block

Abstract

To provide a block comprising a lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part, in which, after making a pipe penetrate a through hole and disposing the lower part of the block attached to the pipe in a flange shape in a favorable disposing direction, a pipe with a certain range of slope is freely arranged in the disposed lower part.SOLUTION: A lower part constitutes a block, which comprises the lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part, which has a through hole to be penetrated by a pipe having a passage for liquid flow inside and a support plate whose upper face supports the pipe, and in which the pipe and the support plate are made to penetrate the through hole and the block is attached to the pipe and the support plate in a flange shape. The lower part constituting the block includes: a pair of lower part contact faces which face the upper part and which are separated from each other; and a lower part recessed portion recessed so as to go away from the upper part attached to the lower part and constituting at least a part of the through hole between the pair of lower part contact faces when viewed in a penetration direction that is a direction in which the pipe penetrates the through hole.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a block, and more specifically, to a block comprising a lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part, having a through hole through which a tube having an internal flow path through which a fluid flows, the block being attached to the tube in a brim-like manner by inserting the tube into the through hole. [Background technology]

[0002] For some time now, a block has been used (water-stopping block 307 described below) which comprises a lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part, has a through hole through which a pipe having an internal flow path through which a fluid flows, and is attached to the pipe like a brim by inserting the pipe into the through hole. Fig. 1(a) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a levee body 301 in which a bottom culvert 10 is buried in the levee body bottom 301a, and Fig. 1(b) shows an enlarged view of the dotted line R in Fig. 1(a). Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the waterstop block 307 and its surroundings (showing the waterstop block 307, foundation concrete 391, and bottom culvert 10) shown in Figs. 1(a) and (b). A conventional waterstop block 307 will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. In the following, to facilitate explanation and understanding, three mutually orthogonal axes, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis, are used, and their directions are indicated as X, Y, and Z in the drawings. As shown in Fig. 1(a), the embankment 301 is disposed along the outer edge of the reservoir 302, between the external ground surface portion 303 and the reservoir 302. The embankment 301 has a generally trapezoidal cross section. The embankment top 301b of the embankment 301 is higher than the water surface 302a of the reservoir 302, and the ground surface portion 303 is lower than the water surface 302a. The bottom spout pipe 10 is buried in the bottom 301 a of the embankment body 301 so as to penetrate the embankment body 301 , and constitutes a pipeline that conveys water from the reservoir 302 to the outside of the embankment body 301 . 1(a) and (b), the embankment 301, which has a generally trapezoidal cross section, includes an embankment bottom 301a mainly composed of riverbed sediments and an embankment 305 on the upper part of the embankment bottom 301a. A water shielding layer 306 (composed of clayey soil) is provided on the slope of the embankment 301 on the reservoir 302 side to prevent the intrusion of water from the reservoir 302.

[0003] The water stop block 307 is disposed in a brim shape (a flange shape protruding radially from the outer surface of the bottom spout pipe 10) with the bottom spout pipe 10 passing through it. The water stop block 307 is a concrete wall for reducing or preventing the flow of water (water path) along the outer surface of the bottom spout pipe 10 (in the longitudinal direction of the bottom spout pipe 10) and the associated outflow of soil and sand, and the periphery of the water stop block 307 is surrounded by backfill soil 308 used when it was constructed. A bottom spout pipe 10 is provided at the bottom 301a of the embankment 301, crossing the embankment 301. A water intake section 360 is provided at the end of the bottom spout pipe 10 on the reservoir 302 side, and an external waterway 361, which is a water outlet section, is provided at the end of the bottom spout pipe 10 on the ground surface section 303 side, and the bottom spout pipe 10 conducts the water from the reservoir 302 taken in by the water intake section 360 through a conducting space 10c, which is the internal space of the bottom spout pipe 10, to the external waterway 361. The bottom spout 10, which conducts water from the water intake section 360 to the external water channel 361, is supported by a plate-shaped foundation concrete 391 arranged along the bottom spout 10. In detail, the foundation concrete 391 supports the bottom spout 10 by having its upper surface (along a plane) abut against the lower surface of the bottom spout 10 from below.

[0004] As shown particularly in FIG. 2, in detail, the water-stopping block 307 includes a lower portion 311, an upper portion 331, and an additional portion 351, however, the additional portion 351 is not a required element and is added when necessary. The lower portion 311 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape (four sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are substantially parallel to the X-axis). A connecting metal fitting 316 for connecting the lower portion 311 and the upper portion 331 is attached to a first outer surface 315a of the lower portion 311 (a connecting metal fitting 332a described below and the connecting metal fitting 316 are connected with a bolt or the like to connect the lower portion 311 and the upper portion 331), and a connecting metal fitting 316 is also attached to a second outer surface 315b in a similar manner (see FIG. 4 in particular).

[0005] The upper portion 331 is divided into a pair of upper portion first portion 331a and upper portion second portion 331b by a plane perpendicular to the X-axis (the upper portion first portion 331a and the upper portion second portion 331b are connected by connecting a pair of connecting fittings 332c with a connecting bolt (not shown)), and the entire upper portion 331 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape (the four sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are substantially parallel to the X-axis) except for a cutout portion 337 described below. A lower surface 336 of the upper portion 331 faces an upper surface 313 of the lower portion 311. The upper portion 331 has a cutout portion 337 formed by cutting out an inlet-like shape upward from the lower surface 336 (located approximately in the center of the upper portion 331 in the X-axis direction, and formed by the combination of the cutout portion of the upper portion first portion 331a and the cutout portion of the upper portion second portion 331b), and the bottom gutter pipe 10 passes through the cutout portion 337. A connecting metal fitting 332a for connecting the lower part 311 and the upper part 331 is attached to a first outer surface 338a of the upper part 331 (the connecting metal fitting 316 and the connecting metal fitting 332a are connected with a bolt or the like to connect the lower part 311 and the upper part 331), and a connecting metal fitting is also attached to the second outer surface 338b in a similar manner. A connecting metal fitting 332b for connecting the additional part 351 and the upper part 331 is attached to the first outer surface 338a of the upper part 331 (the connecting metal fitting 356 described below and the connecting metal fitting 332b are connected with a bolt or the like to connect the additional part 351 and the upper part 331), and a connecting metal fitting is also attached to the second outer surface 338b in a similar manner.

[0006] Additional part 351 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape (the four sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are substantially parallel to the X-axis), and is attached so that its lower surface 352 faces upper surface 339 of upper part 331. Additional part 351 is not an essential element, and is additionally attached when waterproofing is required also above upper surface 339 of upper part 331. A connecting fitting 356 for connecting the additional part 351 to the upper part 331 is attached to the first outer surface 358a of the additional part 351 (the aforementioned connecting fitting 332b and connecting fitting 356 are connected with a bolt or the like to connect the additional part 351 to the upper part 331), and a connecting fitting is also attached to the second outer surface 358b in a similar manner.

[0007] A plate-shaped foundation concrete 391 is fixed to the water-stopping block 307. The foundation concrete 391 is divided into one foundation concrete 391p1 and the other foundation concrete 391p2 by the water-stopping block 307, as described later. Both the one foundation concrete 391p1 and the other foundation concrete 391p2 are rectangular parallelepipeds with a small height (thickness), and the four sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are approximately parallel to the X-axis. The upper surface of the one foundation concrete 391p1, the upper surface of the other foundation concrete 391p2, and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 belong to the same plane (hereinafter referred to as the "placing plane") so that the bottom surface 10b of the bottom culvert 10, which extends straight, can be placed and the bottom surface 10b can be continuously supported. In this way, the upper surface 391a of the foundation concrete 391 is formed by the upper surface of the one foundation concrete 391p1 and the upper surface of the other foundation concrete 391p2. The placement plane is approximately parallel to the X-axis, but the angle between the placement plane and the Z-axis is not 90 degrees here. The angle is determined in accordance with the penetration direction (dotted line W) in which the bottom culvert 10 penetrates the cutout portion 337 so that the placement plane fits well with the bottom surface 10b of the bottom culvert 10 penetrating the cutout portion 337 (so that the top surface of the one foundation concrete 391p1, the top surface of the other foundation concrete 391p2, and the top surface 313 of the lower part 311 are continuously abutted against the bottom surface 10b). The foundation concrete 391 (one foundation concrete 391p1, the other foundation concrete 391p2) is formed by pouring concrete at the site where the water-stopping block 307 is arranged. The bottom surface 391b of the foundation concrete 391 (one foundation concrete 391p1, the other foundation concrete 391p2) is supported by the surface of the backfilled soil.

[0008] The bottom spout pipe 10 extends straight along a line (hereinafter referred to as the "gradient line") with a predetermined gradient (the right side is lower than the left side in Figures 1(a) and (b)) in the horizontal Y-axis direction, and is placed on the upper surface 391a and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 of the foundation concrete 391 (one side foundation concrete 391p1, the other side foundation concrete 391p2), and penetrates the cutout part 337. The bottom surface 10b of the bottom spout pipe 10 is formed along a single plane, and is placed so as to follow the upper surface 391a of the foundation concrete 391 and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311. The cutout part 337 of the upper part 331 has approximately the same shape as the outer surface of the bottom spout pipe 10 when viewed from a direction parallel to the gradient line, and the bottom spout pipe 10 fits approximately snugly into the cutout part 337.

[0009] Next, a method for installing the water blocking block 307 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, installation surface foundation concrete 182 is poured onto the installation surface 181 (here, the upper surface of the embankment bottom 301a) of the water-stopping block 307, and after hardening, a bed mortar 183 is applied to the upper surface of the installation surface foundation concrete 182 (note that the installation surface foundation concrete 182 and the bed mortar 183 are not shown in FIGS. 1(a) and (b)). Then, the lower part 311 shown in Fig. 4 is prepared, and as shown in Fig. 5, the lower part 311 is installed so that the lower surface 311b of the lower part 311 shown in Fig. 4 faces the upper surface of the bed mortar 183 shown in Fig. 3. Note that Fig. 5(a) shows a view from the same direction as Fig. 3, and Fig. 5(b) shows a view from the direction of arrow C in Fig. 5(a). This installation of the lower part 311 is performed by adjusting the installation direction of the lower part 311 so that the bottom surface 10b of the bottom spout pipe 10, which is aligned with the gradient line, is aligned with the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 (if the gradient line is not horizontal, the lower part 311 is installed in a state tilted from the vertical direction).

[0010] After installing lower portion 311 as shown in Fig. 5, lower portion 311 is backfilled with soil 185 as shown in Fig. 6 (Fig. 6(a) is viewed from the same direction as Fig. 5(a), and Fig. 6(b) is viewed from the same direction as Fig. 5(b). At this time, the height of upper surface 185a of soil 185 is set to be capable of supporting lower surface 391b of foundation concrete 391 to be formed later (upper surface 391a of foundation concrete 391 will be on the same plane as upper surface 313 of lower portion 311, so lower surface 391b will be lower than upper surface 313 by approximately the thickness of foundation concrete 391).

[0011] Then, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, one-side foundation concrete 391p1 is formed from the lower part 311 backfilled with soil 185 as in Fig. 6 toward one direction (here, the first outer surface 315a side). Note that Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the water-stopping block 307 and its periphery (showing the lower part 311 and one-side foundation concrete 391p1. The soil 185 is not shown), as in Fig. 2, and Fig. 8(a) is a K2-K2 cross-sectional view of Fig. 7, and Fig. 8(b) is a K1-K1 cross-sectional view of Fig. 7. Specifically, after pouring concrete to form one-side foundation concrete body, mortar is applied on the upper surface of the one-side foundation concrete body to form one-side foundation concrete 391p1 as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. At this time, as described above, one-side foundation concrete 391p1 is formed so that the upper surface 391p1a of one-side foundation concrete 391p1 and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 belong to the same plane.

[0012] Then, as shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, after the formation of the one-side foundation concrete 391p1 as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the other-side foundation concrete 391p2 is formed from the lower part 311 toward the other direction (here, the second outer surface 315b side). Note that Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the water-stopping block 307 and its periphery (the lower part 311, the one-side foundation concrete 391p1, and the other-side foundation concrete 391p2 are shown, as in Fig. 7), and Fig. 10 is a K1-K1 cross-sectional view of Fig. 9 (the K2-K2 cross-section of Fig. 9 is the same as Fig. 8(a)). Specifically, as in the case of the one-side foundation concrete 391p1, after pouring concrete to form the other-side foundation concrete body, mortar is applied to the upper surface of the other-side foundation concrete body to form the other-side foundation concrete 391p2 as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. At this time, as described above, the other foundation concrete 391p2 is formed so that the upper surface 391p2a of the other foundation concrete 391p2 and the upper surface 313 of the lower portion 311 belong to the same plane. In this manner, the foundation concrete 391 is formed, which is composed of the one foundation concrete 391p1 and the other foundation concrete 391p2. The upper surface 391p1a of the one foundation concrete 391p1, the upper surface 391p2a of the other foundation concrete 391p2, and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 belong to the same plane, and the lower surface 391p1b of the one foundation concrete 391p1 and the lower surface 391p2b of the other foundation concrete 391p2 are supported by the upper surface 185a of the soil 185.

[0013] After forming foundation concrete 391 (consisting of one foundation concrete 391p1 and the other foundation concrete 391p2) as shown in Figures 9 and 10, a bottom culvert pipe 10 is installed on the upper surface 391a of the foundation concrete 391 and the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311 as shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13. Note that, like Figure 9, Figure 11 is an oblique view showing the periphery of water-stopping block 307 (showing the lower part 311, foundation concrete 391 and bottom culvert pipe 10. Soil 185 is not shown), Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K2-K2 in Figure 11, and Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K3-K3 in Figure 12. In addition, the bottom culvert 10 is often installed continuously, and the foundation concrete 391 for supporting the bottom culvert 10 is also appropriately formed continuously along a gradient line.

[0014] After installing the bottom gutter pipe 10 as shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13, the upper part 331 (upper part first part 331a and upper part second part 331b) is placed on the lower part 311. Thereafter, the connecting fitting 332a is connected to the connecting fitting 316 with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect the lower part 311 and the upper part 331 (the upper part first part 331a and the upper part second part 331b are also connected by connecting a pair of connecting fittings 332c with a connecting bolt (not shown)). Further, additional part 351 is disposed on upper part 331. Connecting fitting 356 and connecting fitting 332b are connected with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect additional part 351 and upper part 331, thereby completing waterstop block 307 as shown in FIG.

[0015] 1(a) and (b), the water stop block 307 and the bottom spout pipe 10 are completely backfilled with soil 185 (backfill soil 308 in FIG. 1). In this manner, a structure is completed in which the bottom spout pipe 10 penetrates the water stop block 307. As mentioned above, the additional part 351 is not essential, and if the height of the water stop block is sufficient even without the additional part 351, it is also possible to backfill without it. Such a water-stopping block 307 comprises a lower part 311 and an upper part 331 attached to the lower part 311, and has a through hole (here, cutout portion 337) through which a pipe (here, bottom spout pipe 10) having a flow path (here, conductive space 10c) therein through which a fluid (here, water) flows, and is a block that is attached to the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) in a brim-like manner by inserting the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) into the through hole (cutout portion 337).

[0016] The applicant has previously filed a patent application for a structure in which this bottom gutter pipe penetrates a water-stopping block (see Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 "relates to a pipeline structure such as a bottom culvert that is buried in the bottom of a levee body and crosses the levee body" (paragraph number 0001 in the "Detailed Description of the Invention" of Patent Document 1), and specifically states that "the bottom culvert 10 is a pipeline structure for conveying water that is buried in the levee body bottom 1a of the levee body 1 and crosses the levee body 1. More specifically, the bottom culvert 10 is a pipeline structure for conveying water from the reservoir 2 to the outside of the levee body 1. Before explaining the bottom culvert 10, the levee body 1 will be explained. The levee body 1 is disposed along the outside of the reservoir 2, between the external ground surface portion 3 and the reservoir 2, and is configured with a substantially trapezoidal cross section. The levee body top 1b of the levee body 1 is higher than the water surface 2a of the reservoir 2, and the ground surface portion 3 is lower than the water surface 2a. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the embankment 1, which has a cross section of a substantially trapezoidal shape, is composed of an embankment bottom 1a composed of riverbed sediments 4 and an embankment 5 on the upper part of the embankment bottom 1a. A water shielding layer 6 composed of clay soil is provided on the slope of the embankment 1 on the side of the reservoir 2 to prevent the intrusion of water from the reservoir 2. A water shielding wall 7 is provided below the embankment 5. The water shielding wall 7 is a concrete wall through which a bottom culvert 10, which will be described later, penetrates and which prevents the outflow and leakage of soil and sand in the event that a water path is formed along the bottom culvert 10. The water shielding wall 7 is surrounded by backfill soil 8 used when the water shielding wall 7 is constructed. (Patent Document 1, paragraphs 0032 to 0035 in the "Detailed Description of the Invention") [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0017] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-180677 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0018] When using the water stop block 307 described with reference to Figures 1 to 13 above, it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the lower part 311 in accordance with the arrangement direction (tilt) of the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) so that the lower surface (bottom surface 10b) of the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) abuts against and is supported by the upper surface 313 of the lower part 311, and this work of adjusting the orientation of the lower part 311 is troublesome. In particular, when the gradient line is not horizontal, it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the lower part 311 in a state where it is tilted from the vertical, and the work of adjusting the orientation is difficult. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a block which allows the lower portion to be arranged in a preferred orientation and then allows pipes to be freely arranged at any inclination within a certain range in the arranged lower portion. [Means for solving the problem]

[0019] The inventors discovered that, in order to be able to arrange pipes of a certain range of inclination in an already installed lower portion, the surface supporting the underside of the pipe is not made to be a pre-formed upper surface of the lower portion (if the underside of the pipe is supported by a pre-formed upper surface of the lower portion, it is necessary to match the pre-formed upper surface to the inclination of the pipe (i.e., it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the lower portion)), but rather a support surface that runs along the underside of the pipe and supports the underside to match the inclination of the pipe. In the conventional lower portion 311, if a support surface is to be formed above the upper surface 313, the lower surface of the support plate having the support surface as its upper surface will be positioned higher, and the height of the upper surface of the backfill soil (soil that backfills the lower portion) that supports the lower surface must also be raised. It has become clear that when backfilling the lower portion with soil, if the height of the upper surface of the backfill soil approaches the height of the upper surface of the lower portion, the backfill soil will tend to rest on the upper surface of the lower portion, which will then significantly reduce the ease of operation when placing the upper portion on the lower portion (for example, it will be necessary to remove the soil from the upper surface of the lower portion before placing the upper portion). For this reason, we conducted research into whether it was possible to form a support surface that conforms to the underside of the pipe while keeping the height of the top surface of the soil used to backfill the lower portion lower than the height of the top surface of the lower portion.We discovered that a recess for accommodating a support plate having a support surface could be formed in the top surface of the lower portion of the lower portion, which led to the completion of this invention.

[0020] In other words, the lower part constituting the block of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "this lower part") comprises a lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part, and has a through hole through which a tube having a flow path therein through which a fluid flows and a support plate whose upper surface supports the tube, and the lower part constituting a block which penetrates the tube and the support plate into the through hole and is attached to the tube and the support plate in a brim-like shape, and has a pair of lower part abutment surfaces separated from each other facing the upper part, and a lower part recess which constitutes at least a part of the through hole, recessed away from the upper part attached to the lower part, between the pair of lower part abutment surfaces when viewed from the penetration direction, which is the direction in which the tube penetrates the through hole. This lower part is the lower part constituting a block having a lower part and an upper part attached to the lower part. The block has a through hole, and the tube and the support plate pass through the through hole. The tube has an internal flow path through which a fluid (liquid, gas, gas-liquid mixture, solid-liquid mixture, solid-gas mixture, etc.) flows. The support plate has an upper surface, and the lower surface of the tube abuts against the upper surface to support the tube. In this way, the tube and the support plate whose upper surface supports it are inserted into the through hole, and the block is attached to the tube and the support plate in a brim-like shape. The lower part has a pair of lower part abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing the upper part, and has a lower part recess between the pair of lower part abutment surfaces when viewed from the through-hole direction. The through-hole direction refers to the direction in which the pipe passes through the through-hole, which is usually the longitudinal direction of the pipe. The lower part recess constitutes at least a part (partial or all) of the through-hole, and is a portion recessed (usually downward) away from the upper part attached to the lower part. In this way, with a block comprising this lower portion and an upper portion attached thereto, a support surface that supports the pipe along the underside of the pipe passing through the through hole can be formed by the upper surface of the support plate, at least the lower surface of which is accommodated in the lower portion recess that constitutes at least a portion (partial or all) of the through hole. Since the upper surface of the soil that backfills the lower portion is made to be at approximately the same height as the lower surface of the support plate, the height of the upper surface of the soil that backfills the lower portion can be made lower than the height of the lower portion upper surfaces (the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces).

[0021] In the lower portion, the lower portion recess may be formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the penetrating direction. The lower partial recess accommodates at least the lower surface of a support plate, which is often formed approximately rectangular when viewed from the penetration direction, so if the lower partial recess is also formed approximately rectangular when viewed from the penetration direction, it can accommodate such a support plate well.

[0022] The present invention also provides a block including the lower portion (hereinafter referred to as "the block"). That is, the block is a block comprising a lower portion and an upper portion having upper portion abutment surfaces that abut against a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces. As described in the lower part of this block, the lower part and the upper part are attached so that a pair of lower part abutment surfaces and upper part abutment surfaces, and the upper surface of a support plate, at least its lower surface being accommodated in a lower part recess constituting at least a portion (partial or all) of the through hole, forms a support surface that supports the pipe along the underside of the pipe, and the upper surface of the soil backfilling the lower part is made approximately the same height as the underside of the support plate, so that the height of the upper surface of the soil backfilling the lower part can be lower than the height of the pair of lower part abutment surfaces.

[0023] In this block, the upper portion abutment surface may include two separate portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces, and the upper portion may have an upper portion recess between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction, which recesses away from the lower portion attached to the upper portion and constitutes at least a part of the through hole (hereinafter referred to as the ``upper portion recessed block''). In this way, one of the two parts included in the upper part abutment surface abuts against one of the pair of lower part abutment surfaces, and the other of the two parts included in the upper part abuts against the other of the pair of lower part abutment surfaces. The upper part recess of the upper part is recessed (usually recessed upward) between the two parts as viewed from the penetration direction, away from the lower part attached to the upper part, and constitutes at least a part of the through hole. In this way, the upper part recess and the lower part recess form a through hole, and the upper part abutment surface and the lower part abutment surface abut on both sides of the through hole to form a closed through hole, so that the tube and the support plate can be reliably maintained in a state of being inserted into the through hole.

[0024] In the present block having an upper portion recess, the upper portion may have a protruding surface that protrudes toward the center of the lower portion recess from an end of the lower portion recess in the vicinity of the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces. Since the upper portion abutment surface and the lower portion abutment surface abut on both sides of the through hole formed by the upper portion recess and the lower portion recess, and at least the lower surface of the support plate is accommodated in the lower portion recess, if the upper portion has a protruding surface that protrudes from the end of the lower portion recess near the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess, the portion of the support plate that passes through the through hole can be made to abut or be close to the protruding surface. This makes it possible to regulate the relative position of the support plate with respect to the through hole, which helps to maintain the state in which the support plate passes through the through hole.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention provides a block mounting structure (hereinafter referred to as "the structure") including the block. That is, this structure is a block mounting structure that includes the block, the support plate whose lower surface is at least accommodated in the lower portion recess and which passes through the through hole, and the tube supported on the upper surface of the support plate and which passes through the through hole. According to this structure, the upper surface of the support plate, at least the lower surface of which is accommodated in the lower recess that constitutes at least a portion (partial or all) of the through hole, forms a support surface that supports the pipe along the underside of the pipe, and the upper surface of the soil that backfills the lower portion is made to be approximately the same height as the lower surface of the support plate.Since the height of the upper surface of the soil that backfills the lower portion can be made lower than the height of the pair of lower abutment surfaces, a structure can be constructed in which the pipe and the support plate that supports it pass through the through hole of the block.

[0026] In this structure, the upper portion abutment surface includes two separate portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces, and the upper portion has an upper portion recess between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction, which constitutes at least a part of the through hole that is recessed away from the lower portion attached to the upper portion, and the tube may be at least partially accommodated in the upper portion recess (hereinafter referred to as the ``upper portion recess present structure''). In this way, one of the two parts included in the upper part abutment surface abuts against one of the pair of lower part abutment surfaces, and the other of the two parts included in the upper part abuts against the other of the pair of lower part abutment surfaces. The upper part recess of the upper part is recessed (usually recessed upward) between the two parts as viewed from the penetration direction, away from the lower part attached to the upper part, and constitutes at least a part of the through hole. In this way, the upper part recess and the lower part recess form a through hole, and at least a part of the tube is accommodated in the upper part recess. In this way, the upper part abutment surface and the lower part abutment surface abut on both sides of the through hole, forming a closed through hole, so that the tube and the support plate can be reliably maintained in a state of being inserted into the through hole.

[0027] In the upper portion recessed structure, the entire portion of the support plate that passes through the through hole may be accommodated in the lower portion recessed (hereinafter referred to as "support plate fully accommodated structure"). In this way, the entire portion of the support plate that passes through the through hole is accommodated in the lower portion recess formed between a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing the upper portion, so that the support plate passes through the through hole at a height equal to or lower than the height of the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces. This allows the height of the top surface of the soil that backfills the lower portion to be sufficiently lower than the height of the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces.

[0028] In this structure which fully accommodates the support plate, the upper portion may have a protruding surface which protrudes from the end of the lower portion recess near a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess, and the portion of the support plate which passes through the through hole may abut or be close to the protruding surface. The upper portion abutment surface and the lower portion abutment surface abut on both sides of the through hole formed by the upper portion recess and the lower portion recess, and the portion of the support plate penetrating the through hole is accommodated in the lower portion recess, so that the upper portion has a protruding surface protruding from the end of the lower portion recess near the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess, and the portion of the support plate penetrating the through hole can abut or be close to the protruding surface. This can regulate the relative position of the support plate with respect to the through hole, which can contribute to maintaining the state in which the support plate penetrates the through hole. The distance between the portion of the support plate penetrating the through hole and the protruding surface is minimum 0 when the portion of the support plate penetrating the through hole abuts the protruding surface, and if it is too large, the effect of regulating the relative position of the support plate with respect to the through hole is reduced, so it is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 14 mm or less, and most preferably 7 mm or less.

[0029] In this structure, the support plate may be attached to the block so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis intersecting a vertical plane parallel to the penetration direction (hereinafter referred to as a "support plate pivoting structure"). In this way, the support plate is attached to the block so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis that intersects with a vertical plane parallel to the direction in which the tube passes through the through hole, and the inclination of the upper surface of the support plate can be adjusted so as to support the tube along the lower surface of the tube, whose gradient (the orientation of the longitudinal direction of the tube in the projected image when the image of the tube is vertically projected onto a vertical plane parallel to the direction in which the tube passes through the through hole) changes when the support plate rotates about the rotation axis. The angle (90 degrees or less) at which the rotation axis intersects with the vertical plane is preferably 80 degrees or more, more preferably 85 degrees or more, and most preferably 90 degrees.

[0030] The support plate pivoting structure may have a pivot prohibiting means for prohibiting the pivoting at a predetermined pivot position (hereinafter referred to as a "pivot prohibiting structure"). In this way, the inclination of the support plate is adjusted (rotational position adjustment) so as to support the tube along the underside of the tube in accordance with the gradient of the tube, and then the rotation is prohibited at that inclination (predetermined rotation position) by the rotation prohibiting means, so that the rotation position of the support plate can be maintained at an appropriate position for the inclination of the tube.

[0031] In this rotation-prohibiting structure, the rotation-prohibiting means may be one that prohibits further rotation in one direction by causing a contact portion attached to the support plate that approaches the lower portion due to rotation in one direction to contact the lower portion (hereinafter referred to as the "contact rotation-prohibiting structure"). In this way, the rotation prohibiting means can reliably prohibit the rotation at a predetermined rotation position by a simple configuration of providing an abutment portion. The abutment portion approaches the lower portion as the support plate rotates in one direction relative to the block around the rotation axis, and is attached to the support plate. When the abutment portion approaches the lower portion as the block rotates in the one direction and abuts against the lower portion, further rotation in the one direction is prohibited.

[0032] In this structure which prohibits rotation by abutment, the rotation prohibiting means may have an abutment portion which approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in one direction, and an abutment portion which approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in the other direction, and both abutment portions may abut against the lower portion to prohibit the rotation (hereinafter referred to as the "structure which prohibits rotation by both directions"). By doing this, the abutment portion that approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in one direction and the abutment portion that approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in the other direction abut the lower portion, and thus the rotation in either one direction or the other direction is prohibited.Therefore, after adjusting the inclination of the support plate according to the inclination of the tube, the rotation prohibiting means prohibits rotation in either direction at that inclination, and the rotation position of the support plate appropriate for the inclination of the tube can be more reliably maintained.

[0033] In the present structure in which both rotations are prohibited, the rotation may be prohibited by the abutment portions coming into contact with a bottom surface of the lower portion recess. The rotation is prohibited by the abutment portion that approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in one direction and the abutment portion that approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in the other direction abutting against the bottom surface of the lower portion recess. Therefore, in both the rotation of the support plate in one direction and the other direction, the abutment portion attached to the support plate abuts against the bottom surface of the lower portion recess which is likely to abut.

[0034] In the present abutment-rotation-prohibiting structure, the abutment portion may be a tip end of a member disposed so as to be movable forward and backward relative to the support plate. In this way, by moving the member forward and backward relative to the support plate, the rotational position at which the tip of the member constituting the abutting portion abuts against the lower portion can be easily adjusted.

[0035] In this support plate pivoting structure, the support plate may have an injection port formed therein for injecting an adhesive that connects both main surfaces of the support plate and bonds the lower portion recess and the support plate. In this way, the inclination of the support plate can be adjusted so that it supports the tube along its underside in accordance with the inclination of the tube, and then adhesive can be injected from an injection port formed to connect both main surfaces of the support plate, bonding the lower recess and the support plate together, thereby allowing the rotated position of the support plate to be maintained effectively.

[0036] In addition, the present invention provides a method for forming the support plate pivoting main structure (hereinafter referred to as the "main forming method"). That is, this forming method is a forming method of a support plate pivoting structure, and includes a pivot position adjusting step of adjusting the pivot position of the support plate attached to the lower portion. The forming method includes mounting a support plate on the lower portion and adjusting the pivot position of the support plate mounted on the lower portion by a pivot position adjustment step, whereby the pivot position of the support plate about the pivot axis is reliably adjusted according to the gradient of the pipe.

[0037] The present forming method may further include, after the rotation position adjusting step, a rotation fixing step of fixing the rotation at a predetermined rotation position (hereinafter referred to as a "rotation fixed book forming method"). In this manner, the rotational position of the support plate attached to the lower portion is adjusted by the rotational position adjustment step, and then the rotation is fixed at the adjusted rotational position (predetermined rotational position) by the rotation fixing step, so that the rotational position of the support plate can be maintained at an appropriate position for the inclination of the tube.

[0038] In the pivotally fixed book forming method, the pivotally fixed step may include abutting an abutting portion of the support plate against the lower portion. In this way, the abutment portion of the support plate abuts against the lower portion, so that the rotation can be reliably prohibited at a predetermined rotation position in the rotation fixing step. The abutment portion approaches the lower portion as the support plate rotates in one direction relative to the block around the rotation axis. The abutment portion approaches the lower portion as the support plate rotates in the one direction and abuts against the lower portion, thereby prohibiting further rotation in the one direction.

[0039] In the method for forming a pivotally fixed book, the pivotally fixing step may include bonding the lower portion recess and the support plate. By bonding the lower recess and the support plate in this manner, the rotation can be reliably prevented at a predetermined rotation position by the rotation fixing step. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0040] [Figure 1] FIG. 1(a) shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional embankment with a bottom culvert buried in the bottom of the embankment, and FIG. 1(b) shows an enlarged view of the dotted line R part in FIG. 1(a). [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the water stop block and its surroundings (water stop block, foundation concrete, and bottom gutter pipe) shown in FIGS. [Diagram 3] This shows the installation surface foundation concrete poured onto the installation surface of the water-stopping block and hardened, after which mortar is applied to the top of the installation surface foundation concrete. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a conventional lower portion. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state where the lower part is placed on the upper surface of the bed mortar shown in FIG. [Figure 6] This is a diagram showing the lower part being backfilled with soil after installation. [Figure 7] This is a perspective view showing the formation of one-side foundation concrete in one direction from the lower part backfilled with soil. [Figure 8] This shows the formation of one-sided foundation concrete in one direction from the lower part backfilled with soil. [Figure 9] 11 is a perspective view showing the other foundation concrete being formed in the other direction from the lower portion backfilled with soil. FIG. [Figure 10] 13 is a diagram showing the other foundation concrete being formed in the other direction from the lower portion backfilled with soil. FIG. [Figure 11] This is an oblique view showing the installation of a bottom culvert on the top surface of the foundation concrete and the top surface of the lower part. [Figure 12] This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K2-K2 in FIG. [Figure 13] 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K3-K3 in FIG. 12. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main structure (first structure) according to a first embodiment formed by attaching a water-stopping block (main block) according to one embodiment of the present invention to a bottom gutter pipe. [Figure 15] 15 is a perspective view showing the state in which the bottom spout pipe has been removed from the state shown in FIG. 14. [Figure 16] 15 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 14 . [Figure 17] FIG. 16 is a DD end view of FIG. [Figure 18] 16 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 15 taken along line E-E. [Figure 19] This figure shows the installation surface foundation concrete poured onto the installation surface of this block, hardening, and then mortar laid on top of the installation surface foundation concrete. [Figure 20] FIG. [Figure 21] This is a diagram showing the lower part installed on the top surface of the bed mortar. [Figure 22] This is a diagram showing the lower part being backfilled with soil. [Diagram 23] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the state in which foundation concrete has been formed. [Figure 24] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the state where foundation concrete has been formed. [Diagram 25] This is a diagram showing the installation of a bottom culvert on the top surface of the foundation concrete. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 27] This is an oblique view showing the installation of a bottom culvert on the top surface of the foundation concrete. [Figure 28] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the upper portion disposed. [Figure 29] 29 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 28 taken along line K--K. [Diagram 30] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the upper portion disposed. [Diagram 31]FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an additional portion provided; [Diagram 32] 32 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 31 taken along the line K--K. [Diagram 33] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an additional portion provided. [Diagram 34] This shows the block and bottom gutter pipe completely backfilled with soil. [Diagram 35] 35 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 34 in K-K format. [Diagram 36] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a main structure (second structure) according to a second embodiment formed by attaching a water-stopping block (main block) according to one embodiment of the present invention to a bottom gutter pipe. [Figure 37] This is an oblique view showing the state in which the bottom gutter pipe has been removed from the state shown in Figure 36. [Figure 38] This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line J1-J1 in FIG. 36. [Figure 39] FIG. 38 is an end view of J2-J2 in FIG. 37. [Diagram 40] 38 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line J3-J3 in FIG. 37. [Diagram 41] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a base plate included in the second structure. [Diagram 42] FIG. 42(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line N1-N1 of FIG. 41(a), and FIG. 42(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line N2-N2 of FIG. 41(a). [Diagram 43] 43(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line N3-N3 in FIG. 41(b), and FIG. 43(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line N4-N4 in FIG. 41(b). [Diagram 44] FIG. [Diagram 45] This is an oblique view showing the foundation plate attached to the lower part backfilled with soil. [Figure 46] This is a diagram showing how to adjust and fix the angle (slope) of the top surface of the base plate body. [Figure 47] This is a diagram showing the process of bonding the lower part (recess) and the base plate body with mortar. [Figure 48] This is an oblique view showing the bottom gutter pipe being installed on the upper surface of the foundation plate body and then a water-stopping material being attached to the outer surface of the bottom gutter pipe. [Figure 49] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the upper portion disposed. [Figure 50] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an additional portion provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these.

[0042] (First embodiment) Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing a water stop structure (hereinafter referred to as "first structure") 101 according to the first embodiment formed by attaching a water stop block (this block) 110 according to one embodiment of the present invention to a bottom gutter pipe 10, Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing a state in which the bottom gutter pipe 10 has been removed from the state shown in Fig. 14, Fig. 16 is an FF cross-sectional view of Fig. 14, Fig. 17 is a DD end view of Fig. 15, and Fig. 18 is an EE cross-sectional view of Fig. 15. The first structure 101 will be described with reference to Figs. 14 to 18. Hereinafter, to facilitate explanation and understanding, three mutually orthogonal axes, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis, are used, and their directions are indicated as X, Y, and Z in the drawings.

[0043] This block 110 includes a lower portion 111, an upper portion 131, and an additional portion 151, but the additional portion 151 is not an essential element and is added when necessary. The lower portion 111 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with three sides each approximately parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, and a recess 113c is formed on its upper surface 113 (approximately belonging to a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis) so as to connect the first outer surface 115a and the second outer surface 115b (see FIG. 20 described later). The recess 113c is formed so as to be recessed downward from the upper surface 113 perpendicular to the Z-axis, and the recess 113c has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with three sides each approximately parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. A connecting fitting 116 for connecting the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 is attached to the first outer surface 115a of the lower part 111 (the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 are connected to each other by a bolt or the like to connecting fitting 132a described below), and similarly, a connecting fitting 116 (see Figure 20) is also attached to the second outer surface 115b.

[0044] Upper portion 131 has the same cross-sectional shape in any cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis, except for cutout portion 137 described below. Upper portion 131 integrally includes a first portion 133 whose bottom surface 136 faces top surface 113 of lower portion 111 and whose width (dimension parallel to the Y-axis) is constant above and below (its cross-sectional shape taken along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis is a rectangle, and its bottom surface constitutes bottom surface 136), a second portion 134 located above first portion 133 and whose width decreases upward (its cross-sectional shape taken along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis is an isosceles trapezoid), and a third portion 135 located above second portion 134 and whose width is constant (its cross-sectional shape taken along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis is a rectangle). The upper portion 131 has a cutout portion 137 (located approximately in the center of the upper portion 131 in the X-axis direction) formed by cutting out an inlet-like portion upward from the lower surface 136, and the bottom gutter pipe 10 passes through the cutout portion 137. A connecting fitting 132a for connecting the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 is attached to a first outer surface 138a of the upper part 131 (the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 are connected to the aforementioned connecting fitting 116 with a bolt or the like to connect the lower part 111 and the upper part 131), and a connecting fitting (not shown in Figures 14 to 18) is similarly attached to the second outer surface 138b. In addition, a connecting fitting 132b for connecting the additional part 151 to the upper part 131 is attached to the first outer surface 138a of the upper part 131 (the additional part 151 is connected to the connecting fitting 156 described below with a bolt or the like to connect the additional part 151 to the upper part 131), and similarly, a connecting fitting (not shown in Figures 14 to 18) is also attached to the second outer surface 138b.

[0045] Additional part 151 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with three sides generally parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, respectively, and is attached so that its lower surface 152 faces upper surface 139 of upper part 131. Additional part 151 is not an essential element, and is additionally attached when waterproofing is required also above upper surface 139 of upper part 131. A connecting fitting 156 for connecting the additional part 151 to the upper part 131 is attached to the first outer surface 158a of the additional part 151 (the additional part 151 is connected to the aforementioned connecting fitting 132b with a bolt or the like to connect the additional part 151 to the upper part 131), and a connecting fitting (not shown in Figures 14 to 18) is similarly attached to the second outer surface 158b.

[0046] A plate-shaped foundation concrete 171 is fixed to this block 110. The foundation concrete 171 here has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a small height, and four of the twelve sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are approximately parallel to the X-axis, and the top surface 171a of the foundation concrete 171 is approximately parallel to the X-axis, but the angle that the top surface 171a makes with the Z-axis (vertical) is not 90 degrees here. This angle is determined in accordance with the penetration direction (indicated by dotted line W in the figure), which is the direction in which the bottom spout pipe 10 penetrates the cutout portion 137, so that the bottom surface 10b and the top surface 171a of the bottom spout pipe 10 penetrating the cutout portion 137 come into good contact with each other. The foundation concrete 171 is formed by pouring concrete at the site where the block 110 is to be installed, as described later. The thickness (distance between the upper surface 171a and the lower surface 171b) of the foundation concrete 171 is slightly smaller than the depth (dimension in the Z-axis direction) of the recess 113c of the lower part 111, and the width (dimension in the X-axis direction) is approximately the same as the width (dimension in the X-axis direction) of the recess 113c of the lower part 111, so that the foundation concrete 171 fits snugly into the recess 113c in the X-axis direction when viewed from a direction parallel to the Y-axis. The lower surface 171b of the foundation concrete 171 almost faces the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c, and a part of the upper surface 171a faces the lower surface 136 of the upper part 131.

[0047] Furthermore, the bottom spout pipe 10, which extends straight here (the "penetration direction in which the bottom spout pipe 10 penetrates the cutout portion 137", which coincides with the longitudinal direction of the bottom spout pipe 10, is parallel to a plane perpendicular to the X-axis but not parallel to the Y-axis), has the same cross-sectional shape in any direction perpendicular to its longitudinal direction, and is placed on the upper surface 171a of the foundation concrete 171 and penetrates the cutout portion 137. The bottom surface 10b of the bottom spout pipe 10 is formed along a plane parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bottom spout pipe 10, so that it abuts against the upper surface 171a of the foundation concrete 171. The cutout portion 137 of the upper part 131 has approximately the same shape as the outer surface of the bottom spout pipe 10 when viewed from a direction parallel to the Y-axis, and the bottom spout pipe 10 fits almost snugly into the cutout portion 137. As described above, the angle (tilt) made by the longitudinal direction of the bottom gutter pipe 10 with respect to the Y axis (wherein the Y axis is horizontal and the Z axis is vertical) is adjusted so that the bottom surface 10b and upper surface 171a of the bottom gutter pipe 10 penetrating the cutout portion 137 abut properly against each other.

[0048] A method for forming the first structure 101 including the main block 110, the foundation concrete 171, and the bottom culvert pipe 10 shown in Figs. 14 to 18 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 19, installation surface foundation concrete 182 is poured onto installation surface 181 of the block 110 and after hardening, a mortar layer 183 is applied onto the upper surface of installation surface foundation concrete 182. Then, the lower part 111 shown in Fig. 20 is prepared, and as shown in Fig. 21, the lower part 111 is placed so that the lower surface 111b of the lower part 111 shown in Fig. 20 faces the upper surface of the bed mortar 183 shown in Fig. 19. Note that Fig. 21(a) shows a view from the same direction as Fig. 19, and Fig. 21(b) shows a view from the direction of arrow C in Fig. 21(a).

[0049] After the lower portion 111 is installed as shown in FIG. 21, the lower portion 111 is backfilled with soil 185 as shown in FIG. 22 (FIG. 22(a) is viewed from the same direction as FIG. 21(a), and FIG. 22(b) is viewed from the same direction as FIG. 21(b). At this time, the upper surface 185a of the soil 185 is set to the same height as the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c. In this way, the height of the upper surface 185a of the soil 185 can be made sufficiently lower than the upper surfaces 113a and 113b (note that in this case, the upper surfaces 113a and 113b are at the same height (the upper surfaces 113a and 113b belong to a plane perpendicular to the Z axis), but if the heights of the upper surfaces 113a and 113b are different, the upper surface 185a is made lower than the lower one). Then, as shown in Figure 23 (Figure 23(a) is from the same direction as Figure 22(a), and Figure 23(b) is a KK cross-sectional view of Figure 23(a)), a concrete foundation 171 is formed. Specifically, concrete is poured to form a concrete foundation body 171c, and then mortar 171d is applied to the upper surface of the concrete foundation body 171c, forming the concrete foundation 171 as shown in Figure 24 (only the lower part 111 and concrete foundation 171 are shown for ease of understanding). When forming this concrete foundation 171, the inclination of concrete foundation 171 is adjusted in accordance with the inclination of bottom spout 10 so that the bottom surface 10b and upper surface 171a of bottom spout 10 come into good contact with each other.

[0050] After forming the foundation concrete 171 as shown in Figures 23 and 24, the bottom culvert 10 is installed on the upper surface 171a of the foundation concrete 171 as shown in Figures 25, 26, and 27. Note that Figure 25 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 23(a), Figure 26 is a KK cross-sectional view of Figure 25, and Figure 27 shows only the lower part 111, the foundation concrete 171, the bottom culvert 10, and the water-stopping material 19 for ease of understanding. After installing the bottom culvert 10 on the upper surface 171a of the foundation concrete 171, the water-stopping material 19 (specifically, for example, a non-sag type polybutadiene-based elastic sealing material (one example is the product name "Blat Seal" (no model number)) manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the bottom culvert 10 (attached along the intersection line between the plane perpendicular to the Y axis and the outer circumferential surface). This water-stopping material 19 is interposed between the inner surface of the cutout portion 137 of the upper part 131 and the outer peripheral surface of the bottom gutter pipe 10, thereby preventing or reducing the movement of water through the gap between these two surfaces. In addition, the bottom culvert 10 is often arranged continuously in the Y-axis direction or with a predetermined gradient relative to the Y-axis, and the foundation concrete for supporting the bottom culvert 10 is similarly formed continuously as appropriate.

[0051] As shown in Figures 25, 26 and 27, the bottom spout pipe 10 is installed and the water-stopping material 19 is attached, and then the upper part 131 is disposed as shown in Figures 28, 29 and 30. Note that Figure 28 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 25, Figure 29 is a KK cross-sectional view of Figure 28, and Figure 30 shows only the lower part 111, foundation concrete 171, bottom spout pipe 10 (water-stopping material 19 is not visible), and upper part 131 for ease of understanding. Thereafter, the connecting fitting 132a and the connecting fitting 116 are connected with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect the lower part 111 and the upper part 131. Further, as shown in Figures 31, 32, and 33, additional portion 151 is disposed. Note that Figure 31 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 28, Figure 32 is a KK cross-sectional view of Figure 31, and Figure 33 shows only lower portion 111, foundation concrete 171, bottom spout pipe 10 (water-stopping material 19 is not visible), upper portion 131, and additional portion 151 for ease of understanding. Thereafter, connecting fitting 156 and connecting fitting 132b are connected with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect additional portion 151 and upper portion 131.

[0052] Thereafter, as shown in Figures 34 and 35, the main block 110 and the bottom culvert 10 are completely backfilled with soil 185. Note that Figure 34 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 31, and Figure 35 is a KK cross-sectional view of Figure 34. In this manner, the first structure 101 is completed in which the bottom culvert 10 penetrates the main block 110. Note that, as mentioned above, the additional portion 151 is not essential, and if the height of the water-stopping block is sufficient even without the additional portion 151, the structure shown in Figures 28, 29 and 30 may be completely backfilled with soil 185.

[0053] As explained above, the lower part 111 in the first embodiment comprises the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 attached to the lower part 111, and has a through hole (here formed by the cutout portion 137 and the recess 113c) through which a pipe (here the bottom spout pipe 10) having a flow path (here the conductive space 10c) through which a fluid (here water) flows and a support plate (here the foundation concrete 171) whose upper surface (here the upper surface 171a) supports the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) penetrates, and the lower part constitutes a block (here the main block 110) that is attached in a brim-like shape to the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) and the support plate (foundation concrete 171) by inserting the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) and the support plate (foundation concrete 171) into the through hole (cutout portion 137 and the recess 113c). This lower part constitutes a block and is composed of part 111, which has a pair of lower part abutment surfaces (here, upper surface 113 separated by recess 113c; in Figure 20, upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b are the pair of lower part abutment surfaces) spaced apart from each other and facing upper part 131, and a lower part recess (recess 113c) between the pair of lower part abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b separated by recess 113c) when viewed from the penetration direction (here, the longitudinal direction of bottom spout pipe 10) in which the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) penetrates the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c), which is recessed (here, recessed downward) away from upper part 131 attached to lower part 111. The pipe (bottom gutter pipe 10) penetrating the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) penetrates the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) so that the longitudinal direction of the pipe (bottom gutter pipe 10) belongs to a plane perpendicular to the X-axis. In the lower portion 111, a lower portion recess (recess 113c) is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the penetrating direction.

[0054] This block 110 is a block comprising a lower portion 111 and an upper portion 131 having an upper portion abutment surface (here, lower surface 136 separated by cutout portion 137) that abuts against a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b). In this block 110, the upper portion abutment surface (lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137) includes two separate portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) (one of the two portions of lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137 abuts against upper surface 113a, and the other of the two portions abuts against upper surface 113b), and upper portion 131 has an upper portion recess (here, cutout portion 137) between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction (when viewed along the penetration direction (dotted line W)) that constitutes at least a part of the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) that is recessed (here, recessed upward) away from lower portion 111 attached to upper portion 131. In this block 110, the upper portion 131 has protruding surfaces (shown as protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2 in Figure 15) that protrude from the end of the lower portion recess (recess 113c) near a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) toward the center of the lower portion recess (recess 113c).

[0055] The first structure 101 shown in Figures 14 to 18 is a block mounting structure including the main block 110, the support plate (foundation concrete 171) whose lower surface 171b is accommodated in the lower portion recess (recess 113c) and which passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c), and the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) supported on the upper surface 171a of the support plate (foundation concrete 171) and which passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c). In the first structure 101, the upper portion abutment surface (lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137) includes two separate portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) (one of the two portions of lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137 abuts upper surface 113a, and the other of the two portions abuts upper surface 113b), and the upper portion 131 has an upper portion recess (here, cutout portion 137) between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction (as if the line of sight is along the penetration direction (dotted line W)) that constitutes at least a part of the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) that is recessed (here, recessed upward) away from the lower portion 111 attached to the upper portion 131, and at least a part of the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) is accommodated in the upper portion recess (cutout portion 137).

[0056] In the first structure 101, the entire portion of the support plate (foundation concrete 171) that passes through the through hole (notched portion 137 and recess 113c) is housed in the lower portion recess (recess 113c). In the first structure 101, the upper portion 131 has protruding surfaces (shown as protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2 in Figure 15) that protrude from the ends of the lower portion recess (recess 113c) near a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surfaces 113a and 113b) toward the center of the lower portion recess (recess 113c), and the portion of the support plate (foundation concrete 171) that penetrates the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) abuts or is close to the protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2. In the first structure 101, the height of the upper surface 171a of the portion that passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) of the support plate (foundation concrete 171) is lower than the height of the lower portion abutment surface (upper surfaces 113, 113a, 113b).

[0057] Second embodiment Figure 36 is an oblique view showing a water-stopping structure (hereinafter referred to as the "second structure") 201 of the second embodiment formed by attaching this block 110 to a bottom gutter pipe 10, Figure 37 is an oblique view showing the state in which the bottom gutter pipe 10 has been removed from the state shown in Figure 36, Figure 38 is a J1-J1 cross-sectional view of Figure 36, Figure 39 is a J2-J2 end view of Figure 37, and Figure 40 is a J3-J3 cross-sectional view of Figure 37. In addition, Fig. 41 is a diagram showing a base plate 260 included in the second structure 201 (in detail, Fig. 41(a) is a perspective view of the base plate 260, and Fig. 41(b) shows the base plate 260 viewed from the direction of arrow G in Fig. 41(a)), Fig. 42(a) is an N1-N1 cross-sectional view of Fig. 41(a), Fig. 42(b) is an N2-N2 cross-sectional view of Fig. 41(a), Fig. 43(a) is an N3-N3 cross-sectional view of Fig. 41(b), Fig. 43(b) is an N4-N4 cross-sectional view of Fig. 41(b), and Fig. 44 is a plan view of the base plate 260 (viewed from the direction of arrow P in Figs. 41(a)(b)). The second structure 201 will be described with reference to Figs. 36 to 44. Hereinafter, for ease of explanation and understanding, three mutually perpendicular axes, an X-axis, a Y-axis and a Z-axis, will be used, and their directions will be indicated as X, Y and Z in the drawings.

[0058] The second structure 201 is different from the above-mentioned first structure 101 in that the foundation concrete 171 is replaced with a foundation plate 260, and the rest is the same as the first structure 101. For this reason, the same elements as those in the first structure 101 are given the same reference numbers as those in the first structure 101, and their explanations will be omitted. The second structure 201 includes the main block 110, the base plate 260, and the bottom spout 10. As described above, the main block 110 and the bottom spout 10 are the same as those of the first structure 101.

[0059] The base plate fixture 260 comprises a base plate main body 261, a pair of mounting fixtures 262, 263 rotatably attached to the base plate main body 261 around a rotation axis S1 parallel to the X-axis, and four inclined screws 264a, 264b (male screws) which are male screws and which are respectively screwed into female screw portions 261ha, 261hb (penetrating the upper surface 261fa and the lower surface 261fb of the base plate main body 261) drilled in the Z-axis direction in the base plate main body 261. The base plate body 261 is composed of a plate-like member having an upper surface 261fa along a plane perpendicular to the Z axis and a lower surface 261fb along a plane perpendicular to the Z axis, and, except for a pair of cutout portions 261c1, 261c2, has an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape with sides parallel to either the X-axis, Y-axis, or Z-axis.

[0060] The mounting fixtures 262, 263 include first parts 262a, 263a (having a plate-like shape extending along a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis) that are attached so that their lower surfaces 262d, 263d face the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c, second parts 262b, 263b (having a plate-like shape extending along a plane perpendicular to the X-axis) that are formed integrally with the first parts 262a, 263a, and mounting screws 262c, 263c that attach the second parts 262b, 263b to the base plate main body 261 so that they are rotatable around the rotation axis S1, and the first parts 262a, 263a and the second parts 262b, 263b form an angle shape like the letter "L". By attaching the first parts 262a, 263a to the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c so that the lower surfaces 262d, 263d (both facing the same plane perpendicular to the Z axis) face the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c and the pivot axis S1 is parallel to the X axis (specifically, by inserting mounting screws (not shown) into the screw holes 262ah, 263ah of the first parts 262a, 263a and attaching them to the bottom surface 113cb), the base plate main body 261 is supported rotatably around the pivot axis S1 parallel to the X axis. The fixtures 262, 263 are attached to the cutouts 261c1, 261c2 with some play so that the base plate body 261 can rotate about the rotation axis S1 to a desired extent (to an extent that allows adjustment of the inclination of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 as described below).

[0061] Each of the pair of gradient screws 264a can freely advance and retreat relative to the female thread portion 261ha by rotating forward and backward relative to the female thread portion 261ha with which it is screwed. If each of the pair of gradient screws 264a is caused to protrude downward relative to the female thread portion 261ha, the lower end of the gradient screw 264a can be brought into contact with the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c. Similarly, each of the pair of gradient screws 264b can freely advance and retreat relative to the female thread portion 261hb by rotating forward and backward relative to the female thread portion 261hb with which it is screwed. If each of the pair of gradient screws 264b is caused to protrude downward relative to the female thread portion 261hb, the lower end of the gradient screw 264b can be brought into contact with the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 44, the pair of female thread portions 261ha exists on a straight line S2 parallel to the X-axis, and the pair of female thread portions 261hb exists on a straight line S3 parallel to the X-axis. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the top surface 261fa as in Figure 44 (i.e., when viewed along the Z-axis direction), one side of the pair of female thread portions 261ha (here, the cutout portion 261c1 side) and one side of the pair of female thread portions 261hb (here, the cutout portion 261c1 side) are on a straight line S4 (parallel to the Y-axis), and the other side of the pair of female thread portions 261ha (here, the cutout portion 261c2 side) and the other side of the pair of female thread portions 261hb (here, the cutout portion 261c2 side) are on a straight line S5 (parallel to the Y-axis). The straight lines S2, S3, S4, and S5 exist on a plane perpendicular to the Z axis (here, the plane to which the upper surface 261fa belongs).

[0063] A communication hole 261hc is formed so as to communicate the center of the upper surface 261fa (specifically, near the intersection Q1 of the diagonals of the substantially rectangular shape formed by the upper surface 261fa) with the center of the lower surface 261fb (specifically, near the intersection Q1 of the diagonals of the substantially rectangular shape formed by the lower surface 261fb). Here, the communication hole 261hc has a shape (here, a right circular truncated cone shape having an axis parallel to the Z axis) whose cross-sectional area simply decreases from the upper surface 261fa toward the lower surface 261fb. On the upper surface 261fa, the distance between the intersection Q1 and the line S4 is approximately equal to the distance between the intersection Q1 and the line S5. On the upper surface 261fa, the distance between the intersection Q1 and the line S2 is approximately equal to the distance between the intersection Q1 and the line S3. In addition, when a perpendicular line is drawn from the intersection Q1 to a line including the rotation axis S1, the line segment connecting the foot of the perpendicular line and the intersection Q1 is parallel to the Z axis.

[0064] As described above, the base plate 260 is attached to the recess 113c of the lower part 111 so that the rotation axis S1 is parallel to the X axis, with the lower surface 262d of the mounting fixture 262 and the lower surface 263d of the mounting fixture 263 belonging to a plane perpendicular to the Z axis. In this state, the base plate body 261 can rotate around the rotation axis S1 parallel to the X axis, so that the angle (angle between the Z axis and the upper surface 261fa) (inclination) of the upper surface 261fa with respect to the Z axis can be adjusted. The inclination of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 with respect to the Z axis can be adjusted and fixed by adjusting the downward protruding length of the gradient screw 264a from the lower surface 261fb when the lower end of the gradient screw 264a and the lower end of the gradient screw 264b abut against the bottom surface 113cb, and the downward protruding length of the gradient screw 264b from the lower surface 261fb.

[0065] A method of forming the second structure 201 including the main block 110, the foundation plate 260 and the bottom spout pipe 10 shown in Figs. 36 to 44 will be described. First, as explained in the method of forming the first structure 101, the installation surface base concrete 182 and the bed mortar 183 are laid on the installation surface 181 of the block 110 as shown in FIG. 21, the lower portion 111 is placed so that the lower surface 111b of the lower portion 111 faces the upper surface of the bed mortar 183 shown in FIG. 22, the lower portion 111 is backfilled with soil 185. At this time, the upper surface 185a of the soil 185 is set to be at the same height as the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c.

[0066] Then, as shown in Fig. 45, the foundation plate 260 is attached to the lower part 111 backfilled with soil 185 shown in Fig. 22 (Fig. 45 shows only the lower part 111 and the foundation plate 260 for ease of understanding and explanation). Specifically, the foundation plate 260 is arranged so that the lower surfaces 262d, 263d face the bottom surface 113cb of the recess 113c so that the rotation axis S1 is parallel to the X-axis, and then mounting screws (not shown) are inserted into the screw holes 262ah, 263ah of the first parts 262a, 263a to attach the foundation plate 260 to the bottom surface 113cb. As a result, the foundation plate body 261 is supported rotatably around the rotation axis S1 parallel to the X-axis. Fig. 46(a) is an end view of M1-M1 in Fig. 45 (note that the end view of M2-M2 in Fig. 45 is similar). The lower ends of the gradient screws 264a and 264b are in contact with the bottom surface 113cb, and in this state, the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 is substantially along a plane perpendicular to the Z axis (here, a horizontal plane), and rotation of the base plate body 261 around the rotation axis S1 is prohibited. By adjusting the length of the gradient screw 264a protruding downward from the lower surface 261fb and the length of the gradient screw 264b protruding downward from the lower surface 261fb, the inclination of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 with respect to the Z axis can be adjusted and fixed. Figure 46(b) shows a state in which the length of the gradient screw 264a protruding downward from the lower surface 261fb is increased from the state shown in Figure 46(a), and the length of the gradient screw 264b protruding downward from the lower surface 261fb is decreased. Compared to Figure 46(a), in a state in which the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 with respect to the Z axis is changed by the base plate body 261 rotating clockwise around the rotating shaft S1, the lower end of the gradient screw 264a and the lower end of the gradient screw 264b abut against the bottom surface 113cb, and rotation is prohibited. Similarly, by reducing the length by which the gradient screw 264a protrudes downward from the lower surface 261fb from the state shown in Figure 46(a) and increasing the length by which the gradient screw 264b protrudes downward from the lower surface 261fb, the base plate body 261 can be rotated counterclockwise around the rotation axis S1 to change the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa relative to the Z axis, and the lower ends of the gradient screws 264a and 264b can be abutted against the bottom surface 113cb to prohibit rotation. In this way, the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 with respect to the Z axis is adjusted to a desired value (rotation position adjustment step), and then fixed at that angle (gradient) (rotation fixing step).

[0067] As described above, the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 relative to the Z axis is adjusted as desired, and the lower ends of the gradient screws 264a and 264b are abutted against the bottom surface 113cb to prevent rotation, and then the space between the lower portion 111 (recess 113c) and the base plate body 261 is filled with mortar 298 and bonded, thereby fixing the base plate body 261 more securely (rotation fixing step). Specifically, as shown in Fig. 47(a) (a cross section of a plane parallel to the Z axis and including the rotation axis S1; Fig. 47(b) is similar), the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa is adjusted, and the lower ends of the gradient screws 264a and 264b are brought into contact with the bottom surface 113cb, and then flowable mortar is injected from the upper surface 261fa side to the lower surface 261fb side through the communication holes 261hc, filling the gap between the lower portion 111 (recess 113c) and the base plate body 261 with the flowable mortar, and then the mortar is hardened. In this way, the gap between the lower portion 111 (recess 113c) and the base plate body 261 as shown in Fig. 47(b) is filled and bonded with hardened mortar 298, so that the base plate body 261 is more securely fixed to the lower portion 111.

[0068] As described above, after adjusting and fixing the angle (gradient) of the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 with respect to the Z axis, the bottom gutter pipe 10 is installed on the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261 in the same manner as described with reference to Figures 25, 26, and 27 in the first structure 101. For ease of understanding, Figure 48 shows only the lower part 111, the base plate 260, the bottom gutter pipe 10, and the water-stopping material 19. After the bottom gutter pipe 10 is installed on the upper surface 261fa of the base plate body 261, the water-stopping material 19 (specifically, the same as that used in the first structure 101) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the bottom gutter pipe 10 (attached along the intersection line between the plane perpendicular to the Y axis and the outer peripheral surface). This water-stopping material 19 is interposed between the inner surface of the cutout portion 137 of the upper part 131 and the outer peripheral surface of the bottom gutter pipe 10, thereby inhibiting or reducing the movement of water through the gap between these two surfaces. In addition, the bottom culvert 10 is often installed continuously, and the foundation concrete for supporting the bottom culvert 10 is similarly appropriately formed continuously.

[0069] After the bottom gutter pipe 10 is installed and the water-stopping material 19 is attached as shown in Figure 48, the upper part 131 is disposed as shown in Figure 49 in the same manner as described with reference to Figures 28, 29, and 30 for the first structure 101. Note that Figure 49 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 48, and shows only the lower part 111, foundation plate 260, bottom gutter pipe 10, and upper part 131 (the water-stopping material 19 is hidden and cannot be seen). Thereafter, the connecting fitting 132a and the connecting fitting 116 are connected with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect the lower part 111 and the upper part 131. Furthermore, the additional part 151 is disposed in the same manner as described with reference to Figures 31, 32 and 33 for the first structure 101. Figure 50 is viewed from the same direction as Figure 49, and shows only the lower part 111, foundation plate 260, bottom spout pipe 10, upper part 131 and additional part 151 (water-stopping material 19 is hidden and cannot be seen). Thereafter, the connecting fitting 156 and connecting fitting 132b are connected with a connecting bolt (not shown) to connect the additional part 151 and the upper part 131.

[0070] Thereafter, in the same manner as described with reference to Figures 34 and 35 for the first structure 101, the main block 110 and the bottom spout pipe 10 are completely backfilled with soil 185. In this manner, the second structure 201 is completed in which the bottom spout pipe 10 passes through the main block 110. As described above, the additional portion 151 is not essential, and if the height of the water-stopping block is sufficient without the additional portion 151, the structure shown in Figure 49 may be completely backfilled with soil 185.

[0071] As described above, the lower part 111 in the second embodiment comprises the lower part 111 and the upper part 131 attached to the lower part 111, and has a through hole (here formed by the cutout portion 137 and the recess 113c) through which a pipe (here the bottom spout pipe 10) having a flow path (here the conductive space 10c) through which a fluid (here water) flows and a support plate (here the base plate main body 261) whose upper surface (here the upper surface 261fa) supports the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10), and the lower part 11 constitutes a block (here the main block 110) that is attached in a brim shape to the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) and the support plate (base plate main body 261) by inserting the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) and the support plate (base plate main body 261) into the through hole (the cutout portion 137 and the recess 113c). 20, upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b are the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing upper portion 131, and a lower portion recess (recess 113c) that constitutes at least a part of the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) recessed (here recessed downward) away from upper portion 131 attached to lower portion 111 between the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b separated by recess 113c) when viewed in the penetration direction (here, the longitudinal direction of bottom spout pipe 10) in which the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) penetrates the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c). In the lower portion 111, a lower portion recess (recess 113c) is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the penetration direction (as viewed along the penetration direction (dotted line W)).

[0072] In the second embodiment, the block 110 is a block comprising a lower portion 111 and an upper portion 131 having an upper portion abutment surface (here, a lower surface 136 separated by a cutout portion 137) that abuts against a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b). In this block 110, the upper portion abutment surface (lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137) includes two separate portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) (one of the two portions of lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137 abuts against upper surface 113a, and the other of the two portions abuts against upper surface 113b), and upper portion 131 has an upper portion recess (here, cutout portion 137) between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction (when viewed along the penetration direction (dotted line W)) that constitutes at least a part of the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) that is recessed (here, recessed upward) away from lower portion 111 attached to upper portion 131. In this block 110, the upper portion 131 has protruding surfaces (shown as protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2 in Figure 37) that protrude from the end of the lower portion recess (recess 113c) near a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) toward the center of the lower portion recess (recess 113c).

[0073] The second structure 201 shown in Figures 36 to 44 is a block mounting structure including the main block 110, the support plate (foundation plate main body 261) whose lower surface 261fb is at least accommodated in the lower portion recess (recess 113c) and which passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c), and the pipe (bottom gutter pipe 10) supported on the upper surface 261fa of the support plate (foundation plate main body 261) and which passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c). In the second structure 201, the upper portion abutment surface (lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137) includes two separate portions abutting against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) (one of the two portions of lower surface 136 divided by cutout portion 137 abuts against upper surface 113a, and the other of the two portions abuts against upper surface 113b), and the upper portion 131 has an upper portion recess (here, cutout portion 137) between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction (as if the line of sight is along the penetration direction (dotted line W)) that constitutes at least a part of the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) that is recessed (here, recessed upward) away from the lower portion 111 attached to the upper portion 131, and at least a part of the pipe (bottom spout pipe 10) is accommodated in the upper portion recess (cutout portion 137).

[0074] In the second structure 201, the entire portion of the support plate (base plate main body 261) that passes through the through-hole (notched portion 137 and recess 113c) is housed in the lower portion recess (recess 113c). In the second structure 201, the upper portion 131 has protruding surfaces (shown as protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2 in Figure 37) that protrude from the end of the lower portion recess (recess 113c) near a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces (upper surface 113a and upper surface 113b) toward the center of the lower portion recess (recess 113c), and the portion of the support plate (base plate main body 261) that penetrates the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) abuts or is close to the protruding surfaces 136f1, 136f2. In the second structure 201, the height of the upper surface 261fa of the portion of the support plate (base plate main body 261) that passes through the through hole (cutout portion 137 and recess 113c) is lower than the height of the lower portion abutment surface (upper surfaces 113, 113a, 113b).

[0075] In the second structure 201, the support plate (base plate main body 261) is attached to the block 110 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (here, a rotation axis S1 that intersects perpendicularly to the "plane perpendicular to the X-axis," which is a vertical plane parallel to the penetration direction (here, a plane perpendicular to the X-axis)) that intersects with a vertical plane parallel to the penetration direction. The second structure 201 has rotation prohibiting means (here, a pair of gradient screws 264a and a pair of gradient screws 264b) that prohibits the rotation (rotation of the base plate body 261 around the rotation axis S1) at a predetermined rotation position. In the second structure 201, the rotation prevention means (a pair of gradient screws 264a and a pair of gradient screws 264b) prevents further rotation in one direction (for example, a clockwise direction in Figure 46) by abutting an abutment portion (here, the tip (lower end) of the pair of gradient screws 264b) attached to the support plate (base plate main body 261) that approaches the lower part 111 due to the rotation in that direction, against the lower part 111. In the second structure 201, the rotation prohibiting means (a pair of gradient screws 264a and a pair of gradient screws 264b) have an abutment portion (the tip (lower end) of the pair of gradient screws 264b) that approaches the lower part 111 due to the rotation in one direction (for example, the clockwise direction in Figure 46), and an abutment portion (the tip (lower end) of the pair of gradient screws 264a) that approaches the lower part 111 due to the rotation in the other direction (the counterclockwise direction in Figure 46), and these two abutment portions abut against the lower part 111 (Figure 46), thereby prohibiting the rotation. In the second structure 201, the rotation is prohibited by both abutment portions (the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264b and the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264a) abutting against the bottom surface 113cb of the lower portion recess (recess 113c). In the second structure 201, the abutment portions (the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264b, the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264a) are the tips of members (a pair of gradient screws 264b, a pair of gradient screws 264a) arranged to be movable forward and backward relative to the support plate (base plate main body 261).

[0076] In the second structure 201, the support plate (foundation plate main body 261) has an injection port (communication hole 261hc) that connects both main surfaces (upper surface 261fa, lower surface 261fb) of the support plate (foundation plate main body 261) and is used to inject adhesive (mortar) to bond the lower portion recess (recess 113c) and the support plate (foundation plate main body 261).

[0077] The above-mentioned method for forming the second structure 201 is a forming method that includes a rotational position adjustment step (adjusting the rotational position of the base plate main body 261 around the rotation axis S1) of adjusting the rotational position of the support plate (base plate main body 261) attached to the lower part 111. The method for forming the second structure 201 includes, after the rotation position adjusting step, a rotation fixing step of fixing the rotation at a predetermined rotation position. In the method of forming the second structure 201, the pivoting and fixing step includes the abutment portions (the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264b, the tips (lower ends) of the pair of gradient screws 264a) of the support plate (base plate main body 261) abutting against the lower portion 111. In the method for forming the second structure 201, the pivoting and fixing step includes bonding (with mortar 298) the lower portion recess (recess 113c) and the support plate (base plate main body 261). [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 10 Bottom gutter pipe 10b Bottom 10c conduction space 19 Water-stopping materials 101 1st structure 110 blocks 111 Lower part 111b Bottom side 113 Top surface 113a, 113b top surface 113c Recess 113cb bottom 115a 1st outer surface 115b 2nd outer surface 116 Connecting fittings 131 Upper part 132a Connecting fittings 132b Connecting fittings 133 Part 1 134 Part 2 135 Part 3 136 Bottom surface 136f1, 136f2 protruding surface 137 Cutout part 138a 1st outer surface 138b 2nd outer surface 139 Top surface 151 Additional parts 152 Bottom surface 156 Connecting fittings 158a 1st outer surface 158b 2nd outer surface 171 Foundation Concrete 171a Top side 171b Bottom side 171c Foundation concrete body 171d Mortar 181 Installation surface 182 Installation surface foundation concrete 183 Mortar 185 Sat 185a top surface 201 Second structure 260 Foundation board 261 Base plate body 261c1, 261c2 Cutout 261fa top surface 261fb Bottom side 261ha, 261hb Female thread 261hc communication hole 262, 263 Mounting fixture 262a, 263a Part 1 262ah, 263ah screw holes 262b, 263b Part 2 262c, 263c Mounting screws 262d, 263d bottom surface 264a, 264b gradient screw 298 Mortar 301 Embankment body Bottom of the embankment body 301a Top end of the embankment body 301b Retention pond 302 Water surface 302a Surface part 303 Embanked soil 305 Waterproof layer 306 Waterstop block 307 Backfill soil 308 Lower part 311 Bottom surface 311b Upper surface 313 First outer surface 315a Second outer surface 315b Connecting fitting 316 Upper part 331 First part of the upper part 331a Second part of the upper part 331b Connecting fitting 332a Connecting fitting 332b Connecting fitting 332c Bottom surface 336 Notch part 337 First outer surface 338a Second outer surface 338b Upper surface 339 Additional part 351 Bottom surface 352 Connecting fitting 356 First outer surface 358a Second outer surface 358b Water intake part 360 External water channel 361 Foundation concrete 391 Upper surface 391a Bottom surface 391b One side foundation concrete 391p1 Upper surface 391p1a Bottom surface 391p1b The other side foundation concrete 391p2 Upper surface 391p2a Bottom surface 391p2b

Claims

1. A block comprising a lower portion and an upper portion attached to the lower portion, the block having a through hole through which a tube having a flow path therein through which a fluid flows and a support plate whose upper surface supports the tube penetrate, the block being attached to the tube and the support plate in a flange shape by inserting the tube and the support plate into the through hole, The lower portion has a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing the upper portion, and a lower portion recess between the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces as viewed from a penetration direction in which the tube penetrates the through hole, the lower portion recessed so as to be recessed away from the upper portion attached to the lower portion and constituting at least a part of the through hole, The upper portion has an upper portion abutment surface including two mutually spaced portions that abut against each of a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces, an upper portion recess between the two portions when viewed from the penetration direction and that constitutes at least a portion of the through hole that is recessed away from the lower portion attached to the upper portion, and a protruding surface that protrudes from an end of the lower portion recess near the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess.

2. 2. The block according to claim 1, wherein the lower recess is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the penetrating direction.

3. A block mounting structure comprising: a block having a through hole through which a tube having a flow path therein through which a fluid flows and a support plate whose upper surface supports the tube, the block having a through hole through which the tube and the support plate penetrate and which is mounted to the tube and the support plate in a flange-like shape, the support plate, and the tube, The lower portion has a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing the upper portion, and a lower portion recess between the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces as viewed from a penetration direction in which the tube penetrates the through hole, the lower portion recessed so as to be recessed away from the upper portion attached to the lower portion and constituting at least a part of the through hole, the upper portion has an upper portion abutment surface including two mutually separated portions abutting against the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces, an upper portion recess between the two portions as viewed from the penetration direction and constituting at least a portion of the through hole recessed away from the lower portion attached to the upper portion, and a protruding surface protruding from an end of the lower portion recess near the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess, The tube is at least partially received in the upper portion recess; A block mounting structure in which the entire portion of the support plate passing through the through hole is accommodated in the lower portion recess, and the portion of the support plate passing through the through hole abuts or is adjacent to the protruding surface.

4. A block mounting structure comprising: a block having a through hole through which a tube having a flow path therein through which a fluid flows and a support plate whose upper surface supports the tube, the block having a through hole through which the tube and the support plate penetrate and which is mounted to the tube and the support plate in a flange-like shape, the support plate, and the tube, The lower portion has a pair of lower portion abutment surfaces spaced apart from each other and facing the upper portion, and a lower portion recess between the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces as viewed from a penetration direction in which the tube penetrates the through hole, the lower portion recessed so as to be recessed away from the upper portion attached to the lower portion and constituting at least a part of the through hole, the upper portion has an upper portion abutment surface that abuts against the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces; At least the lower surface of the support plate is received in the lower portion recess, and the support plate is attached to the block so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis intersecting a vertical plane parallel to the penetration direction, in this block mounting structure.

5. The upper portion abutment surface includes two portions spaced apart from each other and abutting against the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces, respectively; The upper portion has an upper portion recess between the two portions as viewed from the penetration direction, the upper portion recessed away from the lower portion attached to the upper portion and constituting at least a part of the through hole, 5. The block mounting structure of claim 4, wherein the tube is at least partially received in the upper portion recess.

6. 6. The block mounting structure according to claim 5, wherein the entire portion of the support plate passing through the through hole is accommodated in the lower portion recess.

7. the upper portion has a protruding surface protruding from an end of the lower portion recess in the vicinity of the pair of lower portion abutment surfaces toward the center of the lower portion recess, 7. The block mounting structure according to claim 6, wherein the portion of the support plate passing through the through hole abuts on or is adjacent to the protruding surface.

8. 8. The block mounting structure according to claim 4, further comprising a rotation prohibiting means for prohibiting said rotation at a predetermined rotation position.

9. 9. The block mounting structure according to claim 8, wherein the rotation preventing means prevents further rotation in one direction by abutting a contact portion attached to the support plate that approaches the lower portion due to the rotation in one direction against the lower portion.

10. 10. The block mounting structure of claim 9, wherein the rotation-preventing means has an abutment portion that approaches the lower portion upon the rotation in one direction and an abutment portion that approaches the lower portion upon the rotation in the other direction, and both abutment portions abut against the lower portion to prohibit the rotation.

11. 11. The block mounting structure according to claim 10, wherein the rotation is inhibited by the abutment portions abutting against a bottom surface of the lower portion recess.

12. 12. The block mounting structure according to claim 9, wherein the contact portion is a tip of a member arranged to be movable forward and backward relative to the support plate.

13. 13. The block mounting structure according to claim 4, wherein the support plate has an injection port formed therein for injecting an adhesive that connects both main surfaces of the support plate and bonds the lower portion recess and the support plate.

14. 14. A method for forming a block mounting structure according to claim 4, further comprising a pivot position adjusting step of adjusting a pivot position of the pivot.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising a rotation fixing step of fixing the rotation at a predetermined rotation position after the rotation position adjusting step.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the pivoting step includes abutting an abutment portion of the support plate against the lower portion.

17. 17. The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein the pivot fixing step includes bonding the lower portion recess and the support plate.

Images