Earth retaining structure

Abstract

To provide an earth retaining structure that suppresses deviation in strength and rigidity of each connection part.SOLUTION: An earth retaining structure is constructed by connecting a plurality of earth retaining members 10 using a plurality of connecting metal fittings 20 in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction, the earth retaining members having ends positioned in a deviated way in the first direction; the plurality of earth retaining members 10 holds sediment of the ground to form a space, and each of the plurality of earth retaining members 10 has a flange part, through which a connecting hole is formed in a thickness direction thereof. Each of the plurality of connecting metal fittings 20 has a connecting metal fitting body, an insertion part formed by bending an end of the connecting metal fitting body in a side direction of the connecting metal fitting body, and a pinching part formed by bending in a U-shape the other end of the connecting metal fitting body in the side direction; here, the insertion part is inserted into the connecting hole and the pinching part is pinched while being overlapped with the flange part of each of the plurality of earth retaining members 10. The plurality of connecting metal fittings 20 includes a first connecting metal fitting, and a second connecting metal fitting installed with a side surface facing a direction other than that toward the first connecting metal fitting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an earth retaining structure constructed on the ground, and in particular to an earth retaining structure constructed by connecting the flange portions of multiple earth retaining members with connecting fittings. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, civil engineering structures such as shafts for constructing the foundations of structures, underground collection wells, and retaining walls on slopes have been constructed using earth retaining structures that are made by connecting earth retaining members and other earth retaining components to form a ring-shaped or horseshoe-shaped (U-shaped) wall.

[0003] This type of earth retaining structure has the advantage that each of the earth retaining members is lightweight and can be easily constructed by hand, even in mountainous areas where large heavy machinery cannot be used. For example, when constructing a shaft with a small inner diameter, one worker can enter the shaft and connect the earth retaining members.

[0004] Although retaining members can be connected to each other with bolts and nuts, when a single worker connects retaining members, it is difficult and time-consuming to pass the bolt through the connecting hole formed in the flange portion of the retaining member. Therefore, by connecting the flange portions of the retaining members to each other using connecting fittings that have an insertion portion that is inserted into the connecting hole and a clamping portion that clamps the flange portion, the worker can perform the connecting work while supporting the retaining member with one hand.

[0005] The connecting fitting connects the retaining members by overlapping and clamping the flanges of the retaining members with the clamping part. The tip of the insertion part of the connecting fitting is bent into an L-shape so that the tip abuts against the periphery of the connection hole formed in the flanges of the retaining members. This makes the flanges of the retaining members supported at two points, the tip of the insertion part and the clamping part, making the connection strong (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-2634 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Since an earth-retaining structure is constructed by combining multiple earth-retaining members, when earth pressure is applied from the ground, the joints between the multiple earth-retaining members are prone to displacement. In particular, as in Patent Document 1, the earth-retaining structure uses connecting metal fittings to connect the multiple earth-retaining members, which makes it easy to connect the multiple earth-retaining members while ensuring the connecting force between them. However, when multiple earth-retaining members are connected to each other using connecting metal fittings, there is a problem in that the strength and rigidity of the earth-retaining structure varies in some of the connecting parts because the connecting metal fittings have a directional property.

[0008] The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides an earth retaining structure in which the variation in strength and rigidity of each connecting part is reduced. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The retaining structure according to the present invention is constructed by connecting a plurality of retaining members, the ends of which are shifted in a first direction, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction using a plurality of connecting members, and is an earth retaining structure that holds back earth in the ground with the plurality of retaining members to form a space, wherein each of the plurality of retaining members has a main body that is arranged along the ground, and a flange portion that protrudes from an edge of the main body in the second direction toward the space, and a connecting hole is formed in the flange portion that penetrates in a thickness direction of the flange portion, and the plurality of connecting members include a plurality of connecting fittings, and the plurality of connecting fittings are attached to a connecting portion formed by overlapping the flange portions of the plurality of adjacent earth retaining members. The connecting fitting comprises a connecting fixture body, an insertion portion formed by bending one end of a member constituting the connecting fixture body toward one side of the connecting fixture body, and a clamping portion formed by bending the other end of the member constituting the connecting fixture body into a U-shape toward the one side, wherein the insertion portion is inserted into the connecting hole formed in each of the plurality of adjacent earth-retaining members, and the clamping portion clamps the flange portions of the plurality of adjacent earth-retaining members in an overlapping state, and the plurality of connecting fittings include a first connecting fitting and a second connecting fitting installed on the connecting portion with the one side facing in a different direction relative to the first connecting fitting. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, by partially changing the direction of the connecting fittings, the earth-retaining structure can maintain the connection between the earth-retaining members with the connecting fittings even if the earth-retaining members are displaced by an external force such as earth pressure. This makes it possible for the earth-retaining structure to reduce variation in strength and rigidity of each connection between the earth-retaining members. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an oblique view of an earth retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. [Diagram 2] 1 is a plan view and a cross-sectional structural diagram of an earth retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. FIG. [Diagram 3]2 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the axial connecting portion 11 and the connecting portion 12 of the earth-retaining member 10 of the earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a cross-sectional view of an earth retaining member 10 according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 5] 1 is a cross-sectional view of an earth retaining member 10 according to a first embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 is an oblique view of a connecting fitting 20 that connects the earth-retaining members 10 of the earth-retaining structure 100 of embodiment 1. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a top view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 7 is a side view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. [Figure 9] 7 is a bottom view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. FIG. [Figure 10] 2 is an oblique view of a connecting fitting 20 attached to an earth retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. FIG. [Figure 11] 2 is an oblique view of a connecting fitting 20 attached to an earth retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. FIG. [Figure 12] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a first earth retaining member 10a of an earth retaining structure 1100 according to a comparative example of the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment is subjected to earth pressure. [Figure 13] 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a first earth retaining member 10a of the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment is subjected to earth pressure. FIG. [Figure 14] 1 is a perspective view of a connecting fitting 120 which is a modified example of the connecting fitting 20 according to the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 15] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an earth retaining structure 200 according to embodiment 2. FIG. [Figure 16] 1 is an oblique view of an earth retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 3. FIG. [Figure 17] 17 is an enlarged oblique view of the periphery of the axial connection portion 11 of the earth retaining structure 100 of FIG. 16. FIG. [Figure 18] 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an earth-retaining member 10 of an earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 3 is displaced by earth pressure. FIG. [Figure 19] 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of connecting fittings 20 of an earth retaining structure 400 according to embodiment 4. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] The earth retaining structure 100 and earth retaining member 10 according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relative dimensional relationship and shape of each component may differ from the actual ones. In addition, in the following drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same or equivalent items, and this applies throughout the entire specification. In addition, to facilitate understanding, terms indicating directions (e.g., up, down, left, right, front, rear, front and back, etc.) are used as appropriate, but these notations are for the convenience of explanation and do not limit the arrangement, direction or orientation of devices, instruments, parts, etc.

[0013] Embodiment 1 [Earth retaining structure 100] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view and a cross-sectional structural view of the retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the axial connecting portion 11 and the connecting portion 12 of the retaining member 10 of the retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 2(b). The retaining structure 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The retaining structure 100 is, for example, a civil engineering structure such as a vertical shaft for constructing the foundation of a structure or a drainage well constructed in the ground, and is constructed inside a vertical hole formed by excavating the ground. In the following description, the outside of the retaining structure 100 is called the natural ground 92, and the inside is called the space portion 93. In the first embodiment, the retaining structure 100 is formed in a circular pipe shape, but is not limited to a circular pipe shape. The retaining structure 100 can be formed in an oval, elliptical, rectangular, oval, or horseshoe shape in a plan view, and is not limited to a pipe shape. 2 indicates the radial direction of the earth-retaining structure 100, the θ direction is the circumferential direction, and the z direction is the height direction. The θ direction coincides with the longitudinal direction of the earth-retaining member 10 and is referred to as the first direction. The z direction coincides with the width direction of the earth-retaining member 10 and is referred to as the second direction. In the first embodiment, the z direction coincides with the direction of gravity, but is not limited to this and may be inclined toward the direction of gravity.

[0014] The retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment has a structure in which a plurality of retaining members 10 are connected by a plurality of connecting members to form annular bodies 50, and the annular bodies 50 are connected to each other in the axial direction by a plurality of connecting members. The retaining structure 100 shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 has a structure in which annular bodies 50A and 50B are alternately stacked in six stages in the z direction.

[0015] [Annular body 50] Each annular body 50 constituting the earth-retaining structure 100 is configured by connecting a plurality of earth-retaining members 10 in the θ direction, and is formed by connecting the longitudinal ends of the earth-retaining members 10 to each other. The earth-retaining members 10 include a main body 14 (see Figs. 4 and 5) corrugated in the width direction, i.e., the z direction, and flat connecting plates 19 at both ends of the main body 14 in the longitudinal direction, i.e., the θ direction. The connecting plates 19 are welded to the longitudinal end faces of the main body 14. In the annular body 50, the connecting plates 19 of adjacent earth-retaining members 10 are joined to each other by connecting fittings 20g or fastening members 40 to form an axial connecting portion 11. The axial connecting portion 11 is a portion that connects the connecting plates 19 extending in the axial direction to each other, and is a connecting portion that extends in the z direction. Although three connecting fittings 20g are attached to the axial connecting portion 11 shown in Fig. 3, the number of connecting fittings 20g attached can be appropriately changed depending on the shape of the earth-retaining members 10. For example, in the case of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 4 described later, four connecting fittings 20g are attached to the axial connecting portions 11.

[0016] The annular bodies 50 formed by the soil retaining members 10 are joined together by the connecting fittings 20 at the ends of the soil retaining members 10 in the z direction. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the soil retaining members 10 of the upper annular body 50A and the soil retaining members 10 of the lower annular body 50B are joined with their ends in the longitudinal direction (θ direction) shifted from each other. In the first embodiment, the soil retaining members 10 located at the top and the soil retaining members 10 located at the bottom are connected with a shift of half their longitudinal length. This allows the soil retaining structure 100 to suppress variations in strength and rigidity at each position in the θ direction. However, the soil retaining members 10 located above and below are not limited to being connected with a shift of half their longitudinal length. For example, the soil retaining members 10 may be connected with at least one or more of the multiple connecting holes 13a formed in the flange portion 13 of the soil retaining members 10 shifted in the longitudinal direction.

[0017] [Earth retaining material 10] Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the earth retaining member 10 according to the first embodiment. Figures 4 and 5 show a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the earth retaining member 10, and show an example of a cross section including the CC portion of the earth retaining structure 100 shown in Figure 3. The body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in Figure 4 has a sine curve-like waveform in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in Figure 5 has a rectangular wave shape with rounded corners, and parallel surfaces are formed on the outside and inside of the earth retaining structure 100.

[0018] The retaining members 10 shown in Figures 4 and 5 have different cross-sectional shapes and different corrugated shapes of the main body 14, but have flange portions 13 formed at both ends in the z direction, making them connectable to each other in the z direction. The flange portions 13 are formed with connecting holes 13a for applying the connecting fittings 20 or fastening members 40. A plurality of connecting holes 13a are formed in the flange portions 13, and are arranged at equal intervals in the θ direction.

[0019] The body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in Fig. 4 is shaped like a sine curve, and can withstand the load caused by earth pressure from the ground. Because the body 14 is shaped like a corrugated sheet, it has higher strength and rigidity against the load applied in the r direction than a body 14 formed with a simple flat cross-sectional shape.

[0020] The trapezoidally corrugated body 14 of the earth retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 5 includes an inner flange portion 16 that protrudes inward from the annular body 50 in the cross section of FIG. 5, and outer flange portions 17 and 18 that protrude outward from the annular body 50. The inner flange portion 16 and the outer flange portions 17 and 18 are formed substantially parallel to each other. The inner flange portion 16 and the outer flange portions 17 and 18 are connected by a web portion 15. The web portion 15 has a surface that extends in the r direction in the cross section of FIG. 5 and is slightly inclined with respect to the r direction. The inclination direction of the web portion 15 is such that, when the body 14 is viewed from the central axis C, the open end of the valley portion of the corrugated shape is wide and the valley bottom is narrow. By being configured in this way, the body 14 is easily released from the mold when plastic processing for corrugation is performed, making it easy to manufacture.

[0021] In addition, the web portion 15 is formed at an angle close to parallel to the r axis, so that the widths of the inner flange portion 16 and the outer flange portions 17 and 18 are wide. As a result, the retaining member 10 has a high rigidity when a bending moment is applied in the r direction. For example, the retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 5 has a larger dimension in the r direction than the retaining member 10 shown in FIG. 4, and has a high rigidity against a load applied in the r direction. When the retaining member 10 of the retaining structure 100 in FIG. 1 is loaded in the surface direction, that is, in the r direction, a bending moment is applied to the retaining member 10 in the r direction. At this time, the section modulus of the retaining member 10 with respect to the neutral axis N of bending is larger when the widths of the inner flange portion 16, the outer flange portion 17, and 18 farther from the neutral axis N are wider. Therefore, by forming the web portion 15 at an angle close to parallel to the r axis, the width dimensions in the z direction of the inner flange portion 16, the outer flange portion 17, and 18 are widened, and the retaining member 10 has a high strength and rigidity against a bending load in the r direction. Specifically, the angle of the web portion 15 is set to 0° or more and 20° or less, and more desirably 0° or more and 3° or less, with respect to the direction perpendicular to the inner flange portion 16 or the outer flange portions 17 and 18.

[0022] 5, the inner flange portion 16 and the outer flange portions 17 and 18 are formed with the same plate thickness as the web portion 15, but the plate thickness may be made thicker than that of the web portion 15. By configuring in this manner, the cross-sectional areas of the inner flange portion 16 and the outer flange portions 17 and 18 that are farther from the neutral axis N become larger, and the section modulus of the earth retaining member 10 can be further increased.

[0023] Flange portions 13 are formed on both ends in the z direction of the earth retaining member 10 shown in Figures 4 and 5. The flange portions 13 are formed perpendicular to the z direction, and have connecting holes 13a in their flat portions. The flange portions 13 are parallel to the r direction and the θ direction, and have a surface to which the connecting fitting 20 can be attached. In particular, the tip portions 13b of the flange portions 13 have a flat surface to which the clamping portions 23 (see Figures 6 to 9) of the connecting fitting 20 can be fitted.

[0024] [Connecting bracket 20] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a connecting fitting 20 that connects the earth-retaining members 10 of the earth-retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a top view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a side view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the connecting fitting 20 of FIG. 6. The plane formed by the x and y directions shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 is a plane along the connecting fitting body 22 of the connecting fitting 20, and the z direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the x and y directions. The x direction coincides with the width direction of the clamping portion 23, and approximately coincides with the θ direction when the connecting fitting 20 is attached to the flange portion 13. In the first embodiment, the connecting fitting 20 is a fitting formed by bending a metal plate, and is one of the connecting members that connect the earth-retaining members 10. The connecting fitting 20 comprises a connecting fitting main body 22 having a convex portion 26 formed by embossing, an insertion portion 25 bent from one end of the connecting fitting main body 22 in the y direction in the opposite direction to the z direction, and a clamping portion 23 bent from the other end of the connecting fitting main body 22 in the y direction in the opposite direction to the z direction.

[0025] The connecting fitting 20 connects two earth-retaining members 10 by inserting the insertion portion 25 into the connecting hole 13a formed in the flange portion 13 of the earth-retaining member 10 and clamping the tip portion 13b of the flange portion 13 with the clamping portion 23. Since the connecting fitting 20 can connect the earth-retaining members 10 by being fitted into the flange portions 13, the efficiency of the connecting work is improved compared to connections using bolts and nuts.

[0026] 7 and 9, an edge 22c of the clamping end 22a where the clamping portion 23 of the connecting fitting body 22 is formed is formed parallel to the x-axis. The connecting fitting body 22 extends at an incline with respect to the y-direction. An edge 22d in the y-direction of the connecting fitting body 22 is connected to an insertion portion 25 extending in the opposite direction, that is, the z-direction. The edge 22d to which the insertion portion 25 is connected is inclined with respect to the x-axis.

[0027] The insertion portion 25 extends in the z direction from the edge 22d of the connecting metal fitting body 22, and is bent at its tip into an L shape to form the tip portion 21. The tip portion 21 has a plate surface 21b extending along the y direction. The plate surface 21b of the tip portion 21 is formed approximately parallel to the plate surface of the connecting metal fitting body 22 at a position shifted in the z direction from the connecting metal fitting body 22. Alternatively, the plate surface 21b of the tip portion 21 may not be parallel to the plate surface of the connecting metal fitting body 22, and may be inclined so that the tip 21a faces in the z direction. With this configuration, the connecting metal fitting body 22 is arranged on one side of the flange portions 13 of the two earth retaining members 10 to be connected, and the tip portion 21 is arranged on the other side, so that the two flange portions 13 can be held between the tip portion 21 and the connecting metal fitting body 22.

[0028] 7, the insertion end 22b where the insertion portion 25 of the connecting fitting body 22 is formed is narrower than the clamping end 22a where the clamping portion 23 is formed, and is formed to a width that allows it to be inserted into the connecting hole 13a of the flange portion 13. In other words, the tip portion 21 can be freely inserted into the connecting hole 13a of the flange portions 13 of the two earth retaining members 10. Furthermore, the insertion end 22b is embossed to form a protrusion 26, thereby improving its rigidity.

[0029] On the other hand, the clamping side end 22a where the clamping portion 23 is formed is formed wide so that the clamping portion 23 can clamp and hold the flange portions 13 of the two earth retaining members 10.

[0030] [Connecting bracket 20 installed] Figures 10 and 11 are perspective views of connecting fittings 20 attached to the earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. Figure 10 is a perspective view of first connecting fittings 20a, 20b, 20e, and 20f of the earth-retaining structure 100 shown in Figure 3. Figure 11 is a perspective view of connecting fittings 20c and 20d of the earth-retaining structure 100 shown in Figure 3. In embodiment 1, the connecting fittings 20 installed at the connection parts 12 with the annular bodies 50A and 50B of the earth-retaining structure 100 are not all attached facing the same direction, but are partially attached facing in the opposite direction to the z direction shown in Figures 6 to 9.

[0031] Specifically, first connecting fittings 20a, 20b, 20e, and 20f shown in Fig. 3 are arranged in a state in which insertion portion 25 and clamping portion 23 extend in the opposite z direction from connecting fitting main body 22, i.e., in the state shown in Fig. 10. Connecting fittings 20c and 20d shown in Fig. 3 are arranged in a state in which insertion portion 25 and clamping portion 23 extend in the z direction from connecting fitting main body 22, i.e., in the state shown in Fig. 11.

[0032] 10 and 11, with the tip portion 21 and the insertion portion 25 of the connecting fitting 20 inserted into the connecting hole 13a of the flange portion 13, the clamping portion 23 clamps the flange portions 13 of the two earth-retaining members 10 to connect the earth-retaining members 10 to each other. With the tip portion 21 and the insertion portion 25 inserted into the connecting hole 13a, the connecting fitting 20 is rotated about the connecting hole 13a to cause the flange portions 13 to enter between the clamping portion 23 and the connecting fitting body 22. The opening width between the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 and the connecting fitting body 22 is formed narrower than the thickness dimension of the tip portions 13b of the two flange portions 13, and the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 and the connecting fitting body 22 hold the two flange portions 13 in pressure contact in the z direction.

[0033] Returning to Fig. 3, the arrangement of the multiple connecting fittings 20 attached to the earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1 will be described. The multiple earth-retaining members 10 constituting the earth-retaining structure 100 are connected to each other in the z direction and the θ direction by the connecting fittings 20. The z-direction connecting portion 12 connecting the annular body 50A and the annular body 50B is connected by the multiple connecting fittings 20. Some of the multiple connecting fittings 20 of the connecting portion 12 are attached facing in the opposite direction. Note that the connection in the θ direction between each of the annular bodies 50A and 50B is also performed by the connecting fittings 20.

[0034] The earth retaining members 10 constituting the annular body 50A and the earth retaining members 10 constituting the annular body 50B are arranged at positions where the connecting plates 19 arranged at the longitudinal ends are shifted in the θ direction. The axial connecting portion 11 formed on the annular body 50A and the axial connecting portion 11 formed on the annular body 50B are arranged at positions where they are shifted from each other in the θ direction. In other words, as shown in Fig. 3, the axial connecting portion 11 of the annular body 50A and the intermediate portions in the θ direction of the earth retaining members 10c and 10d of the annular body 50B are aligned in the z direction.

[0035] Here, when focusing on the peripheral portion of the axial connecting portion 11 of the first retaining members 10a and 10b of the annular body 50A, the first retaining members 10a and 10b are connected to the second retaining member 10c in the z direction, and to the third retaining member 10d on the opposite side in the z direction. The flange portion 13 of the first retaining member 10a and the flange portion 13 of the second retaining member 10c are overlapped so that the positions of the connecting holes 13a are aligned to form the first connecting portion 12a. Also, the flange portion 13 of the first retaining member 10a and the flange portion 13 of the third retaining member 10d are overlapped so that the positions of the connecting holes 13a are aligned to form the second connecting portion 12b.

[0036] The first connecting portion 12a and the second connecting portion 12b are connected by inserting a connecting fitting 20 into each of the overlapping connecting holes 13a and by the clamping portion 23 clamping and holding the two flange portions 13.

[0037] The connecting fittings 20a, 20b, and 20e attached to the first connecting portion 12a shown in Fig. 3 are attached to the flange portion 13 in a position in which the clamping portion 23 and the insertion portion 25 extend in opposite directions in the z direction from the connecting fitting main body 22 as shown in Fig. 10. These connecting fittings 20 are referred to as first connecting fittings.

[0038] Among the connecting fittings 20 attached to the second connecting portion 12b, the connecting fitting 20c located at the end furthest in the θ direction of the first earth retaining member 10a is attached facing in the opposite direction to the first connecting fitting 20a as shown in Fig. 11. In other words, the connecting fitting 20c is attached to the flange portion 13 with the clamping portion 23 and the insertion portion 25 extending in the z direction from the connecting fitting main body 22. These connecting fittings 20 are referred to as second connecting fittings.

[0039] The arrangement of these connecting fittings 20 is similarly configured in the first earth retaining member 10b disposed adjacent to the first earth retaining member 10a. That is, at least the two connecting fittings 20 disposed at the ends in the θ direction of the flange portions 13 of the first earth retaining members 10a and 10b are disposed so that one side 22e (see FIG. 8) facing the direction in which the insertion portion 25 and the clamping portion 23 extend from the connecting fitting body 22 faces each other. In other words, the first connecting fitting 20a and the second connecting fitting 20c are disposed opposite each other at the ends in the θ direction of the flange portions 13 of the first earth retaining members 10a and 10b.

[0040] 3, attention is focused on the periphery of the axial connecting portion 11 of the first earth-retaining members 10a and 10b, but all of the earth-retaining members 10 constituting the earth-retaining structure 100 have the axial connecting portion 11. In the earth-retaining structure 100, the two connecting fittings 20 arranged closest to the axial connecting portion 11 of the earth-retaining members 10 are attached so that their one faces 22e face each other.

[0041] In other words, in the second connecting portion 12b of the first earth retaining member 10a, the second connecting fitting 20c is positioned closer to the end of the first earth retaining member than the first connecting fitting 20f, i.e., closer to the axial connecting portion 11.

[0042] [Function of connecting fitting 20] Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first earth-retaining member 10a of the earth-retaining structure 1100 according to a comparative example of the earth-retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment is subjected to earth pressure. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the connecting fitting 20 closest to the axial connecting portion 11 of the first earth-retaining member 10a of the earth-retaining structure 1100. The earth-retaining structure 1100 according to the comparative example connects multiple earth-retaining members 10 using the connecting fittings 20, similar to the earth-retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. However, in the earth-retaining structure 1100 according to the comparative example, all the connecting fittings 20 are attached facing in the same direction.

[0043] As shown in Figure 12(a), when the retaining structure 1100 is in its normal state, the connecting fittings 20 located above and below in the z-direction hold the two flange portions 13 in an overlapping state by their tip portions 21, connecting fitting main body 22, and clamping portions 23, connecting multiple retaining members 10.

[0044] 12(b) shows a state in which a load due to earth pressure or the like is received from the ground side on the outside of the earth-retaining structure 1100. Since the earth-retaining structure 1100 receives earth pressure over the entire outer periphery, the earth-retaining members 10 positioned side by side in the z direction do not basically shift in the r direction, but if a large load is locally received on the outer periphery of the earth-retaining structure 1100, the end of the earth-retaining member 10 in the θ direction will shift in the r direction by the amount of the clearance between the insertion portion 25 of the connecting fitting 20 and the connecting hole 13a.

[0045] The connecting fitting 20 located on the upper side of Fig. 12(b) maintains the state in which the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 is in contact with the back surface 13c of the flange portion 13 when the first retaining member 10a is displaced in the opposite direction r. On the other hand, the connecting fitting 20 located on the lower side of Fig. 12(b) shifts so that the back surface 13c of the flange portion 13 is displaced from the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23, and the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 can no longer apply a load to the flange portion 13. Therefore, the connecting fitting 20 on the lower side of Fig. 12(b) is easily displaced from the flange portion 13, and the connection between the retaining members 10 is weak.

[0046] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first earth-retaining member 10a of the earth-retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment is subjected to earth pressure. Unlike the earth-retaining structure 1100 according to the comparative example shown in FIG. 12, the lower connecting fitting 20 of the earth-retaining structure 100 is attached in the opposite direction. At this time, even if the earth-retaining member 10a is displaced to the opposite side in the r direction, the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 remains in abutment with the back surface 13c of the flange portion 13. Therefore, the connecting fitting 20 can continue to apply a load in the direction in which the two flange portions 13 are pressed together. In FIG. 13, the connecting fittings 20 located at the top and bottom are both configured to suppress a decrease in the connecting force even when a load is applied to the earth-retaining structure 100, and the decrease in the strength and rigidity of the earth-retaining structure 100 can be suppressed, and the variation in strength and rigidity in the circumferential direction of the earth-retaining structure 100 can be suppressed.

[0047] Generally, in an earth-retaining structure 100 constructed by connecting multiple earth-retaining members 10, displacement of the earth-retaining members 10 is likely to occur at the axial connecting parts 11, but by changing the directionality of the connecting fitting 20 closest to the θ-direction end of the earth-retaining members 10 as described above, it is possible to reduce the variation in strength and rigidity of each part of the earth-retaining structure 100. Specifically, the connecting fitting 20 closest to the axial connecting part 11 is positioned so that the extension directions of the insertion part 25 and the clamping part 23 face each other.

[0048] [Variations] In the above description, the embodiment has been described in which the directionality of only the connecting fitting 20 closest to the axial connecting part 11 in the earth-retaining structure 100 is changed, but the connecting fitting 20 that changes the directionality may be provided not only with one connecting fitting 20 closest to the axial connecting part 11 but also with two or more connecting fittings 20. In other words, the number of connecting fittings 20 that change the directionality of the connecting fitting 20d shown in Figure 3 can be changed appropriately depending on the amount of displacement of the earth-retaining member 10 or the earth pressure that the earth-retaining structure 100 is subjected to.

[0049] 14 is a perspective view of a connecting fitting 120 which is a modified example of the connecting fitting 20 according to the first embodiment. In the modified connecting fitting 120, the insertion portion 25 is not inclined with respect to the clamping portion 23. Therefore, the connecting fitting 120 connects a plurality of earth-retaining members 10 by fitting the clamping portion 23 into the flange portion 13 while inserting the insertion portion 25 into the connecting hole 13a. In the earth-retaining structure 100 connected by the connecting fitting 120 configured in this manner, as in the connecting fitting 20 according to the first embodiment, by changing the attachment direction in the vicinity of the axial connecting portion 11a, the earth-retaining structure 100 is less likely to come off the flange portion 13, and the variation in strength and rigidity in the circumferential direction of the earth-retaining structure 100 can be suppressed.

[0050] The connecting fitting used in the earth-retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment is not limited to the connecting fitting 20 shown in Fig. 6 or the connecting fitting 120 shown in Fig. 14, which are formed by bending a metal plate. The connecting fitting may have other shapes as long as it has an insertion portion 25 extending from the connecting fitting main body 22 toward the one surface 22e side and a clamping portion 23.

[0051] In addition, in the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment, one or more connecting fittings 20 at the ends of the first earth retaining member 10a are arranged to face each other, but even in other configurations, the effect of the connecting fittings 20 being less likely to come off can be expected as shown in Fig. 13. That is, the earth retaining structure 100 may be configured, for example, as shown in Fig. 3, to include a first connecting fitting 20b and a second connecting fitting 20d installed in the connecting portion 12a with one side 22e facing the first connecting fitting 20b, and the connecting fittings 20a and 20c closest to the axial connecting portion 11 may be attached facing the same direction. That is, the connecting fittings 20a, 20b, and 20c in Fig. 3 may be configured as first connecting fittings, and only the connecting fitting 20d may be configured as the second connecting fitting. In other words, if a pair of connecting fittings 20 attached to the connecting parts 12 at both ends in the z direction of the first earth retaining member 10a are arranged so that one side 22e faces each other, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the connecting strength between the first earth retaining member 10a and 10b and the second earth retaining member 10c and the third earth retaining member 10d. In other words, a pair of connecting fittings 20 attached to the connecting parts 12 at both ends in the z direction of the earth retaining member 10 and having one side 22e facing each other may be arranged at any position in the θ direction (circumferential direction) of the earth retaining member 10.

[0052] Embodiment 2 An explanation will be given of an earth retaining structure 200 according to the second embodiment. The earth retaining structure 200 is obtained by partially modifying the members connecting the connecting portions 12 of the earth retaining members 10 constituting the earth retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment. Note that components having the same functions and actions as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted.

[0053] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the retaining structure 200 according to the second embodiment. In the retaining structure 200 according to the second embodiment, the parts connected using the second connecting fittings 20 in the retaining structure 100 according to the first embodiment are connected using bolts 41 and nuts 42. Parts that are relatively easy to come off, such as the connecting fittings 20 on the lower side in the z direction of the retaining structure 1100 according to the comparative example shown in FIG. 12, may be connected using the bolts 41 and nuts 42 as the fastening members 40. That is, the multiple connecting members connecting the retaining members 10 may include the fastening members 40 composed of the bolts 41 and nuts 42. Specifically, at least one of the connecting fittings 20c and 20d shown in FIG. 3 may be replaced with the fastening member 40. In the case of the bolts 41 and nuts 42, the decrease in the connecting force due to the shifting of the retaining members 10 is suppressed, so that the retaining structure 200 has the reduced variation in strength and rigidity of each part in the circumferential direction, as in the first embodiment. In addition, by using the connecting fittings 20 for everything other than the fastening members 40, the efficiency of the work of connecting the earth retaining members 10 is improved.

[0054] Embodiment 3 An explanation will be given of an earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 3. The earth-retaining structure 100 will be given of the earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1, particularly with regard to the arrangement of the connecting members that connect the axial connecting parts 11 of the earth-retaining members 10. Note that components having the same functions and actions as those in embodiment 1 will be given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted.

[0055] Fig. 16 is a perspective view of an earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 3. Fig. 17 is an enlarged perspective view of the periphery of the axial connecting portion 11 of the earth-retaining structure 100 of Fig. 16. In embodiment 3, the earth-retaining structure 100 is described as being circular in top view as an example, but the earth-retaining structure may be rectangular, oval, horseshoe, or other shapes.

[0056] The earth retaining members 10 constituting the annular body 50A and the earth retaining members 10 constituting the annular body 50B are arranged at positions where the connecting plates 19 arranged at the longitudinal ends are shifted in the θ direction. Therefore, as shown in Figures 16 and 17, the earth retaining structure 100 has an axial connecting portion 11 in which the connecting plates 19 that connect the earth retaining members 10a and 10b arranged adjacent to each other in the θ direction are overlapped. The axial connecting portion 11 extends along the z direction. Therefore, the earth retaining structure 100 has an intersection portion where the axial connecting portion 11 and the connecting portion 12 extending in the θ direction intersect to form a T shape. The connecting plate 19 is also called a vertical flange.

[0057] The axial connecting parts 11 are connected by connecting fittings 20. As shown in FIG. 17, the connecting fittings 20 attached to the axial connecting parts 11 are 20g1, 20g2, 20g3, and 20g4, in that order from the bottom. The connecting fittings 20g1 to 20g4 attached to these axial connecting parts 11 may be collectively referred to as connecting fittings 20g. The connecting fitting 20g1 may be referred to as the third connecting fitting, and the connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4, which have one surface 22e facing away from the third connecting fitting, may be referred to as the fourth connecting fitting. In the third embodiment, the number of connecting fittings 20g attached to the axial connecting parts 11 is four, but is not limited to this. In FIG. 17, the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 of the retaining member 10 is formed into a sine curve-like waveform, and four connecting holes 19a are arranged in accordance with the waveform, and a connecting fitting 20g is arranged in each of the connecting holes 19a. In contrast, for example, in the case of the trapezoidal wave-shaped cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 5, three connecting holes 19a are arranged in accordance with the outer flange portions 17 and 18, and adjacent earth-retaining members 10 are connected by three connecting fittings 20g. The wave shape of the cross-sectional shape of the main body 14 of the earth-retaining member 10 can be changed as appropriate according to the dimension in the z direction, and therefore the positions and number of the connecting fittings 20g may be changed as appropriate accordingly. Also, as described in the second embodiment, the connecting fittings 20g and fastening members 40 may be used together in the axial connecting portions 11 of the earth-retaining structure 100.

[0058] In the third embodiment, of the connecting fittings 20g arranged in the axial connecting portion 11, only the connecting fitting 20g1 arranged at the bottom is attached facing in the opposite direction to the other connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4. That is, the connecting fitting 20g1 is arranged with one side 22e, which faces the direction in which the insertion portion 25 and the clamping portion 23 extend from the connecting fitting main body 22, facing in the θ direction, and the other connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4 are arranged with one side 22e facing in the opposite direction to the θ direction.

[0059] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the retaining member 10 of the retaining structure 100 according to the third embodiment is displaced by earth pressure. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the retaining member 10a or 10b arranged adjacent to each other in the θ direction is displaced in the r direction. FIGS. 18(a) and (b) show a state in which the retaining member 10b is displaced to the inside of the retaining structure 100, that is, in the opposite direction to the r direction. FIGS. 18(c) and (d) show a state in which the retaining member 10a is displaced to the inside of the retaining structure 100, that is, in the opposite direction to the r direction. For example, in the axial connecting portion 11 shown in FIG. 17, when the retaining member 10b is displaced to the inside, the back surface 19c of the connecting plate 19 of the retaining member 10a is displaced so as to come off the abutting portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 of the connecting fitting 20g1 as shown in FIG. 18(a). Therefore, the force with which the connecting fitting 20g1 holds the connecting plates 19 of the earth retaining members 10a and 10b is reduced.

[0060] 18(b), the connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4 are attached in the opposite direction to the connecting fitting 20g1, so that the abutment portions 23b maintain contact with the rear surface 19c of the connecting plate 19. Therefore, the connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4 can hold the connecting plates 19 of the earth-retaining members 10a and 10b in an overlapping state with the clamping portions 23.

[0061] 18(c) and (d), the connecting fitting 20g1 maintains a state in which the abutment portion 23b is in contact with the rear surface 19c of the connecting plate 19. On the other hand, the connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4 are in a state in which the rear surface 19c of the connecting plate 19 of the earth retaining member 10a is disengaged from the abutment portion 23b of the clamping portion 23 of the connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4, and the force holding the connecting plate 19 is reduced.

[0062] As described above, in the retaining structure 100 according to the third embodiment, the force of some of the connecting fittings 20g to hold the connecting plates 19 may decrease due to the relative displacement of the circumferentially adjacent soil-retaining members 10. However, as shown in FIG. 17, at least one connecting fitting 20g1 among the connecting fittings 20g installed in one axial connecting portion 11 is installed with one surface 22e facing in the opposite direction to the other connecting fittings 20g2 to 20g4. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a state in which the holding force of all the connecting fittings 20g installed in the axial connecting portion 11 decreases. Therefore, it is possible to deal with both cases in which the relative displacement of the adjacent soil-retaining members 10a and 10b occurs in the forward and reverse directions.

[0063] As shown in Fig. 17, in the third embodiment, only the bottom connecting fitting 20g1 installed in the axial connecting portion 11 is reversed. As shown in Fig. 7, the connecting fitting 20 used in the third embodiment has the tip portion 21 and the clamping portion 23 shifted in the x direction. Therefore, when the connecting plate 19 is fitted into the clamping portion 23 of the connecting fitting 20g1 arranged in a position close to the connecting portion 12, the clamping portion 23 may come into contact with the connecting portion 12 extending in the θ direction. Therefore, by attaching the connecting fitting 20g1 in the reverse direction, there is an advantage in that it is possible to avoid a situation in which the abutment portion 23b of the connecting fitting 20g1 interferes with the connecting portion 12, making it difficult to assemble the connecting fitting 20g1.

[0064] In the retaining structure 100 according to the third embodiment, one of the four connecting fittings 20g installed in the axial connecting portion 11, the connecting fitting 20g1, is installed facing in the reverse direction, but the number and positions of the connecting fittings 20g facing in the reverse direction may be changed as appropriate. For example, in the axial connecting portion 11 shown in FIG. 17, one surface 22e of the connecting fitting 20g3 may be installed facing in the θ direction. By alternately providing the connecting fittings 20g facing in the forward and reverse directions in one axial connecting portion 11, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the holding force of the connecting fitting 20g of the axial connecting portion 11 regardless of any relative displacement of the adjacent earth retaining members 10.

[0065] Embodiment 4 An earth-retaining structure 400 according to embodiment 4 will be described. The earth-retaining structure 400 shows an example of the arrangement of connecting fittings 20 that connect the connecting portions 12 of the earth-retaining members 10 that constitute the earth-retaining structure 100 according to embodiment 1. Note that components having the same functions and actions as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

[0066] Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of connecting fittings 20 of an earth-retaining structure 400 according to embodiment 4. Fig. 19 shows the earth-retaining structure 400 as viewed from the inside. The connecting fittings 20 shown solid in Fig. 19 are arranged with one side 22e, which is the direction in which the tip portion 21 and the clamping portion 23 extend, facing in the opposite direction to the connecting fittings 20 shown in white.

[0067] In the retaining structure 400 according to the fourth embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the connecting fitting 20c located at the end of the earth-retaining member 10 in the θ direction is arranged with one surface 22e facing in the opposite direction to the connecting fitting 20a arranged opposite to it in the z direction. Then, for example, when attention is focused on the connecting portion 12a of the two earth-retaining members 10a and 10c connected in the z direction, the connecting fittings 20 arranged adjacent to each other in the θ direction (circumferential direction) of the earth-retaining member 10 are arranged so that their directions are opposite to each other.

[0068] In the example shown in Figure 19, six connecting fittings 20 are arranged at the connecting portion 12a of the two retaining members 10a and 10c, so that the connecting fittings 20a, 20e, and 20d are arranged in the forward direction and the connecting fittings 20b, 20f, and 20c are arranged in the reverse direction.

[0069] On the other hand, for example, when five connecting fittings 20 are installed in the connecting portion 12a, they cannot be arranged alternately, so first the direction of the connecting fittings 20a and 20c closest to the axial connecting portion 11 is determined, and the connecting fittings 20b and 20d adjacent to the connecting fittings 20a and 20c are arranged so that they face in the opposite direction to the connecting fittings 20a and 20c. In other words, in the connecting portion 12 of two earth retaining members 10 connected in the z direction, the connecting fittings 20 closest to the axial connecting portions 11 at both ends are arranged so that they face in the opposite direction, and then the connecting fittings 20 arranged adjacent to those connecting fittings 20 are arranged so that they face in the opposite direction. With this configuration, even if a relative displacement occurs between the two earth retaining members 10 connected in the z direction, it is possible to prevent the connecting fittings 20 installed in the connecting portion 12 from coming off.

[0070] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and may be combined with other known technologies. Parts of the configurations may be omitted or modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] 10 earth retaining member, 10A earth retaining member, 10B earth retaining member, 10a (first) earth retaining member, 10b (first) earth retaining member, 10c (second) earth retaining member, 10d (third) earth retaining member, 11 axial connecting portion, 12 connecting portion, 12a (first) connecting portion, 12b (second) connecting portion, 13 flange portion, 13a connecting hole, 13b tip portion, 13c back surface, 14 main body, 15 web portion, 16 inner flange portion, 17 outer flange portion, 19 connecting plate, 20 connecting fitting, 20a (first) connecting fitting, 20b (first) connecting fitting, 20c (second) connecting fitting, 20d connecting fitting, 20e (first) connecting fitting, 20f (first) connecting fitting, 20g connecting fitting, 20g1 connecting fitting, 20g2 Connecting fitting, 20g3 connecting fitting, 20g4 connecting fitting, 21 tip portion, 21a tip, 21b plate surface, 22 connecting fitting body, 22a clamping side end portion, 22b insertion side end portion, 22c edge, 22d edge, 23 clamping portion, 23b abutment portion, 25 insertion portion, 26 convex portion, 50 annular body, 50A annular body, 50B annular body, 92 natural ground, 93 space portion, 100 earth retaining structure, 100A earth retaining structure, 120 connecting fitting, 200 earth retaining structure, 1100 earth retaining structure, C central axis, N neutral axis.

Claims

1. A retaining structure constructed by connecting a plurality of retaining members, the ends of which are shifted in a first direction, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction using a plurality of connecting members, and holding down soil in the ground with the plurality of retaining members to form a space, Each of the plurality of earth retaining members is A main body that is placed along the natural ground; a flange portion protruding from an edge of the main body in the second direction toward the space portion, The flange portion is A connecting hole is formed through the flange portion in the thickness direction, The plurality of connecting members include A plurality of connecting fittings are included. The plurality of connecting fittings include The flange portions of the plurality of adjacent earth retaining members are attached to a connecting portion formed by overlapping the flange portions of the plurality of earth retaining members, A connecting fitting body, an insertion portion formed by bending one end of a member constituting the connecting fitting body toward one surface of the connecting fitting body; a clamping portion formed by bending the other end of the member constituting the connecting fitting body toward the one surface side into a U-shape, The insertion portion is The connecting holes are inserted through the connecting holes formed in each of the plurality of adjacent earth retaining members, The clamping unit is The flange portions of the plurality of adjacent earth retaining members are sandwiched in an overlapping state, The plurality of connecting fittings include A retaining structure comprising a first connecting fitting and a second connecting fitting installed at the connecting portion with the one side facing in a different direction relative to the first connecting fitting.

2. The plurality of earth retaining members include A first retaining member; a second retaining member having an end position in the first direction shifted relative to the first retaining member and connected to one of the flange portions of the first retaining member in the second direction; a third retaining member having an end position in the first direction shifted relative to the first retaining member and connected to the other flange portion of the first retaining member in the second direction; When the connection portion between the first soil retaining member and the second soil retaining member is a first connection portion, and the connection portion between the first soil retaining member and the third soil retaining member is a second connection portion, Among the plurality of connecting fittings installed in the second connecting portion, at least the second connecting fitting is disposed at the end of the first retaining member, The retaining structure according to claim 1 , wherein the first connecting fitting is arranged at a position facing the second connecting fitting among the plurality of connecting fittings installed at the first connecting portion.

3. The plurality of earth retaining members include A first retaining member; a second retaining member having an end position in the first direction shifted relative to the first retaining member and connected to one of the flange portions of the first retaining member in the second direction; a third retaining member whose end position in the first direction is shifted relative to the first retaining member and which is connected to the other flange portion of the first retaining member in the second direction; When the connection portion between the first soil retaining member and the second soil retaining member is a first connection portion, and the connection portion between the first soil retaining member and the third soil retaining member is a second connection portion, In the second connecting portion, the second connecting fitting has The retaining structure according to claim 1 , which is positioned closer to an end of the first retaining member than the first connecting fitting.

4. The retaining structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein among the plurality of connecting fittings installed in the second connecting portion, the plurality of connecting fittings arranged at the end of the first retaining member are the second connecting fittings.

5. The retaining structure described in claim 2 or 3, wherein the first connecting fitting is arranged adjacent to the second connecting fitting, which is arranged at the end of the first retaining member, in the first direction, among the multiple connecting fittings installed in the second connecting portion.

6. Each of the plurality of earth retaining members is a connecting plate provided on an edge of the main body in the first direction, The connecting plate is A connecting hole is formed through the connecting plate in the thickness direction, The plurality of connecting fittings include The connecting plates of the adjacent earth retaining members are attached to an axial connecting portion formed by overlapping the connecting plates of the adjacent earth retaining members, The insertion portion is The connecting hole is inserted into each of the plurality of earth retaining members adjacent to each other in the first direction, The clamping unit is The connecting plates of the plurality of adjacent earth retaining members are sandwiched in a stacked state, The plurality of connecting fittings include A retaining structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a third connecting fitting and a fourth connecting fitting installed at the connecting portion with the one side facing in a different direction relative to the third connecting fitting.

7. A retaining structure constructed by connecting a plurality of retaining members, the ends of which are shifted in a first direction, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction using a plurality of connecting members, and holding down soil in the ground with the plurality of retaining members to form a space, Each of the plurality of earth retaining members is A main body that is placed along the natural ground; A connecting plate provided on an edge of the main body in the first direction; a flange portion protruding from an edge of the main body in the second direction toward the space portion, The connecting plate is A connecting hole is formed through the connecting plate in the thickness direction, The plurality of connecting members include A plurality of connecting fittings are provided to connect two adjacent soil retaining members in the first direction among the plurality of soil retaining members, The plurality of connecting fittings include The connecting plates of the two adjacent earth retaining members are attached to an axial connecting portion formed by overlapping the connecting plates of the two adjacent earth retaining members, A connecting fitting body, an insertion portion formed by bending one end of a member constituting the connecting fitting body toward one surface of the connecting fitting body; a clamping portion formed by bending the other end of the member constituting the connecting fitting body toward the one surface side into a U-shape, The insertion portion is The connecting hole is inserted into each of the two adjacent earth retaining members, The clamping unit is The connecting plates of the two adjacent earth retaining members are sandwiched in an overlapping state, The plurality of connecting fittings include A retaining structure comprising: a third connecting fitting; and a fourth connecting fitting installed on the axial connecting portion with the one side facing in a different direction relative to the third connecting fitting.

8. The retaining structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the fourth connecting fitting is arranged adjacent to the third connecting fitting in the second direction among the multiple connecting fittings installed in the axial connecting portion.

9. The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second direction is the direction of gravity.

10. The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bent portion of the clamping portion is formed diagonally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the connecting fitting body.

11. The tip of the insertion portion is The insertion portion is bent in a direction along the flange portion, and the insertion portion is abutted against a back surface around the connecting hole when the insertion portion is inserted into the connecting hole, The flange portion is The retaining structure described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the connecting fitting body is rotated around the insertion portion inserted into the connecting hole, so that the connecting fitting body enters the clamping portion and is clamped.

12. The opening width of the inlet of the clamping part is The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is formed narrower than the thickness of the overlapping flange portions.

13. The width of the clamping portion is The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is formed wider than the width of the insertion portion.

14. The plurality of connecting members include The retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising fastening members constituted by bolts and nuts.

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