Concrete spreading device and concrete spreading method

Abstract

To suppress reduction in strength of concrete laid and leveled on a construction object road surface.SOLUTION: A concrete laying and leveling device 100 is provided with a frame 200, a traveling device 300 for traveling the frame 200, a first screed 400 and a second screed 500 attached to the frame 200, and a vibration device 600 attached to the first screed 400 positioned at the forefront in the traveling direction of the frame 200 out of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500. Here, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 extend in the left-right direction concerning the traveling direction of the frame 200 and are disposed at positions separated from each other in the traveling direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a concrete spreading device and a concrete spreading method. [Background technology]

[0002] A concrete spreading device for spreading and leveling concrete on a road surface to be worked on uses a screed extending in the left-right direction to spread and level the concrete on the road surface in one step, as described in JP 2014-62432 A (Patent Document 1). Here, in the concrete spreading device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the density of the concrete and improve the finish, the concrete is spread and leveled while operating a vibration device attached to the screed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-62432 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Concrete is produced by appropriately mixing mortar (cement) as the main component and aggregate (stone, crushed stone, sand, etc.). When this concrete is spread evenly on a road surface, the density of the concrete is improved by vibrating the screed. However, excessive vibration causes the mortar components contained in the concrete to float excessively to the surface. If the concrete hardens in this state, a mortar layer forms on the aggregate, reducing its strength and potentially making it impossible to obtain the required strength.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete spreading device and a concrete spreading method that can suppress a decrease in strength of the concrete spread and leveled on the road surface to be worked on. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The concrete leveling device includes a frame, a traveling device for traveling the frame, a plurality of screeds attached to the frame, and a vibration device attached to the screed located at the front end in the traveling direction of the frame. a finishing trowel mounted behind the plurality of screeds; The screeds extend in the left-right direction relative to the running direction of the frame and are arranged at positions spaced apart from each other in the running direction. The vibration device generates vibrations by an unbalanced weight that is rotated by an actuator. Furthermore, the finishing trowel extends parallel to the running direction of the frame and reciprocates left and right with respect to the running direction of the frame.

[0007] In addition, in a concrete spreading method, using a concrete spreading device configured as described above, the frame is moved by the traveling device, and concrete is spread and spread on the target road surface while operating a vibration device attached to the screed located at the forefront in the traveling direction of the frame, and then the concrete is further spread and spread on the target road surface by another screed. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, when concrete is spread evenly over a road surface to be worked on, it is possible to prevent mortar components contained in the concrete from floating to the surface, thereby preventing a decrease in the strength of the concrete. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a top view showing an example of a concrete spreading device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a concrete spreading device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of a concrete spreading device. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing an example of a finishing trowel. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the finishing trowel in a folded state. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the finishing trowel in an unfolded state. [Figure 7] 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for spreading concrete evenly. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a load acting on a finishing trowel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an example of a concrete spreading device 100 that spreads concrete evenly on a road surface to be worked on. The concrete spread evenly on a road surface to be worked on by the concrete spreading device 100 is produced by appropriately mixing mortar (cement) as the main component and aggregate (stone, crushed stone, sand, etc.), as well as water and a small amount of air bubbles. Note that the concrete may include heat-resistant concrete used on road surfaces exposed to high temperatures, such as runways.

[0011] The concrete leveling device 100 includes a frame 200, a traveling device 300 that travels the frame 200 in one direction (upward in the example shown in FIG. 1), and a first screed 400 and a second screed 500 attached to the frame 200. The first screed 400 and the second screed 500 extend in a left-right direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the frame 200. The first screed 400 is disposed in front of the second screed 500 with respect to the traveling direction of the frame 200. In addition to the above configuration, the concrete leveling device 100 includes two vibration devices 600 attached to two spaced apart positions of the first screed 400, which is located at the frontmost position in the traveling direction of the frame 200, of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500. Here, the number of vibration devices 600 attached to the first screed 400 is not limited to two, but may be any number suited to, for example, vibration characteristics, the width of the road surface to be worked on, etc. (same below).

[0012] The concrete leveling device 100 described below includes two screeds, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500, but may include three or more screeds. In this case, the vibration device 600 only needs to be attached to the screed located at the frontmost position in the traveling direction of the frame 200 among the multiple screeds.

[0013] The frame 200 is constructed by appropriately joining multiple steel pipes, and includes a main frame 220 having a rectangular skeleton when viewed from above, and a sub-frame 240 attached to the main frame 220 so as to be movable up and down.

[0014] The main frame 220 is composed of four vertical members 222 whose material axes extend in the up-down direction, two first cross members 224 whose material axes extend in the left-right direction, two second cross members 226 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction, two connecting supports 228 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction, four leg members 230 connected to the lower ends of the vertical members 222, two connecting bars 232 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction, and multiple, for example five, reinforcing members 234 whose material axes extend in the front-rear direction.

[0015] The vertical members 222 are made of two steel pipes whose length can be arbitrarily changed, and are arranged at the four corners of a rectangular framework in plan view. The first horizontal member 224 is arranged at a predetermined location in the middle of the vertical members 222 to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the left-right direction. The second horizontal member 226 is arranged at a predetermined location in the middle of the vertical members 222 to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the front-rear direction. The connecting support 228 is arranged at a predetermined location on the upper part of the vertical members 222 to connect the two vertical members 222 arranged along the front-rear direction. The leg member 230 is a box-shaped steel member that is rectangular in plan view with an open bottom, and is arranged at the lower end of the vertical member 222 with its long side extending in the front-rear direction. The connecting bar 232 is arranged at a predetermined location on the upper surface of the leg member 230 to connect the two leg members 230 arranged along the front-rear direction. The reinforcing members 234 are arranged at a plurality of spaced apart predetermined locations of the first lateral members 224 so as to connect two of the first lateral members 224 arranged along the front-rear direction.

[0016] The subframe 240 includes a first member 242 whose axis extends in the left-right direction, a second member 244 whose axis extends in the left-right direction and whose overall length is slightly longer than that of the first member 242, a plurality of cross members 246 whose axis extends in the front-rear direction and connects the first member 242 and the second member 244 at a plurality of spaced apart positions, and an oblique member 248 whose axis extends obliquely and connects one end of the first member 242 to one end of the second member 244 protruding from the first member 242 in the left-right direction. Here, the first member 242 is disposed in front of the second member 244 with respect to the traveling direction of the frame 200. In addition to the above configuration, the subframe 240 includes a rail member 250 that is integrated with the second member 244 located behind the traveling direction of the frame 200 and allows a finishing trowel 800 (described later) to slide in the left-right direction.

[0017] Subframe 240 is elastically suspended in a horizontal state from mainframe 220 via two suspension devices 260 with built-in springs that are attached to two spaced apart positions on mainframe 220. Here, suspension device 260 is not limited to one that elastically suspends an object to be suspended by a spring, and for example, an actuator consisting of an electric motor and a reducer, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. can also be used.

[0018] The traveling device 300 includes a crawler 320 arranged in the internal space of the leg member 230 of the frame 200, a traveling actuator 340 that drives the crawler 320, and a reducer 360 that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of the traveling actuator 340. The traveling actuator 340 is attached to a predetermined location of the leg member 230 of the frame 200 via the reducer 360. Note that the traveling device 300 is not limited to the crawler 320, and well-known means such as iron wheels or rubber wheels can also be used.

[0019] The first screed 400 and the second screed 500 are each attached to the subframe 240 via two support devices 700 (some not shown) attached to two positions spaced apart from each other on the subframe 240 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. The first screed 400 and the second screed 500 are reciprocated in the left-right direction in different phases from each other by a differential mechanism 720 attached to a predetermined location of the subframe 240, for example, the first member 242. Specifically, the differential mechanism 720 includes a differential actuator 722 such as an electric motor attached to the first member 242 of the subframe 240, a reducer 724 that reduces the rotation speed of the output shaft of the differential actuator 722, a disk member 726 fixed to the output shaft protruding from both side surfaces of the reducer 724, and a connecting member 728 that connects the peripheral portion of the disk member 726 to a predetermined location on the upper surface of the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 so as to be relatively rotatable. Here, by appropriately varying the connection points of the connection members 728 to the respective disk members 726, the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 reciprocate in the left-right direction in different phases from each other.

[0020] The vibration device 600 incorporates an unbalanced weight that is rotated by an actuator such as an electric motor, and generates vibrations of a predetermined frequency as the weight rotates. The vibration device 600 transmits the generated vibrations to the concrete supplied to the road surface via the first screed 400.

[0021] In addition to the frame 200, traveling device 300, first screed 400, second screed 500 and vibration device 600, the concrete spreading device 100 further comprises a finishing trowel 800 for increasing the evenness of the concrete spread and leveled on the road surface to be worked on by the first screed 400 and the second screed 500.

[0022] 3 and 4, finishing trowel 800 is attached to rail member 250 of subframe 240 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction, which is the extension direction of the rail member 250. Specifically, finishing trowel 800 is configured to include a support frame 810 having a rectangular shape in a plan view, a hanging frame 820 attached to the tip of support frame 810 so as to be relatively rotatable, trowel 830 attached to the lower end of hanging frame 820, and a height adjustment mechanism 840 that adjusts the height of trowel 830. Here, support frame 810 and hanging frame 820 are given as examples of mounting frames.

[0023] The base end of the support frame 810 is attached in a cantilevered state to the subframe 240 via a pair of upper and lower rollers 812 that sandwich and fix the upper and lower surfaces of the rail member 250. An actuator 814 such as an electric motor that generates a driving force for sliding the finishing trowel 800 in the left-right direction relative to the subframe 240 is attached to the upper surface of the base end of the support frame 810. A gear 816 that meshes with a rack 252 fixed to the upper surface of the subframe 240 via a reduction gear (not shown) is attached to the output shaft of the actuator 814. Therefore, when the actuator 814 is operated, the rotation speed of the output shaft is transmitted to the gear 816 while being reduced by the reduction gear, and the finishing trowel 800 can be slid left or right relative to the subframe 240 via the rack 252 that meshes with the gear 816.

[0024] Hanging frame 820 is attached to the tip of supporting frame 810 so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction.

[0025] Trowel 830 includes a trowel body 832 for finishing concrete that has been spread evenly on the road surface to be worked on, a pair of brackets 834 extending upward from two spaced apart positions on the top surface of trowel body 832, and linear first member 836 and second member 838 connected to pair of brackets 834 so as to be rotatable relative to each other about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. The tips of first member 836 and second member 838 are connected to be rotatable relative to each other about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction, and the connection point is connected to the lower end of hanging frame 820. Thus, trowel body 832 of finishing trowel 800 is fixed to frame 200 in a state in which it extends in the front-rear direction.

[0026] Furthermore, one of a pair of brackets 834 of trowel 830, for example the lower end of bracket 834 located at the front, is fixed in a state in which it cannot move in the front-rear direction relative to the upper surface of trowel body 832. On the other hand, the other of the pair of brackets 834 of trowel 830, for example the lower end of bracket 834 located at the rear, is fixed so as to be movable in the front-rear direction relative to the upper surface of trowel body 832. Therefore, when the distance between the connection point of trowel 830 to hanging frame 820 and the bottom surface of trowel body 832 changes, bracket 834 located at the rear is displaced relative to trowel body 832, changing the angle between first member 836 and second member 838, and the change in distance can be easily accommodated.

[0027] The height adjustment mechanism 840 includes a winch 842 attached to the tip of the support frame 810, a link member 844 bent in a "L-shape", a weight 846, and a roller 848. The bent portion of the link member 844 is attached to the support frame 810 via a mounting bracket 818 protruding upward from the upper surface near the tip of the support frame 810, with the bent portion positioned upward so as to be rotatable relative to the support frame 810 around a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. A weight 846 is attached to one end of the link member 844, specifically, the one end located at the front, so as to be rotatable relative to the rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. A roller 848 is attached to the other end of the link member 844, specifically, the other end located at the rear, so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction. The free end of the wire 842A wound around the winch 842 is connected to a predetermined location of the iron body 832 via the roller 848 of the link member 844.

[0028] Therefore, by operating winch 842 to change the length of wire 842A, the relative position of trowel body 832 with respect to support frame 810 changes, making it possible to adjust its height. At this time, as described above, the angle between first member 836 and second member 838 changes, making it possible to easily accommodate changes in the distance between the connection point of trowel 830 with hanging frame 820 and the bottom surface of trowel body 832.

[0029] Further, a reciprocating mechanism 850 is attached to a predetermined position on the lower part of support frame 810, which swings hanging frame 820 in the front-rear direction relative to the tip of support frame 810, and reciprocates trowel 830 in the front-rear direction relative to subframe 240. Reciprocating mechanism 850 is configured to include an actuator 852 such as an electric motor that generates a rotational driving force, a reducer 854 that reduces the rotational speed of the output shaft of actuator 852 and changes the rotational direction by 90°, a disc member 856 fixed to the output shaft of reducer 854, and a connecting rod 858 that connects a predetermined position on the periphery of disc member 856 and an intermediate part of hanging frame 820 so as to be relatively rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the left-right direction.

[0030] Therefore, when the actuator 852 is operated, the rotational driving force of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the disk member 856 via the reducer 854, and the disk member 856 rotates around the rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction. When the disk member 856 rotates, the position of the connecting rod 858 in the front-rear direction changes, and the hanging frame 820 is swung in the front-rear direction over a predetermined angle relative to the tip of the support frame 810. As a result, the position of the trowel 830 relative to the support frame 810 changes in the front-rear direction, and the concrete can be finished within a range exceeding the entire length of the trowel body 832. At this time, even if the position of the trowel 830 relative to the support frame 810 changes in the front-rear direction, the connecting angle of the first member 836 and the second member 838 relative to the lower end of the hanging frame 820 changes, so that the front-rear movement of the trowel body 832 can prevent the trowel body 832 from moving away from the surface of the concrete or being pressed against it more than necessary.

[0031] However, since the finishing trowel 800 extends vertically backward from the subframe 240 of the frame 200, there is a possibility that this may cause an obstacle to, for example, transportation of the concrete leveling device 100. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a known link mechanism or the like may be used to configure the finishing trowel 800 so that it can be folded parallel to the subframe 240. In this way, by folding the finishing trowel 800 when the concrete leveling device 100 is transported, the length of the finishing trowel 800 protruding backward from the subframe 240 becomes shorter, and it becomes possible to load the concrete leveling device 100 on, for example, a truck. When transportation of the concrete leveling device 100 is completed, the folded finishing trowel 800 can be unfolded as shown in FIG. 6.

[0032] Furthermore, at predetermined locations on the frame 200, a generator (not shown) that supplies drive current to the traveling actuator 340 of the traveling device 300, the vibration device 600, the differential actuator 722, and the actuators 814 and 852 of the finishing trowel 800, as well as a control panel (not shown) that controls the operation of these are attached. By appropriately operating switches and the like attached to the control panel, the various actuators and the vibration device 600 are operated to perform functions for achieving required purposes. The generator may be installed outside the concrete leveling device 100. Also, the various actuators and the vibration device 600 may be supplied with drive current from a commercial power source installed outside, not limited to a generator.

[0033] Next, an example of a method for spreading concrete on a road surface to be worked on using the concrete spreading device 100 will be described. Fig. 7 shows a flow chart showing the procedure for spreading concrete. The procedure shown in Fig. 7 is not limited to the illustrated order, and can be changed as appropriate as long as the concrete can be spread evenly.

[0034] In step 10 (abbreviated as "S10" in FIG. 7, and the same applies below), a worker or the like places reinforcing bars continuously in the longitudinal direction on the road surface to be worked on.

[0035] In step 11, a worker or the like sets up the concrete leveling device 100 at the end of the road surface to be worked on where the reinforcing bars are placed.

[0036] In step 12, a worker or the like starts to supply pre-hardened concrete using, for example, a backhoe onto the target road surface on which reinforcing bars are placed and which is located in front of the concrete leveling device 100 in the traveling direction. At this time, the worker or the like may further spread the concrete supplied onto the target road surface.

[0037] In step 13, a worker or the like operates the concrete leveling device 100 to move the concrete leveling device 100 while activating various actuators.

[0038] In this way, the concrete supplied to the road surface to be worked on is spread in the left-right direction by the first screed 400 located at the front end of the running direction of the concrete spreading device 100 reciprocating in the left-right direction. Then, the first screed 400 passes over the surface of the concrete spread in this way, so that the spread thickness of the concrete can be brought closer to the target thickness to some extent. At this time, the first screed 400 is vibrated by the vibration device 600, so that the aggregate contained in the concrete can be firmly pressed, and the density of the concrete can be increased. In addition, since the first screed 400 does not complete the spreading of the concrete, it is not necessary to make the vibration by the vibration device 600 strong, and it is possible to suppress the mortar components floating on the surface of the concrete and reducing its strength.

[0039] The concrete spread by the first screed 400 is further spread by the second screed 500 located behind it and reciprocating left and right. At this time, both ends of the second screed 500 move while rubbing against the top surface of a formwork (not shown) that determines the concrete spreading height, so that the concrete spreading height can be brought even closer to the target height. In addition, since the second screed 500 is not vibrated by the vibration device 600, the concrete is not subjected to excessive vibration, and there is almost no risk of mortar components contained in the concrete floating to the surface.

[0040] The concrete spread evenly on the road surface by the first screed 400 and the second screed 500 is finished by the reciprocating movement of the finishing trowel 800 located behind them in the front-rear and left-right directions. At this time, the first member 836 and the second member 838 of the trowel 830 are rotatable relative to the hanging frame 820, so that the load transmitted to the trowel body 832 via the hanging frame 820 is directed outward along the first member 836 and the second member 838, as shown in Fig. 8. This prevents an excessive load from being transmitted from the trowel body 832 to the concrete, and suppresses damage to the flatness of the concrete pavement surface.

[0041] Furthermore, a person skilled in the art will easily understand that new embodiments can be created by omitting parts of the technical ideas of the above embodiments, combining parts of the embodiments as appropriate, or replacing parts of the embodiments with well-known technology.

[0042] As one example, the frame 200 of the concrete spreading device 100 is not limited to the above configuration, and may have any configuration that can perform the required functions. Also, the frame 200 of the concrete spreading device 100 may be provided with a mechanism that can arbitrarily adjust the width in the left-right direction so that it can be adapted to road surfaces with different construction widths. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 100 Concrete leveling device 200 frames 220 Mainframe 240 Subframe 250 Rail parts 252 racks 300 Running gear 400 First Screed 500 Second Screed 600 Vibration device 720 differential mechanism 800 Finishing trowel 810 Support frame (mounting frame) 812 Lola 814 Actuator 816 Gear 820 Hanging frame (mounting frame) 832 Iron body 834 Bracket 836 First Component 838 Second Component 850 Reciprocating mechanism

Claims

1. A frame, A traveling device that causes the frame to travel; A plurality of screeds extending in a left-right direction with respect to a traveling direction of the frame, arranged at positions spaced apart from each other in the traveling direction, and attached to the frame; A vibration device attached to a screed located at the front end of the frame in the traveling direction; A finishing trowel attached to the rear of the plurality of screeds and extending parallel to the traveling direction of the frame while reciprocating in the left and right directions relative to the traveling direction of the frame; Equipped with The vibration device generates vibration by an unbalanced weight rotated by an actuator. Concrete spreading equipment.

2. The multiple screeds reciprocate in the left and right directions in different phases from each other, 2. The concrete spreading device according to claim 1.

3. The finishing trowel further reciprocates parallel to the travel direction of the frame. The concrete spreading device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The finishing trowel is A trowel body extending parallel to the running direction of the frame; a pair of brackets extending upward from two positions spaced apart from each other in an extension direction of the iron body on an upper surface of the iron body; a first member connected to one of the pair of brackets so as to be capable of relative rotation; a second member connected to the other of the pair of brackets so as to be capable of relative rotation; a mounting frame that connects one end of the first member and one end of the second member so as to be capable of rotating relative to one another, and that mounts the iron body to the frame via the first member, the second member, and the pair of brackets; Equipped with One of the pair of brackets is slidable within a predetermined range in the extension direction of the iron body. The concrete spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A concrete spreading method using the concrete spreading device described in any one of claims 1 to 4, traveling the frame with the traveling device, and spreading and leveling concrete on the target road surface while operating a vibration device attached to a screed located at the forefront in the traveling direction of the frame, and then further spreading and leveling the concrete on the target road surface with another screed, and increasing the flatness of the concrete spread and leveled on the target road surface with the finishing trowel.

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