Insertion tool for an intrauterine system having an anchor

Abstract

Disclosed is an insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) for an intrauterine system (1102, 1336, 1402, 1502), the insertion tool including a handle body (1104, 1306, 1416, 1504), a measuring tube (1110, 1328, 1406, 1510), a plunger (1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532), a flange (1122, 1404, 1522), a finger holder (1124, 1314, 1446, 1524), and means (1126, 1526) for reversibly locking a removal string (1128, 1358, 1414) of the intrauterine system. The proximal end (1106, 1440, 1506) of the measuring tube is movably attached to the distal end (1108, 1330, 1454, 1508) of the handle body, and the measuring tube is positioned to remain outside the cervical channel during insertion. The plunger is movably positioned within the handle body and the measuring tube. The present disclosure also provides a kit including the insertion instrument and the intrauterine system.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to gynecological devices, and more particularly to an inserter for an intrauterine system. Additionally, the present disclosure relates to a kit including an inserter and an intrauterine system. [Background technology]

[0002] Intrauterine systems (IUS) and intrauterine devices (IUDs) are becoming increasingly popular as reversible forms of contraception. In the following, the abbreviation IUS will be used, which encompasses both IUS and IUDs. An inserter is usually used to position the IUS into the uterus.

[0003] Typically, a conventional insertion tool includes an insertion tube that is usually required to penetrate the cervical canal to introduce an IUS into a subject's uterus. The insertion of the insertion tube into the cervical region is usually a painful experience for the subject due to the anatomical structure of the uterus. For example, the diameter of the insertion tube of a conventional insertion tool used to introduce an IUS into the uterus may not be sized to match the cervical opening or the entire cervical region (e.g., the tube may have a large cross-sectional area), which may cause unnecessary pain during the IUS insertion process.

[0004] In light of the foregoing, therefore, there is a need to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings associated with conventional insertion tools. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure seeks to provide an inserter for an intrauterine system (IUS). The present disclosure also seeks to provide a kit including an inserter and an IUS. The present disclosure seeks to provide a solution to the existing problem of painfully inserting an insertion tube of a conventional inserter into a subject's cervix to introduce an IUS into the uterus.

[0006] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that at least partially overcomes the problems encountered in the prior art and provides an improved insertion device that is easier to use, reduces pain and provides a relatively comfortable experience during IUS insertion into the uterus compared to existing insertion devices. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an inserter for an intrauterine system, the inserter comprising: Length L defined as the distance between the distal end, the proximal end, and the distal end and the proximal end h A handle body having a a measurement tube having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being movably attached to the distal end of the handle body, with the measurement tube being positioned to remain outside the cervical channel during insertion; Length L defined as the distance between the distal end, the proximal end, and the distal end and the proximal end p A plunger having a length L p is the length L h a plunger, a flange movably disposed so as to surround the measuring tube; A finger holder movably disposed so as to surround the handle body; and means disposed on the handle body for reversibly locking a removal string of the intrauterine system.

[0008] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kit including the insertion tool and an intrauterine system as described above, the intrauterine system comprising: a frame having a first end, a second end, and a length L defined as the distance from the first end to the second end; a removal string attached to a first end of the frame; at least one pharma- ceutical active agent; A first end of the frame includes a first locking portion and a second end of the frame includes a second locking portion, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are arranged to form a lock, and the removal thread is configured to guide the first locking portion to the second locking portion.

[0009] Embodiments of the present disclosure substantially eliminate or at least partially address the aforementioned problems in the prior art and allow the disclosed insertion tool to be conveniently used to position the disclosed IUS within the uterus in a painless or less painful manner.

[0010] Further aspects, advantages, features and objects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the drawings and detailed description of illustrative embodiments taken in conjunction with the appended claims.

[0011] It will be understood that features of the present disclosure can be combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the appended claims.

[0012] The above summary, as well as the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the disclosure, exemplary configurations of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. The disclosure is not limited, however, to the particular methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, similar elements are designated with the same reference numerals.

[0013] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following figures: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1A] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an assembled insertion tool and an IUS according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an insertion tool in an unassembled state and an IUS according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 1C]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an IUS according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a piston and plunger subassembly of the insertion tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a piston and plunger subassembly with an engagement portion of the piston of the insertion tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insertion tool with an enlarged view showing the internal structure of different sections of the insertion tool, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insertion tool with an enlarged view showing the internal structure of different sections of the insertion tool, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3C] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insertion tool with an enlarged view showing the internal structure of different sections of the insertion tool, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4C] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4D] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4E] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4F] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4G] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4H]1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4I] 1A-1D are diagrams of an insertion tool illustrating operational steps for positioning an IUS within a uterus, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] FIG. 13 illustrates an assembled insertion tool according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 13 illustrates an insertion tool in an unassembled state according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an IUS in a loaded configuration according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 7 is a schematic diagram of the IUS of FIG. 6 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic diagram of an IUS according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1 is a schematic diagram of an IUS in a loaded configuration, according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 9B is a perspective view of the IUS of FIG. 9A in a loaded configuration, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9C] 9B is a cross-sectional view of the IUS of FIG. 9A in a deployed state according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9D] 9B is a perspective view of the IUS of FIG. 9A in a deployed state, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an IUS according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11A] 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame and an IUS according to one embodiment. [Figure 11B] 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame and an IUS according to one embodiment. [Figure 11C] 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame and an IUS according to one embodiment. [Figure 11D] 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame and an IUS according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] In the accompanying drawings, numbers refer to items that are identified by a line linking the number to the item. Where a number has an associated arrow, the number is used to identify the general item to which the arrow is pointing.

[0016] The following detailed description sets forth embodiments of the present disclosure and how they may be practiced. Although several aspects of practicing the present disclosure are disclosed, those skilled in the art will recognize that other embodiments are possible for practicing or implementing the present disclosure.

[0017] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an inserter for an intrauterine system, the inserter comprising: Length L defined as the distance between the distal end, the proximal end, and the distal end and the proximal end h A handle body having a a measurement tube having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being movably attached to the distal end of the handle body, with the measurement tube being positioned to remain outside the cervical channel during insertion; Length L defined as the distance between the distal end, the proximal end, and the distal end and the proximal end p A plunger having a length L p is the length L h a plunger, a flange movably disposed so as to surround the measuring tube; A finger holder movably disposed so as to surround the handle body; and means disposed on the handle body for reversibly locking a removal string of the intrauterine system.

[0018] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kit including the insertion tool and an intrauterine system as described above, the intrauterine system comprising: a frame having a first end, a second end, and a length L defined as the distance from the first end to the second end; a removal string attached to a first end of the frame; at least one pharma- ceutical active agent; A first end of the frame includes a first locking portion and a second end of the frame includes a second locking portion, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are arranged to form a lock, and the removal thread is configured to guide the first locking portion to the second locking portion.

[0019] Therefore, the present disclosure provides the above-mentioned insertion tool and the above-mentioned kit for efficient and convenient IUS insertion into the uterus. The insertion tool allows for the insertion of the IUS into a stable position in the uterus. The insertion tool is easy to use and allows for the IUS to be inserted directly into the cervical canal instead of inserting any part of the insertion tool into the cervical canal to reduce pain associated with IUS placement in the cervical canal. Furthermore, the small cross-sectional area of ​​the IUS makes the insertion of the IUS into the uterus less painful, or at least less painful, than conventional IUS and insertion tools. Furthermore, various parts of the insertion tool are released at specific times during the IUS insertion process, thereby providing the medical professional with an intuitive and improved experience while manipulating the insertion tool in the IUS insertion process. Thus, the use of the above-mentioned insertion tool and kit can allow for an overall increase in the success rate of IUS insertion while causing no or minimal discomfort to the subject.

[0020] As used herein, the proximal end is the end closest to the user (physician) during insertion of the IUS, and the distal end is the opposite end furthest from the user.

[0021] The insertion tool has a distal end, a proximal end, and a length L defined as the distance between the distal end and the proximal end. h and a handle body having a handle portion having a first end and a second end. The handle body is preferably designed to facilitate easy handling of the insertion tool with one hand. Further, the handle body is preferably designed to eliminate any handedness preference. Alternatively, the insertion tool functions equally when held using the handle body in either the right or left hand.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the handle body is manufactured from a polymeric material (e.g., a medical grade plastic material) and is available for single use for sanitary purposes. The handle body can have various shapes and sizes. The handle body is typically a hollow elongated structure, such as tubular, cylindrical, elliptical, oval, cubic, etc. The handle body serves as a housing and support structure for the various components of the insertion tool. Furthermore, the handle body may be designed to fit the palm of a physician's hand. In one example, the handle body has a first cover portion and a second cover portion. Each of the first cover portion and the second cover portion can have a geometrically complementary structure for attachment to each other in the assembled state of the insertion tool. According to one embodiment, the length L h Optionally, the length L of the handle body is 70 to 110 mm. h is about 94 mm. h is typically from 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100 mm to 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105 or 110 mm.

[0023] The insertion tool further includes a measuring tube having a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end of the measuring tube is movably attached to the distal end of the handle body. The measuring tube is a hollow tubular structure. Optionally, the measuring tube has a circular or elliptical cross-section.

[0024] Optionally, the proximal portion of the measuring tube includes an insertion depth indicator, for example on its outer surface. In one example, the insertion depth indicator can point to a calibration line having a corresponding numerical value marked on the outer surface of the proximal portion of the measuring tube. Such an insertion depth indicator is used to correctly set the aforementioned flange in the correct position on the measuring tube at the start of the IUS insertion process after the insertion length (i.e., uterine and cervical length) has been measured.

[0025] Optionally, the measuring tube is manufactured from a medical grade polymeric material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone, or metal. Optionally, the measuring tube may be made of polyetheretherketone, thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, etc. It may include a reinforcing material such as fiberglass.

[0026] The insertion tool has a distal end, a proximal end, and a length L defined as the distance between the distal end and the proximal end. p The plunger is movably disposed within the handle body and the measuring tube. p is the length L h According to one embodiment, the length L p The length L is 50 to 90 mm. p is typically from 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 or 80 mm to 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 or 90 mm.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the plunger is hollow to allow the removal thread of the intrauterine system described above to penetrate the plunger. Thus, the plunger can be a thin hollow tubular structure that allows the removal thread to penetrate the plunger. It will be understood that the term "removal thread" as used herein refers to one or more threads (i.e., strings) that are attached to the IUS at one end and used to remove the IUS at the end of the wearing period (which may be, for example, 5 to 7 years). The removal thread is not only used for removal of the IUS, but also to detect whether the IUS is in the correct position in the uterine cavity after the IUS is deployed in the uterus. In one example, the IUS may be preloaded in an insertion tool in a sales package. In the preloaded state of the IUS, one end of the removal thread remains coupled to the aforementioned first anchor of the IUS, and the other end of the removal thread penetrates the plunger.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the distal end of the plunger is configured to cooperate with the second stop. Optionally, a portion of the plunger at the distal end may have a geometrically complementary form to the second stop. Optionally, the plunger is made of a medical grade polymeric material, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone, or metal.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the plunger includes means for preventing removal of the plunger from inside the handle body. The plunger may include these means for preventing removal of the plunger from inside the handle body at the proximal end of the plunger. In one embodiment, the means has a circumference greater than that of the rest of the plunger. Optionally, the means is in the form of a ring or polygonal part that holds the plunger inside the piston and the handle body. The plunger is mounted at its distal end within the piston. In particular, the plunger is locked between engaging portions of the piston. In one example, the engaging portions of the piston may be small protrusions that extend inwardly from geometrically opposite directions from the inner surface of the distal part of the piston.

[0030] The insertion tool further includes a flange movably disposed around the measuring tube. In one embodiment, an insertion depth indicator on the measuring tube allows the user to set the position of the flange. At the start of the IUS insertion procedure, the flange is manually moved to a designated position on the measuring tube with the aid of the insertion depth indicator on the outer surface of the proximal portion of the measuring tube. The designated position refers to the length of the uterine cavity plus the length of the cervical canal previously measured during uterine sounding. Once set on the measuring tube of the insertion tool, a firm grip of the flange is established against the measuring tube, thereby preventing undesired movement of the flange from its initial set position when the insertion tool is used in the IUS insertion process.

[0031] Optionally, the flange includes gripping surfaces on two diametrically opposed sides of an outer portion of the flange. In one example, the gripping surfaces have a wavy structure to allow a firm grip with the fingers of one hand and to press the outer portion of the flange towards the inner portion of the flange to adjust the flange to the correct position by sliding the flange over the measuring tube. In such a case, release of the grip sets the flange in place and friction between the flange and the measuring tube allows the flange to stay in place.

[0032] Optionally, the flange has a length Lr. The length Lr is 2-10%, preferably 4-8%, of the length L of the measuring tube of the insertion tool. In one example, Lr may be from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 to 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10% of L. Optionally, the flange is made of a polymeric material, such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyetheretherketone, and / or combinations thereof. The flange can have various shapes, for example, rounded rectangular, oval, elliptical, circular, etc.

[0033] The insertion tool may further include a tip cover having a distal end and a proximal end, and arranged to retract inside the distal end of the measuring tube when the tip cover is arranged to remain outside the cervical channel during insertion. The distal end of the tip cover has a rounded spherical configuration to prevent the measurement tube from entering the cervical canal of the subject. The proximal end of the tip cover is movably arranged within the inner surface of the measuring tube at the distal end of the measuring tube. During insertion of the IUS, when the insertion tool is pushed towards the subject, the tip cover slides back (i.e., towards the handle body) and engages with the inner surface of the measuring tube. Optionally, the tip cover is movably attached to the outer surface of the measuring tube and slides over the measuring tube.

[0034] The insertion tool further includes a finger holder movably arranged to surround the handle body. The finger holder can be used as a support for fingers (e.g., two fingers) to conveniently push the piston toward the distal end of the handle body during the IUS insertion process. According to one embodiment, in the assembled state of the insertion tool, only the optional tip cover, the flange, and the means for reversibly locking the removal thread (e.g., the thread lock) are movable, and the other parts of the insertion tool are locked. The other parts of the insertion tool are only released at a certain time during use (i.e., during the IUS insertion process). For example, the finger holder is initially locked in the insertion tool. Optionally, the finger holder includes one or more hooks that lock the movement of the finger holder in the insertion tool. In one embodiment, the finger holder includes two hooks, such as a first hook and a second hook, that can be locked in corresponding recesses provided in the distal end of the handle body. During the IUS insertion process, when the piston is fully inserted into the handle body, the finger holder is unlocked and moves toward the proximal end of the handle body. Also, the lock that holds the measuring tube against the handle body after the finger holder moves to the proximal end of the handle body is released. In one example, one or more clamps can be used to lock the measuring tube against the handle body. The proximal portion of the measuring tube moves inside the handle body until the flange abuts against the distal end of the handle body. Thus, various portions of the insertion tool are released at specific times during the IUS insertion process, thereby providing an intuitive and enhanced experience for the medical professional and a comfortable experience for the subject during the IUS insertion process.

[0035] The finger holder may be disposed at a proximal end of the handle body. The finger holder may have one or two ring-like or semi-ring-like structures to provide a grip for at least two fingers. Alternatively stated, the finger holder may be in the form of a circle extending outwardly from diametrically opposed sides of the outer surface of the handle body at its proximal end. In such an embodiment, the finger holder is movably disposed on the handle body. Optionally, the finger holder is fixedly disposed on the handle body.

[0036] The insertion tool further includes a means for reversibly locking a removal thread of the intrauterine system disposed in the handle body. According to one embodiment, the means for reversibly locking the removal thread includes a rotatable knob disposed in a first position to lock the removal thread between the handle and the knob and disposed in a second position to allow the removal thread to be moved relative to the handle body. Optionally, the knob and the handle body include corresponding configurations that allow locking the removal thread when the knob is in the first position.

[0037] In another embodiment, the means for reversibly locking the removal thread may be a roller-like mechanism around which the removal thread is wound. The removal thread may be locked when the roller-like mechanism rolls in one direction (e.g., forward) and released when the roller-like mechanism rolls in the other direction (e.g., reverse). In one example, the roller-like mechanism may be a pinion with a corresponding mate, located in an opening in the handle body.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the insertion tool further includes a piston attached to the plunger and arranged to move the plunger, the piston being movably arranged inside the handle body. The piston is arranged at a proximal end of the handle body. Furthermore, the proximal end of the piston includes a pressing member. The pressing member is provided, for example, on the thumb of a user of the insertion tool. When the pressing member of the piston is pressed, the piston enters the interior of the handle body and advances further toward the distal end of the handle body. In one example, the pressing member may be integrated into the piston during an injection molding process. Also, the plunger locks between the engagement portions of the piston described above. In the IUS insertion process, when the piston is pressed forward toward the distal end of the handle body, the plunger is pushed into the cervical canal and partially into the uterine cavity.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the piston is hollow to allow the removal thread of the intrauterine system to pass through the piston. The piston is a hollow tubular structure that allows the removal thread to pass through. In one example, the IUS may be preloaded into the insertion tool in the sales package. In the preloaded state of the IUS, one end of the removal thread remains connected to the aforementioned first locking part of the IUS, while the other end of the removal thread passes through the plunger and the piston and emerges from the handle body around the means for reversibly locking the removal thread.

[0040] According to one embodiment, the piston includes a means for preventing removal of the piston from inside the handle body. The piston may include a means for preventing removal from inside the handle body at a distal end of the piston. In one example, the means for preventing removal of the piston from inside the handle body may be at least one protrusion extending from an outer surface of the piston at a distal end of the piston. The at least one protrusion prevents accidental removal of the piston from the handle body. In another example, two protrusions may be attached or disposed on the outer surface of the piston. The two protrusions may extend in two geometrically opposite directions from the outer surface of the piston. Optionally, the means for preventing removal of the piston from inside the handle body may be in the form of a ring that fits the inner diameter of the handle body.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the process of IUS insertion into the uterus (i.e., the operational stages of the insertion tool described above, if used), will be described using an IUS with an anchoring portion as an example, as follows.

[0042] Typically, prior to insertion, the IUS is stored in a sales package at least partially inside the insertion tool (i.e., preloaded in the insertion tool). A removal thread (also a guide thread) is attached to a first end of the frame of the IUS (i.e., the end that first enters the uterus), and the other end of the removal thread is attached to the handle body. According to one embodiment, the IUS is preloaded in the insertion tool such that a small portion of the IUS protrudes from the insertion tool, and the remainder of the IUS is surrounded and protected by the tip cover. In one example, about 10 mm of the frame is left outside the insertion tool (i.e., outside the tip cover of the measuring tube) in the preloaded state. The insertion tool is used in a sterile condition with a pair of sterile gloves worn by the user (e.g., a medical professional). The insertion process then begins with the adjustment of the flanges.

[0043] A) Flange adjustment: The flange is manually moved at a specified position on the measuring tube with the help of an insertion depth indicator on the outer surface of the measuring tube. The specified position refers to the length of the uterine cavity + the length of the cervical canal previously measured during uterine sounding. In one example, the gripping surfaces provided on the two diametrically opposite sides of the flange can be used to press the outer part towards the inner part of the flange.

[0044] After adjustment of the flanges, the steps differ slightly depending on whether the insertion tool includes a tip cover or not. Below, both variants are disclosed (step B for devices without tip cover, step B″ for devices with tip cover).

[0045] B) First IUS insertion stage: the measuring tube is passed through the vagina towards the cervix. The inserter is positioned so that the distal end of the measuring tube reaches the cervical opening (i.e. the external orifice) and the first end (i.e. the tip) of the IUS is located inside the cervical opening. At this stage, the piston is in an extended state and the aforementioned pressing member of the piston is away from the proximal end of the handle body.

[0046] B') First IUS insertion stage: The measuring tube is passed through the vagina towards the cervix. The inserter is positioned so that the tip cover reaches the cervical opening (i.e., the external orifice) and the first end (i.e., the tip) of the IUS is located inside the cervical opening. The entire inserter is then gently pushed towards the subject, which causes the tip cover to move backwards (i.e., towards the handle body) and a portion (e.g., about 30 mm) of the frame to be released from the inserter at the cervical canal. As the tip cover moves backwards, it locks itself inside the measuring tube. Alternatively, the cervical opening prevents the tip cover from moving forward with the inserter, instead forcing the tip cover to enter the inside of the measuring tube and lock onto the inner surface of the distal part of the measuring tube. The inserter is gently pushed towards the subject until resistance, typically physical pressure, from the inserter is felt by the user. The measuring tube itself is not passed through the cervical canal at any stage of movement during the IUS insertion process, thereby reducing discomfort during the IUS insertion process. At this stage, the piston is in an extended state, the aforementioned pushing member of the piston being spaced apart from the proximal end of the handle body.

[0047] C) Second IUS insertion stage: While maintaining firm contact of the measuring tube (if a tip cover is used, the contact point of the tip cover, i.e. the tip of the insertion tool) to the cervix, the piston is pressed from its proximal end towards the distal end of the handle body. The finger holder can be used as a support for the fingers (e.g. two fingers) to conveniently press the piston towards the distal end of the handle body. The IUS, under the influence of the removal thread held firmly (when attached to the handle body), leaves the insertion tool and starts to form a loop. The movement of the piston moves the plunger attached to the piston, which presses the end of the frame (i.e. the second lock mentioned above), thus releasing more of the frame from the insertion tool into the uterine cavity. Before the piston is completely inside the handle body, the piston opens the lock of the finger holder, thus allowing its movement. The movement of the finger holder (while the piston and plunger are not moving) allows the IUS to take its final shape, but does not move further in the uterus. The finger holder also opens the lock on the plunger and piston, locking the IUS into its final shape after the user manipulates the piston (pushing it towards the distal end of the handle body). Thus, the user pushes the piston while holding the finger holder tightly, and the locking piece in the handle ensures said movement.

[0048] Thus, when the finger holder contacts the proximal end of the handle body (and the movement of the piston inside the handle body stops), the IUS is outside the insertion tool and the locking parts (i.e., the first locking part and the second locking part) of the IUS lock. The piston is locked inside the handle body by the finger holder snap hook so that the user cannot pull it back. The locking of the measuring tube is opened, allowing its movement.

[0049] D) Third IUS insertion stage: The entire insertion tool is pushed towards the patient until the flange meets the handle body. In this stage, part of the measuring tube travels inside the handle body (i.e. towards the medical professional). This pushes the IUS into the correct position within the uterus. In other words, the IUS moves to its fundus position and the entire IUS is accurately positioned within the uterine cavity.

[0050] E) Release of removal thread and removal of insertion tool: The removal thread is released. The removal thread is released by rotating the means for reversibly locking the removal thread. In one embodiment, the means for reversibly locking the removal thread includes a rotatable knob that is rotated from a first position to a second position to allow the removal thread to be moved relative to the handle body and further to allow the removal thread to be released. Optionally, the removal thread is released by pressing a thread cutting button provided on the handle body. When the thread cutting button is pressed, a cutter blade inside the handle body cuts the removal thread. The insertion tool is positioned such that the removal thread is cut and approximately 2-3 cm is visible outside the cervix (i.e., outside the external opening and approximately 2-3 cm inside the vagina and detectable by touch). The insertion tool is then withdrawn from the subject, indicating the completion of the IUS insertion process by the insertion tool.

[0051] Instead of a piston, a different means for moving the plunger may be used in the IUS insertion process, as described above, but it should be understood that the use of a piston makes the operation of the insertion tool much more convenient. For example, a slider disposed on the handle body may be used to move the plunger. Furthermore, in another embodiment, instead of the tip cover moving inside the measuring tube (e.g., in the first IUS insertion stage as described above), the tip cover slides over the distal end of the measuring tube and locks itself onto the outer surface of the measuring tube. In such a case, the tip cover may need to be made from two parts instead of one piece (i.e., if the tip cover is drawn inside the measuring tube, the tip cover is made in one piece). Furthermore, additional welding may be required to assemble the two parts of the tip cover onto the measuring tube. The insertion tool is also suitable for other types of IUS other than those described herein.

[0052] The present disclosure also provides a kit including an inserter and an intrauterine system (IUS). The inserter for the kit is as described above. The various embodiments and variations described above apply mutatis mutandis to the kit.

[0053] Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a kit including an IUS and an insertion tool, which allows for efficient and convenient insertion of the IUS into the uterus. The IUS straightens out when loaded (by the manufacturer) into the insertion tool, and with the aid of the locking portion, returns to the desired shape when inserted into the uterine cavity (i.e., when in a deployed state). Furthermore, the disclosed IUS achieves a smooth shape, such as a triangular, annular, or rounded shape, in the deployed state. Such a smooth shape of the IUS not only ensures proper fit of the IUS within the uterus, but also reduces the risk of potential perforation of the endometrium. Furthermore, the frame segments, bend segments, and locking portions of the IUS allow the IUS to achieve a desired continuous smooth shape in its deployed state. Beneficially, the aforementioned IUS provides an intuitive insertion experience to the medical professional. Moreover, the insertion tool of the above-mentioned kit allows for an overall increase in the successful insertion rate of the IUS with no or minimal discomfort to the subject. Furthermore, since the insertion tool does not include an insertion tube that enters the uterine cavity, the risk of uterine penetration during insertion is minimized.

[0054] The IUS includes a frame. The frame has a flexible tubular structure designed to conform to the anatomy of the cervix and uterine cavity. The flexible structure allows the frame to easily bend into a shape and withstand the strain and stress associated with that shape. For example, the frame can be stretched into a generally straight line (i.e., a straight configuration) during insertion of the IUS using the insertion tool described above (or another suitable insertion tool), and achieves a predetermined shape when placed in the uterine cavity with the aid of the anchors. Optionally, the frame may have a triangular, annular, elliptical, circular, polygonal, or almond shape in the deployed state.

[0055] Optionally, the frame has a predominantly essentially circular cross section, with the width W being the diameter of the frame. The frame preferably has a smooth cross section. More optionally, the frame may have an oval or elliptical cross section to prevent damage to the uterine cavity. The width W of the frame may be in the range of 1.5-3.5 mm. The width W is typically from 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1 or 3.3 mm to 1.7, 1.9, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1, 3.3 or 3.5 mm. Beneficially, the smooth circular cross section and the small diameter of the frame facilitate frictionless and nearly painless insertion of the IUS into and out of the cervix and uterus, minimizing the risk of perforation of the uterine fundus. Additionally, the manufacturing material of the frame provides the necessary elasticity for the IUS during use. The elasticity of the frame prevents expulsion of the IUS from the uterine cavity and displacement within the uterine cavity due to uterine contractions, as the flexible frame counteracts the stresses caused by uterine contractions.

[0056] Optionally, the frame is manufactured from a material selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyetheretherketone and thermoplastic polyurethane. Typically, the frame is made of an inert, biocompatible material of an elastomeric composition.

[0057] The bending segments, such as the first bending segment and the second bending segment, allow the frame to bend appropriately to achieve a desired shape. Furthermore, the aforementioned removal thread guides the first locking portion and the second locking portion to lock together, thereby providing a desired shape. In this specification, the removal thread also means a plurality of threads. The removal thread is attached in any suitable manner, such as by knotting or adhesive.

[0058] Optionally, the frame may include at least one diagnostic means for positioning the IUS in the uterine cavity without physical intervention. In one example, the at least one diagnostic means may be a radiopaque agent such as barium sulfate, e.g., up to 20 wt% (weight percent) of the polymeric / elastomeric material of the frame. In another example, the at least one diagnostic means may be a ferromagnetic agent or an agent detectable by ultrasound or fluoroscopic imaging of the IUS in its deployed state. Optionally, the at least one diagnostic means is provided as an inert metal coated on at least a portion of the frame of the IUS, or as a partial metal ring, e.g., made of silver, embedded in the IUS.

[0059] The frame has a first end, a second end, and a length L defined as the distance from the first end to the second end. Typically, the term "first end" refers to the end closer to the uterus of the subject during insertion of the IUS (also referred to as the distal end), and the term "second end" refers to the end opposite the first end, i.e., closer to a user such as a medical professional during insertion of the IUS by use of an insertion tool (also referred to as the proximal end). Optionally, the length L of the frame ranges from 50 to 110 millimeters (mm) in a straight configuration (i.e., when loaded into an insertion tool). The length L may typically be from 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, or 100 mm to 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, or 110 mm. The frame of the IUS, once deployed at a desired location in the uterine cavity, can achieve a predetermined configuration (length x width) in the range of 25 x 23 mm to 31 x 28 mm, preferably 26 x 25 mm. In the deployed state, the length is typically 25, 27, or 29 mm to 27, 29, or 31 mm. Similarly, in the deployed state, the width is typically 23, 25, or 27 to 24, 26, or 28 mm. In one example, the frame of a triangular IUS in the deployed state may be 26.6 x 24.5 mm (length x width). In another example, the frame of a triangular IUS in the deployed state may be 26.2 x 24.3 mm (length x width).

[0060] Further, the first end of the frame includes a first locking portion, and the second end of the frame includes a second locking portion, and the first locking portion and the second locking portion are configured to form a lock. The first locking portion and the second locking portion extend overhanging from the first end and the second end of the frame, respectively. Optionally, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are geometrically complementary structures, such as, for example, hook and loop, pin and loop (or slot), or clamp and column. It will be understood that the first locking portion and the second locking portion having geometrically complementary structures contact and engage with each other in the deployed state in the uterus. The first locking portion mechanically interacts with the second locking portion to lock the frame to properly position the IUS in the uterus. During locking, the first locking portion is directly and non-displaceably held by the second locking portion, thereby locking the frame in a desired shape. While unlocked, the first and second locking portions reside in a disengaged state, e.g., in a straight configuration at least partially inside the insertion tool, or in a configuration in which the IUS has not yet been fully inserted (or released) into the uterine cavity. It will be appreciated that external influences, such as uterine contractions, do not affect the locking of the frame when the first locking portion is locked to the second locking portion. In one embodiment, the width of the first and second locking portions may be greater than the width W of the frame. The width of the first and second locking portions may be in the range of 1.5 to 4 mm. The width of each of the first and second locking portions is typically from 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, or 3.5 mm to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, or 4 mm. In particular, the materials of manufacture of the first and second anchors render the IUS, including the first and second anchors, highly malleable, such that the effective width and maximum outer diameter of the IUS is less than 3.7 mm, preferably less than 2.9 mm.

[0061] Optionally, the first locking portion is a pin and the second locking portion is a loop, and the pin is configured to be permanently inserted into the loop. Engagement of the pin with the loop ensures that a substantial portion of the pin is engaged with the loop. Preferably, the pin has a knob-like structure and the loop has a complementary recess or aperture-like structure for more efficient pin-loop engagement. Engagement of the pin with the loop provides a desired shape to the frame in a deployed state in utero.

[0062] Optionally, the first locking portion is a hook and the second locking portion is a loop, and the hook is configured to be permanently inserted into the loop. The hook engages with the loop to lock the frame in a desired shape in a deployed state of the IUS in the uterus. Optionally, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are made from the same material used to make the frame. Optionally, the first locking portion is a clamp and the second locking portion is a column. The geometrically complementary structures of the clamp and the column lock into each other in a deployed state in the uterus.

[0063] According to one embodiment, the second locking portion is designed to completely accommodate the first locking portion when the locking portions are locked together. Such an embodiment ensures that when combined with an insertion tool, as described below, the first locking portion does not come into contact with the insertion tool plunger.

[0064] Optionally, the frame includes first, second and third frame segments having a width W defined as the dimension perpendicular to the length, the first and second frame segments being connected via a first bend segment and the second and third frame segments being connected via a second bend segment. The width W of the first, second and third frame segments is essentially the same as the width of the frame. The width W of the first, second and third frame segments can be in the range of 1.5 to 3.5 mm. The width W is typically from 1.5, 1.7, 1.9, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1 or 3.3 mm to 1.7, 1.9, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1, 3.3 or 3.5 mm. The first and second bend segments allow the frame to bend a predetermined distance to allow the frame to achieve a desired triangular shape in the deployed state in utero. Typically, the flexion segment is thinner in at least one dimension than the frame segment to allow the frame segment to bend efficiently during insertion so that the IUS obtains its correct shape. However, the flexion segment (as a whole IUS) must withstand a force when the IUS is withdrawn, which is usually defined as 12 N. Therefore, it may be beneficial to make the flexion segment wider than the frame segment in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the flexion segment is thinner than the frame segment.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the first and third frame segments are slightly curved, i.e., not completely straight. The radius can be, for example, 120-155% of the maximum dimension of the IUS when the IUS is locked into shape. Thus, the radius can be from 120, 125, 130, 135 or 140% to 130, 135, 140, 145, 150 or 155% of the maximum dimension, for example, about 45 mm. This helps the IUS to rotate correctly during insertion, thus minimizing discomfort to the patient and penetration of the uterine wall.

[0066] Optionally, the first bent segment is disposed at a first distance D1 from the first end, and the second bent segment is disposed at a second distance D2 from the first end, the first distance D1 being 25-40% of the length L, and the second distance D2 being 55-80% of the length L. The first distance D1 is typically from 25, 30 or 35% to 30, 35 or 40% of the length L. The first distance D1 may typically be from 12.5 mm to 44 mm, preferably from 17.5 mm to 28 mm. In one example, the first distance D1 is 32-34% of the length L of the frame, i.e., 16-37.4 mm. Similarly, the second distance D2 is typically from 55, 60, 65, 70 or 75% to 60, 65, 70, 75 or 80% of the length L. In one example, the first distance D2 may be 27.5 to 88 mm, preferably 38.5 to 56 mm. In one example, the second distance D2 is 65 to 67% of the length L of the frame, ie, 32.5 to 73.7 mm.

[0067] The first bent segment has a first width W1 and the second bent segment has a second width W2, the first width W1 may be 5-50% of the width W and the second width W2 may be 5-50% of the width W. More optionally, the first width W1 is 20-30% of the width W and the second width W2 is 20-30% of the width W. The width W1 is typically from 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 or 45% to 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50% of the width W. In one example, the width W1 may be 0.1-2 mm, preferably 0.4-1.2 mm. Similarly, the width W2 is typically from 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, or 45% to 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50% of the width W. For example, the width W2 may be 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably 0.4 to 1.2 mm. Thus, the first width W1 and the second width W2 may be substantially the same.

[0068] In another embodiment, the first width W1 of the first bend segment and the second width W2 of the second bend segment are greater than the width W of the frame segment. For example, W1 can be 100-150% of W and W2 can be independently 100-150% of W. Indeed, W1 and W2 can be independently selected to be from 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, or 140% to 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 154, or 150% W.

[0069] Optionally, the cross-section of the frame at the first and second bend segments has an essentially concave shape, and the first width W1 and the second width W2 are the smallest dimensions of the cross-section. The concave shape of the cross-section of the frame at the first and second bend segments allows bending of the IUS. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the frame at the first and second bend segments can have different shapes, as long as the frame can be bent into a desired shape. For example, there may be a notch on at least one side of each of the first, second, or third bend segments and the second bend segment to allow the frame to be bent into a desired shape.

[0070] Optionally, the frame includes a bend point that allows the IUS to be removed. The bend point is a weak portion compared to other portions of the frame. In one embodiment, the bend point is provided in a mid-section of the frame that does not have a lock at its end, such as the mid-portion of the second frame segment. Alternatively, the bend point may be provided in other portions of the frame, so long as it facilitates bending or breaking of the frame of the IUS. In one embodiment, during removal of the IUS from the IUS, when the removal thread is pulled, the IUS is bent at the bend point, thus breaking the circular or triangular shape of the frame, thereby allowing the "folded" frame to be removed through the cervical channel. The bend point should be designed so that the IUS does not bend in the wrong direction during insertion. In another embodiment, when the removal thread is pulled, the IUS breaks at the bend point.

[0071] The IUS includes a removal thread attached to a first end of the frame. As used herein, the term "removal thread" refers to a thread (i.e., a string) that is attached to the IUS at one end and used to remove the IUS at the end of the wearing period (approximately 3-10 years, preferably 5-7 years). The removal thread is not only used for removal and / or replacement of the IUS at a later time during the wearing period, but also to detect (e.g., as an indication) whether the IUS is in the correct position within the uterine cavity after it has been deployed in the uterus. Additionally, the removal thread is typically used to hold the IUS in place relative to the insertion tool when it is in the sales package.

[0072] The removal thread is further configured to guide the first locking portion to the second locking portion. The removal thread guides the first locking portion to contact the second locking portion and further engage the first locking portion with the second locking portion to provide the IUS inside the uterine cavity with a desired shape. Alternatively, the removal thread guides the first locking portion to the second locking portion such that they engage and lock with each other when the removal thread is pulled. Strain during pulling the removal thread causes the first locking portion to be immovably inserted into the second locking portion, thereby locking the frame in the desired shape. Optionally, the first end of the frame has an attachment means for coupling the removal thread. Attachment means include, but are not limited to, for example, openings, perforations, recesses, protrusions, notches, and the like.

[0073] The IUS includes at least one pharmacoactive agent. In one example, the pharmacoactive agent may be a hormone, a drug or drug analog, an active pharmaceutical ingredient, or a health-promoting substance with contraceptive or other healing properties. Such pharmacoactive agents function by either thickening cervical mucus, altering the endometrium to make it unsuitable for egg implantation, stopping ovulation, or acting as a COX1 / COX2 inhibitor. In one example, the pharmacoactive agent may provide and / or enhance protection against various microbial infections, such as bacterial infections, fungal infections, and / or sexually transmitted diseases. The IUS may also include two or more pharmacoactive agents.

[0074] Optionally, the pharma- ceutical active agent is progesterone and its derivatives, estrogen, progestin, levonorgestrel, cyproterone acetate, desogestrel, etonogestrel, lynestrenol, medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethisterone, norethisterone acetate, norgestimate, drospirenone, gestodene, 19-nor-17-hydroxyprogesterone esters, 17a-ethynyltestosterone and its derivatives, 17a-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone and its derivatives. derivatives of, ethynodiol diacetate, dydrogesterone, norethynodrel, allylstrenol, medrogestone, norgestrienone, ethisterone and dl-norgestrel, and androgenic steroids, e.g. danazol and gestrinone, naproxen, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, flurbiprofen, indomethacin, diclofenac, piroxicam, meloxicam, ketoprofen, gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists, progesterone receptor antagonists, e.g. For example, mifepristone (11β-4-dimethylaminophenyl-17β-hydroxy-17α-propynyl-4,9-estradien-3-one), uliprister acetate, (11β,17β)-17-hydroxy-11-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-17-(pentafluoroethyl)-estra-4,9-dien-3-one, 17α-acetoxy-11β-[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl]-21-methoxy-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20dione, 17α-acetoxy-11β-(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione, 11β-(4-acetylphenyl)-17β-hydroxy-17α-(1,1,2,2,2 pentafluoroethyl)-4,9-estradien-3-one, asoprisnil (benzaldehyde-4-[(11β,17β)-17-methoxy-17-(methoxymethyl)-3-oxoestra-4,9-dien-11-yl)]-1-oxime).

[0075] The hormone agent can be, for example, levonorgestrel, and the COX inhibitor can be indomethacin. It will be understood that the pharmacoactive agent is administered in an appropriate amount, for example, the maximum feasible amount suitable for the subject. Furthermore, the amount of the pharmacoactive agent (i.e., the dosage) will vary depending on the particular pharmacoactive agent, the intended use, the duration of action, the release rate and the duration of treatment, and the age and medical condition of the subject. Furthermore, the pharmacoactive agent typically has a pH level suitable for the uterus. Thus, the IUS can not only function as a long-acting reversible contraceptive method, but can also be used for various other uses, such as treating medical conditions, uterine bloating, pain, etc., depending on the pharmacoactive agent delivered through the IUS.

[0076] Optionally, at least one pharma- ceutical active agent is disposed within the frame. In one example, the at least one pharma- ceutical active agent is dispersed or dissolved in the material of the frame prior to its manufacture. In one embodiment, the at least one pharma- ceutical active agent is provided in one of the three frame segments, i.e., the first, second, or third frame segments. In another embodiment, the at least one pharma- ceutical active agent is provided in all three frame segments.

[0077] Optionally, the at least one pharma- ceutical active agent is disposed in at least one capsule, and the capsule is disposed to surround the frame at a majority of its length L. Specifically, the at least one capsule is a drug container containing the pharma- ceutical active agent. The at least one capsule disposed to surround the frame can also provide the frame of the IUS with the necessary rigidity at such a portion of the length of the frame. The at least one capsule is disposed to surround at least one of the first frame segment, the second frame segment, or the third frame segment, and the first locking portion, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, and the second locking portion are free from the at least one capsule.

[0078] Optionally, the at least one capsule is disposed to surround the frame along its entire length, except for the first and second locking portions. The at least one capsule is disposed to surround the first, second, and third frame segments. In such case, the at least one capsule has sufficient flexibility to bend at the bend segment.

[0079] Optionally, the at least one capsule is made from poly(dimethylsilicone), siloxane-based elastomers, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, ethyl acetate, polyolefin-based elastomers, silicone-containing thermoplastics, polyurethanes, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone. Further optionally, the at least one capsule is made from a biocompatible polymer matrix. Examples of biocompatible polymer matrices include, but are not limited to, copolymers of dimethylsiloxane and methylvinylsiloxane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, acrylic acid polymers, ethylene / propylene copolymers, ethylene / ethylacrylate copolymers, poly(methacrylates), polymethylmethacrylate, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-isobutylene-styrene copolymers, poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate), polyethers, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene glycol, polymethylpentene, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyorthoesters, hydrophilic polymers (such as hydrophilic hydrogels), crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, neoprene rubber, and butyl rubber.

[0080] In one embodiment, the at least one capsule is selected from a matrix system and a core-membrane system. In one example, the matrix system may be a polymer matrix, such as a siloxane-based elastomer, in which the pharma- ceutical active agent is dispersed or dissolved. In another example, in a core-membrane system, the at least one capsule may include a pharma- ceutical active agent core and a membrane that encases the pharma- ceutical active agent core. The core may be a hollow tube-like structure assembled on a frame (surrounding the frame at most a portion of its length L) to deliver the pharma- ceutical active agent at a controlled rate in the uterus. The membrane may be a permeable layer composed of an inert material that prevents direct contact between the pharma- ceutical active agent and biological fluids in the uterus. Additionally, the membrane layer may regulate the release rate of the pharma- ceutical active agent by acting as a diffusion layer surrounding the pharma- ceutical active agent core. In one embodiment, the membrane may surround the at least one capsule from all directions, resulting in a closed capsule. In another embodiment, the at least one capsule is not completely surrounded by a membrane. In one embodiment, the membrane is more permeable compared to the pharma- ceutical active agent core, allowing the pharma- ceutical active agent to come into contact with biological fluids.

[0081] Optionally, the cross section of at least one capsule is selected from circular and elliptical. For example, the capsule can have a round, circular, oval or elliptical cross section, as long as the shape is suitable for insertion into the cervix and uterus. Optionally, the outer diameter of the capsule is within the range of 2 to 3.5 mm, preferably about 2.9 mm. The outer diameter of the capsule is typically from 2, 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1 or 3.3 mm to 2.1, 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, 2.9, 3.1, 3.3 or 3.5 mm.

[0082] Optionally, the IUS includes at least two capsules. In one example, the at least two capsules are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other on the frame. Preferably, when the IUS is inserted into the uterine cavity, the at least two capsules do not contact each other. Optionally, the number of capsules may be three, four, etc., depending on the different types of therapeutic agents to be administered.

[0083] Optionally, the IUS includes a first capsule arranged to surround the first frame segment, a second capsule arranged to surround the second frame segment, and a third capsule arranged to surround the third frame segment, where the first lock, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, and the second lock are not capsule-free. In this embodiment, the first capsule, the second capsule, and the third capsule provide sufficient rigidity to the frame during the insertion process and can further help the IUS achieve a desired continuous smooth shape (i.e., a predetermined configuration) in its deployed state. The first lock, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, and the second lock are capsule-free to cause the necessary bending and / or shaping of the frame of the IUS.

[0084] Optionally, the capsules contain different pharmacoactive agents. Optionally, the first capsule, the second capsule and the third capsule may be identical or different in structure and may contain the same or different pharmacoactive agents. In one example, the first capsule may contain a first pharmacoactive agent such as a progestin, the second capsule may contain a second pharmacoactive agent such as diclofenac, and the third capsule may contain a third pharmacoactive agent such as levonorgestrel. Furthermore, the release of pharmacoactive agents from at least two capsules may be performed simultaneously or one after the other, depending on the release rate of the pharmacoactive agents achieved and their respective interactions with the body fluids in the uterus.

[0085] Optionally, the first pharma- ceutical active agent is disposed in a capsule, the capsule is disposed to surround the frame at most a portion of its length L, and the second pharma- ceutical active agent is disposed in the frame. The capsule affects the release rate of the pharma- ceutical active agent in the uterus. At least one pharma- ceutical active agent dispersed or dissolved in the manufacturing material of the frame has a release rate of the pharma- ceutical active agent different from the release rate of the pharma- ceutical active agent disposed in the capsule. It will be understood that the release rate of the pharma- ceutical active agent depends on the permeability of the manufacturing material of the frame and / or the capsule.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the frame is obtained by an injection molding process. One capsule is placed to surround a part of the frame forming the capsule-frame assembly. However, if there is more than one capsule, the capsule can be placed anywhere on the frame and at least the first and second locks can be released from the capsule depending on the desired shape of the IUS to be achieved.

[0087] In another exemplary aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an intrauterine system, the intrauterine system comprising: a frame having a first end, a second end, and a length L defined as the distance from the first end to the second end; a removal string attached to a first end of the frame; a copper wire disposed around at least a portion of the frame; A first end of the frame includes a first locking portion and a second end of the frame includes a second locking portion, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are arranged to form a lock, and the removal thread is configured to guide the first locking portion to the second locking portion.

[0088] According to this embodiment, the copper wire disposed around at least a portion of the frame functions as a contraceptive by preventing fertilization of an egg by sperm. A copper IUS (i.e., an IUS that includes copper) is hormone-free and therefore a good option for women who, for medical reasons, prefer or are recommended to use non-hormonal birth control methods.

[0089] According to one embodiment, the IUS is pre-installed (or pre-loaded) into the insertion tool in a sterile distribution package that protects the contents of the kit from environmental and mechanical factors.

[0090] Detailed Description of the Drawings 1A, a perspective view of an assembled insertion tool 1100 preloaded with an IUS 1102 is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The insertion tool 1100 includes a handle body 1104 having a proximal end 1106 and a distal end 1108. The insertion tool 1100 further includes a measurement tube 1110 having a proximal end 1112 and a distal end 1114. The proximal end 1112 of the measurement tube 1110 is movably attached to the distal end 1108 of the handle body 1104. The insertion tool 1100 further includes a tip cover 1116 having a distal end 1118 and a proximal end 1120. The tip cover 1116 is positioned to retract inside the distal end 1114 of the measurement tube 1110. The insertion tool 1100 further includes a flange 1122 movably positioned around the measurement tube 1110. A finger holder 1124 is movably disposed about the handle body 1104. The insertion tool 1100 further includes a means 1126 for reversibly locking a removal suture of the IUS 1102. The means 1126 for reversibly locking a removal suture is disposed on the handle body 1104. The insertion tool 1100 further includes a piston 1130 movably disposed inside the handle body 1104.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 1B, a perspective view of the unassembled insertion instrument 1100 of FIG. 1A having the IUS 1102 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The insertion instrument 1100 has a distal end 1134, a proximal end 1136, and a length L defined as the distance between the distal end 1134 and the proximal end 1136 p and further includes a plunger 1132. In the assembled state of the insertion instrument 1100, the plunger 1132 is movably disposed inside the handle body 1104 and the measurement tube 1110. Further, a first cover portion 1138A and a second cover portion 1138B of the handle body 1104 are shown. The handle body 1104 has a length L defined as the distance between the distal end 1108 and the proximal end 1106 h which is. Note that the length L p is greater than the length L h . Further, a first portion 1140A and a second portion 1140B of the measurement tube 1110, a first portion 1142A and a second portion 1142B of the finger holder 1124, and a first portion 1144A and a second portion 1144B of the piston 1130 are shown. Further, a flange tip cover 1116 and means 1126 for reversibly locking the removal thread of the IUS 1102 are shown. In the assembled state of the insertion instrument 1100, the tip cover 1116 houses the frame 1146 of the IUS 1102 in a straight configuration (i.e., the pre-loading state of the IUS 1102 in the insertion instrument 1100 before insertion of the IUS 1102 into the uterus). Further, a flange 1122, a finger holder 1124, and means 1126 for reversibly locking the removal thread of the IUS 1102 are shown.

[0092] Additionally, a close-up view of the IUS 1102 is shown in FIG. 1C. The IUS 1102 includes a frame 1146 having a first end 1148 and a second end 1150, with a length L defined as the distance from the first end 1148 to the second end 1150. The frame 1146 is straightened when loaded into the insertion tool 1100 in an assembled state prior to inserting the IUS 1102 into the uterus. The first end 1148 of the frame 1146 includes a first locking portion 1152, and the second end 1150 of the frame 1146 includes a second locking portion 1154. In this embodiment, the first locking portion 1152 is a pin and the second locking portion 1154 is a loop. The first locking portion 1152 and the second locking portion 1154 have complementary structures to allow the pin to be permanently inserted into the loop. A first stop 1152 at a first end 1148 of the frame 1146 includes an opening 1156 for receiving the removal string 1128 .

[0093] 2A, a perspective view of an insertion tool piston and plunger subassembly 1200 is shown according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The piston and plunger subassembly 1200 shows the placement of a plunger 1202 within a piston 1204. The plunger 1202 includes a means 1206 for preventing its removal from inside the handle body and the piston 1204 of the insertion tool.

[0094] 2B shows a cross-sectional view of a piston and plunger subassembly 1200 of an insertion tool according to one embodiment of the disclosure. In the piston and plunger subassembly 1200, a plunger 1202 is attached to a piston 1204. Also shown is an enlarged view of a distal portion of the piston and plunger subassembly 1200 to show an engagement portion 1208 of the piston 1204. The plunger 1202 locks between the engagement portions 1208 of the piston 1204.

[0095] 3A shows a schematic diagram of an insertion tool 1300 with an enlarged view of a first section 1302 of the insertion tool 1300 to show a piston 1304 movably disposed inside the handle body 1306, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The piston 1304 includes a means 1308 for preventing removal of the piston 1304 from inside the handle body 1306. Additionally, an enlarged view of a second section 1310 of the insertion tool 1300 is shown to show a first hook 1312 of a finger holder 1314 that is locked within a first recess 1316 of the handle body 1306 and is released during the insertion process when the piston is moved toward the distal end of the handle body for a first portion of the movement.

[0096] 3B shows a schematic diagram of the insertion tool 1300 with a close-up of a fourth section 1324 of the insertion tool 1300 to show the clamp 1326 securing the measurement tube 1328, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The clamp 1326 secures the measurement tube 1328 such that the measurement tube 1328 is movably attached inside the distal end 1330 of the handle body 1306. Once the IUS is fully inside the uterus and the locking portions are locked together, the clamp is opened towards the insertion end by a piston.

[0097] 3C shows a schematic diagram of the insertion tool 1300 with a close-up of a fifth section 1332 of the insertion tool 1300 to show the placement of the tip cover 1334 within the measurement tube 1328. In the fifth section 1332, the IUS 1336 is shown pre-loaded into the insertion tool 1300 such that a small portion of the frame 1338 of the IUS 1336 protrudes from the insertion tool 1300 and the remaining portion of the frame 1338 is surrounded and protected by the tip cover 1334. Additionally, a close-up of the IUS 1336 is shown. The frame 1338 of the IUS 1336 has a first end 1340 and a second end 1342. The frame 1338 is straightened and extended when loaded into the insertion tool 1300 prior to inserting the IUS 1336 into the uterus. The first end 1340 of the frame 1338 includes a first stop 1344 and the second end 1342 of the frame 1338 includes a second stop 1346. In this embodiment, the first stop 1344 is a pin and the second stop 1346 is a loop. The IUS 1336 further includes a pharma- ceutical active agent disposed within the frame 1338. The frame 1338 further includes a first frame segment 1348, a second frame segment 1350, and a third frame segment 1352. The first frame segment 1348 and the second frame segment 1350 are connected to each other via a first bend segment 1354. The second frame segment 1350 and the third frame segment 1352 are connected to each other via a second bend segment 1356. A removal thread 1358 is attached to the opening of the first stop 1344. The fifth section 1332 further shows a distal end 1360 of a plunger 1362 configured to cooperate with the second stop 1346. The plunger 1362 is hollow to allow the removal string 1358 of the IUS 1336 to pass through the plunger 1362.

[0098] 4A-4H show different views of the insertion tool 1400 illustrating various stages of operation for positioning the IUS 1402 in the uterus, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4A, the adjustment of the flange 1404 on the measurement tube 1406 of the insertion tool 1400 is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The flange 1404 is manually moved to a designated position on the measurement tube 1406 with the help of an insertion depth indicator 1408 on the outer surface of the measurement tube 1406. The designated position refers to the length of the uterine cavity plus the length of the cervical canal previously measured during uterine sounding. The flange 1404 once set does not move during the insertion process of the IUS 1402. Additionally, a portion of the frame 1412 of the IUS 1402 outside the insertion tool 1400 in a preloaded state is shown. Further, in the preloaded state, the removal string 1414 is coupled to one end (i.e., the first end) of the frame 1412 and passes through the insertion tool 1400, with a portion of the removal string 1414 emerging from the handle body 1416 of the insertion tool 1400. The rotatable knob 1418 is disposed in a first position to lock the removal string 1414 between the handle body 1416 and the rotatable knob 1418.

[0099] 4B and 4C show one embodiment of the flange 1404 in more detail. In this embodiment, the flange 1404 includes a snap lock 1410 that is originally in an "open" position, where the snap lock 1410 is open and the flange can be easily moved. Once the flange is in the correct position (on the insertion depth indicator 1408), the snap lock 1410 is closed by pressing the flange, thus bringing the snap lock to the "closed" position.

[0100] 4D illustrates a first insertion stage of the IUS 1402 using the insertion tool 1400, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In this stage, the insertion tool 1400 is shown moving from a first state 1424 (left) to a second state 1426 (right). In the first state 1424 (left), the tip cover 1422 is shown in an extended position. The measurement tube 1406 is passed through the vagina 1428 toward the cervix. The insertion tool 1400 is positioned such that the tip cover 1422 reaches the cervical opening and the first end (i.e., tip) of the IUS 1402 is located inside the cervical opening. At this stage, the entire insertion tool 1400 is gently pushed toward the subject, which causes the tip cover 1422 to move backwards inside the handle body 1416.

[0101] In a second state 1426 (right side), the tip cover is retracted inside the handle body 1416, releasing a portion of the frame 1412 from the insertion tool 1400 into the cervical canal 1430 and partially into the uterine cavity 1432. The second state 1426 further shows the distal end 1434 of the tip cover having a round bulbous structure to prevent the measurement tube 1406 from entering the cervical canal 1430. At this stage, the pushing member 1436 of the piston 1438 is still separated from the proximal end 1440 of the handle body 1416 (i.e., the piston 1438 is in an extended state).

[0102] 4E, a second insertion stage of the IUS 1402 using the insertion tool 1400 is shown according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In this stage, in operation 1442 (left side), the piston 1438 is pressed from its proximal end against the pressing member 1436 while maintaining a firm contact of the distal end 1434 of the tip cover (i.e., the tip of the insertion tool 1400) against the cervix. The finger holder 1446 is used as a support for fingers (e.g., two fingers in this case) to conveniently press the piston 1438 towards the handle body 1416.

[0103] The piston 1438 is pushed from the proximal end until the piston 1438 is completely inside the handle body 1416 and no further movement of the piston 1438 is allowed (i.e., movement of the piston 1438 stops). The IUS 1402 begins to exit the insertion tool 1400, forming a loop within the uterine cavity 1432. Movement of the piston 1438 moves a plunger 1450 attached to the piston 1438, which pushes against the end of the frame, thus releasing more of the frame from the insertion tool 1400 and forming a loop within the uterine cavity 1432.

[0104] In operation 1448 (right side), after the piston has fully entered the handle body 1416, the finger holder 1446 is unlocked and moved towards the proximal end of the handle body 1416. At this stage, the IUS 1402 is outside the insertion tool 1400 and the IUS 1402 is at the entrance to the uterine cavity 1432. At this stage, the plunger also locks itself inside the insertion tool 1400 and cannot be moved further by pushing the piston.

[0105] 4F illustrates the step where the locking portion of the IUS 1402 locks while the IUS 1402 is at the entrance to the uterine cavity 1432. The measuring tube 1406 is released and can therefore move again.

[0106] 4G, a third insertion stage of the IUS 1402 using the insertion tool 1400 is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In this stage, the insertion tool 1400 is pushed towards the patient until the flange 1404 meets the handle body 1416 (i.e., a portion of the proximal end of the measurement tube 1406 is inside the distal end 1454 of the handle body 1416). During this stage, the IUS 1402 moves to its fundus position and the entire IUS 1402 is accurately positioned within the uterine cavity 1432.

[0107] 4H, there is shown the release of the removal string 1414 using the insertion tool 1400 after the IUS 1402 has been deployed in the uterine cavity, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. At this stage, the removal string 1414 is released using the rotatable knob 1418. The rotatable knob 1418 is moved from its initial first position to a second position to allow the removal string 1414 to be moved relative to the handle body 1416 and ultimately released.

[0108] 4I, removal of the insertion device 1400 from the subject is shown in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. The insertion device 1400 is withdrawn from the vagina 1428 to indicate completion of the insertion process of the IUS 1402 by the insertion device 1400.

[0109] 5A, a schematic diagram of an insertion tool 1500 in an assembled state preloaded with an IUS 1502 is shown according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The insertion tool 1500 includes a handle body 1504 having a proximal end 1506 and a distal end 1508. The insertion tool 1500 further includes a measuring tube 1510 having a proximal end 1512 and a distal end 1514. The proximal end 1512 of the measuring tube 1510 is movably attached to the distal end 1508 of the handle body 1504. The insertion tool 1500 further includes a flange 1522 movably disposed around the measuring tube 1510. A finger holder 1524 is disposed on the handle body 1504. In this embodiment, the finger holder 1524 is ring-shaped, i.e., in the form of a circle extending outward from diametrically opposed sides of the outer surface of the handle body 1504 at its proximal end 1506. The insertion tool 1500 further includes a means 1526 for reversibly locking a removal suture of the IUS 1502. The means 1526 for reversibly locking a removal suture is disposed on the handle body 1504. The insertion tool 1500 further includes a piston 1530 movably disposed inside the handle body 1504.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 5B, a perspective view of the insertion tool 1500 of FIG. 5A in an unassembled state is shown according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The insertion tool 1500 further includes a plunger 1532 having a distal end 1534 and a proximal end 1536. In the assembled state of the insertion tool 1500, the plunger 1532 is movably disposed inside the handle body 1504 and the measuring tube 1510. The handle body 1504 has a first cover portion 1538A and a second cover portion 1538B. Further shown are the first portion 1540A and the second portion 1540B of the measuring tube 1510, and the first portion 1542A and the second portion 1542B of the piston 1530. Further shown are a means 1526 for reversibly locking a removal suture of the IUS 1502, as well as a flange 1550.

[0111] 6 illustrates a perspective view of an IUS 100 in a loaded configuration, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the IUS 100 includes a frame 102 having a first end 104, a second end 106, and a length L defined as the distance from the first end 104 to the second end 106. The frame 102 is straightened and stretched when loaded into an insertion tool prior to inserting the IUS 100 into a uterus. The first end 104 of the frame 102 includes a first hook 108, and the second end 106 of the frame 102 includes a second hook 110. In this embodiment, the first hook 108 is a hook and the second hook 110 is a loop. Additionally, an outer diameter 112 (i.e., maximum outer diameter) of the IUS 100 is illustrated. The IUS 100 further includes a pharma- ceutical active agent disposed within the frame 102.

[0112]

[0033] Referring now to Figure 7, a schematic diagram of the IUS 100 of Figure 6 is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the frame 102 of the IUS 100 is a triangular shaped frame. A first anchor 108 at a first end 104 of the frame 102 and a second anchor 110 at a second end 106 of the frame 102 are positioned to form a deployed anchor 202 in the uterus.

[0113] The frame 102 further includes a first frame segment 204, a second frame segment 206, and a third frame segment 208. The first frame segment 204 and the second frame segment 206 are connected to each other via a first bend segment 210. The second frame segment 206 and the third frame segment 208 are connected to each other via a second bend segment 212. The width W of the first frame segment 204, the second frame segment 206, and the third frame segment 208 is the same as the width of the frame 102. Further, the first bend segment 210 having a first width W1 and the second bend segment 212 having a second width W2 are shown. In this embodiment, the cross section of the frame 102 at the first bend segment 210 and the second bend segment 212 has an essentially concave shape 214. The first width W1 and the second width W2 are the smallest dimensions of the cross section of the frame 102. In this embodiment, the first width W1 is essentially the same as the second width W2, with each of the first width W1 and the second width W2 being approximately 25% of the width W. The smaller cross-section (i.e., localized thinning) at the first bend segment 210 and the second bend segment 212 compared to other portions of the frame 102 facilitates bending the frame 102 into a triangle. The frame 102 further includes a bend point 216 that facilitates removal of the IUS 100, if desired.

[0114] The IUS 100 further includes a removal string 218 attached to the first end 104 of the frame 102. Specifically, the removal string 218 is coupled to an opening 220 in the first holdup 108 at the first end 104 of the frame 102. The removal string 218 is configured to guide the first holdup 108 towards the second holdup 110. Additionally, a length 222 and a width 224 of the frame 102 of the triangular shaped IUS 100 in a deployed state within the uterus are shown.

[0115] 8, a schematic diagram of an IUS 300 is shown, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The IUS 300 includes a frame 302 having a first end 304 and a second end 306. In this embodiment, the frame 302 is a triangular shaped frame. The first end 304 of the frame 302 includes a first lock 308 and the second end 306 of the frame 302 includes a second lock 310. The first lock 308 and the second lock 310 are arranged to form a lock 312. The first lock 308 is a hook and the second lock 310 is a loop, with the hook arranged to be non-removably inserted into the loop.

[0116] The frame 302 further includes a first frame segment 314, a second frame segment 316, and a third frame segment 318. The first frame segment 314 is connected to the second frame segment 316 via a first bend segment 320. Similarly, the second frame segment 316 is connected to the third frame segment 318 via a second bend segment 322. In this embodiment, the frame 302 further includes two bend points 324 that allow for removal of the IUS 300. The area between the two bend points 324 is a weaker portion of the frame 302 compared to other portions of the frame 302.

[0117] The IUS 300 further includes a removal thread 326 attached to the first end 304 of the frame 302. The removal thread 326 is received in an opening 328 in the first anchor 308. The removal thread 326 is configured to guide the first anchor 308 toward the second anchor 310. The IUS 300 further includes four capsules, a first capsule 330, a second capsule 332, a third capsule 334, and a fourth capsule 336. The first capsule 330 has a shorter length compared to the other capsules 332, 334, 336. The capsules 330, 332, 334, and 336 contain the same or different pharma- ceutical active agents.

[0118] 9A, a schematic diagram of an IUS 400 in a loaded configuration is shown according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the IUS 400 includes a frame 402 having a first end 404 and a second end 406, with a length L defined as the distance from the first end 404 to the second end 406. The frame 402 is straightened and extended when loaded into an insertion tool (i.e., in the loaded configuration) prior to inserting the IUS 400 into the uterus. The first end 404 of the frame 402 includes a first latch 408, and the second end 406 of the frame 402 includes a second latch 410. In this embodiment, the first latch 408 is a pin and the second latch 410 is a loop. The first latch 408 and the second latch 410 have complementary structures to allow the pin to be permanently inserted into the loop. The first anchor 408 of the IUS 400 includes an opening 412 for receiving a removal suture.

[0119] The frame 402 further includes a first capsule 414, a second capsule 416, a third capsule 418, and a fourth capsule 420. The first capsule 414 and the second capsule 416 are disposed to surround a first frame segment 422 and a second frame segment 424, respectively. The third capsule 418 and the fourth capsule 420 are disposed to surround a third frame segment 426 of the frame 402. Additionally, a first flex segment 428 and a second flex segment 430 are shown. The first frame segment 422 is connected to the second frame segment 424 via the first flex segment 428, and the second frame segment 424 is connected to the third frame segment 426 via the second flex segment 430.

[0120] 9B, there is shown a perspective view of the IUS 400 of FIG. 9A, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the first catch 408 is a pin and the second catch 410 is a loop, i.e., having geometrically complementary configurations such that the pin substantially engages the loop in a deployed state of the IUS 400 in the uterus.

[0121] 9C, a schematic cross-sectional view of an IUS 400 in a deployed state is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In the deployed state, the frame 402 of the IUS 400 assumes a triangular shape when the first and second catches 408 and 410 engage to form a catch 432. The frame 402 further includes a bend point 434 that allows the IUS 400 to be removed. In this embodiment, the bend point 434 is located in a middle section of the second bend segment 430 and is a weaker portion compared to other portions of the frame 402. Further shown are a first capsule 414 disposed to surround the first frame segment 422, a second capsule 416 disposed to surround the second frame segment 424, a third capsule 418 disposed to surround a portion of the third frame segment 426, and a fourth capsule 420 disposed to surround another portion of the third frame segment 426 of the frame 402, respectively. The first hook 408 includes an opening 412 for receiving a removal string 436. The removal string 436 guides the first hook 408 against and further engages the second hook 410 to impart the desired triangular shape to the frame 402 in the deployed uterus.

[0122] 9D, there is shown a perspective view of the IUS 400 of FIG. 9C in a deployed state, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the first and second stops 408, 410 have geometrically complementary configurations such that the first stop 408 substantially engages the second stop 410 to form a deployed stop 432 in the uterus.

[0123] FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an IUS 500 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The IUS 500 includes a frame 502 having a first end 504 and a second end 506. The first end 504 of the frame 502 includes a first locking portion 508, and the second end 506 of the frame 502 includes a second locking portion 510. The first locking portion 508 and the second locking portion 510 have geometrically complementary structures in a clamp and column arrangement such that the first locking portion 508 can be locked to the second locking portion 510. The first locking portion 508 includes an opening 512 for receiving a removal suture. The frame 502 further includes a first capsule 514, a second capsule 516, and a third capsule 518 spaced apart to surround a portion of the frame 502. In this embodiment, the frame 502 has a rounded rectangular tubular cross section. In a deployed state in utero, the frame 502 bends at two bending segments 520 and 522 that are devoid of capsules, namely, first capsule 514 , second capsule 516 , and third capsule 518 .

[0124] 11A-11D are schematic diagrams of an IUS and a frame of an IUS according to one embodiment, illustrating how the IUS is locked into shape. Indeed, FIG. 11A shows a frame 602 of an IUS. The figure also shows a first end 604 of the frame and a second end 606 of the frame. The first end 604 of the frame 602 includes a first stop 608 and the second end 606 of the frame 602 includes a second stop 610. In this embodiment, the first stop 608 is a knob and the second stop 610 is a loop.

[0125] The frame 602 further includes a first frame segment 612, a second frame segment 614, and a third frame segment 616. The first frame segment 612 and the second frame segment 614 are connected to each other via a first bend segment 618. The second frame segment 614 and the third frame segment 616 are connected to each other via a second bend segment 620. The widths of the first frame segment 612, the second frame segment 614, and the third frame segment 616 are less than the widths of the stops 608 and 610. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the frame 602 at the first bend segment 618 and the second bend segment 620 has an essentially concave shape. Furthermore, the widths of the bend segments are greater than the widths of the frame segments. The frame 602 further includes a bend point 622 that facilitates removal of the IUS 600, if necessary.

[0126] FIG. 11B shows the IUS in a form in which it can be stored in a sales package, i.e., before it is inserted inside an insertion tool including capsule 624 and removal string 626. FIG. 11C and FIG. 11D show the steps of closing the IUS and locking it into the IUS shape once it is released into the uterus. FIG. 11B shows how the frame 602 is bent by pulling the removal string 626. In FIG. 11C, the first end 604 of the frame 602 is in contact with the second end 606 of the frame, and in FIG. 11D, the first end 604 is pulled through the second end 606, thus locking the IUS 600 into shape.

[0127] Modifications may be made to the embodiments of the disclosure described above without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The terms "including," "comprising," "incorporating," "have," "is," and the like, used to describe and claim the disclosure, are intended to be interpreted in a non-exclusive manner, i.e., allowing for the presence of items, components, or elements not expressly described. References to the singular should also be interpreted as relating to the plural. [Explanation of symbols]

[0128] 1100, 1300, 1400, 1500 Insertion Tool 1102, 1336, 1402, 1502 Intrauterine Systems 1104, 1306, 1416, 1504 Handle body 1106, 1440, 1506 Proximal end 1108, 1330, 1454, 1508 Distal end 1110, 1328, 1406, 1510 measuring tube 1112, 1512 Proximal end 1114, 1514 Distal end 1116, 1334, 1422, 1516 Tip cover 1118, 1434, 1518 Distal end 1120, 1520 Proximal end 1122, 1404, 1522 flanges 1124, 1314, 1446, 1524 Finger holder 1126, 1526 Means for reversibly locking removal thread 1128, 1358, 1414 Removal thread 1130, 1204, 1304, 1438, 1530 Piston 1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532 Plunger 1134, 1360, 1534 Distal end 1136, 1536 Proximal end 1206 Means to prevent plunger removal 1308 Means to prevent piston removal 1418 Rotatable Knob

Claims

1. An insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) for an intrauterine system (1102, 1336, 1402, 1502), comprising: a handle body (1104, 1306, 1416, 1504) having a distal end (1108, 1330, 1454, 1508), a proximal end (1106, 1440, 1506), and a length Lh defined as the distance between said distal end and said proximal end; a measuring tube (1110, 1328, 1406, 1510) having a distal end (1114, 1514) and a proximal end (1112, 1512), the proximal end being movably attached to the distal end of the handle body, with the proviso that the measuring tube is positioned to remain outside of the cervical channel during insertion; A plunger (1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532) having a distal end (1134, 1360, 1534), a proximal end (1136, 1536), and a length Lp defined as a distance between the distal end and the proximal end, the plunger being movably disposed inside the handle body and the measuring tube, the length Lp being greater than the length Lh; A flange (1122, 1404, 1522) movably arranged to surround the measuring tube; A finger holder (1124, 1314, 1446, 1524) movably arranged to surround the handle body; a means (1126, 1526) arranged on the handle body for reversibly locking a removal string (1128, 1358, 1414) of the intrauterine system; An insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) including:

2. 2. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of claim 1, wherein the plunger (1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532) is hollow to allow the removal string (1128, 1358, 1414) of the intrauterine system (1102, 1336, 1402, 1502) to pass through the plunger.

3. 3. The insertion tool of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plunger includes a means for preventing removal of the plunger from inside the handle body.

4. 4. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a piston (1130, 1204, 1304, 1438, 1530) attached to the plunger (1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532) and arranged to move the plunger, the piston being movably arranged inside the handle body (1104, 1306, 1416, 1504).

5. 5. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of claim 4, wherein the piston (1130, 1204, 1304, 1438, 1530) is hollow so that the removal string (1128, 1358, 1414) of the intrauterine system (1102, 1336, 1402, 1502) can pass through the piston.

6. 6. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of claim 4 or 5, wherein the piston (1130, 1204, 1304, 1438, 1530) includes means (1308) for preventing removal of the piston from inside the handle body (1104, 1306, 1416, 1504).

7. 7. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the means (1126, 1526) for reversibly locking the removal thread (1128, 1358, 1414) comprises a rotatable knob (1418) arranged to lock the removal thread between the handle body (1104, 1306, 1416, 1504) and a rotatable knob in a first position (1420), and to allow the removal thread to move relative to the handle body in a second position (1454).

8. 8. The insertion tool of claim 7, wherein the knob and the handle body include corresponding configurations that allow for locking the removal string when the knob is in the first position.

9. 9. The insertion instrument (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a tip cover (1116, 1334, 1422, 1516) having a distal end (1118, 1434, 1518) and a proximal end (1120, 1520), the tip cover being arranged to retract inside the distal end of the measurement tube, provided that the tip cover is arranged to remain outside the cervical channel during insertion.

10. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the length Lh is between 70 and 110 mm.

11. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the length Lp is between 50 and 90 mm.

12. 12. The insertion tool (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a proximal portion of the measurement tube (1110, 1328, 1406, 1510) comprises an insertion depth indicator (1408).

13. A kit comprising an insertion device (1100, 1300, 1400, 1500) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and an intrauterine system (1102, 1336, 1402, 1502), said intrauterine system comprising: a frame (1146, 1338, 1412, 1544) having a first end (1148, 1340, 1546), a second end (1150, 1342, 1548), and a length L defined as the distance from said first end to said second end; a removal string (1128, 1358, 1414) attached to the first end of the frame; at least one pharma- ceutical active agent; Including, A kit, wherein the first end of the frame includes a first locking portion (1152, 1344, 1550) and the second end of the frame includes a second locking portion (1154, 1346, 1552), the first locking portion and the second locking portion are arranged to form a lock, and the removal thread is configured to guide the first locking portion to the second locking portion.

14. The kit of claim 13 , wherein the distal end (1134, 1360, 1534) of the plunger (1132, 1202, 1362, 1450, 1532) is configured to cooperate with the second stop (1154, 1346, 1552).

Images