Spring water intake device and method

Abstract

To provide a spring water intake device and a method that can reduce maintenance and cleaning work, improve construction difficulty, and improve water quality to prevent rainwater and low-quality shallow surface water from mixing with the water supply and natural water collection devices that use ground spring water.SOLUTION: The hydraulic pressure of ground spring water is maintained higher than a water pressure of rainwater or other surface water infiltrating into the ground by allowing water exceeding the quantity of water intake to overflow from the water intake structure, and contamination of rainwater or low-quality surface water from shallow parts into water service pipes or feed water equipment is prevented by maintaining the flow velocity of the ground spring water higher than the flow velocity of surface water infiltrating into the ground.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a water extraction device and method for extracting spring water from a clean aquifer. [Background technology]

[0002] Drinking water is subject to water quality standards. Tap water is purified by separating raw water from rivers, lakes, etc. through sedimentation and then chlorine disinfection. However, in recent years, water pollution has progressed, leading to an increase in the amount of disinfectants used, and the odor and taste of water has worsened due to disinfection by-products and residual chlorine.

[0003] On the other hand, there are many legends that tea made with spring water flowing from forest areas, natural water, natural spring water, or groundwater that is called famous water tastes delicious in areas with high purity, clean aquifers, and good natural environments. Currently, famous water such as mineral water is sold as is or heat-sterilized and bottled in liter-sized plastic bottles, and is sold at a higher price than milk. However, when a large amount of rain falls at one time, these water sources can become muddy as surface water pollutants, such as clay colloids, flow into the intakes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 62-296022 (Fig. 1) [Patent Document 2] JP 2002-224675 A

[0016] (FIG. 6) Summary of the Invention

[0005] Patent Document 1 discloses a method of preventing the inflow of wastewater from shallow layers, which allows for the utilization of clear underground spring water in the deeper parts of the strata, and of placing gravel or piles of stones that block the flow of water to a clear water aquifer, and then pouring and compacting the piles of gravel. A sterilization device and facility that can utilize spring water that naturally flows down from mountain areas is disclosed in Patent Document 2. However, the device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is difficult to maintain because construction of the water source is difficult and mixing with surface water is difficult, and water purification treatment and the use of a sterilization device 13 are essential. [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] FIG. 1 is a diagram incorporating FIG. 6 of Patent Document 2, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of the water source portion of FIG. Traditionally, facilities that use spring water that flows naturally downhill from high places such as mountain valleys for water supply have separated the raw spring water, which is conveyed through gutters and intake pipes, in a settling tank 28 or water storage tank to remove foreign matter. To prevent clogging of the pipes 29, the settling tank is installed at a high place. Settling tanks are usually large, heavy, sturdy concrete Hume pipes, and Figure 3 shows an example where two settling tanks made of Hume pipes are used together on a steep slope in the mountains with no roads, and the intake structure such as the bucket in Figure 4 and the intake pipes are buried in the stratum to a depth where groundwater can be extracted.

[0007] However, it is difficult to dig deep in the mountains. Also, if the groundwater is naturally flowing or the spring force is large, digging deep is not done. The strata around the intake basin in Figure 4 are thin, and the intake pipe from the intake basin (Figures 2 and 3) is directly connected to the settling tank 28. Even if the water pressure of the groundwater spring is sufficient, the collected spring water flows immediately into the settling tank, so the water level inside the intake basin is low and there is a cavity inside the intake basin with the lid closed. Surface water from rainfall, highly turbid water, and pollutants from wild animals' feces and urine and carcasses can enter the basin directly through the strata upstream of the basin and the gaps in the basin lid, making it impossible to prevent contamination of the spring water. The settling tank cannot be sealed, making it impossible to prevent the intrusion and reproduction of insects.

[0008] In addition, in the water supply structure shown in Figure 1, spring water in excess of the amount of water supplied to faucets 30 etc. overflows from the settling tank 28, and a large amount of polluted and settled spring water is discarded through overflow 8 (Figure 5) from the settling tank compared to the required amount of water supply. In addition, a large amount of soil and garbage proportional to the amount of water is wasted and settled in the settling tank (Figure 3) and left inside the settling tank, and cleaning them requires a large amount of work and requires climbing steep slopes.

[0009] The present invention was devised in consideration of the problems with the prior art described above, and aims to improve water quality by preventing the mixing of rainwater and poor-quality spring water from shallow surface water layers into waterworks and natural water collection devices that use groundwater springs, to reduce the difficulty of construction work, and to eliminate the need for settling tanks, thereby eliminating the need for maintenance and cleaning work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] By allowing excess water over the collected amount to overflow from a water intake structure directly connected to the underground spring, the water pressure of the groundwater spring is kept higher than the water pressure of surface water such as rainwater that permeates into the ground, and the flow rate of the spring water is kept faster than the flow rate of surface water that permeates into the ground, thereby preventing rainwater and spring water from poor quality surface water layers in the shallow area from mixing into water pipes and water supply equipment. Spring water is groundwater that is forced out of a permeable layer of the earth's stratum into the ground by groundwater pressure, and the present invention solves the problem by providing a structure for utilizing that groundwater pressure. One of the structures is a water conveyance structure that conveys spring water from the intake structure to the water supply port without exposing it to air. To prevent loss of groundwater pressure, the other structure is a water-resistant structure that prevents or obstructs the leakage of spring water into the ground upstream of the intake structure. Effect of the Invention

[0011] The present invention can significantly improve the water quality of conventional tap water that uses spring water at low cost without exposing the spring water to air. In particular, natural water that flows naturally, does not dry up for many years, and passes the drinking water test without heating or sterilization can be collected from a water source in a steep mountain area without using any disinfectants and without being contaminated by disinfection by-products or residual chlorine. This has a large economic effect not only for use in tap water but also as a valuable natural water product. This will greatly reduce the difficulty of construction work as no settling tank will be required for new spring water intake construction. The dangerous and labor-intensive work of cleaning the settling tank at high altitudes required by the conventional technology can be eliminated. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates the prior art. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of a water intake portion of the prior art. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 shows a settling tank of an example of the prior art. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows a water intake basin of the prior art. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 shows an overflow of a settling tank of the prior art. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing Example 1. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing Example 2. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an overflow from the water intake structure of the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS EXAMPLES

[0013] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the first embodiment. Example 1 is an example of an experiment in which the above-mentioned example was improved using the present invention. Figure 6 shows the water intake device of the present invention, in which a water conveying structure 2 is connected in communication from a spring water intake structure 1 to a water supply port 7, and the inside of the water intake structure 1 is filled with spring water to be fed to the water conveying structure 2.

[0014] The water intake structure 1, which is directly connected to the underground spring where the spring water gushes out by a water intake pipe, is a hollow bucket, but instead of a bucket, it is also possible to simply use the gaps or cavities in the rocks where the groundwater gushes out as the water intake structure and install a water conveyance structure in the water intake structure. The water conveyance structure 2 is a structure that includes the piping from the water intake structure 1 to the tank, the valve 4, the straight 6, etc. The tank float valve (not shown) or, if the tank is not used, the water resistance of the water supply structure such as the faucet or piping in the house may cause the tank to leak. Therefore, if the overflow 5 can be maintained from the water intake structure 1 under normal water supply conditions, the valve 4 of the flow control device does not need to be used.

[0015] Instead of using a valve 4, a means for adjusting the flow rate may be used, such as by simply adjusting the diameter of the pipe or by reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​part of the flow path. The water-resistant layer 3 is a structure for preventing groundwater from leaking into the ground at the upstream part of the intake structure when the groundwater pressure is insufficient, preventing loss of groundwater pressure, and maintaining or enhancing overflow 5. When the groundwater pressure is high and the groundwater has the ability to flow naturally, the water-resistant layer 3 can be omitted. Alternatively, a simple U-shaped tank that protects the intake pipe may be used.

[0016] It is desirable for the water-resistant layer 3 to have high waterproofing properties. As long as the above-mentioned objectives can be achieved, it is acceptable for the layer to be incompletely waterproof or water-resistant, so that the permeability of the ground surface is hindered. A waterproof sheet or the like may be placed inside the water-resistant layer 3. The water-resistant layer 3 may be extended over the top surface of the water intake structure 1, completely covering the water intake structure 1 (Fig. 7).

[0017] To maintain or increase the overflow 5, the flow resistance in the water conveying structure can be increased and the valve 4 of the flow control device can be adjusted to control the maximum flow rate to only the amount of water used.

[0018] In the above experiment, a simple pile of stones and soil was used as the water-resistant layer 3. The strainer and cyclone 6 are devices for removing sand. Depending on the actual spring water quality, it is possible to select from omission, coarse filtration, and fine filtration. Example 1 Figure 6 shows a cyclone sand removal device 6 for preventing clogging with heavy sand in a pipe installed on a nearly flat road, and a mud drain valve for flushing out light mud that has settled in the pipe.

[0019] Example 1 of the present invention is an example of an experiment conducted on a spring water source with natural flowing water, after modifying the conventional technology shown in Figures 1 to 5. Figure 8 shows a demonstration of overflow 5 from a gap in the lid of the manhole of the water intake structure of this example. The raw water from the water source passes the drinking water test. This experiment shows that the raw water contains only a small amount of sand, so the strainer and cyclone 6 can be omitted.

[0020] Before the renovation, bugs, crabs, spiders, frogs, leeches, etc. were constantly breeding inside the sedimentation tank, and garbage and floating objects were floating all over the water surface, so three times a year, someone had to enter the tank, remove the dirt with a bucket, and clean the walls with a brush. Inside the tank, there was a layer of black muddy sediment that was impossible to see the bottom, and heavy rains from typhoons would cause the black sediment to adhere to the inner walls of the tank, causing muddy water to come out of the faucet, and requiring additional tank cleaning.

[0021] The effects of the present invention demonstrated in Example 1 are that the raw spring water is introduced into the waterworks piping without coming into contact with air, there are no more insects in the waterworks water system, mud settling in the tanks is reduced to an unprecedented level, the water quality is improved to the same level as the raw water from the water source, the settling tank is eliminated, and the maintenance work for the entire waterworks is significantly reduced. This makes it possible to eliminate the need for a settling tank, greatly improving the difficulty of new spring water intake construction, and reducing the maintenance costs of waterworks that use spring water. EXAMPLES

[0022] 7 is a diagram showing Example 2. The water intake structure 1 includes an umbrella-shaped cover, a filter net, a sand drain valve, a mud drain valve, a strainer, a tankless valve, a faucet, and the like. [Industrial Applicability]

[0023] The present invention can provide a water supply or natural water collection device that utilizes groundwater springs. It is possible to provide water supply water or natural water at low cost. By strengthening the water-resistant layer 3 and adopting a fine filtration strainer, it is expected that the present embodiment will have higher usability and economical benefits than the first embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0024] 1 Water intake structure 2. Water-conducting structure 3 Waterproof layer 4 Valves 5. Water intake structure, overflow from gaps in the lid of the bucket 6 Strainer, cyclone 7 Water inlet 8 Overflow from a prior art settling tank 13 Prior art sterilization devices 28 Prior art settling tank 29 Prior Art Piping 30 Prior Art Faucet

Claims

1. A spring water intake device, comprising: a water intake structure including a hollow body having an opening; A member that is disposed in the opening of the water intake structure and blocks a large portion of the opening to form a gap between the opening and the member; A water outlet for discharging water in the water intake structure to the outside; A water conveying structure connected in communication with the water outlet; A water-resistant layer that suppresses the permeability of the ground surface provided upstream of the spring near the water intake structure; Equipped with Using groundwater pressure to remove air from within the water intake structure, the water intake structure is filled with water, and excess water is allowed to overflow through the gap and discharged. This water intake device is characterized in that the water-resistant layer inhibits leakage of the spring water into the ground, preventing loss of groundwater pressure, thereby maintaining or enhancing overflow from the gap.

2. 2. Water collected using the water intake device according to claim 1.

3. A method of utilizing the water intake device of claim 1, comprising the steps of: a step of filling the water intake structure with water by removing air from the water intake structure and allowing excess water to overflow through the gap and be discharged from the water intake structure; obtaining water from the water conducting structure; The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

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