Structures for defensive positions

Abstract

To provide a rigid structure for a defensive position that can withstand blast of missiles and falling of missile fragments, etc.SOLUTION: A structure 1 for a defensive position protects people, vehicles, and supplies, etc. by containing them inside, and it comprises left and right side walls 2 which are built by arranging concrete blocks 5 in a front-back direction and stacking them vertically, a rear wall 3 which is built by arranging the concrete blocks 5 in a left-right direction and stacking them vertically at a rear end of the left and right side walls 2, and a top slab 4 which is formed by arranging a plurality of erection members 6 to be erected between the left and right side walls 2 at an upper part of the left and right side walls 2. The concrete blocks 5 that build the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3 have a cross-shaped protrusion 51 on top surfaces and a cross-shaped recess 52 on bottom surfaces, and when the concrete blocks 5 are stacked vertically, the protrusion 51 on the top surface of the lower concrete block 5 and the recess 52 on the bottom surface of the upper concrete block 5 fit together.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a defensive position structure that serves to house and protect personnel such as members of the Self-Defense Forces, vehicles, or supplies. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, the tense international situation has increased the threat of attacks by missiles and other weapons. In this situation, there is an urgent need to popularize defensive structures that can withstand the blast waves of missiles and the falling debris of missiles. These defensive structures house people, such as members of the Self-Defense Forces, vehicles, and supplies, and serve to protect the people and vehicles housed therein from the blast waves of missiles and other damage.

[0003] Conventionally, it is known that defensive structures are constructed using box-shaped sandbags filled with soil, crushed stone, etc. (Patent Document 1). A defensive position structure using box-shaped sandbags is constructed by forming a box-shaped cage frame with wire mesh, and filling the inside of this box-shaped cage frame with soil, sand, crushed stone, etc. to create box-shaped sandbags. Next, a number of box-shaped sandbags filled with soil, sand, crushed stone, etc. are prepared, and these box-shaped sandbags are lined up facing forward and backward and stacked up and down to build the left and right side walls. Also, at the rear ends of the left and right side walls, the box-shaped sandbags are lined up facing left and right and stacked up and down to build the rear wall. Next, at the top of the left and right side walls, plate materials are erected between the side walls, and box-shaped sandbags are placed on top of them to form a top plate. This creates a space surrounded by the left and right side walls, the rear wall, and the top plate, and this inner space can accommodate people such as Self-Defense Force personnel, vehicles, or supplies.

[0004] Here, the terms "front / rear" and "left / right" used in this specification will be explained. The front and rear refer to the front and rear in the depth direction of the defensive position structure. In the drawings shown in the present embodiment described later, the front and rear direction is indicated by arrow A. In addition, the left and right refer to the left and right in the width direction of the defensive position structure. In the drawings shown in the present embodiment described later, the left and right direction is indicated by arrow B.

[0005] When constructing a defensive structure, multiple box-shaped sandbags are lined up front to back or left to right and stacked up and down to build the left and right side walls or rear walls. In this case, adjacent box-shaped sandbags are secured to each other front to back, left to right, or up and down by using wire cables to tie adjacent cage frames made of wire mesh together.

[0006] In such conventional defensive structures using box-shaped sandbags, adjacent box-shaped sandbags are secured to each other by tying adjacent cage frames together with wire cables, but the securing parts are fragile. Therefore, when subjected to the impact, explosion pressure, or blast of a missile attack, the securing parts of the box-shaped sandbags break, and the box-shaped sandbags arranged in a row in a front-to-back or left-to-right or stacked one on top of the other may shift or collapse. In other words, there is a problem that the structure cannot withstand the blast of a missile or falling missile fragments. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-94120 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and its object is to provide a robust defensive position structure capable of withstanding the blast of a missile, falling missile fragments, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention is a defensive position structure that serves to accommodate and protect people, vehicles, supplies, etc., and is made up of left and right side walls constructed by lining up concrete blocks facing forward and backward and stacking them up and down, a back wall constructed by lining up concrete blocks facing left and right and stacking them up and down at the rear ends of the left and right side walls, and a top plate formed by lining up a plurality of erection members to be erected between the left and right side walls at the top of the left and right side walls, the concrete blocks constructing the left and right side walls and the back wall have cross-shaped protrusions on their upper surfaces and cross-shaped recesses on their lower surfaces, and when the concrete blocks are stacked up and down, the protrusions on the upper surface of the lower concrete block fit into the recesses on the lower surface of the upper concrete block. At the same time, the concrete blocks are provided with sheath holes penetrating horizontally, and when the concrete blocks are arranged front to back or left to right, PC steel members are inserted into the sheath holes of the concrete blocks arranged front to back or left to right, and the inserted PC steel members are tensioned to connect the concrete blocks arranged front to back or left to right. It is a defensive structure. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, the left and right side walls and the back wall are made of stacked concrete blocks, the top plate is made of a structure formed of multiple erection members, and the concrete blocks are firmly fixed together, making the defensive position structure a sturdy structure. This means that it will not collapse or break even if it is subjected to shock, blast pressure, or blast from a missile attack, etc., and in other words, it can withstand the blast of a missile, falling missile fragments, etc. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of a defensive position structure according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a side view of a defensive position structure according to the present invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a rear view of a defensive position structure according to the present invention. [Figure 4] 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a concrete block, in which FIG. 4A is a front view of the concrete block and FIG. 4B is a side view of the concrete block. [Diagram 5] 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a concrete block, in which FIG. 5A is a plan view of the concrete block and FIG. 5B is a bottom view of the concrete block. [Figure 6] 6A and 6B are views showing another concrete block, where FIG. 6A is a front view of the other concrete block, and FIG. 6B is a plan view of the other concrete block. [Figure 7] 7A and 7B are views showing another concrete block, where FIG. 7A is a front view of the other concrete block, and FIG. 7B is a plan view of the other concrete block. [Figure 8] FIG. 8A is a front view of the first layer of concrete blocks lined up on the left and right side walls and the rear wall, and FIG. 8B is a side view of the first layer of concrete blocks lined up on the left and right side walls and the rear wall. [Figure 9] Figure 9A is a front view of the second layer of concrete blocks stacked on the left and right side walls and the rear wall, Figure 9B is an enlarged view of area X in Figure 9A, and Figure 9C is a side view of the second layer of concrete blocks stacked on the left and right side walls and the rear wall. [Figure 10] FIG. 10A is a front view of a square steel pipe installed between left and right side walls, and FIG. 10B is a side view of the square steel pipe installed between the left and right side walls. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a front view of another defensive position structure according to the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a side view of another defensive position structure according to the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a rear view of another defensive position structure according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] An embodiment of a defensive position structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The defensive position structure in this embodiment is designed to house people, such as Self-Defense Force personnel, vehicles, or supplies, and serves to protect the housed people, vehicles, or supplies from missile blasts, etc. Fig. 1 is a front view of the defensive position structure 1, Fig. 2 is a side view of the defensive position structure 1, and Fig. 3 is a rear view of the defensive position structure 1. In Fig. 1, concrete blocks 5 of a rear wall 3, which will be described later, are omitted in order to make the drawing easier to understand.

[0013] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the defensive position structure 1 consists of left and right side walls 2 and a rear wall 3 constructed using a plurality of concrete blocks 5, and a top plate 4 formed using a plurality of erection members 6.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the left and right side walls 2 are constructed by lining up concrete blocks 5 facing front to back and stacking them one above the other, on the left and right respectively. The concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered pattern, with the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 shifted alternately. When the concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered pattern, concrete blocks 5 with different horizontal lengths (shorter) are placed at the front and rear ends so that the front and rear ends of the side walls form a straight line from top to bottom. However, the method of stacking the concrete blocks 5 is not limited to stacking them in a staggered pattern.

[0015] As shown in Figure 3, the rear wall 3 is constructed by lining up concrete blocks 5 facing left and right and stacking them up and down at the rear ends of the left and right side walls 2. In this rear wall 3 as well, the concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered pattern, with the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 shifted alternately. When the concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered pattern, concrete blocks 5 with different (shorter) horizontal lengths are placed at the left and right ends so that the left and right ends of the rear wall 3 form a straight line vertically. However, the stacking of the concrete blocks 5 is not limited to a staggered pattern.

[0016] Fig. 4 shows a concrete block 5, with Fig. 4A being a front view of the concrete block 5 and Fig. 4B being a side view of the concrete block 5. Fig. 5 also shows the concrete block 5, with Fig. 5A being a plan view of the concrete block 5 and Fig. 5B being a bottom view of the concrete block 5. The concrete block 5 used for the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped with six faces, a front face 5a, a back face 5b, a top face 5c, a bottom face 5d, and two side faces 5e, as shown in Figures 4A, 4B, 5A, and 5B, and has a horizontally long shape. The size of the concrete block 5 is arbitrary, so long as it can be hoisted and transported when constructing the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3.

[0017] As shown in Figs. 4A, 4B, and 5A, four cross-shaped protrusions 51 are provided at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction on the upper surface 5c of the concrete block 5. At the same time, as shown in Figs. 4A, 4B, and 5B, four cross-shaped recesses 52 are also provided at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface 5d. The cross-shaped protrusions 51 and the cross-shaped recesses 52 are of approximately the same size and shape, and when the concrete blocks 5 are stacked one on top of the other, the protrusions 51 on the upper surface 5c of the lower concrete block 5 and the recesses 52 on the lower surface 5d of the upper concrete block 5 fit together to fix the stacked upper and lower concrete blocks 5 to each other. In addition, although not shown, connecting metal fittings are attached to the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 by bolts to the stacked upper and lower concrete blocks 5. This also fixes the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 to each other. Furthermore, if necessary, the concrete blocks 5 arranged front to back or left to right can be fixed together by attaching connecting metal fittings (not shown) to the concrete blocks 5 arranged front to back or left to right with bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, when the concrete blocks 5 are piled up, the concrete block 5 piled up in the uppermost tier does not have a protrusion 51 on its upper surface 5c. This upper surface 5c has a plurality of bolt holes for attaching the erection member 40 with bolts.

[0019] In addition, the concrete blocks 5 having different (shorter) horizontal (longitudinal) lengths to be placed at the ends of the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3 mentioned above have a horizontal length that is half the horizontal length of a concrete block 5 that is normally used, as shown in Figures 6A and 6B, and have two protrusions 51 and two recesses 52 on the upper surface 5c and lower surface 5d. It should be noted that the size of the concrete block 5 or the number of the cross-shaped protrusions 51 and the cross-shaped recesses 52 are not limited to those described above. For example, as shown in Figures 7A and 7B, the horizontal length of the concrete block 5 may be made different (shortened) and the number of the cross-shaped protrusions 51 and the cross-shaped recesses 52 provided on the upper surface 5c and the lower surface 5d may be three.

[0020] Furthermore, the concrete block 5 is provided with two sheath holes 53 that penetrate horizontally (the longitudinal direction of the concrete block 5). When the concrete blocks 5 are lined up front to back or left to right, the concrete blocks 5 lined up front to back or left to right are connected and fixed by inserting prestressing steel members (not shown) into the sheath holes 53 and tensioning the inserted prestressing steel members. The number of sheath holes 53 provided in the concrete block 5 is not limited to two, and there may be one or three or more. In addition, although not shown, the concrete block 5 has a hook mounting hole on its top surface 5c for attaching a hook for lifting, and by attaching a hook to this hook mounting hole, the concrete block 5 can be lifted with a wire via the hook.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the top plate 4 is formed by lining up a plurality of erection members 6 to be erected between the upper parts of the left and right side walls 2. The erection members 6 forming the top plate 4 are square steel pipes 61. That is, a plurality of these square steel pipes 61 are erected in a line facing forward and backward at the upper parts of the left and right side walls 2, and are erected from the front ends to the rear ends of the left and right side walls 2 and up to the top of the rear wall 3. When erecting the square steel pipes 61 between the left and right side walls 2, the square steel pipes 61 are fixed to the upper parts of the left and right side walls 2 with bolts (not shown).

[0022] Sandbags 7 are placed on top of the square steel pipes 61 (installation members 6) that are installed in a line facing forward and backward at the top of the left and right side walls 2. The sandbags 7 are bags filled with soil, crushed stone, etc., and multiple sandbags 7 are placed on the entire top of the square steel pipes 61 that are installed in a line facing forward and backward. However, the sandbags 7 are placed on the square steel pipes 61 as necessary, and there are cases where the sandbags 7 are not placed.

[0023] In this way, the defensive position structure 1 constructed with left and right side walls 2 and rear wall 3 built using concrete blocks 5 and a top plate 4 formed using erection members 6 has an opening at the front, through which people and vehicles, such as Self-Defense Force personnel, can enter and exit, and supplies can be brought in and taken out.

[0024] Next, the construction of the defensive position structure 1 will be described. FIG. 8A is a front view of the first concrete block 5 arranged on the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3, and FIG. 8B is a side view of the first concrete block 5 arranged on the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3. FIG. 9A is a front view of the second concrete block 5 piled up on the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3, FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of the X part in FIG. 9A, and FIG. 9C is a side view of the second concrete block 5 piled up on the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3. FIG. 10A is a front view of the square steel pipe 61 installed between the left and right side walls 2, and FIG. 10B is a side view of the square steel pipe 61 installed between the left and right side walls 2. In FIG. 8A, FIG. 9A, and FIG. 10A, the concrete block 5 on the back wall 3 is omitted to make the drawings easier to understand.

[0025] 8A and 8B, the first layer of concrete blocks 5 on the left and right side walls 2 are lined up facing forward and backward. At the same time, the first layer of concrete blocks 5 on the back wall 3 are lined up facing left and right.

[0026] Next, PC steel members 54 are inserted into the sheath holes 53 of the multiple concrete blocks 5 arranged front to back or left to right, and the PC steel members 54 are tensioned to connect and fix the arranged concrete blocks 5. In this way, the first stage of the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3 is constructed.

[0027] Next, as shown in Figs. 9A, 9B, and 9C, the second concrete blocks 5 are stacked on the left and right side walls 2. In this stacking, the first and second concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered manner with a shift in the front-rear direction. At the same time, the second concrete block 5 is stacked on the rear wall 3. In this stacking, the first and second concrete blocks 5 are stacked in a staggered manner with a shift in the left-right direction. At this time, the protrusion 51 on the upper surface 5c of the first concrete block 5 and the recess 52 on the lower surface 5d of the second concrete block 5 are fitted together to fix the first and second concrete blocks 5 to each other. Furthermore, the first and second concrete blocks 5 are fixed to each other by attaching connecting metal fittings 55 with bolts 56.

[0028] Next, for the second tier of stacked concrete blocks 5, PC steel bars 54 are inserted into the sheath holes 53 of the multiple concrete blocks 5 in the same way as for the first tier of concrete blocks 5, and the PC steel bars 54 are tensioned to connect and secure the lined up concrete blocks 5. In this way, the second tier of left and right side walls 2 and back wall 3 is constructed. When stacking the concrete blocks 5, as shown in Figures 9A and 9C, hooks 57 are attached to the concrete blocks 5, and the concrete blocks 5 are transported by being hoisted by wires 58 via the hooks 57. The concrete blocks 5 are repeatedly stacked up to a predetermined height, thereby constructing the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3.

[0029] Next, after the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3 are constructed, a plurality of square steel pipes 61 are arranged and erected between the upper portions of the left and right side walls 2 to form the top plate 4. That is, as shown in Fig. 10A and Fig. 10B, square steel pipes 61 are hoisted and transported to the upper parts of the left and right side walls 2, and multiple square steel pipes 61 are installed between the left and right side walls 2 in a line facing forward and backward. At this time, the square steel pipes 61 are fixed to the upper parts of the uppermost concrete blocks 5 of the left and right side walls 2 with bolts 66. The installation of these square steel pipes 61 is performed from the front end to the rear end of the left and right side walls 2 and up to the top of the rear wall 3. Next, although not shown, sandbags 7 are placed all over the multiple square steel pipes 61 installed between the left and right side walls 2. As a result, the top plate 4 is formed on the upper parts of the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3.

[0030] In this way, the defensive position structure 1 is constructed by stacking concrete blocks 5 to build the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3, erecting square steel pipes 61 on the top of the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3, and placing sandbags 7 on top of these square steel pipes 61 to form the top plate 4.

[0031] As described above, according to this embodiment, the defensive position structure 1 can be made into a sturdy structure by constructing the left and right side walls 2 and the rear wall 3 by piling up the concrete blocks 5, and the top plate 4 by erecting a plurality of erection members 6. This means that even if it is subjected to the shock, blast pressure, or blast of a missile attack or the like, it will not collapse or break, and in other words, it can withstand the blast of a missile, falling missile fragments, and the like.

[0032] Furthermore, since the construction of the defensive position structure 1 requires only stacking the concrete blocks 5 or erecting the erection members 6, the work can be carried out easily without much effort, thereby enabling the defensive position structure 1 to be constructed quickly.

[0033] Furthermore, in the left and right side walls 2 and the back wall 3, a cross-shaped protrusion 51 is provided on the upper surface 5c of the concrete block 5, and a cross-shaped recess 52 is provided on the lower surface 5d. When the concrete blocks 5 are stacked one above the other, the protrusion 51 and the recess 52 fit together, and the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 can be fixed together. At this time, the fitting protrusion 51 and the recess 52 have a cross shape, so that the number of corners increases. For example, a square shape has four corners, whereas a cross shape has twelve corners. As a result, the protrusion 51 and the recess 52 fit together firmly, and the upper and lower concrete blocks 5 can be firmly fixed together, making the defensive position structure 1 a sturdy structure.

[0034] In addition, multiple concrete blocks 5 lined up front to back or left to right can be firmly fixed together by the tension of the PC steel 54 inserted into the sheath holes 53, which also makes the defensive position structure 1 a sturdy structure.

[0035] Fig. 11 is a front view of another defensive position structure 1, Fig. 12 is a side view of another defensive position structure 1, and Fig. 13 is a rear view of another defensive position structure 1. In Fig. 11, the concrete block 5 of the rear wall 3 is omitted to make the drawing easier to understand.

[0036] In the defensive position structure 1 in the above-described embodiment, the erection members 6 forming the top plate 4 are square steel pipes 61, but this is not limited thereto. For example, the erection members 6 may be concrete blocks 62. That is, in the top slab 4, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13, a plurality of concrete blocks 62 to be erected between the left and right side walls 2 are arranged in the front-rear direction at the upper portions of the side walls 2. [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 1...defensive position structure, 2...side wall, 3...rear wall, 4...top plate, 5...concrete block, 5a...front, 5b...rear, 5c...top, 5d...bottom, 5e...side, 6...erection member, 7...sandbag, 51...protrusion, 52...recess, 53...sheath hole, 54...PC steel, 55...connecting fitting, 56...bolt, 57...hook, 58...wire, 61...square steel pipe, 62...concrete block, 66...bolt.

Claims

1. A defensive structure that serves to house and protect people, vehicles, or supplies, The concrete block is placed in a vertical direction and stacked vertically on the left and right side walls, and the rear wall is placed in a vertical direction on the rear ends of the left and right side walls, and a top plate is placed between the left and right side walls and stacked vertically on the top of the left and right side walls. The concrete blocks that make up the left and right side walls and the back wall have a cross-shaped protrusion on the top surface and a cross-shaped recess on the bottom surface. When the concrete blocks are stacked one on top of the other, the protrusion on the top surface of the lower concrete block fits into the recess on the bottom surface of the upper concrete block. This defensive structure is characterized in that the concrete blocks are provided with sheath holes penetrating horizontally, and when the concrete blocks are lined up front to back or left to right, PC steel is inserted into the sheath holes of the concrete blocks lined up front to back or left to right, and the inserted PC steel is tensioned to connect the concrete blocks lined up front to back or left to right.

2. The defensive position structure according to claim 1, The construction member that forms the top plate of this defensive structure is a square steel pipe.

3. The defensive position structure according to claim 1, A defensive structure in which the construction members that form the top plate are concrete blocks.

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