Power interchange control device and power interchange method

Abstract

To provide a power transfer control device for performing a power transaction between a storage battery of an electric apparatus which moves even during power transmission or power reception and a power system, and a power transfer method using the power transfer control device.SOLUTION: A power transfer control device is a control device for performing power transfer between an electric apparatus having a storage battery and a power system, and includes an electric apparatus position information acquisition part for acquiring position information of the electric apparatus, a storage part for storing position information of a plurality of wireless power transfer devices connected to the power system for performing wireless power transfer to / from the storage battery of the electric apparatus, a wireless power transfer device identification part for identifying a wireless power transfer device for enabling wireless power transfer among a plurality of wireless power transfer devices from the position of the electric apparatus acquired from the electric apparatus position information acquisition part and from the positions of the wireless power transfer devices stored in the storage part, and a power transfer instruction part for instructing power transfer between the storage battery of the electric apparatus and the identified wireless power transfer device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for utilizing the power stored in a storage battery of an electric device or the free capacity of the storage battery of an electric device for a VPP. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a technique has been disclosed for charging a storage battery of an electric vehicle, in which the user using the charging device and the watt-hour meter of the charging device are identified, and charging billing information for the charging is presented to the user (Patent Document 1). Furthermore, there is a technology for using power stored in a storage battery of a portable electronic device in power trading (Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-508270 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2015-115983 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] It is being considered to use the storage batteries installed in electric vehicles for power trading, which transmits and receives electricity between the power grid and the storage batteries, called VPP (Virtual Power Plant).When the storage batteries of electric vehicles are used for VPP, the electric vehicles are stopped and connected to the power transmission and reception device by cables. In this case, the electric vehicle storage battery and the power transmitting / receiving device that transmits and receives power correspond one-to-one, so it is easy to know which electric vehicle storage battery is trading power with which power transmitting / receiving device.

[0005] However, if the storage battery used in the VPP is a storage battery of an electrical device that moves when transmitting or receiving electricity, it is difficult to trade electricity using the above-mentioned conventional method using the electricity transmitting and receiving device. This is because the electricity transmitting and receiving device is fixed and cannot accommodate the movement of the storage battery used in the VPP.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a power interchange control device that performs power trading between a storage battery of an electric device that is mobile even when transmitting or receiving power, and a power grid, and a power interchange method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The power interchange control device of the present invention is a control device that exchanges power between an electrical device having a storage battery and a power system, and includes an electrical device position information acquisition unit that acquires position information of the electrical device, a storage unit that stores position information of a plurality of wireless power transfer devices connected to the power system that transfers wireless power between the storage battery of the electrical device, a wireless power transfer device identification unit that identifies a wireless power transfer device capable of wireless power transfer among the plurality of wireless power transfer devices based on the position of the electrical device acquired from the electrical device position information acquisition unit and the positions of the wireless power transfer devices stored in the storage unit, and a power interchange instruction unit that instructs power interchange between the storage battery of the electrical device and the identified wireless power transfer device. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to specify a wireless power transfer device that transfers power between a storage battery of an electric device and a wireless power transfer device connected to a power grid, thereby enabling power to be transferred between the storage battery of the electric device and the power grid via the wireless power transfer device. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a power interchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power interchange control device 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control unit 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention (referred to as the present embodiment) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, etc. The present embodiment is a control device that exchanges power between an electrical device having a storage battery and a power system.

[0011] [Power interchange system 100] 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a power interchange system 100 using a power interchange control device of this embodiment. As shown in FIG 1, the power interchange system 100 includes a power interchange control device 1, a power system 2, a wireless power transfer device 3, an electric device 4, and a network 5.

[0012] For convenience of explanation, one wireless power transmission device 3 and one electric device are shown in FIG. 1, but in practice, a plurality of wireless power transmission devices 3 and a plurality of electric devices 4 are used.

[0013] The power system 2 includes, for example, a power transmission network, a power distribution network, a substation, etc. Electricity suppliers and consumers (hereinafter also referred to as “users”) exchange electric power through the power system 2.

[0014] The wireless power transfer device 3 performs unidirectional or bidirectional wireless power transfer from the power system 2 to the storage battery of the electric device 4 or from the storage battery of the electric device 4 to the power system 2. Power transfer means either or both of power transmission and power reception. Moreover, wireless power transfer means performing the above-mentioned power transfer using wireless power transmission technology. Examples of wireless power transmission techniques include a method using radio wave reception, a method using electromagnetic induction, and a method using magnetic field resonance. Among these, a method using radio wave reception is preferable from the viewpoint of the distance at which power can be transmitted. In addition, the wireless power transfer device 3 is preferably provided with a function for changing the transmission direction of radio waves in accordance with the movement of the electrical device 4 when wireless power transfer is performed between the wireless power transfer device 3 and the electrical device 4.

[0015] The wireless power transfer device 3 is a device capable of communicating with the power interchange control device 1 via a network 5 described later. The wireless power transfer device 3 also includes a watt-hour meter. The wireless power transfer device 3 transmits information on the amount of power transferred to the electric device 4 or the amount of power transferred from the electric device 4, which is acquired by the watt-hour meter, to the power interchange control device 1 via the network 5. The information on the amount of power is stored in a storage unit 30 described later.

[0016] The wireless power transfer device 3 may be installed either outdoors or indoors. Examples of outdoor installation locations include utility poles, street lights, exterior walls of buildings, road surfaces, etc. Examples of indoor installation locations include commercial facilities, train stations, and homes.

[0017] The electric device 4 includes a storage battery. The electric device 4 also includes a power transfer interface that can transmit power from the storage battery to the outside and / or receive power from the outside to the storage battery. The power transfer interface uses wireless power transmission technology. The electric device 4 includes a storage battery monitoring unit that monitors the state of the storage battery. The storage battery monitoring unit acquires the remaining charge of the storage battery and the amount of power transmitted or received by the storage battery, etc. Furthermore, the electric appliance 4 is an appliance capable of communicating with the power interchange control device 1 via a network 5, which will be described later. The electric appliance 4 transmits electric appliance information, including the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric appliance 4 and location information indicating the location of the electric appliance 4, to the power interchange control device 1 via the network 5 at regular time intervals (for example, every 10 minutes). The electric appliance information is stored in a storage unit 30, which will be described later.

[0018] The electrical device 4 acquires location information by, for example, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a beacon receiver, a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) receiver, or the like.

[0019] Examples of the electric device 4 include portable electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, mobile phones, notebook PCs (personal computers), game consoles, digital cameras, and video cameras, as well as electric mobility such as electric cars and electric motorcycles.

[0020] The network 5 is, for example, a computer network capable of communicating by Internet Protocol (IP). The network 5 also includes a local area network (LAN) and a mobile phone network. The network 5 may also be connected to the Internet.

[0021] <Power interchange control device 1> As shown in FIG. 2, the power interchange control device 1 includes a control unit 10, a storage unit 30, and a communication unit 40.

[0022] The control unit 10 controls the entire power interchange control device 1. The control unit 10 is composed of an arithmetic processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). As shown in Fig. 3, various functions of the control unit 10, that is, an electric device position information acquisition unit 11, a wireless power transfer device identification unit 12, a power interchange instruction unit 13, an electric device remaining charge acquisition unit 14, a power transfer efficiency acquisition unit 15, a wireless power transfer device switching unit 16, a wireless power transfer device watt-hour meter identification unit 17, a user watt-hour meter identification unit 18, and a watt-hour meter adjustment unit 19, are realized by executing predetermined software (programs or applications) stored in the storage unit 30, for example. The various functions of the control unit 10, i.e., the electrical device position information acquisition unit 11, the wireless power transfer device identification unit 12, the power interchange instruction unit 13, the electrical device remaining charge acquisition unit 14, the power transfer efficiency acquisition unit 15, the wireless power transfer device switching unit 16, the wireless power transfer device power meter identification unit 17, the user power meter identification unit 18, and the power meter adjustment unit 19, may be realized by a combination of hardware and software, or may be realized by hardware (electronic circuits) alone.

[0023] The storage unit 30 stores predetermined software (programs or applications). The storage unit 30 is configured with a rewritable memory such as a read only memory (ROM), a hard disc drive (HDD), or a solid state drive (SSD).

[0024] The storage unit 30 stores information transmitted from the wireless power transfer devices 3 and the electric devices 4. The storage unit 30 also stores in advance information necessary for power interchange, such as location information of the multiple wireless power transfer devices 3, user information of the electric devices 4, and electricity contract information of the household to which the user of the electric device 4 belongs.

[0025] The communication unit 40 transmits and receives information acquired by the wireless power transfer device 3 and the electric device 4 via the network 5, and a control signal from the power interchange control device 1.

[0026] The electric appliance position information acquisition unit 11 acquires the position information of the electric appliance 4 .

[0027] The wireless power transfer device identifying unit 12 identifies the wireless power transfer device 3 capable of transmitting power to the electric device 4, based on the position information of the electric device 4 and the position information of the wireless power transfer device 3 stored in the storage unit 30. The identified wireless power transfer device 3 may be a plurality of identified wireless power transfer devices 3. The wireless power transfer device 3 is identified based on, for example, whether it is within a predetermined distance (for example, within 10 m) from the position of the electric device 4. The predetermined distance can be set within a distance range in which the wireless power transmission technology used in the wireless power transfer device 3 and the electric device 4 can transfer wireless power.

[0028] The power interchange instructing unit 13 instructs the power device 4 and the wireless power transfer device 3 to interchange power by wireless power transfer between the electric device 4 and the identified wireless power transfer device 3. The instruction to interchange power may be an instruction for a plurality of identified wireless power transfer devices 3 to transfer wireless power to one electric device 4.

[0029] The electric device remaining charge acquisition unit 14 acquires the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 from the electric device 4. The power interchange instruction unit 13 determines the start and end of power interchange between the storage battery of the electric device 4 and the identified wireless power transfer device 3 based on the remaining charge.

[0030] The start of power interchange is determined, for example, as follows. Power transmission from the identified wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electric device 4 starts when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is less than a reference value (for example, less than 90%). Moreover, power transmission from the storage battery of the electric device 4 to the identified wireless power transfer device 3 starts when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is equal to or greater than a reference value (for example, 51% or greater). The two reference values ​​can be set by the user of the electrical device 4 to any value.

[0031] The end of power interchange is determined, for example, as follows. Power transmission from the identified wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electric device 4 ends when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is equal to or greater than a reference value (eg, 90% or greater). Moreover, power transmission from the storage battery of the electric device 4 to the identified wireless power transfer device 3 is terminated when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is less than a reference value (for example, less than 51%). The two reference values ​​can be set by the user of the electrical device 4 to any value.

[0032] When the power supply is predicted to exceed the power demand (hereinafter, "when there is excess power generation") or when the power demand is predicted to exceed the power supply (hereinafter, "when there is insufficient power generation"), the electric utility may change the reference value that determines the start or end of power interchange, or both of the reference values, between the identified wireless power transfer device 3 and the storage battery of the electric device 4. The change of the reference value may be made with the permission of the user of the electric device 4. The permission of the user of the electric device 4 may be obtained by the electric utility notifying the user of the electric device 4 when there is excess power generation or insufficient power generation, or the permission may be obtained in advance from the user of the electric device 4.

[0033] The reference value is changed, for example, as follows. The power transmission from the identified wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electric device 4 in the case where the amount of power generation is excessive will be described. Assume that the user of the electric device 4 has set the standard value for starting power transfer when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is less than 90% and the standard value for ending power transfer when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is 90% or more. With the permission of the user of the electric device 4, the electric utility can change the standard value for starting power transfer to when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is less than 100% and the standard value for ending power transfer to when the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device 4 is 100%. The case where power generation is insufficient will be described with regard to power transmission from the storage battery of the electric device 4 to the specified wireless power transfer device 3. Assume that the user of electric device 4 has set the standard value for starting power transfer when the remaining charge of the storage battery of said electric device 4 is 51% or more, and the standard value for ending power transfer when the remaining charge of the storage battery of said electric device 4 is less than 51%. With the permission of the user of said electric device 4, the electric utility can change the standard value for starting power transfer to when the remaining charge of the storage battery of said electric device 4 is 31% or more, and the standard value for ending power transfer to when the remaining charge of the storage battery of said electric device 4 is less than 31%.

[0034] The power transfer efficiency acquisition unit 15 acquires the efficiency of power transfer by wireless power transfer between the storage battery of the electric device 4 and the wireless power transfer device 3.

[0035] The power transfer efficiency is calculated, for example, in the following manner. When wirelessly transferring power from the wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electrical device 4, the amount of power transferred from the wireless power transfer device 3 is E 3t The amount of power received by the storage battery of the electrical device 4 is E 4r The power transfer efficiency is calculated using the following formula (a). E 4r / E 3t (a) In addition, when wirelessly transferring power from the storage battery of the electric device 4 to the wireless power transfer device 3, the amount of power transmitted from the storage battery of the electric device 4 is E 4t Let the amount of received power from the wireless power transfer device 3 be E 3r The power transfer efficiency is calculated using the following formula (b). E 3r / E 4t (b)

[0036] The wireless power transfer device switching unit 16 switches the wireless power transfer device 3 that performs wireless power transfer with the storage battery of the electrical device 4 to a wireless power transfer device 3 other than the identified wireless power transfer device 3 described above, based on whether the acquired power transfer efficiency is equal to or greater than a reference value (e.g., 80% or greater).

[0037] For example, if the power transfer efficiency obtained by formula (a) or (b) is less than a reference value, the wireless power transfer device identifying unit 12 identifies a different wireless power transfer device 3 that is capable of wirelessly transferring power to the storage battery of the electric device 4.

[0038] The power interchange instruction unit 13 issues an instruction to interchange power between the storage battery of the power device 4 and the wireless power transfer device 3 by the identified different wireless power transfer device 3 .

[0039] When the power transfer efficiency between the storage battery of the electric device 4 and any of the identified different wireless power transfer devices 3 is less than the above-mentioned reference value, the power interchange instruction unit 13 issues an instruction to end the power interchange.

[0040] The wireless power transfer device watthour meter identifying unit 17 identifies the watthour meter (hereinafter, watthour meter A) that measures the amount of power of the wireless power transfer device 3 performing wireless power transfer with the storage battery of the electric device 4.

[0041] The user watt-hour meter identification unit 18 acquires user information of the electric device 4 from the storage unit 30. Furthermore, the user watt-hour meter identification unit 18 acquires, based on the user information, an electricity contract of the household to which the user of the electric device 4 belongs from the storage unit 30. Based on the electricity contract information, the watt-hour meter used by the household to which the user belongs (hereinafter, watt-hour meter B) is identified.

[0042] The watthour meter adjustment unit 19 adjusts the amounts of power measured by the watthour meter A and the watthour meter B, respectively, as a result of wireless power transfer between the wireless power transfer device 3 and the storage battery of the electric device 4.

[0043] The adjustment of the amount of power by the watthour meter A and the watthour meter B is performed, for example, as follows. When wireless power transfer is performed from the wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electrical device 4, the amount of power transferred wirelessly is measured by watt-hour meter A. The power related to this amount of power is used by the user of the electrical device 4. Therefore, the user of the electrical device 4 is responsible for the fee related to the amount of power measured by watt-hour meter A. Therefore, the watt-hour meter adjustment unit 19 adjusts the amount of power measured by watt-hour meter A from the measurement value of watt-hour meter B. Furthermore, when wireless power transfer is performed from the storage battery of the electrical device 4 to the wireless power transfer device 3, the amount of power transferred wirelessly is measured by watt-hour meter A. The power related to this amount of power is sold by the user of the electrical device 4 to the electric utility company. Therefore, the profit from selling the power related to the amount of power measured by watt-hour meter A is obtained by the user of the electrical device 4. Therefore, the watt-hour meter adjustment unit 19 adjusts the amount of power measured by watt-hour meter A from the measurement value of watt-hour meter B.

[0044] Specifically, when 5 Wh of power is transmitted from the wireless power transfer device 3 to the storage battery of the electrical equipment 4, 5 Wh is subtracted from the supply indication number of the electricity meter A (a value indicating the amount of power transmitted from the electric utility to the consumer) and 5 Wh is added to the supply indication number of the electricity meter B. In addition, when 5 Wh of power is transmitted from the storage battery of the electrical equipment 4 to the wireless power transfer device 3, 5 Wh is subtracted from the receiving indication number of the electricity meter A (a value indicating the amount of power transmitted from the consumer to the electric power supplier) and 5 Wh is added to the receiving indication number of the electricity meter B.

[0045] As described above, the present inventors provide the following (1) to (4). (1) A control device that exchanges power between an electrical device 4 having a storage battery and a power grid 2, an electrical device position information acquisition unit 11 that acquires position information of an electrical device 4; A storage unit 30 that stores location information of a plurality of wireless power transfer devices 3 connected to a power system 2 that performs wireless power transfer between a storage battery of an electric device 4 and the power system 2; a wireless power transfer device identification unit that identifies a wireless power transfer device that is capable of wireless power transfer among a plurality of wireless power transfer devices based on the position of the electrical device acquired from the electrical device position information acquisition unit and the position of the wireless power transfer device stored in the storage unit; a power interchange instruction unit that instructs an interchange of power between the storage battery of the electric device and the identified wireless power transfer device; The power interchange control device 1 is provided with: (2) an electrical device remaining charge acquisition unit 14 that acquires the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electrical device 4; a power interchange instruction unit that instructs a wireless power transfer device that is identified as the storage battery of the electric device to transmit or receive power based on the remaining charge of the storage battery of the electric device; a power transfer efficiency acquisition unit that acquires a power transfer efficiency between the storage battery of the electric device and the identified wireless power transfer device; a wireless power transfer device switching unit that switches the identified wireless power transfer device that transfers wireless power to the storage battery of the electrical device to a wireless power transfer device that is different from the identified wireless power transfer device among the multiple wireless power transfer devices, based on the power transfer efficiency acquired by the power transfer efficiency acquisition unit; The power interchange control device 1 according to (1) is provided with: (3) a wireless power transmission device watthour meter identification unit 17 that identifies the watthour meter of the identified wireless power transmission device 3; A storage unit 30 for storing power contract information of a user of the electrical device 4; a user watt-hour meter identification unit 18 that identifies a watt-hour meter used under a user's power contract based on power contract information; a watthour meter adjustment unit that adjusts a measurement value of the watthour meter of the identified wireless power transfer device and a measurement value of a watthour meter used in a user's power contract based on a wireless power transfer amount indicated by the watthour meter of the identified wireless power transfer device; The power interchange control device 1 according to (1) or (2) is provided with: (4) A power interchange method using the power interchange control device 1 described in (1) to (3).

[0046] This allows electric power to be exchanged between the storage battery of the moving electric device 4 and the electric power system 2 via the wireless power transfer device 3 even when transmitting or receiving electric power.

[0047] Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made to the present embodiment without departing from the spirit of the invention. The present embodiment and its modifications are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as described in the claims, as well as in the scope and spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 100 Power Exchange System 1. Power interchange control device 2 Power system 3 Wireless power transfer device 4. Electrical Equipment 10 Control section 11 Electrical equipment location information acquisition unit 12 Wireless power transfer device identification section 13 Power interchange instruction department 14 Electrical device remaining charge acquisition unit 15 Power transfer efficiency acquisition section 16 Wireless power transfer device switching unit 17 Wireless power transfer device power meter specification section 18 User power meter identification section 19 Energy meter adjustment section 30 Preservation Department 40 Communications Department

Claims

1. A power interchange system that interchanges power between an electrical device having a storage battery and a power grid, The power interchange system includes a power interchange control device and a wireless power transfer device, The power interchange control device includes: an electrical device position information acquisition unit that acquires position information of the electrical device; a storage unit configured to store location information of a plurality of wireless power transfer devices connected to the power grid that perform wireless power transfer with the storage battery of the electrical device; a wireless power transfer device identification unit that identifies a wireless power transfer device capable of wireless power transfer among the plurality of wireless power transfer devices based on the position of the electrical device acquired from the electrical device position information acquisition unit and the positions of the wireless power transfer devices stored in the storage unit; a power interchange instruction unit that instructs an interchange of power between the storage battery of the electrical device and the identified wireless power transmission device; Equipped with The wireless power transfer device includes: This is a device that exchanges power by receiving radio waves. A function for changing the transmission direction of radio waves in accordance with the movement of the electrical device, The power interchange control device, an electrical device remaining charge acquisition unit that acquires a remaining charge of a storage battery of the electrical device; the power interchange instruction unit instructing the storage battery of the electrical device and the specified wireless power transfer device to transmit or receive power based on a remaining charge of the storage battery of the electrical device; a power transfer efficiency acquisition unit that acquires a power transfer efficiency between a storage battery of the electrical device and the specified wireless power transfer device; a wireless power transfer device switching unit that switches the identified wireless power transfer device that performs wireless power transfer between the storage battery of the electrical device and the identified wireless power transfer device to a wireless power transfer device other than the identified wireless power transfer device among the plurality of wireless power transfer devices based on the power transfer efficiency acquired by the power transfer efficiency acquisition unit; The power interchange system includes:

2. The power interchange control device, a wireless power transmission device watt-hour meter identification unit that identifies a watt-hour meter of the identified wireless power transmission device; The storage unit stores power contract information of the user of the electrical appliance; a user watt-hour meter identification unit that identifies a watt-hour meter used under the user's power contract based on the power contract information; a watt-hour meter adjustment unit that adjusts a measurement value of the watt-hour meter of the specified wireless power transmission device and a measurement value of a watt-hour meter used in a power contract of the user based on a wireless power transmission amount indicated by the watt-hour meter of the specified wireless power transmission device; The power interchange system according to claim 1 .

3. A power interchange method utilizing the power interchange system according to claim 1 or 2.

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