Insect-repellent light source and insect-repellent method

Abstract

To provide an insect-proofing light source and an insect-proofing method capable of suppressing the attraction of small flies and midges without reducing the attraction suppressing effect of white light or yellow light on noctuid moths. [Solution] An insect-control light source 1 includes an LED light source 2 that emits white light or yellow light toward an area to be controlled for insect control, and a far-red light source 3 that emits far-red light toward the area to be controlled for insect control. The insect-control method includes a step of emitting white light or yellow light toward the area to be controlled for insect control and emitting far-red light at the same time.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an insect-repellent light source and an insect-repellent method. [Background technology]

[0002] Insect-repellent light sources are widely used for reducing the use of pesticides on farms, organic cultivation, and sanitation management in warehouses and factories. Insect-repellent light sources have the effect of suppressing the attraction of insects by controlling the wavelength of the light they emit. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an insect-repellent method that combines yellow light, which is effective in suppressing the attraction of noctuid moths, with red light, which is difficult for insects to see, to generate approximately orange light, which simultaneously suppresses the attraction of insects and has a relaxation effect on humans. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-22448 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The yellow light used in the insect control method of Patent Document 1 attracts small flies and chironomids, which cause discomfort to humans and pose hygiene problems. In addition, the red light used in combination with the yellow light does not have the effect of suppressing the attraction of insects. For this reason, the insect control method of Patent Document 1 has the problem of being unable to suppress the attraction of small flies and chironomids. In addition, while not only yellow light but also white light has the effect of suppressing the attraction of noctuid moths, there is a problem in that they attract small flies and chironomids.

[0005] The present invention has been made against this background, and aims to provide an insect-repellent light source and an insect-repellent method that can suppress the attraction of small flies and midges without reducing the attraction suppression effect of white light and yellow light on noctuid moths. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the insect-repellent light source according to the present invention comprises: Street lighting or warehouse entrance lighting, An insect-repellent light source that suppresses the attraction of flying insects to an area to be repellent, A first light source that emits white light or yellow light toward the insect control target area, and a second light source that emits far-red light without emitting red light toward the insect control target area, The wavelength range of the far-red light is broadened to 700 nm to 800 nm. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an insect-repellent light source and an insect-repellent method that can suppress the attraction of small flies and midges without reducing the effect of white light or yellow light in suppressing the attraction of noctuid moths. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an insect-repellent light source according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement and configuration of a capturing device in the first embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 3] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 1. [Figure 4] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 2. [Diagram 5] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 3. [Figure 6] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 4. [Figure 7] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 5. [Figure 8] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 6. [Figure 9] 1 is a graph showing the number of captured moths, flies and other insects in Example 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, an insect-repelling light source and an insect-repelling method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0010] The insect-control light source according to the embodiment is a light source that, when emitting light, suppresses the attraction of flying insects to an insect-control target area. The insect-control target area is an area to which the attraction of flying insects is suppressed, and may be set in space or on a plane.

[0011] Flying insects that are the object of suppressing attraction include relatively large insects such as moths and flies, and relatively small insects such as small flies and chironomids. Small flies are, for example, moth flies and fungus gnats. Moths suck the juice from fruits such as peaches, grapes, and apples, and are known to cause agricultural damage. Flies, small flies, and chironomids breed in large numbers near water, causing discomfort to humans and may become mixed into food, causing hygiene problems. Chironomids may also cause allergies in humans due to their carcasses.

[0012] 1, the insect-control light source 1 includes an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source 2 that emits white light or yellow light toward an area to be controlled by insects, and a far-red light source 3 that emits far-red light toward the area to be controlled by insects. The insect-control method according to the embodiment includes a step of emitting white light or yellow light from the LED light source 2 toward the area to be controlled by insects, and emitting far-red light from the far-red light source 3 toward the area to be controlled by insects.

[0013] The LED light source 2 is an example of a first light source that emits white light or yellow light, and the far-red light source 3 is an example of a second light source that emits far-red light. The LED light source 2 and the far-red light source 3 may be disposed adjacent to each other or spaced apart from each other.

[0014] The LED light source 2 is, for example, a white LED lamp that emits white light or a yellow LED lamp that emits yellow light. The white LED lamp is suitable for street lighting or lighting at warehouse entrances, for example, and the yellow LED lamp is suitable for use as an insect repellent lamp for moths. Each LED lamp may be either a straight tube type LED lamp or a bulb type LED lamp.

[0015] White light is a mixture of all wavelengths of visible light, which gives humans no sense of color. Visible light is light with wavelengths that can be seen by the human eye, and is in the wavelength range of approximately 400nm to 700nm. Examples of white LED lamps include white LED lamps with a blue LED chip coated with yellow phosphor, white LED lamps that combine three LED chips of red, green, and blue, and white LED lamps with a blue LED chip coated with red and green phosphors.

[0016] Although each white LED lamp has a different light spectrum, they all contain light in the same wavelength range, so any white LED lamp can be used. However, considering acquisition costs, it is preferable to use a white LED lamp with a blue LED chip coated with yellow phosphor. This white LED lamp has a sharp peak near the 450nm wavelength and a gentle peak near the 570nm wavelength. The sharp peak near the 450nm wavelength comes from the blue LED chip, and the gentle peak near the 570nm wavelength comes from the yellow phosphor.

[0017] A yellow LED lamp is a light source that includes light with wavelengths of about 500 nm to 700 nm and has a gentle peak at a wavelength of about 600 nm. Yellow light is light with wavelengths of about 550 nm to 590 nm.

[0018] The far-red light source 3 is a light source that emits far-red light, and has a sharp peak at, for example, a wavelength of 760 nm. Unlike red light, which has a wavelength range of 650 nm to 670 nm, far-red light is light in a wavelength range of 700 nm to 800 nm that is difficult or almost invisible to the human eye. The far-red light source 3 is preferably an LED light source, and the LED light source may be either a straight tube type LED lamp or a bulb type LED lamp. The far-red light source 3 may also be a fluorescent lamp. As such a fluorescent lamp, for example, a fluorescent lamp in which a lithium aluminate phosphor is applied to the inside of a fluorescent tube may be used.

[0019] As a result of repeated experiments, the inventors found that by mixing the white light or yellow light emitted from the LED light source 2 with the far-red light emitted from the far-red light source 3, it is possible to suppress the attraction of small flies and midges without reducing the effect of the white light or yellow light in suppressing the attraction of moths and flies.

[0020] Although the details of the mechanism are unknown, it is thought that the activity of small flies and chironomids decreases due to some change in sensitivity as a result of far-red light acting on the compound eyes of small flies and chironomids that receive white or yellow light. To support this hypothesis, for example, an investigation into the relationship between the retinal potential of the compound eyes of stink bugs and tobacco moths and the wavelength of the irradiated light has revealed that there are insects whose compound eye retinal potential changes when exposed to light of around 700 nm.

[0021] It was also confirmed that the addition of far-red light does not reduce the inherent color rendering of white or yellow light. This is because far-red light is perceived as dimmer or cannot be detected by humans compared to red light. High color rendering means that the color of an object illuminated by lighting is close to the color of the object illuminated by natural light.

[0022] The insect-repellent effect obtained by the insect-repellent light source 1 is almost independent of the illuminance or light intensity (radiant flux density) of the light from the LED light source 2 and the far-red light source 3. To support this, an experiment in which yellow light was irradiated on noctuid moths reported that even in the darkest places, a sufficient insect-repellent effect was obtained if the illuminance was 1-2 lux or more, and that the insect-repellent effect remained almost unchanged even at an illuminance of 5-10 lux or more.

[0023] As described above, the insect-control light source 1 according to the embodiment includes the LED light source 2 that emits white light or yellow light toward the insect-control target area, and the far-red light source 3 that emits far-red light toward the insect-control target area. Therefore, the LED light source 2 can also obtain an attraction suppression effect against small flies and midges without reducing the attraction suppression effect against noctuid moths that it originally has.

[0024] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the following modifications are possible.

[0025] (Modification) In the above embodiment, the LED light source 2 and the far-red light source 3 are separate from each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the LED light source 2 and the far-red light source 3 may be housed in the same housing.

[0026] In the above embodiment, the LED light source 2 emits white light or yellow light, and the far-red light source 3 emits far-red light, but the present invention is not limited to this. White light or yellow light and far-red light may be mixed and then emitted outside the LED lamp. For example, LED chips emitting white light or yellow light and LED chips emitting far-red light may be arranged alternately in one LED lamp. In this case, the LED chips emitting white light or yellow light are an example of a first light source emitting white light or yellow light, and the LED chips emitting far-red light are an example of a second light source emitting far-red light.

[0027] In the above embodiment, the LED light source 2 is used as the first light source, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a white fluorescent lamp and a yellow fluorescent lamp may be used as the first light source. Since the white fluorescent lamp and the yellow fluorescent lamp contain light in a wavelength range that overlaps with the white LED lamp and the yellow LED lamp, respectively, a similar insect repellent effect can be obtained.

[0028] The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these, and various embodiments are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention described in the claims. The components described in the embodiments and modifications can be freely combined. In addition, inventions equivalent to the inventions described in the claims are also included in the present invention. EXAMPLES

[0029] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, although the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0030] Example 1 In Example 1, the insect attracting ability of a light source combining a far-red LED lamp and a white LED lamp (far-red LED lamp + white LED lamp) was compared with that of a white fluorescent lamp. In order to compare the insect attracting ability of both, insects were captured using separate trap plates and the number of insects captured was counted. Since the number of insects captured varies greatly depending on the weather on the day of the test and before and after, the day and night temperature, and humidity, the capture test was performed at the same place and at the same time so that the number of insects captured could be compared.

[0031] In this trapping test, two trap boards were prepared, each of which had three sticky sheets measuring 10 cm x 26 cm arranged on a board measuring 90 cm in length and 11 cm in width. A fixed platform was set up along the wall of the glasshouse shown in Figure 2 on the outside of the glasshouse, and one trap board was set on each fixed platform. The fixed platform was 120 cm in length, 9 cm in width, and about 90 cm in height, and the glasshouse was about 6.5 mm wide. The fixed platforms were placed about 3 m apart from each other, with the entrance to the glasshouse in between, to prevent mutual influence between the test and control areas. Outside the glasshouse, about 3 m away from each fixed platform, weeds about 1 m high were growing thickly.

[0032] Cool white fluorescent lamps (120 cm straight tube type, daylight white, 40 type) contain light with wavelengths of about 400 nm to about 700 nm, and have five sharp peaks at about 435 nm to 610 nm. When the cool white fluorescent lamp is turned on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is about 1100 lux, and the radiant flux density is about 3.8 W / m 2 It is.

[0033] The far-red LED lamp + white LED lamp is a two-lamp fixture consisting of a far-red LED lamp (120 cm straight tube type, 15 W) and a white LED lamp (120 cm, straight tube type, 15 W). The white LED lamp is a blue LED chip coated with yellow phosphor, and has a sharp peak around 450 nm and a gentle peak around 570 nm. When the white LED lamp is turned on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is approximately 3300 lux, and the radiant flux density is approximately 5.8 W / m 2 The far-red LED lamp has a sharp peak at around 760 nm. When the far-red LED lamp and the white LED lamp are on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is about 3,300 lux, and the radiant flux density is about 10.7 W / m 2 It is.

[0034] The white fluorescent lamps and far-red LED lamps + white LED lamps were placed inside the glass greenhouse to prevent them from getting wet in the rain, with one lamp on each side extending along the trap plate. Specifically, a small chain was wrapped around an iron beam that was installed inside the glass greenhouse and extended horizontally across the entrance, and fixtures with each light source were attached to this chain. The far-red LED lamps + white LED lamps were each set in their fixtures and placed parallel to each other in two tiers, one above the other. The distance between the white fluorescent lamps and the white LED lamps and the vicinity of the center of the trap plate was approximately 20 cm, and the distance between the far-red LED lamps and the vicinity of the center of the trap plate was approximately 25 cm.

[0035] The test period was a non-rainy night in August, with the light source on for six consecutive hours from 9 pm to 3 am. Each trap plate was left overnight, and then the individuals trapped on the sticky sheet were counted and classified into nocturnal moths, flies, and other insects. The majority of other insects were gnats and chironomids. Prior tests had confirmed that there was no difference in the number of insects captured between the trap plates installed on the left and right sides of the glasshouse, using the same light source set up on the left and right sides of the glasshouse.

[0036] As a result, as shown in Figure 3, the number of moths and flies captured with far-red LED lamps + white LED lamps was about half that of white fluorescent lamps. The number of small flies and midges captured was also lower with far-red LED lamps + white LED lamps than with white fluorescent lamps. Here, in the case of white LED lamps alone, without far-red LED lamps, the number of moths and flies captured was lower compared to white fluorescent lamps, but it has already been confirmed in a separate test that the number of small flies and midges captured was not reduced.

[0037] Example 2 In Example 2, the insect attracting ability of a combination of far-red LED lamps and white LED lamps was compared with that of white LED lamps. To compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of insects captured was counted. Each white LED lamp and far-red LED lamp were the same as those in Example 1. The distance between each white LED lamp and the center of the trap plate was approximately 20 cm and approximately 25 cm, respectively. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0038] As a result, the number of moths and flies captured was less with the far-red LED lamp + white LED lamp than with the white LED lamp, as shown in Figure 4. The number of small flies and midges captured was also less with the far-red LED lamp + white LED lamp than with the white LED lamp.

[0039] Example 3 In Example 3, the insect attracting ability was compared between a light source combining a red LED lamp and a white LED lamp (red LED lamp + white LED lamp) and a white LED lamp. To compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of captured insects was counted.

[0040] The red LED lamp + white LED lamp is a two-lamp fixture consisting of a red LED lamp (120 cm straight tube type, 18 W) and the same white LED lamp as in Example 1. The red LED lamp has a sharp peak at around 660 nm. When the red LED lamp + white LED lamp are turned on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is about 3500 lux, and the radiant flux density is about 12.2 W / m 2 The distance between the white LED lamp and the center of the trap plate was about 20 cm, and the distance between the red LED lamp and the center of the trap plate was about 25 cm. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0041] As a result, as shown in Figure 5, the number of night moths caught was greater with the red LED lamp + white LED lamp than with the white LED lamp. The number of small flies and midges caught was also greater with the red LED lamp + white LED lamp than with the white LED lamp.

[0042] Example 4 In Example 4, the insect attracting ability of a light source combining a yellow LED lamp and a white LED lamp (yellow LED lamp + white LED lamp) was compared with that of a white LED lamp. To compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of insects captured was counted.

[0043] The yellow LED lamp + white LED lamp is a two-lamp fixture consisting of a yellow LED lamp (120 cm straight tube type, 17 W) and a white LED lamp identical to that in Example 1. The yellow LED lamp is a light source that includes light in the vicinity of 500 nm to 700 nm and has a gentle peak in the vicinity of 600 nm. When the yellow LED lamp + white LED lamp are turned on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is approximately 4400 lux, and the radiant flux density is approximately 8.7 W / m 2 The distance between the white LED lamp and the center of the trap plate was about 20 cm, and the distance between the yellow LED lamp and the center of the trap plate was about 25 cm. The other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0044] As a result, as shown in Figure 6, the number of moths and flies caught was almost the same with the yellow LED lamp + white LED lamp and the white LED lamp. On the other hand, the number of small flies and midges caught was greater with the yellow LED lamp + white LED lamp than with the white LED lamp.

[0045] Example 5 In Example 5, the insect attracting ability was compared between a light source combining a yellow LED lamp and a far-red LED lamp (yellow LED lamp + far-red LED lamp) and a white fluorescent lamp. In order to compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of captured insects was counted.

[0046] The yellow LED lamp + far-red LED lamp is a two-lamp fixture consisting of the same far-red LED lamp as in Example 1 and the same yellow LED lamp as in Example 4. When the yellow LED lamp + far-red LED lamp are turned on, the illuminance near the center of the trap plate is about 1300 lux, and the radiant flux density is about 6.7 W / m 2The distances between the white fluorescent lamp, the yellow LED lamp, and the far-red LED lamp and the center of the trap plate were about 20 cm, about 20 cm, and about 25 cm, respectively. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0047] As a result, as shown in Figure 7, the number of moths and flies captured was lower with the yellow LED lamp + far-red LED lamp than with the white fluorescent lamp. The number of small flies and midges captured was also lower with the yellow LED lamp + far-red LED lamp than with the white fluorescent lamp. Here, it has been confirmed in a separate test that when only the yellow LED lamp is used without the far-red LED lamp, the number of moths and flies captured is lower compared to the white fluorescent lamp, but the number of small flies and midges captured is not reduced.

[0048] Example 6 In Example 6, the insect attracting ability of a combination of a yellow LED lamp and a far-red LED lamp was compared with that of a yellow LED lamp. To compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of insects captured was counted. The yellow LED lamp was the same as that in Example 4, and the yellow LED lamp and far-red LED lamp were the same as that in Example 5. The illuminance near the center of the trap plate when the yellow LED lamp and far-red LED lamp were turned on was approximately 1300 lux, and the radiant flux density was approximately 6.7 W / m 2 The distance between each of the yellow LED lamps and the center of the trap plate was about 20 cm, and the distance between each of the far-red LED lamps and the center of the trap plate was about 25 cm. The other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] As a result, as shown in Figure 8, the number of moths and flies caught was less with the yellow LED light + far-red LED light than with the yellow LED light. The number of small flies and midges caught was also less with the yellow LED light + far-red LED light than with the yellow LED light.

[0050] Example 7 In Example 7, the insect attracting ability of a combination of a yellow LED lamp and a far-red LED lamp was compared with that of a yellow LED lamp. To compare the insect attracting ability, insects were captured using a trap plate in the same manner as in Example 1, and the number of insects captured was counted. The yellow LED lamp was the same as that in Example 4. The yellow LED lamp and far-red LED lamp were the same as that in Example 5, except that the light intensity (radiant flux density) of the far-red light was half. The illuminance near the center of the trap plate when the yellow LED lamp and far-red LED lamp were turned on was approximately 1300 lux, and the radiant flux density was approximately 5.5 W / m 2 The other conditions were the same as those in Example 1. Hereinafter, the light source with half the light intensity (radiant flux density) of far-red light is referred to as "yellow LED lamp + 1 / 2 far-red LED lamp."

[0051] As a result, as shown in Figure 9, the number of captured moths and flies was less with the yellow LED lamp + 1 / 2 far-red LED lamp, which has half the light intensity of the far-red LED lamp in Example 6. Similarly, the number of captured gnats and midges was less with the yellow LED lamp + 1 / 2 far-red LED lamp than with the yellow LED lamp. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1 Insect control light source 2 LED light source 3 Far-red light source

Claims

1. An insect-repellent light source that is a street light or a light at the entrance to a warehouse and that suppresses the attraction of flying insects to an area to be controlled, A first light source that emits white light or yellow light toward the insect control target area, and a second light source that emits far-red light without emitting red light toward the insect control target area, The wavelength range of the far-red light is in the range of 700 nm to 800 nm. Insect-proof light source.

2. The wavelength range of the far-red light has a sharp peak around 760 nm. The insect repellent light source according to claim 1 .

3. The first light source is a white LED lamp that emits white light or a yellow LED lamp that emits yellow light.

3. The insect-repellent light source according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The insects that are suppressed from being attracted to the insect-control target area by the insect-control light source include moths, flies, small gnats, and midges.

3. The insect-repellent light source according to claim 1 or 2.

5. An insect control method for suppressing the attraction of flying insects to an area to be controlled by an insect control light source, which is a street light or a light at the entrance to a warehouse, comprising: The method includes a step of emitting white light or yellow light from the insect-control light source toward the insect-control target area and emitting far-red light without emitting red light, The wavelength range of the far-red light is in the range of 700 nm to 800 nm. Insect control methods.

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