Parking Equipment

Abstract

To provide a parking device which can fix a rotation shaft and a wheel by engagement of a parking pole and a parking gear without rotating the rotation shaft mounted with the parking gear, even when the parking pole is brought into contact with a tooth crest of the parking gear.SOLUTION: A parking gear is composed of a first parking gear and a second parking gear and includes a first one-way engagement mechanism which permits rotation in a first direction relative to a rotation shaft of the first parking gear and prevents rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a second one-way engagement mechanism which prevents the rotation in the first direction relative to the rotation shaft of the second parking gear and permits the rotation in the second direction. A tooth crest of the engagement tooth of the first and second parking gears serves as an inclination surface where a torque pressing the first and second parking gears in the first and second directions by a contact pressure when the parking pole contacts therewith is generated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a parking device that restricts rotation by meshing a parking pole with a parking gear provided on a rotating shaft connected to drive wheels of a vehicle. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a parking device that is equipped with a parking mechanism on each drive shaft of an in-wheel motor type vehicle that drives each wheel independently. The parking device described in Patent Document 1 detects the phase difference between the left and right parking gears, synchronizes them, and simultaneously meshes and fixes the left and right parking gears, thereby achieving a sufficient parking effect. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2009-137427 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The parking gear described in Patent Document 1 detects a phase difference when, for example, a parking pole abuts against the tooth tip of the parking gear, and rotates the parking gear by the phase difference, so that the parking pole and the parking gear can be fixed in mesh with each other. However, when the parking gear rotates, the rotating shaft on which the parking gear is attached also rotates, and the vehicle turns by the phase difference from the position where it was originally parked, which may cause discomfort or strange feeling to the driver.

[0005] This invention has been made with attention to the above-mentioned technical problems, and has an object to provide a parking device in which, when stopping a vehicle, even if the parking pole comes into contact with the tooth surface of the parking gear, the parking pole and the parking gear mesh with each other without rotating the rotating shaft to which the parking gear is attached, thereby fixing the rotating shaft and wheels. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a parking device comprising: a parking gear attached to a rotating shaft that rotates integrally with a drive wheel of a vehicle and having a plurality of engagement teeth on an outer periphery; and a parking pole that meshes with the engagement teeth of the parking gear to stop the rotation of the drive wheel, the parking gear being composed of a first parking gear and a second parking gear, the first parking gear having a first one-way engagement mechanism that allows the first parking gear to rotate relative to the rotating shaft in a first direction and prevents the first parking gear from rotating in a second direction opposite to the first direction; and a second one-way engagement mechanism that prevents rotation of the gear relative to the rotation shaft in the first direction and allows rotation in the second direction, wherein the tooth tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the first parking gear are inclined surfaces on which a torque is generated to press the first parking gear in the first direction due to contact pressure when the parking pole contacts the tooth tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear are inclined surfaces on which a torque is generated to press the second parking gear in the second direction due to contact pressure when the parking pole contacts the tooth tip surfaces.

[0007] In addition, the present invention may be configured so that the total tooth depth of the engaging teeth of the first parking gear is lower on the rear side than on the front side in the rotational direction permitted by the first one-way engagement mechanism, and the total tooth depth of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear is lower on the rear side than on the front side in the rotational direction permitted by the second one-way engagement mechanism.

[0008] In the present invention, each of the first one-way engagement mechanism and the second one-way engagement mechanism may include a one-way clutch.

[0009] In the present invention, the parking pole may include a protrusion that simultaneously engages with the engagement teeth of the first parking gear and the engagement teeth of the second parking gear.

[0010] In addition, the present invention may be such that the vehicle includes a plurality of the drive wheels and the rotating shafts, and a drive force source for each of the plurality of drive wheels, and the first parking gear and the second parking gear, as well as the parking pole, are provided for each of the plurality of rotating shafts. Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the parking device of this invention, when the vehicle is parked, even if the parking pole comes into contact with the tooth tip surface of the parking gear, the parking pole and the parking gear can be meshed and fixed without rotating the rotating shaft on which the parking gear is attached.

[0012] Specifically, the parking gear of the parking device of the present invention is composed of a first parking gear and a second parking gear, and the tooth tip surface of the engaging tooth of each parking gear is an inclined surface on which torque is generated by contact pressure when the parking pole comes into contact. Also, the inclined surfaces on the tooth tip surfaces of the parking gears have different pressing directions between the first parking gear and the second parking gear, with the first parking gear having an inclined surface on which torque is generated that presses in a first direction against the rotating shaft, while the second parking gear has an inclined surface on which torque is generated that presses in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0013] In addition, a one-way engagement mechanism is provided between each parking gear and the rotating shaft, which includes a first one-way engagement mechanism that allows rotation of the first parking gear relative to the rotating shaft in a first direction and prevents rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a second one-way engagement mechanism that prevents rotation of the second parking gear relative to the rotating shaft in the first direction and allows rotation in the second direction.

[0014] With the above-mentioned configuration, when the parking pole abuts against the tooth tip surface of each parking gear, the parking pole presses against the inclined tooth tip surface of each parking gear, and a torque is generated that presses the first parking gear and the second parking gear in the first direction and the second direction, respectively. Then, the first parking gear and the second parking gear rotate in the rotation direction permitted by the one-way engagement mechanism by the pressing torque, and as a result, the parking pole can be meshed with and fixed to each parking gear. Therefore, even if the parking pole abuts against the tooth tip surface of each parking gear, the inclination of each engagement tooth rotates each parking gear to the point where it can be meshed with and fixed by the one-way engagement mechanism, so that the rotating shaft that rotates integrally with the drive wheel does not rotate, and there is no change in behavior such as turning from the position where the vehicle was originally stopped, and discomfort or strangeness given to the driver can be avoided. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a parking gear in the embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 10A to 10C are diagrams for explaining the action when the parking pawl engages with the engagement teeth of the parking gear in the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of a parking device in an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] An example of a parking device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described below. The parking device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used for a so-called in-wheel motor type in which a motor 3 is attached to the front, rear, left and right driving wheels 2 of a vehicle Ve shown in FIG. 1. Specifically, a motor 3 is built in the vicinity of each of the hubs 4 of the front, rear, left and right driving wheels 2 of the vehicle Ve, and the front, rear, left and right motors 3 are independently controlled and driven by a controller 5, and transmit driving force to the driving wheels 2 via the hubs 4.

[0017] As shown in region A of FIG. 1, the parking device 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is attached in parallel to a rotor shaft 7 integrated with the rotor 6 of the motor 3 on the same axis L. The rotor shaft 7 corresponds to the rotating shaft of the present invention. The parking device 1 is also composed of a parking gear 8 having a plurality of engagement teeth on the outer periphery of the rotor shaft 7, a one-way engagement mechanism 9 attached between the parking gear 8 and the rotor shaft 7, and a parking pole 10 that meshes with the engagement teeth of the parking gear 8 to stop the rotation of the rotor shaft 7. Although a one-way clutch is used as the one-way engagement mechanism 9 in the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited thereto, and an engagement mechanism having a ratchet mechanism or a selectable one-way clutch having an actuator may be used.

[0018] The parking gear 8 is configured such that two parking gears, a first parking gear 11 and a second parking gear 12, rotate independently, and the one-way engagement mechanism 9 is composed of a first one-way clutch 13 (corresponding to the first one-way engagement mechanism of this invention) attached to the first parking gear 11 and a second one-way clutch 14 (corresponding to the second one-way engagement mechanism of this invention) attached to the second parking gear 12. The rotation directions and shapes of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12 will be described later with reference to FIG. 2.

[0019] The parking pole 10 can swing up and down via a support shaft and a spring (not shown), and is attached so that the spring always points it downward (in the direction of pulling it away from the parking gear 8) when there is no external force. On the other hand, a cam 15, at least a part of which is tapered, abuts against the lower side of the parking pole 10, and the cam 15 can be displaced in the axial direction of a parking rod 16 formed on the same axis as the cam 15.

[0020] Specifically, a stopper 17 is formed at a predetermined position of the parking rod 16, and a coil spring 18 is provided on the outer periphery of the parking rod 16 between the stopper 17 and the cam 15. That is, one end of the coil spring 18 is fixed to the stopper 17, and the other end of the coil spring 18 is fixed to the cam 15. Therefore, when the driver selects and operates a parking range (not shown) (hereinafter referred to as P range) to stop the vehicle Ve, the parking rod 16 advances toward the driving wheels 2 by an actuator for parking control (not shown), and the large diameter part of the outer periphery of the cam 15 pushes up the parking pole 10. The protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 thus pushed up is engaged and fixed by simultaneously meshing with the teeth of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12.

[0021] Therefore, in this vehicle Ve, the rotor shaft 7 is rotated by the driving force generated by the rotor 6 and stator 19 of the motor 3, and the driving force is transmitted to the driving wheels 2 attached to the hub 4 via a reduction gear (not shown) that is connected to the rotor shaft 7 so as to be capable of transmitting power, thereby causing the vehicle Ve to run. Then, when this vehicle Ve stops, the P range is selected, and parking control is executed, the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 simultaneously engages with the respective engaging teeth of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12, thereby preventing and fixing the rotor shaft 7 from rotating.

[0022] Next, the shapes of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12 in the parking gear 8 and the direction of rotation by the one-way engagement mechanism will be described in detail. Fig. 2 is a diagram of the parking device 1 viewed parallel to the axis L from the drive wheels 2 side, Fig. 2(a) shows the first parking gear 11 attached to the rotor shaft 7, and Fig. 2(b) shows the second parking gear 12 attached to the rotor shaft 7.

[0023] 2(a), a first one-way clutch 13 is attached between the first parking gear 11 and the rotor shaft 7, and this first one-way clutch 13 is configured to allow (free) the first parking gear 11 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the rotor shaft 7, and to prevent (lock) the first parking gear 11 from rotating clockwise. In addition, the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the first parking gear 11 are inclined surfaces, and the total tooth depth of the engaging teeth of the first parking gear 11 is lower on the rear side than on the front side in the rotation direction allowed by the first one-way clutch 13 (free direction).

[0024] 2(b), a second one-way clutch 14 is attached between the second parking gear 12 and the rotor shaft 7, and this second one-way clutch 14 is configured to allow (free) clockwise rotation of the second parking gear 12 relative to the rotor shaft 7 and to prevent (lock) counterclockwise rotation. In addition, the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear 12 are inclined surfaces, and the total tooth depth of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear 12 is lower on the rear side than on the front side in the rotation direction (free direction) allowed by the second one-way clutch 14.

[0025] Next, the operation of the parking device 1 in the above-mentioned configuration will be specifically described. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 contacting and engaging with the tooth tip surface of the engagement tooth of the second parking gear 12. When the driver selects and operates the P range to park the vehicle Ve, the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 is pushed up to engage with the second parking gear 12. At this time, depending on the position (rotation phase) of the second parking gear 12, the protrusion 10' may come into contact with the tooth tip surface of the engagement tooth as shown in Fig. 3.

[0026] When they come into contact in this manner, the force F that the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 pushes up against the second parking gear 12 is transmitted as a contact pressure F' perpendicular to the tip of the engaging tooth of the second parking gear 12. This contact pressure F' is composed of a resultant force of a component force fL from the tip of the tooth on the axis L toward the center point of the rotor shaft 7, and another component force fR. Here, the other component force fR is a pressing torque fR that rotates the second parking gear 12.

[0027] Therefore, because the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear 12 are inclined surfaces, a pressing torque fR that presses the second parking gear 12 in the free direction is generated by the contact pressure F' when the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 comes into contact with the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear 12. While the protrusion 10' is pushing up the tip surfaces of the engaging teeth of the second parking gear 12, the pressing torque fR generated in the free direction causes the second parking gear 12 to continue rotating in the free direction, and finally meshes with and engages with the engaging teeth.

[0028] The same action and effect can be achieved when the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 contacts and engages with the tooth tip surface of the engaging tooth of the first parking gear 11, and because the tooth tip surface of the engaging tooth of the first parking gear 11 is an inclined surface, a torque fR that presses the first parking gear 11 in the free direction is generated by the contact pressure F' when the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 contacts, and this pressing torque fR causes the first parking gear 11 to continue to rotate in the free direction, and eventually meshes with and engages with the engaging tooth.

[0029] 4 shows a state in which the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 engages with the respective engagement teeth of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12. When the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 abuts against the tooth tip surface of at least one of the parking gears 8, the protrusion 10' contacts the tooth tip surface forming the inclined surface of the parking gear 8 with a pushing force F, and a pressing torque fR, which is a component force of the contact pressure F', is generated from the contact pressure F'. The parking gear 8 rotates in the free direction of each of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12 due to the pressing torque, and as a result, the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 can mesh with the respective engagement teeth of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12.

[0030] Furthermore, the first one-way clutch 13 and the second one-way clutch 14 attached to the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12, respectively, are engaged when rotated in the locking direction, and since the locking directions of the first one-way clutch 13 and the second one-way clutch 14 are opposite, when the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 engages with the respective engaging teeth of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12, rotation in the opposite direction is prevented, resulting in a parking state and allowing the rotor shaft 7 and the drive wheels 2 to be fixed.

[0031] Therefore, even if the protrusion 10' of the parking pole 10 abuts against the tooth tips of the first parking gear 11 and the second parking gear 12, it rotates in the free direction until it can engage and be fixed by the first one-way clutch 13 and the second one-way clutch 14, so the rotor shaft 7 which rotates integrally with the drive wheels 2 does not rotate, and there is no change in behavior such as the vehicle Ve turning from its original stopped position, thereby avoiding any discomfort or strange feeling caused to the driver.

[0032] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the object of the present invention. For example, the one-way engagement mechanism given as an example of a one-way clutch may be a ratchet mechanism or a selectable OWC, and in short, it is sufficient that it is a one-way engagement mechanism that allows rotation in one direction and prevents rotation in the other direction.

[0033] Also, there is no restriction on the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the tooth tip of the engaging tooth of the parking gear 8. However, since the magnitude of the pressing torque fR for rotation increases when the rear side is lower than the front side in the free direction of the one-way clutch and the difference in height is large, it is preferable that the inclination angle is high, that is, that the tooth tip of the parking gear 8 approaches the normal direction.

[0034] Furthermore, the parking device 1 of the present invention is applied to an in-wheel motor type vehicle in an electric vehicle in which the motor 3 is the only driving force source, and a reduction gear is connected between the motor 3 and the axle of the driving wheel 2, but is not limited to this. For example, the parking device 1 of the present invention can be configured so that the motor 3 is built into the hub 4 of the driving wheel 2, or can achieve the same effects with a so-called on-board type vehicle in which the motor 3 is mounted on the vehicle body side, or with a conventionally known vehicle in which an internal combustion engine is used as a driving force source. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1 Parking equipment 2 Drive wheels 3 Motor 4. Hub 5. Controller 6 Rotor 7 Rotor shaft 8 Parking Gear 9 One-way engagement mechanism 10 Parking Pole 10' protrusion 11 1st parking gear 12 2nd parking gear 13 First one-way clutch 14 Second one-way clutch 15 Cam 16 Parking Rod 17 Stopper 18 Coil spring 19 Stator Vehicle L axis

Claims

1. A parking device comprising: a parking gear attached to a rotating shaft that rotates integrally with a drive wheel of a vehicle and having a plurality of engagement teeth on an outer periphery thereof; and a parking pole that meshes with the engagement teeth of the parking gear to stop rotation of the drive wheel, The parking gear includes a first parking gear and a second parking gear. a first one-way engagement mechanism that allows rotation of the first parking gear relative to the rotation shaft in a first direction and prevents rotation in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a second one-way engagement mechanism that prevents rotation of the second parking gear relative to the rotation shaft in the first direction and allows rotation in the second direction, a tooth tip surface of the engagement tooth of the first parking gear is an inclined surface on which a torque that presses the first parking gear in the first direction is generated by a contact pressure when the parking pole comes into contact with the tooth tip surface, The tooth tip surface of the engaging tooth of the second parking gear is an inclined surface that generates a torque that presses the second parking gear in the second direction due to a contact pressure when the parking pole comes into contact with the tooth tip surface. A parking device characterized by the above.

2. 2. The parking device according to claim 1, a total tooth depth of the engagement teeth of the first parking gear is lower on a rear side than on a front side in a rotation direction permitted by the first one-way engagement mechanism; and The total tooth depth of the engagement teeth of the second parking gear is lower on the rear side than on the front side in the rotation direction permitted by the second one-way engagement mechanism. A parking device characterized by the above.

3. The parking device according to claim 1 or 2, Each of the first one-way engagement mechanism and the second one-way engagement mechanism includes a one-way clutch. A parking device characterized by the above.

4. The parking device according to claim 1 or 2, The parking pole has a protrusion that simultaneously engages with the engagement teeth of the first parking gear and the engagement teeth of the second parking gear. A parking device characterized by the above.

5. The parking device according to claim 3, The parking pole has a protrusion that simultaneously engages with the engagement teeth of the first parking gear and the engagement teeth of the second parking gear. A parking device characterized by the above.

6. The parking device according to claim 1 or 2, the vehicle includes a plurality of drive wheels and a rotating shaft, and a drive force source for each of the plurality of drive wheels; The first parking gear, the second parking gear and the parking pole are provided for each of the plurality of rotation shafts. A parking device characterized by the above.

7. The parking device according to claim 3, the vehicle includes a plurality of drive wheels and a rotating shaft, and a drive force source for each of the plurality of drive wheels; The first parking gear, the second parking gear and the parking pole are provided for each of the plurality of rotation shafts. A parking device characterized by the above.

8. The parking device according to claim 4, the vehicle includes a plurality of drive wheels and a rotating shaft, and a drive force source for each of the plurality of drive wheels; The first parking gear, the second parking gear and the parking pole are provided for each of the plurality of rotation shafts. A parking device characterized by the above.

9. 6. The parking device according to claim 5, the vehicle includes a plurality of drive wheels and a rotating shaft, and a drive force source for each of the plurality of drive wheels; The first parking gear, the second parking gear and the parking pole are provided for each of the plurality of rotation shafts. A parking device characterized by the above.

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