak in a high frequency band, so that the air-conducted sound output from the sound output device and the leaking sound caused by the air-conducted sound rapidly increase in a frequency band near the peak frequency of the first resonance peak, making the listening sound quality uneven and increasing the leaking sound. In some embodiments, a Helmholtz resonating cavity communicating with the second cavity is provided in the sound output device to absorb the sound in the frequency band near the first resonance peak, thereby achieving the effect of improving the sound quality and reducing the leaking sound. In some embodiments, the housing may include a first housing constituting the first cavity and a second housing constituting the second cavity. By setting the first resonance frequency of the first housing higher than the second resonance frequency of the second housing, the sound output device can generate strong air-conducted sound waves in a frequency band lower than the second resonance frequency and hardly generate air-conducted sound waves in a frequency band higher than the second resonance frequency. Therefore, by adjusting the second resonant frequency of the second housing, air-conducted acoustic waves can be utilized to complement bone-conducted acoustic waves in a particular frequency band.

[0046] In some embodiments, when the skin contact area of ​​the housing is driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate bone-conducted sound waves, the skin contact area is installed at an angle to reduce the degree of contact between the skin contact area and the user's skin and reduce the effect of the skin on the vibration of the speaker assembly, so that the housing vibrates to generate large air-conducted sound waves and does not affect the transmission effect of the bone-conducted sound waves. In some embodiments, the skin contact area is installed in a transmission assembly and the bone-conducted sound waves generated by the speaker assembly are transmitted to the user through the transmission assembly, thereby changing the degree of vibration of the skin contact area and the degree of contact with the user's skin.

[0047] In some embodiments, the signal processing circuit may perform an equalization process on the audio signal in advance to reduce the air-conducted sound intensity near the peak frequency of the first resonant peak. For example, a signal gain factor for a first frequency band of the audio signal is greater than a signal gain factor for a second frequency band, the second frequency band being higher than the first frequency band. The peak frequency of the first resonant peak is in or higher than the second frequency band.

[0048] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 1B is an exploded view of the audio output device in FIG. 1A. The audio output device 100 can convert an audio signal (e.g., an electrical signal) into a mechanical vibration signal and output it to the outside in the form of sound. In some embodiments, the audio output device 100 may include devices having audio output capabilities, such as hearing aids, earphones, smart bracelets, smart glasses, mobile phones, speakers, smart glasses, etc. In the embodiments of the present application, the audio output device 100 is exemplarily described using earphones as an example. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the audio output device 100 may include two speaker assemblies 110, two ear-hanging assemblies 120, a back-hanging assembly 130, a control circuit assembly 140, and a battery assembly 150. Both ends of the back-hanging assembly 130 may be physically connected to one end of the corresponding ear-hanging assembly 120, respectively. The other ends of the two ear-hanging assemblies 120 may be physically connected to the two speaker assemblies 110, respectively. The two speaker assemblies 110 may be located on the left and right sides, respectively, of the user's head when the user is wearing the audio output device 100. In some embodiments, the physical connection may include an injection molded connection, a weld, a riveted connection, a bolt, an adhesive, a fastener, or the like, or any combination thereof.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 1B , the speaker assembly 110 may include a core housing 112 and a core module 114. The core housing 112 may house at least a portion of the core module 114. The core module 114 may convert an audio signal (e.g., an electrical signal) into a mechanical vibration signal to generate sound. In some embodiments, the core module 114 may include an energy conversion device, a diaphragm, etc. The energy conversion device may generate a mechanical vibration signal in response to a received audio signal. The diaphragm may be driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate sound waves that are conducted by air (which may be referred to as air-conducted sound waves or air-conducted sound). For example, the diaphragm may be physically connected to the energy conversion device and / or the core housing 112. The diaphragm may move relative to the core housing 112 and / or the energy conversion device to vibrate the air in the core housing 112. The vibration of the air acts on the user's ear (e.g., eardrum) and is transmitted to the auditory nerve, thereby being heard by the user.

[0050] In some embodiments, the core housing 112 may include a skin contact area 116. The skin contact area 116 may contact the skin of the user. When the acoustic output device 100 is an air-bone hybrid acoustic output device, the vibration signal generated by the energy conversion device acts directly on the bones and / or tissues of the user via the skin contact area 116, and is transmitted to the user's auditory nerve via the bones and / or tissues, and is heard by the user. In some embodiments, the sound heard by the user due to the mechanical vibration signal being transmitted through the bones and / or tissues may be referred to as bone-conducted sound waves or bone-conducted sound. The skin contact area 116 may be referred to as the front housing or first housing of the core housing 112. The surface 115 of the core housing 112 facing the front housing 116 may be referred to as the rear housing or second housing of the core housing 112. In some embodiments, the material and thickness of the skin contact area 116 may affect the sound quality by affecting the transmission of the bone-conducted sound waves to the user. For example, if the material of the skin contact area 116 is relatively soft, the transmission of bone-conducted sound waves in the low frequency range may be better than the transmission of bone-conducted sound waves in the high frequency range. Conversely, if the material of the skin contact area 116 is relatively hard, the transmission of bone-conducted sound waves in the high frequency range may be better than the transmission of bone-conducted sound waves in the low frequency range. For more information regarding the speaker assembly, please refer to other parts of this application (e.g., Figures 2A, 4, 6A, 9 and their descriptions).

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the air-conducted sound wave and the bone-conducted sound wave may represent audio content included in the audio signal input to the energy conversion device. The audio content may be represented by the frequency components of the air-conducted sound wave and the bone-conducted sound wave. In some embodiments, the frequency components of the air-conducted sound wave and the bone-conducted sound wave may be different. For example, the bone-conducted sound wave may include more low-frequency components, and the air-conducted sound wave may include more high-frequency components. In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency range corresponding to the low frequency band may be 20Hz to 150Hz, the frequency range corresponding to the mid frequency band may be 150Hz to 5kHz, and the frequency range corresponding to the high frequency band may be 5kHz to 20kHz. The frequency range corresponding to the low-mid frequency band may be 150Hz to 500Hz, and the frequency range corresponding to the high-mid frequency band may be 500kHz to 5kHz.

[0052] The ear hanging assembly 120 may include an ear hanging 122 and a housing 124. The housing 124 may house one or more components of the audio output device 100. For example, the control circuitry assembly 140 and / or the battery assembly 150 may be disposed in the housing 124. For example, the audio output device 100 may further include a pickup assembly, a communication assembly (e.g., a Bluetooth® assembly, a Near Field Communication (NFC) assembly), and the like. The pickup assembly, the communication assembly, and the like may be disposed in the housing 124. The pickup assembly may pick up an external sound and convert it into an audio signal, and the communication assembly may wirelessly connect the audio output device 100 to another device (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer, and the like). In some embodiments, one or more components of the audio output device 100 may be disposed in the housing of the same ear hanging assembly 120. In some embodiments, one or more components of the audio output device 100 may be disposed in the housing of two ear hanging assemblies 120, respectively. For example, the control circuit assembly 140 and the battery assembly 150 may be installed in the receiving chamber 124 of the same ear hook assembly 120, or may be installed in the receiving chambers 124 of two ear hook assemblies 120, respectively. In some embodiments, the control circuit assembly 140 and / or the battery assembly 150 may be electrically connected to the two core modules 114 by corresponding conductors, the control circuit assembly 140 may control the core module 114 to convert an electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal, and the battery assembly 150 may provide power to the audio output device 100. For example, leads may be provided to the ear hook 122 to establish an electrical connection between the core module 114 and other components (e.g., the control circuit assembly 140, the battery assembly 150, etc.) to facilitate power and data transfer for the core module 114.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ear hook 122 may be installed in a curved shape so as to be hung between the user's ear and head and to realize the wearing demand of the sound output device 100. Specifically, the ear hook 122 may include an elastic support member (e.g., an elastic wire). The elastic support member may be configured to maintain the shape of the ear hook 122 in accordance with the user's ear (e.g., auricle) and have a certain elasticity, thereby generating a certain elastic deformation according to the shape of the ear and the shape of the head. When the user wears the sound output device 100, the sound output device 100 can adapt to users having different ear shapes and / or head shapes. In some embodiments, the elastic support member may be made of a memory alloy having excellent deformation recovery ability. Even if the ear hook 122 is deformed by an external force, when the external force is removed, the ear hook 122 can recover to its original shape, thereby extending the service life of the sound output device 100. In some embodiments, the ear hook 122 may further include a protective sleeve 126 and a housing protector 128 formed integrally with the protective sleeve 126 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the back-hanging assembly 130 may be curved so as to be hung on the back of the user's head. The two speaker assemblies 110 are brought into close contact with the user's skin through the cooperation of the two ear-hanging assemblies 120 and the back-hanging assembly 130, thereby making it possible to more stably wear the audio output device 100. In some embodiments, the back-hanging assembly 130 may include a housing. One or more components of the audio output device 100 (e.g., the control circuit assembly 140 and / or the battery assembly 150) may be disposed in the housing.

[0055] It should be noted that the above description of the audio output device 100 is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. In some embodiments, the audio output device 100 may have other wearing manners. For example, the ear-hanging assembly 120 may be configured to cover the ears of a user, and the back-hanging assembly 130 may straddle the top of the user's head. Also, for example, the two speaker assemblies 110 may communicate in a wired or wireless manner. When the two speaker assemblies 110 communicate in a wireless manner, there may or may not be a physical connection structure between the two speaker assemblies 110. For example, each speaker assembly 110 may have a single ear-hanging structure, and each ear-hanging structure may independently fix the corresponding speaker assembly 110 near the left or right ear of the user, or the two ear-hanging structures may be further fixedly connected by a connecting rod.

[0056] 2A-2E are schematic diagrams of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2A, the acoustic output device 200A may include an energy conversion device 210, a vibrating membrane 220, and a housing 230. The housing 230 may form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the energy conversion device 210 and the vibrating membrane 220. The energy conversion device 210 may convert a received audio signal (e.g., an electrical signal) into a mechanical vibration signal. For example, the acoustic output device 200A may further include a signal processing circuit (not shown). The energy conversion device 210 may be electrically connected to the signal processing circuit to receive an audio signal and generate a mechanical vibration signal based on the audio signal. For more information on the signal processing circuit, reference may be made to other parts of this specification (e.g., FIG. 15, FIG. 16 and their descriptions). The vibrating membrane 220 may be driven by the energy conversion device 210 to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves. The air-conducted sound waves may be transmitted to a user through one or more sound emission holes 234 of the housing 230. In some embodiments, the energy transformation device 210 and the diaphragm 220 may be referred to as a core module. The housing 230 may be referred to as a core housing. The energy transformation device 210, the diaphragm 220 and the housing 230 may be referred to as a speaker assembly.

[0057] In some embodiments, the energy conversion device 210 may be physically connected to the housing 230. The housing 230 may include a skin contact area 231 (which may be referred to as a first housing). When a user wears the acoustic output device 200A, at least a portion of the skin contact area 231 may contact the user's skin and may vibrate when driven by the energy conversion device 210 to generate bone-conducted acoustic waves. In some embodiments, when a user wears the acoustic output device 200A, a first area of ​​the skin contact area 231 may contact the user's skin, and a second area of ​​the skin contact area 231 may not contact the user's skin. In other words, when a user wears the acoustic output device 200A, the skin contact area 231 may be installed, for example, at an angle. For more information regarding the skin contact area of ​​the acoustic output device, reference may be made elsewhere in this specification (e.g., FIG. 11 and its description). In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 200A may further include a transmission assembly (not shown). The transmission assembly may be physically connected to the housing 230. A skin contact area may be provided on the transmission assembly. The mechanical vibration signal generated by the energy conversion device 210 may be transmitted to the user by the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly to generate bone-conducted acoustic waves. For more information on the transmission assembly, reference may be made to other parts of this specification (e.g., Figures 12 to 14 and their descriptions).

[0058] In some examples, the energy conversion device 210 may be or include any element (e.g., a vibration motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, etc.) that converts an audio signal (e.g., an electrical signal) into a mechanical vibration signal. Exemplary signal conversion methods may include, but are not limited to, electromagnetic types (e.g., moving coil types, moving magnet types, magnetostrictive types), piezoelectric types, electrostatic types, etc. The internal structure of the energy conversion device 210 may be a single resonance system or a multiple resonance system. In some examples, the energy conversion device 210 may include a magnetic circuit assembly 211 and a coil 213. The magnetic circuit assembly 211 may include one or more magnetic elements and / or magnetic guide elements and can provide a magnetic field. For an air conduction sound output device, the coil 213 in the energy conversion device 210 may be directly fixed to the vibrating membrane 220. The vibration of the energy conversion device 210 may directly drive the vibration of the vibrating membrane 220 to generate air conduction sound. For an air conduction and bone conduction hybrid sound output device, the coil 213 may be physically connected to the housing 230. The coil 213 may vibrate under the action of a magnetic field in response to a received audio signal, and drive the housing 230 (e.g., the first housing 231) to vibrate to generate bone-conducted sound waves. The first housing 231 may contact the user's skin (e.g., the skin of the user's head) and transmit the bone-conducted sound waves to the cochlea. Specifically, the magnetic circuit assembly 211 may include a magnetic gap. The magnetic circuit assembly 211 may generate a magnetic field in the magnetic gap. The coil 213 may be located within the magnetic gap. When a current (i.e., an audio signal) is passed through the coil 213, the coil 213 may vibrate in the magnetic field and drive the first housing 231 to vibrate. When a user wears the audio output device 200A, the vibration of the coil 213 is transmitted to the user's bones and / or tissues via the first housing 231, and transmitted to the user's cochlea via the bones and / or tissues, so that the user hears sound (i.e., bone-conducted sound waves). In some embodiments, the energy conversion device 210 may further include a spring sheet (not shown).A central region of the spring sheet may be connected to the magnetic circuit assembly 211. A peripheral region of the spring sheet is connected to the housing 230 to suspend the magnetic circuit assembly 211 within the housing 230.

[0059] In some embodiments, the vibrating membrane 220 may divide the accommodation cavity formed by the housing 230 to form the first cavity 222 and the second cavity 224. For example, the vibrating membrane 220 may be connected between the energy conversion device 210 and the housing 230 to cooperate with the energy conversion device 210 (e.g., the magnetic guide assembly 211) to divide the accommodation cavity into the first cavity 222 and the second cavity 224. For example, the vibrating membrane 220 may be provided along the rear surface of the magnetic circuit assembly 211 and connected to the housing 230 to divide the accommodation cavity into the first cavity 222 and the second cavity 224. Note that in this specification, the "front" surface portion or the "rear" surface portion of a member is determined by the distance of the portion to the user's skin when the user wears the acoustic output device 200A. For example, when a user is wearing acoustic output device 200A, first cavity 222 may be closer to the user's skin than second cavity 224. First cavity 222 may be referred to as the front cavity, and second cavity 224 may be referred to as the rear cavity.

[0060] The vibrating membrane 220 can generate air-conducted sound waves in the first cavity 222 and / or the second cavity 224 based on the vibration of the energy conversion device 210 and / or the housing 230. Specifically, the vibrating membrane 220 may be physically connected to the energy conversion device 210 (e.g., the magnetic circuit assembly 211) and / or the housing 230, for example, the entire vibrating membrane 220 is located below (i.e., at the rear side) of the energy conversion device 210 and is wrapped in a part of the bottom wall and side wall area of ​​the energy conversion device 210. When the energy conversion device 210 vibrates, the vibration of the energy conversion device 210 can drive the housing 230 and / or the vibrating membrane 220 to vibrate. The vibration of the vibrating membrane 220 can cause the vibration of the air in the first cavity 222 and / or the second cavity 224. The air vibrations in the first cavity 222 and / or the second cavity 224 may be propagated to the outside of the sound output device 200A through the sound output hole 234 provided in the housing 230 (i.e., generate air-conducted sound waves). In some embodiments, the sound output hole 234 may be provided to communicate the first cavity 222 with the outside. In such a case, the energy conversion device 210 and the sound output hole 234 may be located on the same side of the vibration membrane 220. The skin contact area 231 may not be in contact with the user's skin. That is, the sound output device 200A may output only air-conducted sound waves. In some embodiments, the sound output hole 234 may be provided to communicate the second cavity 224 with the outside. In such a case, the energy conversion device 210 and the sound output hole 234 may be located on both sides of the vibration membrane 220. Since the phase of the bone-conducted sound wave generated by the energy conversion device 210 is the same as the phase of the air-conducted sound wave generated in the second cavity 224, in order to provide the sound output device 200A with a higher volume, the present specification takes as an example, but does not limit the scope of the present application, a case in which the sound output hole 234 is provided to communicate with the second cavity 224. In some embodiments, when a user wears the sound output device 200A, the sound output hole 234 may be directed toward the ear canal of the user's ear.

[0061] In some embodiments, the housing 230 may include a first housing 231 and a second housing 233. The first housing 231 and the second housing 233 may be matingly connected to form the housing 230. The first housing 231 may form at least a portion of a sidewall of the first cavity 222, and the second housing 233 may form at least a portion of a sidewall of the second cavity 224, and the first housing 231 and the second housing 233 may have different resonant frequencies. For more information regarding the resonant frequencies of the first and second housings, see elsewhere herein (e.g., FIG. 9 and its discussion).

[0062] In some embodiments, the housing 230 (e.g., the second housing 233) can generate air-conducted sound waves around the sound output device 200A by driving the surrounding air to vibrate during the vibration process. Since the air-conducted sound waves generated by the vibration of the second housing 233 and the air-conducted sound waves output from the sound output hole 234 are in opposite phases, the closer the position of the sound output hole 234 is to the second housing 233, the higher the degree of anti-phase cancellation of the two air-conducted sound waves, thus reducing the volume of the air-conducted sound that is pleasing to the user's ear (i.e., the air-conducted sound generated in the second cavity and transmitted to the user's ear). In some embodiments, in order to improve the listening volume and sound quality, the sound output device 200A may further include a sound-conducting passage (e.g., the sound-conducting passage 240a shown in FIG. 2A) communicating with the sound output hole 234. The air-conducted sound waves that have passed through the sound output hole 234 may enter the sound-conducting passage and propagate from the exit end of the sound-conducting passage along a specific direction through the sound-conducting passage. In this way, the sound-conducting passage can guide the air-conducted sound waves to a target direction (e.g., the ear) outside the sound output device 200A by changing the propagation direction of the air-conducted sound waves. In addition, the sound-conducting passage can be used to shorten the distance between the sound exit end of the sound output device 200A (i.e., the exit end of the sound-conducting passage) and the user's ear, and can also be used to increase the distance between the sound exit end of the sound output device 200A and the second housing 233. In other words, the sound-conducting passage allows the air-conducted sound waves generated in the second cavity 224 (or the rear cavity) to be output from the sound output hole closer to the ear, so that more sound can enter the ear.

[0063] In some embodiments, the outlet end of the sound guide passage may be set to face in each direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the outlet end of the sound guide passage 240a of the sound output device 200A may be set to face the user's face. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the outlet end of the sound guide passage 240b of the sound output device 200B may be set to face the user's pinna. For example, as shown in FIG. 2C, the outlet end of the sound guide passage 240c of the sound output device 200C may be set to face the user's ear canal using a tilted outlet method. By setting the direction of the outlet of the sound guide passage, the directivity and / or intensity of the air-conducted sound wave can be optimized. In some embodiments, the sound guide passage may include various shapes. For example, the sound guide passage may include a curved sound guide passage. For example, the sound guide passage may include a straight sound guide passage. In some embodiments, in the case of the curved sound-guiding passage structure, the inlet end and the outlet end cannot be seen from one of the other ends, as shown in, for example, the sound-guiding passage 240a, the sound-guiding passage 240b, and the sound-guiding passage 240c in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, or FIG. 2C, respectively. In the case of the direct sound-guiding passage structure, the inlet end and the outlet end can be seen from one of the other ends, as shown in, for example, the sound-guiding passage 240d of the sound output device 200D and the sound-guiding passage 240e of the sound output device 200E in FIG. 2D and FIG. 2E. In addition, due to the inclined outlet type outlet end, the actual area of ​​the outlet end of the sound-guiding passage is not limited by the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-guiding passage, which is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-guiding passage, and is further conducive to the output of air-guided sound. In some embodiments, the passage wall of the sound-guiding passage may include a curved structure, as shown in, for example, the side wall of the sound-guiding passage 240e in FIG. 2E, which is conducive to matching the acoustic impedance between the sound-guiding passage and the air, and is further conducive to the output of air-guided sound.

[0064] In some embodiments, the acoustic structure having the second cavity 224, the sound conducting passage, and the sound emission hole 234 may be equivalent to a Helmholtz resonant cavity structure, so that the air-conducted sound waves output from the acoustic output device 200A generate a first resonant peak (i.e., the resonant peak of the Helmholtz resonant cavity structure) in a certain frequency band. For the Helmholtz resonant cavity structure, its resonant frequency may be determined by Equation (1).

[0065]

number

[0066] In the formula, f0 denotes the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonant cavity structure, S denotes the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage outlet end, V denotes the volume of the second cavity 224, l denotes the length of the sound-conducting passage, and r denotes the equivalent radius of the sound-conducting passage. Therefore, the sound quality of the sound output device can be affected by adjusting the parameters such as the volume of the second cavity 224, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage outlet end, and the length of the sound-conducting passage to adjust the sound resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonant cavity structure (i.e., the resonant frequency of the air-conducted sound wave output from the sound output device 200A). For example, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage can reduce the high-frequency resonant peak frequency. Reducing the length of the sound-conducting passage can increase the high-frequency resonant peak frequency. In some embodiments, the first resonant peak may be located as high as possible in order to provide the sound output device 200A with a high sound output effect, for example, to flatten its frequency response curve in a wide frequency band. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 1 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 1.5 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 2 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 2.5 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 3 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 3.5 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 4 kHz or greater. In some embodiments, the peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak may be 4.5 kHz or greater.

[0067] In some embodiments, the sound guide passage may have a uniform cross-sectional area. In order to ensure the sound output volume of the sound output port, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound guide passage may be set to 4 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage is 4.8 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 6 mm 2In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 8 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 10 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage is 12 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 15 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 20 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound conducting passage may be 25 mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0068] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound outlet hole 234 may be gradually decreased along the direction of propagation of the air-conducted sound wave. The cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage may be gradually increased along the direction of propagation of the air-conducted sound wave so that the sound-conducting passage is trumpet-shaped (e.g., as shown in sound-conducting passage 240d in FIG. 2D). In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound-conducting passage is 10 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage is 12 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage may be 15 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage may be 20 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage may be 30 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end of the sound conducting passage is 50 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 15 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 20 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 25 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 30 mm 2In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 35 mm 2 In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the sound conducting passage is 40 mm 2 It may be more than that.

[0069] In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 7 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 6 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 5 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 4 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 3 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 2 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 1 mm or less. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be in the range of 1.5 mm to 4 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be in the range of 2 mm to 3.5 mm. In some embodiments, the length of the sound conducting passage may be 2.5 mm. In some embodiments, for a direct sound conducting passage, the length of the sound conducting passage may be the distance between the geometric center of its inlet end and the geometric center of its outlet end. For example, as shown in FIG. 2D, the geometric center of the inlet end of the sound conducting passage 240d is point m, the geometric center of the outlet end of the sound conducting passage 240d is point n, and the length of the sound conducting passage 240d may be indicated by the distance between point m and point n. In some embodiments, for a curved sound conducting passage, the curved sound conducting passage may be divided into two or more direct sub-sound conducting passages, and the sum of the lengths of the direct sub-sound conducting passages may be the length of the curved sound conducting passage. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the direct sub-sound conducting passage 240a may be divided into a first direct sub-sound conducting passage 242a and a second direct sound conducting passage 244a. The geometric center of the inlet end of the first direct sub-sound conducting passage 242a (or the sound conducting passage 240a) is point a, and the geometric center of the outlet end of the first direct sub-sound conducting passage 242a (or the inlet end of the second direct sound conducting passage 244a) is point b. The geometric center of the outlet end of the second direct sound conducting passage 244a (or sound conducting passage 240a) is point c, and the length of the sound conducting passage 240a may be represented by the sum of the distance between point a and point b and the distance between point b and point c. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the direct sub-sound conducting passage 240b may be divided into a first direct sub-sound conducting passage 242b, a second direct sound conducting passage 244b, and a third direct sound conducting passage 246b.The geometric center of the inlet end of the first direct sound conducting sub-path 242b (or the sound conducting path 240b) is point w, and the geometric center of the outlet end of the first direct sound conducting sub-path 242b (or the inlet end of the second direct sound conducting path 244b) is point x. The geometric center of the inlet end of the second direct sound conducting path 244b (or the third direct sound conducting path 246b) is point y. The geometric center of the outlet end of the third direct sound conducting path 246b (or the sound conducting path 240b) is point z, and the length of the sound conducting path 240b may be represented by the sum of the distance between point w and point x, the distance between point x and point y, and the distance between point y and point z.

[0070] In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 is 400 mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may be 200 mm 3 ~400mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may range from 250 mm 3 ~380mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may range from 300 mm 3 ~360mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may range from 320 mm 3 ~355mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may range from 340 mm 3 ~350mm 3 In some embodiments, the volume of the second cavity 224 may range from 350 mm 3In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be in the range of 0.05 to 0.9. In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be in the range of 0.1 to 0.8. In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be in the range of 0.2 to 0.7. In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be in the range of 0.3 to 0.6. In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be in the range of 0.4 to 0.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of the volume of the sound conducting passage to the volume of the second cavity 224 may be 0.45.

[0071] In some embodiments, a first acoustic impedance network 250 may be provided at the outlet end of the sound-conducting passage 240a. The first acoustic impedance network 250 adjusts the air-conducted sound output to the outside of the sound output device 200A through the sound output hole 234, and reduces the resonance peak in the mid-high frequency band or high frequency band of the air-conducted sound generated in the second cavity 224, thereby making the frequency response curve of the air-conducted sound of the sound output device 200A smoother and improving the listening effect. In addition, the first acoustic impedance network 250 can isolate the second cavity 224 from the outside to a certain extent so as to improve the waterproof and dustproof performance of the sound output device 200A.

[0072] In the present specification, the acoustic impedance network may be woven with filaments. Factors such as the diameter of the filaments and the degree of density may affect the acoustic impedance of the acoustic impedance network. A gap may be surrounded by four of the vertically spaced filaments and the horizontally spaced filaments that cross each other (as shown in FIG. 3). FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic impedance network according to some embodiments of the present application. The area of ​​the region surrounded by the centerline of the filaments of the acoustic impedance network 300 may be defined as S1, the area of ​​the region actually surrounded by the edges of the filaments (i.e., the gap) may be defined as S2, and the porosity may be defined as S2 / S1. The gap dimension may be indicated as the distance between any two adjacent filaments having the same alignment direction, e.g., the side length of the gap. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 300 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 280 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 260 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 240 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 200 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 150 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 100 MKSrayls or less. In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 10% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 13% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 15% or more.In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 20% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 25% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 30% or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 15 μm or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 18 μm or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 20 μm or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 25 μm or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 30 μm or more. In some embodiments, the gap size of the first acoustic impedance network 250 may be 35 μm or more.

[0073] In some embodiments, the energy conversion device 210 may further include a coil holder. The coil 213 may be installed in the coil holder. At least a part of the coil holder may be exposed from the side of the housing 230 along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the housing. In such a case, the acoustic output device 200A may further include a sound guiding member. A sound guiding passage and a recessed area may be installed in the sound guiding member. When the sound guiding member is physically connected to the housing, the coil holder may be located in the recessed area. For more information on the sound guiding member, reference may be made to other parts of this application (e.g., FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and their descriptions).

[0074] It should be noted that the above description of the acoustic output device is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. It should be noted that the number, size, shape, and / or location of one or more of the acoustic structures (e.g., sound emission holes, sound guide passages, speaker assemblies, etc.) illustrated above may be set according to actual needs. For example, the housing 230 (e.g., the first housing 231) may be provided with a decompression hole 232 communicating with the first cavity 222 to help balance the pressure between the first cavity 222 of the housing 230 and the outside. For example, the first cavity 222 and the second cavity 224 may not be in fluid communication. In some embodiments, the first cavity 222 and the second cavity 224 may be in fluid communication. For example, the vibrating membrane 220 may be provided with one or more through holes.

[0075] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the acoustic output device in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the acoustic output device 400 may be similar to the acoustic output device 200A shown in FIG. 2A. For example, the acoustic output device 400 may include an energy conversion device 410, a vibration membrane 420, a housing 430, and a sound guide passage 440. The housing 430 may include a first housing 431 and a second housing 433. The housing 430 may form an accommodation cavity that accommodates at least some elements of the energy conversion device 410 and the vibration membrane 420. The accommodation cavity may include a first cavity 422 and a second cavity 424. The first cavity 422 may accommodate at least a part of the energy conversion device 410. The housing 430 may be provided with a decompression hole 432 that communicates with the first cavity 422. The housing 430 may have a sound output hole 434 communicating with the second cavity 424. For example, the energy conversion device 410 may include a magnetic circuit assembly 411 and a coil 413. For more information on the acoustic output device 400, reference may be made to other parts of this application (e.g., FIG. 2A and the description thereof).

[0076] In some embodiments, the energy conversion device 410 may further include a coil holder 415. The coil holder 415 may be disposed in the first cavity 422 to support the coil 413. For example, the coil holder 415 may fix the coil 413 to the housing 430 (e.g., the first housing 431) and insert the coil 413 into a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly 410. Also, for example, the coil holder 415 may be connected to the housing 430. When the coil 413 vibrates under the action of the magnetic field provided by the magnetic circuit assembly 411, the coil 413 can drive the housing 430 to vibrate by driving the coil holder 415 to vibrate.

[0077] The sound output device 400 may further include a sound guide member 450. The sound guide member 450 may be physically connected to the housing 430. The sound guide passage 440 may be disposed in the sound guide member 450. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the coil holder 415 may be exposed from a side of the housing 430 (e.g., the first housing 431) along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the housing 430 (e.g., direction B in FIG. 4). In such a case, the sound guide member 450 may further include a recessed region 452. When the sound guide member 450 is physically connected to the housing 430, the coil holder 415 may be located within the recessed region 452. In other words, the side of the first housing 431 located at the sound guide member 450 (or the sound emission hole 434) may be at least partially removed to expose at least a portion of the coil holder 415. The sound guide member 450 may be engaged with the exposed portion 4155 of the coil holder 415 and the second housing 433 so as to communicate the sound guide passage 440 with the sound emission hole 432. In this way, the side of the first housing 431 located on the sound guide member 450 does not need to completely encase the coil holder 415, which not only prevents the sound output device 400 from being locally too thick, but also does not affect the fixation of the sound guide member 450 and the housing 430.

[0078] As a mere example, the exposed portion 4155 of the coil holder 415 and at least a portion 4157 of the second housing 433 on the side where the sound emission hole 434 is located may cooperate to form a boss. In some embodiments, the at least a portion 4157 of the second housing 433 may be referred to as a first sub-boss portion. The exposed portion 4155 of the coil holder 415 may be referred to as a second sub-boss portion. In such a case, the outlet end of the sound emission hole 434 may be located at the top of the first sub-boss portion 4157. Accordingly, a recessed area 452 may be provided on the side of the sound guide member 450 facing the coil holder 415 and the second housing 433. At this time, the inlet end of the sound guide passage 440 may communicate with the recessed bottom of the recessed area 452. In this way, when the sound guide member 450 is assembled to the housing 430, the boss is fitted into the recessed area 452 and can communicate between the sound guide passage 440 and the sound emission hole 434. In some embodiments, when the top of the boss and the bottom of the recess of the recessed area 452 contact each other, the sound guide member 450 may just contact the housing 430. In some embodiments, when the top of the boss and the bottom of the recess of the recessed area 452 contact each other, a gap may be left between the sound guide member 450 and the housing 430 to improve the airtightness between the sound guide passage 440 and the sound emission hole 434. In some embodiments, an annular seal (not shown) may be further installed between the top of the boss and the bottom of the recess of the recessed area 452.

[0079] In some embodiments, the sound guide member 450 and the housing 430 may be connected by insertion. For example, an insertion hole may be provided in one of the housing 430 (e.g., the second housing 433) and the sound guide member 450, and an insertion post may be provided in the other. The insertion post may be inserted and fixed into the insertion hole to improve the accuracy and reliability of the assembly of the sound guide member 450 and the housing 430. For example only, as shown in FIG. 5, the insertion hole 435 may be provided in the second housing 433, for example, in the first sub-boss portion. The insertion post 454 may be provided in the sound guide member 450, for example, in the recessed area 452. The sound guide member 450 and the housing 430 may be assembled along the direction shown by the dashed line in FIG. 5.

[0080] It should be noted that the above description of the acoustic output device 100 is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 400 may further include an acoustic impedance network 460 and / or a protective cover 470. The acoustic impedance network 460 may adjust the acoustic impedance of the air-conducted sound generated in the second cavity 424. The protective cover 470 is provided around the outlet of the sound-conducting passage 440 to protect the acoustic output device 400 and improve the appearance of the acoustic output device 400.

[0081] FIG. 6A is a block diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. FIGS. 6B to 6E are schematic diagrams of exemplary acoustic output devices according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6A, the acoustic output device 600 may be similar to the acoustic output device 200A shown in FIG. 2A. The acoustic output device 600 may include an energy conversion device 610, a vibrating membrane 620, and a housing 630. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6B to 6E, the housing 630 may form an accommodation cavity that accommodates at least some elements of the energy conversion device 610 and the vibrating membrane 620. The accommodation cavity may include a first cavity 622 and a second cavity 624. The first cavity 622 may accommodate the energy conversion device 610. The housing 630 may be provided with a sound emission hole 634 that communicates with the accommodation cavity. In some embodiments, the sound output hole 634 may be disposed to communicate between the first cavity 622 and the outside (as shown in FIG. 6D ). In some embodiments, the sound output hole 634 may be disposed to communicate between the second cavity 624 and the outside (as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6B ). In some embodiments, the energy conversion device 610 may include a magnetic circuit assembly 611 and a coil 613. For more information on the acoustic output device 600, reference may be made elsewhere in this application (e.g., FIG. 2A and the description thereof).

[0082] The cavity (e.g., the second cavity 624) that generates the air-conducted sound wave and the sound output hole correspond to a Helmholtz resonating cavity structure, and the frequency response curve of the air-conducted sound wave output from the sound output device 600 generates a first resonant peak in a relatively high frequency band, which reduces the sound quality of the sound output device 600. Specifically, the sound output from the cavity increases rapidly near the peak frequency of the first resonant peak, so the air-conducted sound output from the sound output device 600 and the leaking sound caused by it increase rapidly in the frequency band near the peak frequency of the first resonant peak, making the listening sound quality uneven and increasing the leaking sound. In such a case, the sound quality of the sound output device 600 can be improved by installing the Helmholtz resonating cavity 640. The Helmholtz resonating cavity 640 can reduce the peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak of the air-conducted sound wave and the resonant intensity in the vicinity of the peak frequency. In some embodiments, the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may be the same as the peak frequency of the first resonant peak. In some embodiments, the difference between the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 and the peak frequency of the first resonant peak may be within an octave band.

[0083] The Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may include a resonant cavity 642 and at least one resonant cavity opening 644. In some embodiments, the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may communicate with the second cavity 624 to adjust the frequency response of the air-conducted sound waves generated in the second cavity 624. The resonant cavity opening 644 may communicate the resonant cavity 642 with the second cavity 624. In other words, the resonant cavity opening 644 may be located on a side wall of the second cavity 624. For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the resonant cavity opening 644 may be located in a housing (i.e., the second housing) that constitutes the second cavity 624, and the resonant cavity 642 may be suspended outside the second housing. 6C, the resonant cavity opening 644 and the resonant cavity 642 may be disposed in the magnetic circuit assembly 611. In some embodiments, the difference between the peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the resonant cavity opening 644 communicating with the second cavity 624 of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 is in an open state and the peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the opening communicating with the second cavity 624 of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 is in a closed state may be 3 dB or more, such as 5 dB, 10 dB, 15 dB, 20 dB, etc.

[0084] In some embodiments, as can be seen from Equation (1), by setting one or more parameters of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640, different reduction effects on the first resonance peak by the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 can be achieved. For example, by setting the volume of the different resonant cavity 642 and / or the cross-sectional area of ​​the sound outlet 634, different reduction effects on the first resonance peak by the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 can be achieved (as shown in FIG. 7). Also, for example, a sound guide passage may be provided in the sound outlet 634, and by setting the length of the sound guide passage, different reduction effects on the first resonance peak by the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 can be achieved. Furthermore, for example, by providing an acoustic impedance network at the resonant cavity mouth 644, different reduction effects on the first resonance peak by the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 can be achieved (as shown in FIG. 8). In some embodiments, the volume of the resonant cavity 642 of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may be the same as or different from the volume of the second cavity 624. Note that in some embodiments, the mass of the magnetic circuit assembly 611 is greater than the mass of the housing 630, and with the same driving force, the amplitude of the magnetic circuit assembly 611 is smaller than that of the housing 630, especially in the mid-high frequency band (e.g., greater than 1 kHz). In other words, in the actual operation process of the acoustic output device 600, the vibration amplitude of the magnetic circuit assembly 611 is smaller than that of the housing 630. Based on this, when the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 is installed in the magnetic circuit assembly 611, a wall surface with a smaller vibration can be obtained, which has a more significant effect of absorbing acoustic energy and reducing the first resonance peak.

[0085] In some embodiments, the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may communicate with the first cavity 622 to adjust the frequency response of the air-conducted sound waves generated in the first cavity 622. The resonant cavity port 644 may communicate between the resonant cavity 642 and the first cavity 622. The air-conducted sound waves may be generated in the first cavity 622 and transmitted to the user's ear canal through the sound outlet 634. In such a case, the housing 630 may not be in contact with the user's skin, i.e., the acoustic output device 600 may not generate bone-conducted sound waves. For example, as shown in FIG. 6D, the resonant cavity port 644 and the resonant cavity 642 may both be disposed in the magnetic circuit assembly 611, and the resonant cavity port 644 may communicate with the first cavity 622. In some embodiments, the difference between the peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the resonant cavity opening 644 communicating with the first cavity 622 of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 is in an open state and the peak resonant intensity of the first resonant peak when the opening communicating with the first cavity 622 of the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 is in a closed state may be 3 dB or more, and more specifically, may be 5 dB, 10 dB, 15 dB, 20 dB, etc.

[0086] In some embodiments, the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may be in communication with both the first cavity 622 and the second cavity 624 to simultaneously adjust the frequency response of the air-conducted sound waves generated in the first cavity 622 (which may be referred to as the leakage sound generated in the first cavity 622) and the air-conducted sound waves generated in the second cavity 624. For example, as shown in FIG. 6E, the Helmholtz resonant cavity 640 may include a resonant cavity port 644 (which may be referred to as the first resonant cavity port) in communication with the first cavity 622 and a resonant cavity port 646 (which may be referred to as the second resonant cavity port) in communication with the second cavity 624. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the first resonant cavity port 644 may be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the second resonant cavity port 646.

[0087] In some embodiments, a second acoustic impedance network 650 may be further disposed at the at least one resonant cavity opening. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 3% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 4% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 5% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 10% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 15% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 30% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 50% or more. In some embodiments, the porosity of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 100%.

[0088] As shown in FIG. 8, as the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 increases, the acoustic output device 600 has a flatter frequency response curve of the air-conducted sound waves and a more uniform sound quality. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 0 to 1000 MKS rayls. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 50 to 900 MKS rayls. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 100 to 800 MKS rayls. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 200 to 700 MKS rayls. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 300 to 600 MKS rayls. In some embodiments, the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network 650 may be 400 to 500 MKS rayls.

[0089] It should be noted that the above description of the acoustic output device 600 is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, similarly, when the housing 630 is further provided with a decompression hole 632, the cavity communicating with the decompression hole 632 may interact with it to be equivalent to a Helmholtz resonant cavity structure. At this time, the acoustic output device 600 may further include a Helmholtz resonant cavity communicating with the cavity to reduce the resonant peak of the air-conducted sound wave generated in the cavity, thereby improving the sound quality of the acoustic output device 600.

[0090] FIG. 7 is a frequency response curve diagram of an air-conducted sound wave of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, M indicates the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. C indicates the volume of the resonant cavity of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 7-1 shows the frequency response curve of an acoustic output device without a Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 7-2 shows the frequency response curve of an acoustic output device with a Helmholtz resonant cavity, where the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity is 2M and the volume of the resonant cavity is 0.5C. Curve 7-3 shows the frequency response curve of an acoustic output device with a Helmholtz resonant cavity, where the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity is M and the volume of the resonant cavity is C. Curve 7-4 shows the frequency response curve of the sound output device in which a Helmholtz resonant cavity is installed, and the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity is 0.5M, and the volume of the resonant cavity is 2C. As can be seen from FIG. 7, different Helmholtz resonant cavities can have the same resonance frequency according to different volumes of the resonant cavities and cross-sectional areas of the resonant cavity mouth. When a Helmholtz resonant cavity is not installed in the sound output device (corresponding to curve 7-1), the frequency response curve of the air-conducted sound wave output from the sound output device generates a first resonance peak P in a high frequency band due to the interaction between the second cavity that generates the air-conducted sound wave and the sound outlet and / or the sound-conducting passage, thereby degrading the sound quality of the sound output device. The resonance frequency of the Helmholtz resonant cavity can be kept constant by setting the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth (i.e., M) and / or the volume of the resonant cavity (i.e., C) of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. When a Helmholtz resonant cavity that reduces the first resonant peak P of an air-conducted sound wave is installed in an acoustic output device, the reduction bandwidth of the first resonant peak P of the Helmholtz resonant cavity becomes wider as the area of ​​the resonant cavity mouth (i.e., M) decreases and the volume of the resonant cavity (i.e., C) increases, and the reduction effect becomes more pronounced.

[0091] FIG. 8 is a frequency response curve diagram of an air-conducted sound wave of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, R indicates the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network installed at the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 8-1 shows a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device without a Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 8-2 shows a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device with a Helmholtz resonant cavity installed and a second acoustic impedance network with an acoustic impedance of 0.2R installed at the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 8-3 shows a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device with a Helmholtz resonant cavity installed and a second acoustic impedance network with an acoustic impedance of R installed at the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. Curve 8-4 shows a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device with a Helmholtz resonant cavity installed and a second acoustic impedance network with an acoustic impedance of 5R installed at the resonant cavity mouth of the Helmholtz resonant cavity. In Fig. 8, when a Helmholtz resonant cavity is not installed in the sound output device (corresponding to curve 8-1), the frequency response curve of the air-conducted sound wave output from the sound output device generates a first resonant peak P in a high frequency band. When a Helmholtz resonant cavity that reduces the first resonant peak P of the air-conducted sound wave is installed in the sound output device, the frequency response curve of the sound output device becomes flatter as the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network installed at the resonant cavity mouth increases. In other words, the sound quality of the sound output device can be made more uniform by installing a Helmholtz resonant cavity and adjusting the acoustic impedance of the second acoustic impedance network.

[0092] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a frequency response curve of an air-conducted sound wave of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the acoustic output device 900 may be similar to the acoustic output device 200A shown in FIG. 2A. For example, the acoustic output device 900 may include an energy conversion device 910, a vibration membrane 920, and a housing 930. The housing 930 may form an accommodation cavity that accommodates at least some elements of the energy conversion device 910 and the vibration membrane 920. The accommodation cavity may include a first cavity 922 and a second cavity 924. The first cavity 922 may accommodate the energy conversion device 910. The housing 930 may be provided with a sound emission hole 934 communicating with the second cavity 924. The housing 930 may further be provided with a decompression hole 932 communicating with the first cavity 922. The energy conversion device 910 may include a magnetic circuit assembly 911 and a coil 913. For a more detailed description of the acoustic output device 900, reference may be made elsewhere herein (eg, FIG. 2A and the description thereof).

[0093] The housing 930 may include a first housing 931 (which may be referred to as a main housing) and a second housing 933 (which may be referred to as a sub-housing). The first housing 931 and the second housing 933 may be connected to form the housing 930. The first housing 931 may form at least a portion of the first cavity 922, and the second housing 933 may form at least a portion of the second cavity 924. In some embodiments, the second material for manufacturing the second housing 933 may be the same as the first material for manufacturing the first housing 931. Specifically, the second housing 933 may be connected to the first housing 931 by an elastic connecting member 936 and cooperate with the vibrating membrane 920 to form the second cavity 924. In such a case, the first housing 931, the energy conversion device 910 (e.g., a spring sheet connected to the first housing 931 in the energy conversion device 910), and the vibrating membrane 920 may form a vibration system having a natural frequency f1, and the second housing 933 and the elastic connecting member 936 may form a vibration system having a natural frequency f2. In some embodiments, the second material from which the second housing 933 is manufactured may be different from the first material from which the first housing 931 is manufactured. Specifically, the second housing 933 may have a different elastic coefficient from the first housing 931. In such a case, the first housing 931 may have a natural frequency f1 corresponding to the first material, and the second housing 933 may have a natural frequency f2 corresponding to the second material. In some embodiments, the natural frequency f1 associated with the first housing 931 may be referred to as a first resonant frequency of the first housing 931, and the natural frequency f2 associated with the second housing 933 may be referred to as a second resonant frequency of the second housing 933. Note that the resonant frequencies of the housings (e.g., the first housing 931, the second housing 933) may be measured by a laser vibrometer, an accelerometer, or the like, and are not limited to this application. For example, the second resonant frequency f2 of the second housing 933 can be measured by measuring the vibration of the outer surface of the second housing 933 by a laser vibrometer.Also, for example, the second resonant frequency f2 of the second housing 933 can be measured by gluing or mechanically attaching an accelerometer to the surface of the second housing 933 and using the accelerometer to measure the vibration of the outer surface of the second housing 933.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first resonant frequency may be lower than the second resonant frequency. At this time, the air-conducted sound waves of the acoustic output device 900 can be controlled by adjusting the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933. As shown in FIG. 10, f2 indicates the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933. As can be seen from FIG. 10, the acoustic output device 900 can output strong air-conducted sound waves in a frequency band lower than the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933. The acoustic output device 900 hardly outputs air-conducted sound waves in a frequency band higher than the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933. Specifically, in the vibration process of the first housing 931, the energy conversion device 910 and / or the vibrating membrane 920 may be considered to be substantially stationary or vibrating in a direction opposite to that of the first housing 931 due to the relationship between the force and the reaction force. When the vibration frequency of the first housing 931 is smaller than the second resonant frequency (for example, 20 Hz to 150 Hz or 20 Hz to 400 Hz), the phase difference between the second housing 933 and the first housing 931 may be −π / 3 to +π / 3. At this time, the second housing 933 may have the same vibration direction as the first housing 931, that is, the first housing 931 and the second housing 933 are in phase. Since the energy conversion device 910 and / or the vibrating membrane 920 have a vibration direction opposite to that of the second housing 933, the air between the second housing 933 and the vibrating membrane 920 (i.e., the air in the second cavity 924) may be compressed or expanded, and thus an air-conducted sound wave that is output to the outside of the sound output device 900 through the sound output hole 934 can be generated. When the vibration frequency of first housing 931 is higher than the second resonant frequency (for example, the vibration frequency of first housing 931 is 2 kHz to 4 kHz or 1 kHz to 2 kHz), the phase difference between second housing 933 and first housing 931 may be 2π / 3 to 4π / 3. In this case, second housing 933 may have a vibration direction opposite to that of first housing 931, or may have the same vibration direction as that of energy conversion device 910 and / or vibrating membrane 920.At this time, the air within the second cavity 924 is unlikely to be compressed or expanded, and therefore is unlikely to generate air-conducted sound waves that are output to the outside of the sound output device 900 via the sound output hole 934 .

[0095] In short, by rationally designing the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933, it is possible to control the sound output device 900 to generate air-conducted sound waves in a certain frequency band (e.g., a low frequency band lower than f2) that are output to the outside of the sound output device 900 through the sound output hole 934, and to hardly generate air-conducted sound waves in another frequency band (e.g., a high frequency band higher than f2) that are output to the outside of the sound output device 900 through the sound output hole 934. In other words, by adjusting the second resonant frequency of the second housing 933, it is possible to utilize air-conducted sound waves to complement a specific frequency band of bone-conducted sound waves.

[0096] In some embodiments, the magnitude of the second resonant frequency may be adjusted according to parameters such as the elastic coefficient of the second housing 933 and / or the elastic connecting member 936, which are not limited here. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 10 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 8 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 6 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 5 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 3 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 2 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 1 kHz or less. In some embodiments, the second resonant frequency may be 0.5 kHz or less.

[0097] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the acoustic output device 1100 may be similar to the acoustic output device 200A shown in FIG. 2A. For example, the acoustic output device 1100 may include a speaker assembly. The speaker assembly may include a core module (e.g., an energy conversion device, a diaphragm) and a housing 1110. The housing 1110 may form an accommodation cavity that accommodates at least some elements of the energy conversion device and the diaphragm. The accommodation cavity may include a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity may accommodate at least a part of the energy conversion device. The housing 1110 may be provided with a sound emission hole communicating with the second cavity. The housing 1110 may further be provided with a decompression hole communicating with the first cavity. Also, for example, the energy conversion device may include a magnetic circuit assembly and a coil. For a more detailed description of the audio output device 1100, reference may be made elsewhere herein (eg, FIG. 2A and the accompanying description).

[0098] Based on the relevant description of the speaker assembly above, when the sound output device 1100 is an air-bone conduction hybrid sound output device, the skin contact area 1112 of the housing 1110 (referred to as the first housing 1112) is in contact with the user's skin to transmit the mechanical vibration generated by the core module, and is also likely to generate bone-conducted sound waves. At the same time that the sound output device 1100 generates bone-conducted sound waves, the energy conversion device and the housing 1110 move relatively. Furthermore, due to the presence of the vibrating membrane, air-conducted sound waves are generated in the second cavity, which are transmitted to the human ear through the sound emission hole and are in phase with the bone-conducted sound. When the housing 1110 (i.e., the first housing 1112) contacts the user, the mechanical properties (e.g., elasticity, damping, mass) of the user's skin inversely affect the vibration state of the core module. Specifically, the closer the housing 1110 (i.e., the first area 11A of the first housing 1112) is to the user's skin, the weaker the vibration of the housing 1110. Furthermore, when the vibration of the housing 1110 becomes weaker, the relative motion between the housing 1110 and the energy conversion device and the vibrating membrane becomes weaker, which in turn reduces the generated air-conducted sound, ultimately affecting the listening effect of the air-conducted sound. However, the housing 1110 must not be completely separated from the user's skin, as this will affect the transmission of bone-conducted sound waves and further affect the listening effect of the bone-conducted sound.

[0099] In order to reduce the degree of contact between the housing 1110 and the skin, thereby reducing the effect of the skin on the vibration of the core module, and to allow the housing 1110 and / or the diaphragm to vibrate to generate sufficient air-conducted sound waves while preventing a decrease in the transmission efficiency of bone-conducted sound waves, the contact area between the housing and the user's skin may be reduced, for example, the skin contact area 1112 may be inclined. In some embodiments, the skin contact area 1112 may include a first area 11A and a second area 11B. The sound output device 1100 may further include a support assembly 1120 (e.g., the ear hook 122 in FIG. 1B). The support assembly 1120 may have one end connected to the housing 1110 and support the speaker assembly. The second area 11B may be farther away from the support assembly 1120 than the first area 11A. When the acoustic output device 1100 is in a worn state, the first region 11A of the skin contact area 1112 may contact the user's skin and be driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate bone-conducted sound waves. The second region 11B of the skin contact area 1112 may not contact the user's skin (e.g., may be inclined or spaced apart). In some embodiments, the first region 11A and the second region 11B may be flush with each other to reduce the difficulty of processing the housing 1110. For example, the housing 1110 and the support member 1120 may be disposed at a certain angle, so that the acoustic output device 1100 is inclined and spaced apart from the user's skin when worn. In some embodiments, the first region 11A and the second region 11B may not be flush with each other. For example, the first region 11A and the second region 11B may be disposed on two planes, respectively, and these two planes may be connected by a circular arc surface. Furthermore, for example, the first region 11A and the second region 11B may each be different parts of a single arcuate surface.

[0100] In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the skin contact area 1112 (e.g., the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin) may be set according to actual needs. In this specification, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be the average value of the maximum angle and the minimum angle between the tangent plane of the second area 11B and the plane on which the user's skin is located. In some embodiments, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be in the range of 0° to 45°. In some embodiments, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be in the range of 2° to 40°. In some embodiments, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be in the range of 5° to 35°. In some embodiments, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be in the range of 10° to 30°. In some embodiments, the included angle γ between the second area 11B and the user's skin may be in the range of 15° to 25°. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the second region 11B may be greater than the area of ​​the first region 11A.

[0101] 12 is a block diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12, audio output device 1200 may include a speaker assembly 1210, a transmission assembly 1220, and a support assembly 1230. Speaker assembly 1210 may be connected to support assembly 1230 by transmission assembly 1220.

[0102] The speaker assembly 1210 may generate a mechanical vibration signal (e.g., bone-conducted sound waves and / or air-conducted sound waves) based on the electrical signal. The electrical signal may include audio information. The audio information may be a video file or an audio file having a specific data format, general data, or a file that can ultimately be converted into audio in a specific manner. The electrical signal may be received from a signal source, such as a microphone, a computer, a mobile phone, an MP3 player, etc. For example, a microphone may receive an audio signal from an audio source. The microphone may then convert the received audio signal into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the speaker assembly 1210. Also for example, the speaker assembly 1210 may be connected to or communicate with an MP3 player. The MP3 player may directly transmit the electrical signal to the speaker assembly 1210. In some embodiments, the speaker assembly 1210 may be connected to and / or communicate with a signal source via a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination thereof. The wired connection may include, for example, a cable, an optical cable, a telephone line, or the like, or any combination thereof. The wireless connection may include a Bluetooth network, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a near field communication (NFC) network, a ZigBee network, etc., or any combination thereof. For more information regarding the speaker assembly, reference may be made elsewhere in this application (e.g., FIG. 2A and its description).

[0103] The transmission assembly 1220 may be physically connected to the speaker assembly 1210. Thus, the transmission assembly 1220 may receive a vibration signal from the speaker assembly 1210. When the acoustic output device 1200 is worn by a user, an angle may be formed between the transmission assembly 1220 and the user. As used herein, the angle between the transmission assembly 1220 and the user may be an angle between a major axis of the transmission assembly 1220 and a plane on which the user's skin is located. In some embodiments, the angle may be in an angle range of 0 to 90°, or 0 to 70°, or 5 to 50°, or 10 to 50°, or 10 to 30°, etc.

[0104] The transmission assembly 1220 may contact the user via a skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 and transmit the vibration signal received by the skin contact area to the user. In some embodiments, the contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 with the user (e.g., the user's skin) may change in response to the vibration signal. In some embodiments, the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be located, for example, on the forehead, neck (e.g., throat), face (e.g., area around the mouth, chin), top of the head, mastoid process, area around the ears, temples, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0105] The skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be a certain distance away from the speaker assembly 1210. The speaker assembly 1210 may vibrate about a rotation axis proximate to the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220. In such a case, the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be closer to the rotation axis than the speaker assembly 1210. Thus, the vibration intensity of the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be less than the vibration intensity of the speaker assembly 1210, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the user. For example, the transmission assembly 1220 may include an elastic element having at least one arc-shaped structure. The skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be at a protruding portion of the at least one arc-shaped structure. The speaker assembly 1210 may vibrate around the skin contact area in response to a vibration signal. More description of the arc-shaped structure may be found elsewhere in this application (e.g., FIG. 14 and its description). Also for example, the transmission assembly 1220 may include a connection unit, a vibration transmission plate, and an elastic element. The speaker assembly 1210 may be mounted on an upper surface of the connection unit, and the vibration transmission plate may be connected to one end of the connection unit. The skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 may be mounted on the vibration transmission plate. The support assembly 1230 may be connected to the connection unit or the vibration transmission plate by an elastic element. The speaker assembly 1210 may vibrate about a connection point between the support assembly 1230 and the elastic element in response to a vibration signal. More description of the connection unit, the vibration transmission plate, and the transmission assembly having the elastic element can be found elsewhere in this application (e.g., FIG. 13 and its description).

[0106] In some embodiments, the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220 is placed in the area around the ear, with one surface of the speaker assembly 1210 facing the ear canal of the user. In this way, when the vibration speaker 1210 vibrates, the speaker assembly 1210 can be driven to vibrate the air around the vibration speaker 1210 to generate air-conducted sound waves. The air-conducted sound waves are transmitted to the ear by the air, thereby improving the intensity of the sound transmitted to the user. Thus, the user hears not only bone-conducted sound waves generated by the vibration of the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1220, but also air-conducted sound waves generated by the speaker assembly 1210 driving the surrounding air.

[0107] In some embodiments, the housing of the speaker assembly 1210 may include one or more sound emission holes, such as located on a side wall of the housing or on a side facing the user's ear canal. In this manner, when the speaker assembly 1210 vibrates, air-conducted sound waves generated in the housing (e.g., the second cavity) of the speaker assembly 1210 may be transmitted outside the housing through the one or more sound emission holes and further to the user's ear. In some embodiments, when the user is wearing the audio output device 1200, the one or more sound emission holes of the speaker assembly 1210 may be positioned toward the user's ear canal. Thus, the user may further hear the air-conducted sound waves transmitted from the one or more sound emission holes of the speaker assembly 1210, thereby enhancing the intensity of the sound heard by the user.

[0108] The support assembly 1230 may be physically connected to the speaker assembly 1210 by the transfer assembly 1220. The support assembly 1230 may be configured to support the transfer assembly 1220 and / or the speaker assembly 1210 such that the transfer assembly 1220 contacts the user's skin.

[0109] In some embodiments, the support assembly 1230 may include a fixing portion, which may better fix the audio output device 1200 to the user and prevent it from falling off during use by the user. In some embodiments, the fixing portion may have any shape that fits a certain part of the human body (e.g., ear, head, neck), such as a U-shape, a C-shape, a ring shape, an ellipse, a semicircle, etc., so that the audio output device 1200 can be worn independently on the user's body. For example, the shape of the fixing portion of the support assembly 1230 may match the shape of a person's pinna, so that the audio output device 1200 can be worn independently on the user's ear. Also, for example, the shape of the fixing portion of the support assembly 1230 may match the shape of a person's head, so that the audio output device 1200 can be prevented from falling off by suspending the support assembly 1230 from the user's head.

[0110] In some embodiments, the support assembly 1230 may be a housing structure having a hollow interior. The hollow interior may accommodate a battery assembly, a control circuit assembly, a Bluetooth device, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the support assembly 1230 may be made of various materials, such as metal materials (e.g., aluminum, gold, copper), alloy materials (e.g., aluminum alloy, titanium alloy), plastic materials (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, nylon), and fiber materials (e.g., acetate fiber, propionate fiber, carbon fiber). In some embodiments, a sheath may be provided on the support assembly 1230. The sheath may be made of a soft material with a certain elasticity, such as soft silicone rubber, rubber, and the like, which can provide a better tactile sensation to the user.

[0111] It should be noted that the above description of the audio output device 100 is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. In some embodiments, the connection manner between any two assemblies (e.g., the speaker assembly 1210, the transmission assembly 1220, and the support assembly 130) of the audio output device 1200 may include adhesive bonding, riveting, threaded connection, integral formation, intake connection, or other similar manners, or any combination thereof.

[0112] In some embodiments, the audio output device 1200 may further include an auxiliary support member, which may assist in supporting the speaker assembly 1210 by contacting the user. The auxiliary support member may have a rod-like structure, and an end of the auxiliary support member may be directly connected to the speaker assembly 1210. Thus, when the user wears the audio output device 1200, the auxiliary support member may contact the speaker assembly 1210. Thereby, the speaker assembly 1210 may transmit a portion of a vibration signal to the user through the auxiliary support member, thereby further improving the intensity of the sound heard by the user.

[0113] 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary acoustic output device in relation to a process of transmitting a vibration signal to a user, according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13 (e.g., state 13a in FIG. 13), an acoustic output device 1300 may include a speaker assembly 1310, a transmission assembly 1320 (assembly within dashed box 1320), and a support assembly 1330.

[0114] The speaker assembly 1310 may be connected to the support assembly 1330 by a transmission assembly 1320. The speaker assembly 1310 may generate a vibration signal indicative of sound based on the electrical signal. By way of example only, the speaker assembly 1310 may include an energy conversion device, a diaphragm, and a housing. The energy conversion device may include a magnetic circuit assembly and a coil. The coil may vibrate in a magnetic field provided by the magnetic circuit assembly and drive the diaphragm and / or the housing to vibrate. The housing may include a front housing facing the human body and a rear housing facing the front housing. The speaker assembly 1310 may provide various resonant peaks. In some embodiments, the speaker assembly 1310 may provide one or more low-frequency resonant peaks in a frequency range less than 500 Hz, less than 800 Hz, or less than 1000 Hz. The low-frequency resonant peaks may be related to the elastic modulus of the housing. The lower the elastic modulus of the housing, the lower the low-frequency resonant peaks of the speaker assembly 1310 may be.

[0115] The transmission assembly 1320 may transmit the vibration signal to a user (e.g., to the cochlea of ​​the user) through contact with the user. In some embodiments, the transmission assembly 1320 may include a connection unit 1322, a vibration transmission plate 1324, and an elastic element 1326. A skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1320 that contacts the user may be located on the vibration transmission plate 1324.

[0116] In some embodiments, the connection unit 1322 may be a structure having two ends (e.g., a first end E1 and a second end E2). For example, the connection unit 1322 may be a rod-like structure, a sheet-like structure, etc. having two ends. The speaker assembly 1310 may be connected to the vibration transmission plate 1324 by the connection unit 1322. For example, a side wall (e.g., a lower wall) of the speaker assembly 1310 may be connected to a side wall (e.g., an upper wall) of the connection unit 1322. Preferably, the speaker assembly 1310 may be installed on the upper side and connected to the first end E1 of the connection unit 1322. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, when the connection unit 1322 is a rectangular rod, the speaker assembly 1310 may be installed on the upper wall of the connection unit 1322. For simplicity, the upper side of the connection unit 1322 is the side of the connection unit 1322 that is away from the user's skin, and the lower side of the connection unit 1322 is the side of the connection unit 1322 that is toward the user's skin. Similarly, the top side of the speaker assembly 1310 is the side of the speaker assembly 1310 away from the user's skin, and the bottom side of the speaker assembly 1310 is the side of the speaker assembly 1310 towards the user's skin. In some embodiments, if the connection unit 1322 is a rod-like structure, the cross-section of the rod may be any other shape, such as a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, an ellipse, a regular hexagon, an irregular shape, etc. In some embodiments, if the connection unit 1322 is a sheet-like structure, the shape of the sheet structure may include a rectangle, an ellipse, an irregular shape, etc.

[0117] The vibration transmission plate 1324 may be connected to the underside of the connection unit 1322 at the second end E2. The skin contact area of ​​the vibration transmission plate 1324 and the transmission assembly 1320 may be a certain distance away from the speaker assembly 1310. The vibration transmission plate 1324 may be configured to contact the user (as shown in FIG. 13, the dashed line 1340 may be generally considered as the user's skin) to transmit the vibration signal to the user. In some embodiments, the vibration transmission plate 1324 may be a block-like object, such as a wedge-shaped block, allowing or causing the speaker assembly 1310 to suspend above the user's skin, thereby forming an angle (e.g., θ in FIG. 13a) between the upper or lower surface of the connection unit 1322 and the surface of the user's skin. In some embodiments, the angle between the upper or lower surface of the connection unit 1322 and the surface of the user's skin may be in a range of 0° to 90°, or 0° to 70°, or 5° to 50°, or 10° to 50°, or 10° to 30°, etc. In some embodiments, the angle between the upper or lower surface of the connection unit 1322 and the surface of the user's skin may be referred to as the angle between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 (or the plane on which the user's skin lies).

[0118] The elastic element 1326 and the vibration transmission plate 1324 may be located at the same end of the connection unit 1322, i.e., the elastic element 1326 may be connected to the second end E2 of the connection unit 1322. A convex structure 1328 may be provided on the vibration transmission plate 1324 (shown in FIG. 13 ). Both ends of the elastic element 1326 may be connected to the convex structure 1328 and the second end E2 of the connection unit 1322, respectively. In some embodiments, the elastic element 1326 may be a sheet-like structure or a rod-like structure having a certain elasticity.

[0119] The first end of the support assembly 1330 may be connected to the elastic element 1326 at any point (e.g., a center point) of the elastic element 1326. In some embodiments, the first end of the support assembly 1330 may be connected to the elastic element 1326 directly or through a connection element 1332. For example, the first end of the support assembly 1330 may be connected to the center of the elastic element 1326 directly or through a connection element 1332. When the acoustic output device 1300 is fixedly attached to a user, the support assembly 1330 may be considered stationary with respect to the user, and in such a case, the speaker assembly 1310 may drive the connection unit 1322 and the vibration transmission plate 1324 to rotate about a particular connection point 1350 between the support assembly 1330 and the elastic element 1326 in response to a vibration signal.

[0120] 13, state 13a indicates an initial state of the sound output device 1300 in the process of transmitting a vibration signal, and state 13b indicates an intermediate state of the sound output device 1300 in the process of transmitting a vibration signal. Arrow A indicates the vibration direction of the speaker assembly 1310, and the length of arrow A indicates the vibration strength.

[0121] When the acoustic output device 1300 is in an initial state (state 13a), when the angle between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 is θ, the contact area between the vibration transmission plate 1324 and the user's skin 1340 is maximum in the process of transmitting the vibration signal. When the acoustic output device 1300 is in an intermediate state (state 13b), the angle between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 may be smaller than the angle between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 in the initial state of the acoustic output device 1300. Thus, the contact area between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 may change in response to the vibration signal. For example, in the process of the speaker assembly 1310 vibrating toward the user's skin 1340 around a specific connection point 1350, the angle between the transmission assembly 1320 and the user's skin 1340 may gradually decrease (i.e., θ'<θ in state 13b). In this case, the contact area between the vibration transmission plate 1324 and the user's skin 1340 in the intermediate state of the sound output device 1300 may be smaller than the contact area between the vibration transmission plate 1324 and the user's skin 1340 in the initial state of the sound output device 1300. Therefore, the vibration sensation of the user can be reduced in the process of the speaker assembly 1310 transmitting a vibration signal to the user.

[0122] Also, since the vibration transmission plate 1324 is a certain distance away from the speaker assembly 1310 and the distance from the vibration transmission plate 1324 to the specific connection point 1350 is smaller than the distance from the speaker assembly 1310 to the specific connection point 1350, the vibration intensity of the vibration transmission plate 1324 may be smaller than that of the speaker assembly 1310 in the process of transmitting the vibration signal, thereby further reducing the vibration sensation of the user. By way of example only, arrow B indicates the vibration of a certain point in the skin contact area, and the length of arrow B indicates the vibration intensity of the point. Since the vertical distance from the specific connection point 1350 to arrow B is smaller than the vertical distance from the specific connection point 1350 to arrow A, the vibration intensity indicated by arrow A (i.e., the length of arrow A) may be greater than the intensity of vibration arrow B (i.e., the length of arrow B).

[0123] Therefore, by using the transmission assembly 1320, the vibration caused by the speaker assembly 1310 can be reduced, so that the user can be protected from unpleasant vibration sensations in the low frequency range. Based on this, the frequency response of the speaker assembly 1310 can be designed more flexibly to accommodate different demands. For example, the minimum resonance peak of the speaker assembly 1310 can be moved to a lower frequency range to provide the user with a richer low frequency signal. As described above, the minimum resonance peak of the speaker assembly 1310 can be adjusted by changing the elastic modulus of the housing of the speaker assembly 1310. In some embodiments, the elastic modulus of the housing of the speaker assembly 1310 may be designed such that the minimum resonant peak of the speaker assembly 1310 is less than 2500 Hz, or less than 2000 Hz, or less than 1500 Hz, or less than 1200 Hz, or less than 1000 Hz, or less than 800 Hz, or less than 500 Hz, or less than 300 Hz, or less than 200 Hz, or less than 100 Hz, or less than 90 Hz, or less than 50 Hz.

[0124] It should be noted that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications under the guidance of the present application. However, these changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the speaker assembly 1310 may be directly connected to the vibration transmission plate 1324, i.e., the connection unit 1322 may be omitted. In such a case, the elastic element 1326 may be directly connected to the speaker assembly 1310. For example, the sound output device 1300 may further include one or more additional members, such as an auxiliary support member (not shown). For example, the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1320 may be located in the area around the ear, so that the surface of the speaker assembly 1310 can better propagate air-conducted sound waves toward the user's ear canal and to the ear.

[0125] Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary audio output device in relation to a process of transmitting a vibration signal to a user, according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Fig. 14, audio output device 1400 may be similar to audio output device 1300 shown in Fig. 13. Audio output device 1400 may include a speaker assembly 1410, a transmission assembly 1420, and a support assembly 1430.

[0126] The speaker assembly 1410 may be connected to the support assembly 1430 by a transmission assembly 1420. The speaker assembly 1410 may generate a vibration signal indicative of sound based on the electrical signal. The speaker assembly 1410 may be similar to or the same as the speaker assembly 1310 shown in FIG.

[0127] The transmission assembly 1420 may include an elastic element. The elastic element may include a connecting portion 1422 and an arc-shaped structure 1424, where a first end of the connecting portion 1422 is connected to a first end E3 of the arc-shaped structure 1424. In some embodiments, the elastic element (e.g., the connecting portion 1422 and / or the arc-shaped structure 1424) may be made of various elastic materials, such as metal materials (e.g., aluminum, gold, copper), alloy materials (e.g., aluminum alloy, titanium alloy), plastic materials (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, nylon), and fiber materials (e.g., acetate fiber, propionate fiber, carbon fiber).

[0128] The speaker assembly 1410 may be physically connected to the connecting portion 1422. For example, if the connecting portion 1422 is a sheet-like structure, the speaker assembly 1410 may be disposed on an upper surface of the connecting portion 1422. Also for example, if the connecting portion 1422 is a rod-like structure, the speaker assembly 1410 may be disposed on an upper surface of the connecting portion 1422, and a sidewall of the speaker assembly 1410 may be connected to a second end of the connecting portion 1422.

[0129] The protruding portion of the arc-shaped structure 1424 may contact the user's skin 1440, so that the speaker assembly 1410 may transmit the vibration signal to the user through the transmission assembly 1420. In such a case, the contact area between the arc-shaped structure 1424 and the user's skin 1440 may be smaller than the area of ​​the skin contact area of ​​the transmission assembly 1320 shown in FIG. 13. The contact area between the transmission assembly 1420 and the user's skin 1440 may be substantially unchanged when responding to the vibration signal. The speaker assembly 1410 may be suspended on the user's skin, forming an angle between the connecting portion 1422 and the surface of the user's skin 1440 (e.g., angle a in state 14a of FIG. 14). In some embodiments, the angle between the connecting portion 1422 and the surface of the user's skin 1440 may be in an angle range of 0° to 90°, or 0° to 70°, or 5° to 50°, or 10° to 50°, or 10° to 30°. In some embodiments, the angle between connecting portion 1422 and the surface of user's skin 1440 may be referred to as the angle between transmission assembly 1420 and user's skin 1440 (or the plane on which the user's skin lies).

[0130] In some embodiments, the protruding portion of the arc-shaped structure 1424 that contacts the user's skin 1440 may be referred to as the skin contact area 1450 of the transmission assembly 1420. The skin contact area 1450 of the transmission assembly 1420 may be a certain distance away from the speaker assembly 1410. The second end E4 of the arc-shaped structure 1424 may be connected to one end of the support assembly 1430. If the acoustic output device 1400 is fixedly attached to the user, the support assembly 1430 may be considered stationary with respect to the user, and in such a case, the speaker assembly 1410 may drive the transmission assembly 1420 (i.e., the connecting portion 1422 of the elastic element and the arc-shaped structure 1424) to vibrate or rotate about the skin contact area 1450 in response to a vibration signal. In some embodiments, the second end E4 of the arc-shaped structure 1424 may be connected to the support assembly 1430 by a connecting element 1432.

[0131] 14, state 14a indicates an initial state of the audio output device 1400 in the process of transmitting a vibration signal, and state 14b indicates an intermediate state of the audio output device 1400 in the process of transmitting a vibration signal. Arrow A indicates the vibration direction of the speaker assembly 1410, and the length of arrow A indicates the vibration strength.

[0132] During the process of transmitting the vibration signal, the contact area between the arc-shaped structure 1424 and the user's skin 1440 is small, and the vibration signal generated by the speaker assembly 1410 is partially converted into elastic deformation of the transmission assembly 1420 (e.g., the connection portion 1422 and / or the arc-shaped structure 1424), so the user's vibration sensation can be reduced compared to the vibration sensation when the speaker assembly 1410 directly contacts the user's skin 1440.

[0133] Also, since the skin contact area 1450 is a certain distance away from the speaker assembly 1410, in the process of transmitting the vibration signal, the vibration intensity of the skin contact area 1450 may be smaller than that of the speaker assembly 1410, thereby further reducing the vibration sensation of the user. By way of example only, arrow B indicates the vibration of a point near the skin contact area 1450, and the length of arrow B indicates the vibration intensity of the point. Since the vertical distance from the skin contact area 1450 to arrow B is smaller than the vertical distance from the skin contact area 1450 to arrow A, the vibration intensity indicated by arrow A (i.e., the length of arrow A) may be larger than the vibration intensity indicated by arrow B (i.e., the length of arrow B).

[0134] Therefore, by using the transmission assembly 1420, the vibration caused by the speaker assembly 1410 can be reduced, so that the user can be protected from unpleasant vibration sensations in the low frequency range. Based on this, the frequency response of the speaker assembly 1410 can be designed more flexibly to accommodate various demands. For example, the minimum resonance peak of the speaker assembly 1410 can be moved to the low frequency range to provide the user with a richer low frequency signal. As described above, the minimum resonance peak of the speaker assembly 1410 can be adjusted by changing the elastic modulus of the housing of the speaker assembly 1410. In some embodiments, the elastic modulus of the housing of the speaker assembly 1410 may be designed such that the minimum resonant peak of the speaker assembly 1410 is less than 2500 Hz, or less than 2000 Hz, or less than 1500 Hz, or less than 1200 Hz, or less than 1000 Hz, or less than 800 Hz, or less than 500 Hz, or less than 300 Hz, or less than 200 Hz, or less than 100 Hz, or less than 90 Hz, or less than 50 Hz.

[0135] For illustrative purposes only, only one elastic element is described for the acoustic output device 1400. However, the acoustic output device 1400 herein may further include multiple elastic elements, so that the vibration signal may be transmitted together by the multiple elastic elements. In some embodiments, the elastic element may include multiple arc-shaped structures, so that the vibration signal may be transmitted together by the multiple arc-shaped structures. For example, the multiple arc-shaped structures may be placed side by side.

[0136] It should be noted that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications under the guidance of the present application. However, these changes and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the arc-shaped structure 1424 may be directly connected to the speaker assembly 1410, i.e., the connecting portion 1422 may be omitted. For example, the sound output device 1400 may further include one or more additional members, such as an auxiliary support member (not shown). For example, the skin contact area 1450 of the transmission assembly 1420 may be located in the area around the ear, so that the surface of the speaker assembly 1410 can better transmit air-conducted sound waves toward the user's ear canal and to the ear.

[0137] 15 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, audio output device 1500 may include signal processing circuitry 1510 and a speaker assembly 1520. Signal processing circuitry 1510 may be electrically connected to speaker assembly 1520.

[0138] The signal processing circuit 1510 may receive and process an audio signal (e.g., an electrical signal) received from an audio signal source to obtain a target audio signal. The target audio signal may drive the speaker assembly 1520 to generate sound. For example, the signal processing circuit 1510 may receive an audio signal from a device such as a mobile phone, an MP3, a microphone, etc., in a wired and / or wireless manner. The signal processing circuit 1510 may perform one or more signal processing operations on the received audio signal, such as, for example, decoding, sampling, digitization, compression, frequency division, frequency modulation, EQ equalization, gain adjustment, encoding, etc. The signal processing circuit 1510 may transmit the processed target audio signal to the speaker assembly 1520. In some embodiments, the signal processing circuit may be integrated into a control circuit (e.g., the control circuit 140 in FIG. 1).

[0139] The speaker assembly 1520 can receive a target audio signal and convert it into sound (e.g., air-conducted sound waves, bone-conducted sound waves). By way of example only, the speaker assembly 1520 may include an energy transforming device, a diaphragm, and a housing. The energy transforming device may be electrically connected to the signal processing circuit 1510 to receive the target audio signal. The energy transforming device may convert the target audio signal into a mechanical vibration signal. The diaphragm may be driven by the energy transforming device to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves. In some embodiments, the energy transforming device may be connected to a housing. The housing may include a skin contact area. The skin contact area may be driven by the energy transforming device to vibrate and generate bone-conducted sound waves. For more information regarding the speaker assembly, reference may be made elsewhere herein (e.g., FIG. 2A and the description thereof).

[0140] As can be seen from the above, due to the interaction between the cavity (e.g., the second cavity) of the speaker assembly 1520 and the sound output hole, the air-conducted sound wave output from the speaker assembly 1520 (or the audio output device 1500) has a first resonance peak in its frequency response curve. At the first resonance peak, the output of the air-conducted sound generated in the cavity increases rapidly, and the air-conducted sound output from the speaker assembly 1520 (or the audio output device 1500) and the leaking sound caused by it increase rapidly in a resonance frequency band near the frequency corresponding to the first resonance peak, which causes the sound quality of the audio output device 1500 to become uneven and the leaking sound to increase. For this reason, the signal processing circuit 1510 is used to reduce the signal amplitude of the corresponding frequency band, and further to reduce the output of the sound in that frequency band, thereby reducing the sudden increase in sound, thereby improving the sound quality and leaking sound of the audio output device 1500.

[0141] Exemplarily, the signal processing circuit 1510 may include at least one equalizer 1512 (EQ) to realize signal equalization. Specifically, a signal gain factor for a first frequency band of the audio signal of the equalizer 1512 may be greater than a signal gain factor for a second frequency band of the equalizer 1512, the second frequency band being higher than the first frequency band. In some embodiments, the first frequency band may include at least 500 Hz. The second frequency band may include at least 3.5 kHz or 4.5 kHz. In some embodiments, the first resonance peak may be moved to as high a frequency as possible. For example, the peak resonance frequency of the first resonance peak may be set to be within or higher than the second frequency band. In this way, the equalizer 1512 reduces the signal amplitude, further reducing the signal output of the second frequency band, weakening the sudden increase in air-conducted sound, and making the high frequencies of the sound quality of the audio output device 1500 more uniform.

[0142] In some embodiments, the equalizer 1512 may include one or more filters. The filters may include analog filters, digital filters, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the equalizer 1512 may include a wavelet filter, a moving average filter, a median filter, an adaptive median filter, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the equalizer 1512 may include a digital bandpass filter to suppress a sudden increase in the leakage sound in the resonant frequency band. The center frequency of the digital bandpass filter may be close to the peak frequency of the first resonant peak, for example, the frequency difference between the two may be within one octave band. The quality factor Q of the digital bandpass filter may be in the range of 0.5 to 6. The gain of the digital bandpass filter may be controlled in the range of 0 to 12 dB.

[0143] In some embodiments, the signal processing circuit 1510 may further include a volume monitoring module. The volume monitoring module may monitor the volume of the audio output device 1500. The equalizer 1512 may set different signal gain factors for the first frequency band based on the volume of the audio output device 1500. For more information regarding the volume monitoring module, reference may be made elsewhere herein (e.g., FIG. 16 and its description).

[0144] In some embodiments, the higher the volume, the smaller the signal gain factor for the first frequency band. For example, when the volume is low, the equalizer can increase the signal gain factor for low frequencies, so as to make the audible low frequencies sufficient and saturated, and improve the sound quality; when the volume is high, the equalizer can decrease the signal gain factor for low frequencies, so as to avoid distortion caused by the speaker's amplitude being too large.

[0145] 16 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary audio output device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16, the audio output device 1600 may be similar to the audio output device 1500 shown in FIG. 15. For example, the audio output device 1600 may include a signal processing circuit 1610 and a speaker assembly 1620. Also for example, the signal processing circuit 1610 may include an equalizer. For more information regarding the equalizer, reference may be made elsewhere herein (e.g., FIG. 15 and the description therein).

[0146] The signal processing circuit 1610 may include two or more equalizers (e.g., equalizer 1612-1, equalizer 1612-2, equalizer 1612-3, equalizer 1612-4). Each equalizer may have different equalization parameters. In other words, the equalization effect of each equalizer on the same signal is different. For example, the signal gain coefficient of the equalizer 1612-1 for the 200 Hz to 500 Hz frequency band of the audio signal may be larger than the signal gain coefficient of the equalizer 1612-1 for the 2 kHz to 3 kHz frequency band. Also, for example, the signal gain coefficient of the equalizer 1612-2 for the 400 Hz to 1 kHz frequency band of the audio signal may be larger than the signal gain coefficient of the equalizer 1612-2 for the 3 kHz to 4.5 kHz frequency band.

[0147] The signal processing circuit 1610 may further include a volume monitoring module 1616. After the signal processing circuit 1610 receives an audio signal from an audio signal source (e.g., a mobile phone), the volume monitoring module 1616 may combine the audio signal and the volume setting of the audio output device 1600 to determine a volume state of the audio output device 1600. In some embodiments, each volume state of the audio output device 1600 may correspond to one equalizer. The signal processing circuit 1610 may select a corresponding equalizer to perform equalization processing on the audio signal based on the volume state of the audio output device 1600. For example, when the volume is low, an equalizer with more low frequencies (i.e., a larger signal gain coefficient for low frequencies) may be invoked to make the audible low frequencies sufficient and saturated, and improve the sound quality. Also, for example, when the volume is high, an equalizer with slightly less low frequencies may be invoked to limit the amplitude of the speaker assembly 1620 to avoid experiencing distortion or unpleasant vibration caused by the amplitude being too large.

[0148] In some embodiments, if the volume monitoring module 1616 cannot monitor the volume state of the audio output device 1600, the default equalizer may be set as the equalizer corresponding to the audio signal to perform equalization processing and update the audio signal. The volume monitoring module 1616 may re-determine the volume state of the audio output device 1600 based on the updated audio signal until the volume state of the audio output device 1600 becomes the known volume state. The signal processing circuit 1610 may select the corresponding equalizer based on the known volume state to perform equalization processing.

[0149] It should be noted that the above description of the audio output device is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and / or alternative exemplary embodiments. For example, the audio output device 1600 may further include a waterproof liner plate to improve the waterproof and dustproof performance of the audio output device 1600. Also, for example, when the user wears the audio output device 1600, the speaker assembly 1620 may be placed at an angle to the user's skin.

[0150] Although the basic concept has been described above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the above disclosure of the invention is merely presented as an example and is not intended to limit the present application. Although not expressly described herein, those skilled in the art may make various changes, improvements and modifications to the present application. These changes, improvements and modifications are intended to be suggested by the present application and therefore are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0151] Furthermore, certain terms are used herein to describe embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, it is emphasized and understood that references to "one embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "one alternative embodiment" more than once in various parts of this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Also, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.

[0152] Moreover, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, aspects of the present application may be illustrated and described in several patentable classes or contexts, including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or combination of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereto. Thus, aspects of the present application may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software. Any of the above hardware or software may be referred to as a "data block," "module," "engine," "unit," "assembly," or "system." Moreover, aspects of the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable medium(s) containing computer-readable program code.

[0153] Furthermore, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of enumeration of processing elements or sequences herein, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other designations does not limit the order of procedures and methods herein. While the above disclosure describes through various examples what are presently believed to be various useful embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that such details are for the sake of simplicity and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are within the spirit and scope of the embodiments herein. For example, the system assembly described above may be implemented by a hardware device, but may also be implemented as a software-only solution, for example, by installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

[0154] Similarly, in the foregoing description of embodiments of the present application, various features may be grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description for the purpose of simplifying the application and facilitating an understanding of one or more embodiments of the present invention. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are recited in each claim. In fact, an embodiment may include fewer than all features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

[0155] In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used, and it is understood that the numbers describing such embodiments are modified in some instances by the modifiers "about," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise specified, "about," "approximately," or "generally" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Thus, in some embodiments, all numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the characteristics required for a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be calculated taking into account the number of significant digits provided and ordinary rounding techniques should be applied. In some embodiments, the numerical ranges and parameters used to determine the ranges are approximations; however, in specific embodiments, such numerical values ​​are set as precisely as possible.

[0156] All patents, patent applications, published patent applications, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., referenced in this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, except for prosecution history documents that are inconsistent or inconsistent with the content of this application, and documents that may have a limiting effect on the broadest scope of the claims of this application (now or later related to this application). In addition, if the explanations, definitions, and / or use of terms in the accompanying materials of this application are inconsistent or inconsistent with the content set forth in this application, the explanations, definitions, and / or use of terms in this application shall control.

[0157] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other variations may be within the scope of the present application. Thus, by way of example, and not of limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the present application may be considered consistent with the teachings of the present application. Thus, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the embodiments expressly introduced and described herein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0158] 100 Audio output device 110 Speaker Assembly 120 Ear hook assembly 130 Rear hanging assembly 140 Control circuit assembly 150 Battery Assembly

Claims

1. 1. An audio output device including a speaker assembly, the speaker assembly comprising: An energy conversion device; a vibrating membrane that is driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate air-conducted sound waves; a housing defining a receiving cavity for receiving the energy conversion device and the diaphragm; Including, the vibration membrane divides the accommodation cavity to form a first cavity and a second cavity, the housing is provided with a sound emission hole communicating with the second cavity, and the air-conducted sound wave is transmitted to an outside of the sound output device through the sound emission hole, a sound conducting passage communicating with the sound output hole is provided in the housing to guide the air-conducted sound wave toward a target direction outside the sound output device, the length of the sound conducting passage being 7 mm or less; The housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the second housing being connected to the first housing by an elastic connecting member; the first housing defines at least a portion of the first cavity and has a first resonant frequency, the second housing defines at least a portion of the second cavity and has a second resonant frequency, the first resonant frequency being less than the second resonant frequency; the first housing is connected to the energy conversion device and vibrates to generate bone-conducted acoustic waves under the driving of the energy conversion device; At a vibration frequency lower than the second resonant frequency, a phase difference between the second housing and the first housing is −π / 3 to +π / 3; At a vibration frequency higher than the second resonant frequency, a phase difference between the second housing and the first housing is 2π / 3 to 4π / 3. Audio output device.

2. The sound output device according to claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional area of ​​the sound-conducting passage gradually increases along a direction in which the air-conducted sound waves propagate.

3. 3. The sound output device according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a volume of the sound conducting passage to a volume of the second cavity is in a range of 0.05 to 0.

9.

4. 4. The sound output device according to claim 1, wherein a passage wall of the sound conducting passage includes a curved structure.

5. The energy conversion device includes: a magnetic circuit assembly for providing a magnetic field; a coil that vibrates under the influence of said magnetic field in response to a received audio signal; a coil holder that supports the coil and has at least a portion exposed from a side of the housing along a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction of the housing; Including, The sound output device is The acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a sound-guiding member including the sound-guiding passage and a recessed area, and when the sound-guiding member is physically connected to the housing, the coil holder is located within the recessed area.

6. The air-conducted sound wave output through the sound output hole has a first resonance peak, and the sound output device 6. The acoustic output device of claim 1, further comprising a Helmholtz resonant cavity, the Helmholtz resonant cavity including a resonant cavity and at least one resonant cavity opening so as to reduce the first resonant peak of the air-conducted sound wave.

7. The acoustic output device of claim 6 , wherein the at least one resonant cavity mouth is located in a sidewall of the second cavity.

8. 7. The acoustic output device of claim 6, wherein the Helmholtz resonant cavity is in communication with both the first cavity and the second cavity, and an area of ​​the resonant cavity opening in communication with the first cavity is greater than or equal to an area of ​​the resonant cavity opening in communication with the second cavity.

9. The acoustic output device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the housing includes a skin contact area, the skin contact area is driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate bone-conducted sound waves, and when the acoustic output device is in a worn state, a first area of ​​the skin contact area is in contact with the user's skin and is driven by the energy conversion device to vibrate and generate the bone-conducted sound waves, and a second area of ​​the skin contact area is not in contact with the user's skin.

10. The acoustic output device of claim 9 , wherein an included angle between the second area and the user's skin is in the range of 0° to 45°.

11. 11. The acoustic output device of claim 9, further comprising a support assembly, the support assembly having one end connected to the housing and supporting the speaker assembly, the second region being farther from the support assembly than the first region.

12. 12. The acoustic output device of claim 1, further comprising a signal processing circuit that converts an audio signal into a drive signal for the energy conversion device, wherein a signal gain coefficient for a first frequency band of the audio signal of the signal processing circuit is greater than a signal gain coefficient for a second frequency band of the signal processing circuit, the second frequency band being higher than the first frequency band.

13. 13. The acoustic output device of claim 12, wherein the air-conducted sound wave output through the sound emission hole has a first resonant peak, and a peak resonant frequency of the first resonant peak is within the second frequency band or is higher than the second frequency band.

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