Antenna Device

Abstract

To provide means for reliably radiating radio waves in a wide range of directions with a simple structure.SOLUTION: An antenna device includes: a transmission circuit; a cover for protecting the transmission circuit; and an antenna provided on the cover and connected to the transmission circuit. The antenna is disposed on at least one or more places of the outer surface, inner surface, and inside of the cover.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an antenna device. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, a wide variety of components are used in a variety of situations, including buildings that form spaces such as buildings, houses, and halls, structures such as bridges, steel towers, and dams (hereafter referred to as structures), various means of transportation including automobiles, bicycles, railways, rolling stock, and tracks, machinery and equipment, electrical equipment, power generation facilities, chemical plants, etc. (hereafter referred to as structures.) In addition, a wide variety of materials are used for these structures, including iron, resin, rubber, stone, concrete, wood, ceramics, and glass.

[0003] For example, when it comes to structures alone, there are a variety of things related to social infrastructure, such as houses, apartment buildings, school buildings, train stations, airport terminals, hospitals, city and municipal offices, bridges, tunnels, etc. The shape of these structures is maintained by various structural materials such as pillars, beams, floors, ceilings, bolts, nuts, reinforced concrete, etc. In addition to structural materials, various parts and equipment such as window glass and doors are used, and they are constructed into a variety of shapes and structures using a variety of materials.

[0004] Structural materials are intended to be used for a long period of time, but deterioration is inevitable due to exposure to external forces such as thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, deterioration over time, and shocks from earthquakes, etc. If deterioration is left unchecked, there is a risk of disasters that could result in loss of life.

[0005] For this reason, a building health monitoring device is known that measures acceleration to determine the health of a building (for example, Patent Document 1).The building health monitoring device detects the seismic intensity of an earthquake and the acceleration of vibrations applied to the building from the ground due to an earthquake using a sensor placed on the observation layer of the building, calculates the required shear force coefficient corresponding to the natural period of the building based on the response information obtained by the sensor, determines the health of the building, and transmits information indicating the determination result to a user's terminal.

[0006] Also, there is known an axial force monitoring system that tightens an axial force detection bolt on an automobile, train, aircraft, etc., and measures the axial force applied to the bolt by tightening (for example, Patent Document 2). This axial force detection bolt has a built-in load cell, and the axial force detected by the load cell is stored in an IC tag. Also, the IC tag reader / writer of the receiving unit, which is separate from the IC tag of the axial force detection bolt, transmits and receives data using a method used for short-distance communication such as RFID tags.

[0007] Also, among detection devices that detect the state of various fluids such as machine lubricants and working fluids, there is known one that wirelessly outputs the state of the fluid detected by a detection unit to the outside (for example, Patent Document 3). This detection device has a bolt-shaped main body that is screwed and fixed to the target member, and an oscillator that outputs the detection result is located on the head side of the main body and is surrounded by an insulating part. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-75583 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2010-117310 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2020-65172 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] However, when transmitting wirelessly, the environment around the antenna is limited because it is not possible to place anything around the antenna or on the extension of the direction of radio wave radiation that would block the radio waves. Also, if the antenna is placed in a depression such as a recess, there is a problem that the radio waves are blocked by the inner peripheral surface of the recess and it is not possible to radiate radio waves over a wide range.

[0010] The present invention was made by the inventors through extensive research in view of the above problems, and has an object to provide a means for radiating radio waves over a wide range. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The present invention In one aspect The antenna device includes a transmission circuit, a cover that protects the transmission circuit, and a Multiple an antenna; Multiple The antenna is disposed on at least one of the outer surface, the inner surface, and the interior of the cover. Crab Distributed The plurality of antennas are arranged with a half-width interval between adjacent antennas. It is characterized by the above. An antenna device according to another aspect of the present invention comprises a transmitting circuit, a cover for protecting the transmitting circuit, an antenna disposed on an outer surface of the cover and connected to the transmitting circuit, and a dielectric protective layer for covering the outside of the antenna.

[0012] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention comprises: Each of the antennas is disposed on the outer surface of the cover; The cover is conductive, and an insulator is interposed between the cover and the antenna.

[0013] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that an insulating layer is formed between the cover and the antenna.

[0014] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that an insulator is disposed between the cover and the antenna.

[0015] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the cover is made of a dielectric material, and the antenna is disposed directly on the cover.

[0016] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention comprises: before The antennas are each connected to the transmitting circuit.

[0017] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention comprises: Multiple A specific antenna among the plurality of antennas is connected to the transmission circuit, and the antennas are connected to each other.

[0019] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of antenna devices are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cover.

[0020] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that one or more antennas are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cover.

[0021] The antenna device of the present invention further comprises a light receiving element surrounded by the cover, the cover being light-transmitting.

[0022] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the light receiving element is an optical lens and / or an imaging element.

[0023] In the antenna device of the present invention, the cover is made of either glass or a polymer compound.

[0024] Moreover, the antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the glass contains one or more of soda glass, quartz, sapphire, ruby, tempered glass, and lead glass.

[0025] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the polymer compound contains one or more of fluorine, polyester, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutyl terephthalate, acrylic, polyether, vinyl, urethane, polyamide, and epoxy.

[0026] In addition, the antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the antenna is formed of one or more of TiO, TiN, ITO, FTO, graphene, tin oxide, zinc oxide, and indium tin oxide.

[0027] In the antenna device of the present invention, the cover has a closed cross-sectional structure including a closed space, and the closed space surrounds the transmission circuit.

[0028] The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that the cover has one or more of a substantially spherical shape, a substantially dome shape, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially cone shape, a substantially cup shape, a convex lens shape, a concave lens shape, and a Fresnel lens shape surrounding the transmission circuit. The antenna device of the present invention is characterized in that it further comprises a cable connecting the transmitting circuit and the antenna, and a hole through which the cable passes is formed in the cover. In the antenna device of the present invention, the transmission circuit and the antenna are wirelessly connected, and the cover is formed to be able to transmit radio waves. Effect of the Invention

[0029] According to the present invention, radio waves can be emitted over a wide range with a simple structure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a connection between a transmission circuit and an antenna. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing radiation of radio waves from an antenna 6. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of an antenna 6. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of an antenna 6. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna device including an imaging unit. [Figure 7] 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating examples of the shape of a cover. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 shows a solid cover. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a physical change detection device. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of installation of a physical change detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Hereinafter, an embodiment of an antenna device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an antenna device 1 of this embodiment. The antenna device 1 includes a transmission circuit 2 that generates a high-frequency transmission signal such as a millimeter wave or microwave based on the calculation result of a calculation circuit, a cover 4 that is spaced apart from the transmission circuit 2 and surrounds the transmission circuit 2 to protect it, and an antenna 6 that is provided on the surface of the cover 4 and is connected to the transmission circuit 2 to radiate the high-frequency transmission signal as an electromagnetic wave. Here, an XYZ Cartesian coordinate system is set, which is made up of an X-axis and a Y-axis that form a horizontal plane, and a Z-axis that is parallel to the vertical direction and perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis. The antenna device 1 is assumed to be installed on the XY plane.

[0032] Any wireless communication may be applied to the wireless communication by the antenna device 1. Therefore, the wireless communication may be short-distance wireless communication such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark), or long-distance wireless communication using an Internet line such as a wireless LAN, a wide area network (WAN), ISDNs (Integrated Service Digital Networks), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced, CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), a fifth generation mobile communication system (5G), or LPWA (LAW Power Wide Area).

[0033] The cover 4 has, for example, a closed cross-sectional structure including a closed space in order to isolate the transmission circuit 2 from the outside, and the closed space surrounds the transmission circuit 2. Specifically, the cover 4 has a substantially dome shape. In addition, the cover 4 may be made of either a conductor or a dielectric material. When the cover 4 is made of a dielectric material such as quartz, ceramics, sapphire, silicone, fluororesin, glass epoxy resin, liquid crystal polymer, polyimide resin, cycloolefin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polyamide resin (polyamide 11 resin, polyamide 12 resin), etc., the antenna 6 can be disposed directly on the cover 4. When the cover 4 is made of a conductor such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, brass, graphite, etc., it is necessary to interpose an insulating part between the antenna 6 and the cover 4. Interposing an insulating part between the antenna 6 and the cover 4 can be achieved by forming an insulating layer or providing an insulator (such as a so-called antenna substrate).

[0034] The insulating layer may be formed by, for example, lamination printing, pad printing, painting, plating, inkjet printing, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), or the like. Alternatively, for example, a method may be used in which an insulating material is coated by sputtering with a predetermined mask in place, a silica material is applied and dried or heated, or a layer is formed by an organic insulating material such as a polyimide-based, epoxy-based, urethane-based, silicone-based, or fluorine-based material. The insulating layer may also be formed by subjecting the surface of the cover 4 to an oxidation treatment to form an oxide film. If the material of the cover 4 is aluminum, the insulating layer may also be formed by anodizing.

[0035] The insulator can be made of a material in which a base material is impregnated with resin, or can be made by laminating base materials. Of course, the base material itself can be used as the antenna substrate. Therefore, the base material can be a paper base material, a glass cloth base material, a composite base material of glass cloth and glass nonwoven fabric, alumina (ceramic), glass ceramic, a polyimide film, a PET film, etc. The resin may be a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, a bismaleimide-triazine resin, a fluororesin, a polyphenylene oxide resin, etc. The insulator may be an aluminum base covered with a resin, such as an aluminum substrate.

[0036] The antenna 6 may be an antenna arranged on the outside of the cover 4 and formed of wire, sheet metal, etc., or may be an antenna pattern formed by printing using conductive paste (silver paste, etc.) or plating, a chip antenna, etc. The antenna 6 has directionality, and the number and arrangement positions of the antennas 6 arranged on the cover 4 are set so that the entirety of the multiple antennas 6 arranged on the cover 4 radiates radio waves in all directions around 360° within the XY plane of the cover 4.

[0037] For example, when the half-width of the antenna directivity is approximately 90°, by arranging four antennas 6 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the cover 4 as shown in Fig. 3, it is possible to radiate radio waves in an approximately 360° range within the XY plane centered on the antenna device 1. It goes without saying that when using antennas 6 with a half-width of approximately 90°, four or more antennas 6 may be arranged.

[0038] Furthermore, when antennas with small half-widths are arranged, the directivity of each becomes sharp, so radio waves are radiated in approximately 360° in the XY plane by increasing the number of antennas 6. When antennas with large half-widths are arranged, the directivity of each becomes weak, so if radio waves radiated from adjacent antennas 6 interfere with each other, the number of antennas 6 may be reduced. Of course, the directivity (half-width) may differ for each antenna, in which case the interval between adjacent antennas 6 is set appropriately according to the directivity of the antennas. That is, for an antenna 6 with a small half-width, another antenna 6 is placed with a narrower interval, and for an antenna 6 with a large half-width, another antenna 6 is placed with a larger interval.

[0039] The transmission circuit 2 and the antenna 6 are connected by wire such as a cable. Therefore, a hole for passing the cable is formed in the cover 4. The transmission circuit 2 and the antenna 6 may be connected to each of the multiple antennas 6 to the transmission circuit 2 as shown in Fig. 2(a), or may be connected in series to one of the multiple antennas 6 and connected to the transmission circuit 2 as shown in Fig. 2(b). Of course, two or more of the multiple antennas 6 may be connected to the transmission circuit 2, and another antenna 6 not connected to the transmission circuit 2 may be connected to the antenna 6.

[0040] As described above, by arranging multiple antennas 6 on the outer peripheral surface of the cover 4, the antennas 6 as a whole can radiate radio waves in an omnidirectional manner, and since each of the antennas 6 connected to the transmission circuit 2 radiates directional radio waves, the strength of the radio waves can be increased and the propagation distance can be extended. In other words, the antenna device 1 can radiate radio waves over the entire area around the cover 4 and over a wide range at long distances.

[0041] The antenna 6 may be a series of loop antennas along the circumferential direction parallel to the XY plane of the cover 4. When the antenna 6 is disposed on the outside of the cover 4, the outside of the antenna 6 may be covered with a thin film or the like made of a dielectric material as a protective layer for the antenna 6. This protective part such as a thin film is preferably made of a ferroelectric material described later so as not to block radio waves from the antenna 6.

[0042] Also, the above-mentioned antenna 6 has been described as being disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cover 4, but is not limited thereto, and may be disposed on the inner peripheral surface (inner surface) of the cover 4 as shown in Fig. 4(a), or may be embedded inside the cover 4 by, for example, insert molding as shown in Fig. 4(b). However, when the antenna 6 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cover 4 or inside the cover 4, it is necessary that the radio waves radiated from the antenna 6 pass through the cover 4. Therefore, in order to improve radio wave transmittance, it is preferable that the cover 4 is formed from a ferroelectric material, or a material in which a ferroelectric material is contained in a resin, or the like.

[0043] The ferroelectric cover 4 is made of a ferroelectric material such as lead zirconate titanate. Lanthanum, calcium, strontium, etc. may be added to the lead zirconate titanate. The ferroelectric cover 4 may be made of materials other than lead zirconate titanate, such as barium titanate, sodium nitrite, strontium bismuth tantalate, strontium bismuth tantalate niobate, bismuth titanate, bismuth lanthanum titanate, barium strontium titanate, bismuth ferrite, etc.

[0044] Furthermore, the shape and range of the insulating layer formed on the cover 4 can be set as appropriate as long as it is formed at least on the boundary between the antenna 6 and the cover 4. For example, it may be formed on the entire cover 4, or it may be formed only on the area where the antenna 6 is disposed. In particular, when the antenna 6 is made of wire or sheet metal, or has an antenna pattern, the insulating layer may be formed along the shape of the antenna 6, or the insulating layer may be formed in an area including the area where the antenna 6 is disposed and its periphery. Of course, the insulator may have a shape that follows the shape of the antenna 6, like the insulating layer, and the insulator may be disposed in an area including the area where the antenna 6 is disposed and its periphery.

[0045] Although the antenna 6 has been described as being disposed along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cover 4, it may be disposed in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction. That is, the antenna 6 may be disposed at the top position of the cover 4 spaced apart in the Z direction from the transmission circuit 2 as shown in Fig. 5(a), or multiple antennas 6 may be disposed so as to be spaced apart in the Z direction as shown in Fig. 5(b).

[0046] Also, although the transmitter circuit 2 and the antenna 6 have been described as being connected by wire, they may be connected wirelessly, for example, by electromagnetic field coupling. In this case, the antenna 6 includes a transmission coil. That is, when the transmitter circuit 2 is energized, an induced current may be generated in the transmission coil of the antenna 6, so that the antenna 6 can be operated. Furthermore, an amplifier circuit (not shown) may be connected to the antenna 6 to amplify and output the radio waves generated in the transmission coil, thereby making it possible to extend the propagation distance of the radio waves.

[0047] The antenna device 1 may also be configured to include an imaging unit (camera) and capture images of the surroundings. The imaging unit includes an optical system including a fisheye lens or an ultra-wide-angle lens, a zoom lens, and a focus lens as a light receiving element, and an imaging element such as a CCD or CMOS that generates an imaging signal based on subject light incident on an imaging surface. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the antenna device 1 including the imaging unit 10. The imaging unit 10 is disposed in the center of the cover 4, surrounded by the cover 4. The imaging unit 10 also directs the optical axis of the optical system parallel to the Y axis. Of course, the optical system may have an optical axis parallel to the X axis or parallel to the Z axis.

[0048] When the imaging unit 10 is included, the cover 4 is desirably formed of a light-transmitting glass or polymer compound. The glass may include one or more of soda glass, quartz, sapphire, ruby, reinforced glass, and lead glass. The polymer compound may include one or more of fluorine, polyester, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutyl terephthalate, acrylic, polyether, vinyl, urethane, polyamide, and epoxy.

[0049] Furthermore, in the case where the imaging unit 10 is included, it is desirable that the antenna 6 be a so-called transparent antenna so as not to block the light incident on the imaging unit 10, and it may be formed of, for example, one or more of TiO, TiN, ITO, FTO, graphene, tin oxide, zinc oxide, and indium tin oxide.

[0050] Furthermore, the imaging unit 10 is not limited to being composed of one set of optical systems and imaging elements, but may be composed of multiple sets of optical systems and imaging elements. Therefore, by orienting the optical axes of the optical systems 10a to 10c in different directions as shown in Fig. 6(b), it is possible to capture an image of a wide range around the antenna device 1. In addition, when the imaging unit 10 is provided, as shown in FIG. 6(c), the cover 4 may be shaped like a lens, and the imaging unit 10 may be disposed at the focal position of the lens formed by the cover 4. That is, if an imaging element as the imaging unit 10 is disposed at the focal position of the convex lens-like cover 4, the cover 4 can function as a lens, and the configuration of the imaging unit 10 can be simplified. Also, as shown in FIG. 6(d), the cover 4 may be substantially solid so as to cover the imaging unit 10 and the transmission circuit 2. The lens shape applied to the cover 4 is not particularly limited, and may be a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, or the like, as appropriate.

[0051] Moreover, the translucent cover 4 may have a half-mirror-like function. That is, by reflecting a part of the incident light from the outside, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of so-called halation, which makes the image captured by the imaging unit 10 unclear. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of detection of the detection target based on the captured image. It is also possible to make it difficult to visually recognize the inside of the cover 4 from the outside. By reflecting a part of the incident light from the outside, it is possible to suppress the photodegradation of all materials, such as resin materials and metals, present inside the cover 4. Furthermore, the cover 4 or the imaging unit 10 may be provided with a filter (for example, an infrared transmission filter, an ultraviolet transmission filter, etc.) that selectively transmits or blocks light of a specific wavelength.

[0052] The cover 4 may have a closed space surrounding the transmission circuit 2, and may be hollow or solid, and may have any suitable shape. Therefore, the cover 4 may have a substantially dome shape such as a hemispherical shape, a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 7(a), a substantially conical shape as shown in FIG. 7(b), a substantially cup shape as shown in FIG. 7(c), or a substantially truncated cone shape as shown in FIG. 7(d). Of course, it goes without saying that the cover 4 may have a rectangular tube shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a polygonal pyramid truncated pyramid shape, or the like. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the antenna device 1 may be configured by embedding the transmission circuit 2 inside the cover 4. That is, the antenna device 1 may be configured by integrating the transmission circuit 2 and the cover 4 by insert molding or the like.

[0053] Next, a physical change detection device to which the antenna device 1 of the present invention is applied will be described. The physical change detection device detects information relating to a physical change by a sensor formed directly or indirectly on a measurement target such as a structure or a component of the structure, and transmits the information relating to the physical change to the outside. 9 is a block diagram showing physical change detection device 100. Physical change detection device 100 has a CPU 102 that performs overall control of each unit. Memory 104, detection circuit 106, communication circuit (transmission circuit) 108, power supply circuit 110, etc. are connected to CPU 102. Memory 104 stores control programs executed by CPU 102 and also stores processing results, etc. Detection circuit 106 is connected to strain detection sensor 112 formed directly on the object to be measured, and detects strain as information related to physical changes occurring in the object to be measured.

[0054] The communication circuit 108 is connected to the antenna 6, outputs a high-frequency transmission signal to the antenna 6, and receives a high-frequency reception signal from the antenna 6. That is, the communication circuit 108 has the function of the transmission circuit 4 described above, and also has a function for receiving a high-frequency reception signal. The power supply circuit 110 is connected to a power source (not shown) such as a battery or a generator, and supplies power to each component of the physical change detection device 100. The power supply circuit 110 may be connected to a transmission coil to receive wireless power from an external transmitter.

[0055] The strain detection sensor 112 is equipped with a sensor structure portion having a strain gauge-like conductive pattern made of a conductive material and extending back and forth multiple times in a predetermined direction. The strain detection sensor 112 is used as a sensor that detects physical changes by detecting changes in electrical characteristics (voltage or resistance value) accompanying deformation such as expansion, contraction, bending, etc. of the conductive material.

[0056] In addition, the detection circuit 106 may be connected to other sensors such as a gyro sensor, a temperature sensor, etc. In this case, the information regarding the physical change is the amount of change in attitude when the attitude (tilt, direction) at the initial installation is used as a reference for the gyro sensor, and may be absolute temperature or the amount of change in temperature when the temperature at the initial installation is used as a reference for the temperature sensor.

[0057] Furthermore, by using the strain detection sensor 112 in combination with a temperature sensor, it is possible to eliminate the influence of temperature-induced strain among the strains caused by the strain detection sensor 112. That is, by performing a correction process based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor for the strains caused by the strain detection sensor 112, it is possible to acquire strain information from which the influence of temperature has been eliminated. Note that the correction process can be appropriately set to be performed by the detection circuit 106 through circuit correction or by the CPU 102 through arithmetic processing, for example. In addition to the above sensors, the detection circuit 106 may also have, for example, an acceleration sensor, a pressure sensor, an odor sensor, a specific particle sensor, a radiation sensor, a wetness sensor, a position sensor (GPS), a human sensor, and the like.

[0058] Next, an example of forming the strain detection sensor 112 directly on the measurement object will be described. When the base material of the measurement object has electrical conductivity, first, an electrical insulating layer is formed on the surface of the measurement object, and then a conductive layer forming the pattern of the strain detection sensor 112 is formed on the electrical insulating layer using a material with good electrical conductivity such as a conductive material.

[0059] The electrical insulating layer can be formed by, for example, lamination printing, pad printing, painting, plating, inkjet printing, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), etc. Alternatively, for example, a method of forming a coating of an insulating material by sputtering with a predetermined mask in place, applying a silica material and then heating it, performing a chemical conversion treatment, forming a layer of an organic insulating material such as a polyimide-based, epoxy-based, urethane-based, silicone-based, or fluorine-based material, etc. may be used.

[0060] In addition, when the base material of the object to be measured has electrical conductivity, the surface of the base material may be subjected to an oxidation treatment to form an oxide film as an electrical insulating layer. When the base material is an aluminum-based material, the electrical insulating layer may be provided by anodizing. Of course, the electrical insulating layer is not limited to those formed by these methods. When the base material of the object to be measured has electrical insulation properties, a conductive layer may be formed directly on the base material without forming an electrical insulation layer.

[0061] The conductive layer is formed directly on the electrical insulating layer or the electrically insulating base material by lamination printing using a conductive paste, pad printing, painting, plating, inkjet printing, sputtering, CVD, PVD, or the like. The conductive layer may be masked to match the shape of the strain detection sensor 112 and etched to set the shape of the wiring. By forming the conductive layer directly on the electrical insulating layer in this way, the conductive layer is prevented from peeling off over a long period of time.

[0062] Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of installation of the physical change detection device 100, which is installed so as to be fixed to a measurement object such as a long body shown in Fig. 10(a) or a plate-like body shown in Fig. 10(b). The strain detection sensor 112 is formed directly on the surface of the measurement object. In addition, the control board 100a of the physical change detection device 100 is installed on the measurement object, and a cover 4 is installed on the measurement object so as to surround the control board 100a.

[0063] In this way, when the physical change detection device 100 is installed on the object to be measured, information regarding the physical change output from the detection circuit 106 connected to the strain detection sensor 112 is transmitted to the outside by the communication circuit 108, and at this time radio waves are emitted via each antenna 6 provided on the outer periphery of the cover 4 installed on the object to be measured, so that radio waves can be emitted over a wide range from the entire antenna 6.

[0064] Although the above description has been given assuming that multiple antennas 6 are arranged to achieve omnidirectionality overall, the antennas 6 may be arranged so that the radio wave emission areas of adjacent antennas 6 partially overlap. However, it is preferable to position the antennas such that the radio waves reinforce each other when they interfere with each other.

[0065] Furthermore, the structure on which the antenna device 1 can be mounted is not particularly limited, and may include various objects (vehicles, buildings, etc.), devices (home appliances, etc.), and machines (agricultural machines, construction machines, machine tools, etc.). For example, vehicles include manned or unmanned vehicles, and land vehicles include multi-wheeled vehicles and non-wheeled vehicles. Multi-wheeled vehicles with four or more wheels include trucks, buses, fire engines, ladder trucks, pump trucks, trailers, tank trucks, mixer trucks, crane trucks, road sweepers, vacuum trucks, towing vehicles, snowplows, trains, monorails, bullet trains, trams, locomotives, cable cars, armored vehicles, tanks, etc.; four-wheeled vehicles include automobiles, police cars, ambulances, campers, etc.; three-wheeled vehicles include tricycles and motor tricycles; two-wheeled vehicles include motorcycles, scooters, bicycles, electrically assisted bicycles, wheelchairs, baby strollers, rickshaws, etc.; and one-wheeled vehicles include unicycles. Wheelless vehicles include linear motor cars, hovercrafts, elevators, escalators, lifts, gondolas, ropeways, Ferris wheels, merry-go-rounds, swings, see-saws, etc. Other wheeled vehicles include wheel loaders, tire rollers, road rollers, graders, asphalt finishers, motor sweepers, dump trucks, wheel cranes, forklifts, straddle carriers, turret-type yard transporters, agricultural tractors, agricultural chemical applicators, harvesting and threshing vehicles, rice transplanters, combines, excavators, backhoes, loading shovels, snowmobiles, roller skates, roller shoes, skateboards, kick scooters, skis, snowboards, skate shoes, etc. Air vehicles or moving bodies include light aircraft such as balloons and airships, and heavy aircraft such as airplanes, rotorcraft, gliders, helicopters, drones, rockets, and vertical take-off and landing aircraft, whether manned or unmanned. Marine vehicles include ships, boats, yachts, passenger ships, passenger liners, cargo ships, freighters, tankers, fishing boats, warships, submarines, and the like.Furthermore, parts used in vehicles include monocoques, body shells, bonnets, doors, tailgates, front fenders, radiator grilles, bumpers, meters, heaters, windshield glass, door window glasses, engines, radiators, mufflers, brake pedals, accelerator pedals, clutch pedals, seats, exhaust pipes, tail lights, head lights, wheels, tires, tracks, propellers, tanks, cylinders, pistons, actuators, dampers, linear guides, bearings, chassis, shafts, etc.

[0066] Structures include buildings and civil engineering structures (structures). Buildings include residences, commercial facilities, public facilities, cultural facilities, educational facilities, medical facilities, entertainment facilities, transportation facilities, industrial facilities, religious facilities, military facilities, and plant facilities. Buildings further include detached houses, row houses (terrace houses), apartment buildings, condominiums, shared houses, office buildings, churches, monasteries, temples, shrines, castles, palaces, imperial palaces, gardens, parks, hospitals, clinics, stations, station buildings, airports, government accommodation, government office buildings, police stations, fire stations, police boxes, stadiums, baseball fields, sports fields, swimming pools, schools, gymnasiums, theaters, movie theaters, performance halls, performance halls, viewing areas, public halls, assembly halls, hotels, inns, factories, warehouses, logistics warehouses, logistics centers, boarding houses, dormitories, child welfare facilities, midwifery clinics, rehabilitation support facilities for the physically disabled, and psychiatric facilities. Includes social rehabilitation facilities for the mentally disabled, protection facilities, women's protection facilities, support facilities for the intellectually disabled, welfare facilities for the elderly, paid nursing homes, special nursing homes for the elderly, day service centers, maternal and child health facilities, movie theaters, museums, art galleries, libraries, public toilets, sports practice fields, bowling alleys, ski resorts, department stores, supermarkets, general stores, exhibition centers, cabarets, cafes, nightclubs, bars, dance halls, amusement parks, public baths, waiting rooms, restaurants, eating and drinking establishments, shops, garages, auto repair shops, film studios, TV studios, etc.

[0067] Civil engineering structures (structures) include bridges, metal structures, railways, roads, ports, coasts, rivers, power generation facilities and equipment, dams, tunnels, land improvement structures, disaster prevention structures, and agricultural civil engineering structures. Bridges include girder bridges, cable-stayed bridges, truss bridges, arch bridges, rigid frame bridges, and suspension bridges. Metal structures include tower structures, storage structures, sluice gates and locks, penstocks, composite structures, water supply systems, sewage systems, and various pipelines including those for distribution of gas and oil, etc. Railways include tracks, track structures, roadbeds, railway stations, signaling, security, and communication facilities, high-speed railways, special railways, cableways, and urban railways. Roads include roadbeds and roadbeds, pavements, asphalt pavements, concrete pavements, gravel roads, and dust-prevention roads, etc. Ports include anchorages, breakwaters, and revetments. , jetties, quays, quays, piers, sheds, loading and unloading facilities and land facilities, ship-vehicle connecting facilities, fishing ports, navigational signs, etc.; coasts include coastal structures; rivers include levees and revetments, erosion control, river structures, and canals; power generation facilities and equipment include water intake facilities, reservoirs, detention ponds, nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants, tidal power generation, geothermal power generation, wave power generation, and wind power generation; dams include gravity dams, fill-type dams, and arch dams; tunnels include tunnel structures; and land improvement structures include land development, reclamation, dredging, irrigation, drainage, land reclamation, and soil adding.

[0068] Furthermore, materials used in buildings include natural stone, artificial stone, stone including crushed stone, wood, pre-cut lumber, solid wood, machine grade lumber, visual grade lumber, ungraded lumber, Class A structural materials, Class B structural materials, laminated lumber, engineered wood, structural laminated lumber, plywood, wood products, resin products, metal products, steel materials, steel plates, steel frames, organic materials, coating materials, waterproofing materials, cement paste, mortar, concrete, tiles, porcelain tiles, stoneware tiles, ceramic tiles, tatami mats, lightweight aerated concrete, plywood, waterproof plywood, gypsum boards, fireproof boards, calcium silicate boards, heat insulating materials, glass wool, rock wool, rigid urethane foam, styrofoam, phenolic foam, polystyrene foam, cellulose fiber, prestressed concrete, precast concrete, underwater concrete, polymer concrete, resin concrete, mass concrete, expansive concrete, low-shrinkage concrete, and non-shrinkage concrete.

[0069] Parts of a building include structural materials, fastening members, finishing materials, underlayment materials, interior materials, exterior materials, facing materials, thermal insulation materials, foundations, bases, walls, pillars (through pillars, pipe pillars, corner pillars, supporting pillars, and main pillars), beams (rafters, flint beams, log beams, and climbing beams), roofs, ceilings, floors, stairs, beams, rafters, windows, window glass, window frames, doors, door frames, doors, shelves, baseboards, frames (climbing frames), decorative pillars, tokonoma alcove, toko stile, floorboards, toko pillars, transoms, lintels, attached lintels, girder beams, flint beams, diagonal braces, crossbeams, partition posts, beams, eaves, eaves ceilings, rough verandas, eaves, gutters, flooring, carpets, cushion flooring, wallpaper, shoji screens, shoji paper, siding, expansion joints, tiles, cement tiles, slate tiles, colonial, corrugated steel sheets, and handrails.

[0070] The structures that can be realized by each component of a building include stone masonry, brick construction, wood construction, wooden structure, storehouse construction, steel frame construction (S construction), light-gauge steel construction (LGS), heavy-gauge steel construction, unreinforced concrete construction, reinforced concrete construction (RC construction), steel-reinforced concrete construction (SRC construction), concrete-filled steel tubular construction, concrete block construction (CB construction), reinforced concrete block construction, steel-concrete composite construction, prestressed concrete construction (PC), membrane structure, wall structure, frame structure, masonry construction, air-membrane structure (single membrane), air-membrane structure (double membrane), air-membrane structure (air beam), pure rigid frame structure, wall-mounted rigid frame, braced rigid frame, brace structure, core structure, tube structure, truss structure, vault structure, shell structure, cable (suspension) structure, pin structure, space frame, arch, dome shell, earthquake-resistant structure, seismic isolation structure, vibration-damping structure, rigid structure, flexible structure, and seismic isolation structure.

[0071] Home appliances include visual equipment (display devices) such as televisions and projectors, visual equipment (recording and playback devices) such as video tape recorders, DVD recorders, Blue-ray Disc recorders, HDD recorders, DVD players, Blue-ray Disc players, visual equipment (shooting devices) such as video cameras and digital cameras, audio equipment (recording and playback devices) such as wire recorders, tape recorders, mini disc recorders, radio cassette recorders, IC recorders, audio equipment (playback devices) such as analog players, CD players, amplifiers, radios, audio equipment (reproduction devices) such as speakers, headphones, white goods, information appliances, etc.

[0072] Agricultural machinery includes general-purpose agricultural machinery such as tractors, agricultural machinery used for cultivating and leveling land such as plows, harrows, rollers, rotary tillers, tillers, compactors, levellers, ridgers, and furrow cutters, agricultural machinery used for cultivating, preparing, and improving soil such as root uprooters, subsoil crushers, furrow diggers, mold rainers (culvert boring machines), hole diggers, and backhoes, machinery used for fertilizing such as manure spreaders (compost spreaders), slurry spreaders, lime sowers, planters (spot sowing machines), and fertilizer sowing machines, and machinery used for sowing and transferring seeds such as rice transplanters, vegetable transplanters, transplanters, and broadcasters. Agricultural machinery used for planting, sprayers, power sprayers, misters, dusters, power dusters, granule spreaders, power granule spreaders, fog machines, aerial dusters, helicopters (aerial pest control), soil disinfectants, brush cutters, management machines, speed sprayers, frost damage control machines, cultivators, weeders, thinners (thinning machines), power pumps, sprinklers (irrigation equipment), and other agricultural machinery used for pest control and management, binders, combines, vegetable harvesters, mowers, hay balers, roll balers, windrowers, threshers, bean cutters (bean harvesters), corn harvesters, corn shellers, potato harvesters, beet harvesters, sweet potatoes Agricultural machinery used for harvesting such as diggers, sweet potato vine cutters, sugarcane harvesters, peanut harvesters, flax harvesters, onion diggers, chestnut threshers, peanut threshers, plucking machines, mulberry strip harvesters, special purpose crop diggers, vibration harvesters, hop picking machines, dryers, hullers, sorters, rice polishers, pasture dryers, chicken manure dryers, special purpose crop dryers, grain polishers, disc mowers, mower conditioners, tedders, rakes, forage harvesters, heap balers, heap presses, road wagons, heap loaders, bale loaders, feed choppers, forage blowers, silage unloaders, Agricultural machinery used for drying and preparing harvested products, such as feed crushers, feed choppers, root cutters, feed mixers, and feed molding machines; agricultural machinery used for managing livestock, such as automatic feeders, milking machines, milk coolers, water feeders, water heaters, urine spreaders, livestock barn cleaning machines, solid-liquid separators, manure treatment machines, warmers, egg lifters, egg washing and sorting machines, and livestock barn disinfection machines; agricultural machinery used for raising silkworms, such as humidity control devices for communal rearing of young silkworms, powered mulberry shredders, automatic rearing devices for young silkworms, automatic rearing devices for mature silkworms, row-splitting machines, harvesting machines, and cocoon feather removers; marchers, crucifixion cultivation equipment, greenhouse heaters, vegetable washing machines, deep layer fertilizer applicators, powered pruners,This includes agricultural machinery used in vegetable and fruit horticulture (field crops), such as tree towers, orchard rotary cutters, sorting machines, orchard transport machines, tending machines, etc.; agricultural machinery used in tea processing, such as steamers, roughing machines, grinding machines, separating machines, and polishing machines; agricultural machinery used for flower crops, such as pruners, ramie peelers, rush sorters, tulip sorters, and peanut peeling machines; agricultural machinery used in forestry, such as brush cutters, chainsaws, and lumber collectors; agricultural machinery used for transportation, such as trailers, grain transport machines, and front loaders.

[0073] General construction machinery includes bulldozers and scrapers such as bulldozers, ripper dozers (bulldozers with ripper), scrape dozers, towed scrapers, and motor scrapers, hydraulic excavators (backhoes, power shovels), draglines, clamshells, mud excavators, tractor shovels, wheel loaders, trenchers, bucket wheel excavators, and other excavators and loaders, trucks, dump trucks, trucks with crane equipment, trailers, locomotives, tailings cars, shuttle cars, off-road transport vehicles (specially equipped transport vehicles), and shovel loaders. , fork loaders, all-wheel drive vehicles, belt conveyors, bucket wheel excavators and other transport machinery, crawler cranes, truck cranes, wheel cranes (all-terrain cranes, rough terrain cranes), tower cranes, jib cranes, railway cranes, floating cranes, pipe layers, construction lifts, elevators, gantry cranes, forklifts, straddle carriers, container carriers, top lifters, clamp lifts, aerial work vehicles (lift vehicles), concrete floor finishing robots, sling removal robots, unloaders and other crane Loading and unloading machinery, pile drivers, diesel hammers, hydraulic hammers, vibro hammers, water jets (water jet cutters), earth augers, earth auger excavators, Monken, hydraulic steel pipe press-in and pull-out machines, sand pile drivers, powder jet mixers, all-casing drills, hole-digging pole vehicles, earth drills, reverse circulation drills, underground continuous wall construction machines, mud drainage treatment equipment (including alkaline underwater neutralization equipment and sludge suction and discharge vehicles (vacuum cars)), grout pumps, grout mixers (including mortar plants), pneumatic caisson construction equipment, Deep layer mixing machines, high pressure jet mixing ground improvement machines, chemical injection construction equipment, deep foundation construction machines (rotary spraying machines, underwater cutting machines, etc.), foundation construction machines such as pile pullers, boring machines, down the hole hammers, rock drills (hand hammers, leg hammers, drifters, pick hammers, baby hammers, riveting hammers, chipping hammers, caulking hammers, scaling hammers, sand rams, concrete breakers, large breakers, etc.), drill jumbos, crawler drills, tunnel excavators / cutting machines, grab hoppers, grab rifters, tunnel construction equipment,Drilling machines and tunnel construction machines such as shield construction equipment, motor graders, stabilizers, mixing plants, mixers for extremely soft ground, and other motor graders and roadbed machinery, road rollers (macadam rollers, tandem rollers), tire rollers, tamping rollers, vibrating rollers, tampers, rams, vibrating compactors and other compaction machinery, concrete plants, truck mixers (agitator trucks), concrete pump cars, concrete pumps, concrete placers, screw cleat, agitator cars, concrete crushers and other concrete machinery, asphalt Asphalt plants, recycling plants, asphalt finishers, asphalt kettles, distributors, chip spreaders, asphalt cookers, concrete spreaders, concrete finishers, concrete levellers (vertical concrete finishing machines), simple concrete finishing machines, concrete horizontal machines, vibration joint cutting machines, concrete cutters, inner vibrators, asphalt engine sprayers, asphalt covers, joint sealers, placer spreaders, slip form vapor, curing machines and other paving machines, road heaters road maintenance machines such as tugs, joint cleaners, road sweepers, line markers, dissolving tanks, lane marking erasing machines, road cutting machines, road surface regeneration machines, guardrail sweepers, road safety groove cutting machines (grooving machines), sprinkler trucks, guardrail post driving machines, lane marking construction machines, deck surface thickening machines, microsurface machines, drainage pavement function recovery machines, air compressors, air blowers such as air compressors and fans, small volute pumps, small multi-stage centrifugal pumps (turbine pumps), submersible motor pumps for deep wells, vacuum pumps, submersible motor pumps for construction (submersible pumps), underwater pumps such as slush pumps (submersible pumps with agitation equipment), slurry pumps, transformers, high-voltage air switches, cubicle-type high-voltage substation equipment, electric equipment such as motor generators, winches such as winches, hoists, chain blocks, truck scales, measuring instruments, core samplers (core boring machines), CBR testers, plate load testing equipment, grout flow rate and pressure measuring devices, gas detectors, sound level meters, vibration measuring instruments, settlement and tilt measuring instruments, dust meters, turbidity meters, automatic surveying equipment, testing and measuring equipment such as light wave measuring instruments, erection girders, vents, portal cranes, hoists, chain blocks,Geared trolleys, winches, jacks, hydraulic pumps, heavy trucks, sending-off devices, steel towers, carriers, saddles, backstay adjustment devices, cable fixing devices, turnbuckles, rope hangers, unreelers, sending-off devices, lateral removal devices, lowering devices, travel cranes, girder suspension devices, girder suspension gate structure moving devices, turntables, mobile supports, ground guard railing work vehicles and other steel and PC bridges This includes temporary construction equipment, concrete mixers, aggregate measuring devices, concrete buckets, concrete vibrators, concrete crushers, jaw crushers, impact crushers, welding machines, welding rod dryers, hydraulic jacks, monkens, rails, turntables, mortar concrete sprayers, concrete sprayers, quick-setting agent supply devices, seed sprayers, bentonite mixers, water tanks, brush cutters, lawnmowers, chainsaws, floats, construction traffic lights, construction high-pressure cleaners, chemical sprayers, grass collectors, jet heaters, packers, self-propelled crushers, self-propelled soil improvement machines, self-propelled wood crushers, and other general land-based construction machinery.

[0074] The present invention is also applicable to special construction machinery, and examples of special construction machinery include machinery for port, river and coastal construction works, such as main work boats, auxiliary work boats, auxiliary equipment for work boats, and auxiliary equipment for port construction works; concrete production equipment, concrete transport equipment, concrete cooling equipment, aggregate production equipment, cement transport and storage equipment, water supply equipment, pollution control equipment, other machinery for dam construction works, such as dam construction machinery; snow removal machinery, such as snowmobiles, snow removal devices, snow removal attachments, and spreaders; sewer construction machinery, such as traction construction machinery; mine removal machinery, etc.

[0075] Machine tools include lathes such as general-purpose or NC turret lathes, milling machines using milling cutters and end mills, shaping machines using bites, planing machines using bites, drilling machines using drills, reamers, taps, etc., boring machines using bites, electric discharge machines such as wire-cut electric discharge machines and die-sinking electric discharge machines, broaching machines using broaches, gear cutting machines such as bob machines (bobs) and gear shaping machines (rack cutters, pinion cutters), grinding machines using grindstones, contour machines, band saws, machining centers, water jet machines, laser machines, electron beam machines, honing machines, electrochemical machines, deburring / chamfering machines, electrochemical deburring machines, cutting machines, rolling machines, forming devices such as nut formers and part formers, etc. Also included are various machining tools and tool holders such as drills, end mills, bites, tips, taps, saw-tooth tools, dies, and molds that are included in these machine tools.

[0076] Other structural elements include structural materials for the body of a building, structural materials for buildings, exterior materials, interior materials, wind power propellers, solar panels, cylinders, pistons, actuators, dampers, linear guides, bearings, engine blocks, chassis, shafts, rods, L-shaped metal fittings, curtains, roller curtains, handrails, lattices, and sashes for balconies, balconies, bay windows, etc., handrails in corridors, aisles, stairs, bedside tables, interior walls of toilets, chairs, desks, bookshelves, cupboards, beds, bathtubs, toilet seats, toilet bowls, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 1...antenna device, 2...transmission circuit, 4...cover, 6...antenna, 10...imaging unit, 100...physical change detection device, 102...CPU, 104...memory, 106...detection circuit, 108...communication circuit, 110...power supply circuit.

Claims

1. A transmission circuit; a cover for protecting the transmission circuit; a plurality of antennas disposed on the cover and connected to the transmitting circuit; The plurality of antennas are disposed on at least one of an outer surface, an inner surface, and an interior of the cover; The antenna device is characterized in that the plurality of antennas are arranged with a half-width gap between adjacent antennas.

2. A transmission circuit, a cover for protecting the transmission circuit; a plurality of antennas disposed on an outer surface of the cover and connected to the transmitting circuit; a dielectric protective layer covering the outside of each of the antennas; An antenna device comprising:

3. Each of the antennas is provided on the outer surface of the cover; The cover is conductive, 3. The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising an insulator interposed between the cover and the antenna.

4. 4. The antenna device according to claim 3, wherein an insulating layer is formed between the cover and the antenna.

5. 4. The antenna device according to claim 3, further comprising an insulator disposed between the cover and the antenna.

6. the cover is made of a dielectric material; 3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is disposed directly on the cover.

7. An antenna device described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each of the antennas is connected to the transmitting circuit.

8. A specific antenna among the plurality of antennas is connected to the transmission circuit, 7. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antennas are connected to each other.

9. 9. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the antennas are arranged along a circumferential direction of the cover.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9 , wherein one or more of the antennas are arranged in a direction perpendicular to a circumferential direction of the cover.

11. a light receiving element surrounded by the cover; 11. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the cover is light-transmitting.

12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein the light receiving element is an optical lens and / or an imaging element.

13. 13. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the cover is made of either glass or a polymer compound.

14. 14. The antenna device according to claim 13, wherein the glass is composed of one or more of soda glass, quartz, sapphire, ruby, tempered glass, and lead glass.

15. 14. The antenna device according to claim 13, wherein the polymer compound contains one or more of fluorine, polyester, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutyl terephthalate, acrylic, polyether, vinyl, urethane, polyamide, and epoxy.

16. 16. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is made of one or more of TiO, TiN, ITO, FTO, graphene, tin oxide, zinc oxide, and indium tin oxide.

17. 17. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the cover has a closed cross-sectional structure including a closed space, and the closed space surrounds the transmission circuit.

18. 18. The antenna device according to claim 17, wherein the cover has at least one of a substantially spherical shape, a substantially dome shape, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially conical shape, a substantially cup shape, and a substantially lens shape that surrounds the transmission circuit.

19. A cable connecting the transmitting circuit and the antenna, 19. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the cover is formed with a hole through which the cable passes.

20. The transmitting circuit and the antenna are wirelessly connected, 19. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the cover is formed to be capable of transmitting radio waves.

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