Access method and device

Abstract

To provide an access method and a system, to control, based on characteristic information of a terminal, the terminal accessing a cell, and improve the flexibility of traffic control of the cell.SOLUTION: Embodiments of the present application disclose an access method and an apparatus. In the method, a network device sends, in a first cell, information that indicates characteristic information of terminals allowed to access the first cell. A terminal determines, based on the indication of the information, whether to access the first cell. Alternately, the terminal reports, in the first cell, characteristic information of the terminal to the network device, and the network device determines, based on the characteristic information reported by the terminal, whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell. The solutions of the present application may be widely applied to the fields of communication technologies, artificial intelligence, internet of vehicles, internet of smart home, and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202010125612.9, entitled "ACCESS METHOD AND APPARATUS," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on February 27, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to an access method and device. [Background technology]

[0003] With the development of communication technology and the improvement of user requirements, terminal devices in communication scenarios gradually show large quantities and multi-form characteristics. For example, in industrial automation scenarios, there are large quantities of monitoring devices, machines and sensors in factories, and in home and life scenarios, there are large quantities of mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices, smart appliances and in-vehicle terminal devices. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an access method and system for controlling terminals accessing a cell based on characteristic information of the terminals, and improving the flexibility of traffic control of the cell.

[0005] In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, the following technical solutions are used in the embodiments of this application.

[0006] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an access method. The method can be implemented by a terminal, a chip, or other devices. The method can include: receiving, in a first cell, first information from a network device, the first information indicating characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell; and determining, based on the first information, whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell, for example, determining whether to initiate a random access procedure in the first cell.

[0007] According to the method provided in the first aspect, the terminal may receive information in a cell, which is sent by a network device and indicates characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the cell, and determine whether the terminal can access the cell according to the instruction of the network device and the characteristic information of the terminal. In this way, the network device may indicate characteristics of terminals permitted / prohibited to access the cell, which improves the flexibility of the network side to control cell access, and the network side can better implement service control and traffic control.

[0008] In one possible design, the first information is carried in a system information block (SIB), the first information is carried in a paging message, or the first information is carried in downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling the SIB.

[0009] Based on this possible design, the terminal may receive the first information sent by the network device by using an SIB in an initial access procedure, or may receive the first message sent by the network device by using a paging message in a paging process. In this case, the terminal knows whether the terminal is denied access to the cell when performing the initial access or when receiving the paging message. When the terminal is denied access to the cell, the subsequent access procedure is stopped early, and the terminal can know that the terminal is denied access to the cell before performing one random access procedure, thereby reducing the power consumption of this type of terminal. In addition, the first information is transmitted by using an existing SIB or paging message, and no new signaling message needs to be added, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of the interaction between the terminal and the network device.

[0010] In one possible design, the first information includes characteristic information of terminals that are allowed to access the first cell and / or includes characteristic information of terminals that are prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0011] Based on this possible design, characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the cell and / or characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the cell may be carried in the first message and explicitly indicated to terminals in the cell. Specifically, characteristics possessed by terminals permitted to access the cell and / or characteristics possessed by terminals prohibited from accessing the cell are explicitly indicated. This is simple and easy to implement.

[0012] In one possible design, the first information includes types of terminals allowed to access the first cell and / or types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0013] Based on this possible design, the types of terminals allowed to access the cell and / or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the cell may be carried in the first message and further transmitted to terminals in the cell to indicate which types of terminals are allowed to access the cell and / or which types of terminals are prohibited from accessing the cell. The plurality of characteristic information corresponding to the types does not need to be carried in the first message. Instead, the types indicate whether the types of terminals having the same plurality of characteristic information are allowed to access the cell. This is simple and easy to implement, and the signaling overhead of the interaction between the terminals and the network devices is reduced.

[0014] In one possible design, the first information includes K bits, one of the K bits corresponding to one or more of M types, where when a value of the bit is T1, terminals allowed to access the first cell have a type corresponding to the bit, or when a value of the bit is T2 or not T1, terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell have a type corresponding to the bit, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, T1 and T2 are integers, and T1 is different from T2.

[0015] Based on this possible design, when there are multiple types, the value of the bit corresponding to the type indicates whether or not a terminal of this type is allowed to access the cell, so that a limited number of bits indicates which type of terminal is allowed to access the cell and / or which type of terminal is prohibited from accessing the cell, and further, the signaling overhead of interaction between the terminal and the network device is reduced.

[0016] In one possible design, the first information indicates N, where the types of terminals allowed to access the first cell include N of M types, or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell include N of M types, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0017] Based on this possible design, when there are multiple types, the value of N can indicate that N of all types of terminals are allowed / prohibited from accessing the cell, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of interaction between the terminal and the network device.

[0018] In one possible design, the method further includes a step in which the terminal receives, in the first cell, second indication information from the network device, indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access a neighboring cell of the first cell, e.g., the second cell.

[0019] Based on this possible design, the terminal may further receive related information, which is of the neighboring cells of the first cell and is sent by the network device, for example, characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the neighboring cells of the first cell. When the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal may determine the neighboring cells authorized to be accessed by the terminal based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the related information of the neighboring cells of the first cell, and may further access the neighboring cells. This solves the problem of high power consumption caused by blindly searching for accessible neighboring cells around the first cell by the terminal many times when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, and further reduces the power consumption of the terminal.

[0020] In one possible design, the characteristic information in this embodiment of the present application includes one or more values ​​of the following parameters: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, duplex capability, number of branches, supported power levels, processing time, whether a supplementary uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

[0021] Based on this possible design, the characteristic information of the type of the terminal is represented by using the related information of one or more parameters, which is simple and easy to implement.

[0022] According to a second aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device may be a terminal, or a chip or system-on-chip in the terminal, or may be a module or unit in the terminal and configured to implement the access method in the embodiments of the present application. The communication device may implement the functions implemented by the terminal in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. In one design, the device may include modules that correspond one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the first aspect. The modules may be implemented by using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the communication device may include a receiving unit and a processing unit.

[0023] The receiving unit is configured to receive, in a first cell, first information from the network device and indicative of characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell.

[0024] The processing unit is configured to determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information.

[0025] For a specific implementation form of the communication device, please refer to the operation function of the terminal in the access method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. Details will not be repeated here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

[0026] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a terminal, or a chip or system-on-chip in the terminal. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the terminal in the above aspect or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor may be configured to support the communication device in implementing the functions in the first aspect, or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive, at the first cell, first information from a network device and indicative of characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell via the communication interface, and determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information. In another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory, the memory configured to store computer instructions and / or data. When the communication device operates, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory to enable the communication device to implement the access method according to the first aspect, or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. In this embodiment of the application, the communication interface may be a transceiver, an interface circuit, a bus interface, a pin, or other device capable of implementing a transceiver function.

[0027] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform an access method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

[0028] According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may include program instructions. When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the access method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

[0029] According to a sixth aspect, a chip system is provided. The chip system includes a processor and a communication interface. The chip system may be configured to implement the functions performed by the terminal in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive, at the first cell, first information from a network device and indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell via the communication interface, and determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system operates, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the access method according to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other individual components. This is not limited here.

[0030] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access method. The access method may be implemented by a network device, a chip, or other devices. The method may include transmitting first information to a terminal in a first cell, the first information indicating characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell. For the first information and the method for transmitting the first information, please refer to the description of the first aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0031] In one possible design, the method further includes a step in which the network device transmits characteristic information to a terminal in the first cell indicating a terminal that is authorized to access the second cell (a neighboring cell of the first cell).

[0032] In one possible design, the characteristic information includes values ​​for one or more of the following parameters: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, duplex capability, number of branches, supported power levels, processing time, whether SUL is supported, whether CA is supported, and CA capability.

[0033] According to an eighth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device, or may be a module or unit in the network device and configured to implement the access method in the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus may implement the functions implemented by the network device in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. In one design, the apparatus may include modules that correspond one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / acts described in the seventh aspect. The modules may be implemented by using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the communication apparatus may include a transmitting unit.

[0034] The transmitting unit is configured to transmit, to a terminal in the first cell, first information indicative of characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell.

[0035] For a specific implementation form of the communication device, please refer to the operation function of the network device in the access method according to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect. Details will not be described again here. Therefore, the provided communication device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect.

[0036] According to a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the network device in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor may be configured to support the communication device in implementing the functions in the seventh aspect, or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect. For example, the processor is configured to transmit first information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell to a terminal in the first cell via the communication interface. In another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory, the memory configured to store computer instructions and / or data. When the communication device operates, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory to enable the communication device to implement the access method according to the seventh aspect, or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect.

[0037] According to a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform an access method according to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect.

[0038] According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may include program instructions. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the access method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect.

[0039] According to a twelfth aspect, a chip system is provided. The chip system includes a processor and a communication interface. The chip system may be configured to perform functions performed by the network device in the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect. For example, the processor is configured to transmit first information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell to a terminal in the first cell via the communication interface. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system operates, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the access method according to the seventh aspect or any one of the possible designs of the seventh aspect. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other individual components. This is not limited here.

[0040] According to a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access method. The method may be implemented by a terminal, a chip, or other devices. In a first possible design of the thirteenth aspect, the method includes: sending third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal to a first network device in a first cell; and receiving a response message from the first network device in the first cell, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0041] In a second possible design of the thirteenth aspect, the method includes a step of transmitting a preamble to a first network device in a first cell, where a transmission resource for the preamble corresponds to characteristic information of the terminal, or a preamble set to which the preamble belongs corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, and a step of receiving a response message in the first cell from the first network device, indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0042] Based on the method provided in the thirteenth aspect, the terminal may transmit the characteristic information of the terminal to the network device, so that the network device identifies the characteristics of the terminal, and determines whether to allow the terminal to access the cell based on the characteristics of the terminal, and further transmits information on whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell or not to the terminal. In this case, the terminal accessing the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can perform service control and traffic control well. Alternatively, the terminal indicates the characteristic information of the terminal to the network device by using a preamble, so that the network device determines whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal as soon as possible, and the terminal knows whether the terminal can access the cell as soon as possible, and when the terminal cannot access the cell, the terminal stops the subsequent random access procedure as soon as possible. In this case, the power consumption of the terminal is reduced, the terminal accessing the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can perform service control and traffic control well.

[0043] Referring to a first possible design of the thirteenth aspect, the third information is carried in Msg3, and the response message is carried in Msg4 or in a DCI for scheduling Msg4, or the third information is carried in MsgA, and the response message is carried in MsgB or in a DCI for scheduling MsgB.

[0044] Based on this possible design, information regarding permission or denial of the terminal to access the cell may be indicated to the terminal by using Msg2 in the four-step random access procedure or DCI for scheduling Msg2, or information regarding permission or denial of the terminal to access the cell may be indicated to the terminal by using MsgB in the random access response RAR or DCI for scheduling MsgB in the two-step random access procedure. In this way, the cell access of the terminal can be controlled by using the existing random access procedure, which is simple and easy to implement. Furthermore, the signaling overhead of the interaction between the terminal and the network device is reduced.

[0045] With reference to a second possible design of the thirteenth aspect, the response message is carried in Msg2, carried in a DCI for scheduling Msg2, or carried in RAR. Specifically, after receiving Msg1, the network device indicates as soon as possible whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell. In this way, the terminal knows as soon as possible whether the terminal can access the cell, and when the terminal cannot access the cell, the terminal stops the subsequent random access procedure as soon as possible, thereby saving the power consumption of the terminal.

[0046] In one possible design, the method further includes a step of the terminal receiving, at the first cell, second information from the first network device, indicating characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the second cell, where the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell.

[0047] Based on this possible design, the terminal may receive related information of the neighboring cells of the first cell and sent by the network device, for example, characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the neighboring cells of the first cell. When the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal may determine the neighboring cells authorized to be accessed by the terminal based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the related information of the neighboring cells of the first cell, and further access the neighboring cells. This solves the problem of high power consumption caused by blindly searching for accessible neighboring cells around the first cell by the terminal many times when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, and further reduces the power consumption of the terminal.

[0048] In one possible design, the method further includes the terminal sending an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to a second network device in the second cell.

[0049] Based on this possible design, when accessing a new cell, the terminal may transmit information about the terminal and information about the cell that the terminal last camped on before accessing the new cell to a network device in the new cell. In this way, the network device in the new cell determines the authenticity of the network device accessed by the terminal before the terminal accesses the new cell based on the information transmitted by the terminal. When the network device is a suspicious device, corresponding measures are taken in time to ensure the security of data transmission in the network.

[0050] In one possible design, the method further includes the terminal receiving, in the first cell, indication information from the first network device and sending third information to the first network device based on the indication information, where the indication information indicates a type of parameter included in the characteristic information.

[0051] Based on this possible design, the terminal sends characteristic information of the terminal to the network device based on the instruction of the network device, and the network device manages and controls the characteristic information reported by the terminal, thereby improving the flexibility of service control and traffic control implemented by the network side on the cell.

[0052] In one possible design, the characteristic information includes values ​​for one or more of the following parameters: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, duplex capability, number of branches, supported power levels, processing time, whether SUL is supported, whether CA is supported, and CA capability.

[0053] Based on this possible design, the characteristic information of the type of the terminal is represented by using the related information of one or more parameters, which is simple and easy to implement.

[0054] According to a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device may be a terminal, or a chip or system-on-chip in the terminal, or may be a module or unit in the terminal and configured to implement the access method in the embodiments of the present application. The communication device may implement the functions implemented by the terminal in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. In one design, the device may include modules that correspond one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the thirteenth aspect. The modules may be implemented by using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, for example, the communication device may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.

[0055] The transmitting unit is configured to transmit third information indicative of characteristic information of the terminal to the first network device in the first cell, and the receiving unit is configured to receive a response message in the first cell from the first network device and indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0056] Alternatively, the transmitting unit is configured to transmit the preamble to the first network device in the first cell, and a transmission resource for the preamble corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or a preamble set to which the preamble belongs corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal. The receiving unit is configured to receive a response message in the first cell from the first network device and indicating whether the terminal is allowed to access the first cell.

[0057] For a specific implementation form of the communication device, please refer to the operation functions of the terminal in the access method according to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect. Details are not repeated here.

[0058] According to a fifteenth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a terminal, or a chip or system-on-chip in the terminal. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the terminal in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor may be configured to support the communication device in implementing the functions in the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to transmit third information indicative of characteristic information of the terminal to a first network device in the first cell via the communication interface, and further configured to receive a response message in the first cell via the communication interface from the first network device and indicative of whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell. In another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory, the memory configured to store computer instructions and / or data. When the communications device operates, the processor executes computer instructions stored in the memory to enable the communications device to implement an access method according to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect.

[0059] According to a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform an access method according to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect.

[0060] According to a seventeenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may include program instructions. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the access method according to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect.

[0061] According to an eighteenth aspect, a chip system is provided. The chip system includes a processor and a communication interface. The chip system may be configured to perform the functions performed by the terminal in the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to transmit third information indicative of characteristic information of the terminal to a first network device in the first cell via the communication interface, and further configured to receive a response message from the first network device in the first cell via the communication interface, indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system operates, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the access method according to the thirteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the thirteenth aspect. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete components.

[0062] According to a nineteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access method. The method may be implemented by a network device, a chip, or other apparatus. The method includes: receiving third information from a terminal in a first cell, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal; and transmitting a response message to the terminal in the first cell, indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, based on the third information. Alternatively, the method includes receiving a preamble from the terminal in the first cell, the transmission resource for the preamble corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or the preamble set to which the preamble belongs corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal; and transmitting a response message to the terminal in the first cell, based on the characteristic information of the terminal, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0063] For the characteristic information of the terminal, the third information, the method for transmitting the third information, and the method for transmitting the response message, please refer to the description of the thirteenth aspect. The details will not be described again here.

[0064] In one possible design, the method further includes a step of the network device transmitting, to the terminal in the first cell, second information indicating characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the second cell, where the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell. For the second information and the method for transmitting the second information, please refer to the description of the thirteenth aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0065] In one possible design, when the response message indicates to reject the terminal from accessing the first cell, the method further includes sending an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to the second network device.

[0066] In one possible design, before receiving the third information from the terminal in the first cell, the method further includes transmitting indication information to the terminal in the first cell. For the indication information and the method for transmitting the indication information, please refer to the description of the thirteenth aspect. Details will not be described again here.

[0067] According to a twentieth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device, or may be a module or unit in the network device and configured to implement the access method in the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus may implement the functions implemented by the network device in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. In one design, the apparatus may include modules that correspond one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / acts described in the nineteenth aspect. The modules may be implemented by using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, for example, the communication apparatus may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.

[0068] The receiving unit is configured to receive from the terminal in the first cell third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, and the transmitting unit is configured to transmit, based on the third information, a response message to the terminal in the first cell indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0069] Alternatively, the receiving unit is configured to receive a preamble from the terminal in the first cell, and a transmission resource for the preamble corresponds to characteristic information of the terminal, or a preamble set to which the preamble belongs corresponds to characteristic information of the terminal. The transmitting unit is configured to transmit a response message to the terminal in the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal, and the response message indicates whether the terminal is allowed to access the first cell.

[0070] For a specific implementation form of the communication device, please refer to the operation functions of the terminal in the access method according to the 19th aspect or any one of the possible designs of the 19th aspect. Details are not repeated here.

[0071] According to a twenty-first aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the network device in the above aspect or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor may be configured to support the communication device in implementing the functions in the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive third information from a terminal in the first cell via the communication interface, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, and to transmit a response message to the terminal in the first cell indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell based on the third information. In another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory, the memory configured to store computer instructions and / or data. When the communication device operates, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory to enable the communication device to implement the access method according to the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect.

[0072] According to a twenty-second aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform an access method according to the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect.

[0073] According to a twenty-third aspect, there is provided a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may include program instructions. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the access method according to the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect.

[0074] According to a twenty-fourth aspect, a chip system is provided. The chip system includes a processor and a communication interface. The chip system may be configured to perform the functions performed by the network device in the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive third information from a terminal in the first cell via the communication interface, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, and to transmit a response message to the terminal in the first cell indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell based on the third information. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system operates, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the access method according to the nineteenth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the nineteenth aspect. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete components.

[0075] According to a twenty-fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access method. The access method may be implemented by a second network device, chip, or other device. The method may include receiving an identifier of a terminal and cell information of a first cell from a first network device, and further receiving an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell from the terminal.

[0076] According to the method of the fifteenth aspect, the second network device receives information about the terminal and information about the cell on which the terminal last camped before the terminal accesses the new cell. In this way, the second network device determines the authenticity of the network device accessed by the terminal before the terminal accesses the new cell based on the information transmitted by the terminal. When the network device previously accessed by the terminal is a suspicious device, corresponding measures are taken in time to ensure the security of data transmission in the network.

[0077] The identifier of the terminal may uniquely identify the terminal. The cell information of the first cell may uniquely identify the first cell, and the cell information of the first cell may be a cell ID of the first cell.

[0078] According to a twenty-sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device, or may be a module or unit in the network device and configured to implement the access method in the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus may implement the functions implemented by the network device in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions. In one design, the apparatus may include modules that correspond one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / acts described in the twenty-fifth aspect. The modules may be implemented by using hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, for example, the communication apparatus may include a receiving unit.

[0079] The receiving unit is configured to receive a terminal identifier and cell information of the first cell from the first network device, and further to receive a terminal identifier and cell information of the first cell from the terminal.

[0080] For a specific implementation form of the communication device, please refer to the operation functions of the terminal in the access method according to the 25th aspect or any one of the possible designs of the 25th aspect. Details are not repeated here.

[0081] According to a twenty-seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a network device, or a chip or system-on-chip in the network device. The communication device may implement the functions performed by the network device in the above aspects or possible designs, and the functions may be implemented by hardware. In one possible design, the communication device may include a processor and a communication interface. The processor may be configured to support the communication device in implementing the functions in the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive, via the communication interface, a terminal identifier and cell information of a first cell, which are from a first network device, and further receive, via the communication interface, a terminal identifier and cell information of a first cell, which are from a terminal. In another possible design, the communication device may further include a memory, the memory configured to store computer instructions and / or data. When the communication device operates, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory to enable the communication device to implement the access method according to the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect.

[0082] According to a twenty-eighth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform an access method according to the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect.

[0083] According to a twenty-ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product including instructions. The computer program product may include program instructions. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the access method according to the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect.

[0084] According to a thirtieth aspect, a chip system is provided. The chip system includes a processor and a communication interface. The chip system may be configured to perform the functions performed by the network device in the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect. For example, the processor is configured to receive, via the communication interface, a terminal identifier and cell information of a first cell from a first network device, and further receive, via the communication interface, a terminal identifier and cell information of a first cell from a terminal. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory. The memory is configured to store program instructions and / or data. When the chip system operates, the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory to enable the chip system to perform the access method according to the twenty-fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the twenty-fifth aspect. The chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other individual components.

[0085] According to a thirty-first aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, the communication system including a communication apparatus according to any one of the second to sixth aspects and a network device according to any one of the eighth to twelfth aspects, or including a communication apparatus according to any one of the fourteenth to eighteenth aspects and a communication apparatus according to any one of the twentieth to twenty-fourth aspects, and optionally further including a communication apparatus according to any one of the twenty-sixth to thirtieth aspects. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0086] [Figure 1a] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a four-step random access procedure. [Figure 1b] Schematic diagram of a two-step random access procedure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an initial access procedure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 5] 2 is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 6a] 2 is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 6b] 2 is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 6c] 2 is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 7] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8a-1] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8a-2] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8b-1]4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8b-2] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8c-1] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8c-2] 4 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication device 90 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0087] Before the embodiments of the present application are described, some terms in the embodiments of the present application will be explained.

[0088] Type: A type may be referred to as a terminal type (type or category). A type may be used to describe a type of terminal having the same or similar characteristics. Optionally, one type may include multiple "subtypes". One type or one subtype corresponds to one or more "characteristics" of a terminal, and the characteristics corresponding to the same type or the same subtype are the same or similar, and at least one characteristic corresponding to a different type or different subtype is different. The at least one type may be one or more types. This is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In practical applications, the type of a terminal may be described by using a type or a subtype, or the type of a terminal may be described by using one or more characteristics. A type of a terminal has a type or a subtype corresponding to one or more characteristics.

[0089] For example, based on the capabilities and application scenarios of the terminal, the terminal is classified into one or more types / subtypes. For example, the terminal may be classified into several categories, namely, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) terminal, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, or reduced capability (REDCAP) terminal. REDCAP terminals may be called light terminals. A type may be uniquely identified by a type number. For example, two types may be numbered 1 and 2, respectively. A subtype may be uniquely identified by a subtype number. The number of different subtypes belonging to the same type may be different, and the number of subtypes belonging to different types may be different or the same. This is not limited. For example, two subtypes of type 1 may be numbered subtype 1 and subtype 2, respectively, and two subtypes of type 2 may be numbered subtype 3 and subtype 4, respectively. As another example, two subtypes of Type 1 may be numbered Subtype 1 and Subtype 2, respectively, and two subtypes of Type 2 may be numbered Subtype 1 and Subtype 2, respectively.

[0090] The types of terminals having the same characteristics may be uniquely identified by using the terminal type number / subtype number or the characteristic information of the terminal. For ease of explanation, it should be noted that the terminal type and the terminal type number may be used interchangeably, and the terminal subtype and the terminal subtype number may be used interchangeably. In other words, the terminal type described in the following embodiments may be the terminal type number representing the type of the terminal corresponding to the type number. The terminal subtype may refer to the terminal subtype number representing the type of the terminal corresponding to the subtype number.

[0091] Each type / subtype may correspond to one or more characteristic information. The characteristic information of the terminal may include, but is not limited to, one or more values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: maximum bandwidth (MAX BW), minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, duplex capability, number of branches, supported power level, processing time, whether supplementary uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

[0092] The maximum modulation order may be an order corresponding to maximum quadrature amplitude modulation (MAX QAM). For example, the maximum modulation order may be 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 64 QAM, or 256 QAM. The application scenario may include one or more of the following scenarios: industrial wireless sensor network (IWSN), camera scenario, wearable scenario, video surveillance scenario, etc. Alternatively, the application scenario may not be limited. In this case, the characteristic information may not be limited. The CA capability may be the maximum number of carriers supported by the terminal when the terminal supports CA. The duplex capability may refer to whether the terminal supports the capability of simultaneously receiving and transmitting signals during frequency division duplex (FDD), and mainly includes two capabilities: half-duplex frequency division duplex (half-duplex FDD) and full-duplex frequency division duplex (full-duplex FDD). Half-duplex FDD indicates that the terminal does not support simultaneous reception and transmission of signals, i.e., the terminal supports reception and transmission of signals in a time division multiplexing manner. Full-duplex FDD indicates that the terminal supports simultaneous reception and transmission of signals.

[0093] For example, the following Table 1 shows the correspondence between types, subtypes, and characteristics. As shown in Table 1, the characteristic information of a type 1 terminal includes MAX BW=5 megahertz (MHz) / 10 MHz, MAX QAM=16, which is applied to an IWSN scenario, and the characteristic information of a subtype 3 terminal includes MAX BW=20 MHz, MAX QAM=16, which is also applied to a camera scenario.

[0094] [Table 1]

[0095] Table 1 is merely an example. In addition to the contents shown in Table 1, other types, subtypes, characteristics, other contents, etc. may be further included. This is not limited in the present application.

[0096] A cell may be an area that provides wireless communication services to a terminal. Network devices in the area provide wireless communication services to the terminal. One network device may manage one or more cells. Each cell corresponds to a cell identifier (cell ID), which uniquely identifies the cell. When a terminal camps on a cell and accesses the camped cell, the cell may be called the terminal's camped cell or serving cell, and cells around and adjacent to the serving cell may be called neighborhood cells or neighboring cells of the serving cell.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal accessing the cell may be the terminal accessing the network device in the cell or the terminal setting up a connection to the network device in the cell. After accessing the network device, the terminal may perform data transmission with the network device. The data transmission includes uplink data transmission and / or downlink data transmission.

[0098] In one possible implementation, in a communication system, a network side implements control traffic to a cell based on the load capacity, service requirements, and / or other reasons of the network side. The main means for the network side to implement control traffic to a cell includes: the network side denies some terminals accessing the cell and allows other terminals to access the cell, so as to reduce the number of terminals accessing the same cell and further reduce the traffic transmission of the cell. For example, when the transmission resource of the cell is limited, the network side denies terminals with low transmission priority in the cell from accessing the cell and allows terminals with high transmission priority in the cell to access the cell.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the following method can be used to control some terminals in a cell to access the cell and prohibit some terminals from accessing the cell, and when the terminal initiates random access, the network device identifies the type, subtype, or characteristics of the terminal, and then the network device transmits access denial information or access permission information to the terminal. The random access may include a four-step random access or a two-step random access, and is used by the terminal to access the network device.

[0100] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a four-step random access procedure. The procedure may include: step (1): a terminal sends a first message (message 1, Msg1) to a network device, where the first message includes a random access preamble sequence. The first message may inform the network device that there is a random access request. step (2): after receiving Msg1, the network device sends a random access response to the terminal, where the random access response may also be referred to as a second message (message 2, Msg2). step (3): after receiving the random access response, the terminal sends a third message (message 3, Msg3) to the network device. Step (4): The network device returns a contention resolution message, also referred to as a fourth message (message 4, Msg4), to the terminal that successfully accessed the cell, where the fourth message may carry an identifier of the terminal to specify the terminal that successfully accessed the cell, and other terminals that failed to access the cell resume random access.

[0101] FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a two-step random access procedure. The procedure may include: step (1): a terminal transmits a message A (MsgA) to a network device, where MsgA may include a random access preamble sequence and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), where PUSCH may carry an identifier of the terminal; step (2): the network device receives MsgA and returns a message B (MsgB) to the terminal, where MsgB may carry an identifier of the terminal to specify the terminal that has successfully accessed the cell, and other terminals that have failed to access the cell resume random access.

[0102] In one possible implementation, the network side provides an access reject message when the terminal's random access should be completed, for example, includes the access reject message in Msg3 or MsgB. This helps the network side to flexibly implement service control and traffic control, but for a rejected terminal, most of the processes of the initial access procedure and the random access procedure have been fully implemented, and the energy consumed in the initial access procedure and the random access procedure is wasted. This method is not favorable for terminals that are sensitive to energy consumption.

[0103] In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides an access method including: a network device indicates characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access a cell to a terminal in the cell in an initial access procedure, so that the terminal in the cell refers to the characteristics of the terminal to determine whether to access the cell. Specifically, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in Figures 5 to 6c. Alternatively, the terminal reports characteristic information of the terminal to the network device in a random access procedure, so that the network device determines whether to allow the terminal to access the cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal. Specifically, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in Figures 7 to 8b-1 and 8b-2.

[0104] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an initial access procedure. As shown in Figure 2, the initial access procedure includes: Step 1: A network device broadcasts a synchronization signal block (SSB) in a cell, and a terminal finds the SSB broadcasted by the network device, where the SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). Step 2: The terminal obtains an MIB from the PBCH. Step 3: The terminal determines a common search space (CSS) and a control resource set (CORESET) #0 according to an indication of the MIB. Step 4: The terminal blindly detects downlink control information (DCI) in the resource determined based on CORESET#0 and CSS, the DCI is used to schedule a system information block (SIB), and the DCI may be scrambled by using a system information-radio network temporary indicator (SI-RNTI). Step 5: The terminal receives a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) at a time-frequency resource location indicated by the DCI, and the PDSCH carries the SIB. In this embodiment of the present application, in the procedure shown in Figure 2, the DCI or the SIB may carry information indicating characteristic information of the terminal allowed to access the cell.

[0105] The access method provided in the embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0106] The access method provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to various communication systems, such as a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a future communication system, or a system that integrates multiple communication systems. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. 5G may also be called new radio (NR).

[0107] The access methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to various communication scenarios, for example, one or more of the following communication scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), machine type communication (MTC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), and internet of things (IoT).

[0108] In the following, the access method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described by using the communication system shown in FIG. 3 as an example.

[0109] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication system may include a network device and a plurality of terminals. The network device includes an access network device, may further include a core network device, and may further include a service provider device (e.g., a server). This is not limited. In this embodiment of the present application, an example in which the network device is an access network device is used for explanation. The access network device may cover one or more cells. For example, the access network device 1 covers cell 1.1 and cell 1.2, and the access network device 2 covers cell 2.1. The terminal may access the access network device in one of the cells, transmit uplink data to the access network device, and / or receive downlink data transmitted by the access network device. The access network devices communicate with each other by using a wired network or a wireless network, for example, communicate with each other via the Xn interface in FIG. 3.

[0110] It should be noted that Fig. 3 is only an example of a framework diagram, and the number of nodes and the number of cells included in Fig. 3 are not limited. In addition to the functional nodes shown in Fig. 3, other nodes such as core network devices, gateway devices, and application servers may be further included. This is not limited. The access network devices and the core network devices communicate with each other by using a wired network or a wireless network, for example, by communicating with each other via a next generation (NG) interface.

[0111] The network device is mainly configured to implement functions such as terminal resource scheduling, radio resource management, and radio access control. Specifically, the network device may be any node of a base station, a radio access point, a transmission reception point (TRP), a transmission point (TP), and other access nodes. In the embodiment of the present application, the apparatus configured to implement the function of the network device may be a network device, or may be an apparatus, such as a chip system, that can support the network device in implementing the function. The apparatus may be installed in the network device or used together with the network device. In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by using an example in which the apparatus configured to implement the function of the network device is a network device.

[0112] The terminal may be a terminal equipment, a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), etc. Specifically, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with a wireless transceiver function, or may be a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control wireless terminal, an autonomous driving wireless terminal, a remote medical wireless terminal, a smart grid wireless terminal, a smart city wireless terminal, a smart home, an in-vehicle terminal, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the device configured to perform the function of the terminal may be a terminal, or may be a device, such as a chip system, that can support the terminal in performing the function. The device may be installed in the terminal or used together with the terminal. In the following, the access method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described by using an example in which the device for performing the function of the terminal is a terminal.

[0113] In a specific implementation, the network elements shown in FIG. 3, such as a terminal and a network device, may use the configuration structure shown in FIG. 4 or may include the components shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. When the communication device 400 has the function of a terminal in the embodiment of the present application, the communication device 400 may be a terminal, or a chip or a system-on-chip in a terminal. When the communication device 400 has the function of a network device in the embodiment of the present application, the communication device 400 may be a network device, or a chip or a system-on-chip in a network device.

[0114] 4, the communication device 400 may include a processor 401, a communication line 402, and a communication interface 403. Further, the communication device 400 may include a memory 404. The processor 401, the memory 404, and the communication interface 403 may be connected to each other via the communication line 402.

[0115] The processor 401 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general purpose network processor (NP), a digital signal processing (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device (PLD), or any combination thereof, or may be any other device having processing capability, such as a circuit, component, or software module.

[0116] The communication line 402 is configured to transmit information between components included in the communication device 400 .

[0117] The communication interface 403 is configured to communicate with other devices or other communication networks. The other communication networks may be an Ethernet network, a radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 403 may be an interface circuit, a pin, a radio frequency module, a transceiver, or any device capable of implementing communications.

[0118] The memory 404 is configured to store instructions, which may be a computer program.

[0119] Memory 404 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and / or instructions, or a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and / or instructions, or may be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage, or magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc. Optical disc storage includes compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.

[0120] It should be noted that the memory 404 may exist independently of the processor 401 or may be integrated with the processor 401. The memory 404 may be configured to store instructions, program codes, some data, etc. The memory 404 may be located inside the communication device 400 or outside the communication device 400. This is not limited. The processor 401 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 404 to implement the access method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.

[0121] The processor 401 may include one or more CPUs, for example, CPU0 and CPU1 of FIG.

[0122] In an optional implementation, the communication device 400 includes multiple processors. For example, the communication device 400 may further include a processor 407 in addition to the processor 401 of FIG.

[0123] In an optional implementation, the communication apparatus 400 further includes an output device 405 and an input device 406. For example, the input device 406 is a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a joystick, or other device, and the output device 405 is a display, a speaker, or other device.

[0124] It should be noted that the communication device 400 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device having a structure similar to that of Figure 4. In addition, the configuration structure shown in Figure 4 does not constitute a limitation for the communication device. In addition to the components shown in Figure 4, the communication device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or some components may be combined, or different component arrangements may be used.

[0125] In this embodiment of the application, the chip system may include the chip, or may include the chip and other discrete components.

[0126] Hereinafter, the access method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the communication system shown in FIG. 3. Each device in the following embodiment may have the components shown in FIG. 4. The operations, terms, etc. in the embodiment of the present application may be mutually referenced. This is not limited. In the embodiment of the present application, the names of messages exchanged between devices, the names of parameters in messages, etc. are merely examples. Other names may be used instead in a specific implementation. This is not limited.

[0127] 5 is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:

[0128] Step 501: A network device sends first information to a terminal in a first cell.

[0129] The network device may be any network device in FIG. 3, the first cell may be any cell covered by the network device, and the terminal may be at least one terminal in the first cell. The at least one terminal may be one or more (e.g., two, three, four, or more) terminals. For the at least one terminal in the first cell, the first cell may also be referred to as a camped cell or a serving cell of the terminal. For example, the network device may be network device 1 in FIG. 3, the first cell may be cell 1.1, and the terminal may be a terminal in cell 1.1.

[0130] The first information may indicate characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell. For specific implementation aspects of the first information, please refer to the following methods (1) to (4).

[0131] In one example, the network device may transmit a SIB in a first cell, the SIB carrying first information.

[0132] Specifically, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 6a.

[0133] In another example, the network device may transmit a DCI in a first cell, the DCI carrying the first information.

[0134] The DCI may be used to schedule the SIB, the DCI may be used to schedule the PDSCH, the PDSCH carrying the SIB or the PDSCH containing the SIB, and the DCI is scrambled by using the SI-RNTI.

[0135] Specifically, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 6b.

[0136] In another example, the network device may transmit a paging message in a first cell, the paging message carrying first information.

[0137] A network device may periodically transmit a paging message, which may be used by the network side to page / search for a terminal, for example, to page / search for a terminal in idle mode (RRC_IDLE mode) or inactive mode (RRC_INACTIVE mode), to wake up a terminal in idle mode or inactive mode, or to page a terminal in connected mode and to inform the terminal whether system information has been updated.

[0138] The process of the network device paging the terminal may include: the network device configuring a search space and a CORESET used to monitor scheduling information of a paging message for the terminal by using a system message and / or higher layer signaling. The scheduling information of the paging message may be a paging downlink control information (paging DCI). The paging DCI may be scrambled by using a paging-radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI). The paging DCI may be used to schedule a PDSCH carrying the paging message. After receiving the search space and CORESET configured by the network device, the terminal blindly detects the scrambled paging DCI by using the P-RNTI within a resource determined based on the search space and the CORESET. If the detection is successful, the terminal searches for the scheduled PDSCH by using the paging DCI for a user identifier of the terminal. If the user identifier of the terminal is present, the terminal determines that the terminal is being paged.

[0139] Specifically, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 6c.

[0140] Step 502: The terminal receives first information in a first cell.

[0141] For example, when the first information is included in the SIB, the terminal may receive the SIB at a time-frequency resource position indicated by the DCI based on the DCI for scheduling the SIB to obtain the first information from the SIB. The SIB is a common message in a cell. For example, the SIB may be received by all terminals in the cell, or may be received by a group of terminals in the cell.

[0142] When the first information is included in the DCI for scheduling the SIB, the terminal may acquire the DCI through blind detection in resources determined based on the CSS and CORESET#0 to acquire the first information from the DCI. The resources determined based on the CSS and CORESET#0 may include one or more PDCCH candidate resources. The network device may select one PDCCH candidate resource from the one or more PDCCH candidate resources and transmit a PDCCH by using the selected PDCCH candidate resource, where the PDCCH carries the DCI for scheduling the SIB. Because the terminal does not know in which of the one or more PDCCH candidate resources the network device transmits a PDCCH for scheduling the SIB, the terminal sequentially blindly detects the PDCCH for scheduling the SIB in the one or more PDCCH candidate resources. The PDCCH for scheduling the SIB may be a common PDCCH, for example, may be received by all terminals in the cell, or may be received by a group of terminals in the cell.

[0143] When the first information is included in the paging message, the terminal may periodically monitor the paging message to obtain the first information from the paging message.

[0144] Step 503: The terminal determines whether to access the first cell based on the first information.

[0145] For example, for a terminal, when the terminal has characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell, the terminal accesses the first cell. For example, the terminal completes a random access procedure and sets up a radio resource control (RRC) connection to the network device. When the terminal does not have characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell and stops accessing the first cell. For example, the terminal does not initiate or stops initiating a random access procedure to the network device corresponding to the first cell, searches for neighboring cells of the first cell, and further accesses the neighboring cells of the first cell.

[0146] When the terminal does not have the characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the first cell, the terminal may alternatively determine whether to access the first cell based on a default setting. The default setting may be that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell or that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. This is not limited.

[0147] According to the method shown in Fig. 5, the network device indicates characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the cell to the terminal in the cell, and the terminal determines whether the terminal can access the cell based on the instruction of the network device and the characteristic information of the terminal. In this way, the network device indicates characteristics of the terminal permitted / prohibited to access the cell, which improves the flexibility of the network side to control cell access, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control.

[0148] In the method shown in FIG. 5, the implementation form of the first information may be as described in the following methods (1) to (4).

[0149] Method (1): The first information includes characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell, and / or the first information includes characteristic information of a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. For example, the first information clearly indicates characteristic information possessed by a terminal permitted to access the first cell and characteristic information possessed by a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0150] The characteristic information of the terminals allowed to access the first cell and the characteristic information of the terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell may include one or more groups of characteristic information, where one group of characteristic information may correspond to one type or one subtype, and further, one group of characteristic information may include values ​​corresponding to one or more parameters of the terminal.

[0151] Specifically, when the first information includes characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the first cell, the first information may further include an access permission indication, or may not include an access permission indication. In this case, the characteristic information carried in the first information is pre-configured as the characteristic information of the terminal authorized to access the first cell. After receiving the first information, the terminal may determine whether the first information includes a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal. If the first information includes a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, the terminal determines to access the first cell, or if the first information does not include a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0152] In the embodiment of the present application, the characteristic information of the terminal is the same as the group of characteristic information, which may mean that the characteristic information of the terminal is completely the same as the characteristic information included in the group of characteristic information.

[0153] When the first information includes characteristic information of a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell, the first information may include an access prohibition instruction or may not include an access prohibition instruction. In this case, the characteristic information carried in the first information may be preconfigured as the characteristic information of the terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. After receiving the first information, the terminal may determine whether the first information includes a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal. If the first information includes a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell, or if the first information does not include a group of characteristic information that is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, the terminal determines that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell.

[0154] When the first information includes characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell and characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell, the first information further includes an access permission instruction corresponding to the characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell, and further includes an access prohibition instruction corresponding to the characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell. For example, after receiving the first information, the terminal may match the characteristic information of the terminal with a plurality of groups of characteristic information included in the first information. If the first information includes a group of characteristic information, the group of characteristic information is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, and the group of characteristic information corresponds to the access permission instruction, the terminal determines that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell. Alternatively, if the first information includes a group of characteristic information, the group of characteristic information is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal, and the group of characteristic information corresponds to the access prohibition instruction, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0155] In this embodiment of the present application, the access permission indication may indicate that access to the first cell is permitted, and the access prohibition indication may indicate that access to the first cell is prohibited.

[0156] For example, the characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell and / or the characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell may be carried in the first information in an array format, in a table format, or in other formats, without being limited thereto.

[0157] For example, the network device allows a terminal type having characteristic information: {MAX BW=10MHz, MAX QAM=16, application scenario is not limited} to access the first cell, allows a terminal type having characteristic information: {MAX BW=20MHz, MAX QAM=16, application scenario is camera} to access the first cell, allows a terminal type having characteristic information: {MAX BW=20MHz, MAX QAM=64, application scenario is wearable} to access the first cell, and prohibits a terminal type having characteristic information: {MAX BW=5MHz, MAX QAM=16, application scenario is IWSN} from accessing the first cell.

[0158] When the characteristic information is carried in the first information in an array format, the first information may include {MAX BW=5MHz, MAX QAM=16, IWSN, access prohibition instruction}, {MAX BW=10MHz, MAX QAM=16, not limited, access permission instruction}, {MAX BW=20MHz, MAX QAM=16, camera, access permission instruction}, and {MAX BW=20MHz, MAX QAM=64, wearable, access permission instruction}.

[0159] When the characteristic information is carried in the first information in a tabular form, the first information may include a table shown in Table 2 below. The table may include multiple rows, and each row corresponds to a group of characteristic information and an access permission instruction or an access prohibition instruction corresponding to the group of characteristic information. After receiving the first information, the terminal may match the characteristic information of the terminal with the characteristic information included in Table 2, and determine a specific row of Table 2 whose characteristic information is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal. When the terminal has all the characteristic information in a row, the terminal may determine whether the terminal is allowed to access the first cell based on the access permission instruction or the access prohibition instruction in the last column of the row.

[0160] [Table 2]

[0161] It should be noted that Table 2 is an exemplary table, and the number of characteristic information in Table 2 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 2, values ​​corresponding to one or more other parameters may be further included. This is not limited.

[0162] Method (2): The first information includes a type of terminal permitted to access the first cell, and / or the first information includes a type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0163] In method (2), there is a correspondence between the type and the characteristic information that the terminal of this type has. The correspondence may be pre-specified in a protocol, or may be determined by a network device and indicated to the terminal by using signaling. The terminal may determine the type of the terminal based on the correspondence and the characteristic information of the terminal. Alternatively, the type of the terminal is pre-configured on the terminal. The following describes an example in which the terminal determines the type of the terminal based on the correspondence and the characteristic information of the terminal.

[0164] Similar to method (1), when the first information includes a type of terminal authorized to access the first cell, the first information may further include an access permission indication, or may not include an access permission indication. In this case, the type carried in the first information is preconfigured as the type of terminal authorized to access the first cell. After receiving the first information, the terminal may determine the type of the terminal based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the correspondence between the type and the characteristic information. If the type of the terminal is included in the first information, the terminal determines to access the first cell, or if the type of the terminal is not included in the first information, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0165] When the first information includes a type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell, the first information may include an access prohibition indication or may not include an access prohibition indication. The type carried in the first information may be preconfigured as the type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. After receiving the first information, the terminal may determine the type of the terminal based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the correspondence between the type and the characteristic information. If the type of the terminal is included in the first information, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell, or if the type of the terminal is not included in the first information, the terminal determines that the terminal is allowed to access the first cell.

[0166] When the first information includes a type of terminal permitted to access the first cell and a type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell, the first information further includes an access permission indication corresponding to the type of terminal permitted to access the first cell and an access prohibition indication corresponding to the type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. After receiving the first information, the terminal may match the type of the terminal with the type included in the first information. If the first information includes a type, the type is the same as the type of the terminal, and the type corresponds to the access permission indication, the terminal determines that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell. If the first information includes a type, the type is the same as the type of the terminal, and the type corresponds to the access prohibition indication, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0167] For the relevant explanation of the access permission instruction and the access prohibition instruction in the method (2), please refer to the explanation of the method (1). The details will not be described again.

[0168] For example, the types of terminals permitted to access the first cell and / or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell may be conveyed in the first information in an array format, in a table format, or in another format, without being limited thereto.

[0169] For example, the network device permits a terminal of type 1 to access the first cell and prohibits a terminal of type 2 from accessing the first cell. When the type is carried in the first information in an array format, the first information may include {type 1, access permission indication} and {type 2, access prohibition indication}.

[0170] When the type is carried in the first information in a tabular form, the first information may include a table as shown in Table 3 below. As shown in Table 3, the table may include one or more rows, and each row corresponds to a type and an access permission instruction or an access prohibition instruction corresponding to the type. After receiving the first information, the terminal may match the type of the terminal with the type of Table 2, and further determine a specific row of Table 2 whose type is the same as the type of the terminal. When the type of the terminal matches the type of any row, the terminal may determine whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell based on the access permission instruction or the access prohibition instruction in the last column of the row.

[0171] [Table 3]

[0172] It should be noted that Table 3 is an exemplary table, and the number of types in Table 3 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 3, one or more other types may be further included. This is not limited.

[0173] Alternatively, when the type includes one or more subtypes, the method (2) may be replaced as follows: the first information includes the type and / or subtype of the terminal permitted to access the first cell, and / or the first information includes the type and / or subtype of the terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. Specifically, for the alternative method, please refer to the aforementioned method in which the first information carries the type. Details will not be described again.

[0174] For example, as shown in Table 4 below, a terminal of Type 1 and Subtype 1 is permitted to access the first cell, a terminal of Type 1 and Subtype 2 is prohibited from accessing the first cell, a terminal of Type 2 and Subtype 3 is permitted to access the first cell, and a terminal of Type 2 and Subtype 4 is prohibited from accessing the first cell. When a terminal has Type 1 and Subtype 1, the terminal may determine that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell by consulting Table 4.

[0175] [Table 4]

[0176] It should be noted that Table 4 is an exemplary table, and the number of types in Table 4 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 4, one or more other types and subtypes may be further included. This is not limited.

[0177] In addition, when the characteristic information of the terminal does not correspond to the type / subtype of the terminal, for example, when the characteristic information of the terminal includes values ​​of a plurality of parameters, the type / subtype of the terminal corresponds to at least one (some) value of the plurality of parameters, and the value of the other parameters of the plurality of parameters does not correspond to the type / subtype of the terminal, when the above method (2) is used, information on whether a terminal having a characteristic not included in the type / subtype is permitted to access the first cell cannot be indicated to the terminal. In this case, the type of the terminal permitted to access the first cell and the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the first cell may be indicated to the terminal to indicate that the network device permits a terminal of a particular type and a terminal having a particular characteristic to access the first cell. For example, the above-mentioned method (1) and method (2) may be used in combination. Specifically, the first information may include characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell and / or characteristic information of a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell, and may further include a type of a terminal permitted to access the first cell and / or a type of a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell. In this case, after receiving the first information, when the characteristic information of the terminal is the same as the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the first cell indicated by the network device, and in addition, when the type of the terminal is the same as the type of the terminal permitted to access the first cell indicated by the network device, the terminal may determine that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell. Otherwise, the terminal determines that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0178] For example, both of the above Table 2 and Table 3 are carried in the first information and transmitted to the terminal. Assuming that the terminal has Type 1, the characteristic information of the terminal includes MAX BW=5MHz, MAX QAM=16, and is applied to an IWSN scenario, the terminal can know that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell by consulting Table 2 and Table 3. Assuming that the terminal has Type 1, the characteristic information of the terminal includes MAX BW=20MHz, MAX QAM=64, and is applied to a wearable scenario, the terminal can know that the terminal is permitted to access the first cell by consulting Table 2 and Table 3.

[0179] Method (3): The first information includes K bits, and one of the K bits corresponds to one or more of the M types. Each of the K bits corresponds to one or more of the M types, and different bits may correspond to the same number of types or different numbers of types. For example, one type may correspond to one bit or may correspond to multiple bits. This is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. When the value of the bit is T1, the terminal permitted to access the first cell has a type corresponding to the bit, or when the value of the bit is T2 or not T1, the terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell has a type corresponding to the bit. K is an integer equal to or greater than 1, M is an integer equal to or greater than 1, T1 and T2 are integers, and T1 and T2 are different.

[0180] Each type corresponds to one or more pieces of characteristic information. Terminals of the same type have the same characteristic information, and terminals of different types have different characteristic information.

[0181] T1 and T2 may be binary bit numbers "0" and "1" or binary bit numbers "1" and "0", or may be other symbols or numbers, etc. This is not limited. For example, T1 is 1 and T2 is 0, or T1 is 0 and T2 is 1.

[0182] For example, the first information is carried in the DCI, one bit corresponds to one type, and the value of the bit is the number of bits in a binary number. The number of bits in the binary number, i.e., 0, indicates that a terminal of the type corresponding to the bit is permitted to access the first cell, and the number of bits in the binary number, i.e., 1, indicates that a terminal of the type corresponding to the bit is prohibited from accessing the first cell. When there are four types, type 1, type 2, type 3, and type 4, and a terminal of type 4 is prohibited from accessing the first cell and terminals of other types are permitted to access the first cell, the DCI may carry four bits 0001, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the four types. 0001 indicates that terminals of types 1 to 3 are permitted to access the first cell, and terminals of type 4 are prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0183] Method (4): The first information indicates N, and the types of terminals permitted to access the first cell include N of M types, or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell include N of M types, where M is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and N is an integer equal to or greater than 1.

[0184] For example, the M types may be sorted and a sequence number is assigned to each type. The types of terminals permitted to access the first cell are those of the M types whose sequence numbers are less than or equal to N, and the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell are those of the M types whose sequence numbers are greater than N. Alternatively, the types of terminals permitted to access the first cell are those of the M types whose sequence numbers are greater than N, and the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell are those of the M types whose sequence numbers are less than or equal to N.

[0185] The value of N may be represented by using a binary bit number or a hexadecimal number. A binary bit number is used as an example. If N is 2, 01 may be used in the representation. If N is 3, 10 may be used in the representation.

[0186] For example, the first information is carried in the DCI, and the type of terminal permitted to access the first cell is the type of M types whose sequence number is equal to or less than N, and the type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell is the type of M types whose sequence number is equal to or greater than N. For example, the value of N is represented by using the number of binary bits. Assuming that there are four types, type 1, type 2, type 3, and type 4, and the terminal of type 4 is prohibited from accessing the first cell, and the terminals of the other three types are permitted to access the first cell, the four types may be sorted in the order of type 1, type 2, type 3, and type 4, and the sequence numbers corresponding to the four types are 1, 2, 3, and 4. In this case, the DCI may carry a binary bit "10" to indicate that the type of terminal permitted to access the first cell is the type whose sequence number is equal to or less than 3, and the type of terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell is the type whose sequence number is greater than 3.

[0187] Furthermore, in one possible implementation form shown in FIG. 5, in order to reduce power consumption by a terminal caused by searching for accessible neighboring cells when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the method shown in FIG. 5 may further include the following steps: the network device transmits second information to the terminal in the first cell, and the terminal receives the second information from the network device.

[0188] The second information may be used to indicate characteristic information of a terminal allowed to access the second cell, where the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell, and the neighboring cell of the first cell may be one or more cells. In this way, when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal may determine a second cell that can be accessed by the terminal based on the second information, and further access the second cell.

[0189] The neighboring cells of a first cell may refer to cells surrounding, adjacent to, or close to the first cell (e.g., within 500 meters, 1 kilometre (km), 3 km, or other values). The first cell and the neighboring cells of the first cell may be covered by the same network device or by different network devices. This is not limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, assuming that the first cell is cell 1.1 covered by network device 1, the neighboring cells of the first cell may include cell 1.2 covered by network device 1 and cell 2.1 covered by network device 2.

[0190] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the network device covering the first cell may be referred to as the first network device, and the network device covering the second cell may be referred to as the second network device. The first network device and the second network device may be the same network device or different network devices. This is not limited.

[0191] The second information may be carried together with the first information and transmitted to the terminal. For example, the second information may be carried together with the first information and transmitted to the terminal in a SIB, a paging message, or a DCI for scheduling a SIB. Alternatively, the second information may be carried in a separate message (a message different from the message carrying the first information) and transmitted to the terminal. This is not limited.

[0192] For example, the second information includes characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the second cell and / or characteristic information of a terminal prohibited from accessing the second cell, includes a type of a terminal permitted to access the second cell and / or a type of a terminal prohibited from accessing the second cell, includes a subtype of a terminal permitted to access the second cell and / or a subtype of a terminal prohibited from accessing the second cell, includes K bits corresponding to M types, or includes a value of N values. Specifically, for its implementation form, please refer to the implementation form of the first information of the above method (1) to method (4). Details will not be described again.

[0193] In addition, the second information further includes identifiers (ID) of the second cell, access frequency information of the second cell, access priority of the second cell, etc. In this case, after finding the second cell to which access is permitted based on the second information, the terminal accesses the second cell having a higher access priority based on the access frequency information of the second cell. The access frequency information of the second cell may include a frequency of the SSB of the second cell, or a global synchronization channel number (GSCN) of the SSB of the second cell.

[0194] The content of the second information may be actively sent by the second network device to the first network device via the Xn interface, or may be requested by the first network device via the Xn interface from the second network device. This is not limited. The first network device may directly forward the content to the terminal, or may forward the content to the terminal after simple processing (e.g., adding a header or reassembling the content). This is not limited.

[0195] For example, the following Table 5 shows the second information configured by the network device for the terminal. The second information includes subtypes of terminals authorized to access neighboring cells of the first cell, cell identifiers of the neighboring cells of the first cell, and SSB frequencies and access priorities of the neighboring cells of the first cell. As shown in Table 5, the neighboring cells include cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, the IDs of the three cells are cell ID-1, cell ID-2, and cell ID-3, respectively, the access priority of cell 1 is higher than the access priority of cell 2, and the access priority of cell 2 is higher than the access priority of cell 3. The SSB frequency of cell 1 is 1920 MHz, and the subtypes of terminals authorized to access cell 1 include subtype 1, subtype 2, subtype 3, and subtype 4. The SSB frequency of cell 2 is 2010 MHz, and the subtypes of terminals authorized to access cell 2 include subtype 1 and subtype 2. The SSB frequency of cell 3 is 1432 MHz, and the subtypes of the terminal allowed to access cell 3 are subtype 3 and subtype 4. If the terminal is denied access to the first cell and the terminal has subtype 4, the terminal determines that the terminal can access cell 1 and cell 3 by consulting table 5, selects cell 1 with a high access priority, receives the SSB transmitted by the network device at the SSB frequency of cell 1, i.e., 1920 MHz, and further accesses cell 1 based on the received SSB. If the terminal cannot access cell 1, the terminal selects cell 3 with a low access priority, and accesses cell 3 based on the SSB frequency of cell 3, i.e., 1432 MHz.

[0196] [Table 5]

[0197] It should be noted that Table 5 is an exemplary table, and the number of subtypes in Table 5 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 5, one or more other types, subtypes, characteristic information, etc. may be further included. This is not limited.

[0198] For another example, the following Table 6 shows the second information configured by the network device for the terminal. The second information includes the maximum bandwidth of the terminal allowed to access the neighboring cells of the first cell, the cell identifiers of the neighboring cells of the first cell, and the SSB frequencies and access priorities of the neighboring cells of the first cell. As shown in Table 6, the neighboring cells include cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, the IDs of the three cells are cell ID-1, cell ID-2, and cell ID-3, respectively, the access priority of cell 1 is higher than the access priority of cell 2, and the access priority of cell 2 is higher than the access priority of cell 3. The SSB frequency of cell 1 is 1920 MHz, and the maximum bandwidth of the terminal allowed to access cell 1 is MAX BW=5 MHz. The SSB frequency of cell 2 is 2010 MHz, and the maximum bandwidth of the terminal allowed to access cell 2 is MAX BW=10 MHz. The SSB frequency of cell 3 is 1432 MHz, and the maximum bandwidth of the terminal allowed to access cell 3 is MAX BW=10 MHz and MAX BW=20 MHz. If the terminal is denied access to the first cell and the terminal has a maximum bandwidth MAX BW=10 MHz, the terminal determines that the terminal can access cell 2 and cell 3 by consulting Table 6, selects cell 2 with a high access priority, receives the SSB transmitted by the network device at the SSB frequency of cell 2, i.e., 2010 MHz, and further accesses cell 2 based on the received SSB. If the terminal cannot access cell 2, the terminal selects cell 3 with a low access priority and accesses cell 3 based on the SSB frequency of cell 3, i.e., 1432 MHz.

[0199] [Table 6]

[0200] It should be noted that Table 6 is an exemplary table, and the number of characteristic information in Table 6 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 6, one or more other types, subtypes, characteristic information, etc. may be further included. This is not limited.

[0201] As another example, the following Table 7 shows second information configured by the network device for the terminal. The second information includes characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the neighboring cell of the first cell, cell identifiers of the neighboring cells of the first cell, and SSB frequencies and access priorities of the neighboring cells of the first cell. As shown in Table 7, the neighboring cells include cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, the IDs of the three cells are cell ID-1, cell ID-2, and cell ID-3, respectively, the access priority of cell 1 is higher than the access priority of cell 2, and the access priority of cell 2 is higher than the access priority of cell 3. The SSB frequency of cell 1 is 1920 MHz, and the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access cell 1 is "does not support wearables". The SSB frequency of cell 2 is 2010 MHz, and the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access cell 2 is "supports only half-duplex FDD". The SSB frequency of cell 3 is 1432 MHz, and the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access cell 3 is "unrestricted". If the terminal is denied access to the first cell and the terminal supports half-duplex FDD, the terminal may determine that the terminal can access cell 2 and cell 3 by consulting Table 7, select cell 2 with a high access priority, receive the SSB transmitted by the network device at the SSB frequency of cell 2, i.e., 2010 MHz, and access cell 2 based on the received SSB. If the terminal cannot access cell 2, the terminal may select cell 3 with a low access priority and access cell 3 based on the SSB frequency of cell 3, i.e., 1432 MHz.

[0202] [Table 7]

[0203] It should be noted that Table 7 is an exemplary table, and the number of characteristic information in Table 7 is not limited. In addition to the contents shown in Table 7, one or more other types, subtypes, characteristic information, etc. may be further included. This is not limited.

[0204] Based on this possible implementation, when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the related information of the second cell, the terminal may determine a neighboring cell that the terminal is allowed to access, and access the neighboring cell, which solves the problem of high power consumption caused by the terminal blindly searching for accessible neighboring cells around the first cell many times when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, and further reduces the power consumption of the terminal.

[0205] With reference to the communication system shown in FIG. 3, the following describes in detail the method shown in FIG. 5 by using an example in which a neighboring cell of a first cell is a second cell, a network device covering the first cell is a first network device, a network device covering the second cell is a second network device, and the first information and second information of FIG. 5 are carried in a SIB and transmitted to a terminal.

[0206] 6a is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6a, the method includes the following steps:

[0207] Step 601a: The second network device sends related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0208] The related information of the second cell may be as described above. In addition to the information indicating the characteristic information of the terminal permitted / prohibited to access the second cell, the related information of the second cell may further include the identifier of the second cell, the access frequency information of the second cell, the access priority of the second cell, etc. This is not limited.

[0209] For example, the second network device may send the related information of the second cell to the first network device via an interface between the second network device and the first network device, such as an Xn interface.

[0210] Step 602a: A first network device transmits an SSB to a terminal in a first cell.

[0211] For step 602a, please refer to the above process in which the network device sends an SSB in the initial access procedure, as described above, and the details will not be described again.

[0212] Step 603a: The terminal searches for an SSB and acquires a PBCH from the found SSB.

[0213] Step 604a: The terminal obtains the MIB from the PBCH, and determines the CSS and CORESET#0 according to the instruction of the MIB.

[0214] Step 605a: The first network device transmits DCI on a resource indicated by the CSS and CORESET#0, where the DCI is used to schedule a PDSCH carrying a SIB.

[0215] In this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may determine a resource for transmitting a DCI and indicate the resource to the terminal by using a CSS and CORESET#0. When the first network device transmits a DCI, it may be considered that the DCI is transmitted on the determined resource, or the DCI is transmitted on the resource indicated by the CSS and CORESET#0.

[0216] In this embodiment of the present application, the parameters of the resource for transmitting the PDCCH (carrying DCI) include at least two of the following parameters: periodicity, frequency domain resource position, slot in which the time domain is located, start position of the time domain symbol in the slot, number of time domain symbols included in the slot, PDCCH aggregation level, number of PDCCH candidate resource positions in the resource, etc. Some parameters may be indicated by the configuration parameters of CORESET#0, for example, at least one of the following parameters of the resource: periodicity, frequency domain resource position, and number of time domain symbols included in the slot. Some parameters, for example, at least one of the following parameters of the resource: slot in which the time domain is located, start position of the time domain symbol in the slot, PDCCH aggregation level, and number of PDCCH candidate resource positions in the resource, may be indicated by the CSS.

[0217] Step 606a: The first network device transmits a PDSCH carrying the SIB to the terminal at a time-frequency resource location indicated by the DCI.

[0218] In this embodiment of the present application, the first network device may determine a resource for transmitting a PDSCH and indicate the resource to the terminal by using a DCI. When the first network device transmits a PDSCH, the PDSCH may be considered to be transmitted on the determined resource or the PDSCH may be considered to be transmitted on the resource indicated by the DCI.

[0219] The SIB may include first information and second information. For related descriptions of the first information and the second information, please refer to the description of FIG. 5. Details will not be described again.

[0220] Step 607a: The terminal blindly detects DCI transmitted by the first network device within resources determined based on the CSS and CORESET#0, and further receives a PDSCH carrying an SIB based on an indication of the DCI, and obtains the SIB from the PDSCH.

[0221] Step 608a: The terminal determines whether to access the first cell based on the first information included in the SIB.

[0222] For step 608a, please refer to step 503. Details will not be described again.

[0223] When the terminal decides to access the first cell, the terminal initiates a random access procedure to the first network device based on the configuration information included in the SIB, otherwise, the terminal performs steps 609a and 610a.

[0224] Step 609a: When the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal stops accessing the first cell and determines, based on the second information, to access the second cell.

[0225] The terminal stopping accessing the first cell may include the terminal stopping initiation of a random access procedure to the first network device based on the configuration information included in the SIB.

[0226] For a procedure in which the terminal determines to access the second cell based on the second information, please refer to the description of the possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 5. The details will not be described again.

[0227] Step 610a: The terminal initiates an access procedure to the second cell.

[0228] The terminal initiating an access procedure to the second cell may include: the terminal searching for an SSB transmitted by a second network device in the second cell based on the access frequency information of the second cell, performing initial access based on the found SSB, and after the initial access is successful, initiating a random access request to the second network device by referring to an existing random access procedure, performing random access, and setting up an RRC connection to the second network device, etc.

[0229] Based on the method shown in FIG. 6a, the network device indicates the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the cell and the information on the neighboring cells of the cell to the terminal in the cell by using the SIB, so that the terminal determines whether the terminal can access the cell based on the instruction of the network device and the characteristic information of the terminal. After the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the specific frequency at which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell, and further accesses the cell. In this way, the network device indicates the characteristics of the terminal permitted / prohibited to access the cell, which improves the flexibility of the network side to control cell access, the network side can better implement service control and traffic control, and the power consumption of the terminal can be reduced. In the method shown in FIG. 6a, the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the neighboring cell is indicated in the SIB, which reduces the power consumption of the SSB frequency domain search and the terminal's access attempt.

[0230] With reference to the communication system shown in FIG. 3, the following will describe in detail the method shown in FIG. 5 by using an example in which a neighboring cell of a first cell is a second cell, a network device covering the first cell is a first network device, a network device covering the second cell is a second network device, and the first information and second information of FIG. 5 are carried in a DCI for scheduling a SIB and transmitted to a terminal.

[0231] Figure 6b is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6b, the method includes the following steps:

[0232] Step 601b: The second network device sends related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0233] For the execution process of step 601b, please refer to the description of step 601a, and the details will not be described again.

[0234] Step 602b: The first network device transmits an SSB to a terminal in the first cell.

[0235] Step 603b: The terminal searches for an SSB, acquires a PBCH from the found SSB, acquires a MIB from the PBCH, and determines a CSS and CORESET#0 based on an instruction in the MIB.

[0236] Step 604b: The first network device sends a DCI to the terminal on the resource indicated by the CSS and CORESET#0.

[0237] The DCI may be used to schedule the PDSCH carrying the SIB. The DCI may include first information and second information. For related descriptions of the first information and the second information, please refer to the description of Figure 5. Details will not be described again.

[0238] Step 605b: The terminal blindly detects DCI transmitted by the first network device within the resource determined based on the CSS and CORESET#0.

[0239] Step 606b: The terminal determines whether to access the first cell based on the first information included in the DCI.

[0240] For step 606b, please refer to step 503. Details will not be described again.

[0241] When the terminal decides to access the first cell, the terminal receives an SIB at the time-frequency resource location indicated by the DCI and initiates a random access procedure to the first network device based on the configuration information included in the SIB; otherwise, the terminal performs steps 607b and 608b.

[0242] Step 607b: When the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal stops accessing the first cell and determines, based on the second information, to access the second cell.

[0243] The terminal stopping accessing the first cell may include the terminal stopping reception of the SIB at the time-frequency resource position indicated by the DCI. For a procedure in which the terminal determines to access the second cell based on the second information, please refer to the description of the possible implementation of the method illustrated in Figure 5. Details will not be described again.

[0244] Step 608b: The terminal initiates an access procedure to the second cell.

[0245] For step 608b, please refer to step 610a. Details will not be described again.

[0246] Based on the method shown in FIG. 6b, the network device indicates the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the cell and the information on the neighboring cells of the cell to the terminal in the cell by using the DCI for scheduling the SIB, so that the terminal determines whether the terminal can access the cell based on the instruction of the network device and the characteristic information of the terminal. After the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the specific frequency on which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell, and further accesses the cell. In this way, the network device indicates the characteristics of the terminal permitted / prohibited to access the cell, which improves the flexibility of the network side to control cell access, and the network side can better implement service control and traffic control. In addition, according to the method shown in FIG. 6b, after reading the DCI, the terminal can find out that the access of the terminal is denied as soon as possible. In this case, the terminal does not need to read additional information and does not need to perform a subsequent random access procedure, which reduces the power consumption of the terminal and reduces the signaling overhead. In addition, in the method shown in FIG. 6b, characteristic information of terminals permitted to access neighboring cells is indicated in the DCI, thereby reducing power consumption of SSB frequency domain searches and terminal access attempts.

[0247] With reference to the communication system shown in FIG. 3, the following will describe in detail the method shown in FIG. 5 by using an example in which a neighboring cell of a first cell is a second cell, a network device covering the first cell is a first network device, a network device covering the second cell is a second network device, and the first information and second information of FIG. 5 are carried in a paging message and transmitted to a terminal.

[0248] 6c is a flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6c, the method includes the following steps:

[0249] Step 601c: The second network device sends the related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0250] For the execution process of step 601c, please refer to the description of step 601a, and the details will not be described again.

[0251] Step 602c: The first network device sends a paging message to a terminal in the first cell, and the terminal receives the paging message.

[0252] The paging message may be used to wake up / page the terminal. The paging message may include first information and second information. For related descriptions of the first information and the second information, please refer to the description of FIG. 5. Details will not be described again.

[0253] Step 603c: The terminal determines whether to access the first cell based on the first information included in the paging message.

[0254] For step 603c, please refer to step 503. Details will not be described again.

[0255] When the terminal determines to access the first cell, the terminal wakes up, prepares to switch to a connected mode, and initiates a random access procedure to the first network device; otherwise, the terminal performs steps 604c and 605c.

[0256] Step 604c: When the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal stops accessing the first cell and determines, based on the second information, to access the second cell.

[0257] The terminal stopping accessing the first cell may include that the terminal is not woken up and the terminal is in an idle mode or an inactive mode. For a procedure in which the terminal determines to access the second cell based on the second information, please refer to the description of the possible implementation of the method shown in Figure 5. Details will not be described again.

[0258] Step 605c: The terminal initiates an access procedure to the second cell.

[0259] For step 605c, please refer to step 610a. Details will not be described again.

[0260] Based on the method shown in FIG. 6c, the network device indicates the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the cell and the information on the neighboring cells of the cell to the terminal in the cell by using a paging message, so that the terminal determines whether the terminal can access the cell based on the instruction of the network device and the characteristic information of the terminal. After the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the specific frequency at which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell, and further accesses the neighboring cell. In this way, the network device indicates the characteristics of the terminal permitted / prohibited to access the cell, which improves the flexibility of the network side to control cell access, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control. In addition, according to the method shown in FIG. 6c, the terminal can find out that the terminal's access is denied as early as possible in the paging phase, and does not need to switch to a connected mode to start a random access procedure, which reduces the power consumption of the terminal and reduces the signaling overhead. In addition, in the method shown in FIG. 6c, the characteristic information of the terminal permitted to access the neighboring cell is indicated, which reduces the power consumption of the SSB frequency domain search and the access attempt of the terminal.

[0261] In Figures 5-6c, the access method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by using an example, such as a network device indicates characteristic information of a terminal allowed to access a cell to a terminal in a cell by using SIB, DCI, or paging message, and the terminal decides whether to access the cell according to the instruction of the network device. Alternatively, after identifying the characteristic information of the terminal, the network device may send access refusal information to the terminal. Specifically, please refer to Figures 7-8b-1 and 8b-2.

[0262] 7 is a flowchart of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes the following steps:

[0263] Step 701: A terminal sends third information to a first network device in a first cell.

[0264] The third information may indicate the characteristic information of the terminal. For the relevant description of the characteristic information of the terminal, please refer to the above terminology description section. The details will not be described again.

[0265] Specifically, the third information may include characteristic information of the terminal, or may include a type and / or subtype corresponding to the characteristic information of the terminal, for example, may include a type index number and / or a subtype index number. It should be noted that when the third information includes a type and / or subtype corresponding to the characteristic information of the terminal, there is a correspondence between the characteristic information of the terminal and the type and / or subtype, and the correspondence may be specified in advance in a protocol. In this case, when the terminal further has other characteristic information in addition to the characteristic information specified in the protocol and corresponding to the type and / or subtype, the terminal may further include the type and / or subtype, as well as the other characteristic information in the third information, and send the third information to the network device.

[0266] In one example, the terminal may include the third information in Msg3 and send Msg3 to the first network device.

[0267] Specifically, for the transmission method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 8a-1 and FIG. 8a-2.

[0268] In another example, the terminal may include the third information in MsgA and send MsgA to the first network device.

[0269] Specifically, for the transmission method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 8b-1 and FIG. 8b-2.

[0270] In yet another example, the terminal may indicate third information of the terminal to the network device by using the access preamble.

[0271] For example, the terminal may transmit a preamble to the network device on a specific transmission resource. The transmission resource corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or the transmission resource corresponds to the type / subtype of the terminal. After the network device receives the preamble, the network device may determine the characteristic information of the terminal based on the transmission resource carrying the preamble, and then may determine whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal.

[0272] Specifically, when the transmission resource corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, the network device may directly determine the characteristic information of the terminal according to the transmission resource. When the transmission resource corresponds to the type / subtype of the terminal, the terminal may determine the type / subtype of the terminal according to the transmission resource, and then determine the characteristic information of the terminal according to the correspondence relationship between the type / subtype of the terminal and the characteristic information of the terminal shown in Table 1.

[0273] The transmission resource may include a frequency domain resource and / or a time domain resource. The frequency domain resource may include, but is not limited to, an uplink bandwidth portion (UP BWP), and the time domain resource may include, but is not limited to, a random access opportunity (RACH occasion, RO). The correspondence between the transmission resource and the characteristic information of the terminal may be pre-configured for the terminal or the network device. The correspondence may be pre-stored in the terminal or the network device in a table format, an array format, or other format.

[0274] For example, the transmission resource corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal. The following Table 8 shows the correspondence between the transmission resource and the characteristic information of the terminal. It is assumed that the terminal 1 transmits a preamble to the network device by using UP BWP 1. The network device may determine that the characteristic information of the terminal 1 includes {MAX BW=5MHz, MAX QAM=16, IWSN} based on the correspondence shown in the following Table 8 and the transmission resource UP BWP 1, and further check whether the characteristic information of the terminal 1 is included in the characteristic information of the terminal allowed to access the first cell. If so, the terminal 1 is allowed to access the first cell, and if not, the terminal 1 is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0275] [Table 8]

[0276] It should be understood that Table 8 is just an example for explanation. In addition to the contents shown in Table 8, other characteristic information of the terminal, transmission resources, etc. may be further included. This is not limited in the present application.

[0277] In another example, the terminal transmits a preamble to the network device, where the preamble belongs to a specific preamble set, where the preamble set corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or the preamble set corresponds to the type / subtype of the terminal. The network device may determine the characteristic information of the terminal based on the preamble set to which the preamble belongs, and may determine whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal.

[0278] Optionally, the preamble set includes one or more preambles, and the preamble set may also be referred to as at least one preamble or one or more preambles. The number of preambles included in the preamble set is not limited in this application. The preambles included in different preamble sets may be used by different terminal types. The preambles included in each preamble set and the correspondence between the preamble set and the characteristic information of the terminal, or the correspondence between the preamble set and the type / subtype of the terminal may be preconfigured for the terminal or network device. The correspondence may be pre-stored in the terminal or network device in a table format, an array format, or other format.

[0279] For example, a preamble set corresponds to a type / subtype of a terminal. Table 9 below shows the correspondence between the preamble set and the type / subtype of a terminal. Assuming that the terminal 1 uses a preamble of preamble set 1, after the network device receives the preamble transmitted by the terminal 1, the network device may determine that the terminal 1 is a terminal whose type is 1 and whose subtype is 1 based on the correspondence shown in Table 9 below, and may further check whether the characteristic information of the terminal is included in the characteristic information of the terminal allowed to access the first cell based on Table 1. If so, the terminal 1 is allowed to access the first cell, and if not, the terminal 1 is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0280] [Table 9]

[0281] It should be understood that Table 9 is merely an example for explanation. In addition to the contents shown in Table 9, other types / subtypes of terminals, preamble sets, etc. may also be included. This is not limited in the present application.

[0282] Specifically, in yet another example, for this method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 8c-1 and FIG. 8c-2.

[0283] Step 702: The network device receives the third information, and sends a response message to the terminal in the first cell.

[0284] The network device receives the third information, determines whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell based on the third information, includes an indication indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell in a response message, and sends the response message to the terminal.

[0285] When determining whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the third information, the network device may take into account the service amount, the number of users, etc. of the first cell. This depends on the specific implementation form on the network device side. Details will not be described. The response message may include an identifier indicating whether the terminal is allowed to access the first cell. For example, the response message may include a binary bit. A binary bit "0" may indicate that the terminal is allowed to access the first cell, and a binary bit "1" may indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. Alternatively, a binary bit "1" may indicate that the terminal is allowed to access the first cell, and a binary bit "0" may indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

[0286] In one example, the network device includes the response message in Msg4 and transmits Msg4 to the terminal. Alternatively, the network device includes the response message in DCI for scheduling Msg4 and transmits DCI to the terminal. For example, by using Msg4 or by using one bit in reserved bits in DCI for scheduling Msg4, the network device may indicate that the terminal is allowed or denied access to the first cell.

[0287] Specifically, for the transmission method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 8a-1 and FIG. 8a-2.

[0288] In another example, the network device includes the response message in MsgB and transmits MsgB to the terminal. Alternatively, the network device includes the response message in a DCI for scheduling MsgB and transmits the DCI to the terminal. For example, the network device may indicate that the terminal is permitted or denied access to the first cell by using MsgB or a bit in a reserved bit in the DCI for scheduling MsgB.

[0289] Specifically, for the transmission method, please refer to the description of the embodiment corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 8b-1 and FIG. 8b-2.

[0290] In yet another example, when the terminal transmits a preamble to the network device on a specific transmission resource, and the transmission resource corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or the transmission resource corresponds to the type / subtype of the terminal, or when the terminal transmits a preamble belonging to a specific preamble set to the network device, and the preamble set corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal, or the preamble set corresponds to the type / subtype of the terminal, the network device includes a response message in Msg2 and transmits Msg2 to the terminal, or the network device includes a response message in DCI for scheduling Msg2 and transmits DCI to the terminal. For example, by using Msg2 or by using one bit in the reserved bit in DCI for scheduling Msg2, the network device may indicate that the terminal is allowed or denied to access the first cell.

[0291] It should be understood that in this embodiment of the present application, the response message is not limited to being carried in Msg4, MsgB, Msg2, or DCI and sent to the terminal. Alternatively, the response message may be carried in other random access response (RAR) and sent to the terminal. This is not limited.

[0292] Step 703: The terminal receives a response message from the network device.

[0293] Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the method further includes the following steps:

[0294] Step 704: The terminal determines whether to access the first cell based on the response message.

[0295] For example, when the response message indicates that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, the terminal decides to access the first cell, sends an RRC connection request to the first network device, and sets up an RRC connection to the first network device.

[0296] When the response message indicates that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell, the terminal decides not to access the first cell, stops initiating an RRC connection request to the first network device, searches for a neighboring cell of the first cell, e.g., a second cell, and accesses the second cell.

[0297] According to the method provided in Fig. 7, the terminal can send the characteristic information of the terminal to the network device, so that the network device identifies the characteristic of the terminal, and determines whether to allow the terminal to access the cell according to the characteristic of the terminal, and further sends the information about whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell or not to be denied to the terminal. In this case, the terminal that accesses the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control.

[0298] In a possible implementation of the method shown in Fig. 7, before step 701, the first network device may send indication information to the terminal to indicate a specific parameter or a value of a specific parameter in the characteristic information of the terminal sent by the terminal. Specifically, the method includes: the first network device sends indication information to the terminal, and the terminal receives the indication information, where the indication information may indicate a type of a parameter included in the characteristic information.

[0299] The terminal sending the third information to the first network device in step 701 includes: the terminal sending the third information to the first network device based on the indication information.

[0300] When the third information is carried in Msg3, the indication information may be carried in Msg2, MIB, DCI, or SIB. The DCI is used to schedule the SIB.

[0301] When the third information is carried in MsgA, the indication information may be carried in a MIB, a DCI, or a SIB. The DCI is used to schedule the SIB. The SIB may include configuration information of MsgA.

[0302] Further, in one possible implementation form shown in FIG. 7, in order to reduce power consumption by a terminal caused by searching for an accessible neighboring cell when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the method shown in FIG. 7 may further include the following steps: the first network device transmits second information to the terminal in the first cell, and the terminal receives the second information from the first network device.

[0303] The second information may be carried in Msg4 or MsgB and transmitted to the terminal. For a related description of the second information, please refer to the description of the implementation form of the method shown in Fig. 5. For example, the second information may be as shown in Tables 5 to 7 in Fig. 5. Details will not be described again.

[0304] In this way, when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, the terminal determines the neighboring cell that the terminal is allowed to access based on the characteristic information of the terminal and the related information of the second cell, and accesses the neighboring cell, which solves the problem of high power consumption caused by the terminal blindly searching for accessible neighboring cells around the first cell many times when the terminal is denied access to the first cell, and further reduces the power consumption of the terminal.

[0305] Furthermore, in another possible implementation form shown in FIG. 7, the method shown in FIG. 7 may further include, when the first network device rejects the terminal from accessing the first cell, the first network device sending an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to the second network device, in order to identify the authenticity of the network device accessed by the terminal.

[0306] Correspondingly, when the terminal accesses the second cell, the terminal transmits the identifier of the terminal and the cell information of the first cell to the second network device, so that the second network device determines the authenticity of the network device accessed by the terminal before the terminal accesses the second cell based on the information transmitted by the terminal. When the network device is a suspicious device, corresponding remedial measures are taken in time to ensure the security of data transmission in the network. For example, if the cell information of the first cell received by the second network device from the first network device is different from the cell information of the first cell received by the second network device from the terminal, the second network device determines that the first network device corresponding to the first cell accessed by the terminal is a suspicious device, and transmits a notification message to the administrator or server managing the first network device to notify that the first network device is a suspicious device.

[0307] The identifier of the terminal may be used to uniquely identify the terminal. The cell information of the first cell may uniquely identify the first cell, and the cell information of the first cell may be a cell ID of the first cell.

[0308] For example, the terminal may include an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell in Msg1 and send Msg1 to the second network device by using a four-step random access procedure, or may include an identifier of the terminal and a cell identifier of the first cell in MsgA and send MsgA to the second network device by using a two-step random access procedure.

[0309] It should be noted that in the method illustrated in FIG. 7, the first cell may be referred to as the cell on which the terminal was last camped or the last serving cell before the terminal accessed the second cell.

[0310] Referring to the system shown in FIG. 3, the following will describe in detail the method shown in FIG. 7 by using an example in which the third information is carried in Msg3 and the response message is carried in Msg4, that is, the method shown in FIG. 7 is implemented by using a four-step random access procedure.

[0311] Figure 8a-1 and Figure 8a-2 are flowcharts of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8a-1 and Figure 8a-2, the method includes the following steps:

[0312] Step 801a: The second network device sends related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0313] For the execution process of step 801a, please refer to the description of step 601a, and the details will not be described again.

[0314] Step 802a: The terminal sends Msg1 to the first network device.

[0315] If there is a cell on which the terminal was last camped before the terminal sent Msg1 to the first network device, Msg1 may further include cell information, e.g., a cell identifier, of the cell on which the terminal was last camped.

[0316] Step 803a: The first network device receives Msg1 and sends Msg2 to the terminal.

[0317] Msg2 may carry indication information, and the indication information may indicate a type of parameter included in the characteristic information, so that the terminal reports the characteristic information indicated by the indication information to the first network device.

[0318] Step 804a: The terminal receives Msg2, and sends Msg3 to the first network device according to the indication information.

[0319] Msg3 may include the third information.

[0320] The third information may indicate characteristic information of the terminal.

[0321] Specifically, for the relevant description of the third information, please refer to the description of FIG. 7. The details will not be described again.

[0322] After receiving Msg3, the first network device may determine whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal. If the terminal is allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 805a and 806a. If the terminal is not allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 807a to 815a.

[0323] Step 805a: The first network device receives Msg3 and sends Msg4 to the terminal, where Msg4 indicates to the terminal to access the first cell.

[0324] Step 806a: The terminal receives Msg4, and accesses the first cell according to the instruction of Msg4.

[0325] The terminal accessing the first cell based on the indication of Msg4 may include the terminal sending an RRC connection setup request to the first network device to set up an RRC connection to the first network device.

[0326] Alternatively, step 805a and step 806a may be that after receiving Msg3, the first network device transmits a DCI for scheduling Msg4 to the terminal, where the DCI may carry a response message to indicate that the terminal accesses the first cell. Furthermore, the first network device transmits Msg4 to the terminal at a time-frequency location indicated by the DCI. The terminal receives the DCI for scheduling Msg4, determines based on the DCI that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, receives Msg4 at the time-frequency location indicated by the DCI, and further accesses the first cell based on Msg4.

[0327] Step 807a: The first network device sends Msg4 to the terminal.

[0328] Msg4 may indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. Msg4 may include second information. For a related description of the second information, please refer to the above description. Details will not be described again.

[0329] Alternatively, step 807a may be that after receiving Msg3, the first network device sends a DCI for scheduling Msg4 to the terminal, and the DCI may carry a response message to indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. Further, optionally, the first network device does not send a PDSCH carrying Msg4 to the terminal.

[0330] Step 808a: The first network device sends an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to the second network device, and the second network device receives the identifier of the terminal and the cell information of the first cell from the first network device.

[0331] For example, the first network device may send the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell to the second network device through the Xn interface. For the relevant description of the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell, please refer to the above description. The details will not be described again.

[0332] Step 809a: The terminal receives Msg4, stops accessing the first cell based on the instruction of Msg4, and decides to access a neighboring cell of the first cell, for example, a second cell, based on the second information.

[0333] For example, the terminal may stop setting up an RRC connection to the first network device, select a second cell to which access is allowed based on the second information, search for an SSB transmitted by the second network device in the second cell based on the access frequency information of the second cell, perform initial access based on the found SSB, and after the initial access is successful, initiate a random access request to the second network device to perform random access, set up an RRC connection to the second network device, etc.

[0334] Step 810a: The terminal sends Msg1 to a second network device in a second cell.

[0335] Msg1 may include an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell.

[0336] Step 811a: The second network device receives Msg1 and determines the authenticity of the first network device accessed by the terminal based on the cell information of the first cell included in Msg1 and the cell information of the first cell received in step 808a.

[0337] Further, optionally, if the first network device is a suspicious device, the second network device reports to a network administrator that the first network device is a suspicious device.

[0338] Step 812a: The second network device sends Msg2 to the terminal.

[0339] Msg2 may carry indication information, and the indication information may indicate the type of parameters included in the characteristic information, so that the terminal reports the characteristic information indicated by the indication information.

[0340] Step 813a: The terminal receives Msg2 and sends Msg3 to the second network device.

[0341] Msg3 may include third information. The third information may indicate characteristic information of the terminal.

[0342] Step 814a: The second network device sends Msg4 to the terminal, where Msg4 indicates to the terminal to access the second cell.

[0343] Step 815a: The terminal receives Msg4 and sets up a connection to the second network device.

[0344] The terminal setting up a connection to the second network device may include the terminal sending an RRC connection setup request to the second network device to set up an RRC connection to the second network device.

[0345] Based on the method provided in FIG. 8a-1 and FIG. 8a-2, the terminal may include the characteristic information of the terminal in Msg3 and send Msg3 to the network device, so that the network device identifies the characteristics of the terminal, determines whether to allow the terminal to access the cell based on the characteristics of the terminal, and sends information about whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell or not to the terminal. In this case, the terminal accessing the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control. In addition, the network device may send information about neighboring cells to the terminal, so that when the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the frequency at which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell and accesses the neighboring cell, thereby reducing the power consumption by the terminal caused by blindly searching the neighboring cell. In addition, based on the cell information of the cell last camped by the terminal and reported by the terminal, and the cell information of the cell and sent by the network device in the last camped cell, the network side can determine the authenticity of the network device in the last camped cell, thereby improving network security.

[0346] With reference to the system shown in FIG. 3, the following will describe in detail the method shown in FIG. 7 by using an example in which the third information is carried in MsgA and the response message is carried in MsgB, i.e., the method shown in FIG. 7 is implemented by using a two-step random access procedure.

[0347] Figure 8b-1 and Figure 8b-2 are flowcharts of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8b-1 and Figure 8b-2, the method includes the following steps:

[0348] Step 801b: The second network device sends related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0349] Step 802b: The terminal sends MsgA to the first network device.

[0350] MsgA may include the third information. For the relevant description of the third information, please refer to the description of FIG. 7. Details will not be described again. Before the terminal sends MsgA to the first network device, if there is a cell on which the terminal last camped, MsgA may further include cell information, for example, a cell identifier, of the cell on which the terminal last camped.

[0351] After receiving MsgA, the first network device may determine whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal. If the terminal is allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 803b and 804b. If the terminal is not allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 805b to 811b.

[0352] Step 803b: The first network device receives MsgA and sends MsgB to the terminal, where MsgB indicates to the terminal to access the first cell.

[0353] Step 804b: The terminal receives MsgB and accesses the first cell based on the instruction of MsgB.

[0354] The terminal accessing the first cell based on the indication of the MsgB may include the terminal sending an RRC connection setup request to the first network device to set up an RRC connection to the first network device.

[0355] Alternatively, step 803b and step 804b may be that after receiving MsgA, the first network device transmits a DCI for scheduling MsgB to the terminal, where the DCI may carry a response message to indicate that the terminal accesses the first cell. Furthermore, the first network device transmits MsgB to the terminal at a time-frequency location indicated by the DCI. The terminal receives the DCI for scheduling MsgB, determines based on the DCI that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, receives MsgB at the time-frequency location indicated by the DCI, and further accesses the first cell based on MsgB.

[0356] Step 805b: The first network device sends MsgB to the terminal.

[0357] The MsgB may indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. The MsgB may include second information. For a related description of the second information, please refer to the above description. The details will not be described again.

[0358] Alternatively, step 805b may be that after receiving MsgA, the first network device sends a DCI for scheduling MsgB to the terminal, and the DCI may carry a response message to indicate that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell. Further, optionally, the first network device does not send a PDSCH carrying MsgB to the terminal.

[0359] Step 806b: The first network device sends an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to the second network device, and the second network device receives the identifier of the terminal and the cell information of the first cell from the first network device.

[0360] For example, the first network device may send the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell to the second network device through the Xn interface. For the relevant description of the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell, please refer to the above description. The details will not be described again.

[0361] Step 807b: The terminal receives MsgB, stops accessing the first cell based on the instruction of MsgB, and decides to access a neighboring cell of the first cell, for example, a second cell, based on the second information.

[0362] For example, for step 807b, see step 809a. Details will not be described again.

[0363] Step 808b: The terminal sends MsgA to a second network device in the second cell.

[0364] MsgA may include third information, and the third information may indicate characteristic information of the terminal. MsgA may further include an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell.

[0365] Specifically, for the sending process of step 808b, please refer to the current technology, and the details will not be described again.

[0366] Step 809b: The second network device receives MsgA and determines the authenticity of the first network device accessed by the terminal based on the cell information of the first cell included in MsgA and the cell information of the first cell received in step 806b.

[0367] Further, optionally, if the first network device is a suspicious device, the second network device reports to a network administrator that the first network device is a suspicious device.

[0368] Step 810b: The second network device sends MsgB to the terminal, where MsgB indicates to the terminal to access the second cell.

[0369] Step 811b: The terminal receives MsgB and sets up a connection to the second network device.

[0370] For step 811b, please refer to step 815a. Details will not be described again.

[0371] Based on the method provided in Figure 8b-1 and Figure 8b-2, the terminal may include the characteristic information of the terminal in MsgA and send MsgA to the network device, so that the network device identifies the characteristics of the terminal, and determines whether to allow the terminal to access the cell based on the characteristics of the terminal, and further sends information about whether the terminal is allowed to access the cell or not to the terminal. In this case, the terminal accessing the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control. In addition, the network device may include information about the neighboring cell in MsgB and send MsgB to the terminal, so that when the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the frequency at which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell, and accesses the neighboring cell, thereby reducing the power consumption by the terminal caused by blindly searching the neighboring cell. In addition, based on the cell information of the cell last camped by the terminal and reported by the terminal, and the cell information of the cell and transmitted by the network device in the last camped cell, the network side can determine the authenticity of the network device in the last camped cell, thereby improving network security.

[0372] Figure 8c-1 and Figure 8c-2 are flowcharts of another access method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8c-1 and Figure 8c-2, the method includes the following steps:

[0373] Step 801c: The second network device sends the related information of the second cell to the first network device, and the first network device receives the related information of the second cell.

[0374] The related information of the second cell may include characteristic information of the terminal that is allowed to access the second cell. For the execution process of step 801c, please refer to the description of step 601a. ​​The details will not be described again.

[0375] It should be noted that step 801c is an optional step and may not be performed.

[0376] Step 802c: The terminal sends Msg1 carrying the preamble to the first network device by using a transmission resource.

[0377] The preamble belongs to a preamble set corresponding to the characteristic information of the terminal or the type / subtype of the terminal, or the transmission resource corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal or the type / subtype of the terminal.

[0378] Step 803c: The first network device receives Msg1, determines characteristic information of the terminal, and further determines whether to allow the terminal to access the first cell based on the characteristic information of the terminal. If the terminal is allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 804c and 805c. If the terminal is not allowed to access the first cell, the first network device performs steps 806c to 814c.

[0379] In one example, when the preamble carried in Msg1 belongs to a preamble set corresponding to the terminal characteristic information or the terminal type / subtype, the first network device determines the terminal characteristic information based on the preamble set to which the received preamble belongs.

[0380] In another example, when the transmission resource for Msg1 corresponds to the characteristic information of the terminal or the type / subtype of the terminal, the first network device determines the characteristic information of the terminal based on the transmission resource for transmitting Msg1 carrying the preamble.

[0381] Step 804c: The first network device sends Msg2 to the terminal, where Msg2 may indicate that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

[0382] Step 805c: The terminal receives Msg2, sends Msg3 to the first network device, receives Msg4 from the first network device, and further accesses the first cell based on Msg4.

[0383] The terminal accessing the first cell based on Msg4 may include the terminal sending an RRC connection setup request to the first network device to set up an RRC connection to the first network device based on Msg4.

[0384] Alternatively, step 804c and step 805c may be that after receiving Msg1, the first network device transmits a DCI for scheduling Msg2 to the terminal, where the DCI may carry a response message to indicate that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell. Furthermore, the first network device transmits Msg2 to the terminal at a time-frequency location indicated by the DCI. The terminal receives the DCI for scheduling Msg2, determines based on the DCI that the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, and further receives Msg2 at the time-frequency location indicated by the DCI.

[0385] Step 806c: The first network device sends Msg2 or a DCI for scheduling Msg2 to the terminal.

[0386] Msg2 may indicate that the terminal is barred from accessing the first cell, or the DCI for scheduling Msg2 indicates that the terminal is barred from accessing the first cell.

[0387] Furthermore, when step 801c is performed and the first network device obtains the related information of the second cell from the second network device, Msg2 or the DCI for scheduling Msg2 may further include second information. The second information may indicate the related information of the second cell. The related description of the second information is as above. The details will not be described again.

[0388] Step 807c: The first network device sends the identifier of the terminal and the cell information of the first cell to the second network device, and the second network device receives the identifier of the terminal and the cell information of the first cell from the first network device.

[0389] For example, the first network device may send the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell to the second network device through the Xn interface. For the relevant description of the terminal identifier and the cell information of the first cell, please refer to the above description. The details will not be described again.

[0390] It should be noted that step 807c is an optional step and may not be performed.

[0391] Step 808c: If the terminal receives Msg2 or a DCI for scheduling Msg2 and determines based on Msg2 or the DCI for scheduling Msg2 that the terminal is prohibited from accessing the first cell, the terminal stops accessing the first cell.

[0392] For example, the terminal may stop setting up an RRC connection to the first network device.

[0393] Furthermore, the terminal may search for and access the second cell. For example, the process of the terminal accessing the second cell may include: in step 806c, Msg2 or DCI for scheduling Msg2 includes the second information. The terminal selects a second cell to which access is permitted based on the second information, searches for an SSB transmitted by a second network device in the second cell based on the access frequency information of the second cell, and then first accesses the second cell based on the found SSB. Alternatively, when step 801c is not performed and the first network device does not send the second information to the terminal, the terminal actively performs a cell search according to the current technology and accesses the second cell after finding the second cell.

[0394] Further, after the terminal first accesses the second cell, the terminal performs a random access request shown in steps 809c to 814c below, such as to perform random access and set up an RRC connection to the second network device.

[0395] Step 809c: The terminal sends Msg1 to a second network device in the second cell.

[0396] Msg1 may include an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell.

[0397] Step 810c: The second network device receives Msg1.

[0398] Further, based on the terminal identification information and cell information of the first cell included in Msg1, as well as the terminal identifier and cell information of the first cell received in step 807c, when step 807c is performed, the second network device determines the authenticity of the first network device accessed by the terminal.

[0399] Further, optionally, if the first network device is a suspicious device, the second network device reports to a network administrator that the first network device is a suspicious device.

[0400] Step 811c: The second network device sends Msg2 to the terminal.

[0401] Msg2 may carry indication information, and the indication information may indicate the type of parameters included in the characteristic information, so that the terminal reports the characteristic information indicated by the indication information.

[0402] Step 812c: The terminal receives Msg2 and sends Msg3 to the second network device.

[0403] Msg3 may include third information. The third information may indicate characteristic information of the terminal.

[0404] Step 813c: The second network device sends Msg4 to the terminal, where Msg4 indicates to the terminal to access the second cell.

[0405] Step 814c: The terminal receives Msg4 and sets up a connection to the second network device.

[0406] The terminal setting up a connection to the second network device may include the terminal sending an RRC connection setup request to the second network device to set up an RRC connection to the second network device.

[0407] Based on the method provided in FIG. 8c-1 and FIG. 8c-2, the characteristic information of the terminal corresponds to a preamble set or transmission resource for transmitting Msg1, so that after receiving Msg1, the network device can identify the characteristic of the terminal, and based on the characteristic of the terminal, decide whether to allow the terminal to access the cell, and transmit information about the cells that are allowed or denied access to the terminal in advance. In this case, the random access procedure is stopped as soon as possible when the terminal is denied access to the cell, the power consumption by the terminal caused by accessing the first cell is reduced, the terminal accessing the cell is flexibly controlled, and the network side can well implement service control and traffic control. In addition, the network device can transmit information about neighboring cells to the terminal, so that when the terminal is denied access to the cell, the terminal knows the frequency at which the terminal searches for the SSB of the neighboring cell, and accesses the neighboring cell, thereby reducing the power consumption by the terminal caused by blindly searching the neighboring cell. In addition, based on the cell information of the cell last camped by the terminal and reported by the terminal, and the cell information of the cell and transmitted by the network device in the last camped cell, the network side can determine the authenticity of the network device in the last camped cell, thereby improving network security.

[0408] The above mainly describes the solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interactions between nodes. It can be understood that, in order to implement the aforementioned functions, nodes such as network devices and terminals include corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for performing the functions. In combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will naturally easily conceive that the algorithm steps may be implemented by the hardware of the embodiments of the present application, or by software, or by a combination of hardware and computer software in the method. Whether the functions are implemented by hardware or hardware driven by computer software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but the implementation form should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the present application.

[0409] In the embodiment of the present application, the functional modules of the network device or terminal may be obtained through division based on the above-mentioned method example. For example, each functional module may be obtained through division based on the corresponding function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the module division is an example and is merely a logical function division. In the actual implementation, other division methods may be used.

[0410] 9 is a block diagram of a communication device 90. The communication device 90 may be a terminal, a chip in a terminal, a system on chip, other devices capable of implementing the functions of the terminal in the above method, etc. The communication device 90 may be configured to implement the functions of the terminal in the above method embodiments. In a possible implementation form, the communication device 90 shown in FIG. 9 includes a receiving unit 901, a processing unit 902, and a transmitting unit 903.

[0411] In one possible design, the receiving unit 901 is configured to receive, in the first cell, first information from a network device and indicative of characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the first cell. For example, the receiving unit 901 is configured to support the communication device 90 in performing steps 502, 607a, 605b, and 602c.

[0412] The processing unit 902 is configured to determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information. For example, the processing unit 902 is configured to support the communication device 90 in performing steps 503, 608a, 606b, and 603c.

[0413] Specifically, all the relevant contents of the steps in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 6c can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional modules. The details will not be described again here. The communication device 90 is configured to implement the functions of the terminal in the access method shown in Figures 5 to 6c, and thus can achieve the same effects as the aforementioned access method.

[0414] In another possible design, the sending unit 903 is configured to send the third information indicating the characteristic information of the terminal to the first network device in the first cell. For example, the sending unit 903 is configured to support the communication device 90 in performing steps 701, 804a, and 802b.

[0415] The receiving unit 901 is configured to receive a response message in the first cell from the first network device and indicating whether the terminal is allowed to access the first cell. For example, the receiving unit 901 is configured to support the communication device 90 in performing steps 703, 806a, and 804b.

[0416] Specifically, all the relevant contents of the steps in the method embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 8b-1 and 8b-2 can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional modules. The details will not be described again here. The communication device 90 is configured to implement the functions of the terminal in the access method shown in Figures 7 to 8b-1 and 8b-2, and thus can achieve the same effects as the aforementioned access method.

[0417] In another possible implementation, the communication device 90 shown in FIG. 9 includes a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is configured to control and manage the operation of the communication device 90. For example, the processing module may integrate the functions of the processing unit 902 and may be configured to support the communication device 90 in performing steps 503, 608a, 606b, 602c, and other processes of the techniques described herein. The communication module may integrate the functions of the sending unit 901 and the receiving unit 903 and may further be configured to perform steps such as steps 502, 701, and 703, and support the communication device 90 in communicating with other network entities, for example, in communicating with the functional modules or network entities shown in FIG. 3. The communication device 90 may further include a storage module configured to store instructions and / or data. When the instructions are executed by the processing module, the processing module may be enabled to perform the aforementioned method on the terminal side.

[0418] The processing module may be a processor, a controller, a module, or a circuit. The processing module may implement or execute various example logic blocks described with reference to the contents disclosed in this application. The communication module may be a transceiver circuit, a pin, an interface circuit, a bus interface, a communication interface, etc. The storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 90 in this embodiment of the present application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 4.

[0419] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a separate hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed with reference to the embodiments of the present application may be directly performed by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by using a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0420] In an embodiment of the present application, the memory may be a non-transitory memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or a transitory memory, such as a random access memory (RAM). The memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium capable of carrying or storing expected program code in the form of instructions or data structures and further capable of being accessed by a computer. The memory in this embodiment of the present application may alternatively be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function and configured to store instructions and / or data.

[0421] 10 is a block diagram of a communication device 100. The communication device 100 may be a network device, a chip in a network device, a system on chip, other devices capable of implementing the functions of the network device in the above method, etc. The communication device 100 may be configured to implement the functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. In a possible implementation, the communication device 100 shown in FIG. 10 includes a receiving unit 1001 and a transmitting unit 1002.

[0422] In one possible design, the transmitting unit 1002 is configured to transmit first information to a terminal in the first cell, the first information being indicative of characteristic information of a terminal allowed to access the first cell, for example, to support the communication device 100 in performing steps 501, 606a, 604b, and 602c.

[0423] Specifically, all the relevant contents of the steps in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 6c can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional modules. The details will not be described again here. The communication device 100 is configured to implement the functions of the network device in the access method shown in Figures 5 to 6c, and thus can achieve the same effects as the aforementioned access method.

[0424] In another possible design, the receiving unit 1001 is configured to receive, in the first cell, third information from the terminal and indicative of characteristic information of the terminal. For example, the receiving unit 1001 is configured to support the communication device 100 in performing operations of receiving the third information in step 702, step 805a, and step 803b.

[0425] The transmitting unit 1002 is configured to transmit a response message to a terminal in the first cell, indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell or not. For example, the transmitting unit 1002 is configured to support the communication device 100 in performing the operations of transmitting the response message in step 702, step 805a, and step 803b.

[0426] The communications device 100 may further include a processing unit configured to process information received from the device and / or generate information to be transmitted to other devices.

[0427] Specifically, all the relevant contents of the steps in the method embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 8b-1 and 8b-2 can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional modules. The details will not be described again here. The communication device 100 is configured to implement the functions of the network device in the access method shown in Figures 7 to 8b-1 and 8b-2, and thus can achieve the same effects as the aforementioned access method.

[0428] In another possible implementation, the communication device 100 shown in FIG. 10 includes a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is configured to control and manage the operation of the communication device 100. For example, the processing module may integrate the functions of the processing units and may be configured to support the communication device 100 in performing the operations of the network device described herein other than the receiving or transmitting operations. The communication module may integrate the functions of the receiving unit 1001 and the transmitting unit 1002, and may further be configured to perform steps 702, 805a, and 803b and support the communication device 100 in communicating with other network entities, for example, in communicating with the functional modules or network entities shown in FIG. 3. The communication device 100 may further include a storage module configured to store instructions and / or data of the communication device 100. When the instructions are executed by the processing module, the processing module may be enabled to perform the aforementioned method on the terminal side.

[0429] The processing module may be a processor, a controller, a module, or a circuit. The processing module may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks described with reference to the contents disclosed in this application. Alternatively, the processor may be a combination of processors performing computational functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, or a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor. The communication module may be a transceiver circuit, a pin, an interface circuit, a bus interface, a communication interface, etc. The storage module may be a memory. When the processing module is a processor, the communication module is a communication interface, and the storage module is a memory, the communication device 100 in this embodiment of the application may be the communication device shown in FIG. 4.

[0430] 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication system may include a plurality of terminals 110 and a plurality of network devices 111.

[0431] The terminal 110 may have the functionality of the communication device 90. The network device 111 may have the functionality of the communication device 100.

[0432] For example, the network device 111 is configured to transmit first information, indicative of characteristic information of terminals allowed to access the first cell, to the terminal 110 in the first cell.

[0433] The terminal 110 is configured to receive first information from the network device 111 in the first cell and determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information. When the terminal 110 determines that it is permitted to access the first cell, the terminal 110 initiates an access procedure and accesses the first cell. Alternatively, when the terminal 110 determines that it is prohibited from accessing the first cell, the terminal 110 stops accessing the first cell and accesses a neighboring cell of the first cell, for example, a second cell.

[0434] In another example, the terminal 110 is configured to transmit third information indicative of characteristic information of the terminal 110 to the first network device 111 in the first cell.

[0435] The network device 111 is configured to receive third information from the terminal 110 in the first cell and, based on the third information, transmit a response message to the terminal 110 in the first cell indicating whether the terminal 110 is authorized to access the first cell.

[0436] The terminal 110 is further configured to receive a response message in the first cell from the first network device 111. When the terminal 110 is permitted to access the first cell, the terminal 110 initiates an access procedure and further accesses the first cell. Alternatively, when the terminal 110 is prohibited from accessing the first cell, the terminal 110 stops accessing the first cell and accesses a neighboring cell of the first cell, for example, a second cell.

[0437] Specifically, for the specific implementation process of the terminal 110, please refer to the implementation process of the terminal in the method embodiment of Figures 5 to 8b-1 and 8b-2. The details will not be described again here. For the specific implementation process of the network device 111, please refer to the implementation process of the network device 111 in the method embodiment of Figures 5 to 8b-1 and 8b-2. The details will not be described again here.

[0438] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable recording medium. All or part of the process of the aforementioned method embodiment may be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware. The program may be stored in the aforementioned computer-readable recording medium. When the program is executed, the process of the aforementioned method embodiment may be implemented. The computer-readable recording medium may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device (e.g., including a data sender and / or a data receiver) in any one of the aforementioned embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal device. Alternatively, the computer-readable recording medium may be an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc., configured in the terminal device. Furthermore, the computer-readable recording medium may include both the internal storage unit of the terminal device and the external storage device. The computer-readable recording medium is configured to store the computer program, as well as other programs and data required by the terminal device. The computer-readable recording medium may be further configured to temporarily store the output data or the data to be output.

[0439] An embodiment of the present application further provides computer instructions. All or part of the procedures in the above method embodiments may be implemented by related hardware (such as a computer, a processor, a network device, and a terminal) that is instructed by computer instructions. The program may be stored in the above computer-readable recording medium.

[0440] It should be noted that in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are intended to distinguish between different objects and do not indicate a particular order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the recited steps or units, and optionally further includes unrecited steps or units, or optionally further includes other specific steps or units of the process, method, product, or device.

[0441] In this application, it should be understood that "at least one" means one or more, "multiple" means more than one, and "at least two" means two, three, or more, and further, "and / or" is used to describe an association relationship between related objects and indicates that there may be a triple relationship. For example, "A and / or B" may indicate that only A is present, only B is present, and both A and B are present, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " typically represents an "or" relationship between related objects. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c may indicate a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural.

[0442] In the embodiment of the present application, it should be understood that "B corresponding to A" indicates that B is associated with A. For example, B may be determined based on A. However, it should be further understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined based only on A. Alternatively, B may be determined based on A and / or other information. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, "connection" means various connection methods, such as direct connection or indirect connection, to implement communication between devices. This is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0443] Unless otherwise specified, "transmit / transmission" in the embodiments of the present application refers to bidirectional transmission and includes a transmitting operation and / or a receiving operation. Specifically, "transmit / transmission" in the embodiments of the present application includes data transmission, data reception, or data transmission and data reception. In other words, data transmission herein includes uplink and / or downlink data transmission. Data may include channels and / or signals. An uplink data transmission is an uplink channel transmission and / or an uplink signal transmission, and a downlink data transmission is a downlink channel transmission and / or a downlink signal transmission. In the embodiments of the present application, "network" and "system" convey the same concept, and a communication system is a communication network.

[0444] From the above description of the implementation form, those skilled in the art can understand that for the sake of convenient and concise description, the above-mentioned division of functional modules is regarded as an example for explanation. In practical application, the above-mentioned functions can be allocated to various modules and implemented according to requirements, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into various functional modules to implement all or part of the above-mentioned functions.

[0445] It should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method in some embodiments provided in this application may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described apparatus embodiment is merely an example. For example, the division into modules or units is merely a logical division of functions, and may be other divisions in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into other apparatuses, and some functions may be ignored or not implemented. In addition, the shown or described mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

[0446] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may be one or more physical units, located in one place or distributed in different places. Some or all of the units may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.

[0447] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each of which may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0448] When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the integrated unit may be stored in a readable recording medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application essentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions may be implemented in the form of a software product. The software product includes some instructions stored in a storage medium and instructing a device, for example, the device may be a single-chip microcomputer or one chip, or a processor, which performs all or part of the steps of the method of the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes any medium that can store program code, such as, for example, a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0449] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall be within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0450] 1. Access Network Devices 1.1 Cell 1.2 Cells 2. Access Network Devices 2.1 Cells 90 Communication Equipment 100 Communication equipment 110 Terminal 111 Network Devices 400 Communication equipment 401 Processor 402 Communication lines 403 Communication Interface 404 Memory 405 Output Device 406 Input Devices 407 Processor 901 Receiver Unit 902 Processing Unit 903 Transmitter Unit 1001 Receiver Unit 1002 Transmitter unit

Claims

1. 1. A method of accessing a network, the method comprising: receiving, in a first cell, first information from a network device, the first information including one or more of the following information: characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell; and characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell, the characteristic information including values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: number of branches; determining whether to access the first cell based on the first information; Including, how to access.

2. The first information is carried in a system information block (SIB); the first information is carried in a paging message; or The method of claim 1, wherein the first information is carried in downlink control information (DCI), the DCI being used to schedule a SIB.

3. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal; The first information includes a type of terminal authorized to access the first cell; and / or The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first information comprises a type of terminal that is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

4. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal, The first information includes K bits, one of the K bits corresponding to one or more of M types, and when the value of the bit is T1, a terminal permitted to access the first cell has the type corresponding to the bit, or when the value of the bit is T2 or is not T1, a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell has the type corresponding to the bit; and 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, T1 and T2 are integers, and T1 is different from T2.

5. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal, The first information indicates N, and the types of terminals permitted to access the first cell include N out of M types, or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell include N out of M types; and 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein N is an integer of 1 or greater and M is an integer of 1 or greater.

6. The method comprises: receiving, at the first cell, second information from the network device, the second information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the second cell, the second cell being a neighboring cell of the first cell; 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic information further comprises one or more values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, supported power level, processing time, whether a supplemental uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the characteristic information further includes a value of the terminal's duplex capability, the duplex capability being half-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD) capability.

9. 1. A method of accessing a network, the method comprising: transmitting first information to a terminal in a first cell, the first information including one or more of the following information: characteristic information of terminals that are permitted to access the first cell; and characteristic information of terminals that are prohibited from accessing the first cell, the characteristic information including values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: number of branches. Including, how to access.

10. The first information is carried in a system information block (SIB); the first information is carried in a paging message; or 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first information is carried in downlink control information (DCI), the DCI being used to schedule a SIB.

11. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal; The first information includes a type of terminal authorized to access the first cell; and / or The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the first information comprises a type of terminal that is prohibited from accessing the first cell.

12. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal, The first information includes K bits, one of the K bits corresponding to one or more of M types, and when the value of the bit is T1, a terminal permitted to access the first cell has the type corresponding to the bit, or when the value of the bit is T2 or is not T1, a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell has the type corresponding to the bit; and 11. The method of claim 9 or 10, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, T1 and T2 are integers, and T1 is different from T2.

13. The characteristic information corresponds to a type of terminal, The first information indicates N, and the types of terminals permitted to access the first cell include N out of M types, or the types of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell include N out of M types; and 11. The method of claim 9 or 10, wherein N is a positive integer equal to or greater than 1.

14. The method comprises: transmitting second information to the terminal in the first cell, the second information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access the second cell, and the second cell being a neighboring cell of the first cell; 14. The method of any one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising:

15. 15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the characteristic information further comprises one or more values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, supported power level, processing time, whether a supplemental uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

16. A method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the characteristic information further includes a value of the duplex capability of the terminal, the duplex capability being half-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD) capability.

17. 1. A method of accessing a network, the method comprising: Sending third information to a first network device in a first cell, the third information indicating characteristic information of a terminal, the characteristic information including the value of the following parameter of the terminal: number of branches; receiving, at the first cell, a response message from the first network device, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell; Including, how to access.

18. The third information is carried in Msg3, and the response message is carried in Msg4 or in a downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling Msg4, or The method of claim 17, wherein the third information is carried in MsgA, and the response message is carried in MsgB or in a DCI for scheduling MsgB.

19. The method comprises: receiving, at the first cell, second information from the first network device, the second information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access a second cell, the second cell being a neighboring cell of the first cell; 19. The method of claim 17 or 18, further comprising:

20. The method comprises: transmitting an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to a second network device in the second cell; 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

21. The method comprises: receiving, in the first cell, indication information from the first network device; and further comprising:

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of transmitting third information to a first network device in a first cell comprises transmitting the third information to the first network device based on the indication information.

22. 22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the characteristic information further comprises one or more values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, supported power level, processing time, whether a supplemental uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

23. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the characteristic information further includes a value of the duplex capability of the terminal, the duplex capability being half-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD) capability.

24. 1. A method of accessing a network, the method comprising: receiving third information from a terminal in a first cell, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, the characteristic information including a value of a number of branches of the terminal; sending a response message to the terminal in the first cell based on the third information, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell; Including, how to access.

25. the third information is carried in Msg3 and the response message is carried in Msg4 or in a downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling Msg4, or The method of claim 24, wherein the third information is carried in MsgA, and the response message is carried in MsgB or in a DCI for scheduling MsgB.

26. The method comprises: transmitting second information to the terminal in the first cell, the second information indicating characteristic information of a terminal authorized to access a second cell, the second cell being a neighboring cell of the first cell; 26. The method of claim 24 or 25, further comprising:

27. When the response message indicates rejecting the terminal from accessing the first cell, the method further comprises: sending an identifier of the terminal and cell information of the first cell to a second network device; 27. The method of any one of claims 24 to 26, further comprising:

28. Before the step of receiving, in the first cell, the third information from the terminal, the method further comprises: transmitting indication information to the terminal in the first cell, the indication information indicating a type of a parameter to be included in the characteristic information; 28. The method of any one of claims 24 to 27, further comprising:

29. 29. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein the characteristic information further comprises one or more values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: maximum bandwidth, minimum bandwidth, application scenario, peak rate, maximum modulation order, supported power level, processing time, whether a supplemental uplink (SUL) is supported, whether carrier aggregation (CA) is supported, and CA capability.

30. A method according to any one of claims 24 to 29, wherein the characteristic information further includes a value of the duplex capability of the terminal, the duplex capability being half-duplex frequency division duplex (FDD) capability.

31. A communication system, comprising: a network device configured to transmit first information to a terminal in a first cell, the first information comprising one or more of the following information: characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell; and characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell, the characteristic information comprising values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: number of branches; the terminal is configured to receive the first information from the network device in the first cell and determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information; A communication system comprising:

32. A communication system, comprising: A terminal configured to transmit third information to a first network device in a first cell, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, the characteristic information including a value of the following parameter of the terminal: number of branches; a network device configured to receive, in the first cell, the third information from the terminal, and to transmit, in the first cell, a response message to the terminal based on the third information, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell; the terminal is further configured to receive the response message from the first network device in the first cell; A communication system comprising:

33. A communication device configured to implement an access method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

34. A communications device configured to implement an access method according to any one of claims 17 to 23.

35. A communications device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory coupled to the processor, the processor configured to implement the access method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

36. A communications device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory coupled to the processor, the processor configured to implement an access method described in any one of claims 17 to 23.

37. A communication device comprising a processor and a communication interface, The processor receives first information from a network device in a first cell via the communication interface, the first information including one or more of the following information: characteristic information of a terminal permitted to access the first cell; characteristic information of a terminal prohibited from accessing the first cell, the characteristic information including values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: number of branches; and The communications device, wherein the processor is configured to determine whether to access the first cell based on the first information.

38. A communication device comprising a processor and a communication interface, the processor comprising: transmitting third information to a first network device in a first cell, the third information indicating characteristic information of a terminal; and receiving a response message from the first network device in the first cell, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell, the characteristic information including values ​​of the following parameters of the terminal: number of branches. A communication device using the communication interface for:

39. A communication device configured to implement an access method according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

40. A communications device configured to implement an access method according to any one of claims 24 to 30.

41. 17. A communications device comprising: a processor; and a memory, the memory coupled to the processor, the processor configured to implement the access method of any one of claims 9 to 16.

42. A communications device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory coupled to the processor, and the processor configured to implement the access method described in any one of claims 24 to 30.

43. A communications device comprising a processor and a communications interface, wherein the processor transmits first information to a terminal in a first cell via the communications interface, the first information including one or more of the following information: characteristic information of terminals permitted to access the first cell; characteristic information of terminals prohibited from accessing the first cell, the characteristic information including a value of the following parameter of the terminal: number of branches.

44. A communication device comprising a processor and a communication interface, The processor is configured to receive third information from a terminal in a first cell via the communication interface, the third information indicating characteristic information of the terminal, the characteristic information including a value of the following parameter of the terminal, namely, a number of branches; and the processor is further configured to send a response message to the terminal in the first cell via the communication interface based on the third information, the response message indicating whether the terminal is authorized to access the first cell.

45. A computer-readable recording medium having computer instructions stored therein, the computer instructions, when executed on a computer, causing the computer to implement the access method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

46. A computer-readable recording medium, the computer-readable recording medium storing computer instructions, the computer-readable recording medium being capable of implementing an access method according to any one of claims 9 to 16 when the computer instructions are executed on a computer.

47. A computer-readable recording medium, the computer-readable recording medium storing computer instructions, the computer-readable recording medium being capable of implementing an access method according to any one of claims 17 to 23 when the computer instructions are executed on a computer.

48. A computer-readable recording medium, the computer-readable recording medium storing computer instructions, the computer-readable recording medium being capable of implementing the access method of any one of claims 24 to 30 when the computer instructions are executed on a computer.

49. A program comprising computer instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to carry out the access method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

50. A program comprising computer instructions, which when executed on a computer enable the computer to carry out the access method according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

51. A program comprising computer instructions, which when executed on a computer enable the computer to carry out the access method of any one of claims 17 to 23.

52. A program comprising computer instructions which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to carry out the access method of any one of claims 24 to 30.

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