Rammed earth wall and construction method thereof

Abstract

To provide a rammed earth wall that does not easily collapse due to shaking from earthquakes and other tremors, and a construction method for constructing this wall.SOLUTION: A rammed earth wall of the invention consists of cubic rammed earth blocks made by compacting soil and core members erected at regular intervals, and the rammed earth blocks are stacked between the core members. The core members are erected at intervals of the longitudinal width of the rammed earth blocks. As the core material, web portions of metal plates with an U-shaped cross section were arranged back to back. The rammed earth block has a recess on the short side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This invention relates to a rammed earth wall with high workability that improves on the rammed earth wall constructed by the conventionally known rammed earth construction method and enables the construction of a tall earthen wall, and to a construction method thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] Rammed earth walls have long been known to be constructed, and are often seen in the construction of walls for temples and shrines. This method involves pouring earth into a formwork and compacting it layer by layer at appropriate heights, and repeating this process for multiple layers. However, when constructing walls using rammed earth, there are fundamental problems, such as the total weight being heavy and the structural instability of compacting the earth making it difficult to build high, and so rammed earth is rarely used today. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-087017 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes a rammed earth wall, as shown in Figure 5. This wall structure is made by piling up pre-prepared masonry blocks. The gaps between each block are filled with joint material to construct the wall. However, this type of structure has the problem that when blocks are stacked in multiple layers, each block is only joined by joint material, making it vulnerable to shaking caused by earthquakes and the like.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a rammed earth wall that can be constructed by precisely stacking blocks made of rammed earth in multiple layers and will not easily collapse even when subjected to shaking such as an earthquake, and a construction method for constructing the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a rammed earth wall is constructed by stacking rammed earth blocks between cubic rammed earth blocks made by compacting soil and core materials set up at equal intervals. Here, the core materials are set up at intervals equal to the longitudinal width of the rammed earth blocks. The core materials are structured by placing the web parts of metal plates with a U-shaped cross section back to back. The rammed earth blocks are formed with recesses on their short sides in consideration of the fit with the core materials. As a result, even if rammed earth blocks obtained by compacting soil, which have relatively low strength and are prone to crumbling, are stacked upward, the strength of the entire block can be guaranteed because both sides of the rammed earth blocks are held by the core materials.

[0007] In addition, by setting up a core material between the recesses of adjacent rammed earth blocks and filling the space formed by the opposing recesses with mortar, the rammed earth blocks become one with the set up core material, and the entire wall surface is integrated.

[0008] Furthermore, by using the web portions of metal plates with a U-shaped cross section as core material, placing these core materials back to back and erecting them at equal intervals across the longitudinal width of the rammed earth block, stacking rammed earth blocks with recesses formed on their short sides between these equally spaced core materials, and then filling the spaces with mortar with the core materials positioned between the recesses, the rammed earth blocks can be easily stacked between the core materials, improving workability. Effect of the Invention

[0009] In the present invention, the above-mentioned configuration is adopted, so that a rammed earth block wall can be easily constructed and even rammed earth blocks which are prone to collapse can be prevented from collapsing under their own weight. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] Front view showing rammed earth blocks stacked with through joints [Diagram 2] Front view showing the framework for stacking rammed earth blocks [Diagram 3] Cross-sectional diagram showing the relationship between the rammed earth block and the core material [Figure 4] Cross-section showing another relationship between the rammed earth block and the core material [Diagram 5] A perspective view showing the rammed earth block body. [Figure 6] Front view showing rammed earth blocks stacked with break joints [Figure 7] Cross-sectional view showing an example of a rammed earth block applied to a break joint [Figure 8] A cross-sectional view showing an example of another rammed earth block. [Figure 9] Cross-sectional diagram of rammed earth blocks stacked with joint material applied to the broken joints DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state where rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked, and a rammed earth wall 2 is created by stacking the rammed earth blocks 1 with through joints (imoji). 3-3 are frameworks provided on both sides. The figure shows a state where 19 layers of rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked. In this embodiment, the rammed earth blocks 1 are not simply stacked, but a framework structure is adopted so that they will not collapse when stacked. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a framework structure, and multiple core members 4 are erected at equal intervals between the framework members 3-3. The specific configuration of the core member 4 does not need to be particularly limited, and the purpose is to prevent the rammed earth blocks 1 from collapsing when stacked. However, as the core member 4 used in this embodiment, a configuration in which the web portions of a U-shaped metal plate 5 in a plan view are integrated into a pair of metal plates 5 back to back as shown in FIG. 3 is preferable. The metal plate 5 can be obtained by drawing aluminum or the like. The material of the metal plate 5 is not limited to aluminum, and may be a channel-shaped steel plate. What is required of the metal plate 5 is that it should facilitate stacking of the rammed earth blocks 1 by forming a framework structure and prevent collapse, and there are no particular requirements as long as it satisfies these requirements. However, a material that adheres well to mortar is preferable. As shown in Figure 4, only one metal plate 5 is used on each side of the core material 4 that comes into contact with the frame 3.

[0012] Next, a preferred form of the rammed earth block 1 will be explained. Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the main body of the rammed earth block 1, which is a cube as a whole, with arc-shaped recesses 6, 6 formed on both longitudinal sides, i.e., on the short sides. The rammed earth block 1 is obtained by pouring soil into a formwork (not shown) and tamping it hard, and uses only natural materials without using cement as the raw material. Therefore, it is possible to reuse it as rammed earth block material by removing the completed wall surface and other facilities, recovering the rammed earth block 1, and then crushing it.

[0013] Next, the procedure for constructing the rammed earth wall 2 will be explained. First, as shown in Figure 2, the core material 4 is erected at equal intervals between the frames 3 and 3. The core material 4 has only one metal plate 5 erected on each side, and two metal plates 5 erected back to back in the middle. Next, the rammed earth blocks 1 are installed in a row so that they are inserted between the core materials 4, and stacked, for example, in three rows as one unit. Then, as shown in Figure 3, the space formed by the recesses 6 and 6 of the adjacent rammed earth blocks 1 and 1 is filled with mortar 7. The mortar 7 functions to reliably position the rammed earth blocks 1 relative to the core material 4. Furthermore, the rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked on top of them in the same process, and the mortar 7 is filled in to raise the rammed earth wall 2 to the planned height. The rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked based on the core material 4 and are installed relative to the core material 4 via the mortar 7, so they are stable, and there is no particular need to fix the upper and lower rammed earth blocks with joint materials.

[0014] In the above embodiment, the rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked one by one facing upward between the upright core materials 4, but if the height of the rammed earth wall 2 is to be kept low, two rammed earth blocks 1·1 can be placed side by side between adjacent core materials 4 and only one side of each rammed earth block can be restrained by the core material 4.

[0015] In the above embodiment, the rammed earth blocks 1 are stacked with through joints, but it is also possible to construct a rammed earth wall with broken joints (horse joints). In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the core material 4 is placed in contact with or near the frame body 3-3, and the same metal plate 5 is placed back-to-back in the middle. The rammed earth blocks 1 are different in shape from the rammed earth blocks 1 used in the through joints. The rammed earth blocks used in this embodiment are shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. The rammed earth block 8 in FIG. 7 has a basic shape of a rectangular parallelepiped like the rammed earth block shown in FIG. 5, but the arc-shaped recess 6 is only provided on one side. And a through hole 10 is formed that opens in the vertical direction and passes through the reinforcing steel bar 9. The rammed earth block 11 shown in FIG. 8 has a basic shape of a rectangular parallelepiped like the rammed earth block shown in FIG. 8, but does not have an arc-shaped recess, and has two through holes 10 formed in parallel.

[0016] To construct the above-mentioned rammed earth wall with the broken joints, first, the core material 4 is erected near and between the frame bodies 3-3 as described above. Next, the rammed earth block 8 shown in FIG. 7 is placed in the lowest row so that the recessed part of the rammed earth block 8 contacts the core material 4, and the rammed earth block 11 shown in FIG. 8 is arranged in the part not contacting the core material 4. Next, the rammed earth block 8 is stacked in a staggered manner so that half of the blocks overlap with the row of rammed earth blocks in the lower row. In this case, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the rammed earth block 8 in the lowest row is half the size in the horizontal direction. In this way, the rammed earth blocks are stacked up to the expected height in a staggered manner, and the reinforcing steel bars are inserted through the through holes 10. When the rammed earth blocks are stacked, the through holes 10 of the upper and lower rammed earth blocks are connected, so the reinforcing steel bars can be passed through to the lowest row. In a rammed earth wall constructed with broken joints, the rammed earth blocks that are not in contact with the core material 4 are connected by reinforcing bars 9, but since they are not restrained from each other, it is preferable to provide joint material 12 between the rammed earth blocks that are in contact above and below, as shown in Figure 9. [Explanation of symbols]

[0017] 1 Rammed Earth Block 2 Rammed earth wall 3 Frame 4 Core material 5 metal plate 6 Recess 7. Mortar 8 Rammed Earth Blocks 9 Reinforcing steel bars 10 through hole 11 Rammed Earth Blocks 12 Joint material

Claims

1. It is composed of multiple rammed earth blocks in the shape of cubes or rectangular parallelepipeds made by compacting soil, and multiple core materials set up at equal intervals. Each of the core materials is configured by placing two web portions of a metal plate having a U-shaped cross section back to back, Two adjacent core materials among the plurality of core materials are erected at an interval equal to the longitudinal width of the rammed earth block, A through-joint rammed earth wall, characterized in that a plurality of the rammed earth blocks are stacked between two adjacent core materials.

2. A rammed earth wall with through joints as described in claim 1, wherein each of the rammed earth blocks has a recess formed on its short side.

3. 3. A rammed earth wall with through joints as described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the core material is erected between the recesses of adjacent rammed earth blocks, and mortar is filled in the space formed by the adjacent recesses.

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