Material separation device and material separation method

Abstract

To provide a material separation apparatus which performs separation treatment of a material to be treated including three kinds of material particles or more at once and at high accuracy.SOLUTION: A material separation apparatus performs material separation by combining density separation through an air table type density separation mechanism with frictional electrification separation through a frictional electrification separation mechanism using deck vibration of the air table type density separation mechanism. A component constituting a deck surface 10 is a construction material whose work function has intermediate value of work functions of two kinds of material particles among material particles contained in the materials to be treated in which there is no density difference or small difference of density and separation is required. Positive and negative electrode members 2a, 2b are arranged facing with each other at a position of a material put-out part 12 of the deck 1 or in the vicinity thereof so as to sandwich flow of the two kinds of material particles put out from the material put-out part 12. The two kinds of material particles are electrified with plus and minus charge by friction with the deck surface 10 through vibration of the deck 1 and separated by being attracted to the electrode members 2a, 2b according to polarity thereof when being put out from the material put-out part 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a material separation device and a material separation method for separating and recovering a material to be processed (a granular mixture) containing three or more types of material particles by material particle. [Background technology]

[0002] In the iron-making process, refractory runners (blast furnace runners) are used to carry the molten iron, and as wear and tear from melting progresses, these blast furnace runners are dismantled and become used refractories. These used refractories are a mixture of so-called slag line material (refractory material whose main component is SiC; hereafter, for the sake of convenience, we will refer to it as "SL material"), metal line material (refractory material whose main component is Al2O3; hereafter, for the sake of convenience, we will refer to it as "ML material"), and slag material (slag that was attached to the runners). Of these used refractories, SL and ML materials are rich in components that have refractory properties, so it is desirable to separate and recover them in a stable state and recycle them as refractory raw materials.However, if slag material is mixed into the separated and recovered SL and ML materials, their quality as refractory raw materials becomes unstable, making it difficult to use them as recycled raw materials.

[0003] Therefore, in order to recycle used refractories from blast furnace troughs, it is necessary to separate the used refractories into three types: SL material, ML material, and slag material. However, these materials have very similar colors, making it difficult to apply the methods used in conventional refractory recycling, which involve sorting and separating materials based on differences in color. Conventionally, air table type density separation devices that utilize the density difference between material particles have been used as a means of separating mixtures of material particles with different densities (granular mixtures), and are widely used primarily as a sorting technique for recyclable waste (such as waste plastic).

[0004] As shown in Figure 4, this air table type density separation device has a material input section 81 at one end and a material discharge section 82 at the other end, and is equipped with a deck 8 whose deck surface 80 slopes downward from the material input section 81 toward the material discharge section 82 (this slope is called the side slope) and also slopes in the deck width direction (this slope is called the end slope).Air is blown onto the deck surface 80 from multiple air holes formed over the entire surface of the deck surface 80, while the deck 8 is vibrated in the width direction (x direction in the figure), so that the material to be processed (granular mixture) input from the material input section 81 onto the deck surface 80 flows into the material discharge section 82, and the material particles are separated due to density differences.

[0005] In this air table type density separator, low-density particles among the material particles contained in the material to be processed float due to the air flow ejected from the deck surface 80, and are less affected by friction with the vibrating deck surface 80, and therefore move to the lower side of the deck surface 80 inclined in the width direction, while high-density particles are more affected by friction with the vibrating deck surface 80, and move to the higher side of the deck surface 80 inclined in the width direction, and the low-density particles and high-density particles separated in this way are discharged from different positions in the width direction of the material discharge unit 82. In addition, when the material to be processed contains medium-density particles that have a sufficient density difference with respect to the low-density particles and high-density particles, the medium-density particles move to an intermediate position between the higher side and the lower side of the deck surface 80 inclined in the width direction, and are discharged in a state separated from the low-density particles and the high-density particles, so that the material to be processed (granular mixture) can be separated into three types of material particles (low-density particles, medium-density particles, and high-density particles) based on the density difference.

[0006] However, when the medium-density particles contained in the material to be treated do not have a sufficient density difference from the low-density particles or high-density particles, the conventional air table type density separator cannot separate the material to be treated into three types of material particles (low-density particles, medium-density particles, and high-density particles) with high accuracy. Here, when density separating the used refractory material of the above-mentioned blast furnace trough, the slag material is the low-density material, the ML material is the high-density material, and the SL material is the medium-density material, but since there is not a sufficiently large density difference between the SL material and the slag material, the conventional air table type density separator cannot separate the three types of materials, ML material, SL material, and slag material, with high accuracy. On the other hand, in order to improve the accuracy of material separation, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a separation method in which frictional electrification separation is performed on materials (waste containing plastics) before density separation using an air table type density separator, thereby separating materials with small density differences in advance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] JP 2002-59082 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In density separation using conventional air table-type density separators, three or more types of material particles can be separated with high precision if there is a sufficient density difference. However, there is a problem that if there is not a sufficient density difference between the medium-density particles and the low-density particles or the high-density particles, only low-precision separation is possible. On the other hand, the method of Patent Document 1 improves the separation accuracy when three or more types of material particles are separated, but has the problem of being time-consuming and costly because it requires two steps: a frictional charging separation step and a density separation step using an air table-type density separator.

[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a material separation device and a material separation method that solves the problems of the conventional technology as described above, and can separate and process a material to be processed (granular mixture) containing three or more types of material particles that require separation with high accuracy in one go, and separate and recover each material particle with high purity. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The material separation device and material separation method of the present invention combine density separation using an air table type density separation mechanism with frictional charging separation using a frictional charging separation mechanism that utilizes the vibration of the deck (table) of this mechanism, making it possible to separate and process the material to be processed (granular mixture) containing three or more types of material particles with high precision in one go, and has the following features.

[0011] [1] A deck (1) having one end side constituting a material input section (11) and the other end side constituting a material discharge section (12), the deck surface (10) being inclined downward from the material input section (11) toward the material discharge section (12) and inclined in the deck width direction; A material separating device equipped with an air table type density separating mechanism, in which air is blown onto the deck surface (10) from a plurality of air holes formed in the deck surface (10) while the deck (1) is vibrated in the width direction, so that material particles are separated due to density differences as the granular material to be processed, which is fed onto the deck surface (10) from a material feeding section (11), flows into a material discharging section (12), A member constituting at least the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is made of a material having a work function that is an intermediate value between the work functions of two types of material particles that have no or only a small density difference but need to be separated, among the material particles contained in the material to be processed; A material separating device characterized in that a positive electrode member (2a) and a negative electrode member (2b) are provided opposite each other in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12) of a deck (1) or in a position adjacent thereto, so as to sandwich the flows of the two types of material particles dispensed from the material dispensing section (12).

[0012] [2] The material separation device according to [1] above, wherein the member constituting the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is a plating layer or lining that covers the deck body. [3] In the material separating apparatus according to the above [1] or [2], a material to be processed is a material to be processed in which two types of material particles (x1), (x2) that have no or only a small density difference but require separation are discharged from a material discharging section (12) in a state in which separation of the material particles has partially occurred due to the density difference, A material separating device characterized in that, in the width direction of a material dispensing section (12), a positive electrode member (2a) is arranged on the side where material particles (x1) with a higher work function are dispensed in greater numbers, and a negative electrode member (2b) is arranged on the side where material particles (x2) with a lower work function are dispensed in greater numbers. [4] The material separation apparatus according to any one of the above items [1] to [3], characterized in that the material separation apparatus treats used refractory material. [5] A material separation apparatus according to any one of the above items [1] to [3], characterized in that the material separation apparatus treats used refractory material from a blast furnace trough.

[0013] [6] A deck (1) having one end side constituting a material input section (11) and the other end side constituting a material discharge section (12), the deck surface (10) being inclined downward from the material input section (11) toward the material discharge section (12) and inclined in the deck width direction; A material separating method using a material separating device (A) equipped with an air table type density separating mechanism, in which air is blown onto the deck surface (10) from a plurality of air holes formed in the deck surface (10) while the deck (1) is vibrated in the width direction, so that material particles are separated due to density differences as the granular material to be processed is fed onto the deck surface (10) from a material feeding section (11) and flows into a material discharging section (12), The material separating device (A) comprises a member constituting at least the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) made of a material having a work function which is an intermediate value between the work functions of two types of material particles which have no or only a small density difference but need to be separated among the material particles contained in the material to be processed, and a positive electrode member (2a) and a negative electrode member (2b) are provided opposite each other in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12) at or near the material dispensing section (12) of the deck (1) so as to sandwich the flows of the two types of material particles dispensed from the material dispensing section (12); Among the material particles contained in the material to be processed that has been put on the deck surface (10), the two types of material particles and other material particles are separated by the air table type density separation mechanism based on the difference in density; A material separation method characterized by: charging one of the two types of material particles positively and the other negatively due to friction caused by vibration of the deck (1); and separating the two types of material particles by making the negatively charged material particles attracted to the positive electrode member (2a) and the positively charged material particles attracted to the negative electrode member (2b) as they are discharged from the material discharge section (12).

[0014] [7] The material separation method according to [6] above, characterized in that the member constituting the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is a plating layer or lining that covers the deck body. [8] The material separation method according to the above [6] or [7], wherein the material to be processed is discharged from the material discharge unit (12) in a state in which separation of the material particles due to the density difference has partially occurred among the material particles contained in the material to be processed, the material particles being two types of material particles (x1), (x2) that have no or a small density difference but require separation, A material separation method, characterized in that, in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12), a positive electrode member (2a) is arranged on the side where material particles (x1) with a higher work function are dispensed in greater numbers, and a negative electrode member (2b) is arranged on the side where material particles (x2) with a lower work function are dispensed in greater numbers. [9] The material separation method according to any one of the above items [6] to [8], characterized in that the material separation method targets used refractory material.

[10] The material separation method according to any one of the above [6] to [8], characterized in that the material separation method targets used refractory material in a blast furnace trough. Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, by combining density separation by an air table type density separation mechanism and frictional charging separation by a frictional charging separation mechanism that utilizes the vibration of the deck (table) of this mechanism, it is possible to separate and process the material to be processed (granular mixture) containing three or more types of material particles with high accuracy at once, and to separate and recover each material particle with high purity. Therefore, it is possible to separate used refractories from blast furnace troughs into three types, SL material, ML material, and slag material, with high accuracy, and to separate and recover each of them with high purity. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a material separating device according to the present invention and its usage. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of positive and negative electrode members according to the physical properties (density, work function) of material particles to be separated in the material separation device of the present invention. [Diagram 3] Graph showing the purity of separated and recovered materials when used refractory materials in a blast furnace trough are separated and treated by the material separation device of the present invention and a conventional material separation device in the examples. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional air table type density separator and its usage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] The material separation device of the present invention is a material separation device that combines an air table type density separation mechanism and a frictional electrification separation mechanism that utilizes the vibration of the deck (table) of this mechanism.By combining both mechanisms in this way, it is possible to separate and process the material to be processed (granular mixture) containing three or more types of material particles with high precision in one go. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a material separating apparatus A of the present invention and a typical usage situation. This material separating apparatus A is provided with an air table type density separating mechanism having a deck 1 (table) on which density separation of materials is performed, similar to a conventional air table type density separating apparatus.

[0018] The deck 1 is composed of a bottom plate 13, the upper surface of which constitutes the deck surface 10, and side plates 14a, 14b erected on both sides thereof, with one end being the material input section 11 (material inlet) and the other end being the material discharge section 12 (material outlet). The planar shape of the deck 1 is trapezoidal, widening from the material input section 11 toward the material discharge section 12, to prevent material particles from overlapping during the density separation process. Moreover, usually, baffle plates are erected at the positions indicated by 15 in the drawing on the deck surface 10 (bottom plate 13) of the deck 1. These baffle plates are provided to retain the material to be treated that has been introduced onto the deck 1 on the deck surface 10, while allowing density separation to proceed.

[0019] The deck surface 10 of the deck 1 slopes downward from the material input section 11 toward the material discharge section 12 (this slope is called a side slope), and also slopes in the deck width direction (this slope is called an end slope). A plurality of small air holes (not shown) are formed over the entire surface of the deck surface 10 (bottom plate 13) of the deck 1, and air is ejected from these air holes onto the deck surface 10. The deck 1 is supported by the device body 3 so that it vibrates in its width direction. The direction in which the deck 1 vibrates is usually the deck width direction (x direction in the figure), which is slightly diagonally upward. With the air table type density separation mechanism configured as described above, like the conventional air table type density separation device, the materials to be processed are fed from the material feed section 11 onto the deck surface 10 and separated based on their density differences as they flow to the material discharge section 12.

[0020] Furthermore, in this material separating device A, as a frictional charging separation mechanism, at least the deck surface 10 of the deck 1 is made of a specific material, and a positive electrode member 2a and a negative electrode member 2b are provided in the material dispensing section 12 or in its vicinity for attracting charged material particles on the deck surface 10. That is, first, at least the members constituting the deck surface 10 of the deck 1 are made of a material having a work function that is an intermediate value between the work functions of two types of material particles that need to be separated but have no or a small density difference among the material particles contained in the material to be processed. As a result, when the material to be processed is put into the deck 1, one of the two types of material particles that need to be separated becomes positively charged and the other material particle becomes negatively charged due to friction with the deck surface 10 caused by the vibration of the deck 1.

[0021] Here, for example, when the object to be treated is used refractory material of a blast furnace trough, as described above, the density difference between the SL material and the slag material is small, and it is difficult to perform density separation with high accuracy. If the SL material and the slag material are two types of material particles that have a small density difference but need to be separated among the material particles contained in the material to be treated, the work function of SiC, the main component of the SL material, is about 4.5 eV, the work function of CaO, the main component of the slag material, is about 1.6 eV, and it is considered that the work functions of the SL material and the slag material are also close to these values. Therefore, the material that constitutes at least the deck surface 10 of the deck 1 is made of a material having a work function that is an intermediate value between these work functions (4.5 eV, 1.6 eV). Specifically, since the work function of zinc is about 3.6 eV and the work function of carbon is about 4.0 eV, for example, the material that constitutes the deck surface 10 is a zinc plating layer or a carbon fiber lining (coating layer) that covers the deck body. In the present invention, it is sufficient that the material of at least the components constituting the deck surface 10 has a work function as described above, so the plating layer or lining covering the deck body as described above may be made of such a material, or the entire deck 1 may be made of such a material.

[0022] In order to attract, separate and recover the positively and negatively charged material particles as described above when they are dispensed from the material dispensing unit 12, a positive electrode member 2a and a negative electrode member 2b are provided opposite each other in the width direction of the material dispensing unit 12 at or near the material dispensing unit 12 so as to sandwich the flows of the two types of material particles dispensed from the material dispensing unit 12. In this embodiment, the positive electrode member 2a and the negative electrode member 2b are each composed of an electrode plate, but are not limited to this. A predetermined voltage is applied to the positive electrode member 2a and the negative electrode member 2b so that they can attract each of the charged material particles dispensed from the material dispensing unit 12.

[0023] In this embodiment, a positive electrode member 2a and a negative electrode member 2b are provided on the outside of the material dispensing unit 12, and the material particles dispensed from the material dispensing unit 12 and falling are attracted to the positive electrode member 2a and the negative electrode member 2b. However, for example, the positive electrode member 2a and the negative electrode member 2b may be incorporated at the position of the material dispensing unit 12. In addition, the polarity of each of the positive and negative electrode members 2a, 2b may be switchable. Also, since frictional charging separation may occur on the high-density particle side depending on the material being processed, the position of each of the positive and negative electrode members 2a, 2b may be adjustable in the width direction of the material dispensing section 12.

[0024] Furthermore, depending on the material to be processed, two types of material particles x1, x2, which have a small density difference but require separation, may be dispensed from the material dispensing section 12 in a state where some separation of the material particles has occurred due to the density difference (i.e., a state where the separation is not sufficient, but some degree of material separation has occurred), among the material particles contained in the material to be processed, depending on the material to be processed, and when such a material is to be processed, it is preferable to arrange the positive electrode member 2a on the side in the width direction of the material dispensing section 12 where the material particles x1 with the higher work function are dispensed in greater amounts, and to arrange the negative electrode member 2b on the side where the material particles x2 with the lower work function are dispensed in greater amounts. This is because, when two types of material particles x1, x2 requiring separation are dispensed from the material dispensing section 12 with some separation of the material particles occurring due to density difference, if, in the opposite manner to the above, the negative electrode member 2b is arranged on the side where the material particles x1 with the higher work function are dispensed in greater numbers, and the positive electrode member 2a is arranged on the side where the material particles x2 with the lower work function are dispensed in greater numbers, there is a risk that the effect of density separation (some separation of the material particles occurring due to density difference) and the effect of frictional electrostatic separation will cancel each other out (cancel each other out), which may result in a decrease in the accuracy of separation of the material particles.

[0025] This will be explained based on Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of the positive electrode member 2a (positive electrode plate) and the negative electrode member 2b (negative electrode plate) according to the physical properties (density, work function) of the material particles to be separated, and is a front view of the material dispensing unit 12, the positive electrode member 2a, and the negative electrode member 2b. In any of the cases of Fig. 2(a) to (c), the high density material particle x3 is discharged from the material dispensing unit 12 in a density-separated state with respect to the low density or medium density material particles x1, x2. Note that high W means a high work function, and low W means a low work function. Figure 2(a) shows a case where there is almost no density difference between the two types of material particles x1, x2 that need to be separated, and therefore the material particles x1, x2 are dispensed from the material dispensing section 12 in a mixed state.In this case, the positions at which the positive electrode member 2a and the negative electrode member 2b are placed are arbitrary, and they may be placed in the position shown in Figure 2(a) or in a position opposite to that.

[0026] In contrast, in Fig. 2(b) and (c), there is a certain density difference between two kinds of material particles x1 and x2 that need to be separated, and the material particles are dispensed from the material dispenser 12 in a state where the separation of the material particles due to the density difference has occurred (i.e., the separation is not sufficient, but the material has been separated to some extent). In this case, it is preferable to arrange the positive electrode member 2a on the side where the high W particles x1 are dispensed in large quantities, and the negative electrode member 2b on the side where the low W particles x2 are dispensed in large quantities. For example, in Fig. 2(b), if the negative electrode member 2b is arranged on the side where the high W particles x1 are dispensed in large quantities, and the positive electrode member 2a is arranged on the side where the low W particles x2 are dispensed in large quantities, the material particles that have been separated due to the density difference will be attracted to the electrode member on the far side, so not only will the separation due to the density difference not be utilized, but the effect of density separation and the effect of charge separation may cancel each other out. This is also the case in Fig. 2(c).

[0027] Next, the use and action of the material separating device A of the present invention (i.e., the material separating method of the present invention) will be described. Here, the case will be described where SL material, slag material, and ML material contained in used refractory of a blast furnace runner are assumed, the material to be treated (granular mixture) is composed of medium-density / high W particles x1, low-density / low W particles x2, and high-density particles x3 (however, the density difference between the low-density / low W particles x2 and the medium-density / high W particles x1 is small), and the member constituting the deck surface 10 is made of a material having a work function that is an intermediate value between the work functions of the medium-density / high W particles x1 and the low-density / low W particles x2.

[0028] When the material to be processed is fed from the material feed section 11 onto the deck 1 (deck surface 10) while the deck 1 of the material separating device A is vibrated in the width direction, the low-density particles x2 of the material to be processed float due to the air flow ejected from the deck surface 10, and are less affected by friction with the vibrating deck surface 10, so they move (slide down) to the lower side of the deck surface 10 inclined in the width direction. In addition, the medium-density particles x1, which have a small density difference with the low-density particles x2, also behave similarly to the low-density particles x2. On the other hand, the high-density particles x3 are greatly affected by friction with the vibrating deck surface 10, so they move to the higher side of the deck surface 10 inclined in the width direction due to the transport force caused by the vibration of the deck 1. As a result, the "medium-density high W particles x1 + low-density low W particles x2" and the high-density particles x3 are separated by density difference, and these "medium-density high W particles x1 + low-density low W particles x2" and the high-density particles x3 are discharged from different positions in the width direction of the material discharge section 12 in a separated state.

[0029] On the other hand, due to friction between the material particles and the deck surface 10 caused by the vibration of the deck 1, the medium-density / high W particles x1 become negatively charged and the low-density / low W particles x2 become positively charged on the deck surface 10, and when the material is dispensed from the material dispensing section 12, the negatively charged medium-density / high W particles x1 are attracted to the positive electrode member 2a, and the positively charged low-density / low W particles x2 are attracted to the negative electrode member 2b. As a result of the above, the medium-density / high W particles x1, the low-density / low W particles x2, and the high-density particles x3 are collected in the collection section 4 in a separated state. Note that the above has been described in terms of the case where the material to be processed contains three types of material particles, but it is possible to separate a material to be processed containing four or more types of material particles if, for example, the material contains second and third medium-density particles that have a sufficient density difference from the medium-density particles x1 and high-density particles x3.

[0030] Although there is no limitation on the material to be separated by the device and method of the present invention, spent refractories, especially spent refractories from blast furnace runners, are particularly suitable. As described above, spent refractories from blast furnace runners are a granular mixture of SL material, ML material, and slag material, and it is difficult to perform high-precision density separation of the SL material and slag material using conventional air table type density separation devices. The device and method of the present invention can also be applied to, for example, the separation and recovery of anthracite from slag deposited under the furnace. EXAMPLES

[0031] Using the device of the present invention shown in Figure 1 and a conventional air table density separator, a test was conducted to separate used refractory from a blast furnace trough into ML material, SL material, and slag material. The used refractory was crushed and sized to a particle size of 2.0 to 4.5 mm, and the density of the ML material was approximately 3.3 g / cm. 3 , SL material: approx. 2.6g / cm 3 , Slag material: approx. 2.4g / cm 3 As described above, the work function of the SL material was about 4.5 eV, and the work function of the slag material was about 1.6 eV.

[0032] The configuration of the device of the present invention is as follows: the material constituting the deck surface of the deck (table) is zinc (Zn) (work function: 3.63 eV), the end slope inclination angle of the deck (table): 7°, the side slope inclination angle: 5°, and the deck dimensions: inlet (material inlet) width 180 mm × outlet (material outlet) width 580 mm × length 400 mm. The operating conditions of the device are deck vibration frequency: 9.0 Hz, deck amplitude: 3.5 mm, and air velocity: 11.1 m. 3 The operating conditions of the conventional device (air table density separator) were the same as those of the above, with respect to deck vibration frequency, deck amplitude, and air velocity, and the material separation performance was compared with that of the device of the present invention. 300 kg of used refractories were separated and processed in each device, and the purity of the materials separated and recovered in each recovery section of the ML, SL, and slag materials was investigated. The results are shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that the device of the present invention has a particularly high purity of SL and slag materials compared to the conventional device, and that the ML, SL, and slag materials are separated with high accuracy. [Explanation of symbols]

[0033] 1 Deck 2a Positive electrode plate 2b Negative electrode plate 3. Device body 4. Collection Section 10 Deck surface 11 Material input section 12 Material delivery section 13 Bottom plate 14a,14b side plate 15 Baffle Plate A Material separation device x1,x2,x3 material particles

Claims

1. The deck (1) has one end which constitutes a material input section (11) and the other end which constitutes a material discharge section (12), and the deck surface (10) is inclined downward from the material input section (11) toward the material discharge section (12) and is inclined in the deck width direction; A material separating device equipped with an air table type density separating mechanism in which air is blown onto a deck surface (10) from a plurality of air holes formed in the deck surface (10) while vibrating the deck (1) in the width direction, so that material particles are separated due to density differences as the granular material to be processed, which is input from a material input section (11) onto the deck surface (10), flows into a material discharge section (12), A member constituting at least the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is made of a material having a work function that is an intermediate value between the work functions of two types of material particles that have no or a small density difference but need to be separated, among the material particles contained in the material to be processed; A material separating device characterized in that a positive electrode member (2a) and a negative electrode member (2b) are provided opposite each other in the width direction of the material discharging section (12) of the deck (1) or in a position adjacent thereto, so as to sandwich the flows of the two types of material particles discharged from the material discharging section (12).

2. 2. The material separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the member constituting the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is a plating layer or lining that covers the deck body.

3. A material separating apparatus for treating a material to be treated, the material being treated includes two types of material particles (x1), (x2) that have no or only a small density difference but require separation, the material particles being discharged from a material discharging section (12) in a state where separation of the material particles has partially occurred due to the density difference, 2. The material separating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12), the positive electrode member (2a) is arranged on a side where material particles (x1) with a higher work function are dispensed in greater numbers, and the negative electrode member (2b) is arranged on a side where material particles (x2) with a lower work function are dispensed in greater numbers.

4. 4. The material separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material separating apparatus is configured to treat used refractory material.

5. 4. The material separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material separating apparatus is configured to treat used refractory material in a blast furnace trough.

6. The deck (1) has one end which constitutes a material input section (11) and the other end which constitutes a material discharge section (12), and the deck surface (10) is inclined downward from the material input section (11) toward the material discharge section (12) and is inclined in the deck width direction; A material separation method using a material separation device (A) equipped with an air table type density separation mechanism, in which air is blown onto the deck surface (10) from a plurality of air holes formed in the deck surface (10) while the deck (1) is vibrated in the width direction, so that material particles are separated due to density differences as the granular material to be processed is fed onto the deck surface (10) from a material feed section (11) and flows into a material discharge section (12), The material separating device (A) comprises a member constituting at least the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) made of a material having a work function which is an intermediate value between the work functions of two types of material particles which have no or only a small density difference but need to be separated among the material particles contained in the material to be processed, and a positive electrode member (2a) and a negative electrode member (2b) are provided opposite each other in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12) at or near the material dispensing section (12) of the deck (1) so as to sandwich the flows of the two types of material particles dispensed from the material dispensing section (12); Among the material particles contained in the material to be processed that has been put on the deck surface (10), the two types of material particles and other material particles are separated by the air table type density separation mechanism based on the density difference; A material separation method comprising the steps of: charging one of the two types of material particles positively and charging the other material particle negatively by friction caused by vibration of the deck (1); and, when the two types of material particles are discharged from the material discharge section (12), the negatively charged material particles are attracted to the positive electrode member (2a) and the positively charged material particles are attracted to the negative electrode member (2b), thereby separating the two types of material particles.

7. 7. The method for separating materials according to claim 6, wherein the member constituting the deck surface (10) of the deck (1) is a plating layer or lining that covers the deck body.

8. A material separation method for treating a material to be treated, the material being discharged from a material discharge unit (12) in a state in which separation of the material particles due to the density difference has partially occurred, the material particles being comprised of two types of material particles (x1), (x2) that have no or a small density difference but require separation, the material particles being discharged from a material discharge unit (12) in a state in which separation of the material particles due to the density difference has occurred, the method comprising the steps of:

7. The material separation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the width direction of the material dispensing section (12), the positive electrode member (2a) is arranged on a side from which more material particles (x1) with a higher work function are dispensed, and the negative electrode member (2b) is arranged on a side from which more material particles (x2) with a lower work function are dispensed.

9. The material separation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the material to be treated is spent refractory material.

10. The material separation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the material to be treated is spent refractory material in a blast furnace trough.

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