Lipid decomposition promoter, food and drink containing the same, and processed food for promoting lipid decomposition

Abstract

To provide a fat decomposition accelerator capable of effectively accelerating decomposition of lipids in body, a food product containing the same, and a processed food product for accelerating the decomposition of lipids.SOLUTION: Provided is a lipid decomposition accelerator containing alkylresorcinol as an effective component. Furthermore, provided are a food product containing the lipid decomposition accelerator, and a processed food product for accelerating the lipid decomposition containing alkylresorcinol as an effective component. The alkylresorcinol is preferably an extracted product extracted from gramineous plant or Anacardiaceae. The gramineous plant is wheat or rye, and Anacardiaceae is preferably cashew nut.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a lipolysis promoter, a food or drink containing the same, and a processed food for promoting lipolysis. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, the number of patients with a condition called metabolic syndrome, which is a combination of symptoms such as diabetes, hypertension, and arteriosclerosis, has been increasing. Obesity is thought to be deeply related to metabolic syndrome. Obesity is a condition in which excess fat accumulates due to an increase in the number of fat cells and the enlargement of the fat cells themselves caused by excessive energy intake due to overeating and a decrease in energy consumption due to lack of exercise. Methods for preventing and improving obesity include, for example, moderate exercise, suppression of intake or absorption of energy sources such as carbohydrates and lipids, and promotion of lipid breakdown in the body.

[0003] The present applicant has previously proposed an anti-obesity agent containing as an active ingredient a peak component in partition chromatography of an alcohol extract of the seeds of a grass family plant (see Patent Document 1), and a method of ingesting a food product that can maximize the effect of the active ingredient (see Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2013-40108 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2016-132641 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The anti-obesity agents and ingestion methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 exert their anti-obesity effects by inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation, but these documents do not specifically address their effect of promoting lipid breakdown in the body.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a lipolysis promoter, a food or drink containing the same, and a processed food for promoting lipolysis. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] As a result of extensive research from the viewpoint of promoting the decomposition of lipids in the body, the present inventors have newly discovered that the decomposition of lipids in the body can be promoted by ingestion of alkylresorcinols. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.

[0008] That is, the present invention provides a lipid decomposition promoter containing an alkylresorcinol represented by the following general formula (I) as an active ingredient. [ka]

[0009] The present invention also provides foods and drinks containing the lipolysis promoter.

[0010] The present invention further provides a processed food for promoting lipid decomposition, which contains an alkylresorcinol represented by the following general formula (I) as an active ingredient. [ka] Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, the decomposition of lipids in the body can be effectively promoted by administering or ingesting a lipid decomposition promoter, a food or drink containing the same, and a processed food for promoting lipid decomposition. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1(a) is a bar graph showing the weight gain of mice in the Example and Comparative Example, and FIG. 1(b) is a graph showing the sample distribution of the weight gain of each mouse in the Example and Comparative Example. [Diagram 2] Figure 2(a) is a bar graph showing the weight increase in peristiform adipose tissue of mice from the examples and comparative examples, and Figure 2(b) is a graph showing the sample distribution of the weight increase in each peristiform adipose tissue from the examples and comparative examples. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3(a) is a bar graph showing the expression levels of the PPARα gene in the examples and comparative examples, and FIG. 3(b) is a graph showing the sample distribution of the expression levels of the PPARα gene in the examples and comparative examples. [Figure 4] FIG. 4(a) is a bar graph showing the expression levels of the ACOX gene in the examples and comparative examples, and FIG. 4(b) is a graph showing the sample distribution of the expression levels of the ACOX gene in the examples and comparative examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] The present invention will be described below based on its preferred embodiments. The lipid decomposition promoter of the present invention contains an alkylresorcinol represented by the following general formula (I) as an active ingredient. This alkylresorcinol has the effect of promoting the decomposition of lipids accumulated in the body. In the following description, when it is written "X to Y" (X and Y are any numbers), it means "X or more and Y or less" unless otherwise specified.

[0014] [ka]

[0015] The saturated or unsaturated alkyl group represented by R1 in the general formula (I) is not particularly limited in its chemical structure as long as it has 15 to 25 carbon atoms, and may be linear, branched, or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted, or a combination thereof. When R1 is an unsaturated alkyl group, there is no particular limit to the number and position of unsaturated bonds contained in the unsaturated alkyl group. R1 is bonded to R2 at the meta or para position. Alkylresorcinols having such functional groups and substitution positions may be used alone or as a mixture of multiple types.

[0016] Preferred examples of the alkylresorcinol represented by the general formula (I) include those containing at least one of the alkylresorcinols represented by the following (a1) to (f1). In the following description, the alkylresorcinols represented by the following (a1) to (f1) are collectively referred to as "ARs".

[0017] (a1) An alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 15 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR15”). (b1) An alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 17 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR17”). (c1) Alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 19 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR19”). (d1) An alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 21 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR21”). (e1) An alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 23 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR23”). (f1) An alkylresorcinol in which R1 is an alkyl group having 25 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as “AR25”).

[0018] Among these, the alkyl group represented by R1 is preferably at least one of linear, saturated, and unsubstituted, more preferably linear and saturated, and even more preferably linear, saturated, and unsubstituted. Examples of linear, saturated, and unsubstituted alkyl groups include n-pentadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-nonadecyl, n-henicosyl, n-tricosyl, and n-pentacosyl.

[0019] In the general formula (I), R2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, and R1 is preferably bonded to the para position relative to R2.

[0020] From the viewpoint of effectively exerting the lipid decomposition promoting effect, it is more preferable that the combination of R1 and R2 is such that R1 is a linear saturated and unsubstituted alkyl group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, and R1 is bonded to R2 at the para position. Specific examples of such alkylresorcinols include the following compounds (a2) to (f2). These may be used alone or as a mixture of a plurality of types. (a2) to (f2) correspond to the above-mentioned (a1) to (f1), respectively.

[0021] (a2) AR15: 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-pentadecylbenzene (C15:0) (b2) AR17: 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-heptadecylbenzene (C17:0) (c2) AR19, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-nonadecylbenzene (C19:0) (d2) AR21, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-hexahydrobenzene (C21:0) (e2) AR23: 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-tricosylbenzene (C23:0) (f2) AR25: 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-pentacosylbenzene (C25:0)

[0022] In order to more effectively exert the lipid decomposition promoting effect, when alkylresorcinols are used as a mixture, the content of each of the ARs is preferably within the following ranges. The content of the ARs can be measured, for example, by the HPLC method described later.

[0023] The content of AR15 is preferably 0.1 mass % to 10.0 mass %, more preferably 0.1 mass % to 5.0 mass %, and particularly preferably 0.5 mass % to 1.5 mass %, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. The content of AR17 is preferably 1.0 mass % to 20.0 mass %, more preferably 5.0 mass % to 15.0 mass %, and particularly preferably 8.0 mass % to 12.0 mass %, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. The content of AR19 is preferably 25.0 mass % to 40.0 mass %, more preferably 27.5 mass % to 37.5 mass %, and particularly preferably 30.0 mass % to 35.0 mass %, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. The content of AR21 is preferably 40.0 mass % to 55.0 mass %, more preferably 42.5 mass % to 52.5 mass %, and particularly preferably 45.0 mass % to 50.0 mass %, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. The content of AR23 is preferably 1.0 mass % to 15.0 mass %, more preferably 2.5 mass % to 12.5 mass %, and particularly preferably 5.0 mass % to 10.0 mass %, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. The content of AR25 is preferably 0% by mass to 5.0% by mass, more preferably 0% by mass to 2.0% by mass, and particularly preferably 0% by mass to 1.5% by mass, based on the total mass content of all alkylresorcinols. In other words, AR25 may be substantially not contained.

[0024] The above-mentioned mixture of alkylresorcinols may contain one or more other alkylresorcinols other than the ARs. Examples of other alkylresorcinols include alkylresorcinols in which R1 in the general formula (I) is an alkyl group having 27 carbon atoms, and particularly preferred are compounds in which R1 is a linear saturated and unsubstituted alkyl group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, and R1 is bonded to R2 at the para position. An example of such a compound is 1,3-dihydroxy-5-n-heptacosylbenzene (C27:0).

[0025] The above-mentioned alkylresorcinols can be synthesized by a conventional method, and can also be obtained as commercial products. In addition, extracts extracted from plants by a conventional method can also be used. When using an extract from a plant, examples of plants containing alkylresorcinol include Anacardiaceae, Ginkgoaceae, Proteaceae, Ardisiaceae, Primulaceae, Myristicae, Iridaceae, Araceae, Artemisia of the Asteraceae family, Fabaceae, and Poaceae. Among these, from the viewpoint of being edible, having a high content of alkylresorcinol, and having excellent extraction efficiency, it is preferable to use a Poaceae plant or an Anacardiaceae plant as the source. That is, it is preferable that the lipid decomposition promoter contains an alkylresorcinol-containing extract extracted from a Poaceae plant or an Anacardiaceae plant as the alkylresorcinol. When using an extract from a plant, it is particularly advantageous in that it can be obtained more easily as a mixture containing the above-mentioned ARs.

[0026] Gramineous plants that can be used as a source of alkylresorcinols are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include wheat, durum wheat, rye, triticale, barley, oats, oats, corn, rice, barnyard millet, foxtail millet, and millet, and can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The Gramineous plant used for extraction may be any form of Gramineous plant seed, and for example, the seed may be used as it is, or the seed may be cut, crushed, dried, or the like to be crushed, powdered, or dried, or the outer skin may be used alone, or a combination of these. Specific examples including the outer skin include bran, powdered flour, rice husk, and rice bran.

[0027] Examples of Anacardiaceae plants that can be used as a source of alkylresorcinol include, but are not limited to, nuts such as cashew nuts, etc. The Anacardiaceae plant used for extraction may be in any of the forms described above, and for example, the plant or seeds may be used as they are, or may be cut, crushed, dried, or otherwise processed to obtain a crushed, powdered, or dried product, or a combination of these.

[0028] Among these, from the viewpoint of efficiently obtaining an extract having a high lipolysis promoting activity, an extract obtained by extraction from a plant of the genus Triticum such as wheat or durum wheat as a grass family plant, an extract obtained by extraction from a plant of the genus Secale such as rye as an example of the grass family plant, an extract obtained by extraction from wheat is more preferable, and an extract obtained by extraction from wheat bran is even more preferable. Also, from the same viewpoint, an extract obtained by extraction from a plant of the Anacardiaceae family is preferable.

[0029] When an extract containing alkylresorcinol is obtained from a plant, the extraction method is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the extraction rate and simplicity, it is preferable to obtain it by alcohol extraction. Examples of the alcohol extraction method include a method of immersing seeds of the above-mentioned various forms of Gramineae plants or Anacardiaceae plants in alcohol, stirring or refluxing them, and a supercritical fluid extraction method. In the former method, the extraction temperature is preferably 2°C to 100°C, the extraction time is preferably 30 minutes to 72 hours, and the amount of alcohol used is preferably 50 parts by mass to 2000 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of seeds of the Gramineae plants or Anacardiaceae plants.

[0030] The alcohol used for extraction includes alcohol that is liquid at room temperature (25°C), specifically, lower monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol, and polyhydric alcohols such as 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Among these alcohols, it is preferable to use ethanol from the viewpoint of operability and environmental friendliness. In addition, as the alcohol used for extraction, hydrous ethanol containing aqueous components other than alcohol (water, pure water, distilled water, tap water, acidic water, alkaline water, neutral water, etc.) can also be used. The alcohol content in the hydrous alcohol is usually 70% by volume or more, preferably 80% by volume or more, and more preferably 90% by volume or more.

[0031] The extract containing alkylresorcinol may be used as it is, or the extract may be further purified. From the viewpoint of effectively expressing the lipolysis promoting effect of alkylresorcinol, it is preferable to use a purified product obtained by purifying the extract. The purification method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method that can obtain the active ingredient (alkylresorcinol or a mixture thereof) of the lipolysis promoter of the present invention, but it is preferable to use a partition chromatography method from the viewpoint of simplicity. A specific example of the partition chromatography method is preferably a normal phase chromatography method using a non-aqueous solvent as the mobile phase, and a known method such as an open column method, a medium pressure column method, or a high performance liquid chromatography method can be appropriately selected.

[0032] Examples of the mobile phase in partition chromatography include alcohols that are liquid at room temperature (25°C), such as lower monohydric alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol, and polyhydric alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin; ethers such as diethyl ether and propyl ether; esters such as butyl acetate and ethyl acetate; ketones such as acetone and ethyl methyl ketone; hexane; methylene chloride; acetonitrile; and chloroform, and these solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When a plurality of solvents are combined to form a mobile phase, the mode may be an isocratic mode in which the mixing ratio of the plurality of solvents is kept constant during the implementation of partition chromatography, or a gradient mode in which the mixing ratio is changed.

[0033] As the carrier in partition chromatography, any carrier can be used so long as it can support and release the desired active ingredient, and typical examples include silica gel, polyacrylamide gel, dextran gel, etc.

[0034] The detection wavelength in partition chromatography may be 170 to 320 nm, and preferably 200 to 300 nm.

[0035] An example of partition chromatography suitable for purifying the alcohol extract of the seeds of a Gramineae plant or the seeds of an Anacardiaceae plant is the partition chromatography method described in the Examples below. By using this method, a purified product containing alkylresorcinols having a lipid decomposition promoting effect can be efficiently obtained. The obtained purified product can be alkylresorcinols consisting of a single compound or a mixture of alkylresorcinols.

[0036] The content of active ingredients in the lipid decomposition promoter, i.e., the content of alkylresorcinols relative to the total mass of the lipid decomposition promoter, is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 100% by mass, in terms of the total mass content of alkylresorcinols, and the lipid decomposition promoter may be composed only of alkylresorcinols.

[0037] The lipolysis promoter can be a composition containing one or more pharma- ceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, other additives, and other components, as necessary, in addition to the extract, mixture, or purified product containing alkylresorcinol.The lipolysis promoter can be formulated by a conventional method, and its dosage form can be preferably an oral agent such as a tablet, powder, granule, capsule, or liquid, or an injection.In addition, other components include components having medicinal effects, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, various vitamins, herbal medicines, and minerals.

[0038] The lipolysis promoter may be directly administered or ingested by humans or animals for non-medical purposes, or may be contained in food, drink, or animal feed and ingested. Animals include dogs, cats, mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits, cows, horses, monkeys, etc. In other words, the lipolysis promoter can be applied not only to humans, but also to pets (pet animals), livestock, etc., and can be used for non-medical purposes on mammals in general.

[0039] The content of alkylresorcinol in the lipolysis promoter can be appropriately changed depending on the dosage form of the lipolysis promoter, or the symptoms, age, sex, etc. of the person to be administered or ingested. When the subject is a human, the content of alkylresorcinol is preferably 0.5 mg to 5000 mg, more preferably 1 mg to 500 mg, of total alkylresorcinol per adult (60 kg) per day. The method of administration or ingestion can be performed once or in multiple divided doses, and may be performed by bolus administration or continuously.

[0040] The lipolysis promoter is advantageous in that the convenience of administration or ingestion is increased by making it orally administrable or ingestible, such as by being contained in food and drink. When the lipolysis promoter is contained in a food or drink, for example, staple foods such as bread and noodles, jelly-like foods and various snacks, baked goods, cakes, chocolate, gum, candy, tablets, and other confectionery, capsules, sauces, soups, dairy products, frozen foods, instant foods, processed foods such as supplements, beverages such as drinking water, tea beverages, coffee beverages, milk beverages, fruit juice beverages, carbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, soft drinks, and nutritional drinks, or edible seasonings, etc., can be mentioned, but are not limited to these. The inclusion mode of the lipolysis promoter in the food and drink is not particularly limited, and may be added and contained during the production of the food and drink or processed food, or may be added, mixed, coated, etc. separately to the food and drink and contained as a processed food. That is, the food and drink of the present invention contains the alkylresorcinol represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient, and is preferably used for promoting lipolysis. In this case, the content of the alkylresorcinol is preferably in the above-mentioned range.

[0041] The manner in which the lipolysis promoter is incorporated into the animal feed is also not particularly limited, and the lipolysis promoter may be added during the production of the feed so as to be contained in the feed, or may be added separately to, mixed with, coated on, or the like after production so as to be contained in the feed, or may be mixed or dispersed in the animal drinking water. That is, the animal feed contains the alkylresorcinol represented by the above general formula (I) as an active ingredient, and is preferably used for the purpose of promoting lipolysis.

[0042] When alkylresorcinol is administered or ingested by an animal, it is preferable to administer or ingest the alkylresorcinol in the following amounts as the total content of the alkylresorcinol. Regardless of the animal, the administration or ingestion method may be a single dose or multiple doses, and may be a bolus administration or a continuous administration. For dogs (based on 10 kg body weight): 200μg to 500mg per day For cats (based on 3 kg body weight): 200 μg to 500 mg per day For mice (based on 30g body weight): 120μg-200mg per day For hamsters (based on 30g of body weight): 120μg to 200mg per day For rabbits (based on 2 kg body weight): 200μg to 500mg per day

[0043] The intake period of the above-mentioned lipolysis promoter, food and beverage, processed food, or animal feed is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to carry out the intake continuously for a certain period of time, and from the viewpoint of fully expressing the lipolysis promoting effect, it is preferable to carry out the intake continuously for 2 weeks or more, preferably 3 weeks or more, and particularly preferably 7 weeks or more.

[0044] The present invention includes a method for promoting lipolysis by administering or ingesting the above-mentioned alkylresorcinol or a mixture thereof. Examples of promoting lipolysis include, but are not limited to, activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (hereinafter also referred to as PPARα), which is a nuclear receptor that increases gene expression involved in promoting lipolysis, and activation of β-oxidation, which is a metabolic pathway of fatty acids. The method for promoting lipolysis may be, for example, administration or ingestion of the above-mentioned dosage and dose to humans and animals. From the viewpoint of effectively promoting lipolysis, it is preferable to administer or ingestion by the dosage method of taking the above-mentioned dose within 4 hours after waking up from sleep. In this case, as long as it is within 4 hours after waking up, it may be taken in one dose or in multiple doses.

[0045] In the present invention, "sleep" refers to a natural state in which the reaction to surrounding stimuli is reduced and the person is not conscious but can be easily awakened. If such a state exists multiple times in a 24-hour day, only the state that continues for the longest period of time among them corresponds to "sleep". That is, sleep occurs only once in a 24-hour day, and for example, a relatively short nap taken during the day, in addition to the several hours of sleep (sleeping) that people usually take at night, is not sleep in this specification. In addition, in the method of promoting lipolysis by administering or ingesting alkylresorcinol or a mixture thereof, the sleep time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 hours or more, more preferably 4 to 10 hours.

[0046] The present invention also includes the above-mentioned lipolysis promoter, food and drink, processed food, or animal feed, and a commercial package containing instructions.The instructions state that the product contains alkylresorcinol, promotes fat decomposition, enhances fat metabolism, reduces visceral fat, is taken within 4 hours after waking up, and at least one of the following is described, or at least one of these is displayed.The form of this commercial package is not particularly limited, and examples include a form in which instructions are attached to the packaging container that contains the product, a form in which instructions are enclosed in the packaging container together with the product, and a form in which the contents of the instructions are printed on the packaging container itself (the packaging container is the instructions). EXAMPLES

[0047] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0048] [Production Example 1] The following <Extraction and Purification Method 1> was carried out to obtain an alkylresorcinol-containing extract from wheat bran as the seed of a grass family plant, and the extract was purified to obtain a purified product as a lipid degradation promoter. The alkylresorcinol contained as an active ingredient in the lipid degradation promoter was a mixture of ARs having the following composition. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-pentadecylbenzene (C15:0): 1.2% by mass. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-heptadecylbenzene (C17:0): 10.9% by mass. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-nonadecylbenzene (C19:0): 33.9% by mass. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-henicosylbenzene (C21:0): 46.4% by mass. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-tricosylbenzene (C23:0): 7.5% by mass. 1,3-Dihydroxy-5-n-pentacosylbenzene (C25:0): 0.1% by mass.

[0049] <Extraction and purification method 1> Five times the amount of ethanol by mass was added to the wheat bran, and the mixture was stirred and extracted for 16 hours at 600 rpm and room temperature. The extracted dispersion was filtered to remove unnecessary materials and recover the ethanol extract, and then the ethanol was distilled off from the extract to obtain an ethanol extract of wheat bran. Next, 1.5 times the amount (volume equivalent) of hexane was added to the ethanol extract to disperse it, and the dispersion was purified by medium pressure chromatography. The medium pressure chromatography conditions are as follows. The peak components appearing 31 to 36 minutes after the start of elution were collected, and the solvent was distilled off to obtain the desired alkylresorcinol mixture.

[0050] (Medium pressure chromatography conditions) Column: Silica gel (Inject column 3L, Hi-Flash column 5L, 60Å, 40μm, Yamazen Corporation) Mobile phase: Gradient mode, hexane / ethyl acetate mixed solvent (volume ratio) = 90 / 10 for 9 minutes, 80 / 20 for 15 minutes, 60 / 40 for 16 minutes Detection wavelength: 280nm

[0051] <Quantitative method for alkylresorcinols> This is a method for quantifying the alkylresorcinol mixture obtained by the above-mentioned <Extraction and Purification Method 1> using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The details are shown below. Methanol was added to the alkylresorcinol mixture obtained in <Extraction and purification method 1> to a concentration of 200 μg / mL to prepare a methanol-added solution. This methanol-added solution was passed through a filter with a pore size of 0.45 μm, and the passed-through portion was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis under the following conditions.

[0052] (HPLC conditions) Column: Silica gel (ODS-80A, 5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm, GL Sciences Inc.) Guard column: ODS-80A, 5μm, 4.6×50mm, Column temperature: 30℃ · Mobile phase: 100% methanol · Detection wavelength: 280 nm

[0053] 〔Examples and Comparative Examples〕 Thirteen-week-old male C57BL / 6 mice were purchased from Charles River Japan, Inc. After three weeks of acclimation, six mice were divided into the following groups, and each group was fed the test diets shown below for three weeks. The daily intake per mouse body weight was 240 mg / kg to 442 mg / kg. After the breeding period ended, the body weights and perirenal fat weights of the examples and comparative examples were measured. At the same time, perirenal fat tissue was collected and subjected to gene expression analysis. The measurement results of body weight and fat tissue weight are shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) and Figures 2(a) and (b) as the mean value ± standard error (Mean ± S.E., N = 6). The t-test was used for the significance test, and p < 0.05 was considered significant.

[0054] · Comparative Example 1 (Normal diet group · 6 mice): D12450B solid diet (fat content 4.3% by mass, manufactured by Research Diets, Inc.) · Comparative Example 2 (High-fat diet group · 6 mice): D12492 solid diet (fat content 35% by mass, manufactured by Research Diets, Inc.) · Example 1 (ARs intake group · 6 mice): A solid diet prepared by blending 0.5% by mass of the ARs mixture obtained in Production Example 1 into D12492 solid diet

[0055] The gene expression analysis of the examples and comparative examples was performed according to the following procedure. <RNA Extraction> Using 100 mg of perirenal fat tissue collected from each mouse and the RNeasy Lipid Tissue MiniKit (manufactured by Qiagen, 74804) and the RNase-Free DNase set (manufactured by Qiagen, 79254), RNA samples were extracted according to the protocol. The obtained RNA was subjected to measurement of absorbance at 230 nm, 260 nm, and 280 nm using Nano Drop ND-1000 (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) to confirm that the 260 nm / 280 nm absorbance ratio was 2.0 or more and the 260 nm / 230 nm absorbance ratio was 1.5 or more, and was then subjected to the subsequent steps. For samples with a 260 nm / 280 nm absorbance ratio of less than 2.0 or a 260 nm / 230 nm absorbance ratio of less than 1.5, the RNA sample was purified using RNeasy MinElute Cleanup Kit (manufactured by Qiagen Co., Ltd., 74204) and subjected to the subsequent steps.

[0056] <Reverse transcription reaction> Using each of the obtained RNA samples, a reverse transcription reaction was carried out using a thermal cycler under the conditions shown in Table 1 below to obtain cDNA samples.

[0057] [Table 1]

[0058] <Gene expression analysis> Using the obtained cDNA (40 ng / μL), gene expression analysis was performed by the SYBR Green method using a real-time PCR device (Applied Biosystems, 7900HT). The analysis conditions and the sequences of the primers used are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below. The target genes were acyl-CoA oxidase (hereinafter also referred to as ACOX) and PPARα. In addition, β-actin was used as a housekeeping gene.

[0059] As real-time PCR conditions, the base line was set to 3 to 15, and the threshold line was set to auto, and the Ct value was calculated. Based on the Ct values ​​of β-actin and each target gene, the gene expression level of each sample was calculated from the following formula (1), and the relative expression level was calculated when the expression level in Comparative Example 1 was set to 1. The results are shown in Figures 3(a) and (b) and Figures 4(a) and (b) as mean ± standard error (Mean ± SE, N = 6). A t-test was performed between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. The threshold line in this process was 0.256. Gene expression level of each sample = 2^([β-actin Ct value] - [target gene Ct value]) (1)

[0060] [Table 2]

[0061] [Table 3]

[0062] As shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) and Figures 2(a) and (b), in Comparative Example 2, in which a high-fat diet was ingested, both the body weight and adipose tissue weight were significantly higher than in Comparative Example 1. However, in Example 1, in which ARs were ingested along with a high-fat diet, the increase in body weight and adipose tissue weight was significantly suppressed compared to Comparative Example 2, and it can be seen that even when a high-fat diet was ingested, the body weight and adipose tissue weight were approximately the same as in Comparative Example 1.

[0063] When the mechanism of suppression of increase in body weight and adipose tissue weight in Example 1 is examined in detail, as shown in Figures 3(a) and (b) and Figures 4(a) and (b), it is found that the gene expression level of PPARα, which increases the expression of enzymes involved in β-oxidation, and the gene expression level of ACOX, which promotes β-oxidation and enhances lipid decomposition, are significantly increased in Example 1 compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2. From these results, it is found that the active ingredient alkylresorcinol activates PPARα and β-oxidation involved in lipid decomposition. Therefore, according to the lipid decomposition promoter of the present invention, and the food and drink containing the same, and the processed food for promoting lipid decomposition, the decomposition of lipids in the body can be effectively promoted by ingesting them, and as a result, obesity can be prevented and improved.

Claims

1. A lipid decomposition promoter comprising an alkylresorcinol represented by the following general formula (I) as an active ingredient: The lipid decomposition promoter is R in the general formula (I) １ an alkylresorcinol having 15 carbon atoms is present in an amount of 0.1 mass % to 10.0 mass % based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols; R in the general formula (I) １ an alkylresorcinol having 17 carbon atoms is contained in an amount of 1.0 mass % to 20.0 mass % based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols; R in the general formula (I) １ an alkylresorcinol having 19 carbon atoms is present in an amount of 25.0 mass % to 40.0 mass % based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols; R in the general formula (I) １ an alkylresorcinol having 21 carbon atoms is contained in an amount of 40.0 mass % to 55.0 mass % based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols; R in the general formula (I) １ an alkylresorcinol having 23 carbon atoms is present in an amount of 1.0 mass % to 15.0 mass % based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols; And, R in the general formula (I) １ a lipid decomposition promoter which is a β-oxidation promoter and contains, based on the total mass of all alkylresorcinols, 0.1 mass % to 5.0 mass % of an alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group has 25 carbon atoms. 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R １ represents a saturated alkyl group having 15 to 25 carbon atoms, R ２ represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)

2. R in the general formula (I) １ But, R ２ The lipolysis-promoting agent according to claim 1 , wherein the lipolysis-promoting agent is bonded to the para position of

3. 3. The lipid decomposition promoter according to claim 1, wherein the alkylresorcinol is an alkylresorcinol-containing extract extracted from a plant of the family Poaceae or the family Anacardiaceae.

4. The lipid decomposition promoter according to claim 3 , wherein the alkylresorcinol-containing extract is an extract obtained by extracting a Gramineae plant or an Anacardiaceae plant with alcohol.

5. The lipid decomposition promoter according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the Gramineae plant is wheat or rye, and the Anacardiaceae plant is cashew nuts.

6. The lipid decomposition promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alkylresorcinol is administered or ingested in an amount of 0.5 to 5000 mg per day per adult (calculated as 60 kg).

7. A food or drink for promoting lipolysis, comprising the lipolysis promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images