SUPPLY AND DEMAND MANAGEMENT DEVICE, TRADING SUPPORT DEVICE, SUPPLY AND DEMAND MANAGEMENT METHOD, AND SUPPLY AND DEMAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

Abstract

To obtain a supply and demand management device capable of suppressing a difference between a planned value and an actual value regarding power supply and demand.SOLUTION: A supply and demand management device includes a baseline creation unit 15 that generates a baseline that is a predicted value of power supply and demand for a plurality of consumers on the basis of the actual values of power consumption and generated power of the plurality of consumers, a characteristic information generating unit 14 that groups at least some of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups, and generates characteristic information indicating characteristics regarding power supply and demand of each group, and a plan creation unit 16 that selects a group to be subject to a command to change at least one of power consumption and generated power on the basis of the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and baseline corresponding to the selected group.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a supply and demand management device, a transaction support device, a supply and demand management method, and a supply and demand management program that create a supply and demand plan. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to achieve the simultaneous balancing of power, electricity suppliers such as electricity retailers and power generation companies create power supply and demand plans to manage supply and demand. Conventionally, supply and demand plans and power generation plans were created taking into consideration the predicted demand value, the predicted market price of electricity, and the costs of fuel required for power generation, etc. (For example, see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2019-83601 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, not only fossil fuel-based generators but also non-fossil power sources such as solar power generation, wind power generation, and storage facilities have been increasing. Effective use of these power sources by controlling them is also being considered. On the other hand, since the characteristics of each customer's contract and equipment are also diverse, non-fossil power sources are more complicated to manage the supply capacity and estimate the cost of generated power than fossil fuel-based generators. For this reason, the accuracy of the estimate of generated power is lower than that of supply and demand management using fossil fuel-based generators, and there is a possibility that a difference will occur between the planned value and the actual value. If a difference occurs between the planned value and the actual value, a penalty called an imbalance fee will be incurred due to the inability to achieve the same amount at the same time. In addition, there is a possibility that a difference will occur between the cost estimate at the time of planning and the cost estimate of the actual result, resulting in more costs than the electric utility anticipated at the time of planning. In a broad sense, this cost difference can be said to be the difference between the planned value and the actual value regarding power supply and demand. For this reason, it is desirable to perform supply and demand management so as to suppress the difference between the planned value and the actual value regarding power supply and demand.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above, and has an object to provide a supply and demand management device that can reduce the difference between planned values ​​and actual values ​​related to power supply and demand. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the supply and demand management device according to the present disclosure includes a baseline creation unit that generates a baseline, which is a predicted value of the power supply and demand of multiple consumers based on actual values ​​of the power consumption and power generation of the multiple consumers, and a characteristic information creation unit that divides at least a portion of the multiple consumers into multiple groups and generates characteristic information indicating characteristics related to the power supply and demand of the group for each group. The supply and demand management device further includes a plan creation unit that selects a group to be the target of a command to change at least one of the power consumption and the power generation based on the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group. The characteristic information includes operation information indicating the degree of agreement with an instruction for the group to increase power generation, and the operation information includes a first reliability score which is a weighted sum of an instruction agreement rate indicating the degree of agreement with an instruction value corresponding to the instruction, an initial response rate indicating the shortness of the period from the start of the instruction to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating the ratio of the period of the operation from the start to the end of the operation to the period from the start to the end of the instruction. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, an effect is achieved in that the difference between planned values ​​and actual values ​​regarding power supply and demand can be reduced. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a supply and demand management device according to a first embodiment; [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a customer's facility according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a computer system that realizes a supply and demand management device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] A flowchart showing an example of a supply and demand plan creation process procedure in the supply and demand management device of the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of contract information according to the first embodiment; [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of characteristic information for each group according to the first embodiment; [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a command matching rate, an initial response rate, and a control period conformity rate according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the priority of group selection according to the first embodiment. [Figure 9] 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a group recombination process according to the first embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of clustering of resources according to a first embodiment; [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a supply and demand management device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of market value information according to the second embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of characteristic information according to the second embodiment; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] A supply and demand management device, a transaction support device, a supply and demand management method, and a supply and demand management program according to embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0010] Embodiment 1 Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a supply and demand management device according to a first embodiment. In the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment, electric power suppliers, including retailers, create supply and demand plans for the electricity they manage, and transmit the plans to a cross-regional operation organization system 3 managed by a cross-regional operation promotion organization (hereinafter referred to as a cross-regional organization). Note that the destination of the supply and demand plans is not limited to the cross-regional operation organization system 3, and the supply and demand management device 1 may transmit the supply and demand plans to other devices (not shown) that perform, for example, voltage management, cost management, and bidding on the electricity market.

[0011] The supply and demand management device 1 is connected to terminals 2-1 to 2-n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) installed in consumers that it manages, and acquires the power consumption of each consumer from the terminals 2-1 to 2-n. Note that a consumer may have at least one of a power generation facility and a power storage facility. In such a case, the power supplied by the consumer to the power grid exceeds the power consumed by the consumer, resulting in a reverse power flow. When a reverse power flow occurs, the power consumption acquired from the terminals 2-1 to 2-n is in the reverse direction, i.e., a negative value, and in this case, the absolute value of the power indicates the supplied power. Note that not only the power generated by a power generation facility, but also the power stored in a power storage facility that is discharged and flows reversely is called generated power.

[0012] The supply and demand management device 1 also acquires additional information from the information distribution system 4. The additional information is information that affects the supply and demand of electricity, such as meteorological information such as weather and temperature, calendar information indicating whether a weekday is a holiday or day of the week, and contract information indicating information regarding contracts with consumers. Although one information distribution system 4 is illustrated in FIG. 1, the device from which the information is acquired may be different depending on the content of the additional information. For example, the information distribution system 4 that provides meteorological information is a server of a weather company, and the information distribution system 4 that provides contract information is a management device that manages contracts. The supply and demand management device 1 may acquire the calendar information from another device, or the calendar information may be set in the supply and demand management device 1 by an operator.

[0013] The supply and demand management device 1 creates a supply and demand plan using the actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation obtained from the terminals 2-1 to 2-n and additional information obtained from the information distribution system 4, and transmits the created supply and demand plan to the cross-regional organization system 3. The supply and demand plan indicates a plan of demand and supply in a specified time unit within a specified period. For example, the supply and demand plan is a plan of demand and supply for one day for each time period such as 30 minutes. In addition, the supply and demand management device 1 generates instructions to request consumers to increase power generation or power consumption, etc., when necessary for balancing supply and demand, and transmits them to the corresponding terminals 2-1 to 2-n. In this way, the supply and demand management device 1 can control the power of each consumer by generating instructions and transmitting them to the terminals 2-1 to 2-n. Hereinafter, when the terminals 2-1 to 2-n are not individually indicated, they are also called terminals 2.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, the supply and demand management device 1 includes a communication unit 11, a performance information recording unit 12, an additional information recording unit 13, a characteristic information generating unit 14, a baseline creating unit 15, a plan creating unit 16, and an instruction management unit 17.

[0015] The communication unit 11 communicates with other devices such as the terminals 2-1 to 2-n, the information distribution system 4, and the cross-regional organization system 3. The communication unit 11 acquires measured values ​​of power consumption and power generation from the terminals 2-1 to 2-n, and stores the acquired measured values ​​in the performance information recording unit 12. Each of the terminals 2-1 to 2-n may periodically transmit the measured values ​​to the supply and demand management device 1, or the communication unit 11 may request each of the terminals 2-1 to 2-n to transmit the measured values, and the terminals 2-1 to 2-n may transmit the measured values ​​to the supply and demand management device 1. Each measured value is associated with a date and time corresponding to the measured value, and is associated with identification information of the terminals 2-1 to 2-n or identification information of the consumer corresponding to the terminals 2-1 to 2-n, and is stored in the performance information recording unit 12.

[0016] Furthermore, the communication unit 11 acquires additional information from the information distribution system 4, and stores the acquired additional information in the additional information recording unit 13. As described above, the information distribution system 4 from which the information is acquired may differ depending on the content of the additional information. The additional information is stored in association with a date and time. Furthermore, the additional information includes actual values ​​and predicted values. For example, weather information, which is an example of additional information, includes actual values ​​of temperature and weather, as well as predicted values ​​of the temperature, weather, etc. for the next day.

[0017] The characteristic information generating unit 14 divides at least some of the multiple consumers into multiple groups, and generates characteristic information for each group that indicates characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity for that group. These groups are called VPPs (Virtual Power Plants). The characteristic information includes characteristics such as the ability of the virtual power plant to follow commands, characteristics related to the costs of the virtual power plant, etc. The groups and the characteristic information will be described in detail later.

[0018] The baseline creation unit 15 creates a baseline for supply and demand using the power consumption, i.e., the actual value of demand, stored in the actual information recording unit 12, the generated power, i.e., the actual value of supply, stored in the actual information recording unit 12, and the additional information recorded in the additional information recording unit 13. The baseline indicates a forecast of demand and supply based on the actual values, and corresponds to a supply and demand plan for the case where power control of each consumer is not performed. In other words, the baseline creation unit 15 generates a baseline that is a forecast value of power supply and demand for multiple consumers based on the actual values ​​of power consumption and generated power for the multiple consumers.

[0019] For example, when creating a supply and demand plan for the next day, the baseline creation unit 15 acquires the predicted values ​​of the temperature and weather for the next day and the calendar information for the next day from the additional information recorded in the additional information recording unit 13. Then, the baseline creation unit 15 acquires the result values ​​corresponding to past additional information similar to the additional information for the next day from the result values ​​stored in the result information recording unit 12. For example, the baseline creation unit 15 searches the additional information in the additional information recording unit 13 to obtain the date of the past day that was in the same month as the next day, on the same day of the week, had the same weather, and had a difference from the predicted value of the temperature less than or equal to a threshold value. The baseline creation unit 15 reads out the result values ​​corresponding to the date obtained by the search from the result information recording unit 12. When there are multiple results values ​​to be read, the baseline creation unit 15 may set the average value or median value of these result values ​​for each time period as the baseline, or may set the additional information closest to the predicted value as the baseline.

[0020] Also, the performance information recording unit 12 may store information that has been statistically processed in advance for each additional information. For example, the baseline creating unit 15 may periodically classify the performance values ​​recorded in the performance information recording unit 12 according to the corresponding additional information, calculate the average value or median value for each time period of a day for each classification, and store the calculated value in the performance information recording unit 12 as a statistical value for each classification. For example, the performance information recording unit 12 calculates the average value or median value for each time period of a day for each different combination of month, maximum temperature, weather, and weekday / holiday, and stores the calculated value in the performance information recording unit 12 as a statistical value. For the maximum temperature, a range of values ​​is defined, for example, 24 degrees to 25 degrees is treated as the same, and the maximum temperature within the range is treated as the same, and the above-mentioned processing is performed. In this way, when the performance information recording unit 12 stores information that has been statistically processed in advance for each additional information, the baseline creating unit 15 can generate a baseline by reading out information corresponding to the additional information for the day for which the supply and demand plan is to be created. The above-mentioned method of generating a baseline using the performance values ​​is one example, and there is no particular restriction on the method of generating the baseline, and any method may be used.

[0021] The plan creation unit 16 corrects the baseline using the characteristic information generated by the characteristic information generation unit 14 to create a supply and demand plan, outputs the created supply and demand plan to the instruction management unit 17, and transmits it to the cross-regional operation system 3 via the communication unit 11. That is, the plan creation unit 16 selects a group to which a command to change at least one of the power consumption and the power generation is to be issued based on the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group. The plan creation unit 16 creates a supply and demand plan by allocating a command value to be issued to the group to which a command to change at least one of the power consumption and the power generation is to be issued to consumers belonging to the group. Any rule may be used for the allocation, and examples of the rule include equal opportunity allocation, contract price order, pro rata allocation according to contract power, and a method of requesting a change in the direction of uniformly increasing or decreasing the power supply by providing information on the price.

[0022] The instruction management unit 17 generates an instruction for controlling the power of the consumer, i.e., an instruction to change at least one of the power consumption and the power generation, based on the supply and demand plan, and transmits the generated instruction to the corresponding terminal 2-1 to 2-n via the communication unit 11. That is, the instruction management unit 17 transmits an instruction according to the instruction to the terminal 2-1 to 2-n that controls the power of the consumer belonging to the group selected by the plan creation unit 16. This instruction is an instruction for controlling the power, and includes a command value indicating the amount of increase in the generated power, i.e., the supply power supplied from the consumer, or the amount of increase in the power consumption. The instruction management unit 17 stores the generated instruction as command information in the performance information recording unit 12. The terminals 2-1 to 2-n control the power of the consumer by controlling at least one of the power consumption and the power generation of each facility of the consumer.

[0023] Here, the control of power of consumers in this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, it is assumed that at least some of the consumers under management of the electric utility who creates a supply and demand plan have concluded a contract to increase at least one of the power generation and the power consumption based on an instruction from the supply and demand management device 1. Consumers who have concluded a contract to increase at least one of the power generation and the power consumption are hereinafter also referred to as resources. When the terminals 2-1 to 2-n receive an instruction to increase the power generation from the supply and demand management device 1, they control the equipment in the corresponding consumer to increase the power generation. Also, when the terminals 2-1 to 2-n receive an instruction to increase the power generation from the supply and demand management device 1 or another device, they control the equipment in the corresponding consumer to increase the power consumption.

[0024] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the equipment of the consumer in the present embodiment. In FIG. 2, five consumers, 20-1 to 20-5, are illustrated as a part of many consumers. As shown in FIG. 2, loads 21-1 to 21-5 of the consumers 20-1 to 20-5 are connected to a distribution line 30. The loads 21-1 to 21-5 are equipment that consumes power. In addition, to the distribution line 30, a power storage equipment 22-1 of the consumer 20-1 is connected, a power generation equipment 23-4 of the consumer 20-4 is connected, and a power storage equipment 22-5 and a power generation equipment 23-5 of the consumer 20-5 are connected. In addition, terminals 2-1 to 2-5 are installed in each of the consumers 20-1 to 20-5. The distribution line 30 may be any of a low-voltage distribution line, a high-voltage distribution line, and a special high-voltage distribution line. Hereinafter, when consumers 20-1 to 20-5 are shown without distinction, they are also called consumers 20, when loads 21-1 to 21-5 are shown without distinction, they are also called loads 21, when storage facilities 22-1 and 22-5 are shown without distinction, they are also called storage facilities 22, and when power generation facilities 23-4 and 23-5 are shown without distinction, they are also called power generation facilities 23. In addition, consumers 20, loads 21, storage facilities 22, and power generation facilities 23 include not only those related to the five consumers 20-1 to 20-5 shown in FIG. 2 but also all those related to consumers managed by the supply and demand management device 1.

[0025] Consumers 20-1 to 20-5 are resources that have signed a contract to increase at least one of the power generation and the power consumption. In this embodiment, all consumers managed by supply and demand management device 1 are described as resources, but some of the managed consumers may be resources and the rest may not be resources, i.e., consumers that are not subject to power control. In this case, supply and demand management device 1 collects actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation for the remaining consumers, but does not control the power.

[0026] Although the power generated by one resource is less than that of a large-scale power plant, by bundling a large number of resources, it can be treated like a power plant. Such a bundling of a large number of resources is also called a VPP. The facilities constituting each resource are not the same, as illustrated in FIG. 2. For example, in a consumer 20-1 equipped with a load 21-1 and a power storage facility 22-1, when a terminal 2-1 receives an instruction to increase the power generation, at least one of discharging the power storage facility 22-1 and reducing the power consumption of the load 21-1 is performed according to the command value. The power consumption of the load 21-1 is reduced by, for example, transitioning a device compatible with an energy-saving mode to an energy-saving mode or turning off the power of the device. In addition, in a consumer 20-4 equipped with a load 21-4 and a power generation facility 23-4, when a terminal 2-4 receives an instruction to increase the power generation, at least one of increasing the power generation of the power generation facility 23-4 and reducing the power consumption of the load 21-4 is performed according to the command value. In addition, since the power generated by solar power generation varies greatly from day to day and varies from day to day, consumers that have solar power generation equipment, such as consumer 20-5, generally also have storage equipment.In this case, when an instruction to increase the power generation is received, the storage equipment is discharged.

[0027] Furthermore, when the terminal 2-1 receives an instruction to increase power consumption, the terminal 2-1 controls the power storage facility 22-1 to charge. Note that the consumers 20-2 and 20-3 cannot discharge power from the power generation facility and the power storage facility, but when the terminals 2-2 and 2-3 receive an instruction to increase the power generation, they supply power by suppressing the power consumption of the loads 21-2 and 21-3, respectively.

[0028] The supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment creates a supply and demand plan taking into consideration power generation by a VPP that bundles resources. On the other hand, the power generated by a VPP depends on the characteristics of the power generation equipment or storage equipment of many consumers. For example, if the consumers 20-1 to 20-5 shown in FIG. 2 constitute one VPP, the equipment owned by the consumers 20-1 to 20-5 is not the same. For this reason, when a VPP is used, it is more difficult to calculate a planned value than when a fossil fuel-based generator is used. In addition, an electric utility generally manages multiple VPPs, but the reliability of whether or not the generated power can be obtained as instructed varies depending on which VPP is selected. For example, when there is a first VPP consisting of consumers such as a utility with a relatively large-scale storage equipment and a second VPP with many consumers only having loads, the first VPP is more likely to be controlled according to the command value than the second VPP because the power control by the storage equipment is relatively easy. The second VPP, which has many consumers that only have loads, supplies power by reducing power consumption, so there is a lower chance that it will be able to supply power according to the command value compared to the first VPP.

[0029] Therefore, in this embodiment, by generating information for calculating the cost of generating power from the VPP and information indicating the follow-up ability of the VPP to instructions as characteristic information, the prediction accuracy of the generated power when controlling the VPP using the characteristic information is improved, and the accuracy of the supply and demand plan is improved. This makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of penalties caused by differences between planned values ​​and actual values. In addition, by selecting a VPP to be used using the characteristic information, it is possible to appropriately select a VPP according to the purpose, such as prioritizing cost or reliability.

[0030] In addition, when a baseline is generated, the accuracy of the supply and demand plan can be improved by instructing consumers to increase their power consumption during times when oversupply is predicted.

[0031] Next, a hardware configuration of the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment will be described. In the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment, a supply and demand management program, which is a program describing the processing in the supply and demand management device 1, is executed on a computer system, so that the computer system functions as the supply and demand management device 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a computer system that realizes the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, this computer system includes a control unit 101, an input unit 102, a storage unit 103, a display unit 104, a communication unit 105, and an output unit 106, which are connected via a system bus 107.

[0032] In FIG. 3, the control unit 101 is a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and executes a supply and demand management program in which the processing in the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment is described. The input unit 102 is composed of, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and is used by a user of the computer system to input various information. The storage unit 103 includes various memories such as a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a storage device such as a hard disk, and stores the program to be executed by the control unit 101, necessary data obtained in the process of processing, and the like. The storage unit 103 is also used as a temporary storage area for the program. The display unit 104 is composed of a display, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display Panel), and the like, and displays various screens to the user of the computer system. The communication unit 105 is a receiver and a transmitter that perform communication processing. The output unit 106 is a printer, etc. Note that FIG. 3 is an example, and the configuration of the computer system is not limited to the example of FIG. 3.

[0033] Here, an example of the operation of the computer system until the supply and demand management program of this embodiment is in an executable state will be described. In the computer system having the above-mentioned configuration, for example, the supply and demand management program is installed in the storage unit 103 from a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM set in a CD (Compact Disc)-ROM drive or DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)-ROM drive (not shown). Then, when the supply and demand management program is executed, the supply and demand management program read from the storage unit 103 is stored in the storage unit 103. In this state, the control unit 101 executes the processing as the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment according to the program stored in the storage unit 103.

[0034] In the above explanation, a program describing the processing in the supply and demand management device 1 is provided on a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM as a recording medium. However, this is not limited to this, and depending on the configuration of the computer system and the capacity of the program to be provided, for example, a program provided over a transmission medium such as the Internet via the communication unit 105 may be used.

[0035] The characteristic information generating unit 14, the baseline creating unit 15, the plan creating unit 16, and the instruction managing unit 17 shown in Fig. 1 are realized by executing the supply and demand management program stored in the memory unit 103 shown in Fig. 3 by the control unit 101 shown in Fig. 3. The performance information recording unit 12 and the additional information recording unit 13 shown in Fig. 1 are part of the memory unit 103 shown in Fig. 3. The communication unit 11 shown in Fig. 1 is realized by the communication unit 105 and the control unit 101 shown in Fig. 3. The supply and demand management device 1 may be realized by a plurality of computer systems. Also, the supply and demand management device 1 may be realized by executing the supply and demand management program in a cloud system composed of a plurality of computer systems.

[0036] Furthermore, the supply and demand management device 1 may be installed by a user who manages a supply and demand plan, such as an electric utility company, or the supply and demand management device 1 may be installed by another business operator, and the supply and demand plan, instructions to each consumer, and other processing results may be provided to the user. For example, the processing results generated by executing a supply and demand management program in a cloud system by another business operator may be provided to the user.

[0037] For example, the supply and demand management program of the present embodiment causes a computer to execute a baseline step of generating a baseline, which is a predicted value of power supply and demand for multiple consumers, based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation for the multiple consumers, and a characteristic information generating step of dividing at least a portion of the multiple consumers into multiple groups and generating characteristic information for each group that indicates characteristics related to the power supply and demand of the group.The supply and demand management program of the present embodiment also causes a computer to execute a plan creating step of selecting a group to be the target of a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation, based on the characteristic information, and creating a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group.

[0038] Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a process procedure for creating a supply and demand plan in the supply and demand management device 1 of this embodiment. The supply and demand management device 1 creates a supply and demand plan for the next day, for example. That is, the supply and demand management device 1 creates a supply and demand plan on the day before the supply and demand planned in the supply and demand plan actually occurs. The timing for creating the supply and demand plan is not limited to this example, and may be one week before, one month before, or on the day itself. Generally, a supply and demand plan is created once on the day before and again on the day itself, but the timing for creating the supply and demand plan is not limited to this example and may be any timing.

[0039] The supply and demand management device 1 creates a supply and demand baseline using the stored performance information and additional information and the additional information for the target date for plan creation (step S1). In detail, the baseline creation unit 15 generates a supply and demand baseline using the performance values ​​of power consumption stored in the performance information recording unit 12, the performance values ​​of generated power stored in the performance information recording unit 12, and the additional information recorded in the additional information recording unit 13, as described above.

[0040] Next, the supply and demand management device 1 calculates characteristic information for each group (step S2). This group corresponds to the VPP, which is the above-mentioned virtual power plant, and is composed of multiple resources. This grouping is performed according to the contract type and owned equipment of each consumer 20, based on the contract information and equipment information stored in the additional information recording unit 13 as part of the additional information, for example. Without being limited to this, it may also be performed according to the location of the consumer 20. As will be described later, if the grouping is not appropriate, the groups can be rearranged.

[0041] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the contract information of the present embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the contract information includes the contract unit price, contract type, contract power, controllable amount, and facility type for each consumer 20. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the facility type is included in the contract information, but the facility type may be managed as facility information separately from the contract information. The contract unit price is a contract unit price of the cost paid to each consumer 20 when the consumer increases the generated power or increases the consumed power in response to an instruction from the supply and demand management device 1, and is determined by a contract between the electric utility and the consumer. In addition, the contract type is a type such as low voltage, high voltage, and extra high voltage. In this case, the consumers to be managed by the supply and demand management device 1 include consumers with low voltage contracts connected to low voltage distribution lines, consumers with high voltage contracts connected to high voltage distribution lines, and consumers with extra high voltage contracts connected to extra high voltage distribution lines, but the combination of consumer contract types is not limited to this example, and may be only low voltage consumers, only low voltage consumers and high voltage consumers, etc., and the consumer contract types are not limited to this example. The controllable amount is the maximum amount of power that can be controlled by an instruction from the supply and demand management device 1. If the controllable amount and the contract unit price differ between increasing the generated power and increasing the consumed power, the contract information stores the controllable amount and the contract unit price for increasing the generated power and increasing the consumed power, respectively. The controllable amount may be determined as a fixed value (a single value or a value for each time period) as additional information that is a part of the contract information, or may be a value obtained in real time, for example, by obtaining the current SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery and calculating it using the upper limit of the SOC and the current SOC, or may be predicted in advance from past usage records.

[0042] The equipment type is the type of equipment that each consumer 20 has in addition to the load 21. For the power generation equipment 23, the equipment types are stored separately for photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, gas turbine power generation equipment, etc. Note that the electric utility may not be aware of the equipment types for all consumers 20, but it is sufficient to include the equipment types of equipment that the electric utility is aware of in the contract information. Note that the contract information shown in FIG. 5 is an example, and it is sufficient that the contract information includes the contract unit price, and one or more of the contract type, contract power, and equipment type may not be included in the contract information.

[0043] For example, the characteristic information generating unit 14 may group the consumers based on the contract unit price shown in Fig. 5, may group the consumers based on the contract type, or may group the consumers with the same contract unit price and contract type into one group. For example, the grouping is performed so that each group is composed of consumers with the same contract type. The characteristic information generating unit 14 may further group the consumers based on the contract power.

[0044] Then, in step S2, the characteristic information generating unit 14 generates characteristic information for each group. In detail, the characteristic information generating unit 14 generates characteristic information for each group using at least one of the contract information and the performance value recorded in the performance information recording unit 12.

[0045] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of characteristic information for each group in this embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the characteristic information includes a contract unit price, a controllable amount, a command matching rate, an initial response rate, a control period conformance rate, and a reliability score. The contract unit price, the controllable amount, the command matching rate, the initial response rate, the control period conformance rate, and the reliability score will be described later. FIG. 6 shows an example in which grouping is performed by contract type based on the contract information exemplified in FIG. 5, where group A includes consumers 20-1, 20-3, and 20-5 with low-voltage contracts, group B includes consumer 20-2 with high-voltage contract, and group C includes consumer 20-4 with extra-high-voltage contract.

[0046] The characteristic information generating unit 14 reads the contract unit price of the resources belonging to each group from the contract information for each group, and determines the contract unit price of the characteristic information by calculating the average or median of the read contract unit prices. This contract unit price is the contract unit price when the group changes at least one of the power consumption and the power generation by command. In addition, the characteristic information generating unit 14 reads the controllable amount of the resources belonging to each group from the contract information for each group, calculates the sum of the read controllable amounts, and sets the sum as the controllable amount of the group. Note that if the controllable amount and contract unit price differ between increasing the power generation and increasing the power consumption, the controllable amount and contract unit price for increasing the power generation and increasing the power consumption are calculated as characteristic information.

[0047] Furthermore, the characteristic information generating unit 14 calculates, for each group, a command matching rate, an initial response rate, a control period conformance rate, and a reliability score based on the performance values ​​and command information stored in the performance information recording unit 12. The command matching rate, initial response rate, and control period conformance rate are operation information indicating the degree of conformance of the group's operation to increase the power generation when an instruction to increase the power generation is transmitted, i.e., when a command to increase the power generation is issued. Note that the operation of increasing the power generation includes an operation of resolving a supply shortage by reducing power consumption. Similarly, the command matching rate, initial response rate, and control period conformance rate can be calculated when a group increases power consumption.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the command agreement rate, initial response rate, and control period conformity rate of this embodiment. (1) The command agreement rate indicates the degree of agreement between the command value included in the command and the operation, i.e., the degree of agreement between the command value and the actual value, and is specifically, for example, the ratio of the area between the command value and the actual value, and the smaller the difference in the areas, the higher the command agreement rate. Note that the command value is a command value corresponding to a command to the entire group in the case of characteristic information in group units, and is a command value included in an instruction transmitted to the consumer 20 in the case of characteristic information in consumer 20 units. The command value included in the instruction transmitted to the consumer 20 is an allocation of the command to the entire group, and therefore the command value included in the instruction transmitted to the consumer 20 is also a command value corresponding to a command to the entire group.

[0049] (2) Initial response rate indicates how short the period is from the start of a command to the start of operation. For example, it is the reciprocal of the time from the start of a command to the occurrence of a change in the generated power in response to the command multiplied by a constant. (3) Control period conformity rate indicates the ratio of the period from the start of an operation to the end of the command. In large-scale generators such as fossil fuel generators, (1) command agreement rate and (3) control period conformity rate are generally high and do not pose a problem, but since a group corresponding to a VPP consisting of multiple resources includes various facilities and the situation differs depending on the consumer 20, these values ​​are thought to be lower and have larger variations than those of large-scale generators, making it difficult to predict. In addition, with regard to (2) initial response rate, although it may take some time for a large-scale generator to start operating, the variation is small, but in a group corresponding to a VPP consisting of multiple resources, the variation is thought to be large and difficult to predict.

[0050] In this embodiment, the results of past control are recorded, and the above (1) command agreement rate, (2) initial response rate, and (3) control period conformance rate are calculated using command values ​​and actual values. In detail, for example, the characteristic information generating unit 14 uses the results of multiple past controls to calculate average values ​​or representative values ​​of (1) command agreement rate, (2) initial response rate, and (3) control period conformance rate as the command agreement rate, initial response rate, and control period conformance rate in the characteristic information of each group.

[0051] Furthermore, when the normalized values ​​of the command matching rate, initial response rate, and control period conformance rate in the characteristic information of each group are X, Y, and Z, the characteristic information generating unit 14 calculates the reliability score using the following formula (1). Note that α, β, and γ are weighting coefficients. Note that the command matching rate, initial response rate, and control period conformance rate are normalized so that α+β+γ=1, the maximum value of X+the maximum value of Y+the maximum value of Z=1, and the maximum value of X=the maximum value of Y=the maximum value of Z. Reliability score = α × X + β × Y + γ × Z (1)

[0052] That is, the first reliability score, which is the reliability score shown in the above formula (1), is a value obtained by weighting the command matching rate, the initial response rate, and the control period conformity rate. The command matching rate, the initial response rate, and the control period conformity rate all indicate the reliability of whether or not the control for each group will respond correctly when the power of the resource is controlled. Therefore, by calculating the above formula (1) as the reliability score, it is shown that the higher the reliability score of a group, the more likely it is that the difference between the planned value and the actual value will be reduced when used for control. α, β, and γ can be set according to the user's purpose, such as by increasing the value of an item that the user wants to emphasize. Alternatively, α, β, and γ may be once determined, and the extent to which the difference between the planned value and the actual value has occurred as a result may be evaluated, and if a difference between the planned value and the actual value has occurred, α, β, and γ may be adjusted by feeding back the results, such as by changing any of α, β, and γ and evaluating the result again.

[0053] By calculating each item of the characteristic information described above for each group, when creating a supply and demand plan, it is possible to select a group to be used for power control depending on the purpose, such as whether to prioritize cost or reliability. In addition, by creating a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information of the selected group, it is possible to reduce the difference between the planned value and the actual value. In the above example, the characteristic information includes the contract unit price, the command matching rate, the initial response rate, the control period conformity rate, and the reliability score, but the characteristic information is not limited to this and may include at least one of the contract unit price, the command matching rate, the initial response rate, the control period conformity rate, and the reliability score. In addition, the characteristic information may include items other than those exemplified in FIG. 6.

[0054] Returning to the description of FIG. 4, after step S2, the plan creation unit 16 determines a group to which to instruct the supply or consumption of power based on the baseline and the characteristic information (step S3). That is, when a power shortage occurs in the baseline, the plan creation unit 16 determines a group to which to instruct the increase of generated power as an instruction to supply power. At this time, when the cost (price) is prioritized, the plan creation unit 16 refers to the contract unit price and the controllable amount in the characteristic information, selects a group so that the cost can be minimized and the power shortage can be covered, and determines the control amount of each group. When the reliability is prioritized, the plan creation unit 16 selects a group so that the sum of the reliability scores of the groups to be used is maximized and the power shortage can be covered, and determines the control amount of each group. Alternatively, the plan creation unit 16 may select a group so that the sum of any one of the command matching rate, the initial response rate, and the control period conformity rate is maximized and the power shortage can be covered, and determines the control amount of each group. The plan creation unit 16 may also select a group to be controlled by combining the cost and the reliability. For example, a group may be selected so as to maximize the reliability within a range in which the total cost is equal to or less than a predetermined value.

[0055] Next, the plan creation unit 16 creates a supply and demand plan (step S4) and ends the process. In detail, the plan creation unit 16 determines command values ​​for the resources in the group using the group and control amount selected in step S3, and creates a supply and demand plan based on the baseline and characteristic information of the selected group. This supply and demand plan also includes command values ​​for each resource. The created supply and demand plan is output to the instruction management unit 17 and is also transmitted to the cross-regional operation system 3 via the communication unit 11. The instruction management unit 17 transmits instructions indicating command values ​​for each resource, i.e., each consumer, to the terminal 2 via the communication unit 11 based on the supply and demand plan.

[0056] By the above processing, in this embodiment, the accuracy of the supply and demand plan can be improved. In addition, since a group is selected based on the characteristic information of each group, a group can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, such as prioritizing cost or reliability. For example, the items to be prioritized can be changed depending on the timing, such as prioritizing cost when creating a supply and demand plan for the previous day and prioritizing reliability when creating a supply and demand plan for the current day.

[0057] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the priority of group selection in this embodiment. FIG. 8 shows the priority of group selection in the case where cost is prioritized in the creation of the supply and demand plan of the previous day, and reliability is prioritized in the creation of the supply and demand plan of the current day. The diagram on the right side of FIG. 8 shows the priority of groups selected as targets of power control in the creation of the supply and demand plan on the premise of the contract unit price and reliability score shown on the left side of FIG. 8. As shown on the right side of FIG. 8, in the creation of the supply and demand plan of the previous day, cost is prioritized, so the priority is higher in ascending order of contract unit price, and in the creation of the supply and demand plan of the current day, the reliability score is used as the reliability, so the priority is higher in descending order of reliability score. Therefore, when reliability is prioritized, the plan creation unit 16 selects the groups to be the targets of the command in descending order of reliability score. Note that FIG. 8 shows the priority order, so that the selection is prioritized in ascending order of numerical value. The smaller the numerical value of the priority order, the higher the priority order.

[0058] Furthermore, the characteristic information generating unit 14 can, for example, periodically recalculate the above-mentioned characteristic information to reflect the latest control performance values, and by increasing the number of control performance values ​​used for the calculation, it is possible to calculate characteristic information with higher accuracy.

[0059] Next, the rearrangement of groups in this embodiment will be described. As described above, in this embodiment, characteristic information is calculated for each group. The more homogeneous the resources in a group are, the more accurate the characteristic information of each group becomes. For this reason, the characteristic information generating unit 14 may, for example, periodically calculate the above-mentioned characteristic information and rearrange the groups so as to reduce the variation in the calculated characteristic information. The number of groups may also be increased, decreased, or changed.

[0060] Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a group rearrangement process procedure according to the present embodiment. As shown in Fig. 9, the characteristic information generating unit 14 performs initial grouping (step S11). The initial grouping is performed according to, for example, the contract type and facility type of the contract information.

[0061] Next, the characteristic information generating unit 14 calculates the variation of the characteristic information for each group (step S12). In detail, the characteristic information generating unit 14 calculates the variance or standard deviation of resources within a group as an index indicating the variation for each item of the characteristic information for each group, such as the contract unit price and the initial response rate. The index indicating the variation may be the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of each item within the group. Hereinafter, the index indicating the variation is also simply referred to as the variation.

[0062] Next, the characteristic information generating unit 14 determines whether the variation in the characteristic information for each group is equal to or greater than a threshold (step S13). A threshold is set for each item of the characteristic information, and the characteristic information generating unit 14 compares the variation in each item with the corresponding threshold for each group. If there is at least one group in which one or more items have a variation equal to or greater than the threshold, the characteristic information generating unit 14 determines in step S13 that the variation in the characteristic information is equal to or greater than the threshold.

[0063] If the variation in the characteristic information for each group is equal to or greater than the threshold (Yes in step S13), the characteristic information generator 14 changes the grouping (step S14) and repeats the process from step S12. The grouping may be changed, for example, by selecting any one or more resources from a group whose variation is equal to or greater than the threshold and changing the grouping so that they belong to another group, or by selecting one or more resources from a group whose variation is equal to or greater than the threshold in order of the greatest deviation from the average value within the group for the item whose variation is equal to or greater than the threshold and changing the grouping so that they belong to another group.

[0064] If the variation in the characteristic information for each group is less than the threshold (No in step S13), the group reorganization process is terminated. In this embodiment, the groups are reorganized so that the variation in all items of the characteristic information is equal to or less than the threshold. However, the groups may be reorganized so that the variation in some of the items of the characteristic information is equal to or less than the threshold. For example, if it is desired to reduce the variation in the initial response rate, in step S13, it is determined for each group whether the variation in the initial response rate is equal to or greater than the threshold. Through the above operations, the resources belonging to the groups, i.e., the consumers 20, are changed so that the index indicating the variation is less than the threshold.

[0065] In the above example, the initial grouping is performed first, and then the recombination is performed. Alternatively, the characteristic information may be treated as multidimensional information and clustered in a multidimensional space by machine learning or the like to perform grouping. That is, the characteristic information generating unit 14 may perform grouping by clustering so that consumers 20 with similar characteristic information belong to the same group. FIG. 10 is a diagram that illustrates clustering of resources according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 10, two items of the characteristic information are taken on the horizontal and vertical axes, and points corresponding to each resource are indicated by black circles. In the example illustrated in FIG. 10, the resources are classified into four clusters 301 to 304 by clustering. By grouping each of these clusters 301 to 304 into one group, resources with similar characteristic information can be grouped into one group. Note that FIG. 10 illustrates an example in which clustering is performed by considering two items of the characteristic information, but the number of items considered may be one or more than three.

[0066] Furthermore, the reliability of resources changes due to deterioration over time. For this reason, for example, when the command agreement rate, initial response rate, and control period conformity rate, which are operation information, are calculated using past performance values, they may deviate from the actual situation due to deterioration over time of the resources. Therefore, when calculating these values, a coefficient of deterioration over time is calculated based on manufacturer catalog values, integrated values ​​of past operation performance, etc., and the calculation results of each item are multiplied by the coefficient, thereby making it possible to calculate characteristic information more accurately. In other words, the operation information may be calculated by multiplying a value calculated based on past performance values ​​by a coefficient indicating deterioration over time of the consumer's equipment.

[0067] As described above, in this embodiment, characteristic information indicating the characteristics of each group is generated for each group that bundles together a plurality of resources that are facilities of each consumer 20, and the characteristic information is used to select a group to be used for power control, and the selected result is used to create a supply and demand plan. This makes it possible to reduce the difference between the planned value and the actual value regarding power supply and demand. In addition, by setting the items of characteristic information to be considered when selecting a group according to the purpose of the electric utility company, which is the user, such as cost priority or reliability priority, it is possible to select an appropriate group that matches the purpose of the user. This makes it possible to reduce the user's expense burden by selecting a resource with a low contract unit price. In addition, by selecting a resource with a high reliability, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of penalties due to the occurrence of a difference between the planned value and the actual value, thereby reducing the user's expense burden.

[0068] Embodiment 2 FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a supply and demand management device according to the second embodiment. The supply and demand management device 1a of this embodiment is obtained by adding a market commodity management unit 18 to the supply and demand management device 1 of the first embodiment, and includes a characteristic information generation unit 14a and a plan creation unit 16a instead of the characteristic information generation unit 14 and the plan creation unit 16. The supply and demand management device 1a of this embodiment creates a supply and demand plan in consideration of transactions in the electricity market. That is, the supply and demand plan of this embodiment includes a market trading plan, and the supply and demand management device 1a of this embodiment also functions as a transaction support device that supports transactions in the electricity market. Components having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and duplicated explanations are omitted. Below, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly explained.

[0069] It is desirable for an electric utility to fully understand the characteristics of the resources it manages, place bids based on expected market price fluctuations and product characteristics, and increase profits. In this embodiment, the characteristic information of each group is used to give priority to bidding using groups that are likely to meet market needs, thereby increasing the possibility of a contract being concluded.

[0070] The supply and demand management device 1a of this embodiment acquires requirements of market products and contract results from an electricity market trading system 5 that trades in the electricity market. The contract results include a contract price and a contract amount. The supply and demand management device 1a calculates a market value for each requirement using the requirements of the market product and the contract results. The market value is, for example, a contract rate, but may be a value obtained by multiplying the contract rate by the contract price. Specifically, the market product management unit 18 determines a market value for each requirement using the requirements of the market product and the contract results received via the communication unit 11, and outputs market value information indicating the correspondence between the requirements and the market value to the characteristic information generation unit 14a. In addition, the market product management unit 18 predicts a market price using the actual value of the contract result, and outputs the predicted value to the plan creation unit 16a. The market product management unit 18 may acquire a predicted value of the market price (unit price) from an external device not shown in the figure or the bidding device 6.

[0071] Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an example of market value information of this embodiment. In the example shown in Fig. 12, the requirements include a command matching rate, an initial response rate, and a control period conformance rate, and the numerical values ​​of each item are divided into a plurality of ranges, and the corresponding market value is calculated for each combination of the numerical ranges of each item. Note that the requirements are not limited to the example shown in Fig. 12.

[0072] Although one market may be assumed as the electricity market, here, it is assumed that there are multiple markets such as a capacity market, a supply-demand adjustment market, etc., in addition to wholesale electricity markets such as a spot market and an hourly market. When dealing with multiple markets, the electricity market trading system 5 shown in FIG. 11 is configured with multiple systems for each market. The products handled may differ depending on the market, and the required requirements also differ. For example, in the wholesale electricity market, the amount of electricity in 30-minute units is the product, but in the supply-demand adjustment market, the adjustment capacity is the product. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the market product management unit 18 accumulates past transaction results obtained from the electricity market trading system 5 for each of the markets #1 to #3, and calculates a product value for each combination of the range of the numerical values ​​of each item of the requirement based on the past transaction results. Then, the market product management unit 18 outputs market value information indicating the correspondence between the requirements and the product value to the characteristic information generation unit 14a.

[0073] The characteristic information generating unit 14a generates and stores characteristic information in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The characteristic information generating unit 14a further uses the market value information to determine a market commodity-specific weighting coefficient corresponding to the market value of each group. The market commodity-specific weighting coefficient is a coefficient indicating a value in the power trading market. The characteristic information generating unit 14a uses the characteristic information and market value information for each group to determine which combination of the range of values ​​for each item of the requirements of the market value information the characteristic information of each group belongs to, and sets the market value corresponding to the determined combination as the market value of the group. Then, the characteristic information generating unit 14a determines a market commodity-specific weighting coefficient for each group based on the market value. The market value value itself may be used as the market commodity-specific weighting coefficient, or it may be calculated by multiplying the market value value by a constant. The characteristic information generating unit 14a calculates a reliability score using the market commodity-specific weighting coefficient, for example, by the following formula (2). The market commodity-specific weighting coefficient is C. Reliability score = C(α × X + β × Y + γ × Z) (2)

[0074] That is, the second reliability score is obtained by multiplying the first reliability score described in the first embodiment by the market commodity weighting coefficient. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of characteristic information in this embodiment. The characteristic information may include the market value instead of the market commodity weighting coefficient. Since the market commodity weighting coefficient can also be said to be a characteristic indicating the market value, the market commodity weighting coefficient is also included in the characteristic information in this embodiment. The market commodity weighting coefficient differs depending on the market to be considered. For this reason, the characteristic information generating unit 14a calculates the above-mentioned reliability score for each market, and the plan creating unit 16a only needs to refer to the reliability score corresponding to that market when planning transactions for each market.

[0075] The plan creation unit 16a creates a supply and demand plan based on the baseline, the characteristic information, and the predicted value of the market price. In detail, for example, when creating a plan with priority on cost, the plan creation unit 16a arranges the predicted value of the market price and the contract unit price of each group in ascending order of price for a time period in which a supply shortage occurs in the baseline, and determines the procurement source of power in descending order of price. For example, when the predicted value of the market price is the lowest, a plan is made to procure the shortage through market transactions. Also, if there is a group whose contract unit price is lower than the market price, the group is selected as a control target for increasing the generated power. If a supply shortage occurs even after controlling the group, the group with the next lowest price or market transactions is selected as a procurement source. In this way, the plan creation unit 16a selects the procurement source in descending order of price. Similarly, when an oversupply occurs in the baseline, it is determined in descending order of price whether to sell on the market or to have each group consume.

[0076] In addition, if there is a group whose contract price is lower than the market price, the plan creation unit 16a may create a trading plan to increase the power generation of the group and sell it in the trading market even if there is no supply shortage in the baseline. In this case, too, when creating a plan with a cost priority, the control target groups are selected in ascending order of contract price.

[0077] Furthermore, when creating a plan with a priority on reliability, the plan creation unit 16a also assigns a reliability score to market transactions, and selects a power procurement source in descending order of reliability score for a time period in which a supply shortage occurs in the baseline. Alternatively, when there is a group whose contract unit price is lower than the market price, the plan creation unit 16a may select them as control targets, i.e., command targets, in descending order of priority score, and may plan to procure power from the trading market if there is no group whose contract unit price is lower than the market price. In this way, the plan creation unit 16a can select groups to be command targets in descending order of reliability score. Similarly, when an oversupply occurs in the baseline, targets for power adjustment are selected from market transactions and groups in descending order of reliability score.

[0078] Furthermore, if there is a group whose contract price is lower than the market price, the plan creation unit 16a may create a trading plan to increase the power generation in that group and sell it in the trading market even if there is no supply shortage in the baseline. In this case, when creating a plan with priority on reliability, the control target groups are selected in descending order of reliability score. At this time, as described above, when multiple markets are considered, a reliability score is calculated for each market, so that the plan creation unit 16a selects the control target groups in descending order of reliability for each market. In this embodiment, since the reliability score reflects the market commodity-specific weighting coefficient corresponding to the commodity value of each market for each market, the possibility of contract can be increased by selecting groups in descending order of reliability score.

[0079] Also, a plan may be created by considering both reliability and cost. For example, the plan creation unit 16a may determine an upper limit of the unit price for each time period, and select as a procurement source from among groups of contract unit prices below this upper limit and market transactions in order of reliability score. Also, a group of control targets may be selected in order of reliability score without considering cost. Furthermore, a penalty that occurs when the plan differs from the actual situation is considered for reliability, and the control target group may be selected with a cost priority regarding the cost with reliability taken into consideration.

[0080] As described above, the plan creation unit 16a creates a supply and demand plan including a trading plan by taking market transactions into consideration. Then, similar to the first embodiment, the created supply and demand plan is transmitted to the cross-regional operation system 3 via the communication unit 11. The plan creation unit 16a also transmits the trading plan, which is part of the supply and demand plan, to the bidding device 6. The bidding device 6 submits bids to the electricity market trading system 5 based on the trading plan. The operation of this embodiment other than that described above is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0081] In this embodiment, an example of calculating the reliability score by formula (2) has been shown, but instead, the reliability score by formula (1) may be used. That is, the plan creation unit 16a may select the group to be the target of the command in descending order of the first reliability score calculated by formula (1). In this case, weighting according to the market value is not performed, but the same effect as in the first embodiment can be achieved in creating a supply and demand plan that takes market transactions into consideration.

[0082] As described above, in this embodiment, the supply and demand management device 1a uses characteristic information for each group to create a supply and demand plan that takes market trading into consideration. This provides the same effects as in the first embodiment, and allows the selection of a more appropriate power supply source from the trading market and the resources managed by the device itself. In addition, weighting the reliability score according to the market value increases the possibility of a contract.

[0083] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and may be combined with other known technologies, or the embodiments may be combined with each other. Also, parts of the configurations may be omitted or modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0084] 1,1a supply and demand management device, 2-1 to 2-n terminals, 3 cross-regional operation system, 4 information distribution system, 5 electricity market trading system, 6 bidding device, 11 communication unit, 12 performance information recording unit, 13 additional information recording unit, 14,14a characteristic information generation unit, 15 baseline creation unit, 16,16a plan creation unit, 17 instruction management unit, 18 market product management unit.

Claims

1. a baseline creation unit that creates a baseline, which is a predicted value of power supply and demand of the plurality of consumers, based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation of the plurality of consumers; a characteristic information generating unit that divides at least a portion of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups and generates, for each group, characteristic information indicating characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity for the group; a plan creation unit that selects the group to be the target of a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation based on the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group; Equipped with the characteristic information includes operation information indicating a degree of agreement of the operation of the group to increase the power generation in response to the command, A supply and demand management device characterized in that the operation information includes a first reliability score which is a weighted sum of a command agreement rate indicating the degree of agreement with a command value corresponding to the command, an initial response rate indicating the shortness of the period from the start of the command to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating the ratio of the period of the operation from the start to the end of the operation to the period from the start to the end of the command.

2. 2. The supply and demand management device according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic information includes a contract unit price when the group makes the change based on the command.

3. The supply and demand management device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plan creation unit selects the groups to be the targets of the command in descending order of the first reliability score.

4. The plan creation unit creates the supply and demand plan including a trading plan in the electricity trading market, 4. The supply and demand management device according to claim 1, wherein the operation information includes a second reliability score obtained by multiplying the first reliability score by a coefficient indicating a value in the electricity trading market.

5. A baseline creation unit that generates a baseline, which is a predicted value of power supply and demand of a plurality of consumers based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation of the plurality of consumers; a characteristic information generating unit that divides at least a portion of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups and generates, for each group, characteristic information indicating characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity for the group; a plan creation unit that selects the group to be the target of a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation based on the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group; Equipped with the characteristic information includes operation information indicating a degree of agreement of the operation of the group to increase the power generation in response to the command, The operation information includes at least one of a command agreement rate indicating a degree of agreement between a command value included in the command and the operation, an initial response rate indicating a shortness of a period from the start of the command to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating a ratio of a period from the start to the end of the operation to a period from the start to the end of the command, A supply and demand management device characterized in that the operational information is calculated by multiplying a value calculated based on past actual values ​​by a coefficient indicating deterioration of the customer's equipment over time.

6. an instruction management unit that transmits an instruction corresponding to the command to a terminal that controls the power of the consumer belonging to the selected group; The supply and demand management device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

7. 7. The supply and demand management device according to claim 1, wherein each of the groups is composed of the consumers having the same contract type.

8. The supply and demand management device of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that when an index indicating the variation in the characteristic information of the consumers belonging to one of the groups is equal to or greater than a threshold value, the characteristic information generation unit changes the consumers belonging to the group so that the index indicating the variation becomes less than the threshold value.

9. The supply and demand management device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the characteristic information generation unit performs the grouping by performing clustering so that the consumers with similar characteristic information belong to the same group.

10. a baseline creation unit that creates a baseline, which is a predicted value of power supply and demand of the plurality of consumers, based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation of the plurality of consumers; a characteristic information generating unit that divides at least a portion of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups and generates, for each group, characteristic information indicating characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity for the group; a plan creation unit that selects the group to be a target of a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation based on the characteristic information, and creates a trading plan in the energy trading market using the characteristic information corresponding to the selected group and the baseline; Equipped with the characteristic information includes operation information indicating a degree of agreement of the operation of the group to increase the power generation in response to the command, A transaction support device characterized in that the operation information includes a first reliability score which is a weighted sum of a command agreement rate indicating the degree of agreement with a command value corresponding to the command, an initial response rate indicating the shortness of the period from the start of the command to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating the ratio of the period of the operation from the start to the end of the operation to the period from the start to the end of the command.

11. a baseline creation step in which the supply and demand management device generates a baseline, which is a predicted value of power supply and demand of the multiple consumers, based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation of the multiple consumers; a characteristic information generating step in which the supply and demand management device divides at least a portion of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups, and generates, for each group, characteristic information indicating characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity for the group; a plan creation step in which the supply and demand management device selects the group to be targeted for a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation based on the characteristic information, and creates a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information corresponding to the selected group and the baseline; Including, the characteristic information includes operation information indicating a degree of agreement of the operation of the group to increase the power generation in response to the command, A supply and demand management method characterized in that the operation information includes a first reliability score which is a weighted sum of a command agreement rate indicating the degree of agreement with a command value corresponding to the command, an initial response rate indicating the shortness of the period from the start of the command to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating the ratio of the period of the operation from the start to the end of the operation to the period from the start to the end of the command.

12. a baseline creation step of generating a baseline which is a predicted value of power supply and demand of the plurality of consumers based on actual values ​​of power consumption and power generation of the plurality of consumers; a characteristic information generating step of dividing at least a portion of the plurality of consumers into a plurality of groups and generating characteristic information for each of the groups that indicates characteristics related to the supply and demand of electricity; a plan creation step of selecting the group to be the target of a command to change at least one of power consumption and power generation based on the characteristic information, and creating a supply and demand plan using the characteristic information and the baseline corresponding to the selected group; on the computer, the characteristic information includes operation information indicating a degree of agreement of the operation of the group to increase the power generation in response to the command, A supply and demand management program characterized in that the operation information includes a first reliability score which is a weighted sum of a command agreement rate indicating the degree of agreement with a command value corresponding to the command, an initial response rate indicating the shortness of the period from the start of the command to the start of the operation, and a control period conformance rate indicating the ratio of the period of the operation from the start to the end of the operation to the period from the start to the end of the command.

Images