Work Machine
The work machine design addresses the challenge of discharging objects by incorporating a vertically swayable arm with a link unit and guide mechanisms, allowing the bucket to tilt and swing for efficient side discharge, even with manual operation, thereby reducing operator burden and enhancing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2021192740
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-11-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing work machines face challenges in efficiently discharging objects stacked on the work unit to the side, particularly when manual operation is required, as it increases the burden on the operator due to weight and reduces the machine's progress due to object collapse.
A work machine design featuring a vertically swayable arm portion with a bucket portion at the end, a link unit allowing the bucket to swing and incline, a dump guide, and a guide pin that contacts the dump guide to prevent the bucket from rising on one side, enabling the bucket to tilt and swing towards the side for efficient object discharge.
The design allows for easy configuration of a mechanism to discharge objects to the side, enabling the work machine to be swingable by human power, reducing operator burden, and preventing object collapse, thus enhancing operational efficiency.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The present invention relates to a work machine, and more particularly to a work machine that rakes up objects on a travel surface. [Background technology]
[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a device that can easily discharge soil to the side of the machine body without repeatedly moving the machine body in order to perform soil discharge work in narrow spaces. This device is configured so that a boom is formed with a front boom section that is connected to the tip of the rear boom so as to be rotatable about a longitudinal axis, and the front boom section is driven and rotated about the longitudinal axis by an actuator.
[0003] For the same purpose, Patent Document 2 is disclosed. A bucket, which is a working part, can be dump-swung around a front-to-rear axis at the tip of a boom that is provided so as to be freely swingable up and down around a horizontal axis, and an actuator for this dump swing is supported on the boom via a link linkage mechanism. The lateral side walls of the bucket are provided so as to be able to collapse in conjunction with the dump swing of the bucket, and are switched to a position that guides the soil to be discharged far to the side. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]
[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-112961 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-112960 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]
[0005] In the invention described in Patent Document 1, the front boom supports a bucket at the front and is connected to the rear boom at the rear by a pivot pin. Therefore, while a load is applied to the bucket during operation, this load must be supported by the pivot pin, which is the connection part with the rear boom, and the strength of the surrounding members including the pivot pin must be sufficiently ensured. In particular, since the boom lifting and lowering operation in Patent Document 1 is performed using an actuator, the increase in boom weight due to the ensured strength does not reach a level that reduces function and performance. However, when the lifting and lowering of a boom including a bucket is performed manually, even a small increase in weight places a burden on the worker and can become a major problem.
[0006] In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 1 tilts the bucket around a pivot pin located in the middle of the bucket width, so objects are discharged close to the side of the work machine. Objects piled up on the side of the work machine may collapse again toward the work machine, hindering the progress of the work machine. As a technology to prevent this, Patent Document 2 presents a mechanism that can guide soil and sand to the side and far away using the side wall of the bucket. However, similar to the problem pointed out in Patent Document 1, because the mechanism transmits the operation of the actuator via a link mechanism to operate the side wall, a large increase in weight is expected, which poses problems when raising and lowering the boom including the bucket by hand. The present invention has been made in response to the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide a work machine that has a simply configured mechanism for discharging objects loaded on the working section to the side, and that can be swung by human power. [Means for solving the problem]
[0007] The present invention relates to a working unit provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction around a fulcrum located at an end of the machine frame; The working unit includes an arm unit that is rotatable in the vertical direction around the fulcrum unit; a bucket portion located at an end of the arm portion and configured to scoop up an object; a link portion that connects the arm portion and the bucket portion, and allows the bucket portion to swing left and right in a traveling direction and tilt the bucket portion with respect to the traveling direction; Equipped with 、 a dump guide fixed to an end of the machine frame and located in the vicinity of the fulcrum portion and protruding to either the left or right side; A guide pin provided in the bucket portion; Equipped with the guide pin is installed so as to have a side which rises with the rise of the working unit and comes into contact with the dump guide, and a side which does not come into contact with the dump guide, The guide pin rises as the working unit rises and comes into contact with the dump guide, and when the working unit is further raised, the bucket portion of the working unit on the side with which the dump guide comes into contact is prevented from rising, while the bucket portion on the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide do not come into contact is not prevented from rising, so that the bucket portion supported by the link portion tilts in the direction of travel toward the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide come into contact and swings toward the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide come into contact. A working machine characterized by: relates to.
[0008] The present invention further comprises: guide plates fixed to the ends of the machine frame and arranged opposite to each other; a restriction pin that is provided from the bucket portion toward the guide plate when the working unit is rotated downward and is positioned between the guide plates to restrict swinging of the bucket portion to the left and right in the traveling direction; Equipped with A working machine characterized by: relates to.
[0009] The present invention further comprises: The link portion is composed of a first link and a second link, and the first link and the second link are disposed at an incline relative to each other. child A work machine characterized by: relates to. Effect of the Invention
[0013] The present invention provides a working machine that has a simply configured mechanism for discharging objects loaded on a working section to the side, and that can be swung even by human power. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a plan view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the right side in the drawing being the forward direction. [Diagram 3] 1 is a front view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4]1 is a side view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a working unit is raised at the moment when a guide pin comes into contact with a dump guide. [Diagram 5] 1 is a side view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the working unit is in a raised state, the guide pin is in contact with the dump guide, the working unit is further raised, the working unit swings to the right in the traveling direction, and the right end of the working unit in the traveling direction tilts downward. [Figure 6] 1 is a front view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the working unit is in a raised state, the guide pin is in contact with the dump guide, the working unit is further raised, the working unit swings to the right in the traveling direction, and the right end of the working unit in the traveling direction is tilted downward. The handle and the connecting portion are omitted from the illustration. [Figure 7] 1 is a plan view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the working unit is in a raised state, the guide pin is in contact with the dump guide, the working unit is further raised, the working unit swings to the right in the traveling direction, and the right end of the working unit in the traveling direction is tilted downward. A handle and a connecting portion are omitted from the illustration. [Figure 8] It is an explanatory diagram of the working machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a rear view of the working unit when the rear surface of the link unit is used as a reference. It shows the moment when the guide pin contacts the dump guide as the working unit rises. A part of the machine frame is omitted. The back of the figure is the traveling direction. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the working unit when the rear surface of the link unit is used as a reference. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the bucket unit is midway from the central position to the lateral position as the working unit is raised. The guide pin moves to the lateral side while contacting the dump guide. A part of the machine frame is omitted. The direction toward the back of the drawing is the traveling direction. [Figure 10] Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the working unit when the rear face of the link unit is used as a reference. Fig. 1 shows a state in which the working unit swings to the right in the traveling direction as the working unit rises, and the right end of the working unit in the traveling direction tilts downward. Part of the machine frame is omitted. The direction of travel is toward the back of the drawing. [Figure 11] 1 is a side view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the right side in the drawing indicating the direction of travel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0015] A working machine A according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 11 denotes a machine frame. The machine frame 11 is formed in an annular shape in a plan view as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7. Reference numeral 12 denotes a running portion. The running portion 12 is disposed in the center of the machine frame 11. The working machine A is capable of moving on a traveling surface B by a traveling part 12. In the embodiment of the present invention, the working machine is configured with traveling wheels, but it can also travel on a type of track.
[0016] The running part 12 may or may not be powered. If the running part 12 is not powered, the running wheels or tracks of the running part 12 roll on the running surface B by pushing the machine frame 11 in the forward / backward direction, and the work machine A can move forward / backward. When the running wheels, which are the running parts 12, are driven to rotate by power, a motor can be placed at the center of the running wheels or in a location separate from the running wheels, and the rotational power generated by this motor can be transmitted to the running wheels to make the vehicle move independently. When the track, which is the running part 12, is rotationally driven by power, a drive wheel that receives rotational power from a motor or the like and is rotationally driven is disposed at either the front or rear of the inner circumference of the track, and a driven wheel is disposed at the other of the front or rear. By this, the track that receives the driving force is driven in a circular motion, thereby enabling the work machine A to move self-propelled.
[0017] A handle 21 is provided on one end of the machine frame 11, which is the rear side, and is held by an operator. The lower end of the handle 21 is connected to the machine frame 11 and extends upward from the lower end, and the upper end is provided with a grip portion 22 that is gripped by an operator.
[0018] When an operator grasps the gripping portion 22 and pushes the machine frame 11 back and forth, the running portion 12 rolls on the running surface B, and the working machine A including the machine frame 11 can move back and forth. When configured as a self-propelled type, the grip portion 22 may have an accelerator lever 23 for turning the rotation of the drive source on and off, and a shift lever 24 for adjusting the rotation direction and rotation speed of the drive source. The work machine A can be self-propelled by simply operating the accelerator lever 23 and the shift lever 24.
[0019] A first fulcrum 25 is provided on one end of the machine frame 11, which is the operator's side, and enables the handle 21 to be turned in the vertical direction around the left and right axis relative to the traveling direction. The lower end of the handle 21 is connected to the machine frame 11 by a first fulcrum portion 25. The first fulcrum portion 25 allows the upper end side of the handle 21 to swing back and forth or up and down.
[0020] A second fulcrum 26 is provided at the other end of the machine frame 11, that is, at the front position. A second fulcrum portion 26 (fulcrum portion) located on the other end side, which is the front portion of the machine frame 11, enables a working unit 31 located in front of the working machine A to rotate up and down about an axis on the left and right with respect to the traveling direction. The working unit 31 is connected to the second supporting point unit 26 and has a link unit that connects the arm unit 32 and the bucket unit 33 .
[0021] A working section 31 is provided at the other end of the machine frame 11, which is the front side. The working unit 31 has, in order of connection from the second fulcrum 26, an arm unit 32, a link unit 41, and a bucket unit 33. The arm unit 32 is L-shaped in a side view. The arm unit 32 is rotatable about the second fulcrum 26 in the vertical direction.
[0022] A first link connecting portion 44 is provided at the front end portion, which is one end side, of the arm portion 32. A second link connecting portion 45 is provided at the rear portion of the bucket portion 33 located in front of the arm portion 32. Working unit 31 is made up of arm unit 32 and bucket unit 33 arranged at the front end, which is one end side, of arm unit 32. Bucket unit 33 is capable of pushing object W and scooping up object W, as shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, arm unit 32 and bucket unit 33 are connected by link unit 41, which will be described later.
[0023] A connecting portion 51 is provided. In this embodiment of the present invention, the connecting portion 51 is made of a rod member. The connecting portion 51 connects the arm portion 32 and the handle 21, connects the other end side of the arm portion 32 located near the second fulcrum portion 26 to the middle portion of the handle 21, and connects the handle 21 to the working portion 31. By connecting the arm unit 32 and the handle 21 with the connecting unit 51, the arm unit 32 which rotates up and down around the second fulcrum 26 and the handle 21 which rotates around the first fulcrum 25 are linked together. The connecting unit 51 links the rotational movement of the handle 21 around the first fulcrum 25 to the rotational movement of the working unit 31 around the second fulcrum 26. The handle 21 and the working unit 31 swing together via the connecting part 51. In the embodiment, the handle 21 and the working unit 31 swing together in the same direction. In other words, when the upper end of the handle 21 is tilted downward toward the rear side, the working unit 31 rises, and when the upper end of the handle 21 is raised forward toward the front side, the working unit 31 descends.
[0024] A dump guide 52 is made of a rod-shaped member and is fixed to the front end of the machine frame 11 so as to face horizontally to the left and right in the traveling direction. The dump guide 52 is located near the second fulcrum portion 26, and is located above the guide pin 61 when the working unit 31 is in the grounded state. The guide pin 61 is a member that is provided on the upper part of the bucket unit 33 and protrudes toward the rear. Details of the guide pin 61 will be described later. The dump guide 52 protrudes to either the left or right side of the machine frame 11, and protrudes laterally beyond the rear end of the guide pin 61. In the case of the embodiment of the present invention, it protrudes to the right in the traveling direction, as shown in Figures 2, 3, and 6 to 10.
[0025] Reference numeral 41 denotes a link portion. Reference numeral 44 denotes a first link connecting portion. Reference numeral 45 denotes a second link connecting portion. Link portion 41 is composed of two link pieces, a first link 42 and a second link 43. In this embodiment, first link 42 is arranged side by side on the right side in the traveling direction, and second link 43 is arranged side by side on the left side in the traveling direction. Link portion 41 is provided between arm portion 32 and bucket portion 33, thereby allowing bucket portion 33 to freely swing and tilt in the left-right direction with respect to arm portion 32 in the traveling direction. The first link 42 is attached to the working unit 31 at both ends.
[0026] The first link connecting portion 44 is provided at the front end of the arm portion 32. As shown in Figures 8 to 10 and the like, the first link 42 and the second link 43 are arranged side by side on the left and right in the traveling direction, and the upper portion of each link is connected to the first link connecting portion 44 so as to be freely swingable in the left and right direction. The second link connecting portion 45 is provided at the rear of the bucket portion located in front of the arm portion 32 and below the first link connecting portion 44. As shown in Figures 8 to 10, the second link connecting portion 45 connects the lower portions of the first link 42 and the second link 43 which are pivotable left and right relative to the first link connecting portion 44. The link portion 41 is connected to a first link connecting portion 44 that spans the front ends of the pair of left and right arm portions 32 .
[0027] The arm portion 32 rotates in the vertical direction about the second fulcrum portion 26. The upper end portion of the first link 42 is connected to a first link connecting portion 44, and the first link 42 hangs down from the first link connecting portion 44. Similarly, the upper end of the second link 43 is connected to the first link connecting portion 44 , and the second link 43 hangs down from the first link connecting portion 44 . The lower ends of first link 42 and second link 43 are connected to second link connecting portion 45 located at the rear lower portion of bucket portion 33 so as to be swingable left and right in the traveling direction. Bucket portion 33 is in a state in which its lower portion is suspended by link portion 41, and bucket portion 33 is configured to be swingable left and right in the traveling direction and incline freely relative to arm portion 32. The bucket portion 33 is supported by the link portion 41 so as to be swingable in the left and right directions relative to the traveling direction relative to the arm portion 32 .
[0028] Link portion 41 connects arm portion 32 and bucket portion 33, allowing bucket portion 33 to swing left and right in the traveling direction, and also allowing bucket portion 33 to be tilted with respect to the traveling direction as shown in Figures 9 and 10. First link 42 and second link 42 are disposed at an incline so as to approach each other from top to bottom, as shown in Figure 8. Link unit 41 has two links, a first link 42 and a second link 43, whose upper ends are connected to a first link connecting unit 44 located at the tip of arm unit 32 using a front-to-rear axis as a fulcrum, and whose lower ends are provided so as to be freely rotatable in the left-right direction. The lower ends of first link 42 and second link 43 are each connected to a second link connecting unit 45 located at the rear lower end of bucket unit 33 using a front-to-rear axis parallel to the upper ends as a fulcrum. Bucket unit 33 is connected to arm unit 32 in a manner such that the lower end side of bucket unit 33 is suspended from the tip of arm unit 32.
[0029] The link portion 41 forms a four-joint link and connects the arm portion 32 and the bucket portion 33. Comparing the distance between the upper ends of the link pieces on the arm portion 32 side with the distance between the lower ends of the link pieces on the bucket portion 33 side, the former distance is set larger. This configuration of the link portion 41 allows the bucket portion 33 to swing left and right in the traveling direction, and the degree to which the left and right ends of the bucket portion 33 are tilted up and down with respect to the traveling direction can be increased as the bucket portion 33 swings to the left or right. In the embodiment, the bucket portion is configured to be tilted more as the bucket portion 33 swings to the right in the traveling direction, so that the right end of the bucket portion 33 is lowered downward relative to the left end.
[0030] Reference numeral 63 denotes a restriction pin. The restriction pin 63 is a rod-shaped member that is positioned rearward from the center of the upper portion of the bucket portion 33 and is fixed integrally with the bucket portion 33. The bucket unit 33 is provided with a restricting pin 63 extending from the bucket unit 33 toward the guide plate 64 when the working unit 31 is rotated downward. The restricting pin 63 restricts the swinging of the bucket unit 33 to the left and right in the traveling direction by being positioned between the guide plates 64, and releases the bucket unit 33 from the restriction by the guide plates 64 when the working unit 31 is rotated upward.
[0031] A guide plate 64 is made up of two plates, which are fixed to the ends of the machine frame 11 and are disposed opposite each other. A pair of guide plates 64 are provided facing each other so as to sandwich the regulating pin 63 from both the left and right sides in the traveling direction. As shown in Figures 6, 8 to 10, the guide plate 64 in this embodiment of the invention has a round bar that serves as a guide member 65 for the regulating pin 63 aligned along its front end. The restricting pin 63 is positioned between the pair of guide plates 64, thereby making it possible to prevent left-right swinging and up-down tilting of the left and right ends of the bucket portion 33. This prevention of swinging and tilting is released when the restricting pin 63 moves above the guide plates 64 as the bucket portion 33 rises and is no longer positioned between the pair of guide plates 64.
[0032] 1 and subsequent drawings, bucket unit 33 is provided at an end of arm unit 32 of working unit 31. Bucket unit 33 is capable of pushing object W and scooping up object W. 4 and 11, bucket portion 33 has a shape in a side view with a curved surface formed by curving the front surface of the center portion of the plate-like member in the vertical direction into a concave shape. The left and right side surfaces of bucket portion 33 in the traveling direction are open. The bucket portion 33 has a restriction pin 63 protruding rearward near the guide pin 61. The restriction pin 63 is fixed integrally with the bucket portion 33.
[0033] 34 denotes a scraper. As shown in Fig. 1 and subsequent drawings, the scraper 34 is provided at the lower tip of the bucket part 33 which is the front end part of the working part 31. A moving surface is provided on the surface of the scraper 34, which is a surface along which the object W can move. The moving surface is provided so as to be rotatable by the second fulcrum part 26 from a position facing diagonally upward and forward to a position facing diagonally upward and backward. When the working unit 31 is lowered, the scraper 34 can be brought into contact with the traveling surface B, and the front end of the scraper 34 can be positioned between the traveling surface B on which the scraper 34 travels and an object W present on the traveling surface B.
[0034] Reference numeral 61 denotes a guide pin. The guide pin 61 is fixed to the upper part of the bucket part 33 of the working part 31 as shown in Figures 8 to 10 and others. In the embodiment, the guide pin 61 protrudes rearward from the upper part of the bucket part 33, and a pair of bifurcated pins are provided symmetrically on the left and right with respect to the traveling direction. As the working unit 31 is raised, the guide pins 61 rise relative to the dump guides 52, and eventually one of the guide pins 61 comes into contact with the dump guide 52. At this time, the restricting pin 63, which was positioned between the guide plates 64 until the working unit 31 was partway raised, is positioned above the guide plates 64, and the blocked state of the left-right swing of the bucket unit 33 and the up-down tilting of the left and right ends is released. As shown in Figures 4 and 8, guide pin 61 fixed to working unit 31 rises as working unit 31 rises, and when it reaches a certain raised position, it comes into contact with dump guide 52 fixed to machine frame 11. If working unit 31 is further raised after guide pin 61 comes into contact with dump guide 52, the bucket unit 33 on the side with which dump guide 52 comes into contact is prevented from rising due to continued contact between guide pin 61 and dump guide 52, as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10. In this embodiment of the present invention, the bucket unit 33 of working unit 31 on the right side in the traveling direction is prevented from rising.
[0035] On the side where the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 are not in contact with each other, the bucket section 33 on the left side in the traveling direction is not prevented from rising as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10. Therefore, when the working section 31 is raised in a state where the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 are in contact with each other, the bucket section 33 supported by the link section 41 has its right end in the traveling direction, which is the side where the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 are in contact with each other, tilted downward as shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10, and starts to swing to the right in the traveling direction on the side where the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 are in contact with each other. During the elevation of the working section 31 in a state where the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 are in contact with each other, the guide pin 61 moves in the left-right width direction with respect to the dump guide 52 in the traveling direction while maintaining contact with each other.
[0036] 8 to 10 denotes a bracket 62. The bracket 62 is formed on the upper part of the bucket part so as to cover the upper part to the rear of the first link connecting part 44 in a side view, and protects the first link connecting part 44 and the upper part of the link part 41. A guide pin 61 and a restriction pin 63 are provided on a bracket 62 formed on the upper part of the bucket unit 33. The guide pin 61 is made of a rod-shaped member, with the rear end protruding slightly rearward and slightly to the left and right. In the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the guide pin 61 protrudes in a bifurcated shape, slightly rearward and slightly to the left and slightly rearward and slightly to the right. The guide pin 61 is fixed integrally to the bucket unit 33, and therefore rises and falls as the working unit 31 rises and falls. The guide pin 61 is provided on the bucket portion 33, and when the working unit 31 swings upward, the guide pin 61 comes into contact with the dump guide 52, thereby forcibly tilting the bucket portion 33.
[0037] The positional relationship between the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 will be described. 1 and 11, l1 is the distance from the second fulcrum portion 26 to the tip of the guide pin 61. In Figs. 1 and 11, l2 is the distance from the second fulcrum portion 26 to the dump guide 52. When the second fulcrum portion 26 in a side view is used as a reference, as shown in Fig. 1 and subsequent drawings, the distance l2 from the second fulcrum portion 26 to the dump guide 52 is set to be longer than the distance l1 from the second fulcrum portion 26 to the rear end of the guide pin 61. In other words, the turning radius of the rear end portion of the guide pin 61 integrated with the working unit 31 which turns up and down about the second fulcrum portion 26 is located closer to the second fulcrum portion 26 than the dump guide 52. This means that when the working unit 31 turns up and down about the second fulcrum portion 26, the rear end portion of the guide pin 61 will eventually come into contact with the dump guide 52.
[0038] By raising the working unit 31, the guide pin 61 comes into contact with the dump guide 52 as shown in Figures 9 and 10, and by further raising the working unit 31, the bucket unit can be tilted to the right in the direction of travel. Even if the lifting of the working part 31 is stopped midway after the bucket part 33 swings or tilts, the dump guide 52 is located above the guide pin 61 and regulates the lifting of the guide pin 61, so that the bucket part 33 can be prevented from returning to its original position.
[0039] The instantaneous center o shown in Fig. 8 is the instantaneous center. The instantaneous center o is the center of rotation that determines the tilt of the bucket unit 33, which is the working unit 31. When the bucket unit 33 swings by the first link 42 and the second link 43, the bucket unit 33 rotates about the instantaneous center o, which is the virtual center formed by the first link 42 and the second link 43. Fig. 8 shows the moment when the guide pin 61 comes into contact with the dump guide 52, and the tilting movement of the bucket unit 33 around the instantaneous center o has not yet started.
[0040] 8, the instantaneous center o is the intersection of imaginary lines connecting first link connection part 44 and second link connection part 45 via first link 42 and second link 43. The instantaneous center, which is the rotation center of the inclination of bucket part 33, changes its relative position with respect to bucket part 33 depending on the inclination position and swing position of bucket part 33. When the working unit 31 is raised, the trigger for the swinging or tilting of the bucket unit 33 is generated by contact between the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52. Thereafter, the swinging or tilting movement is generated by the link mechanism formed by the first link 42 and the second link 43. The bucket unit 33 rotates around the instantaneous center o, which is the center of rotation that is a virtual point formed by the first link 42 and the second link 43. The instantaneous center o shown in Figure 8 is located below the left-right center of the bucket unit 33 in the traveling direction. Then, when the working unit 31 is further raised, the instant center o moves to the right and upward in the relative traveling direction relative to the bucket unit 33, approaching the second link connection part, as shown in Fig. 9. While the working unit 31 is being raised, the bucket unit 33 swings laterally by the first link 42 and the second link 43, and tilts around the moving instant center o as an axis. As shown in Fig. 9, the instant center o located on the side of the bucket unit 33 allows the bucket unit 33 to tilt significantly in the left and right directions.
[0041] By further raising the working unit 31 from the state shown in FIG. 8, the second link connecting portion 45 is raised to the state shown in FIG. When the working unit 31 is further raised from the state shown in FIG. 9, the second link connection part 45 is further raised with respect to the first link connection part 44 as shown in FIG. 10, as compared with the state shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, and the bucket unit 33 swings laterally. Also, the bucket unit performs a tilting motion with the moving instantaneous center o as an axis. The instantaneous center o in FIG. 10 moves slightly to the right of the relative center of the bucket unit 33 and to the upper part of the second link connection part 45, as compared with FIG. 9. As shown in FIG. 10, the instantaneous center o located slightly in the center of the bucket unit 33 allows the bucket unit 33 at the rearmost part of the rise to perform a motion as if it were flipping over on the spot. This allows the bucket unit 33 to exert an action on the object W as if it were shaking the object W off the bucket unit 33.
[0042] In this embodiment, when working unit 31 is raised to the top, first link 42 rotates until the longitudinal direction of first link 42 reaches a position relatively below the bottom surface of second link connecting portion 45, as shown in FIG. However, it is sufficient that the inclination angle of the bucket portion 33 when swinging at the link portion 41 is large enough to allow the object W to slide down, and the first link 42 does not necessarily rotate in the opposite direction relative to the second link connection portion 45.
[0043] By configuring the lower distance to be smaller than the upper distance, which is the relative distance between the first link 42 and the second link 43 in the working state, the link portion 41 is formed so that, when the working unit 31 is raised, it bends in the reverse direction, or nearly in the reverse direction, as shown in FIG. 10, from the state shown in FIG. 8, through the state shown in FIG. 9. By configuring in this manner, the inclination angle of the bucket portion 33 can be increased as the bucket portion 33 moves to the end of its left-right swing, and the object W on the bucket portion 33 can be efficiently discharged to the side of the aircraft body.
[0044] Due to the configuration of the link portion 41, the tilt speed of the bucket portion 33 can be increased as the bucket portion 33 is positioned at the swing end. The bucket portion 33 swings sideways, and the object W on the bucket portion 33 positioned at the swing end can be ejected by being thrown down with force to the side of the aircraft body, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
[0045] The functions of the guide pin 61 and the dump guide 52 will now be described. 1, the front end of bucket unit 33 touches traveling surface B and moves forward, thereby scraping up objects W such as soil and sand into bucket unit 33. Thereafter, when arm unit 32 is rotated upward about second fulcrum unit 26 as an axis, link unit 41 and bucket unit 33 also rotate upward at the same time. Bucket unit 33 is restricted in its left-right movement relative to the traveling direction by guide plate 64 and restricting pin 63, so it does not swing or tilt left-right in the traveling direction relative to arm unit 32. Therefore, the tip of scraper 34 of bucket unit 33 rises parallel to traveling surface B or machine frame 11.
[0046] When the arm portion 32 continues to rotate upward, the rear end portion of the guide pin 61 fixed to the blade portion comes into contact with the dump guide 52. In this embodiment of the present invention, the right guide pin 61 comes into contact with the right side of the dump guide 52. When the arm portion 32 is further rotated upward, the restricting pin 63 appears from the upper end of the guide plate 64 in a side view, and the state in which the guide plate 64 and the restricting pin 63 prevent the bucket portion 33 from swinging left and right and tilting is released.
[0047] When arm portion 32 is further rotated to the upward direction, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, guide pin 61 is engaged by dump guide 52, so that the upward movement of the rear end portion of guide pin 61 is restricted. Also, bucket portion 33 to which guide pin 61 is fixed is allowed to swing left and right and tilt up and down by link portion 41. Therefore, when dump guide 52 forcibly presses down the rear end portion of guide pin 61, bucket portion 33 supported by link portion 41 starts to swing left and right, and the left and right ends start to swing up and down. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the bucket portion 33 is offset to the right in the traveling direction relative to the machine frame 11, and is inclined so that the right end of the bucket portion 33 is lower than the left end.
[0048] Therefore, the collected objects W on the bucket portion 33 slide down according to the inclination of the inclined bucket portion 33, as shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7. In addition, since either the left or right end of the bucket portion 33 on the side where the objects W slide down is offset to the left or right in the traveling direction, the objects W can be discharged to a position that does not block the traveling direction of the machine body 11. The illustrated bucket portion 33 is offset to the right in the traveling direction, and is provided so that the right end of the bucket portion 33 is lowered downward, but by providing the protruding direction of the dump guide 52 on the opposite side, that is, the left side, and bringing the other, left side guide pin 61 into contact with the dump guide 52, it is possible to offset the left side opposite to that shown in the example, and tilt the left end downward. After the object W has been discharged, the arm unit 32 is lowered, and the bucket unit 33 can be lowered while swinging and tilting to its original position by reversing the steps of raising the working unit described above.
[0049] In this embodiment of the present invention, by simply pressing down on the gripping portion 22, the worker can lift the object W loaded in the bucket portion 33 and discharge the object W to a position far to the side.
[0050] In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the loading of object W onto working unit 31 and the unloading of object W from working unit 31 are performed by an operator. However, the present invention can be implemented even without handle 21 operated by an operator. By simply connecting a drive source such as a cylinder or a motor directly to arm unit 32 or to connecting unit 51 or handle 21 connected to arm unit 32 and moving arm unit 32 up and down, bucket unit 33 can be swung left and right and tilted up and down. In other words, a mechanism for unloading object W can be configured by at least assisting the up and down movement of bucket unit 33 with a drive source, thereby simplifying the configuration of work machine A.
[0051] The functions of the scraper 34 and the bucket portion 33 will now be described. 1, as the scraper 34 advances, the object W is peeled off from the traveling surface B, and the object W peeled off from the traveling surface B is pushed onto the upper surface of the scraper 34 by an object W in front of the object W peeled off from the traveling surface B, which moves relatively. In this way, the object W such as soil or sand can be moved to the upper surface of the bucket unit 33 and scooped up.
[0052] The distance between the middle part of the handle 21 where the first fulcrum 25 and the connecting part 51 are connected and the distance between the second fulcrum 26 and the other end of the arm part 32 are set so that the former is larger. This allows the turning angle of the working part 31 to be larger than the turning angle of the handle 21 when the handle 21 swings. That is, the operator grasps the grip portion 22 and pushes down the handle 21 a short distance, thereby enabling the working unit 31 to swing upward significantly. In the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the operator pushes down the grip portion 22 at the upper end of the handle 21, thereby swinging the working unit 31 upward. The working unit 31 that swings upward can be positioned above the travel surface B.
[0053] A work operation using a working machine A, which is an embodiment to which the present invention is applied, will now be described. When an operator grasps the gripping portion 22 of the handle 21 and lifts the handle 21, the working part 31 descends. When the tip of the scraper 34 comes into contact with the traveling surface B, the descent of the working part 31 stops and the upward and forward rotation of the handle 21 is also restricted.
[0054] When the worker grips the gripping portion 22 and moves forward, the working machine A moves forward. Since the handle 21 is also restricted from rotating forward by the contact between the scraper 34 and the running surface B, as long as the worker grips the gripping portion 22 and moves the working machine A forward, the scraper 34 will maintain contact with the running surface B and move forward.
[0055] 1, when the scraper 34 advances while in contact with the traveling surface B, the tip of the scraper 34 enters between the traveling surface B and the object W positioned above it, and is able to peel off the object W from the traveling surface B. If the work machine A continues to advance further, the object W moves onto the upper surface of the scraper 34 by being pushed by the object W moving relatively from the front. If the work machine A continues to advance further, the object W moves onto the curved surface of the bucket portion 33 and is placed thereon.
[0056] After a desired amount has been placed on the curved surface of bucket portion 33, the worker stops moving forward and pushes down on gripper portion 22, causing working portion 31 to rotate upward about second fulcrum portion 26. Since working portion 31 rotates upward at a larger rotation angle than the rotation angle of handle 21 about first fulcrum portion 25, the worker can scoop up object W above traveling surface B without making large movements with gripper portion 22.
[0057] (Appendix 1) The bucket portion is capable of pushing an object or scooping up an object, The guide pin rises as the working unit rises and comes into contact with the dump guide, and when the working unit is further raised, the contact between the guide pin and the dump guide prevents the bucket portion of the working unit on the side with which the dump guide contacts from rising, but it is not said that the bucket portion on the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide do not contact is not prevented from rising. Therefore, when the working unit is raised in a state in which the guide pin and the dump guide are in contact, the bucket portion supported by the link portion tilts in the direction of travel toward the side where the guide pin and the dump guide contact, and swings toward the side where the guide pin and the dump guide contact. 5. A work machine according to claim 1, wherein the work machine is a work machine having a first and second shaft.
[0058] (Appendix 2) a working unit provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction around a fulcrum located at an end of the machine frame; The working unit includes an arm unit that is rotatable in the vertical direction around the fulcrum unit; a bucket portion located at an end of the arm portion and configured to scoop up an object; a link portion that connects the arm portion and the bucket portion, and allows the bucket portion to swing left and right in the traveling direction and tilt the bucket portion with respect to the traveling direction, a dump guide fixed to an end of the machine frame and located in the vicinity of the fulcrum portion and protruding to either the left or right side; a guide pin that is provided in the bucket portion and that forcibly tilts the bucket portion by contacting the dump guide when the working portion swings upward, The guide pin rises as the working unit rises and comes into contact with the dump guide, and when the working unit is further raised, the contact between the guide pin and the dump guide prevents the bucket unit on the side with which the dump guide comes into contact from rising, and does not prevent the bucket unit on the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide do not come into contact from rising. A work machine characterized by:
[0059] (Appendix 3) When the working unit is raised in a state in which the guide pin and the dump guide are in contact with each other, the bucket unit tilts in the travel direction toward the side where the guide pin and the dump guide are in contact with each other and swings toward the side where the guide pin and the dump guide are in contact with each other. 6. The work machine according to claim 5, [Explanation of symbols]
[0060] 11 machine frame 21 Handle 25 First Support 26 Second Support 31 Working Section 32 Arm section 33 Bucket section 34 Scraper 26 Second Support 41 Link section 42 First link 43 Second Link 51 Connecting part 52 Dump Guide 61 Guide pin A Work equipment W object
Claims
1. a working unit provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction around a fulcrum located at an end of the machine frame; The working unit includes an arm unit that is rotatable in the vertical direction around the fulcrum unit; a bucket portion located at an end of the arm portion and configured to scoop up an object; a link portion that connects the arm portion and the bucket portion, and allows the bucket portion to swing left and right in a traveling direction and tilt the bucket portion with respect to the traveling direction; Equipped with a dump guide fixed to an end of the machine frame and located in the vicinity of the fulcrum portion and protruding to either the left or right side; A guide pin provided in the bucket portion; Equipped with the guide pin is installed so as to have a side which rises with the rise of the working unit and comes into contact with the dump guide, and a side which does not come into contact with the dump guide; The guide pin rises as the working unit rises and comes into contact with the dump guide, and when the working unit is further raised, the bucket portion of the working unit on the side with which the dump guide comes into contact is prevented from rising, while the bucket portion on the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide do not come into contact is not prevented from rising, so that the bucket portion supported by the link portion tilts in the direction of travel toward the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide come into contact and swings toward the side with which the guide pin and the dump guide come into contact. A work machine characterized by:
2. guide plates fixed to the ends of the machine frame and arranged opposite to each other; a restriction pin that is provided from the bucket portion toward the guide plate when the working unit is rotated downward and is positioned between the guide plates to restrict swinging of the bucket portion to the left and right in the traveling direction; The working machine according to claim 1, further comprising:
3. The link portion is composed of a first link and a second link, and the first link and the second link are disposed at an incline relative to each other.
3. A work machine according to claim 1 or 2.
Citation Information
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