Rammed Earth Blocks

Abstract

To provide a rammed earth block that can be reliably molded into a desired shape when it is rammed, and that does not easily collapse during construction, even when, for example, rammed earth walls are constructed.SOLUTION: A cubic rammed earth block is made by compacting a material mainly composed of soil in a formwork, the material being composed of 10 to 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of sand, 100 parts of soil, and 20 to 35 parts of water. The binder is a magnesium-based solidifying material. The soil has a particle size of 15 mm or less and is collected from the local soil where the rammed earth block is installed. Inside the rammed earth block, reinforcing material is placed horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The reinforcing material is rough rope made of natural materials.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention relates to a rammed earth block manufactured using a conventionally known construction method, capable of constructing a tall earthen wall, which is useful for constructing an easy-to-construct rammed earth wall, and which allows the reuse of earthen materials. [Background technology]

[0002] Rammed earth walls have long been known to be constructed, and are often seen in the construction of walls for temples and shrines. This method involves pouring earth into a formwork and compacting it layer by layer at appropriate heights, and repeating this process for multiple layers. However, when constructing walls using rammed earth, there are fundamental problems, such as the total weight being heavy and the structural instability of compacting the earth making it difficult to build high, and so rammed earth is rarely used today. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-087017 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes a non-cementitious solidification material that does not contain cement, and an earth structure that uses this material. However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the non-cementitious solidification material is mixed with soil and molded into blocks, and the blocks themselves are not manufactured by the tamped earth construction method.

[0005] To provide a rammed earth block, the block itself being formed by tamping, which can be reliably formed into a desired shape when tamped down, and which will not easily crumble during construction, for example, when constructing a rammed earth wall. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a cubic rammed earth block made by compacting a material mainly consisting of soil in a formwork, the material being composed of 10-15 parts of binder, 30 parts of sand, 100 parts of soil, and 20-35 parts of water. All of the materials used in these materials are basically natural materials, and can be easily reused. In addition, since a magnesium-based solidifying agent is used as the binder, it is relatively easy to obtain.

[0007] The soil used in this invention has a particle size of 15 mm or less and is collected from the local soil where the rammed earth blocks will be installed. This means that locally produced materials from all over the country are used as materials at the construction site, which is environmentally friendly and allows the construction to blend in with the local atmosphere in terms of scenery.

[0008] Furthermore, reinforcing materials are arranged horizontally inside the rammed earth block in the longitudinal direction. This arrangement of reinforcing materials makes it possible to resist bending and tensile stresses on the material that composes the rammed earth block. In the method of using rough rope as reinforcing material, not only the material of the rammed earth block but all of the components are made of natural materials, which is preferable from the perspective of environmental hygiene. Effect of the Invention

[0009] Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the rammed earth block itself has excellent wettability, heat insulation, and deodorization properties, and when used indoors, it improves the air environment and provides a comfortable space. In addition, because of its high heat insulation properties, it can reduce power consumption even when air conditioning, and contribute to energy conservation and a low-carbon society. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a rammed earth block of the present invention. [Diagram 2] Front view of a rammed earth wall constructed using the rammed earth blocks of the present invention [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a front view showing a framework structure for stacking rammed earth blocks. [Figure 4] Cross-sectional diagram showing the relationship between the rammed earth block and the core material DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rammed earth block 1 of the present invention, which has an overall shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, with recesses 2 and 2 formed on both short sides. This rammed earth block 1 is manufactured by pouring soil into a formwork (not shown) and tamping it down. Therefore, the overall shape is not limited to this embodiment, and can be appropriately selected according to the shape of the formwork, such as a cube or a trapezoid in cross section. 3 is a reinforcing material arranged along the longitudinal direction inside the cross section, and is intended to resist bending stress, tensile stress, and the like. The material of the reinforcing material is not particularly limited in terms of its function, but if the rammed earth block 1 of this embodiment is made of a material that can be crushed and returned to the soil when it is discarded after its use, it is preferable to use a rough rope, which is also a natural material.

[0012] As an example of the material of the rammed earth block 1 excluding the reinforcing material 3, fine aggregate sand for concrete is mixed with the soil of the site where the rammed earth construction is performed, and a magnesium-based solidifying material is mixed and water supply and sewerage, groundwater, industrial water, river water, etc. are added. As an example of the mixture ratio, 10 to 15 parts of binder, 30 parts of sand, 100 parts of soil collected from the ground, and 20 to 35 parts of water are mixed to create the material of the rammed earth block 1. The amounts of binder, sand, and soil are in the dry state. There is no particular restriction on the particle size of the soil, but it is preferable to use one with a particle size of 15 mm or less and a clay content of 15% or more. The soil and sand ratio is set to 100:30 in order to ensure the amount of soil collected from the local soil to be used and to match the local atmosphere. In addition, this ratio is set in order to adjust the particle size to be appropriate for the solidification of the soil, and to increase the dimensional stability of the soil (preventing deformation due to drying) associated with the solidification of the soil. Although these materials will be treated as industrial waste, they can be crushed and reused after their intended use. The rough rope used as reinforcement can also be treated as normal waste. This helps to reduce the amount of industrial waste generated.

[0013] The range of binder and water mixture is set to accommodate differences in soil particle size, moisture state, and soil components, and is determined appropriately according to the properties of the local soil. By adjusting the ratio and amount of water and binder according to the soil's moisture content within this range, soil can be solidified regardless of the type of soil.

[0014] Next, the procedure for manufacturing the rammed earth block is to knead the materials to be used in the blocks until they are uniform with an electric mixer. The mixture is put into a mold up to the first stage 1a in FIG. 1, and then tamped with a hammer or the like to form the block. Then, reinforcing materials 3 such as rough ropes are placed on the upper side of the first stage, and the materials of the second stage 1b are put in and tamped in the same way, and reinforcing materials 3 are placed on top of that. Next, the materials of the third stage 1c are put in and tamped in the same way to arrange the overall shape and then solidify. Tamping can be done manually or with an electric hammer drill or the like. After about an hour has passed since the completion of tamping, when the whole block has stabilized, it is removed from the mold and dried. Drying can be done naturally or by blowing air in a heated atmosphere, but it is preferable to allow the drying process to take an appropriate amount of time in order to dry the inside to a certain extent. In this embodiment, the rammed earth block is manufactured in three stages, with reinforcing material 3 being placed between the first stage 1a and the second stage 1b, and between the second stage 1b and the third stage 1c. However, if the adhesion of the rough rope serving as reinforcing material 3 to the material can be ensured and the block as a whole can be sufficiently compacted, it is also possible to place the rough rope in the middle of the process while the material is being added, and then compact the whole block in the final stage.

[0015] FIG. 2 shows an example of a rammed earth wall using the rammed earth blocks of this embodiment. The rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked with joints (imo-joints) to create a rammed earth wall 4. 5-5 are frame bodies provided on both sides. The figure shows 19 layers of rammed earth blocks 1 stacked. In this embodiment, the rammed earth blocks 1 are not simply stacked, but a framework structure is adopted so that they do not collapse when stacked. FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a framework structure, in which multiple core materials 6 are erected at equal intervals between the framework bodies 5-5. The specific configuration of the core material 6 does not need to be particularly limited, and the purpose is to prevent the rammed earth blocks 1 from collapsing when stacked. However, the core material 6 used in this embodiment is preferably a configuration in which the web parts of a U-shaped metal plate 7 in a plan view are integrated into a pair of two back-to-back pieces as shown in FIG. The metal plate 7 can be obtained by drawing aluminum or the like. The material of the metal plate 7 is not limited to aluminum, and may be a channel-shaped steel plate. What is required of the metal plate 7 is to make it easy to stack the rammed earth blocks 1 by forming a framework structure and to prevent collapse, and there are no particular requirements as long as it satisfies these requirements. However, a material that has good adhesion to mortar is preferable.

[0016] Next, the procedure for constructing the rammed earth wall 4 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the core material 6 is erected at equal intervals between the frames 5. Only one metal plate 7 is erected on each side of the core material 6, and two metal plates 7 are erected back-to-back in the middle as shown in FIG. 4. Next, the rammed earth blocks 1 are installed in a row so as to be inserted between the core materials 6, and stacked, for example, in three rows as one unit. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the space formed by the recesses 3 of the adjacent rammed earth blocks 1 is filled with mortar 8. The mortar 8 functions to reliably position the rammed earth blocks 1 relative to the core material 6. Furthermore, the rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked on top of them in the same process, and the mortar 8 is filled to raise the rammed earth wall 4 to the planned height. The rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked based on the core material 6 and are installed on the core material 6 via the mortar 8, so they are stable, and there is no particular need to fix the upper and lower rammed earth blocks with joint materials. [Explanation of symbols]

[0017] 1 Rammed Earth Block 2 Recess 3 Reinforcement 4 Rammed earth wall 6 Core material 7 metal plate 8. Mortar

Claims

1. A rammed earth block made by compacting a material mainly made of soil within a formwork, The method includes the steps of: The rammed earth block is characterized in that the binder is 10 to 15 parts by mass and the sand is 30 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the soil.

2. A rammed earth block as described in claim 1, wherein the binder is a magnesium-based solidifying material.

3. A rammed earth block as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil has a particle size of 15 mm or less and is soil collected from the local soil where the rammed earth block is to be installed.

4. A rammed earth block as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, having reinforcing material arranged inside the rammed earth block along the longitudinal direction.

5. A rammed earth block as described in claim 4, wherein the reinforcing material is a rough rope made of natural materials.

6. A composition for use in making rammed earth blocks formed by compacting a material mainly consisting of soil within a formwork, said composition comprising: A composition for rammed earth blocks comprising 10 to 15 parts by weight of binder, 30 parts by weight of sand, and 20 to 35 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of soil.

7. A material is prepared by mixing a composition containing 100 parts by mass of soil, 10 to 15 parts by mass of binder, 30 parts by mass of sand, and 20 to 35 parts by mass of water, The material is compacted in a mold to form it. This is a method for producing rammed earth blocks, which involves molding, releasing the mold and drying the blocks to produce rammed earth blocks.

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